Acoustic absorber component and wall / ceiling panel with or made of acoustic absorber components

Abstract

The invention relates to an acoustic absorber component (1) for installation on the interior of a wall or ceiling, comprising a single or multi-layered carrier layer (2) and an interior cover layer (3), wherein a plurality of recesses (5) completely penetrate the cover layer (3) and extend at least into or onto a middle layer (4) arranged between the carrier layer (2) and the cover layer (3), wherein the middle layer (4) is made of open-pore material.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an acoustic absorber element for mounting on the interior surface of a wall or ceiling, comprising a carrier layer and an interior-facing cover layer, wherein a plurality of recesses completely penetrate the cover layer and extend at least into a middle layer arranged between the carrier layer and the cover layer. The carrier layer can also be referred to as the support layer, the cover layer as the cover layer / decorative surface / decor, and the middle layer as the middle layer.

[0002] A related acoustic absorber component is known from the prior art, for example, DE 10 2014 207 852 A1. This patent discloses an acoustic absorber component with a structure of at least three layers. The first layer consists of a full-surface, open-pore wood fiber insulation board, the second layer of at least one wood-based panel, and the third layer of solid wood. The individual layers are bonded together with an elastic adhesive. The second layer can also be made of triple-layered plywood.

[0003] It is known that wall and ceiling coverings in panel form are available on the market. These are finished with a decorative layer. It is generally known that CPL (Continuous Pressure Laminate) and veneer are used in their production. Unfortunately, such surfaces are often highly flammable. CPL is used here as an abbreviation for CPL laminate. This laminate is manufactured in a continuous process from several layers of paper and resin. It is available in sheet or roll form and is also used, for example, to coat door leaves.

[0004] Traditional wall and ceiling coverings are designed to absorb sound and thus be acoustically effective, primarily in reducing sound energy. However, experience has shown that fire safety, and consequently the risk of combustion, is becoming increasingly important. Therefore, such wall and ceiling coverings should be flame-retardant.

[0005] As cost pressures regarding manufacturing and materials continue to increase, and production processes need to be kept simple (technically straightforward), more and more demands have been placed on wall and ceiling coverings over time. Tongue and groove systems are frequently used to enable quick and easy installation. Mounting clips have also become established in this regard.

[0006] Low-emission wall and ceiling cladding is a key requirement at the moment. Against this backdrop, wood fiber insulation materials are of particular interest, as they are treated with volatile substances such as binders after the pulping process and before pressing in the dry process, which can then off-gas.

[0007] The solutions known from the prior art still have shortcomings, as does, in particular, the solution known from DE 10 2014 207 852 A1. Its design is disadvantageous; it is not sufficiently flame-retardant and does not absorb sound sufficiently.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least mitigate the disadvantages known from the prior art.

[0009] In an acoustic absorber component of this type, this is achieved according to the invention by the fact that the middle layer is made of open-pore material.

[0010] A middle layer constructed from open-pored and / or porous material results in particularly good sound absorption. Furthermore, a careful selection of materials can be made to ensure that the wall or ceiling cladding panel formed by the acoustic absorber elements is especially flame-retardant.

[0011] These and other requirements for modern acoustic absorber building elements are met by an open-pored middle layer made of porous material, such as cement-bonded wood wool, located in front of / above a wood fiber insulation board, for example within a lightweight panel.

[0012] Open-pored material preferably refers to breathable, unsealed material, which may, however, be coated. Porous material preferably refers to porous and therefore permeable material.

[0013] Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the dependent claims and explained in more detail below.

[0014] It is therefore advantageous if the middle layer is made of porous material with a thickness of approximately 1.0 mm to approximately 50 mm, preferably approximately 1.5 mm to approximately 15 mm, as this allows sound to penetrate and be absorbed particularly well. The technical effects achievable through the open porosity are preferably attributable to increased sound reflection, a longer sound path, and / or an increased flow resistance per unit length.

[0015] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the middle layer consists entirely of a flame-retardant or non-combustible material or material mixture. The addition of ignition retardants or flame-retardant agents then contributes to a particularly flame-retardant design.

[0016] Another embodiment is characterized in that the middle layer is partially or completely composed of preferably cement-bonded wood wool and / or foam and / or expanded glass, in particular with a linear flow resistance of < 50 kPa*s / m 2 , especially < 20 kPa*s / m 2 Expanded glass or expanded glass granules refers to a building material made from recycled glass.

[0017] Expanded glass is foamed glass with small, gas-filled pores and can be produced in grain sizes ranging from 0.04 to 16 mm. The granules have a closed lattice structure. Unlike angular, broken foam glass (gravel), which is produced using a similar process but compacted under pressure, expanded glass / expanded glass granules consist of spheres / round grains, allowing for versatile processing. Layers of expanded glass are very lightweight yet pressure-resistant, thermally insulating, alkali-resistant, non-combustible, and highly load-bearing.

[0018] If the surface layer is designed as a single or multi-layered decorative layer, veneer layer, solid wood layer, laminate layer and / or foil layer, an aesthetically pleasing decor can be achieved. A user in the room thus sees the innermost decorative layer, which has a good aesthetic appeal.

[0019] To ensure quick and cost-effective installation, it has proven advantageous for the carrier layer intended for mounting on the wall or ceiling or a wall- or ceiling-mounted base to be designed as a wood fiber insulation board and / or foam board made preferably of plastic and / or PET board (polyethylene terephthalate board), in particular as a PET fleece board, with a thickness of approximately 5.0 to approximately 100 mm, preferably approximately 15 to approximately 35 mm.

[0020] Quick assembly is also facilitated if the carrier layer has tongue and groove sections prepared for a positive fit in the area of ​​the carrier layer and / or the middle layer.

[0021] An advantageous embodiment is further characterized in that the recesses are designed as perforations and / or slots. It is also advantageous if the recesses only partially penetrate the middle layer or terminate before the carrier layer. Tests have shown that the sound absorption is sufficiently good even with such acoustic absorber components, which are produced more cost-effectively compared to the prior art.

[0022] Furthermore, lower emission acoustic absorber components are feasible, as the recesses do not extend into the wood fiber insulation material which is wetted with volatile binders during manufacturing.

[0023] If the recesses are designed as perforations and / or (elongated, preferably straight) slots and / or (oval, round or angular in cross-section) blind holes and preferably differ in their geometry or are predominantly / completely identical, an aesthetically pleasing end product with technically simple but good sound absorption performance can be achieved.

[0024] An advantageous embodiment is also characterized in that the top layer has a CPL, HPL (High Pressure Laminate, i.e., laminate pressed under high pressure), laminate or veneer on a (flame-resistant) HDF substrate (High Density Fiberboard, i.e., a high-density fiberboard), or a (flame-resistant) glass fiber gypsum fabric.

[0025] Instead of fiberglass, other fibrous substances can also be used. The fibers do not necessarily have to be laid down as woven fabric, but can also be used as braids or knitted fabrics. Furthermore, other mineral substances, especially those containing calcium sulfate or calcium sulfate dihydrate, can be used instead of gypsum.

[0026] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the recesses are fully or partially coated. The coating is preferably a colored, decorative, and non-film-forming coating.

[0027] The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing. A first embodiment is shown.

[0028] They show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a section of an acoustic absorber component according to a first embodiment, Fig. 2 a second perspective view of the acoustic absorber component made of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 an enlargement of area III from Fig. 2.

[0029] The figures are purely schematic and serve only to illustrate the invention. The same elements are identified by the same reference symbols.

[0030] In the Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of an acoustic absorber component characterized by the reference numeral 1.

[0031] This acoustic absorber component 1 has three layers: a support layer 2, a cover layer 3, and a middle layer 4 arranged between them. It has a multitude of recesses 5. These recesses 5 penetrate the cover layer 3 completely. However, they terminate in the middle layer 4. They do not penetrate the support layer 2.

[0032] The recesses 5 are designed here as elongated, straight slots. However, they can also be curved or arc-shaped. They can also be designed as holes, in particular blind holes, especially in the form of perforations. They can have a square or oval, in particular elliptical or egg-shaped cross-section. Often, however, they are circular and uniformly shaped across the entire surface of the acoustic absorber element.

[0033] The invention focuses on the fact that the middle layer 4 is composed of open-pored material. It is desirable that the middle layer 4 be composed of porous material. The depth of the recess 5 could be sufficient if it only reaches the interface between the top layer 3 and the middle layer 4, or if it perforates the middle layer 4.

[0034] It has proven particularly effective when the middle layer consists of cement-bonded, open-pored wood wool material. However, foam or expanded glass are also proven / trialable alternatives.

[0035] The uniform arrangement of the slotted recesses 5 across the entire interior surface of the cover layer 3 is in Fig. 2 clearly visible.

[0036] That an end 6 of the recess 5 has a distance 7 to a beginning 8 of the support layer 2 is particularly good for the Fig. 3 can be seen.

[0037] While cement-bonded wood wool lightweight panels without decorative layers have previously been considered for use as ceiling cladding, a more aesthetically pleasing solution is now available. Furthermore, the porous surface allows for effective use in residential areas, for example as wall cladding.

[0038] The connection of the cement-bonded wood wool lightweight panel using tongue-and-groove joints and the use of retaining clips is now easier to implement. The focus is therefore on three fundamental components with specific properties: 1. Top layer: decorative surface made of veneer / CPL on a flame-resistant HDF substrate or a CPL on a flame-resistant fiberglass / gypsum fabric. 2. Cement-bonded wood wool lightweight panel: Protection of the wood fiber insulation panel from flame exposure and absorption or transmission of sound. 3. Wood fiber insulation board: Absorption of sound in the area of ​​the tongue and groove joint.

[0039] The slotted decorative layer, exposing the wood wool lightweight panel, makes the construction particularly effective acoustically. This protects the main absorber / wood fiber insulation board from flames.

[0040] An economical and technically simple design based on renewable raw materials can therefore be implemented. The design is flame-retardant, low-emission, and acoustically effective. Simple wall and ceiling mounting is possible.

[0041] The combination of the wood wool lightweight panel with the wood fiber insulation panel achieves a higher acoustic effect than without the wood wool lightweight panel. Reference symbol list 1 acoustic absorber component 2 Carrier layer 3 Top layer 4 Middle class 5 Exclusion 6 End of the recess 7 distance 8 Start of the carrier layer QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2014 207 852 A1 [0002, 0007]

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