Method for separating a tissue and corresponding device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for separating a fabric (10) with a plurality of interwoven warp and weft threads (11, 12), comprising the following steps: - a fabric (10) is provided to a guiding device (40) in which the warp threads (11) are guided in such a way that they are raised and lowered individually or in groups by means of at least one drive connected to the guiding device (40); - the at least one drive for raising and lowering the warp threads (11) is controlled by means of an electronic control device (30) such that weft threads (12) located upstream of the guide device (40) in the fabric (10) are released between the warp threads (11); and - The separating elements (42) are controlled by the electronic control unit (30) such that the separating elements (42) forcefully engage the released weft threads (12) and remove them from the fabric (10). The invention also relates to a corresponding device (1).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for separating a fabric and to a device for carrying out such a method. The invention also relates to a textile with threads obtained according to the method.

[0002] Conventional recycling methods include mechanical recycling using cutting, tearing, dust removal, and carding / carding machines; chemical recycling through the dissolution of the original polymer structures and subsequent reformation; and thermal recycling through the melting and subsequent filament spinning of thermoplastic fibers. All of these known methods present significant technical challenges that affect both the effectiveness and sustainability of these processes. A primary problem is the loss of quality that manifests itself with each cycle of the recycling process. In particular, textile fibers experience a degradation of their strength and durability due to the stresses encountered during mechanical and chemical recycling.This leads to the fiber materials and the textiles made from them often not achieving the quality characteristics and functionalities of primary materials. Consequently, these recycled fiber materials are frequently used for lower-quality products, which ultimately constitutes a form of downcycling and thus contradicts the principles of genuine, sustainable recycling.

[0003] As a result of the aforementioned loss of quality and the limited efficiency in separating and processing different materials, the lifespan of many textiles ends after only one or a few recycling cycles. This contradicts the ideal of a closed loop in which materials can be continuously recycled without significant loss of quality.

[0004] Another crucial aspect is the considerable energy and resource expenditure associated with traditional textile recycling methods. The necessary steps for separating, cleaning, and processing textile fibers require substantial amounts of energy, water, and other resources. These requirements can significantly diminish the environmental benefits of recycling.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a corresponding device for gently separating fabrics, which allows for more energy-efficient and gentler recycling.

[0006] The problem is solved by a method and a device having the features of the independent claims. Advantageous or preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0007] A method and device for separating fabrics are proposed. In this process, a fabric consisting of warp and weft threads is mechanically separated back into these warp and weft threads, which is equivalent to weaving. In the method according to the invention, the warp threads are guided in the guide device in such a way that they can be lowered and raised individually or in groups in order to reduce the static friction between the weft and warp threads upstream of the guide device, particularly in a – possibly relatively wide – area of ​​the binding point or binding line, so that the weft threads can be removed from the locally loosened fabric.

[0008] In the guiding device, the warp threads are preferably guided parallel to each other and repeatedly raised and lowered relative to each other during operation. At least one drive is provided for this purpose, which is controlled by an electronic control unit. The control unit also controls the separating elements, which grip the weft threads to be removed from the fabric and separate them from the fabric by force.

[0009] The advantages of the invention are particularly evident in the fact that it enables precise unbundling of the threads of a fabric, which is essentially a reversal of the textile manufacturing process.

[0010] In addition to preserving fiber quality, the invention further reduces energy and resource consumption, as it eliminates the need for the complete production of new yarns. Moreover, the efficient recovery and reuse of the yarns or threads enables environmentally friendly closed-loop recycling, which reduces dependence on new raw materials and contributes to a circular economy.

[0011] In this context, warp threads are understood to be those threads of the fabric that are guided—individually or in groups—up and down to remove the other type of thread, referred to here as weft threads, from the fabric. This definition is independent of how the fabric was originally woven, i.e., which threads were the warp threads and which were the weft threads in the original weaving process.

[0012] The term "at least one drive" refers to one or more drives, for example electric motors, for raising and lowering the shafts (generally the elements of the guide device) and one or more drives, for example also electric motors, for the separating elements. It is also possible that the drive(s) of the guide device also drive the separating elements, for example via a gearbox.

[0013] When the singular form of a fabric, unit, element, device, or similar is used, this is not to be interpreted restrictively and rather means that multiple fabrics, units, elements, devices, or similar may be included. For example, the mention of "a fabric" encompasses both one fabric and multiple fabrics.

[0014] When we speak of weft threads being released by the raising and lowering of warp threads, this does not necessarily mean that the contact between these weft threads and the warp threads is completely severed. Rather, the term "released" in this context means that the static friction between the weft threads and the warp threads in the area of ​​the raising and lowering of the warp threads, i.e., in the area of ​​the former binding point or binding line, is reduced to such an extent that these weft threads can be removed from the fabric by the separating elements, in particular, pulled out. It is realistic that several rows of weft threads, which may also be connected to each other, are released simultaneously.

[0015] When these documents refer to "threads", they are to be understood as linear textile structures made of fibers, including in particular spun yarns based on staple fibers or yarns based on filament yarns.

[0016] It is preferred if the weft threads are removed from the fabric by means of at least one gripper and / or a suction and / or blowing device. These are controlled by the control unit based on control commands and are all based on a force-fit engagement of the weft threads. For example, a gripper is brought laterally, i.e., transversely or obliquely to the transport direction, i.e., the warp direction, of the fabric and the gripping mechanism is actuated in such a way that one or more weft threads are grasped at the corresponding side edge of the fabric and pulled out of the fabric.

[0017] The separating elements can, in principle, be the same as those used in conventional weaving to insert the weft threads. Examples of suitable weaving machines include rapier looms and air-jet looms.

[0018] It is also possible to provide several separating elements, preferably arranged side by side in the warp direction, which accordingly capture several weft threads and remove them from the fabric essentially simultaneously, for example by pulling them out.

[0019] Preferably, the fabric is tensioned on the inlet side, i.e., upstream of the guide, before being cut. Likewise, the warp threads of the former fabric, exposed on the outlet side, are preferably tensioned. By clamping the upstream fabric and the downstream warp threads, the raising and lowering of the warp threads in the guide can be carried out precisely, so that the release and removal of the weft threads can be controlled and carried out safely.

[0020] The fabric can be fed to the guide continuously or intermittently (stop-and-go operation), preferably by unwinding from a warp beam. Likewise, the exposed warp threads can be unwound continuously or intermittently – each time synchronized with the fabric's movements – in the warp direction, preferably by winding them onto a warp beam. This allows all forces acting on the fabric, the warp threads, and the weft threads to be coordinated, in particular the adjustment of the fabric's mechanical tension, of which – after the weft threads are removed – only the warp threads remain.

[0021] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the guide device has heddles through whose eyes the warp threads are guided, the heddles being arranged either individually or in shafts. Such designs essentially correspond to the known construction of conventional weaving machines. In Jacquard weaving machines, individually controllable heddles that can be raised and lowered are present, while in dobby looms the heddles are arranged in shafts, with the number of shafts being at least two, but often considerably more. The heddles or shafts are then raised and lowered by the aforementioned control mechanism connected to the at least one drive unit connected to the heddles or shafts. Here, the control device controls the heddles or shafts and their respective stroke (and thus the thread stroke) according to the thread binding at the binding point or the binding line, in order to loosen or release one or more weft threads.which are then pulled out of the fabric by, for example, one or more grippers due to the resulting lower thread friction.

[0022] Preferably, threads removed from the fabric are spliced ​​together and wound onto spools. This is particularly suitable for weft threads, which are removed from the fabric one after the other or several at once, for example, by pulling them out laterally. Relatively short thread segments are joined using a splicing head to create longer strands suitable for further processing. This process eliminates the need for the costly process of re-threading, which is common in conventional recycling methods.

[0023] In certain embodiments, it is preferred if the weft threads removed from the fabric are first wound onto a first spool and only in a later step are they continuously unwound, spliced ​​together, and the spliced ​​thread is wound back on the spool.

[0024] Accordingly, the weft threads can be spliced ​​together before being wound on for the first time, or after being unwound following a previous winding, and then wound on, preferably on cross-wound bobbins.

[0025] Warp threads can also be spliced ​​together, preferably after unwinding from a warp beam onto which the warp threads were wound immediately after separation from the weft threads. It is also possible to splice weft threads with warp threads.

[0026] It is preferred that the weft threads be pulled out of the fabric in the plane of the fabric and at an angle greater than 0° to the warp direction. Pulling them out in the plane of the fabric reduces the friction between the weft and warp threads during removal compared to removing them at an angle greater than 0° to the plane of the fabric.

[0027] The weft threads can still be removed from the fabric at an angle to the warp direction or in the weft direction, i.e., perpendicular to the warp direction. With an angled removal (within the plane of the fabric), the static friction can also be reduced with respect to neighboring weft threads still present in the fabric.

[0028] The inventive method particularly preferably comprises the following further steps: - Capturing at least one parameter value relating to the fabric and / or the warp and / or weft threads using a detection device; - computer-aided evaluation of at least one recorded parameter value using an evaluation unit to generate control commands, - Forwarding the control commands to the electronic control unit to control at least one drive of the guide device for raising and lowering the warp threads and the separating elements.

[0029] These process steps allow information about the fabric to be obtained, which can then be used to control the warp thread guide and the separating elements in a suitable and precise manner. The evaluation unit uses a computer to analyze the recorded parameter values ​​and forwards them to the electronic control unit, which generates the necessary control commands for the guide and separating elements based on the resulting information.

[0030] The recorded parameter values ​​can include, in particular: type of weave, weave pattern, thread density, thread fineness, thread type, fiber roughness, fabric length, fabric width, fabric thickness.

[0031] It should be noted that the fabric width should preferably be constant, as otherwise it would be difficult to thread the warp threads across the entire, varying width.

[0032] Preferably, the evaluation unit uses optical pattern recognition and / or image classification algorithms. Such algorithms, based on known and proven computational principles, enable, in particular, precise identification of the fabric's weave type and / or the weave pattern. The downstream machine elements, especially the guide and the separating elements, can then be controlled accordingly to remove weft threads—individually or in groups or simultaneously—from the fabric. In this way, the weave pattern can be effectively reversed with virtually no loss of thread quality.

[0033] For example, if pattern recognition detects a plain weave of the fabric and also identifies which of the warp threads are at the bottom and which are at the top when viewed in the weft direction, the heddles or shafts can be controlled accordingly to release the weft threads.

[0034] It is advantageous to perform the acquisition and evaluation of at least one parameter value and the corresponding control of the guide device and the separating elements continuously or at least successively with possible interruptions, since then, for example, weaving errors can also be detected, which are taken into account when controlling the guide device and separating elements.

[0035] Continuous recording of the weaving pattern is generally necessary even when the fabric is produced using a Jacquard loom, so that individually controllable heddles must also be used in the inventive separation of the fabric, i.e., the weaving process.

[0036] In principle, the method according to the invention can also be carried out without recording and evaluating one or more parameter values. In this case, for example, the weave type is determined beforehand by visual inspection, the warp threads are threaded through the eyes of the heddles according to the weave type, and the electronic control unit is set to actuate the at least one drive for raising and lowering the heddles or shafts accordingly, as well as for actuating the separating elements. Advantageously, no pattern recognition or other parameter value acquisition is then performed during operation. This simple method sequence can be used, for example, when there are no weaving defects in the fabric, so that the method according to the invention can run without any changes to the actuation of the guide device and the separating elements.

[0037] To acquire tissue parameter values, the acquisition device preferably includes optical acquisition means, for example, one or more cameras. Alternatively or additionally, other acquisition means can be used, for example, ultrasound-based methods. Generally, the acquisition device comprises the respective transmitters and receivers, and preferably also the computer-aided evaluation unit, which provides the control commands resulting from the evaluation to the control unit.

[0038] The evaluation unit can also be partially or fully integrated into the control unit. Furthermore, the control unit can be distributed across multiple control units or combined into a single unit.

[0039] The detection device, for example designed as a camera, or a separate camera, can be used to detect the position of the released weft threads, the images of which are evaluated and the corresponding information is provided to the control unit for controlling the at least one drive for the separating elements.

[0040] The invention also relates to a device designed for carrying out the method described above and further described and / or claimed below. The device comprises a device for providing a fabric, a guiding device for raising and lowering individual or grouped warp threads, and an electronic control device for controlling the guiding device and for controlling separating elements with which the weft threads are removed from the fabric by force-fit.

[0041] Advantageous further developments of the device according to the invention are characterized by the features of the dependent claims of the device and / or result from the method according to the invention described herein.

[0042] The invention further relates to a textile that is at least partially made from warp and / or weft threads obtained from one or more recycled fabrics using the inventive method. Because the invention enables threads to be recycled in a closed-loop system with virtually no degradation, the resulting textile is almost identical in its mechanical properties to the original textile made from primary materials.

[0043] It is also possible to use the reed found in conventional weaving machines in the present invention. While a reed is usually used to beat a weft thread against the selvedge, in the present invention it can be used to loosen the fabric in the area of ​​the selvedge or the binding point by, for example, dipping into the fabric from below and loosening one or more weft threads in the warp direction before the weaving elements are engaged. A brush strip can be attached to the upper edge of the reed to increase friction with the fabric and improve the gripping of the weft threads. Other additional devices can also help to move weft threads, which would otherwise be released by the guide, further away from the selvedge so that the weaving elements can engage them more effectively.For example, a rotating brush can be positioned below or above the selvedge, which pushes the weft threads in the direction of transport.

[0044] Other devices known from conventional weaving machines can also be used in the inventive method and in the inventive device, for example devices in the form of a beater beam and / or a breast beam.

[0045] Further advantages of the invention are described in the following exemplary embodiments. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic overview of the steps of the method according to the invention; Fig. 2 a side view of a schematically illustrated device according to the invention, and Fig. 3 a top view of the device of Fig. 2.

[0046] In Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic overview of various aspects of an embodiment of the invention. Fig. Figure 1a shows a top view of a fabric 10, which is made up of warp threads 11 and weft threads 12.

[0047] In Fig. Figure 1b schematically depicts a detection device 20, which is provided according to advantageous embodiments and is shown here combined with an evaluation unit 25. The detection device 20 is based, for example, on optical principles and is designed, for example, as one or more cameras which detect at least one parameter value relating to the interlacing of the threads 11, 12. This preferably includes one or more of the following parameter values: type of weave, weave pattern, thread density, thread thickness, thread type, fiber roughness, fabric length, fabric width, fabric thickness.

[0048] The evaluation unit 25 particularly preferably uses optical pattern recognition and / or image classification algorithms based on generally known computational principles and familiar to those skilled in the art. Using these algorithms, for example, the weave type, weave pattern, and weave density of the warp and weft threads 11, 12 in the fabric 10 can be determined.

[0049] In the Fig. Figure 1c schematically shows how weft threads 12 are removed from the fabric 10 in the weft direction S (separating elements are not shown themselves, see below) and wound onto a spool 47 using a first winding device 46.

[0050] In the Fig. Figure 1d shows an example of further processing of threads removed from a fabric 10. Weft threads 12 can, for example, be taken from a first spool 46 (see Figure 1d). Fig. 1c) are unwound and spliced ​​in a splicing device 50 known per se with a thread 14 located on a spool 57 (here a cross-wound spool). The thread 14, which is wound onto a second spooling device 56, preferably consists of a plurality of successive weft threads 12 that have been previously spliced ​​together. It is, of course, also possible that the weft threads 12 removed from the fabric 10 are first spliced ​​together and only then wound onto a spool for the first time (see the following embodiment of the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

[0051] In the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for recycling fabrics 10 in side and top view. According to these figures, a flat, spread-out fabric 10 is unwound from a roll 63 of a feeding device 62 and guided in a web in a transport direction T, corresponding to the warp direction, to a receiving device 20. For the sake of simplicity, the corresponding transport means, such as conveyor motors and / or roller brakes, are not shown, but are well known to a person skilled in the art.

[0052] In the present case, a pull-off device 64 is provided on the downstream side as seen in the transport direction T, which pulls the fabric 10 from the roll 63 or supports this pulling.

[0053] The detection device 20 is configured, for example, as one or more cameras directed downwards onto the tissue 10. Alternatively or additionally, a detection device can also be provided below the tissue 10. Instead of or in addition to at least one camera, other configurations of the detection device 20 are possible, for example, based on ultrasound.

[0054] In the exemplary embodiment of the Fig. 2 and Fig. In the 3-step process, the detection device 20 is combined with an evaluation unit 25, which computer-aidedly evaluates the parameter values ​​acquired by the detection device 20 and makes them available to a control unit 30. For example, the evaluation unit 25 determines from the parameter values ​​acquired by the detection device 20 that the fabric 10 has a twill weave with a specific weave density and consists of cotton threads of a specific fineness. The detection device 20 also preferably acquires the width of the fabric 10, which is preferably constant. Alternatively or additionally, certain parameter values, such as the fabric width and / or the fiber type and / or the fiber thickness, have already been provided to the evaluation unit 25 and / or the control unit 30 for processing purposes, i.e., without the use of the detection device 20.

[0055] The control unit 30 uses the information from the evaluation unit 25 and, if applicable, the information already provided in advance to create control commands that control the separation process of the weft threads 12 from the warp threads 11.

[0056] The separating elements 42 are in this case designed as at least one gripper 42 (hence the same reference numeral), which is located in the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 is shown only schematically. The gripper 42 is preferably positioned next to the fabric 10 and is driven, for example, by means of a belt or rack and pinion to move it back and forth in the weft direction S.

[0057] The guide device 40 has, according to the one described in the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment with two shafts 41 in which, as in conventional weaving shafts, heddles are arranged, through whose eyes the warp threads 11 of the fabric 10 are guided. Threading the warp threads 11 into the eyes of the heddles can be carried out, in particular, as a preparatory step before starting up the device 1 according to the invention. For this purpose, for example, weft threads 12 are manually removed from the fabric 10 and the exposed warp threads 11, after being guided through the eyes of the heddles, are wound onto the take-up device 64.

[0058] The shafts 41, together with the heddles and the warp threads 11 they guide, can be raised and lowered according to the weave structure of the fabric 10 in order to loosen the fabric 10 upstream of the guide device and – roughly speaking – in the area of ​​the binding point or binding line, and to release the weft threads 12 from the fabric 10 so that they can then be removed. The control commands of the control unit 30 for actuating at least one drive of the shafts 41 and the gripper 42 are tailored to the respective fabric 10 in order to coordinate the movement of the gripper 42 and the shafts 41 as well as the transport of the fabric 10 in the transport direction T.

[0059] In the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows at least one drive for the raising and lowering of the shafts 41 and the separating elements 42, which is not shown for clarity. One or more drives, for example electric motors, can be provided for raising and lowering the shafts (generally the elements of the guide device), and one or more drives, for example also electric motors, can be provided for the separating elements. It is also possible that the drive(s) of the guide device also drive the separating elements, for example via a gearbox and other mechanical means.

[0060] Instead of shafts 41, Jacquard mechanisms can also be used. This is particularly useful if the device is to continuously recognize the weave pattern (e.g., optically). In this case, it is necessary to use a Jacquard mechanism with individually controllable heddles to raise or lower the individual warp threads 11. If, however, the weave type, e.g., plain weave, twill weave, or satin weave, is already known, shafts can be used; in that case, no Jacquard mechanism is required.

[0061] Even if only the detection device 20 is responsible for determining the binding type, a Jacquard device is necessary, since the individual strands must be controlled depending on the detected binding type.

[0062] The gripper 42 can be configured to grasp one or more weft threads 12 simultaneously and pull them out of the fabric 10. The gripper 42 can be designed in principle like grippers of known gripper weaving machines. Instead of inserting weft threads into a fabric using one or more grippers, as is known, weft threads 12 are removed from a fabric 10 using one or more grippers 42. The at least one gripper 42 does not necessarily have to penetrate deeply into the fabric 10 opened by the shafts 41, but can grasp the lateral ends of the exposed weft threads 12 and pull them out laterally.

[0063] Alternatively or additionally, the separating elements 42 can also include other means for removing the weft threads 12, which are also based on force-fit, for example a device for blowing in and / or sucking out air, as is known from air-powered weaving machines.

[0064] At the downstream end of the device 1, the aforementioned extraction device 64 is provided, which, according to the illustrated embodiment, winds the warp threads 11, which are no longer connected to each other by weft threads 12, onto a roller 65 in a parallel arrangement for later use.

[0065] In principle, the device 1, including the guide device 40 and the separating elements, has the essential elements of a weaving machine, but in this case it is not used to produce fabric, but rather to carry out the reverse process.

[0066] In the exemplary embodiment of the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A splicing device 50 is arranged adjacent to at least one gripper 42. By means of the splicing device 50, a weft thread 12, just pulled out of the fabric 10, is spliced. Fig. 3 simplified as still partially running within the fabric 10, but no longer grasped by the gripper 42 - spliced ​​with a loose end of a thread 14 wound on a spool 57. This thread 14 preferably consists of a plurality of previously spliced ​​weft threads 12 (cf. Fig. 1d). The coil 57 is thereby wound by a second winding device 56 (in contrast to the first winding device 46 of the Fig. 1c) powered.

[0067] In the illustrated embodiment, the control unit 30 controls not only the guide unit 40 and in particular the shafts and the gripper(s) 42, but also the feed unit 62 and the take-off unit 64, and preferably the splicing unit 50 and the second spooling unit 56.

[0068] The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the figures. In particular, the device 1 according to the invention can also operate without a detection device 20. If, for example, the binding type is already known – for example, by a prior visual inspection – and other parameter values ​​are irrelevant for the force-fit engagement of the weft threads 12, the control unit 30 can be configured or programmed accordingly so that the at least one drive for the shafts 41 and the separating elements 42 is periodically controlled in the same manner.

[0069] It is also possible, for example, that the individual warp threads 11 are spliced ​​together at a later time after their (initial) winding onto the roller 65. The corresponding splicing device 50 can also be operated separately and independently of the device 1 and be located elsewhere. Weft threads 12 removed from the fabric 10 can also be spliced ​​together at a later time, for example, with each other and / or with warp threads 11 and / or with other threads from other fabrics 10.

[0070] Furthermore, instead of being combined with the acquisition device 20, the evaluation unit 25 can be integrated into the control unit 30 and receive the acquired parameter values ​​from the acquisition device 20. It is also possible for the evaluation unit 25 to be designed as a separate device and to communicate with both the acquisition device 20 and the control unit 30.

[0071] The weft threads 12 can also be removed from the plane of the tissue, i.e., upwards or downwards from the tissue 10.

[0072] Furthermore, the detection device 20 or a separate camera (not shown) can be used to detect the position of the released weft threads 12. The camera images are evaluated, and based on these results, the control unit 30 can control the at least one drive for the separating elements 42 for the precise detection of the weft threads 12.

[0073] The advantages of the invention lie in particular in the preservation of the mechanical fiber quality, the reduction of energy and resource consumption, cost efficiency, the possibility of closed-loop recycling, environmental compatibility and increased recycling rates. Reference symbol list 1 Device 10 tissues 11 warp threads 12 weft threads 14 spliced ​​thread 20 Recording device 25 evaluation units 30 Control unit 40 Guide device 41 shafts 42 Separating element 46 first winding device 47 coil 50 splicing equipment 51 Splice point 56 second winding device 57 coil 62 Feeding device 63 rolls 64 Extraction device 65 rolls S direction of fire T Transport direction (corresponds to warp direction)

Claims

[1] Method for separating a fabric (10) with a plurality of interwoven warp and weft threads (11, 12), comprising the following steps: - a fabric (10) is provided to a guiding device (40) in which the warp threads (11) are guided in such a way that they are raised and lowered individually or in groups by means of at least one drive connected to the guiding device (40); - the at least one drive for raising and lowering the warp threads (11) is controlled by means of an electronic control device (30) such that weft threads (12) located upstream of the guide device (40) in the fabric (10) are released between the warp threads (11); and - Separating elements (42) are controlled by the electronic control unit (30) in such a way that the separating elements (42) forcefully take said released weft threads (12) with them and remove them from the fabric (10). [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by that the said weft threads (12) are removed from the fabric (10) by at least one gripper (42), at least one preferably rotating brush and / or suction and / or blowing elements. [3] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the fabric (10) is tensioned on the inlet side and that the warp threads (11) exposed after separation are tensioned. [4] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the fabric (10) is fed continuously or intermittently to the guiding device (40), preferably by unwinding from a warp beam, and the exposed warp threads (11) are drawn off continuously or intermittently in the warp direction (K), preferably by winding onto a warp beam. [5] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the warp threads (11) in the guide device (40) are guided through eyes of heddles, wherein the heddles are arranged either individually or in shafts (41) and wherein the heddles or shafts (41) are raised and lowered by said actuation of the at least one drive connected to the heddles or shafts (41). [6] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that weft threads (12) removed from the fabric (10) are spliced ​​together and wound onto a coil, preferably continuously. [7] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the weft threads (12) are removed from the fabric (10) in the plane of the fabric and at an angle greater than 0° to the warp direction (K), in particular in the weft direction (S) or substantially in the weft direction (S). [8] Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that it continues to include: - Capturing at least one parameter value relating to the fabric and / or the warp and / or weft threads (11, 12) using a detection device (20); - computer-aided evaluation of the at least one recorded parameter value using an evaluation unit (25) to generate control commands, - Forwarding the control commands to the electronic control unit (30) to control the at least one drive of the guide unit (40) for raising and lowering the warp threads (11) and the separating elements (42). [9] Method according to the preceding claim, characterized by , that the detection device (20) detects one or more of the following parameter values ​​of the fabric (10): type of weave, weave pattern, thread density, thread fineness, thread type, fiber roughness, fabric length, fabric width, fabric thickness. [10] Method according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized by, that the evaluation unit (25) uses optical pattern recognition and / or image classification algorithms. [11] Apparatus (1), in particular for carrying out the method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: - a device (62) for providing a fabric (10) comprising a plurality of interwoven warp and weft threads (11, 12), - a guide device (40) comprising at least one drive configured to raise and lower the warp threads (11) individually or in groups in order to release weft threads (12) present upstream of the guide device (40) in the fabric (10) between the warp threads (11); - an electronic control device (30) designed to control (10) the at least one drive of the guide device (40) for raising and lowering the warp threads (11), so that the weft threads (12) present in the fabric (10) in the area of ​​the raised and lowered warp threads (11) are released between the warp threads (11), - wherein the electronic control device (30) is further configured to control (10) separating elements (42) for the force-fit attachment and removal of said released weft threads (12). [12] Device (1) according to the preceding device claim, characterized by , that the separating elements (42) comprise one or more grippers (42), one or more, preferably rotating, brushes and / or suction and / or blowing elements to remove weft threads (12), in particular laterally, for example in the weft direction (S), from the fabric (10). [13] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding device claims, characterized by a cloth tree (63) from which the fabric (10) is unwound, and / or a warp tree (65) for winding up the exposed warp threads (11) after separation from the weft threads (12). [14] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding device claims, characterized by , that the guide device (40) comprises individually liftable and lowerable strands or liftable and lowerable shafts (41) in which strands are arranged, wherein the warp threads (11) can be threaded through the eyes of the respective strands, and wherein the shafts (41) or strands are connected to the said at least one drive which can be controlled by the electronic control device (30). [15] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding device claims, characterized by - a detection device (20) for detecting at least one parameter value relating to the fabric (10) and / or the warp and / or weft threads (11, 12) of the fabric (10) provided by the transport device (62); - an evaluation unit (25) for computer-aided evaluation of the recorded parameter values ​​for generating and forwarding control commands to the electronic control unit (30); - wherein the electronic control device (30) is designed to control the separating elements (42) and the at least one drive for raising and lowering the warp threads (11). [16] Device (1) according to the preceding device claim, characterized by , that the detection device (20) includes one or more cameras. [17] Device (1) according to at least one of the two preceding device claims, characterized by, that the evaluation unit (25) is designed to use computer-aided algorithms for optical pattern recognition and / or image classification. [18] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding device claims, characterized by , that the detection device (20) is designed to detect and evaluate one or more of the following parameter values ​​of the fabric (10): weave type, weave pattern, thread density, thread thickness, thread type, fiber roughness, fabric length, fabric width, fabric thickness. [19] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding device claims, characterized by at least one splicing device (50) for splicing weft threads (12) and / or warp threads (11) removed from the fabric (10) and / or by means of a winding device (46; 56) for winding weft threads (12) removed from the fabric (10) and possibly spliced ​​together. [20] Textile which is at least partially made from warp and / or weft threads (11, 12) obtained from one or more fabrics (10) according to at least one of the preceding method claims.

Images