Lifting device for lifting a rail vehicle and lifting system

Abstract

The invention relates to a lifting device (101) for lifting a rail vehicle (161, 503), in particular a tram (161, 503), comprising a base body (105), a lifting engagement (103) and a lifting means connection (107), wherein the lifting engagement (103) is configured to correspond to a lifting receptacle (171, 173) of the rail vehicle (161, 503) for reaching an operating position when the lifting engagement (103) is connected to the lifting receptacle (171, 173) and the lifting means connection (107, 207) is configured for mechanically connecting an axially acting lifting means (121), wherein the rail vehicle (161, 503) is in the operating position by means of the lifting means connected to the lifting connection (171, 173), which is in a lifting position,The lifting means (121) acting along a lifting axis (181) arranged essentially vertically in the lifting position can be raised from a lower position to an upper position by expanding the lifting means (121) along the lifting axis (181) relative to a base (110). The invention further relates to a lifting system with such a lifting device.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a lifting device for lifting a rail vehicle, in particular a tram, comprising a base body, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting device connection, wherein the lifting mechanism is configured to correspond to a lifting receptacle of the rail vehicle for reaching an operating position when the lifting mechanism is connected to the lifting receptacle, and the lifting device connection is configured for the mechanical connection of an axially acting lifting device, wherein the rail vehicle, in the operating position, can be lifted from a lower position to an upper position by means of the lifting device connected to the lifting connection, which is in a lifting position and acts along a lifting axis arranged substantially perpendicular to the ground, by expanding the lifting device along the lifting axis relative to the ground. The invention further relates to a lifting system with such a lifting device.

[0002] If a rail vehicle needs to be lifted, especially in an emergency, hydraulic winches are used, which are attached to the side of the vehicle. Lifting rail vehicles with lifting cushions is also a known method. Improvised hydraulic lifting devices can also be used. When such a lifting device is used, for example, by emergency services during the rescue of a person trapped under a rail vehicle, there is often increased stress and time pressure. In an emergency situation, such as when rescuing someone from under a tram, operational safety can be compromised and / or incorrect operation is possible.

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to improve the state of the art.

[0004] The problem is solved by a lifting device for lifting a rail vehicle, in particular a tram, comprising a base body, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting device connection, wherein the lifting mechanism is designed to correspond to a lifting receptacle of the rail vehicle for reaching an operating position when the lifting mechanism is connected to the lifting receptacle, and the lifting device connection is designed for the mechanical connection of an axially acting lifting device, wherein the rail vehicle in the operating position can be lifted from a lower position to an upper position by means of the lifting device connected to the lifting device connection, which is in a lifting position and acts along a lifting axis arranged substantially vertically in the lifting position, by expanding the lifting device along the lifting axis relative to a surface, wherein the lifting device connection has a joint, wherein the joint pivotally receives the lifting device connection.wherein the lifting device connected to the lifting device connection is movable by means of the joint between the lifting position and a mounting position arranged differently from the lifting position in relation to the lifting axis, wherein the lifting device connection arranged for the mounting position of the lifting device enables the lifting device to be connected and disconnected in the operating position differently from the substantially vertically arranged lifting axis.

[0005] A further, independent aspect of the invention is that a quick-release fastener or a labyrinth connection can be used instead of the joint, for example, to laterally insert the lifting element with an upper connection point from a mounting position parallel to the lifting axis into the operating position in the lifting device and, for example, to secure it against falling out by means of the labyrinth connection. Thus, a joint can be dispensed with, for example, a purely axially acting lifting element with flat end pieces can be used.

[0006] By means of the joint or by means of lateral insertion and securing with, for example, the labyrinth connection, a safe and uncomplicated coupling of the lifting device is thus made possible, whereby, when using a joint, the lifting device can be pivoted into the lifting position along the lifting axis after connection in order to carry out the lifting safely.

[0007] In one embodiment, the joint has a pivot joint and / or a ball joint.

[0008] With such a joint design, a specific pivot axis or direction can be mechanically defined, for example, to simplify the operation of the lifting device and prevent incorrect operation. For this purpose, the joint can also be equipped with a pivot stop, which, for example, defines a pivot range by limiting the joint's freedom of movement.

[0009] According to another embodiment, the lifting device connection has a quick-release fastener, wherein the quick-release fastener is designed in particular as a snap fastener and / or as a click fastener.

[0010] Using such a quick-release coupling, the lifting device can be coupled or uncoupled from the lifting apparatus quickly and easily, for example, at an operation site, often without tools. This allows, for instance, the simple and rapid setup of a necessary substructure to support the rail vehicle or the preparation of a support surface for the lifting device. Similarly, adjustments to the initial substructure are possible without the need for time-consuming and tool-free connection or temporary removal of the lifting device.

[0011] In one embodiment, the lifting device connection is detachably connected to the base body by means of a connecting element.

[0012] Thus, for example, a lifting device connection specific to the respective lifting device, such as one with a joint provided on or in it, can be used. In particular, a lifting device connection supplied by a manufacturer of the lifting device, for example in the form of a support foot or a support plate with a joint, can be used.

[0013] In one embodiment, the base body has a guide means, wherein the guide means has a guide geometry corresponding to the lifting means and the lifting means is engaged with the guide means when the lifting means connection is pivoted from the mounting position to the lifting position, wherein the guide means mechanically supports the lifting means on the base body along the lifting axis against tilting and / or buckling of the lifting means.

[0014] The guide device thus makes it possible to brace the lifting device against unwanted deflection.

[0015] In particular, a locking device is assigned to the guide device, whereby the lifting device can be fixed in the lifting position along the lifting axis by means of the locking device.

[0016] If the lifting device is locked and thus fixed in the guide device, operating safety is significantly increased, in particular an unintentional swiveling or sliding of the lifting device out of the guide device is effectively prevented.

[0017] In one embodiment, an indicator is assigned to the base body, which is movable, in particular along the axis of engagement, wherein the movable indicator has a fault position and a safety position and, when the lifting connection is fully engaged with the lifting engagement, is moved from the fault position to the safety position by a mechanical interaction with the lifting engagement.

[0018] The indicator, which can be purely mechanical, ensures that the lifting connection is securely linked to the lifting mechanism before, for example, the rail vehicle is lifted.

[0019] In particular, the locking means has a locking pin, wherein the guide means forms the indicator and at least one opening in the guide means for receiving the locking means in the safety position is aligned with at least one opening in the base body, so that the locking pin can be guided through the respective openings exclusively in the safety position of the indicator for fixing the lifting means in the lifting position.

[0020] Consequently, the sequence of actions for the operator is predetermined by the lifting device itself, so that first the lifting means must be engaged with the guide means, whereby securing the lifting means with the locking pin can only take place if the lifting connection and lifting engagement are securely and completely connected.

[0021] In another aspect, the problem is solved by a lifting system with a lifting device according to one of the previously described embodiments and an axially acting lifting means that can be connected to or is connected to the lifting means connection.

[0022] Such a lifting system can be used in single or multiple configurations, for example with two lifting devices on two sides of a rail vehicle.

[0023] In one embodiment, the lifting device has a hydraulic cylinder, in particular a hydraulic lifting support, a spindle support, a threaded support and / or a hydraulic threaded support and / or in particular a quick-release fastener for detachably mechanically connecting the lifting device to the lifting device connection.

[0024] Thus, for example, a standardized and already existing hydraulic cylinder or a readily available hydraulic lifting device can be used with the lifting mechanism. In this case, a quick-release system already available for the lifting device can be used, in which the lifting device is appropriately equipped.

[0025] Particularly safe lifting of a rail vehicle can be achieved by a lifting system which has two lifting devices installed on opposite sides of the rail vehicle according to one or more of the previously described embodiments, wherein the respective lifting devices are designed in such a way that the lifting means of the lifting devices arranged opposite each other on different sides of the rail vehicle are pivoted in opposite directions into the respective guide means of the respective lifting device in order to prevent or at least make it more difficult for the rail vehicle to tip over or swerve in a respective direction with the lifting means of each lifting device which is locked against pivoting.

[0026] The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. These will show... Fig. 1. A schematic representation of an emergency situation involving a lifting device on a tram, Fig. 2 the lifting device of the Fig. 1 in an enlarged side view, Fig. 3 the lifting device of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in a top view, Fig. 4 the lifting device of the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 in a sectional top view, as well as Fig. 5. A lifting operation on a tram in a schematic frontal view.

[0027] In an emergency situation 100, it is assumed that a person is trapped under a tram 161 after an accident. It is therefore necessary to lift the tram 161, in particular the car body 162, on a bogie 163 so that a person trapped underneath can be freed. For this purpose, the car body 162, which is rotatably mounted and supported on a pivot 165 of the bogie 163, is lifted until, for example, 5 cm or 10 cm of clearance is created to free the trapped person.

[0028] The tram 161 is positioned on rails 169 by means of wheels 167 on the bogie 163, as is the case, for example, in a normal traffic situation in a city.

[0029] A support 171 is inserted laterally into a lifting receptacle 163 provided for this purpose in the car body 162. It should be noted that the lifting receptacle 163 may, for example, be intended for lifting the tram 161 in a repair shop or during its manufacture. The lifting receptacle 163 is therefore structurally integrated into the car body 162 and designed to bear the corresponding loads.

[0030] A pipe section 103 of the lifting device 101 is slid onto the support 171, so that an operating position is reached along a sliding movement 190. A box frame 105 is attached to the pipe section 103 by means of an exemplary weld 104 and spot welds 106. In the operating position, the box frame branches off upwards from the pipe section 103 and projects outwards in the opposite direction of the sliding movement 190 relative to the car body 162. A mounting plate 107 with fixing holes 109 is provided at the upper end of the box frame 105. The corresponding components are manufactured with standard technical tolerances, so that an overall dimensionally stable arrangement of the lifting device 101 on the car body 162 is created.

[0031] The task now is to apply 110 forces to a surface so that the car body 162 can be lifted. For this purpose, a lifting support 121 with a hydraulic ram 123 and a foot 125 with a quick-release fastener 127 is used, the lifting support 121 being mounted by means of a swivel joint.

[0032] A base plate 203 is screwed to the mounting plate 107, the base plate 203 accommodating a ball joint 207 with a quick-release pin 207 designed for quick-release fastening. Consequently, the hydraulic cylinder 123, which is part of the lifting support 121 and is mounted on the quick-release pin 207 by means of the ball joint 203, can be moved accordingly.

[0033] The lifting support 121 can be pivoted from a position along a mounting axis 183, where, for example, the quick-release fastener is attached, by a pivot angle 201 into a lifting axis 181. This allows for easy attachment of components along the mounting axis 183, while the insertion of the lifting support 121 into the lifting axis 181 is simple. The pivoting occurs around the arrangement of the ball joint 205 at a pivot point height 185. It should be noted that the quick-release pin 205 with the ball joint 203 has a joining axis 187 along which the lifting support 121 is axially slid onto the joint.

[0034] Extending from the pipe section 103 is a guide piece 211, which has an inner surface 401 analogous to the geometry of the lifting support 121. Furthermore, the guide piece 211 can be moved from a fault position 491 to a safety position 493 within the pipe section 403, this movement being effected in particular by the support 171 inserted into the pipe section 103 when the lifting device 101 is fully extended in the operating position towards the car body 162.

[0035] The corresponding movement occurs along a displacement of 495.

[0036] A plug-in axle 481, which is aligned orthogonally to the extension movement 190, is only freely accessible and through-passage, for example for a plug pin, when the safety position 493 of the guide piece 211 has been reached; therefore, securing the lifting support 121 is only possible when the safety position 493 has been achieved by the correct assembly of the lifting device 101 on the tram 161.

[0037] By extending the hydraulic ram 123 of the lifting support 121, it is then possible to raise the tram 161 relative to the ground 110, so that the person can be freed.

[0038] Furthermore, a lifting operation 501 on a tram 503 is described, in which corresponding lifting devices 101 are pushed onto both sides of the tram, so that the swivel angles 201, in particular the swivel movements from the mounting axis 183 in the direction of the lifting axis 181, for respective lifting supports 121 (in Fig.5 not shown) in opposite directions, so that when the lifting support 121 has been picked up in the respective inner surface 401 of the respective guide piece 211, an arrangement is created by inserting a safety bolt along the plug axis 481 such that, in the event of a swerve of the tram 503 in the respective direction, one of the respective lifting supports 121 prevents the tram 503 from slipping or tipping over by bearing in the inner surface 401 of the guide piece 211. Reference symbol list 100 emergency situations 101 Lifting device 103 pipe sections 104 weld seam 105 box frames 106 welding point 107 Recording plate 109 Fixing hole 110 Underground 121 Lifting support 123 hydraulic cylinders 125 feet 127 Quick release 161 tram 162 Car bodies 163 bogie 165 cones 167 wheel 169 Rail 171 carriers 173 Lifting capacity 180 insertion axis 181 Lifting axle 183 Mounting axis 185 pivot height 187 Joining axis 190 Lifting movement 191 lower position 193 top position 201 swivel angle 203 Base plate 205 ball joint 207 quick-release pins 211 Guide piece 401 Interior surface 491 Misalignment 493 Safety position 495 Shift 481 Thru axle 501 Lifting operation 503 tram

Claims

[1] Lifting device (101) for lifting a rail vehicle (161, 503), in particular a tram (161, 503), comprising a base body (105), a lifting engagement (103) and a lifting device connection (107), wherein the lifting engagement (103) is configured to correspond to a lifting receptacle (171, 173) of the rail vehicle (161, 503) for reaching an operating position when connecting the lifting engagement (103) to the lifting receptacle (171, 173) and the lifting device connection (107, 207) is configured for mechanically connecting an axially acting lifting device (121), wherein the rail vehicle (161, 503) is in the operating position by means of the lifting device connected to the lifting connection (171, 173), which is in a lifting position,The lifting means (121) acting along a lifting axis (181) arranged essentially vertically in the lifting position can be raised from a lower position to an upper position by expanding the lifting means (121) along the lifting axis (181) relative to a base (110). characterized by , that the lifting device connection (107, 207) has a joint (205), wherein the joint (205) pivotably receives the lifting device connection (107, 207), wherein the lifting device (121) connected to the lifting device connection (107, 207) is movable by means of the joint (205) between the lifting position and a mounting position arranged differently from the lifting position in relation to the lifting axis (181), wherein the lifting device connection (107, 207) arranged for the mounting position of the lifting device (121) enables the lifting device (121) to be connected and disconnected in the operating position differently (183) from the substantially vertically arranged lifting axis (181). [2] Lifting device according to claim 1, characterized by , that the joint (205) has a pivot joint and / or a ball joint (205). [3] Lifting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the lifting device connection (107, 207) has a quick-release fastener (207), wherein the quick-release fastener (207) is designed in particular as a snap fastener and / or as a click fastener. [4] Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the lifting device connection (107, 207) is detachably connected to the base body (105) by means of a connecting device (109). [5] Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the base body (105) has a guide means (211, 401), wherein the guide means (211, 401) has a guide geometry (401) corresponding to the lifting means (121), and the lifting means (121) is engaged with the guide means (211, 401) when the lifting means connection (107, 207) is pivoted from the mounting position to the lifting position, wherein the guide means (211, 401) mechanically supports the lifting means (121) on the base body (205) along the lifting axis (181) against tilting and / or buckling of the lifting means (121). [6] Lifting device according to claim 5, characterized by , that a locking means (481) is assigned to the guide means (211, 401), wherein the lifting means (121) can be fixed in the lifting position along the lifting axis (181) by means of the locking means (481). [7] Lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the base body (205) is associated with an indicator which is movable in particular along the axis of engagement (180), wherein the movable indicator has a fault position (491) and a safety position (493) and is moved from the fault position (491) to the safety position (493) by a mechanical interaction with the lifting engagement (171, 173) when the lifting connection (203) is fully engaged with the lifting engagement (171, 173). [8] Lifting device according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, characterized by, that the locking means (481) has a locking pin (481), wherein the guide means (211, 401) forms the indicator and at least one opening in the guide means for receiving the locking means (481) in the safety position (493) is aligned with at least one opening in the base body, so that the locking pin (481) can be guided through the respective openings exclusively in the safety position (493) of the indicator for fixing the lifting means (121) in the lifting position. [9] Lifting system comprising a lifting device (101) according to one of the preceding claims and an axially acting lifting means (121) that can be connected to or is connected to the lifting means connection (107, 207). [10] Lifting system according to claim 9, characterized by, that the lifting means (121) has a hydraulic cylinder, in particular a hydraulic lifting support (121), a spindle support, a threaded support and / or a hydraulic threaded support and / or in particular a quick-release fastener for detachably mechanically connecting the lifting means (121) to the lifting means connection (107, 207).

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