Tire particle collection system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE102024209199
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-09-25
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-27
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Abstract
Description
Technical area
[0001] The present disclosure relates to devices and systems for collecting particles or debris generated by tires during operation of motor vehicles. background
[0002] Microplastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental challenges, and microplastics are a major source of plastic pollution worldwide. Surprising sources of microplastics that are often overlooked are automobile tires. During normal vehicle operation, a tire releases rubber particles when the tire accelerates or tears. These particles can become airborne and significantly impact air quality.
[0003] The electrification of the transport sector has contributed to a reduction in pollutants in exhaust pipes, but conversely, due to the heavy batteries, it has significantly increased the weight of vehicles. This has led to increased friction during vehicle movement and thus to greater particulate emissions during tire wear. Additionally, but no less importantly, such rubber particles could be recycled in various ways depending on the size and composition of the released rubber. Examples of the reusability of tire particles range from bitumen (asphalt) to shoe soles to sound-absorbing materials, depending on their size and composition.
[0004] Strategies and systems for collecting tire particles are currently not well developed. Collecting particles away from the point source is not feasible due to their low concentration and strong dependence on wind patterns. Therefore, solutions must be implemented close to the source of the particles, i.e., the vehicle tires. One of the main shortcomings of current approaches is the accumulation of particles in current devices, which reduces the effectiveness of the device and increases the amount of particles remaining dispersed in the air. Due to cost, complexity, and maintenance reasons, mechanical cleaning of these components with accumulated particles is highly undesirable. Furthermore, localized collection points are not sufficient in terms of efficiency, as this requires frequent servicing or maintenance of these collection points.A more efficient and long-term solution is needed that can reduce the burden of frequent maintenance and collection. Brief description
[0005] The present disclosure relates to a tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle. Various embodiments of the devices disclosed herein overcome the current design disadvantages of existing solutions, including undesirable particle accumulation on collection plates. Furthermore, the disclosed embodiments provide devices and means for a long-term in-vehicle storage solution system that has not yet been addressed in the current market.
[0006] A particle collection device is disclosed that is placed near a vehicle tire. The device comprises at least a first chamber containing a first grid and a first collection space in which tire particles or other dirt particles are collected. The first collection space has a first opening through which tire particles or dirt particles can enter to ultimately be collected in the first collection space. The device further comprises a final chamber with a collection plate. The final chamber also has a final collection space with a final opening area that allows tire particles to enter the final collection space.
[0007] During operation of the motor vehicle, electrically charged particulate matter is repelled by or accelerated by the moving tire. These particulate matter enters and is accelerated through the device, with their acceleration assisted by an electric field generated by an applied electric charge on the first grid and / or the collecting plate in the device. The particulate matter is then collected in at least one of the first collection chamber and the last collection chamber. Selected definitions and nomenclature
[0008] The term "particulate matter," as used herein, refers to all types of particles that can be accelerated by a vehicle tire and includes components of the tire itself as well as other particles present on the road surface or released by the operation of the motor vehicle. As used herein, "particulate matter" includes dirt particles, rocks, soil, water, sediment, salts, tire rubber particles, and other motor vehicle-associated debris.
[0009] The term "tire particulates" may include particles emitted from a vehicle's tire or particles accelerated by the tire but not originating from the tire, such as other road particles or automotive particles. Throughout this disclosure, the terms "particulates" or "electrically charged particulates" or "tire particles" or "tire particulates" may be used interchangeably and refer to the same components.
[0010] The terms "grating" or "electrically charged gratings" refer to the same components and may be used interchangeably throughout this disclosure. Likewise, the terms "collection plate" or "electrically charged collection plate" refer to the same components and may be used interchangeably.
[0011] The term "about" is used in conjunction with numerical values to include normal measurement errors expected by those skilled in the art and is understood to have the same meaning as "approximately" and to cover a typical margin of error, such as ±15%, ±10%, ±5%, ±1%, ±0.5%, or even ±0.1% of the stated value. The term "about" also includes amounts that vary due to different equilibrium conditions for a composition resulting from a particular starting composition. Whether modified by the term "about" or not, the statements include equivalents to the amounts.
[0012] It should be noted that, as used in this specification and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a composition including "a compound" includes two or more compounds that are either the same or different from one another. As another example, "a processor" programmed to perform various functions refers to one processor programmed to perform each and all of the functions, or to more than one processor jointly programmed to perform each of the various functions.
[0013] It should also be noted that the term "or" is used generally in its sense, including "and / or," unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, "and / or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated elements listed, as well as the absence of any combination when interpreted as the alternative ("or").
[0014] For brevity and conciseness, any ranges of values set forth in this specification are intended to include all values within the range and are to be construed as supporting claims reciting any subranges with endpoints that are real numerical values within the specified range in question. As a hypothetical illustrative example, a disclosure in this specification of a range of 1 through 5 shall be construed as supporting claims to any of the following ranges: 1-5; 1-4; 1-3; 1-2; 2-5; 2-4; 2-3; 3-5; 3-4; and 4-5.
[0015] The term "substantially" is used here to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that can be attributed to a quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. The term "substantially" is also used here to represent the degree to which a quantitative representation can deviate from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the item concerned.
[0016] The terms “comprise,” “includes,” and “comprising,” as used herein, indicate the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.
[0017] As used herein, the phrase "consisting essentially of" means that the scope of a claim is to be interpreted to include the recited materials or steps recited in the claim and those that do not substantially affect the basic and novel feature(s) of the claimed invention. Accordingly, the phrase "consisting essentially of," when used in a claim of this invention, should not be interpreted as equivalent to "comprising."
[0018] The terms "preferred" and "preferably" refer to embodiments that may provide particular advantages under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred under the same or different circumstances. Furthermore, the mention of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0019] As used in this specification and in the claims, a list of elements associated with the phrase "at least one of" or "one or more of" may mean any combination of the listed terms. For example, the phrase "at least one of X, Y, or Z" may mean X; Y; Z; X and Y; X and Z; Y and Z; or X, Y, and Z. Brief description of the drawings
[0020] Aspects of the present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures. It should be noted that, in accordance with standard industry practice, various features are not drawn to scale. Indeed, the dimensions of various features may be arbitrarily enlarged or reduced to clarify the discussion. Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle according to embodiments disclosed herein. Fig. Figure 2 shows a front view of electrically charged grids and collection plates used in the devices of the present invention, according to embodiments disclosed herein. Fig. 3 is a graphical representation of the applied pulsed staggered voltage as a function of time in the tire particle collection device of the present invention according to embodiments disclosed herein. Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle according to embodiments disclosed herein. Detailed description
[0021] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein. It should be understood, however, that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples, and other embodiments may take various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to variously employ the embodiments.As will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, various features illustrated and described with reference to any of the figures may be combined with features illustrated in one or more other figures to produce embodiments not explicitly illustrated or described. The combinations of illustrated features provide representative embodiments for a typical application. However, various combinations and modifications of the features consistent with the teachings of this disclosure may be desirable for particular applications or implementations.
[0022] The present disclosure relates to a tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle. Various embodiments of the devices disclosed herein overcome current design disadvantages of existing solutions, such as unwanted particle deposits on collection plates. Furthermore, the disclosed embodiments provide devices and means for a long-term in-vehicle storage solution system that has not yet been addressed in the current market.
[0023] As in Fig. 1, a tire particle collection device 10 is shown. The device 10 is placed near a vehicle tire 50. The device 10 includes at least a first chamber 110. The first chamber 110 has a first grid 140 and a first collection space 160 in which tire particles or other debris are collected. The first collection space 160 has a first opening portion 130 through which tire particles or debris can enter to ultimately be collected in the first collection space 160. The device 10 further includes a final chamber 310 with a collection plate 340. The final chamber 310 also has a final collection space 360 with a final opening portion 330 that allows tire particles to enter the final collection space 360.
[0024] During operation of the motor vehicle, electrically charged particulate matter is repelled by or accelerated by the moving tire. These particulate matter enters and is accelerated through the device, with their acceleration assisted by the electric field generated by an applied electric charge on the first grid 140 and / or the collection plate 340 of the device 10. The particulate matter is then collected in the device in at least the first collection chamber 160 or the last collection chamber 360.
[0025] In some embodiments, the device 10 may include more than one electrically chargeable grid, as shown in Fig. 1. This embodiment uses a first grid 140, a second grid 240, and a collection plate 340. A second chamber 210 is provided, which has a second collection space 260 with a second opening area 230.
[0026] As charged particles are repelled by the tire 50 and accelerated through the first chamber 110 of the device 10, they are filtered by the first grid 140, which has a dedicated filter grid that is larger than a filter grid of the second grid 240. Particles or dirt particles that are too large to pass through the first grid 140 fall through the first opening area 130 into the first collection chamber 160. Smaller particulate matter that passes through the filter grid of the grid 140 accelerates further to the second chamber 210 and is either collected at the electrically charged second grid 240, where they are either too large to pass through the filter grid of the grid 240, or they are smaller than the filter grid and accelerate further to the last chamber 310 and are finally electrically attracted to the collection plate 340.
[0027] As a result, the particulate matter or dirt particles collected in the first collection chamber 160 will be larger than the particulate matter collected in the second collection chamber 260 and the final collection chamber 360. Likewise, the particles that can be collected in the final collection chamber 360 will be smaller than those in the previous collection chambers 260 and 160.
[0028] The respective filter grids of the grids 140, 240 and 340 and their relative size are shown in Fig. 2. The collection plate 340, in one embodiment, does not have a filter grid because it is installed in the last collection space and will be the last area of the device 10 where particles are collected. The collection plate 340 is therefore a solid surface made of material that can be electrically charged by an applied voltage. In one embodiment, the filter grid of the grid 140 can have grid openings that allow particles with a size of about 100 to 2000 micrometers to pass through. The second filter grid of the grid 240 has smaller passages for particles with a size of about 50 to 100 micrometers. Smaller particles (less than 50 micrometers) that are not collected in the first or second grids pass through and are collected in the last collection plate 340.The grids 140, 240 and the collection plate 340 are preferably formed at least partially from a metallic material or other known materials capable of conducting current so that they can be adequately charged for operation in the device 10. In addition, at least the first grid 140 should be formed from a mechanically robust material so that it can withstand the potential impact of projectile debris from larger sediments without causing structural damage.
[0029] In certain embodiments, the device 10 comprises a first chamber 110 having a first grid 140. In other embodiments, the device 10 may comprise a second chamber 210 having a second grid 240, as shown in Fig. 1. A third grid (not shown) may be incorporated in further embodiments depending on the desired filtration and particle sorting for that vehicle or tire type. The final chamber 310 with the collection plate 340 will be present in all embodiments disclosed herein.
[0030] The manner in which particulate matter is accelerated through the various chambers of the device 10 will now be described in more detail. Fig. 3, it can be seen that the device 10 uses a pulsed voltage supplied to the first grid 140, the second grid 240 and the collector plate 340. The description in this section follows that in Fig. 2, which has three chambers, although the application of the pulsed voltage is used in the same way in other embodiments (with fewer or more chambers).
[0031] A first pulsed voltage A is applied to the first grid 140. A second pulsed voltage B is applied to the second grid 240. A third pulsed voltage C is applied to the collector plate 340. Voltage A has a lower amplitude than voltages B and C, and voltage B is lower than voltage C. Therefore, an increasing pulsed voltage is applied to the grids and the collector plate as the particulate matter moves from an inlet portion of the device 10 to the rear end portion of the device 10. As shown in Fig. 3, the pulsed voltage applied to the first grid 140, the second grid 240 and the collector plate 340 is a staggered pulsed voltage, which is described below
[0032] The voltages A, B, and C applied to each component described herein operate with an active phase and an inactive phase. During an active phase, a voltage is applied to each grid to provide an electrical charge, and conversely, during the inactive phase, the voltage is terminated (removed) to deactivate the grid and remove any electrical charge. During operation of the device 10, a voltage applied during an active phase assists in accelerating the electrically charged particulate matter toward the first electrically charged grid 140 by creating an electric field. During the inactive phase of the pulsed voltage, when the voltage is removed, the electrical charge of the grid 140 is interrupted, and any particulate matter attracted to or trapped on the grid 140 slides down to the collection space 160.The same concept of active and inactive phases of pulsed voltage applies to the other electrically charged grids and / or the collection plate of the device. In other embodiments, the voltage may vary continuously with a sinusoidal AC phase (not shown in the figures). In these embodiments, the inactive phase may comprise a negative voltage oppositely charged to the particulate matter to facilitate the movement of the particulate matter from the grids and into the collection chamber.
[0033] In some embodiments, staggering the pulsed voltage is an important operating feature of the device 10. By staggering the time at which voltage pulses are applied to the grid 140, 240 and the collection plate 340, the particulate matter can be accelerated through the various chambers of the device all the way to the collection plate 340. For example, if the grid 140 is in an inactive phase of the voltage pulse and no electrical charge is applied during that time, the second grid 240 should be in an active phase so that particulate matter can continue to be accelerated to the second grid 240 even if the grid 140 is not electrically charged.Similar to collection plate 340, when a second grid 240 is in an inactive phase and no longer electrically charged, collection plate 340 should be in an active phase of the voltage pulse to continue attracting and collecting particulate matter sized to pass through the first and second filter grids. It is important to note that the use of an inactive phase is essential to the operation of device 10 to prevent the accumulation of particulate matter on the grids. Allowing this accumulation of particulate matter (i.e., causing clogging of the grids) would ultimately result in a reduction in the electric field and would reduce the effectiveness of the grids in filtering particles of varying sizes.In addition, the on-time, off-time and duration (frequency) of the pulsed voltages A, B and C do not have to be identical.
[0034] In one embodiment, the operating voltage and pulse are designed to match those of the vehicle's engine and / or electronics. As a non-limiting example, if the vehicle's onboard engine operates at 5000 rpm (83 Hz) and 400 V, then the voltage values of A, B, and C may be within 10-100% of this range, meaning that the applied voltages for pulses A, B, and C are in the range of 40 V to 400 V. As shown in the graph of Fig. 3, the most important fundamental principle is that the applied voltage A should be less than B and the applied voltage B should be less than C (ie A <B<C).
[0035] In another embodiment, the operating voltage and pulse are designed to meet the optimal specification for tire particle collection. As a non-limiting example, a 10 kV charge can collect the maximum amount of particles, and a pulse length of 2 seconds (0.5 Hz) can maximize the particulate matter accelerated by gravity into the grids 140, 240, and collection plate 340.
[0036] In embodiments, the staggered pulsed voltage applied to the first grid 140, the second grid 240, or the collection plate 340 ranges from 0.3 to 30 kV. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the applied voltage, the duration of the pulse on and off times, and the frequency of the pulses can be varied for all electrically chargeable components to achieve specific collection goals for the particular vehicle or tire type.
[0037] In some embodiments, device 10 is located in suitable proximity to tire 50. Multiple devices 10 are located near each tire of a motor vehicle. For example, in one embodiment, a device 10 is placed at a distance of 5 cm to 25 cm behind a tire of the motor vehicle and securely coupled to the body of the motor vehicle.
[0038] A central particulate storage system (not shown) may be coupled to multiple devices, one per tire, with the particulate matter collected in each device then being stored in a vehicle's central particulate storage system as a means of longer-term storage. This allows the particulate matter to be collected during routine vehicle maintenance without the need to regularly service / empty each device 10. Also included is a device for removing the particulate matter from the various devices and into the central storage system. Such devices may include a mechanical extractor coupled to each device to assist in removing the particulate matter from the devices and directing it to the vehicle's central storage system.The various channels, connecting areas, or spaces of the central storage system may include a plurality of gravity traps throughout, which can prevent backflow or movement of particulate matter to the tire during or without vehicle operation. Gravity traps may include any internal configuration within and throughout the central storage system(s) (e.g., a stepped configuration) capable of preventing the backflow of particles and other debris collected by the device 10.
[0039] The device according to claim 10 further comprises an electrical or voltage supply source. The electrical supply source is configured to supply a voltage to each of the various components of the device that require an electrical charge for operation of the device.
[0040] In Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the devices disclosed herein according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a tire particle collection device 500 for use in motor vehicles is shown. The device 500 is arranged in proximity to a vehicle tire such that particulate, electrically charged tire particles are accelerated toward an entrance region of the device 500. The device 500 comprises at least a first chamber 610. The first chamber 610 has a first grid 640 and a curved collection wall 560. The device 500 further comprises a final chamber 710 with a collection plate 740. The final chamber 710 has a final collection space 760 with a final opening region 730 that allows particulate tire particles to enter the final collection space 760.
[0041] During vehicle operation, electrically charged tire particles 30 are accelerated into a first chamber 610 of device 500. Other larger dirt particles 40, either from the road or accumulated on the tires, may also enter chamber 610. The curvature of wall 560 allows the path of these larger dirt particles into the first chamber 610 to be blocked, while other electrically charged, smaller particulate tire particles are accelerated through chamber 610 due to the electrically charged first grid 640 creating an electric field. Dirt particles that may be collected and prevented from further penetrating into the first chamber 610 include soil, wet sediment, stones, salt deposited on the roadways, or other large particles, including rubber from the tires, which may be accelerated by tire movement and tire contact with the road surface.In one embodiment, acceleration of particulate matter through the curved first chamber 610 is provided by the charge grid 640. In another embodiment, a separate electrode is located closer to the curvature of the first chamber 610, containing a positive or negative charge to accelerate particulate matter within the curved first chamber 610. The debris particles 40 detach from the curved wall 560 and fall, assisted by downward gravity, and are released onto the roadway. Any remaining particles on the curved wall 560 can be removed and routinely cleaned during normal maintenance of the motor vehicle. In another embodiment, the device 500 can be formed with openings that allow it to be flushed whenever water (e.g., rain, car wash) is applied to the exterior.These openings may be located on the outer curved wall 560 and allow water to enter portions of the first chamber 610.
[0042] The information required for the operation of the embodiments of the Fig.1-3 is similarly applied to the apparatus 500 of the presently described embodiment. Therefore, a staggered pulsed voltage A may be applied to the grate 610, and a pulsed voltage B may be applied to the collection plate 740. Voltage A is lower than voltage B and operates in the same staggered manner as described in the sections and embodiments above. In this embodiment, the first chamber 610 may optionally include a collection space (as in the previous embodiments) since at least a portion of the debris is gravitationally released downward through the chamber or becomes trapped on the curved inner wall 560. In further embodiments, a second or third or more grates (not shown) may be incorporated into the apparatus 500, depending on the desired filtration, sorting, and collection design of the apparatus.
[0043] In all embodiments disclosed herein, the inclusion of a plurality of chambers and electrically chargeable grids with varying filter grids enables the sequestration and sorting of tire particles of different sizes. Certain microplastics of a specific size are trapped in specific collection spaces and can be recycled or used in other processes as needed. Thus, the design of the present embodiments allows not only the collection of tire particles, but also the sorting (based on size) of different tire particles and ultimately the recycling or repurposing of these particles once they have been collected by the device or the motor vehicle's central particle storage system.
[0044] Although exemplary embodiments are described above, these embodiments are not intended to describe all possible forms encompassed by the claims. The terms used in the specification are terms of description rather than limitation, and it is understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. As described above, the features of various embodiments may be combined to form further embodiments of the invention that may not be explicitly described or illustrated.Although various embodiments may have been described as providing advantages or being preferred over other embodiments or prior art implementations with respect to one or more desired characteristics, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that one or more features or characteristics may be compromised to achieve desired overall system attributes depending on the specific application and implementation. These attributes may include, but are not limited to, cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, maintainability, weight, manufacturability, ease of assembly, etc.Therefore, to the extent that embodiments are described as less desirable than other embodiments or prior art implementations with respect to one or more characteristics, these embodiments are not outside the scope of the disclosure and may be desirable for certain applications.
Claims
[1] Tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle, comprising: at least one first chamber, the first chamber comprising: a first grating; and a first assembly room; and a final chamber, the final chamber comprising: a collector's plate; and a final gathering room; wherein electrically charged particulate matter is accelerated by the device while the motor vehicle is in motion and is collected within the device in at least the first collection space or the last collection space. [2] The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second chamber having a second grid and a second collection space positioned between the first chamber and the last chamber. [3] The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first grid comprises a first filtration grid and the second grid comprises a second filtration grid, the first filtration grid being larger than the second filtration grid. [4] The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the particulate matter collected at the first collection space is larger than the particulate matter collected at the second collection space. [5] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a pulsed voltage is applied to the first grid and the collector plate. [6] The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pulsed voltage applied to the first grid and the collector plate is a staggered pulsed voltage. [7] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first grid and the collection plate are operated in an active phase and an inactive phase; wherein the active phase comprises applying a voltage to provide an electrical charge and the inactive phase comprises removing at least a portion of the voltage to remove the electrical charge. [8] Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein during the active phase particulate matter is accelerated to the first grid or the collection plate and during the inactive phase electrically charged particulate matter is deposited in the first collection space or the last collection space. [9] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a staggered pulsed voltage is applied to the first grid and the collector plate, the staggered pulsed voltage being about 0.3 to 30 kV. [10] The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is positioned within a distance of 5 cm to 25 cm from a tire of the motor vehicle and is securely coupled to the body of the motor vehicle. [11] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first grid and the collection plate are coupled to a power supply source. [12] The device of claim 1, wherein the device is configured for coupling to a central particle storage system within the motor vehicle. [13] A tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle, comprising: at least one first chamber, the first chamber comprising: a curved collecting wall; and a first grating; a final chamber, the final chamber comprising: a collector's plate; and a final gathering room; whereby particulate substances are accelerated by the device, while the motor vehicle is in motion and are collected within the device at least in the last collection space. [14] The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a second chamber having a second grid and a second collection space positioned between the first chamber and the last chamber. [15] The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first grid comprises a first filtration grid and the second grid comprises a second filtration grid, the first filtration grid being larger than the second filtration grid. [16] The apparatus of claim 13, wherein a pulsed voltage is applied to the first grid and the collection plate. [17] The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the pulsed voltage applied to the first grid and the collector plate is a staggered pulsed voltage. [18] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first grid and the collection plate are operated in an active phase and an inactive phase, the active phase comprising applying a voltage to provide an electrical charge and the inactive phase comprising removing at least a portion of the voltage to remove the electrical charge. [19] Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein during the active phase particulate matter is accelerated to the first grid or the collection plate and during the inactive phase particulate matter is deposited in the first collection space or the last collection space. [20] A tire particle collection device for a motor vehicle, comprising: at least one first chamber, the first chamber comprising: a first grating; and a final chamber, the final chamber comprising: a collector's plate; and a final gathering room; wherein a staggered pulsed voltage is applied to the first grid and the collecting plate, and wherein electrically charged particulate matter is accelerated by the device while the motor vehicle is in motion, and be collected within the device at least in the last collection chamber.