Air outlets, as well as vehicles with such air outlets

Abstract

The invention relates to an air outlet (3) with a flow channel (4) and a number of pivot elements (8; 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d; 10a, 10b, 10c; 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d; 12a, 12b, 12c; 13a, 13b, 13c) in the region of the outlet opening (6). According to the invention, each pivot element has a transverse extension (y) oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction (x) and orthogonally to the axial direction (z), the extent of which is a function of its position in the axial direction. Furthermore, the number of pivot elements along the respective pivot axes (9a, 9b, 9c) in the axial direction are arranged and their extensions are designed such that the respective pivot elements interlock approximately flush in the central position and close the outlet opening. The extensions of the pivot elements in the transverse direction must be periodic functions of the position in the axial direction, e.g. chains of rhombuses.In the invention, the transverse extensions of the pivoting elements are not constant, but vary depending on their location along the axis. The ends of the pivoting elements, viewed approximately perpendicular to the air outlet, thus have a curved contour. This offers the particular advantage that the air exiting the outlet slots between adjacent pivoting elements is diffusely swirled differently at different locations along the axis. The air outlet according to the invention thus allows, in addition to influencing the quantity and direction of the exiting airflow, the formation of locally varying air turbulences in the manner of a diffuser, in a particularly advantageous way.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to air vents. These serve for the adaptable supply of air, e.g. fresh air from outside or tempered or dehumidified air from an air conditioning unit, into a mostly enclosed room. The air can be cold, warm, tempered, air-conditioned, dried, etc. as required. The aim is to ventilate the room, i.e. to control the direction and quantity of air introduced into the room. These rooms are often passenger cabins of various kinds, e.g. in elevators, clean room areas and means of passenger transport. Means of transport can be aircraft, boats, ships or land vehicles, in the latter case, for example, rail carriages, passenger cars, lorries, i.e. trucks, or buses. In aircraft and railway carriages, for example, an air vent is often installed above the head area of ​​the passengers in a cabin ceiling.In a car, a large number of air vents are often installed, for example in the instrument panel, in the so-called B-pillar between the front and rear doors, in a center console, in the rear and also in the roof area.

[0002] The present invention is based on an air vent with - a flow channel extending in a longitudinal direction through which air is guided from an inlet opening to an outlet opening and released into the environment, - a number of swivel elements in the area of ​​the outlet opening, each with a swivel axis, which - extend essentially side by side in an axial direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, are pivotable from a first deflected end position via a middle position into a second deflected end position and vice versa, and wherein the respective pivoting element - in the central position, closes the outlet opening in the area of ​​the respective pivoting element, and in the first or second deflected end position, deflects the air guided through the flow channel to one or the other side of the longitudinal plane defined by the longitudinal and axial directions,

[0003] The invention further relates to a vehicle, in particular a land vehicle, wherein the vehicle has boundary elements with boundary surfaces which at least partially enclose an interior space for at least one person, and wherein at least one air vent is arranged in at least one of the boundary elements such that the outlet opening of the air vent forms part of the boundary surface of the boundary element.

[0004] Air vents and vehicles of the aforementioned types are well known. Such air vents are widely used in vehicles. These can be aircraft, ships or land vehicles, in the latter case, for example, railway carriages, cars, trucks or buses. In aircraft, for example, they are often installed above the passengers, in cars in the instrument or dashboard, in a body pillar, e.g. an A, B or C pillar, in a center console, in the rear of a car even in the roof area, etc. Air vents are often required to fulfill various functions. On the one hand, the air flow supply should be closable. Furthermore, the direction in which the air vents emit the air flow should be adjustable.

[0005] An air vent of the aforementioned type is known from WO 2020 / 204056 A1. In the air blower device therein, a flap is arranged in a rectangular air outlet. Both elements extend across the width of the vehicle below a windshield (Y-axis direction). The flap is pivotally mounted via a rotating shaft that runs in the Y-axis direction through the center of the air outlet. When the flap is closed, its ends rest against a front and rear end of the air outlet. In an open position, the rear and front ends of the flap are located below and above the outlet, respectively. If the angle of rotation of the flap is small, the air is blown onto the faces of the vehicle occupants. If the angle of rotation of the flap is large, the air is directed upwards onto the windshield at the front end of the flap.

[0006] The air vent known from WO 2020 / 204056 A1 has a number of disadvantages. For example, when the flap is opened slightly, the air flow is directed specifically onto the faces of the occupants, particularly those in the front seats of the vehicle. This can be perceived as unpleasant by these occupants. If the speed of the air flow is reduced in order to reduce the blowing effect, there is a risk that air exchange in the rear area of ​​the vehicle will be restricted. If the air flow is directed onto the windshield, for example, when the flap is opened larger, there is a risk that the inside of the windshield will only be defrosted in certain areas or in strips. In particular, areas of the windshield located at the transition from the vehicle's instrument panel to the lower end of the windshield may not be defrosted at all or may only be defrosted with a delay.Finally, the known air vent is seen as a risk that noticeable flow noises may be produced when the air is discharged, particularly due to the straight line of the end of the flap which is in an open position above the outlet and which can extend across the width of the vehicle in the manner of an edge.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to create an air vent that allows for less direct air discharge. The object is also seen in creating a vehicle with a less direct ventilation system.

[0008] The object is achieved by an air vent having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the air vent according to the invention are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 10. According to independent claim 11, the invention also relates to a vehicle with air vents in the interior, in which at least one air vent is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10.

[0009] According to the invention, the air vent is characterized in that the respective pivoting element has an extension in a transverse direction oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction and orthogonally to the axial direction, which extension is a function of the location in the axial direction. Furthermore, the number of pivoting elements is arranged along the respective pivot axes in the axial direction, and their extensions in the transverse direction are configured such that the respective pivoting elements engage approximately flush with one another in the central position and close the outlet opening.

[0010] In the invention, the extensions of the pivoting elements in the transverse direction are not constant over the entire length of the air vent in the axial direction, but vary depending on the location along the axial direction. The invention therefore has the particular advantage that the ends of the pivoting elements have a curved contour in the axial direction, i.e. viewed approximately transversely to the air outlet. In contrast to the prior art cited above, the air flow does not exit the flow channel along a straight, cut-like edge. Rather, this outlet contour has both regions that are closer to the pivot axis, since the pivoting element has a smaller extension in the transverse direction at this point, and regions that are further away from the pivot axis, since the pivoting element has a greater extension in the transverse direction at this point.

[0011] Furthermore, according to the invention, the opposing edges of adjacent pivoting elements are advantageously curved in opposite directions so that they engage approximately flush with each other in the center position of the pivoting elements. This closes the outlet opening and prevents the escape of an air stream from the flow channel, provided the pivoting elements arranged in the area of ​​an outlet opening are in the center position.

[0012] The inventive design of the pivoting elements offers the particular advantage that the air exiting the outlet slots between adjacent pivoting elements is diffusely swirled with locally varying degrees of turbulence along the axial direction. Thus, in addition to influencing the quantity and direction of the exiting air flow, the air vent according to the invention also enables, in a particularly advantageous manner, the formation of locally varying air swirls in the manner of a diffuser. This achieves an irregular distribution of the exiting air over larger volume areas in the vicinity of the air vent. In contrast to the aforementioned prior art, the formation of a uniform wedge of exiting air across the axial direction is prevented. The invention also results in a reduction in the noise occurring when the air exits.In particular, the airflow is perceived as more pleasant by people in the vicinity of the air vent with the invention. When air is directed onto the inside of windshields, for example, the air vent according to the invention also allows for larger, more harmonious defrosting surfaces across the windshield.

[0013] The sequence of areas with smaller and larger extensions on one side of a pivot element as a function of the location in the axial direction can fundamentally be irregular. In a further embodiment of the invention, the extensions of the pivot elements in the transverse direction can be periodic functions of the location in the axial direction. This has the advantage that the pivot elements can represent regularly recurring sequences of flat, basic geometric shapes, particularly when viewed from above in a central position, i.e. in a plane formed by the axial and transverse directions. According to the invention, adjacent pivot elements are arranged offset relative to one another along the respective pivot axes in such a way that the respective pivot elements engage with one another almost flush in the central position and can close the outlet opening.

[0014] Thus, in this embodiment, the extensions of the pivot elements in the transverse direction can, for example, form periodic chains of diamonds or hexagons along the axial direction. In a further embodiment, the extensions can also form periodic chains of elements, in which each of the successive elements has, for example, a larger and a smaller extension in the transverse direction. Thus, in further embodiments, the extensions of the respective pivot elements in the axial direction can, for example, form periodic chains of elements, each consisting of a hexagon and a longitudinal web, or having periodically successive regions with approximately sinusoidal extensions and constrictions.Here, too, according to the invention, adjacent pivoting elements are arranged offset relative to one another along the respective parallel pivot axes such that adjacent pivoting elements engage with one another in the center position almost flush with one another and close the outlet opening. For example, a hexagon or a sinusoidal extension of a pivoting element engages with the longitudinal web or the sinusoidal constrictions of an adjacent pivoting element almost flush with one another. In addition to the aforementioned embodiments, other periodic chains are also possible, for example, with more than two elements that form a related group of recurring elements.

[0015] The outlet opening is the end of the air vent. The air released into the environment via the outlet opening can be cold, warm, tempered, air-conditioned, dried, etc. as required. The number of pivoting elements arranged in an outlet opening can be determined as required. In individual cases, it may be sufficient to have just one pivoting element. In many cases, several pivoting elements are present. The pivoting elements are usually arranged next to one another in a transverse direction oriented orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and orthogonal to the axial direction. In particular, the pivot axes of the pivoting elements run parallel to one another. A single pivoting element closes the outlet opening only in the area in which the respective pivoting element is located. The entire outlet opening can be closed by the combination of one or more pivoting elements.

[0016] The first angle, through which the pivoting elements are pivoted from the respective center position when transferring to the respective first deflected end position, is generally at least 40°, often at least 60°, and sometimes even 80° or more. In extreme cases, the first angle can be up to 90°. Corresponding value ranges are possible for the second angle, through which the pivoting elements are pivoted from the respective center position when transferring to the respective second deflected end position. The two angles are usually the same, but can also have different values.

[0017] The pivoting of the pivoting elements can be done manually or with the help of motorized drive means, and can be done individually, in groups, or for all pivoting elements in an outlet opening together. In the case of group pivoting, for example, two groups can be formed. This makes it possible to pivot one group of pivoting elements towards the first deflected end position and the other group of pivoting elements towards the second deflected end position, thus realizing both flow directions simultaneously. In the case of group-wise or joint pivoting, the corresponding pivoting elements can also be mechanically coupled to one another, for example via connecting rods that can be operated manually or by motor.

[0018] In a particularly advantageous further embodiment of the invention, a number of pivoting elements can be pivoted individually or in groups in the transverse and / or axial direction by means of motorized drive means. This enables dynamic, separate control of individual or a number of pivoting elements, for example, coupled via connecting rods.

[0019] The result of such control of the swivel elements as a whole can, for example, be constant. For example, at a time t1, number 1 of four swivel elements is opened. At a time t2, which is after time t1, number 2 of four swivel elements is then opened. At a time t3, which is after time t2, number 3 of four swivel elements is then opened. Finally, at a time t4, which is after time t3, number 4 of four swivel elements is also opened. As a result, after such an exemplary dynamic control has been completed, all swivel elements are opened simultaneously. The dynamic control can then also run in the reverse order until all swivel elements are closed again.

[0020] The result can also vary, both in terms of the extent and the direction of the opening of one or more pivoting elements. For example, at a time t1, number 1 of four pivoting elements can be opened. At a time t2, which is after time t1, number 2 is also opened. However, at a time t3, which is after time t2, number 1 is closed again and number 3 is opened at the same time. At a time t4, which is after time t3, number 4 is opened and number 2 is closed at the same time. At a time t5, which is after time t4, number 3 is closed again. At a time t6, which is after time t5, number 4 is also closed again. The entire process can then be repeated either in the same order or in reverse order. In this example, two of four pivoting elements are always open.

[0021] It is also possible to dynamically control individual or groups of swivel elements to deflect the outflowing air in one direction at one time and then in the other at a later time. This makes it possible to "wave" or fan the airflow at the outlet opening.

[0022] For example, if pivoting elements are pivoted in a temporal sequence in the transverse and / or axial direction, a movement pattern can occur that can be perceived by an observer as a type of "Mexican wave". This can pass through the pivoting elements located in an outlet opening, for example, either linearly in the transverse or axial direction, or two-dimensionally combined in the transverse and axial directions across the surface of the outlet opening. In this particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, almost any "opening and closing pattern" can be realized with the help of the separate motor drive means. The introduction and distribution of air, for example into the interior of a vehicle, can thus be individually adjusted and optimized to the respective existing interior dimensions and the respective spatial layout.

[0023] According to the above explanations, in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the air vent is designed such that a number of pivoting elements are arranged next to one another in the outlet opening in the transverse direction, each with approximately parallel pivot axes, and can be pivoted transversely in a time sequence by means of the drive means, in particular from the central position to the first or second deflected end position and from there back to the central position. An observer can perceive such movement patterns of the pivoting elements as a type of one-dimensional wave of pivots in the transverse direction, i.e., the +y direction.

[0024] According to the above explanations, in a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the air vent can also be designed such that a number of pivoting elements are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction and can be pivoted in the axial direction along the respective pivot axis by means of the drive means in a chronological sequence, in particular from the central position to the first or second deflected end position and from there back to the respective central position. An observer can perceive such movement patterns of the pivoting elements as a type of one-dimensional wave of pivoting in the axial direction, i.e., the +z direction.

[0025] Advantageously, the pivoting movements in the transverse direction, i.e., the +y direction, and the pivoting movements in the axial direction, i.e., the +z direction, can also be superimposed. An observer can perceive such movement patterns of the pivoting elements as a kind of two-dimensional wave of pivoting movements, which traverses the pivoting elements in the outlet opening in a diagonal direction. Further examples of wave-like pivoting movements of the pivoting elements, which can also be described as a kind of "Mexican wave," will be explained in more detail below using the figures as examples.

[0026] In the air vent according to the invention, the deflection of the respective pivoting element and the deflection of the corresponding airflow always occur in opposite directions. If the respective pivoting element is deflected to the left, the corresponding airflow is deflected to the right, and vice versa. The same applies, of course, to the direction pairs front / back and top / bottom, where applicable.

[0027] In contrast to the prior art, in the present invention, the air flow is initially deflected to a considerable extent in the opposite direction as the pivoting elements begin to deflect from the center position toward one or the other end position. However, the extent gradually decreases the further the respective pivoting elements are deflected toward the respective deflected end position. According to the invention, this is achieved by the transverse extension of the pivoting elements, which depends on their location in the axial direction, and the resulting particularly advantageous diffusion or turbulence of the air flow in the environment outside the outlet opening.

[0028] In the air vent according to the invention, the air guided through the flow channel is deflected, both in the first deflected end position of the respective pivoting element and in the second deflected end position of the respective pivoting element, on the side of the pivoting element that faces the flow channel in the center position of the respective pivoting element. Preferably, in the center position of the respective pivoting element, the respective pivoting element can be arranged centrally with respect to the longitudinal plane. This configuration facilitates a symmetrical design of the air vent.

[0029] In a further embodiment, in the middle position the respective pivoting element can be arranged according to the respective pivot axis as seen in the longitudinal direction. The pivot axis is thus shifted into the flow channel of the air outlet, i.e. in the direction of the incoming air flow. This makes it possible to ensure that the respective pivoting element is located completely or at least predominantly on the other side of the longitudinal plane in the first deflected end position with respect to the longitudinal plane, and completely or at least predominantly on one side of the longitudinal plane in the second deflected end position with respect to the longitudinal plane. The effect can be that the pivoting elements do not protrude beyond the outlet opening even when pivoting, particularly with suitable coordination of the width of the pivoting element and the distance of the pivot axis from the outlet opening.

[0030] In a further embodiment of the invention, in the middle position of the respective pivot element, the respective pivot element has a convex profile as viewed from the flow channel in the longitudinal direction. Particularly advantageously, in the middle position, the underside of the respective pivot element facing the incoming air flow in the direction of the flow channel can be V-shaped or curved like a lens. This design has aerodynamic advantages. With increasing deflection of the pivot elements from the middle position towards one or the other end position, the diffusion or turbulence of the air flow in the environment outside the outlet opening when air exits from the outlet openings is further improved by such a raised surface profiling on the underside of the respective pivot element.In particular, a swirling of the air is particularly advantageously initiated before it exits the air outlet as it slides past the undersides of the pivoting elements.

[0031] According to the invention, in the middle position of the respective pivoting element, the extension of the respective pivoting element in the transverse direction, i.e. in the ±y direction, seen over the length of the pivot axis, i.e. in the z direction, is a function of the respective location on the z axis. The function according to which the extension of the respective pivoting element varies in the transverse direction can in particular be a periodic function of the location in the axial direction. For example, the respective pivoting element can form several successive geometric contours that are similar to one another. The contours can be, for example, honeycombs, wave-shaped patterns, diamonds, triangles, etc. The contours can follow one another at a selected distance from one another or follow one another directly without a distance. In the case of honeycombs, the end regions of the honeycombs facing one another can alternatively be a corner or an edge of the corresponding honeycomb.

[0032] In a further embodiment of the invention, the pivoting elements can each have a deflection and locking element and a central web, wherein, in the center position of the respective pivoting element, the respective deflection and locking element extends in the axial and transverse directions, and the respective central web extends in the longitudinal and axial directions. Thus, the pivoting elements essentially have a T-shape or a spoon-shaped configuration when viewed in cross-section. This improves the mechanical stability of the pivoting elements.

[0033] The object is further achieved by a vehicle having the features of claim 11. According to the invention, at least one air vent in a vehicle is designed as an air vent according to the invention.

[0034] Further advantages and details will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. They show, in schematic form, the following: Fig. 1 an exemplary vehicle with limiting elements, Fig. 2 an example of a boundary element with an air outlet, Fig. 3 is a perspective top view of a first embodiment of an air vent according to the invention, in which three pivoting elements are arranged in the outlet opening, Fig. 4 a section through the air vent according to the invention of Fig. 3 in an operating position in which the swivel elements in the outlet opening assume a central position and close it, Fig. 5 a section through the air vent according to the invention of the Fig. 3 in an operating position in which the pivoting elements in the outlet opening assume a first deflected end position and deflect the air to one side of the longitudinal plane, Fig. 6 a section through the air vent according to the invention of the Fig. 3 in an operating position in which the swivel elements in the outlet opening assume a second deflected end position and deflect the air to the other side of the longitudinal plane, Fig. 7-10 exemplary contours of swivel elements, Fig. 7 a plan view of three exemplary pivoting elements, each representing periodic chains of elongated symmetrical rhombuses, Fig. 8 a plan view of three exemplary swivel elements, each representing chains of periodically arranged, regular hexagons, Fig. 9 a plan view of three exemplary pivoting elements, each representing chains of elements each formed from a regular hexagon and a central web, Fig. 10 a plan view of three exemplary pivoting elements, each of which has periodically successive regions with sinusoidal expansions and constrictions. Fig. 11 a plan view of an outlet opening with, for example, four pivoting elements arranged parallel to one another in the closed central position, Fig. 12-14 each show a plan view of an outlet opening of Fig. 11, wherein individual pivoting elements assume increasing opening angles in the transverse direction in a temporal sequence in the direction of the first deflected end position, Fig. 15 a plan view of an outlet opening of Fig. 11, wherein all pivoting elements assume a first deflected end position, Fig. 16 a plan view of an outlet opening with, for example, four pivoting elements arranged parallel to one another in the closed central position, Fig. 17-19 each show a plan view of an outlet opening of Fig. 16, wherein individual pivoting elements assume increasing opening angles in the transverse direction in a temporal sequence in the direction of the second deflected end position, Fig. 20 a plan view of an outlet opening of Fig. 16, wherein all pivoting elements assume a second deflected end position, Fig. 21 a plan view of an outlet opening with, for example, four rows of swivel elements arranged parallel to one another, which form three simultaneously driven groups in the transverse direction, Fig. 22-24 a section through the outlet opening of Fig. 21, wherein the pivoting elements of a middle group assume a second deflected end position, the closed middle position and a first deflected end position, Fig. 25-28 each show a perspective top view of the outlet opening of Fig. 21, wherein the swivel elements of individual groups assume opening angles increasing in the axial direction in a temporal sequence in the direction of the first deflected end position, Fig. 29-33 each show a plan view of the outlet opening of Fig. 21, wherein the pivoting elements of individual groups assume increasing opening angles in both the transverse and axial directions in the direction of the first deflected end position.

[0035] Fig. Figure 1 shows an example vehicle with boundary elements, e.g., a passenger car. The boundary elements enclose an interior space for at least one person. In the case of a ship or an aircraft, the boundary elements can be, for example, components of the hull that enclose a passenger cabin. In the case of a land vehicle, e.g., a railway carriage, the boundary elements can be carriage walls or compartment walls. In a truck, the boundary elements can be a driver's cab.

[0036] In the example of Fig. 1, in which the vehicle is a passenger car, boundary elements are vehicle components that enclose an interior 1d around a passenger compartment or are arranged therein. The boundary elements have surfaces that delimit the interior. In particular, these surfaces can face passengers located in the interior 1d. Fig. 1, the boundary elements 1a, 1b, 1c are body components, e.g., a so-called A-, B-, or C-pillar, which enclose an interior 1d around a passenger compartment, and the boundary element 1f, e.g., is an instrument panel at the front of the vehicle below a windshield 1e. The footwell, as well as surfaces of the roof and vehicle doors facing the interior, can also have boundary elements. Air vents are arranged in a boundary element in such a way that their outlet openings form part of the boundary surface of the respective boundary element and face the interior.

[0037] This is illustrated by the example of Fig. 2 is explained by way of example. This shows a section of an instrument panel as an exemplary boundary element 1f in the front area of ​​the interior 1d of a vehicle 1. An exemplary air vent 3 is embedded in a section of the boundary surface 2 of the boundary element 1f. The cover 3a of the air vent 3, which encloses an outlet opening 6 for an air flow 5, rests on the upper side 2a of the boundary surface 2 of the boundary element 1f and faces the interior 1d of the vehicle. In the example of Fig. 2, components of the air vent 3 located in the instrument panel, e.g., the flow channel 4 and the inlet opening 7 for the air flow 5, are shown with dashed lines. The air flow 5 exiting the outlet opening 6 of the air vent 3 can be directed toward the inside of a partially depicted, inclined windshield 1e or toward persons positioned behind it in the interior 1d.

[0038] For an exemplary explanation of the invention, a longitudinal direction x, which largely coincides with the flow direction of the air 5 inside the air outlet 3, as well as a transverse direction y and an axial direction z are used below. These directions are already shown in Fig. 2 is shown schematically. A longitudinal plane 10 is also defined by the longitudinal direction x and axial direction z, to which reference is made below. In addition, the plane of the outlet opening 6 enclosed by the cover 3a is defined by the transverse and axial directions yz. A number of pivoting elements 8 designed according to the invention are arranged in the region of the outlet opening 6. Each pivoting element has a pivot axis which, in the following figures, runs in the axial direction z. The respective pivot axis 9 defines a respective axial direction z. The respective axial direction z runs at least substantially, and usually even exactly, orthogonal to the longitudinal direction x. The axial directions z run parallel to one another. To complete a three-dimensional coordinate system, a transverse direction y is also defined. The transverse direction y is oriented both orthogonal to the longitudinal direction x and orthogonal to the respective axial direction z.Below, small coordinate crosses are assigned to the individual figures to illustrate the orientation of the respective representation.

[0039] The directions and courses mentioned above are merely examples and serve to facilitate the following explanation of the invention. In other embodiments, the directions may be chosen or designated differently without changing the subject matter of the invention.

[0040] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of an air vent 3 according to the invention in a perspective top view. This comprises, for example, a number of three pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c in the area of ​​the outlet opening 6, which are pivotable about a respective pivot axis 9a, 9b, 9c. The pivot axes run, for example, in the axial direction z and are arranged approximately parallel to one another. However, the number of three pivoting elements is only chosen as an example and can be larger or smaller in each individual case. Thus, the number can be ONE, but can also be considerably larger. In the example of the Fig. 21 a number of TWELVE pivoting elements 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d are shown.

[0041] Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 each show a sectional view and a detail view through the air vent 3 according to the invention of the Fig. 3 in an xy plane. The three swivel elements are each in different operating positions. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows the air vent according to the invention in an operating position, in which the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c assume a central position in the outlet opening 6 and close it. Fig. 5, the air outlet 3 is in an operating position in which the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c in the outlet opening 6 assume a first deflected end position and deflect the air to one side of the longitudinal plane 10. This is directed to the right in the plane of the drawing. Fig. 6, the air outlet 3 is finally in an operating position in which the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c in the outlet opening 6 assume a second deflected end position and deflect the air to the other side of the longitudinal plane 10. This is directed to the left in the plane of the drawing.

[0042] The air outlet 3 in the example of Fig. 3 to 6 has a flow channel 4 which extends in a longitudinal direction x. As a result, air 5 is introduced into the e.g. Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shown operating positions of the air vent 3 from an inlet opening 7 to an outlet opening 6 and there released into the environment of the air vent 3, e.g. supplied to the interior 1d of the vehicle 1.

[0043] According to another example, Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, additional louvres 4a can be arranged in the flow channel 4. These louvres are rotatable in an xz plane via pivot bearings 4b on the inside of the flow channel 4, so that in addition to the deflection of the air flow 5 by the pivot elements 8 in the transverse direction y, a further deflection of the air flow in the axial direction z is possible.

[0044] In the example of Fig. 3 to 6, a frame-shaped cover 3a of the air vent 3, which surrounds the outlet opening 6, rests on a boundary surface via its underside 3a2, e.g. on the upper side 2a of the boundary surface 2 of the vehicle 1. The outlet opening 6 is located in the upper side 3a1 of the cover 3a. If one of the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c is in the center position, the respective pivoting element closes the outlet opening 6 in the area of ​​the respective pivoting element 8. If all pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c are in the center position, as in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the pivoting elements 8 in their entirety close the entire outlet opening 6 and advantageously cover the boundary surface flush with their outer sides 8e as evenly as possible.

[0045] According to the invention, the exemplary pivoting elements 6a, 6b, 6c have extensions ±y in a transverse direction oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction x and orthogonally to the axial direction z, which are a function of the location in the axial direction z. This results in the example of Fig. 3 to 6 show zigzag edges of the pivot elements in the axial direction z. Thus, the pivot element 8a has zigzag edges 8a1, 8a2 in the axial direction z on one or the other side of the associated pivot axis 9a. Correspondingly, the pivot elements 8b and 8c have zigzag edges 8b1, 8b2 and 8c1, 8c2 in the axial direction z on one or the other side of the respective pivot axes 9b and 9c.

[0046] Furthermore, according to the invention, the number of pivoting elements along the respective pivot axes in the axial direction are arranged and their extensions are designed such that the respective pivoting elements engage with each other in the central position in an approximately flush manner and close the outlet opening.

[0047] In the example of the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c are arranged along the respective pivot axes 9a, 9b, 9c in the axial direction z in such a way and their extensions in the transverse direction y are each designed such that the respective pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c engage with one another in an approximately flush manner in the central position and close the outlet opening 6. In this way, a type of offset occurs between the edge 8a2 of the pivoting element 8a and the edge 8b1 of the adjacent pivoting element 8b, so that these pivoting elements engage with one another in an approximately flush manner. An approximately zigzag-shaped outlet slot 6b located therebetween is thus closed and thus also the outlet opening in this area. Accordingly, a type of offset occurs between the edge 8b2 of the pivoting element 8b and the edge 8c1 of the adjacent pivoting element 8c, so that these pivoting elements also engage with one another in an approximately flush manner.An outlet slot 6c located in between, also approximately zigzag-shaped, is thus closed and thus the outlet opening in this area.

[0048] If the inner edges, which delimit the outlet opening 6 on all sides, also have correspondingly shaped and, in particular, suitably positioned zigzag-shaped areas in the axial direction, the outlet opening 6 can also be completely closed. This is shown in the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. In the example, the Fig. 3, the edge 8a1 of the pivoting element 8a engages positively with the adjacent inner edge of the outlet opening 6, so that the outlet slot 6a located therebetween is also closed. Furthermore, in the example of the Fig. 3 the edge 8c2 of the pivoting element 8c fits positively into the adjacent inner edge of the outlet opening 6, so that the outlet slot 6d located therebetween is also closed.

[0049] According to another example, Fig. In the embodiment already illustrated in Figures 3 to 6, the pivot elements 8a, 8b, 8c are each formed from double rows of hexagons, through whose respective centers the respective pivot axis runs approximately in the axial direction z. Thus, the pivot element 8a has two nested double rows 8a11, 8a12 of, in particular, trough-shaped hexagons, and the associated pivot axis 9a runs approximately symmetrically in the middle between them. The pivot elements 8b and 8c are constructed accordingly.

[0050] According to another example, Fig. 3 to 6, the respective pivoting element 8a, 8b, 8c in the central position from the flow channel 4 in the longitudinal direction x, particularly as seen on the inner sides 8d, has a convex shape. It is particularly advantageous if the respective pivoting element 8a, 8b, 8c is bent in a V-shape or curved like a lens in the direction of the flow channel 4 as seen on the inner sides 8d of the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c. This improves the turbulence of air passing by when the outlet slots are open and its diffusion in the environment after exiting the outlet opening in one direction or the other. This is explained below using the example of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 will be explained in more detail.

[0051] Starting from the center position, the swivel elements can be swiveled in one direction up to a first deflected end position. Fig. Figure 5 shows the state in which the pivoting elements assume an absolute opening angle of, for example, 45 degrees relative to the transverse direction y. In this end position, the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c deflect the air 5 guided through the flow channel 4 with respect to a longitudinal plane 10 to one side of the longitudinal plane 10. In the plane of the sheet of Fig. 5 predominantly to the right. Starting from the center position, the pivoting elements can also be pivoted in the opposite direction to a second deflected end position. Fig. 6 shows the state in which the pivoting elements also assume an absolute opening angle of, for example, 45 degrees relative to the transverse direction y. In this end position, the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c deflect the air 5 guided through the flow channel 4 with respect to a longitudinal plane 10 to the other side of the longitudinal plane 10. In the plane of the sheet of Fig. 6 predominantly to the left.

[0052] The pivoting elements 8 can also be pivoted from the first deflected end position through the middle position to the second deflected end position and vice versa. Furthermore, the pivoting elements 8 can also be set to any intermediate position between the first deflected end position and the second deflected end position. In the simplest case, the pivoting elements 8 are all pivoted together and in the same way. This case is Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. However, it is also possible to pivot the pivoting elements 8 individually or in groups. The pivoting itself can be done manually or by motor. A possible coupling of several pivoting elements 8 can be achieved, for example, by connecting rods. According to the Fig. 4 to 6, the pivoting elements 8 can be pivoted from the center position by an angle of approximately 45° each until they reach the first or second deflected end position. The angle of 45° is exemplary. This angle can also be smaller or larger. The angle is usually not smaller than 40°. It is often larger than 45° and can be up to 90°. For example, the angle can be 60°, 70°, 80°, or 85°.

[0053] For example, in the Fig. 4 to 6, the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c each have an inner side 8d facing the flow channel 4 and an outer side 8e facing the surroundings of the air outlet 3. In the middle position of Fig. 4, the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c are completely facing the flow channel 4 with their inner sides 8d and are oriented both in the transverse direction y and orthogonally to the longitudinal direction x. In the first and second deflected end positions of the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the air 5 guided through the flow channel 4 is deflected to one or the other side on the respective inner sides 8d of the respective pivoting element.

[0054] According to the invention, the extension of the pivoting elements in a transverse direction y oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction x and orthogonally to the axial direction z is a function of the location in the axial direction z. This was explained above using the example of Fig. 3. This design has the particular advantage that the air does not glide laminarly past the inner sides of the pivoting elements, which are pivoted in an opening direction to one side or the other of the longitudinal plane xz, and is deflected. Rather, slight turbulence is generated at the irregular edges of the pivoting elements running in the axial direction z. The air flow escaping into the environment is thus diffusely mixed.

[0055] This particularly advantageous effect of the invention is in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 using the example of the outlet slot 6b between the edge 8a2 of the pivoting element 8a and the edge 8b1 of the pivoting element 8b. In this area, the supply air flow 5 is divided into three partial air flows 5a, 5b, 5c. These are Fig. 5 to one side to the right and in Fig. 6 to the other side to the left. The course of the edges of the pivoting elements 8a, 8b, 8c when pivoting between the first deflected end position in Fig. 5 and the second deflected end position in Fig. 6 are each symbolized by dashed circular arcs.

[0056] This is how Fig. 5 when the air 5 enters the outlet slot 6b, a first turbulence of the exemplary partial air flow 5c occurs at the irregular, in the axial direction z in particular zigzag-shaped course of the edge 8b1 of the pivoting element 8b.

[0057] Furthermore, the air flow is deflected to the right via the underside 8b of the pivoting element 8a in the form of the exemplary partial air flow 5b. Since the pivoting element 8a, according to a further embodiment of the invention, is additionally bent in a V-shape or bulged like a lens on the inner side 8d, this achieves further internal mixing of the air flow. As the air flow exits into the outer area above the illustrated air vent 3, the irregular, particularly zigzag-shaped, shape of the edge 8a2 of the pivoting element 8a in the axial direction z contributes to the turbulence of the exemplary partial air flow 5a.

[0058] Accordingly, in Fig. 6 When the air 5 enters the outlet slot 6b, a first turbulence of the exemplary partial air flow 5c occurs at the irregular, in particular zigzag-shaped, course of the edge 8a2 of the pivoting element 8a in the axial direction z. The air flow is then deflected to the left via the underside 8b of the pivoting element 8b in the form of the exemplary partial air flow 5b. Since the pivoting element 8b, according to a further embodiment of the invention, is additionally bent in a V-shape or curved like a lens on the inner side 8d, this achieves further internal mixing of the air flow. When the air flow exits into the outer region above the illustrated air outlet 3, the irregular, in particular zigzag-shaped course of the edge 8b1 of the pivoting element 8b in the axial direction z contributes to the turbulence of the exemplary partial air flow 5a.

[0059] Thus, the invention can, on the one hand, achieve a deflection of the air flow 5, particularly in the direction of the exemplary partial air flow 5a. At the same time, however, a diffuse, large-volume fanning out of air components, represented by the exemplary partial air flow 5b, is also achieved.

[0060] Contrary to the prior art, in the invention the contours of the pivoting elements are not constant in the axial direction z. Rather, the extension of the respective pivoting element 8 in the transverse direction y is, according to the invention, a function of the location in the axial direction z, i.e. the extension of the pivoting elements in the transverse direction y depends on the location in the axial direction z at which the extension is viewed. In addition, adjacent pivoting elements in the transverse direction y are coordinated with one another in such a way that the outlet opening 6 located therebetween is closed in the central position of the pivoting elements. All Fig. The embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 3 to 33 are developed in this way.

[0061] In principle, a variety of shapes are possible for the contours of the pivoting elements, as long as the basic conditions are met, i.e., the closure of the outlet opening 6 when the pivoting elements 8 are in the center position, and a deflection of the air 5 when the pivoting elements 8 are pivoted into the first or second deflected end position. In many cases, the shape is also a periodic function of the location in the axial direction, e.g.

[0062] Based on the Fig. 7 to 10, exemplary possible configurations of the contours of the pivoting elements are explained below. Fig. 7, the contours form a sequence of diamonds. According to Fig. 8 the contours form a sequence of honeycombs.

[0063] Immediately adjacent honeycombs are adjacent to each other with edges. Fig. 9, the contours also form a sequence of honeycombs. Directly adjacent honeycombs face each other with one corner and are spaced apart by narrow central bars. Fig. 7 to 10 each show a plan view of three parallel rows of exemplary pivot elements arranged offset one inside the other, each with a pivot axis 9a, 9b, 9c running in the middle.

[0064] This shows Fig. 7 a plan view of three parallel exemplary pivot elements 10a, 10b, 10c, which in the axial direction z each represent periodic chains of elongated symmetrical rhombuses. The rhombuses have outer tips 10a1 in the regions with the greatest extent in the transverse direction y, and inner constrictions 10a2 in the regions with the smallest extent in the transverse direction y. The constrictions advantageously lie on the respective pivot axis. According to the invention, the pivot elements 10a, 10b, 10c are arranged offset from one another and have such a regular contour that the tips of one pivot element engage approximately flush with the constrictions of an adjacent pivot element. Fig. In the central position of the pivoting elements shown in Figure 7, the outlet slots 10d, 10e located therebetween are thus closed.

[0065] Fig. Figure 8 shows a plan view of three parallel exemplary pivoting elements 11a, 11b, 11c, which in the axial direction z each represent chains of periodically arranged, regular hexagons, also called honeycombs. These, too, are comparable to the design of Fig. 7, are arranged offset from one another and have such a regular contour that the areas of a pivoting element with the greatest extents in the transverse direction y engage almost flush with the areas of an adjacent pivoting element with the smallest extents in the transverse direction y. This allows Fig. 8, a flush interlocking of adjacent pivoting elements and a closure of the outlet slots located therebetween.

[0066] Fig. 9 shows a plan view of three parallel exemplary pivot elements 12a, 12b, 12c, each representing a chain of elements each formed from a regular hexagon and a central web. Here, too, the areas of the pivot elements with the greatest extent in the transverse direction y, e.g., the outer edges 12a1 of the hexagons of the pivot element 12a, and the areas of the pivot elements with the smallest extent in the transverse direction y, e.g., the width 12a2 of the central webs of the pivot element 12a, are coordinated with one another in a manner according to the invention. In addition, the pivot elements are arranged offset from one another along the respective pivot axis in such a way that, in the Fig. In the central position shown in Figure 9, a flush interlocking of adjacent pivoting elements and a closure of the outlet slots located between them is possible.

[0067] Fig. 10 finally shows a plan view of three parallel exemplary pivot elements 13a, 13b, 13c, which each have periodically successive regions with sinusoidal extensions and constrictions, e.g. in the case of the pivot element 13a the extensions 13a1 and the constrictions 13a2. Here too, in the pivot elements, the regions with the greatest extension in the transverse direction y and the regions with the smallest extension in the transverse direction y are coordinated with one another in a manner according to the invention, and the pivot elements are arranged offset from one another along the respective pivot axis in such a way that in the case of the Fig. In the middle position shown in Figure 10, a flush interlocking of adjacent pivoting elements and a closure of the outlet slots located between them is possible.

[0068] To facilitate further explanations, the Fig. 11 to 33, polygons were selected as examples for the contours of the swivel elements. The swivel elements can also have other shapes, such as in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 shown.

[0069] According to an advantageous further embodiment, a number of pivoting elements in the air vent according to the invention can be pivoted individually or in groups in the transverse and / or axial direction by means of motorized drive means. This facilitates the operation of the air vent according to the invention. In particular, these are electric motor drive means, e.g., servomotors. Thus, it can be individually controlled, for example, by a control system in a vehicle depending on ventilation programs.

[0070] A particular advantage of a motor-driven design is that it enables dynamic pivoting sequences of the pivoting elements arranged in an outlet opening in the transverse direction y or in the axial direction z, or combined in both the transverse and axial directions, with selected time sequences. This enables pivoting sequences that were previously illustrated with the term "La Ola wave." This is illustrated below using the example of Fig. 11 to 33. The numbers 0, 1 and 2 on a swivel element indicate example opening angles. Swivel elements labeled 0 are in the middle position. Swivel elements labeled 1 are in a half-open state and have an opening angle of, for example, 20-30 degrees relative to the yz plane of the outlet opening. Swivel elements labeled 2 are in a largely fully open state and have an opening angle of, for example, 45-90 degrees relative to the yz plane of the outlet opening. The degrees of opening shown in the following figures are example individual states. In practice, there are continuous transitions in the opening angles between the “snapshots” shown in the figures.

[0071] In a further embodiment of the invention, in an air vent, a number of pivoting elements are arranged next to one another in the outlet opening in a transverse direction, each with approximately parallel pivot axes, and can be pivoted in a transverse direction in a time sequence by means of the drive means. The time sequence of the pivoting movements of the individual pivoting elements can be freely parameterized. For example, a pivoting pattern can be made dependent on the time sequence of movement of the respective pivoting elements that achieves optimal ventilation of a specific external environment. For example, the individual pivoting elements of an air vent can be pivoted cyclically in a time sequence from the center position to the first or second deflected end position and from there back to the center position.

[0072] This will be done at the Fig. 11 to 15 and Fig. 16 to 20 is explained in more detail below. This comprises a number of, for example, four pivoting elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d. These are arranged next to one another in the outlet opening 6 in the transverse direction y, each with approximately parallel pivot axes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d. Each pivoting element has a separate electric motor drive, e.g., acting on the respective pivot axis of the respective pivoting element. These are shown in Fig. 11 to 20 not shown.

[0073] Fig. 11 to Fig. 15 each show a plan view of the outlet opening 6 of the air vent 3, wherein individual pivoting elements assume increasing opening angles in a positive transverse direction in a temporal sequence in the direction of the first deflected end position. Fig. 11 shows a state of the air outlet 3 in which the four pivoting elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d are all in the closed central position, so that the outlet opening 6 is closed. Fig. Figure 12 shows a snapshot in which the pivoting element 11a located at the upper end has already reached the fully open state 2, and the pivoting element 11b located below it has already reached the half-open state 1. The two pivoting elements 11c and 11d located below it are still in state 0, i.e., the center position. This wave of increasing openings of the pivoting elements now continues in the +y direction. Fig. Figure 13 shows a snapshot in which the two pivoting elements 11a and 11b located at the upper end have reached the fully open state 2. The pivoting element 11c located below has now reached the half-open state 1. Only the pivoting element 11d assumes state 0, ie, the center position. Fig. 14 shows a snapshot in which three pivot elements 11a, 11b, 11c have reached the fully open state 2 and the lower pivot element 11d is in the half-open state 1. Fig. 15 shows a snapshot in which all pivot elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d have reached the fully opened state 2 in the first deflected end position.

[0074] Fig. 16 to Fig. 20 each show a plan view of the outlet opening 6 of the air vent 3, wherein individual pivoting elements assume increasing opening angles in a temporal sequence in the negative transverse direction in the direction of the second deflected end position. Fig. 16 shows a state of the air outlet 3 in which the four pivoting elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d are all in the closed central position, so that the outlet opening 6 is closed. Fig. Figure 17 shows a snapshot in which the pivoting element 11d located at the lower end has already reached the fully open state 2. The pivoting element 11c located above it has already reached the half-open state 1. Only the pivoting elements 11b and 11a are still in state 0, i.e., the center position. This wave of increasing openings of the pivoting elements in the -y direction now continues. Fig. 18 shows a snapshot in which the two pivoting elements 11d and 11c located at the lower end have reached the fully open state 2. The pivoting element 11b located above them now has the half-open state 1. Only the pivoting element 11a is in state 0, ie the middle position. Fig. 19 shows a snapshot in which the pivoting elements 11d, 11c, 11b have reached the fully opened state 2 and only the upper pivoting element 11a is in the half-open state 1. Fig. 20 shows a snapshot in which all pivoting elements 11d, 11c, 11b, 11a have reached the fully opened state 2 in the second deflected end position.

[0075] In a further embodiment of the invention, a number of pivoting elements are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of an air vent and can be pivoted in a chronological sequence along the respective pivot axis by means of the drive means. The chronological sequence of the pivoting movements of the individual pivoting elements can be freely parameterized. For example, a pivoting pattern can be made dependent on the chronological sequence of movements of the respective pivoting elements that achieves optimal ventilation of a specific external environment. For example, the individual pivoting elements of an air vent can be pivoted cyclically in a chronological sequence from the central position to the first or second deflected end position and from there back to the central position.

[0076] This will be done at the Fig. 21 to 24 and Fig. 25 to 28 is explained in more detail below. This has a number of three swivel elements 14a, 15a, 16a arranged one behind the other along the swivel axis 9a, which can be swiveled separately in a time sequence in the axial direction z by means of individual electric motor drives, e.g. from the central position into the first or second deflected end position and from there back again to the respective central position. Furthermore, a number of three swivel elements 14b, 15b, 16b as well as 14c, 15c, 16c and 14d, 15d, 16d arranged one behind the other are each arranged along the parallel swivel axes 9b, 9c, 9d. These swivel elements can also be swiveled separately in a time sequence in the axial direction z by means of individual electric motor drives, e.g. from the central position into the first or second deflected end position and from there back again to the respective central position.

[0077] In the Fig. In the example shown in Figure 21, the pivoting elements 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d are assigned to a first group I, the pivoting elements 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d to a second group II, and the pivoting elements 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d to a third group III. All pivoting elements of a group are connected to one another via a respective drive means A1, A2, A3 and can be pivoted jointly via their respective pivot axes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d. The drive means each comprise, for example, a pair of connecting rods for the pivoting elements belonging to the respective group and an electric motor drive acting thereon. The drive means A1, A2, A3 are in Fig. 21 shown in dashed lines behind the respective group of swivel elements.

[0078] The Fig. 22, Fig. 23 and Fig. 24 each show a section through the outlet opening of Fig. 21 along a section line S. The connecting rods acting on the pivot axes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d of the pivot elements 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the second group II are shown. The connecting rods can be moved via a rack that is vertically displaceable by an electric motor, so that the pivot elements 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d in Fig. 22 the second deflected end position, in Fig. 23 the middle position and in Fig. 24 assume the first deflected end position.

[0079] As in e.g. in the statements of Fig. 4 to 6 and Fig. 7 and 10, the pivot axes 9a, 9b, 9c can run approximately centrally through the respective pivot element 8a, 8b, 8c or 10a, 10b, 10c or 11a, 11b, 11c or 12a, 12b, 12c or 1§a, 13b, 13c in the axial direction z. According to a further embodiment shown in the Fig. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 21 to 24, the respective pivoting element 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d can be arranged in the central position of the longitudinal direction x and the flow direction of the air 5, as seen along the respective pivot axis 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d. The respective pivoting element is then located in the first or second deflected end position with respect to the longitudinal plane 10 completely or at least predominantly on one or the other side of the longitudinal plane xz. This has the advantage that the pivoting elements, in a deflected position, do not protrude, or only slightly protrude, beyond the outlet opening.

[0080] Fig. 25 to 28 each show a perspective top view of the outlet opening 6 of the air outlet 3 of Fig. 21. In addition to the pivoting elements 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d of the first group I, the pivoting elements 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d of the second group II and the pivoting elements 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d of the third group III, in a temporal sequence in the axial direction z, increasing opening angles in the direction of the first deflected end position. Fig. 25 shows a state of the air outlet 3 in which all swivel elements in all groups are still in state 0, ie the middle position. Fig. Figure 26 shows a snapshot in which the swivel elements of the first group I have already reached the fully open state 2, and the swivel elements of the second group II, located next to it in the axial direction z, have already reached the half-open state 1. Only the swivel elements of the third group III are still in state 0, i.e., the center position. The wave with increasing openings of the swivel elements of the individual groups now continues in the axial direction z. Fig. Figure 27 shows a snapshot in which the pivoting elements of the first and second groups I and II have reached the fully open state 2. The pivoting elements of the third group III, located next to them in the axial direction z, have already reached the half-open state 1. Fig. 28 finally shows a snapshot in which the swivel elements of all groups I, II and III have reached the fully open state 2 in the first deflected end position.

[0081] The examples in the Fig. 11 to Fig. 21 wave-like openings in the transverse direction ±y were made, and the example in the Fig. 25 to Fig. 28 illustrates a wave-like opening in the axial direction z. If all pivoting elements can be driven separately, in particular via electromotive lever and rod mechanisms, two-dimensional pivoting waves can also be generated in the pivoting elements in an outlet opening, which propagate transversely and in the axial direction.

[0082] An example of such a two-dimensional “La Ola wave” of the swivel elements is shown in the Fig. 29 to Fig. 33 at the outlet opening 6 of the air outlet 3. The arrangement there corresponds to the illustration of Fig. 21. For the sake of simplicity, the reference symbols there are used for the individual swivel elements, without these reference symbols being included in the Fig. 29 to Fig. 33 to be drawn again. In contrast to Fig. 21, however, the swivel elements in the Fig. 29 to Fig. 33 can be controlled separately.

[0083] Fig. 29 to Fig. 33 each show a plan view of the outlet opening 6 of the air vent 3, wherein individual pivoting elements assume increasing opening angles in a temporal sequence both in the negative transverse direction -y and in the axial direction z in the direction of the first deflected end position. Fig. 29 shows one of the Fig. 16 corresponding initial state of the air outlet 3, in which all pivoting elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d are all in the closed central position, so that the outlet opening 6 is closed. Fig. 30 shows a snapshot in which the pivoting element 14d located at the lower left end has already reached the fully open state 2. The adjacent pivoting elements 15d and 14c are already in the half-open state 1. All other pivoting elements are still in state 0, i.e., the center position. This wave of increasing openings of the pivoting elements has thus begun at the lower left end of the receiving opening 6 and now continues across the receiving opening in both the -y direction and the z direction to the upper right end of the receiving opening 6. Fig. Figure 31 shows a snapshot in which the two pivoting elements 14d, 14c at the bottom left have reached the fully open state 2. The surrounding pivoting elements 15d, 15c, 14b, 14a are already in the half-open state 1. All other pivoting elements are still in state 0, ie, the center position. Fig. Figure 32 shows a snapshot in which the wave has already expanded considerably, so that all pivoting elements located in the left area of ​​the outlet opening have reached the fully open state 2. Only the pivoting elements 16a, 16b located in the upper right corner are still in state 0, i.e., the center position. The pivoting elements 15a, 15b located between them and the pivoting elements 16d, 16c in the lower right corner assume the half-open state 1. Fig. 33 finally shows one of the Fig. 20 corresponding final state, in which the opening shaft has passed through and all swivel elements have reached the fully open state 2 in the second deflected end position.

[0084] The wave movements of pivoting elements described above as examples can be repeated in cyclical sequences, with different wave propagation directions and varying opening angles. In this way, the air vent according to the invention can achieve a particularly finely distributed turbulence of the outgoing, directed air flow in the space outside the outlet opening, tailored to the respective spatial conditions. List of reference symbols 1 vehicle 1a, 1b, 1c, 1f Limiting elements in the vehicle 1d interior 1st windshield 2 Section of a boundary surface in the vehicle interior 2a Top side boundary surface 2 x longitudinal direction y transverse direction z axis direction xz longitudinal plane 3 air vents 3a Cover around outlet opening, especially frame-shaped 3a1 top 3a2 bottom 5 Air flow in the area of ​​the outlet opening 5a, 5b, 6c exemplary partial air flows in the outlet slot 6b of the outlet opening 6 7 Inlet opening 6 Outlet opening 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d Outlet slots between edges of the swivel elements and outlet opening 4 flow channel 4a pivoting slats 4b Pivot bearing 8 swivel elements 8a Swivel element with swivel axis 9a and double rows of hexagons 8a1, 8a2 Edges in axial direction z of the swivel element 8a 8a11, 8a12 rows of particularly trough-shaped hexagons 8b Swivel element with swivel axis 9b and double rows of hexagons 8b1, 8b2 Edges in axial direction z of the swivel element 8b 8c Swivel element with swivel axis 9c and double rows of hexagons 8c1, 8c2 Edges in axial direction z of the swivel element 8c 8d inside pages 8e outer sides 9 swivel axes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d Pivot axes of the pivot elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d 10 swivel elements 10a, 10b, 10c Swivel elements made of elongated symmetrical rhombuses 10a1 outer peaks in +y direction 10a2 internal constrictions on the swivel axis in z-direction 10d, 10e exhaust slots 11 swivel elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d Swivel elements with regular hexagons 12 swivel elements 12a, 12b, 12c Swivel elements, each consisting of a hexagon and a central bar 12a1 Area of ​​a hexagon of the swivel element 12a with the greatest extent 12a2 Area of ​​a central web of the pivoting element 12a with the smallest extension 13 swivel elements 13a, 13b, 13c Swivel elements with sinusoidal expansions and constrictions 13a1 Area of ​​the swivel element 13a with greatest extension in +y direction 13a2 Area of ​​the swivel element 13a with the greatest constriction in +y direction I, II, III groups of swivel elements 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d Swivel elements of a first group I A1 Propulsion equipment of Group I 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d Swivel elements of a second group II A2 Group II propulsion equipment 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d Swivel elements of a third group III A3 Propulsion equipment of Group III 0 Middle position, ie swivel elements are closed 1 swivel element half open, e.g. opening angle approx. 20-30 degrees 2 Swivel element fully open, e.g. opening angle approx. 45-90 degrees S cutting line QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] WO 2020 / 204056 A1 [0005, 0006]

Claims

[1] Air vent (3), with - a flow channel (4) extending in a longitudinal direction (x) through which air (5) is guided from an inlet opening (7) to an outlet opening (6) and released into the environment there, - a number of pivoting elements (8; 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d; 10a, 10b, 10c; 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d; 12a, 12b, 12c; 13a, 13b, 13c) in the region of the outlet opening (6), each having a pivot axis (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d), wherein the pivoting elements - essentially lying side by side in an axial direction (z) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (x), from a first deflected end position ( Fig. 5) via a middle position into a second deflected end position ( Fig. 6) and vice versa, and wherein the respective pivoting element (8) - in the central position, the outlet opening (6) is closed in the region of the respective pivoting element (8), and in the first or second deflected end position, the air (5) guided through the flow channel (4) is deflected to one or the other side of the longitudinal plane with respect to a longitudinal plane (10) defined by the longitudinal (x) and axial direction (z), characterized by , that - the respective pivoting element (8) has an extension in a transverse direction (y) oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction (x) and orthogonally to the axial direction (z), which extension is a function of the location in the axial direction (z), and - the number of pivoting elements (8) are arranged offset along the respective pivot axes (9a, 9b, 9c) in the axial direction (z) and their extensions in the transverse direction (y) are designed in such a way that the respective pivoting elements (8) in the central position ( Fig. 3, Fig.4) engage almost flush with each other and close the outlet opening (6). [2] Air vent according to claim 1, characterized by that the extensions of the pivoting elements (8) in the transverse direction (y) are periodic functions of the location in the axial direction (z). [3] Air vent according to claim 2, characterized by that the extensions of the respective pivoting elements (10a, 10b, 10c) in the axial direction (z) form periodic chains of diamonds ( Fig. 7). [4] Air vent according to claim 2, characterized by that the extensions of the respective pivoting elements (11a, 11b, 11c) in the axial direction (z) form periodic chains of hexagons ( Fig. 8). [5] Air vent according to claim 2, characterized by that the extensions of the respective pivoting elements (12a, 12b, 12c) in the axial direction (z) form periodic chains of elements, each of which is formed from a hexagon (12a1) and a longitudinal web (12a2) ( Fig. 9). [6] Air vent according to claim 2, characterized by that the extensions of the respective pivoting elements (13a, 13b, 13c) in the axial direction (z) have periodically successive regions with approximately sinusoidal extensions (13a1) and constrictions (13a2) ( Fig. 10). [7] Air vent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a number of pivoting elements (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d; 14a, 15a, 16a; 14b, 15b, 16b; 14c, 15c, 16c; 14d, 15d, 16d) can be pivoted individually or in groups in the transverse and / or axial direction (y, z) by means of motor drive means (A1, A2, A3). [8] Air vent according to claim 7, characterized bythat a number of pivoting elements (11a, 11b, 11c 11d) are arranged next to one another in the outlet opening (6) in the transverse direction (y), each with approximately parallel pivoting axes (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d), and can be pivoted in a time sequence in the transverse direction (y) by means of the drive means, in particular from the central position into the first or second deflected end position and from there back into the central position ( Fig. 11 to 20). [9] Air vent according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by that a number of pivoting elements (14a, 15a, 16a; 14b, 15b, 16b; 14c, 15c, 16c; 14d, 15d, 16d) are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction (z) and can be pivoted along the respective pivot axis (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) by means of the drive means in a time sequence in the axial direction (z), in particular from the central position into the first or second deflected end position and from there back again into the respective central position ( Fig. 21 to 28). [10] Air vent according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the respective pivoting element (8a, 8b, 8c) has a convex shape in the longitudinal direction (x) when viewed from the flow channel (4) in the central position, in particular is bent in a V-shape or curved in a lens-like manner when viewed in the direction of the flow channel (4) ( Fig. 3 to 6). [11] Vehicle, in particular a land vehicle, wherein - the vehicle (1) has boundary elements (1a, 1b, 1c, 1f) with boundary surfaces (2) which at least partially enclose an interior space (1d) of the vehicle (1) for at least one person, and wherein - in at least one of the boundary elements (1a, 1b, 1c, 1f) at least one air vent (3) is arranged such that the outlet opening (6) of the respective air vent (3) forms part of the boundary surface (2, 2a) of the respective boundary element (1a, 1b, 1c, 1f) and faces the interior space (1d), characterized by, that - the at least one air vent (3) is designed according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10.

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