Method and device for storing energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources

Abstract

In a method for storing energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources and converting this stored energy into electrical energy in a storage unit (5), air is alternately pressurized in several pipes (2.1-2.3) and continuously injected into the storage unit (5).

Description

Invention: InventionThis invention allows for the seasonal storage of eco-friendly solar and wind energy for months. For the conversion of the stream, it has been possible to develop a power plant which converts the stored compressed air into stream in enormous amounts, with explosion protection. The best solution for the switzerland with overflow of electricity, even in winter. The charging and discharging of this new storage technique is developed and can be built immediately.Production of compressed air with a water piston compressorNormal air compressors are not suitable for energy storage with compressed air because of their poor efficiency, but rather a redesign with a wear-free water piston compressed air compressor. For this purpose, a water basin made of, for example, metal or concrete, about 10 m in length, 3 m in width, 2.50 m in height, is required. Depending on requirements, the plant can be made much larger. The purified water filling is effected with an environmentally friendly addition of oil.DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURESFurther advantages, features and details of the invention are evident from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and on the basis of the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a detail from a device according to the invention for storing energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources; FIG. 2 shows a schematically illustrated cross section through the section of the device for storing energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources according to FIG. 1 ; FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a detail of a device according to the invention for recovering energy from a storage device; FIG. 4 shows a schematically illustrated cross section through the section of the device for recovering energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources according to FIG. 3. FIG. 5 shows a further schematically illustrated exemplary embodiment of the invention obliquely from above; FIG. 6 shows the side view of FIG. 5.Filling of the MemoryAccording to FIG. 1, three tubes 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 or more are arranged above a tank 1, obliquely upwards next to one another, depending on the pump output. The upper end of the tubes 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, which preferably consist of chromium steel, is provided according to FIG. 2 with a check valve 3 to an accumulator 5 and an air shut-off valve 4. The lower end of the pipes 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 is provided with a water discharge valve 6 of large diameter so that the water can quickly flow back into the basin after each pressing stroke. The steepness of the pipes is a determination of the speed of the water outflow by gravity.The pipes 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are connected via a filling valve 7 to a connecting line 8 with a piston compressor / a water piston pump 9, so that each pipe can be filled with water individually when the valve is opened. With an electronic control, the preferred electro-valves 7 are switched on and off according to a certain plan, so that the pump generates compressed air without interruption and fills it in a 1000 km long or longer pipeline pipe as storage 5 with up to 200 bar compressed air or more. Water piston pumps according to the invention have a very good efficiency of up to 95%. The storage capacity can be determined by the number of pipes and the delivery capacity by the piston pump, wherein the high efficiency of the water piston pump is to be emphasized. Although it is indicated in the figures that the water piston pump 9 is located in the basin, it is actually arranged outside.The water flows into the pipe 2.1. The air is compressed by the water flowing in and forced through the check valve 3 at the top into the reservoir 5, for example a 1000 km long pipeline pipe, and slowly fills the latter with compressed air. An apparatus prevents the water from flowing into the pipeline pipe. A pressure switch switches the piston pump to tube 2.2 with simultaneous opening of the fill valve 7 from tube 2.2. The water in pipe 2.1 flows back into the water basin 1 by gravity while simultaneously opening the lower pipe 2.1 and opening the upper air shut-off valve 4.While the first water flows back from pipe 2.1, the second pipe 2.2 is already in charge and already forces the compressed air through the nonreturn valve 3 into the 1000 km long pipeline pipe. The third pipe 2.3 is now already filled and the water flows into the third pipe 2.3 already by opening the valve 7, while the water flows back from the pipe 2.2 into the water basin 1 by opening the lower valve 7.While the water has flowed back completely from the tube 2.1, it can be filled again into the tube 2.1 after filling the tube 2.3. This sequence ensures that a tube is always open to inflation without interruption.Compressed air storage, for example in a pipeline pipe of 1000 km lengthThe same pipeline pipes as for gas lines are suitable for the storage 5. At present, a gas line is built approximately 1000 km by Switzerland from Italy to Holland. This gas pipe has an inner diameter of 80 cm, is coated inside with epoxy resin to ensure gas tightness of the gas pipes, and is loaded at 200 bar. It could also be used for energy storage instead of for gas conduction. In order to ensure explosion safety during energy storage, an intermediate wall with a small hole could be installed approximately every 10 m, 50 m-100 m or more. This small hole may also be equipped with an automatic closing valve which closes immediately in the event of a risk and prevents an explosion. This explosion protection applies only for energy storage with compressed air. If compressed air were stored in this pipe, 1 million kTorr could be stored approximately at 1000 km length.Pressure Reducing Valve at the End of Pipeline Pipe as an Example of AccumulatorSince Pelton turbines no longer function correctly at 200 bar water pressure, the air pressure at the end of the pipeline pipe must be reduced to 50-70 bar. According to FIG. 4, this takes place with a pressure reducing valve 10 to 50-70, as stated at the end of the pipeline pipe. At this pressure, Pelton turbines have an efficiency of up to 95%.Pelton turbine and watertight separated electric generator chamber with switching installationA power plant according to FIGS. 3 and 4 therefore consists, for example, of a one-piece building. In the ground floor at a height of about 6 to 7 m, there are four pressure-proof containers 11.1-11.4 which are filled with clean water and which have at least a pressure resistance of 50-70 bar on the floor.In the next first stick there is a 5 m high watertight space with a Pelton turbine 13 and a separated space with an electric generator 14 with switching equipment. From each pressure tank of the four pressure-resistant water containers 11.1-11.4, a compressed air line 12.1-12.4 leads to the pressure-reducing valve 10 and via a further valve 17 to the pipeline pipe 5.When the storage power plant is put into operation, a water tank 11.1-11.4 is therefore first pressurized with compressed air of 50-70 bar and fed to the Pelton turbine 13 via a pressurized water distributor 15. The pressurized water operates the turbine 13 and generates power via the generator 14. The water in these four tanks is successively pressurized from the pipeline pipe 5 and drives the turbine successively. The waste water fills the containers 11.1-11-4 again and again in a circuit via a water return pipe 16. The electronic control provides continuous water drive to the Pelton turbine. This invention allows the storage of environmental friendly sun and wind energy and remaining clean energies from summer to winter.The hydroelectric power plant is preferably constructed in the vicinity of an energy storage installation, for example a Swiss. In a swiss sea, several pipeline storage pipes are possible, laid parallel to one another on the bottom of the sea.With a pressure increase of the storage tubes to 300 bar, a doubling of the amount of energy in the explosion-proof pressure tubes could even be achieved with a pressure reduction valve at the end of the pipeline tube to 50 to 70 bar for the Pelton turbine. Clean energy storage would thus be achieved.Power Storage SystemThe new electricity storage system with water piston pumps allows for the first time to store inexpensive summer energy by means of compressed air with high efficiency and pipeline pipes in winter. The switzerland controls a current shortage in winter (risk of a crash). The invention of the new water piston compressor enables the low cost flow in all Europe in pipeline pipes, to store it seasonal from summer to winter, and to convert it into flow in large quantities. The many roof and field solar installations on fields and wind farm installations also help store summer electricity in the winter.Solar SystemsA special opportunity will be on the freeways with pipeline storage tubes of 800 mm diameter and explosion protection according to the patent application, which can simultaneously serve as foundation for solar panels and result in a great reduction in cost for them. The pipes may also be partially covered with earth. The installed tubes can be covered on the outside with a concrete layer and provide gas tightness on the inside with epoxy resin. For larger solar power plants, it is advantageous to carry out these in combination with pipeline storage pipes. The pipeline pipes serve as a foundation for the solar panels or make the entire solar power plant much less expensive, and then solar power plants can also supply electricity at night or when cloudy.Swiss SeriesWhile the tail with the reservoirs in the alope has a good reservoir solution, they are much too small and expansion is not possible because of the discomfort of natural protectors. The Switzerland would, however, have the good possibility of placing pipeline storage pipes in the Swiss oceans invisibly under water. 28 lakes are suitable for this storage. Large energy storages would be readily possible. No one sees it. No one sees something of them being on the sea bottom. The charging of the storage pipes in summer is developed and the conversion into compressed air in winter is also very simple, and compressed air in the pipeline pipes as electricity storage is absolutely free from poisons, free from problems, environmentally friendly and harmless with explosion protection.Power Plants for River Power PlantsThe power stations are particularly well suited for this energy storage because they are connected to the high-voltage network. In the water of the top of the power plant which has built up, the storage pipeline pipes can be laid next to one another by up to 10 pieces or more, so that large storage pipe lengths are possible. The power stations receive the opportunity to store the spot-fill summer stream in the compressed air pipes (pipeline pipes) and to sell it expensively in winter.Marine Adjacent CountriesThe current storage system according to the invention is especially suitable for sea-going countries with wind power installations. All sea-going countries are suitable worldwide for storing compressed air flow for several thousand km. In the case of a rigorous application, an excess of current could even be produced. This would be very good for air pollution control and CO2erniedrigung, climate protection instead of coal, oil and fossil energies. The heating of the earth would decrease, which seems very difficult today. The Swiss Gletcher and Skipits will increase again with the air maintenance.MethodThe method of storing current in compressed air in summer and converting compressed air into current again in winter, with the described devices and high efficiency, can make the switzerland current-proof. The present invention of converting flow into compressed air and converting air into flow gives Switzerland, with his many seas and all marine boundary countries, the ability with pipeline pipes to store huge amounts of clean flow under water, such as wind and sun, depending on pipeline pipe lengths under water. As a result, no CO2 emission is produced. Air pollution would decrease radically.It is therefore expedient to generate water, wind and solar current in summer, to convert it into compressed air with the novel system and to feed the compressed air into the Swiss power supply network in winter.FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention. Pumps or water pumps or water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 are shown there. Each of the water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 has its own pressure vessel in the form of pipeline tubes or tubes. The one pipe as pipeline pipe no. 1 22 should have a length of about 10 m in length and an inner diameter of 80 cm. The same applies to the other pressure vessel, which is likewise (also for a test run) as a further test run tube 25 or tube 2 and in this case likewise have a length of approximately 10 m and an inner diameter of approximately 80 cm, for example.The third trial-run pipeline 25 lying transversely to the pipes 2 or pipeline pipes 22, 23 serves as a compressed air store or store 5 and can have, as a pressure vessel, for example, a length of 10 km and an inner diameter of 80 cm.In operation, the maximum pressure up to 200 bar prevails in all the pipeline pipes 22, 23, 25. It must be checked whether a pressure increase of 300 bar would be possible, so that a double power increase of the storage power plant would be possible. From state to state, the conditions for pipeline pipes are different.The novel invention therefore consists here of two pipeline pressure pipes 22, 23 each 10 m long and 80 cm internal diameter and a trial run pipeline pipe 25 in the form of the compressed air accumulator 5 which is laid on top and has a total pipeline pressure pipe of approximately 10 km and 80 cm internal diameter and in this case comprises two newly developed water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2.The procedure is in this case in detail as follows:Before the beginning of the printing operation, the pressure tank 1 (pipeline pipe No. 1 22) must be filled with water. Subsequently, the water piston pump 21.1 starts in the tank 1 (pipeline pipe no. 1 reference numeral 22) and fully pumps the water in water tank in the form of the (pipeline pipe no. 2 reference numeral 23), thereby forcing the air through the check valve 18 into the trial pipeline pipe 25, after which the water in the water tank is pumped back again with the piston pump 21.1, 21.2 into the tank 1 in the form of the pipeline pipe 22. Now, tank 1 (i.e., pipeline no. 1 reference numeral 22) compresses the air through check valve 18 into trial pipe 25.Subsequently, the water in the tank 1, i.e. pipeline pipe no. 1 (reference numeral 22), is pumped again into the tank 2, i.e. pipeline pipe no. 2 (reference numeral 23), by means of the water piston pump 21.1. The continuous reciprocation of water in tank 1 to tank 2 for air compression into the trial pipe 25 which rests on top of the two pipes No. 1 and No. 2 (pipes 22, 23).The pumping process is repeated continuously by pumping water back and forth from one tube to another for air compression into the test run pipeline 25.In summary, it can be stated that the water tank (pipeline pipe No. 1 reference numeral 22) is filled with water. The associated water piston pump 21.1 is then started. The water is pumped by the pump, i.e. the water piston pump 21.1, into water tank 2 (pipeline pipe no. 2 (reference numeral 23). When water tank 2 (pipeline no. 2 reference numeral 23) is fully pumped, check valve 18 strikes and the compressed air enters trial and error pipeline 25, at which time water piston pump 21.2 is started from pressure tank 2 (i.e., pipeline no. 2 reference numeral 23). Now water is pumped from tank 2 back into tank 1 and also re-enters compressed air into test run pressure tank 25.The trial run from tank 1 and tank 2 into the trial run pipeline 25 is necessary to know how the water is heated by the compression in pipeline number 3 (reference numeral 24) before running the compressed air into the pipeline of e.g. 10 km length.Tank 1 (reference numeral 22) and tank 2 (reference numeral 23) have each designated an opening valve or also a venting valve 18.In order that air can flow in from pump 21.1 and pump 21.2 when the water is pumping out, a further valve in the form of the venting valve 18 must be able to allow atmospheric air to flow in from the environment so that, when the pump is running, the valve, that is to say the venting valve 18, automatically opens and closes again; otherwise, a vacuum would develop in the tank 1 (reference numeral 22) and / or tank 2 (reference numeral 23).The engine speed of the water piston pumps 21.1 and 21.2 must be able to be automatically regulated, as well as further necessary controls and the high-voltage grid adaptation.If too much heat arises as a result of the air compression, the heat in the test run pipeline pipe 25 must additionally be able to be dissipated, which can be done by the seawater, seawater or river water. The entire printing system is controlled fully automatically.The new development of a water piston compressor for a large storage capacity of electricity with compressed air plays an important role.In summer, the electricity to be stored does not accumulate regularly but rather very irregularly, so the compressor in the form of the water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 must have a very high power and the storage power must be highly variable and adaptable. The large piston compressor of Hammelmann is suitable with a capacity of 4000 liters / minute.In principle, the new compressor in the form of the water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 consists, for example, of two pressure-proof pipeline pipes (reference numerals 22 and 23) lying parallel next to one another and having a length of about 10 m and an inner diameter of 80 cm on concrete bases, on the left side at a height of 1 m, which is referred to as a deep base 20 and on the right side at a height of 2 m (according to the sketch), hereinafter referred to as a high base 19. The two pressure pipes (pipeline pipes No. 1 and No. 2, reference numerals 22 and 23) each require a single pump in the form of the water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 for pumping the water back and forth.The function is as follows: With Hammelmann piston compressors, water is pumped back and forth between the two pipeline tubes (reference numerals 22 and 23) and the compressed air-generating water piston in the water piston compressors 21.1, 21.2 serves for the conversion of excess summer electric energy into compressed air energy.Piston compressors are preferred because they have an efficiency up to 96% over rotary compressors of significantly less efficiency.A third pipeline pipe is placed between the two pipes (reference numerals 22 and 23), which pipe is connected to the 10-km long pipeline pipe (reference numeral 24).When water evaporatesWater loss occurs due to water evaporation and must be automatically fillable in the pipe 1 and 2, i.e. the pipeline pipes No. 1 and No. 2, reference numerals 22 and 23.To extend the water piston pumps, the water can also be mixed with an environmentally friendly oil.Concrete jacket and pipeline pipeIn order that the pipeline pipe does not float in the water but rather falls to the bottom of the sea, a reinforced concrete jacket is cast around it, a special winding machine serving to wrap around the pipeline steel pipe. The diameter of the concrete reinforcing steel is 10-16 mm.The distance between the individual turns is about 10 mm. Each revolution of the concrete jacket can be welded to the outer skin of the pipeline pipe individually or several times. The concrete jacket reinforces not only the pipe pressure resistance but also the pipe jacket before rusting.Since the tightness of the welded seams of the pipeline pipes must meet excessively stringent requirements, they are covered with an additional tightness protection compound, in addition to the additional X-ray tightness tests, namely from the inside of the pipe as well as from the outside of the pipe.A third pipeline pipe is laid between the two pipes, reference numerals 22 and 23), which is connected to the 10-km long pipeline pipe (reference numeral 24).The energy stored with summer surplus by means of compressed air must be converted into electricity at the consumer location with high efficiency, which is achieved with the following invention:First, the compressed air must be converted to water pressure. Direct conversion with air turbines is not possible because there is poor efficiency.Only the conversion of compressed air into water pressure with Pelton turbines is possible with an efficiency of up to 95% for the conversion of air pressure into water pressure.For the implementation, it best needs a two-deck building. Let into the floor of this building are four pressure-proof containers. The gas pressure reducing valve is located in the ground projectile.The water Pelton turbines must also be said to be able to operate only at a specific water pressure up to 95% efficiency. The pressure reduction in the incoming pipeline accumulator gas line from 200 bar, say, must be reduced to 50-75 bar in order for the Pelton turbines to operate with the best efficiency.In the first pole of this energy building, the Pelton turbine comes to a standstill with the generator coupled thereto. One stick higher than this building comes from the electric division of this power plant. The pelton turbine space in the first pole is secured in a watertight manner. The water flowing from the turbine flows into the 4 tubes back into the pressure vessels let into the bottom. Thus, the same water always circulates. The pressure vessels are equipped with the necessary electro-valves and are electronically controlled.List of reference characters1 Basin 2 Pipe 3 Check valve 4 Air shut-off valve 5 Reservoir 6 Water drain valve 7 Fill valve 8 Connection line 9 Piston pump 10 Pressure reducing valve 11 Container 12 Pipe 13 Turbine 14 Generator 15 Pressure water distributor 16 Return pipe 17 Valve 18 Ventilation valve 19 Base (high) 20 Base (low) 21 Water piston compressor 22 Pipe pipe No. 1 23 Pipe No. 2 24 Pipe No. 3 25 Test pipe P Device

Claims

Method for storing energy from in particular renewable energy sources and converting this stored energy into electrical energy in a storage unit (5), characterized in that air is alternately placed under high pressure in a plurality of pipes (2.1-2.3) and this is continuously pressed into the storage unit (5).Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the air in the pipes (2.1-2.3) is placed under the pressure of a liquid (13) with the aid of a piston pump (9).Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tube (2.1-2.3) is set up obliquely.Method according to claim 3, characterised in that a plurality of tubes (2.1-2.3) are arranged substantially parallel to one another and are connected to one another.Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the pipes (2.1-2.3) are placed in a tank (1).Device for carrying out a method for storing energy from, in particular, renewable energy sources (14, 14.1) over a relatively long period of time in a storage unit (5) and converting this stored energy into electrical energy, characterized in that the storage unit (5) has at one end a connection (5) to a device for generating, in particular, high pressure in the storage unit (5) and at the other end a connection (8) to a device for generating the electrical energy.Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the device for generating an in particular high pressure in the reservoir (5) has a plurality of tubes (2.1-2.3), which can be alternately connected to a piston pump (9).Device according to claim 7, characterised in that each pipe (2.1-2.3) is assigned a water outlet valve (6) or integrated therein.Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that a water piston pump (9) is provided for generating the pressure in the pipe (2.1-2.3).Device according to claim 9, characterised in that purified water with oil is provided for the piston pump (9).Device according to at least one of Claims 6 - 10, characterized in that the devices (9) for generating the electrical energy are a turbine, in particular a Pelton turbine.Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 11, characterised in that a plurality of containers (11.1 to 11.4) is connected between the device for generating the electrical energy and the storage device (5).Device according to claim 12, characterised in that a pressure reduction valve is connected between each container (11.1 to 11.4) and the reservoir (5).Device according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the containers (11.1 to 11.4) are connected to a pressurized water distributor (15) and the latter is connected to the device for generating the electrical energy.

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