Ventilation grille

Abstract

A ventilation grille (100) is proposed comprising: - at least one plug-in louver (101) and at least one stabilizing louver (101'), wherein the at least one plug-in louver (101) has at least one plug-in tab (102) at one longitudinal end and at least one fixing lug (108) at the other longitudinal end, and the stabilizing louver (101') has a plug-in tab (102) at one longitudinal end; - a frame (103) with recesses (104) for the insertion of the plug-in tabs (102), wherein - the stabilizing louver (101') has a locking hook (107) and a fixing lug (108) at the longitudinal end opposite the plug-in tab (102), and at the longitudinal end of the plug-in tab (102) has a bending tab (109) which, in a bent form, cooperates with the frame (103) as a fixing.

Description

The invention relates to a ventilation grille according to claim 1.Ventilation grilles with a wide variety of designs of the grille are known. They are used in industrial buildings or other buildings with electrical engineering installations (e.g. transformers). In order to ensure adequate ventilation, in particular for electrical engineering installations, a certain free ventilation cross section must be present. High ventilation cross sections with a small amount of space are achieved by a delicate construction of the ventilation grille, whereby the same can easily be damaged and a time-consuming and cost-intensive repair and / or replacement of the grille is necessary. Furthermore, ventilation grilles that are so delicate are unstable and / or costly to install. Known lamellae are welded to the frame or frame and lamellae are manufactured from one part with a high material loss.JP S61-83 837 A proposes a blade device for a fan, wherein the blades are additionally stabilized by a frame with L-shaped profiles.A laminated grid having two parallel posts between which the individual laminations are fixed is defined in GB 2 178 159 A. The posts have guides into which the end pieces of the plates are inserted and fixed there by frictional engagement.CN 2 04 718 055 U describes a double-walled, adjustable air outlet with an anti-condensation function. Here, slats are arranged both vertically and horizontally in a frame, wherein the vertical slats are movable.JP S60-202 264 A defines a laminated grid for an exhaust gas ejector. In order to keep the exhaust gas flow as laminar as possible, the thermal expansion of the individual plates caused by the hot air flow is accommodated by the frame in which elongated holes are arranged.DE 31 31 223 A1 describes an intake or exhaust grille. The slats extend over the entire depth of a frame and each have a cross strut welded thereto. The lamellae have partial sections which form angles <80° with respect to one another and have cut-outs.The invention has for its object the corresponding improvement of the prior art.The object is achieved according to the invention by a ventilation grille according to claim 1.According to the invention, a ventilation grille is proposed comprising at least one plug-in slat and at least one stabilizing slat, wherein the at least one plug-in slat has at least one plug-in tab at one longitudinal end and at least one fixing tab at the other longitudinal end, and the stabilizing slat has a plug-in tab at one longitudinal end, a frame with apertures for the introduction of the plug-in tabs, wherein the stabilizing slat has a latching hook and a fixing tab at the longitudinal end opposite the plug-in tab and has a bending tab at the longitudinal end of the plug-in tab, which bending tab interacts with the frame in a bent form as a fixing.Due to the use of insertion blades, no entire grid as such has to be manufactured and exchanged in the event of damage. Furthermore, the use of bending lugs offers the advantage that only standard tools are required both during the assembly and during the exchange of individual lamellae.Namely, the stabilizing slat(s) advantageously serves to stabilize the frame by the bent-over bending tab, while the plug slat(s) is / are only inserted, but without undergoing a deformation during assembly. The bending or forming of the bending tab can be a plastic forming. Each plug-in lamella can have at least one plug-in tab at one longitudinal end and at least one fixing nose at the opposite longitudinal end. The plug-in lamella can only form plug connections with the frame. The plug-in tab(s) and / or fixing tab(s) serve this purpose. This serves for very simple assembly. However, the fixing nose can alternatively also bear in a supporting manner from the inside against the frame.Each stabilizing slat can have at least one plug-in tab and at least one bending tab at one longitudinal end and at least one latching hook and at least one fixing tab at the opposite longitudinal end. The stabilizing slat can form (a) plug connection(s) with the frame via the plug tab(s). The stabilizing slat can form (a) forming connection(s) with the frame via the bending tab(s). For this purpose, the corresponding bending tab is inserted into a recess and then bent. The bending may be a bending in the range of 45° to 90°. The stabilizing slat can form (a) hook connection(s) with the frame via the hook(s). The stabilizing slat can form (a) plug connection(s) with the frame via the plug tab(s).Plug tab(s), latching hooks, fixing tab(s) and / or bending tab(s) can be inserted or introduced into the recesses. The frame can be screwable. The omissions in the frame with the parts that can be introduced there allow the simple insertion of all plug-in blades and stabilizing blades, so that the ventilation grille can be pre-assembled. This simplifies the assembly. Air can flow through the ventilation grille in a flow direction.By means of the invention, an increase in the mechanical strength of the entire ventilation grille can be achieved with a simultaneous reduction in the assembly effort.According to a further development, the at least one plug-in lamella and / or stabilizing lamella can have an L- or V-shaped cross section. The L- or V-shaped cross section offers a guard against piloting with a sufficiently close arrangement, in that no rectilinear connection is possible from one side to the other through the ventilation grille.According to one variant, the ventilation grille comprises at least three stabilizing blades but at most five stabilizing blades. The use of at least three stabilizing blades permits stiffening of the overall construction both in the middle and at the respective ends. If ventilation gratings become unstable because of their size, they can be constructed in a robust manner by additional stabilizing blades. It has been found that five stabilizing blades are sufficient to construct a ventilation grille in a sufficiently stable manner.In a further variant, the ventilation grille comprises more plug-in blades than stabilizing blades. The ventilation grille preferably contains a higher number of plug-in blades, since these can be replaced particularly easily in the event of damage due to the type of connection thereof and can be mounted very easily.According to a further development, the frame, the at least one plug-in plate and the at least one stabilizing plate are made of metal. In addition to the many available production methods, metal offers an enormous high stability with good flexibility and good resistance to external loads such as vandalism and weathering. Furthermore, metal can be deformed sufficiently plastically so that the deformation of the bending tab is permanent. For disassembly, the bending tab can be bent back in a simple manner.In a further variant, the metal is galvanized. Galvanisation greatly increases weather resistance and may also offer aesthetic advantages depending on the design.According to a further development, the metal is powder-coated. For metals, whether galvanized or not, a powder coating can be applied for aesthetic reasons as well as corrosion protection reasons.A particularly advantageous variant provides first the galvanising and then the subsequent powder coating of the metal. This combines the above-mentioned advantages.According to a further variant, all the plug-in and stabilizing blades are connected to the frame exclusively in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner. The omission of additional connecting elements, such as, for example. Screws or rivets, between slats and frames, allow their mounting and / or replacement without the use of special work trains and with great time and cost savings. Furthermore, all thermal joining methods are thereby also avoided. Thermal input into the lamella and / or grid can undesirably distort the respective component. The variant enables the use of delicate components, since they do not have to withstand any heat during assembly.The ventilation grille can also have a water box with a drip lip. This ensures that in the event of water entering, such as, for example, in the case of heavy rain, this water can safely drain off again and thus prevents the object to be aerated from being impaired by moisture. Preferably, the height of the drip lip is 7 mm.The water box is exclusively connected, preferably riveted, to the frame in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner. This prevents possible damage to the anti-corrosion layer, which is essential in particular in this region with increased moisture, so that premature exchange of the part is ruled out.In another refinement, the bending tab has a greater length than the plug-in tab. The increased length makes possible a gentle bending, for example by turning over with the safety hammer, and damage to the coating, and thus damage to the corrosion protection, is avoided. Furthermore, the greater length provides a sufficient lever arm which permits bending in a force-preserving manner.According to a further development, the bending flaps have a length of 12 mm and / or a width of 4 mm. This allows, on the one hand, the space in the openings of the frame and the distance from the next slat to be fully used.In a development, the stabilizing lamella comprises two adjacent bending flaps. The embodiment with two adjacent bending lugs is particularly advantageous since the force exertion during bending is further reduced and the anti-corrosion coating is thus protected. The vicinity of the two bending tabs also serves to prevent rotation about the longitudinal axis of the stabilizing slat. The distance between the two bending flaps can be in the range from 0.5 mm to 20 mm; preferably in the range from 8 mm to 12 mm; more preferably 10 mm. In the undeformed state, the two adjacent bending tabs may extend in the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing slat. In the deformed state, both adjacent bending flaps can extend in the same or opposite directions. The same direction facilitates bending, since both bending lugs can be bent simultaneously. The opposite direction can serve for the anti-rotation means.It can furthermore be provided that the stabilizing blades have receptacles for fastening an expanded metal for the purpose of insect protection. The receptacles can be eyes. Insect protection is not only particularly advantageous for purely aesthetic and hygienic reasons, but also serves for protection, in particular if the object to be aerated contains open current-carrying parts.In one conceivable configuration, the expanded metal can represent an additional stabilizing element. Regions, in particular those to which it is fastened or lie between the fastenings, are designed to be particularly robust or flexurally rigid.According to a further development, the stabilizing blades can have a comb strip as a rotation protection. Although the shape of the blades already offers a protection against rotation for geometric reasons, it is particularly advantageous to stiffen the same with an additional element in the case of larger ventilation grille diameters.According to a further development, in the assembled state, the bending tab(s) is / are bent over with respect to the longitudinal extent of the stabilizing slat, preferably placed against the frame, but the plug tab and / or the latching hook and / or the fixing tab of the stabilizing slat extend in the longitudinal extent of the stabilizing slat. This particularly advantageous development ensures rapid assembly and replacement of individual slats, since only the bending or bending back of the bending flaps is necessary.According to another development, in the mounted state, the plug tab and / or the fixing nose of the plug slat extend in the longitudinal extent of the stabilizing slat. As a result, the plug-in blades can be mounted and changed in a particularly simple manner.In one conceivable configuration, the distance between adjacent plug-in blades and / or stabilizing blades can be in the range from 18 mm to 21 mm, preferably 19.5 mm. This serves for optimizing the flow while simultaneously ensuring a guard against pilot damage. The distance can lie in the vertical direction and be independent of the specific blade design (plug-in blade or stabilization blade). In a preferred manner, the frame of the ventilation grille is designed to be encircling. A quadrilateral frame promotes stability.A slat can be used in the ventilation grille, which slat has, in cross section, an inflow section, subsequently a middle section and subsequently an outflow section, wherein the inflow section and the outflow section enclose an angle with one another in the range from 90° to 130°, preferably from 105°. The angle may be a first angle. The sections can directly adjoin one another and / or impart a trapezoidal cross-sectional contour to the lamella. The sections can be arranged adjacent to one another in the flow direction. The blade may be referred to as a flow blade. Preferably, all the blades of the ventilation grille are flow blades.Such a blade has optimum flow properties and serves a free ventilation cross section in the range from 40% to 60%. The high ventilation cross section, in combination with a good resistance coefficient of the slat, increases the adjustability of the objects to be ventilated, since sufficient ventilation is already ensured with small ventilation surfaces and smaller designs are thus possible. Ventilation grilles of conventional design offer at most a free ventilation cross section of 30-40% and / or with a resistance coefficient (z) of the slat of 15 to 20 and worse. The lamella can have a resistance coefficient (z) in the range from 10 to 12, preferably 11.3, due to its geometric configuration.A slat with an air resistance optimized in this way reduces the ventilation surface requirement of a building or of a station. The ventilation requirement arises, for example, as a function of the transformers used or of an electrical installation and their power loss; the ventilation requirement also requires the respective housing class. With the slat, the ventilation area can be reduced, which results not only in the decrease of manufacturing and production costs, but also in the improvement of the positionability of the building. This naturally also relates to the accessible stations.The geometry of the lamella allows the manufacture by the tool. As a result, the louvers or grilles and doors comprising the louver(s) can be made with less material and at a reasonable price in a shorter time.Furthermore, the material outlay and the production costs of the fins can be reduced, since the improved flow properties reduce the required ventilation area. At the same time, the adjustability of the industrial buildings which have a ventilation grille provided with the slats can be improved. The adjustability is improved inter alia in that, due to the smaller ventilation surface, fewer regions, in particular the regions adjoining the ventilation surface, have to be kept free around the engineering building.The improved flow resistance allows the material requirement of fins to be reduced and thus material can be saved in the production of ventilation elements.The main advantages of the slat are the low pressure losses due to a very low flow resistance, caused by the geometry and the advantageous mullibility of the slat and the associated possibility of simple assembly.The slat may be a plug slat or a stabilizing slat. The lamella may have a depth in the range from 57 mm to 60 mm in the transverse direction. This serves for optimizing the flow. The lamella can have a total height in the range of 22 mm to 25 mm, preferably of 23.4 mm. This serves for optimizing the flow. The central portion may have a transverse depth in the range of 30 mm to 35 mm, preferably 32.7 mm. This serves for optimizing the flow. It is conceivable that the outflow section can have a depth in the range of 25 mm to 30 mm in the transverse direction, preferably of 26 mm. This serves for optimizing the flow. The total length of the lamella can be in the range from 200 mm to 2200 mm, preferably 672 mm, 872 mm or 1072 mm.According to a further development, an included angle between the inflow section and a perpendicular is between 50° and 70°, preferably 60°. This angle leads to an improved flow characteristic, since the air can flow away optimally via the central section. The angle may be a second angle.According to a further development, an included angle between the outflow section and a perpendicular is between 35° and 55°, preferably 45°. This angle leads to an improved flow characteristic, since the air can flow away in an optimum manner coming from the central section. The angle may be a third angle.According to a further development, the central section and / or the inflow section and / or the outflow section can extend in a straight line in cross section. This serves to improve flow and to make it easy to produce.According to a further development, the central section can extend parallel to an upper side and / or lower side of the frame in the mounting position. This serves to improve the flow.According to the invention, a ventilation grille is furthermore proposed, comprising at least one slat according to the disclosure and a frame. The frame may be a frame according to the disclosure. Furthermore, a door frame is proposed, comprising a ventilation grille according to the disclosure.Further features, details and advantages of the invention are evident from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments on the basis of the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ventilation grille, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the ventilation grille from the opposite direction, FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of two plug-in plates, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a stabilizing slat, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a stabilizing lamella, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a water box, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation grille; and FIG. 8 shows a detailed view from FIG. 7.In the figures, the same or corresponding elements are each denoted by the same reference numerals and will therefore not be described again unless appropriate. Features already described are not described again in order to avoid repetitions and can be applied to all elements with the same or mutually corresponding reference numerals, unless explicitly excluded. The disclosures contained in the entire description can be transferred analogously to identical parts with identical reference numerals or identical component names. The position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., also relates to the directly described and illustrated figure and, in the event of a change in position, is to be transferred analogously to the new position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent solutions according to the invention or solutions according to the invention per se.FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a perspective view of a ventilation grille 100 consisting of a circumferential frame 103 with openings 104, plug-in blades 101, stabilizing blades 101' and a water box 105. FIG. 2 shows a comb strip 111 which is fastened to the receptacles 110 of the stabilizing blades 101'.FIG. 3 shows two of the insertion plates 101, wherein they are each shown rotated by 180° in order to see both longitudinal ends in the front of the image. Two plug-in tabs 102 are shown on one longitudinal side and two fixing lugs 108 on the other longitudinal side. The plug-in lugs 102 and fixing lugs 108 are guided into corresponding recesses 104 in the frame 103 and are not bent over.FIGS. 4 and 5 each show a stabilizing lamella 101' in detail. This has two adjacent bending tabs 109 on one longitudinal side next to the plug-in tab 102. These are guided into the openings 104 of the frame 103 and, at the end of the assembly, the bending flaps 109 can be folded over with a protective hammer, whereby a force-fit and form-fit connection with this is achieved. Each bending flap 109 may have a length of 12 mm and a depth in the transverse direction of 4 mm. The distance between the bending flaps 109 can be 10 mm. A connecting region 112 can be present between the bending flaps 109. The connecting region can be at a distance of 10.5 mm from the free end of the bending lugs 109. On the opposite longitudinal side, the stabilizing slat 101' has a latching hook 107 and a fixing nose 108. The latching hook 107 is guided into a recess 104 in the frame 103, while the fixing nose 108 bears only against the frame 103. On a longitudinal side, the stabilizing lamella 101' additionally has receptacles 110.FIG. 6 shows in isolation a water box 105 which serves for collecting penetrated water. The drainage of the water is simplified by a drip lip 106.FIGS. 7 and 8 show a cross section of the ventilation grille 100. Flow lamellae 101" are also visible here. It can be seen that the adjacent lamellae 101, 101', 101" have a spacing in the range from 18 mm to 21 mm, wherein the spacing is present in the vertical direction H. Each of the plug-in blades 101 and stabilizing blades 101' is designed as a flow blade 101".Each flow lamella 101'' has in cross section an inflow section 113, subsequently a middle section 114 and subsequently an outflow section 115, wherein all these sections run in a straight line. The inflow section 113 and the outflow section 115 enclose a first angle W 1 with one another. The inflow section 113 encloses a second angle W 2 with a perpendicular S 1. The outflow section 115 encloses a third angle W 3 with a perpendicular S 2. In the illustrated mounting position, the central section 114 extends parallel to the upper side O of the frame 103.List of reference characters100 Ventilation grille 101 Plug-in slat 101' Stabilizing slat 101" Flow slat 102 Plug-in tab 103 Frame 104 Outlet 105 Water box 106 Drip lip 107 Latching hook 108 Fixing nose 109 Bending tab 110 Receptacle 111 Comb strip 112 Connecting region 113 Inflow section 114 Central section 115 Outflow section H Vertical direction Q Transverse direction L Longitudinal direction O Upper side S 1 Perpendicular S 2 Perpendicular S 3 Flow direction W 1 First angle W 2 Second angle W 3 Third angle

Claims

Ventilation grille (100) comprising, ▪ at least one plug-in slat (101) and at least one stabilizing slat (101'), wherein the at least one plug-in slat (101) has at least one plug-in tab (102) at one longitudinal end and at least one fixing tab (108) at the other longitudinal end and the stabilizing slat (101') has a plug-in tab (102) at one longitudinal end, ▪ a frame (103) with apertures (104) for inserting the plug-in tabs (102), ▪ wherein the stabilizing slat (101') has a latching hook (107) and a fixing tab (108) at the longitudinal end opposite the plug-in tab (102) and has a bending tab (109) at the longitudinal end of the plug-in tab (102), which cooperates in bent form with the frame (103) as a fixing.Ventilation grille (100) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one plug-in lamella (101) and / or stabilization lamella (101') has an L- or V-shaped cross section.Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byat least three stabilizing blades (101') but at most five stabilizing blades (101'), and / or wherein the ventilation grille (100) has more plug-in blades (101) than stabilizing blades (101').Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (103), the at least one plug-in lamella (101) and the at least one stabilization lamella (101') are produced from metal, the metal preferably being galvanized and / or powder-coated.Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the insertion and stabilization blades (101, 101') are connected to the frame (103) exclusively in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner.Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bending tab (109) has a greater length than the plug-in tab (102).Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stabilizing slat (101') comprises two adjacent bending tabs (109).Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stabilizing blades (101') have a comb strip (111) as a rotation protection.Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the assembled state, the bending tab(s) (109) is(are) bent over with respect to the longitudinal extent of the stabilizing slat (101'), preferably is(are) placed against the frame (103), but the plug tab (102) and / or the latching hook (107) and / or the fixing tab (108) of the stabilizing slat (101') extend in the longitudinal extent of the stabilizing slat (101').Ventilation grille (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the assembled state, the insertion tab (102) and / or the fixing nose (108) of the insertion slat (101) extend in the longitudinal extent of the stabilization slat (101').

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