Energy storage device

Abstract

An energy storage device (10) comprises: a first energy storage cell (211) and a second energy storage cell (221) arranged side by side in a first direction; and a transverse element (40) extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and arranged in a gap between the first energy storage cell (211) and the second energy storage cell (221). The first energy storage cell (211) comprises a first side wall portion (213) facing the transverse element (40). The first side wall portion (213) is provided with a first outlet valve (216). The transverse element (40) is provided with a hollow portion (H) and is formed with a first opening (47) such that the first opening (47) faces the first side wall portion (213).The transverse element (40) is provided with a connecting portion (49) that enables communication between the hollow portion (H) and a space around the transverse element (40). The connecting portion (49) is provided at a position that does not face the first exhaust valve (216).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This non-provisional application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-024265 filed with the Japan Patent Office on February 21, 2024, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. BACKGROUND area

[0002] The present invention relates to an energy storage device. Description of the state of the art

[0003] As a conventional energy storage device, JP 2023 - 165 300 A discloses an energy storage device having a cross member that divides a space in a battery case into a plurality of regions, wherein an energy storage module is arranged in each of the plurality of regions. SUMMARY

[0004] Generally, an energy storage module includes a plurality of energy storage cells, each having an exhaust valve. When an energy storage cell generates heat, an emission is discharged from an exhaust valve of the energy storage cell that generated the heat. The emission includes a gas, an electrolyte, and the like. If no measures are taken, the emission accumulates in a region where the energy storage module that generated the heat is located. As a result, the emission may adhere to the energy storage module, which may cause a short circuit of the energy storage module.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device capable of suppressing the scattering of an emission discharged from an energy storage cell that has generated heat.

[0006] An energy storage device according to the present invention comprises: a first energy storage cell and a second energy storage cell that are spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in a first direction; and a cross member that extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and is arranged in a gap between the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell. The first energy storage cell includes a first sidewall portion facing the cross member. The first sidewall portion is formed with a first outlet valve. The cross member is formed with a hollow portion in a cross section perpendicular to the second direction and is formed with a first opening such that the first opening faces the first sidewall portion.The cross member is formed with a connecting portion that enables communication between the hollow portion and a space around the cross member. The connecting portion is formed at a position where the connecting portion does not face the first exhaust valve.

[0007] According to the above-described configuration, when the first energy storage cell generates heat and an emission is discharged from the first exhaust valve, the emission can be introduced into the hollow portion of the cross member through the first opening formed in the cross member so as to face the first energy storage cell. Thus, the emission can be collected within the cross member (hollow portion). This can suppress the dispersion of the emissions discharged from the energy storage cell that generated heat.

[0008] In addition, the exhaust contains a gas, and the gas introduced into the cross member through the first opening is discharged from the connecting portion formed at the position where the connecting portion does not face the first exhaust valve, whereby an excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member caused by the gas introduced into the cross member through the first opening can be suppressed. Generally, when the internal pressure of the cross member increases excessively, there is a risk that a part of the cross member will be deformed or broken, and the gas will leak out at an unintended location, and the exhaust collected in the cross member will be blown out.However, since the connecting portion is provided as described above, the excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member can be suppressed, and the above-described leakage of emissions from the unintended location can be suppressed. This also suppresses the scattering of emissions emitted from the energy storage cell that generated heat.

[0009] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the first opening may be arranged to face the first exhaust valve.

[0010] According to the configuration described above, the emission is directly discharged from the first exhaust valve to the first opening. Therefore, the diffusion of the emission into the surroundings of an energy storage module can be suppressed, and the emission can be directly introduced into the cross element. Thus, the scattering of the emission can be further suppressed.

[0011] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the second energy storage cell may have a second sidewall portion facing the cross member. The second sidewall portion may be formed with a second outlet valve. In this case, the cross member may be formed with a second opening such that the second opening faces the second sidewall portion.

[0012] According to the above-described configuration, when the second energy storage cell generates heat and an emission is discharged from the second exhaust valve, the emission can be introduced into the hollow portion of the cross member through the second opening formed in the cross member so as to face the second energy storage cell. Thus, the emission can be collected inside the cross member (hollow portion). This can suppress the scattering of the emission contained in the gas discharged from the energy storage cell that generated heat.

[0013] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the first opening and the second opening may be covered with a heat insulating member which is configured to be breakable.

[0014] According to the above-described configuration, when the emission is discharged from the first exhaust valve of the first energy storage cell, the thermal insulation member is broken by the impulse of the discharged emission. Thus, the emission can be introduced into the cross member through the first opening and the emission can be collected inside the cross member. Furthermore, since the second opening is formed with the thermal insulation member, the heat transfer from the emission introduced through the first opening to the second energy storage cell through the second opening can be suppressed. Thus, a temperature rise of the second energy storage cell can be suppressed.

[0015] On the other hand, when the emission is discharged from the second exhaust valve of the second energy storage cell, the thermal insulation member is broken by the impulse of the discharged emission. Thus, the emission can be introduced into the cross member through the second opening and the emission can be collected inside the cross member. Furthermore, since the first opening is formed with the thermal insulation member, the heat transfer from the emission introduced through the second opening to the first energy storage cell through the first opening can be suppressed. Thus, a temperature increase of the first energy storage cell can be suppressed.

[0016] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the heat insulating member may be formed with an easily breakable portion.

[0017] According to the configuration described above, the heat insulating member located on the side of an energy storage cell can be broken more reliably when the emission from an energy storage cell is emitted from the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell.

[0018] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the first opening and the second opening may be arranged to be displaced in a vertical direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction when viewed in the first direction.

[0019] According to the configuration described above, even if the emission is introduced through one opening from the first opening and the second opening, a flow of the emission directly to the other opening can be suppressed.

[0020] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the connecting portion may be formed above the first exhaust valve in a vertical direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0021] According to the above-described configuration, when the gas contained in the exhaust introduced into the cross member through the first opening is discharged from the connecting portion, the gas can be discharged via the first exhaust valve. Thus, the blowing of the gas discharged from the connecting portion against the first exhaust valve can be suppressed.

[0022] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, a height of the cross member in the vertical direction may be higher than a height of the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell in the vertical direction. In this case, the connecting portion may be formed above the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell.

[0023] According to the configuration described above, when the gas contained in the emission introduced into the cross member through the first opening is discharged from the connecting portion, the gas can be discharged above the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell. Thus, the blowing of the gas discharged from the connecting portion against the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell can be suppressed, and a temperature increase of the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell can be suppressed.

[0024] In the energy storage device according to the present invention, the cross member may have an upper wall portion on an upper side in the vertical direction, and the connecting portion may be formed in the upper wall portion.

[0025] According to the configuration described above, when the gas contained in the emission introduced into the cross member through the first opening is discharged from the connecting portion, it can be discharged upward from the upper wall portion. Thus, the blowing of the gas discharged from the connecting portion against the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell can be suppressed, and a temperature increase of the first energy storage cell and the second energy storage cell can be suppressed.

[0026] The energy storage device according to the present invention may include: a first energy storage module in which a plurality of the first energy storage cells are arranged in the second direction; and a second energy storage module in which a plurality of the second energy storage cells are arranged in the second direction. The cross member may be arranged between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module. A length of the connecting portion in the second direction may be equal to or longer than a length in the second direction from a first outlet valve of the first outlet valves of the plurality of first energy storage cells located on one side in the second direction to a first outlet valve of the first outlet valves of the plurality of first energy storage cells located on the other side in the second direction.

[0027] According to the above-described configuration, the connecting portion is formed over a wide area. Therefore, the gas contained in the exhaust gas introduced into the cross member through the first opening can be stably discharged from the connecting portion even when the exhaust gas is discharged from the first exhaust valve of any first energy storage cell included in the first energy storage module. Thus, an excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member can be suppressed.

[0028] The energy storage device according to the present invention may further include: a third energy storage cell disposed on a side opposite to a side on which the second energy storage cell is disposed with respect to the first energy storage cell in the first direction; and a cooler disposed in a gap between the first energy storage cell and the third energy storage cell for cooling the first energy storage cell and the third energy storage cell.

[0029] According to the above-described configuration, the first energy storage cell can be cooled by the cooler even when the heat is transferred from the second energy storage cell to the first energy storage cell, and the transfer of the heat to the third energy storage cell can be suppressed by the cooler arranged between the first energy storage cell and the third energy storage cell.

[0030] The above and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle having an energy storage device according to a first embodiment. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the energy storage device according to the first embodiment is mounted on the vehicle. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the interior of the energy storage device according to the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the Fig. Line IV-IV shown in Figure 3. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a heat insulating member covering an opening of a cross member in the energy storage device according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the movement of an emission emitted from a second energy storage cell in the energy storage device according to the first embodiment. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross member and a surrounding structure thereof according to a first modification. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross member and a surrounding structure thereof according to a second modification. Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment. Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the interior of the energy storage device according to the second embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments described below, the same or corresponding portions in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0032] When a number, quantity, or the like is mentioned in an embodiment and a modification described below, the scope of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the number, quantity, or the like unless otherwise stated. Each component in the embodiment and modification below is not necessarily essential to the present invention unless otherwise stated. When there are multiple embodiments and modifications below, the combination of features in the embodiments and modifications is originally intended, as far as possible and unless otherwise stated. (First embodiment)

[0033] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle having an energy storage device according to a first embodiment. Fig. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the energy storage device according to the first embodiment is mounted on the vehicle. A vehicle 1 according to the first embodiment is described with reference to Fig. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 described.

[0034] The vehicle 1 is a hybrid vehicle that can run with the driving power of at least one of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, or an electrically powered vehicle that runs with a driving power obtained from electrical energy.

[0035] The vehicle 1 includes a vehicle main body 2, a front wheel 3, a rear wheel 4, and an energy storage device 10. The vehicle main body 2 includes a frame member 5. The energy storage device 10 is arranged below the vehicle main body 2. The energy storage device 10 is arranged, for example, between the front wheel 3 and the rear wheel 4. A part of the energy storage device 10 may be arranged to overlap the front wheel 3 and / or the rear wheel 4 when viewed in the width direction of the vehicle 1. The energy storage device 10 has an upper surface 10a. The upper surface 10a may function as a floor member that defines a vehicle interior.

[0036] The frame member 5 includes a pair of longitudinal members 6 and a pair of side sills 7. The two side sills 7 are arranged at both ends in the width direction of the vehicle 1. The two longitudinal members 6 are arranged inside the two side sills 7 with a gap therebetween. The two longitudinal members 6 and the two side sills 7 extend along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1.

[0037] The two longitudinal members 6 are spaced apart from each other in the width direction of the vehicle 1. A main body portion 35 of the energy storage device 10 is arranged in a gap between the two longitudinal members 6. A cavity is formed between the main body portion 35 and the two longitudinal members 6. This allows the transmission of the impact to the energy storage device 10 to be suppressed, even in the event of a side impact of the vehicle 1.

[0038] Fixed sections 36 are formed on both side surfaces of the main body section 35 in the width direction of the vehicle 1. The fixed sections 36 are each fastened to the two side members 6 by fastening elements 8.

[0039] The frame member 5 also includes a cross frame member 9. The cross frame member 9 is formed above the energy storage device 10 to extend from one side sill 7 to the other side sill 7. The upper surface 10a of the energy storage device 10 is attached to the cross frame member 9.

[0040] Although the example in which the frame member 5 includes the pair of side members 6 and the pair of side sills 7 has been illustrated and described above, the present invention is not limited thereto. The pair of side sills 7 may function as the pair of side members 6. In this case, the two side members 6 may be omitted, and the above-described fixed portions 36 may be attached to the two side sills 7.

[0041] Fig. Figure 3 is a plan view showing the interior of the energy storage device according to the first embodiment. Details of the energy storage device 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 3 described.

[0042] As in Fig. 3, the energy storage device 10 includes a plurality of energy storage modules 20, a receiving housing 30, a plurality of cross members 40, and an electronic device 95.

[0043] The plurality of energy storage modules 20 includes a first energy storage module 21 and a second energy storage module 22. The first energy storage module 21 and the second energy storage module 22 are spaced apart from each other in a first direction (DR1 direction). In the present embodiment, the first direction is, for example, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 in an assembled state in which the energy storage device 10 is mounted on the vehicle main body 2.

[0044] The first energy storage module 21 includes a plurality of first energy storage cells 211. The plurality of first energy storage cells 211 are arranged in a second direction (DR2 direction) perpendicular to the first direction. In the present embodiment, the second direction is, for example, parallel to the width direction of the vehicle 1 in the assembled state described above. The second energy storage module 22 includes a plurality of second energy storage cells 221. The plurality of second energy storage cells 221 are arranged side by side in the second direction.

[0045] Each of the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 has an elongated shape whose longitudinal direction is the first direction. Each of the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape with a thickness in the second direction.

[0046] The first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 can be configured using the same energy storage cell. In this case, the number of components can be reduced and the manufacturing costs can be lowered. Note that "the same" includes the inclusion of manufacturing errors such as tolerances. Alternatively, the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 can be configured using different energy storage cells.

[0047] Each of the first energy storage cells 211 comprises a housing 212 (see Fig. 4), and each of the second energy storage cells 221 comprises a housing 222 (see Fig. 4). In each of the housings 212 and 222, one or more electrode assemblies 25 (see Fig. 4) is housed.

[0048] When a single electrode assembly 25 is housed in each of the casings 212 and 222, the electrode assembly has a shape extending in the longitudinal direction described above. The electrode assembly 25 may be a stacked electrode assembly in which a negative electrode layer, a separator, and a positive electrode layer are stacked, or a wound electrode assembly in which a negative electrode layer, a separator, and a positive electrode layer are wound.

[0049] When multiple electrode assemblies are housed in each of the housings 212 and 222, the multiple electrode assemblies are arranged longitudinally adjacent to each other and connected in series. Also in this case, each of the electrode assemblies may be a stacked electrode assembly or a wound electrode assembly.

[0050] Each of the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 is a secondary battery, such as a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium-ion battery. Each of the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 may be a liquid electrolyte energy storage cell or a solid electrolyte energy storage cell. Each of the first energy storage cells 211 and the second energy storage cells 221 may be a chargeable and dischargeable capacitor.

[0051] The receiving housing 30 comprises an upper element 31 (see Fig. 4) and a lower member 32 serving as a lower housing. The lower member 32 has a substantially box-like shape that opens upward. The lower member 32 includes a main body portion 35 and fixed portions 36. The main body portion 35 has a bottom wall portion 321, a front wall portion 322, a rear wall portion 323, and side wall portions 324 and 325. The front wall portion 322, the rear wall portion 323, and the side wall portions 324 and 325 are formed to rise from a peripheral edge of the bottom wall portion 321.

[0052] The front wall portion 322 and the rear wall portion 323 face each other in a first direction. The side wall portions 324 and 325 face each other in a second direction. The fixed portions 36 are formed on outer surfaces of the side wall portions 324 and 325.

[0053] The plurality of cross members 40 are attached to the above-described lower member 32. The plurality of cross members 40 are configured to divide a receiving space in the receiving housing 30. In particular, the cross members 40 are configured to extend in the second direction. In the present embodiment, the receiving space in the receiving housing 30 is divided into three regions in the first direction by two cross members 40.

[0054] In the three divided areas, the electronic device 95, the first energy storage module 21, and the second energy storage module 22 are arranged in this order from one side in the first direction. The cross member 40 is arranged in a gap between the electronic device 95 and the first energy storage module 21, and the cross member 40 is arranged in a gap between the first energy storage module 21 and the second energy storage module 22.

[0055] The number of cross members 40 is not limited to two and may be one or three or more, as long as the cross member 40 is arranged in a gap between the first energy storage module 21 and the second energy storage module 22, which are adjacent to each other. The cross member 40 is made of, for example, a metal member such as SUS (stainless steel).

[0056] At least the cross element of the plurality of cross elements 40 arranged in the gap between the first energy storage module 21 and the second energy storage module 22 is formed with a hollow portion H (see Fig. 4). All of the plurality of cross members 40 may be formed with hollow portions H. The hollow portion H may form part of a flue path of a gas discharged when one of the energy storage cells included in the first energy storage module 21 and the second energy storage module 22 generates heat.

[0057] The upper member 31 covers the plurality of energy storage modules 20 and closes an open space of the lower member 32. A sealing member may be filled into a gap between the upper member 31 and the energy storage modules 20. The sealing member may have insulating properties. The upper member 31 has, for example, a substantially flat plate shape. The shape of the upper member 31 is not limited to the flat plate shape and may be a substantially downwardly open box shape. The upper member 31 may also be provided with an outlet portion 80 (see Fig. 9) be configured to discharge the gas inside the receiving housing 30 when the internal pressure in the receiving housing 30 exceeds a predetermined pressure. When the outlet portion 80 is configured, the vehicle 1 has a structure that prevents the gas discharged from the outlet portion 80 from being introduced into the interior of the vehicle 1.

[0058] The electronic device 95 controls the plurality of energy storage modules 20. The electronic device 95 is, for example, a battery ECU.

[0059] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the Fig. 3 and in particular a cross-sectional view showing the cross member and a surrounding structure thereof. For the sake of simplicity, Fig. 4 also the upper element of the receiving housing 30. Details of the cross element 40 and the surrounding structure thereof will be described with reference to Fig. 4 described.

[0060] As described above, the cross member 40 is formed with a hollow portion H in a cross section perpendicular to the second direction. The hollow portion H is formed to extend continuously in the second direction. The cross member 40 is further formed with a first opening 47, a second opening 48, and a connecting portion 49. The cross member 40 includes a first wall portion 41, a second wall portion 42, an upper wall portion 43, and a lower wall portion 44.

[0061] The first wall portion 41 is located on one side in the first direction. The first wall portion 41 faces the first energy storage cell 211 in the first direction. The first wall portion 41 is formed with a first opening 47. The first opening 47 is formed to face the first energy storage cell 211. In particular, the first opening 47 is arranged to face a first exhaust valve 216, which will be described below. A plurality of first openings 47 are formed side by side in the second direction, and the plurality of first openings 47 each face the energy storage cells 211.

[0062] The second wall portion 42 is located on the other side in the first direction. The second wall portion 42 faces the second energy storage cell 221 in the first direction. The second wall portion 42 is formed with a second opening 48. The second opening 48 is arranged to face the second energy storage cell 221. In particular, the second opening 48 is arranged to face a second outlet valve 226, which will be described below. A plurality of second openings 48 are formed side by side in the second direction, and the plurality of second openings 48 each face the energy storage cells 221.

[0063] The above-described first and second openings 47, 48 are arranged such that they can be displaced in a vertical direction (height direction) perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction when viewed in the first direction. Specifically, for example, the first opening 47 is located above the second opening 48 when viewed in the first direction. The first opening 47 may be located below the second opening 48 when viewed in the first direction.

[0064] The first opening 47 is covered with a heat-insulating element 60 described below. The second opening 48 is covered with a heat-insulating element 60.

[0065] The height of the first wall section 41 and the second wall section 42 in the vertical direction is greater than the height of the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221. The above-described height of the first wall section 41 and the second wall section 42 may be equal to the height of the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221.

[0066] The upper wall portion 43 and the lower wall portion 44 face each other vertically. The upper wall portion 43 connects the upper ends of the first wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 42. The lower wall portion 44 connects the lower ends of the first wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 42. The lower wall portion 44 functions as a bottom surface defining portion of the hollow portion H. The lower wall portion 44 is fixed to the bottom wall portion 321 of the receiving case 30.

[0067] The connecting portion 49 is formed at a position where the connecting portion 49 does not face the first exhaust valve 216 in the cross member 40. In the present embodiment, the connecting portion 49 is formed in the upper wall portion 43.

[0068] The connecting portion 49 enables a connection between the hollow portion H and a space around the cross member 40. In particular, the connecting portion 49 enables a connection between the hollow portion H and a space in the receiving housing 30. The connecting portion 49 extends along the second direction.

[0069] The cross member 40 has a first end portion and a second end portion at both ends in the second direction. The connecting portion 49 extends continuously from the first end portion side to the second end portion side. A length of the connecting portion 49 in the second direction is, for example, equal to or longer than a length in the second direction from a first outlet valve located on one side in the second direction of the first outlet valves 216 of the plurality of first energy storage cells 211 in a first energy storage module 21 to the first outlet valve 216 of the above-described first outlet valves 216 located on the other side in the second direction.

[0070] The connecting portion 49 may have a shape that extends intermittently in the second direction to correspond to energy storage modules 20 that are arranged side by side in the second direction.

[0071] The above-described housing 212 of the first energy storage cell 211 has a first sidewall portion 213 facing the first wall portion 41 in the first direction. The first sidewall portion 213 is formed with an external connection element 213A and a first outlet valve 216.

[0072] The first exhaust valve 216 is a valve for discharging an emission from the interior of the first energy storage cell 211. The emission includes a gas. The emission may include a foreign substance such as an electrolyte or a metallic foreign substance. The first exhaust valve 216 functions as a pressure relief valve. The first exhaust valve 216 is configured to break when an internal pressure of the housing 212 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure. The first exhaust valve 216 faces the cross member 40 (more precisely, the first wall portion 41) in the first direction.

[0073] The external connection element 213A is arranged, for example, above the first outlet valve 216. The external connection element 213A faces the first wall portion 41 in the first direction.

[0074] The above-described housing 222 of the second energy storage cell 221 has a second sidewall portion 223 facing the second wall portion 42 in the first direction. The second sidewall portion 223 is formed with an external connection element 223A and a second outlet valve 226.

[0075] The second outlet valve 226 is a valve for discharging the above-described emissions from the interior of the second energy storage cell 221. The second outlet valve 226 functions as a pressure relief valve. The second outlet valve 226 is configured to break when the internal pressure of the housing 222 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure. The second outlet valve 226 faces the cross member 40 (more precisely, the second wall portion 42) in the first direction.

[0076] The external connection element 223A is arranged, for example, above the second outlet valve 226. The external connection element 223A faces the second wall section 42 in the first direction.

[0077] The above-described first and second exhaust valves 216, 226 are arranged so that they can be displaced in the vertical direction when viewed in the first direction. Specifically, the first exhaust valve 216 is formed, for example, vertically above a central portion of the first sidewall portion 213. The second exhaust valve 226 is formed, for example, vertically below a central portion of the second sidewall portion 223.

[0078] Fig. 5 is a plan view of the heat insulating member covering the opening of the cross member in the energy storage device according to the first embodiment.

[0079] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the thermal insulation element 60 is formed in the shape of a plate. The thermal insulation element 60 is made of, for example, a mica plate. The thermal insulation element 60 is designed to be fragile. In particular, the thermal insulation element 60 is formed with an easily fragile portion 61.

[0080] The easily breakable portion 61 is configured, for example, by a fracture line. The fracture line is formed by through holes arranged in a ring or frame shape. The first outlet valve 216 or the second outlet valve 226 faces, in the first direction, the area of ​​the heat insulating element 60 surrounded by the fracture line.

[0081] The heat insulating member 60 is not limited to the mica plate and may be made of a heat insulating resin plate with lower strength than the mica plate. In this case, the fragile portion 61 may be omitted.

[0082] The thermal insulation element 60 facing the first exhaust valve 216 is configured to be ruptured by the emissions emitted from the first exhaust valve 216. When the emissions are not emitted from the first exhaust valve 216 but from the second exhaust valve 226, the thermal insulation element 60 facing the first exhaust valve 216 should preferably not be ruptured by the emissions emitted from the second exhaust valve 226.

[0083] Likewise, the thermal insulation member 60 facing the second exhaust valve 226 is configured to be ruptured by the gas discharged from the second exhaust valve 226. When the gas is discharged not from the second exhaust valve 226 but from the first exhaust valve 216, the thermal insulation member 60 facing the second exhaust valve 226 should preferably not be ruptured by the gas discharged from the first exhaust valve 216.

[0084] Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the movement of emission emitted from the second energy storage cell in the energy storage device according to the first embodiment.

[0085] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 6, when the emission is discharged from the first exhaust valve 216 of the first energy storage cell 211, the heat insulating member 60 facing this first exhaust valve 216 is ruptured, thereby introducing the emission into the cross member 40 through the first opening 47. Since the heat insulating member 60 is formed with an easily breakable portion 61, the heat insulating member 60 is easily broken by the impulse of the emission. In addition, since the first exhaust valve 216 faces the area surrounded by the fracture line forming the easily breakable portion 61, the heat insulating member 60 can be more reliably broken.

[0086] Since the emission is introduced into the cross member 40, the emission can be collected inside the cross member (cavity H). Specifically, a substance heavier than air contained in the emission accumulates at the lower wall portion 44. Thus, it is possible to suppress the scattering of the emission emitted by the first energy storage cell 211 after generating heat into a space around the first energy storage cell 211 and thus into a region where the first energy storage module 21 is housed.

[0087] Furthermore, since the first opening 47 and the first exhaust valve 216 are opposite each other in the first direction, the emission from the first exhaust valve 216 is directly discharged to the first opening 47. Therefore, the diffusion of the emission into the surroundings of the first energy storage module 21 can be suppressed, and the emission can be directly introduced into the cross member 40. Thus, the scattering of the emission can be further suppressed.

[0088] In addition, the gas contained in the emission introduced into the cross member 40 through the first opening 47 is discharged into a space (in the receiving case 30) around the cross member 40 from the connecting portion 49 formed at the position where the connecting portion 49 does not face the first exhaust valve 216. Thus, an excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member 40 caused by the gas introduced into the cross member 40 through the first opening 47 can be suppressed.

[0089] In general, if the internal pressure of the cross member 40 increases excessively, there is a risk that a part of the cross member 40 will be deformed or broken, and the gas will leak from an unintended location and the emission collected in the cross member will be blown out.

[0090] In the present embodiment, the connecting portion 49 is configured as described above. Therefore, the excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member 40 can be suppressed, and the above-described leakage of the emission from the unintended location can be suppressed. This also makes it possible to suppress the scattering of the emission emitted from the first energy storage cell 211 that has generated heat.

[0091] Since the connecting portion 49 is formed in the upper wall portion 43 of the cross member 40, the gas in the cross member 40 can be discharged upward. Thus, the gas discharged from the connecting portion 49 can be suppressed from blowing directly against the energy storage module 20 (first energy storage cell 211 and second energy storage cell 221). This can suppress a temperature rise of the energy storage module 20 caused by the gas discharged from the connecting portion 49. A gap is formed between the upper wall portion 43 and the upper member 31, and the gas is discharged toward the gap.

[0092] Furthermore, the length of the connecting portion 49 is equal to or longer than the length in the second direction from the first exhaust valve 216 located on one side in the second direction of the first exhaust valves 216 of the plurality of first energy storage cells 211 to the first exhaust valve 216 located on the other side in the second direction of the first exhaust valves 216 described above. Thus, even when the exhaust is discharged from the first exhaust valve 216 of any first energy storage cell 211 included in the first energy storage module 21, the gas contained in the exhaust introduced into the cross member 40 through the first opening 47 can be stably discharged from the connecting portion 49. This can further suppress the excessive increase in the internal pressure of the cross member.

[0093] Furthermore, as described above, the second opening 48, which is located opposite the first opening 47, is covered with a heat insulating member 60. Therefore, the heat transfer from the second opening 48 to the second energy storage cell 221 can be suppressed by the heat insulating member 60. Thus, a temperature increase of the second energy storage cell 221 and thus of the second energy storage module 22 can be suppressed.

[0094] Furthermore, since the first opening 47 and the second opening 48 are arranged so that they can be shifted in the vertical direction when viewed in the first direction, a flow of the emission introduced through the first opening 47 directly into the second opening 48 can be suppressed. Thus, a temperature increase of the second energy storage cell 221 and thus of the second energy storage module 22 can be suppressed.

[0095] Although the example in which the emission is discharged from the first energy storage cell 211 was described above, an effect substantially the same as that described above can also be achieved when the emission is discharged from the second energy storage cell 221. For example, when the gas is discharged from the second energy storage cell 221, the heat insulating member 60 covering the second opening 48 is broken, and the emission can be introduced into the cross member 40 through the second opening 48. Thus, the emission can be contained in the cross member 40, and scattering of the emission within the receiving case 30 can be prevented.

[0096] Furthermore, since the first opening 47, which is opposite to the second opening 48, is covered with a heat insulating member 60, heat transfer from the first opening 47 to the first energy storage cell 211 can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the second opening 48 is offset from the first opening 47 in the vertical direction as viewed in the first direction, the emission introduced into the cross member 40 through the second opening 48 can be suppressed from flowing directly to the first opening 47. The effect produced by the discharge of the gas from the connecting portion 49 is the same as above. (First modification)

[0097] Fig. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross member and a surrounding structure thereof according to a first modification. An energy storage device 10A according to the first modification will be described with reference to Fig. 7 described.

[0098] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 7, the energy storage device 10A of the first modification differs from the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment with respect to the position of the connecting portions 49 formed in the cross member 40. The energy storage device 10A of the first modification is otherwise substantially the same as the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment.

[0099] In the first modification, a height of the cross member 40 in the vertical direction is higher than a height of the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221 in the vertical direction, and connecting portions 49 are formed above the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221.

[0100] In particular, connecting portions 49 are formed in portions of the first wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 42 that are located above the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221. The connecting portion 49 may be formed in any portion of the first wall portion 41 and the second wall portion 42.

[0101] With the configuration described above, the energy storage device 10A of the first modification can achieve substantially the same effect as the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the case where the cross member 40 is used in the first modification, the gas can be effectively discharged into a space above the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 221 when there is insufficient gap between the upper wall portion 43 of the cross member 40 and the upper member 31. (Second modification)

[0102] Fig. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross member and a surrounding structure thereof according to a second modification. An energy storage device 10B according to the second modification will be described with reference to Fig. 8 described.

[0103] As in Fig. 8, the energy storage device 10B of the second modification differs from the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment with respect to the position of the first opening 47 and the second opening 48 formed in the cross member 40 and the position of the first exhaust valve 216 and the second exhaust valve 226. The energy storage device 10B of the second modification is otherwise substantially the same as the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment.

[0104] In the second modification, the first opening 47 and the second opening 48 are arranged to overlap in the first direction. Furthermore, the first exhaust valve 216 and the second exhaust valve 226 are also arranged to overlap in the first direction. The first exhaust valve 216 is formed, for example, in the central portion of the first sidewall portion 213 in the vertical direction. The second exhaust valve 226 is formed, for example, in the central portion of the second sidewall portion 223 in the vertical direction.

[0105] With the configuration described above, the energy storage device 10B of the second modification can achieve substantially the same effect as the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment. In the second modification, when the emission is introduced into the cross member 40 through one of the first opening 47 and the second opening 48, it flows directly to the other of the first opening 47 and the second opening 48. However, the dynamics of the emission are suppressed by the heat insulating member 60 formed at one opening and the heat insulating member 60 formed at the other opening. Thus, the influence of heat on the energy storage cell located on the other opening side can be suppressed. (Second embodiment)

[0106] Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment. An energy storage device 10C according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 9 described.

[0107] The energy storage device 10C of the second embodiment differs from the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment mainly with respect to the arrangement and structure of the plurality of energy storage modules 20 and cross members 40, as well as the presence of partition walls 50. The energy storage device 10C of the second embodiment is otherwise substantially the same as the energy storage device 10 of the first embodiment.

[0108] In the second embodiment, the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle 1 and the second direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 in the mounted state in which the energy storage device 10C is mounted on the vehicle main body 2.

[0109] The plurality of energy storage modules 20 are arranged in a matrix in the first direction and the second direction. In the receiving housing 30, an area in which energy storage modules 20 are arranged is divided by the plurality of cross members 40 and the plurality of partition walls 50.

[0110] The cross members 40 are spaced apart from one another and arranged adjacent to one another in the first direction. Each of the cross members 40 is arranged in a gap between energy storage modules 20 that are adjacent to one another in the first direction. Each of the cross members 40 extends in the second direction. Each of the cross members 40 extends from a front wall portion 322 to a rear wall portion 323 of a lower member 32 of the receiving housing 30.

[0111] Partition walls 50 divide the space in the receiving housing 30, which is divided by cross elements 40, according to the number of the plurality of energy storage modules 20. Each of the partition walls 50 extends in the first direction. Each of the partition walls 50 can have a hollow structure.

[0112] An outlet portion 80 is formed in the upper member 31 of the accommodating case 30. The outlet portion 80 discharges the gas into the accommodating case 30 when the internal pressure in the accommodating case 30 becomes higher than a predetermined pressure. Specifically, the gas contained in the emissions from the energy storage cells included in the plurality of energy storage modules 20 is discharged into the accommodating case 30, and the gas is discharged from the accommodating case 30 when the internal pressure in the accommodating case 30 becomes higher than the predetermined pressure.

[0113] Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the interior of the energy storage device according to the second embodiment. As shown in Fig.10, the energy storage module 20 arranged on one side in the first direction of energy storage modules 20 that are adjacent to each other in the first direction comprises a first energy storage module 21 and a third energy storage module 23. The energy storage module 20 arranged on the other side in the first direction of energy storage modules 20 that are adjacent to each other in the first direction comprises the second energy storage module 22 and a fourth energy storage module 24.

[0114] In the above-described energy storage module 20 located on one side in the first direction, the first energy storage module 21 and the third energy storage module 23 are arranged to face each other in the first direction.

[0115] The first energy storage module 21 includes a plurality of first energy storage cells 211. The plurality of first energy storage cells 211 are arranged in the second direction. Each of the first energy storage cells 211 has a pair of sidewall portions in the first direction, and the first sidewall portion 213 located on the side of the nearest cross member 40 is formed with a pair of external terminals with different polarities. The sidewall portion opposite the above-described first sidewall portion 213 of the above-described pair of sidewall portions is in thermal contact with a cooler 70 described below.

[0116] The third energy storage module 23 is arranged on a side opposite to a side on which the above-described second energy storage module 22 is located with respect to the first energy storage module 21. The third energy storage module 23 has a plurality of third energy storage cells 231. The plurality of third energy storage cells 231 are arranged in the second direction. Each of the third energy storage cells 231 is arranged on a side opposite to a side on which the second energy storage cell 221 included in the above-described second energy storage module 22 is located with respect to the first energy storage cell 211. Each of the third energy storage cells 231 includes a sidewall portion on a side opposite to the side on which the first energy storage cell 211 is located, and the sidewall portion is formed with a pair of external terminals with different polarities.

[0117] In the above-described energy storage module 20 located on the other side in the first direction, the second energy storage module 22 and the fourth energy storage module 24 are arranged to face each other in the first direction.

[0118] The second energy storage module 22 includes a plurality of second energy storage cells 221. The plurality of second energy storage cells 221 are arranged in the second direction. Each of the second energy storage cells 221 has a pair of sidewall portions in the first direction, and the second sidewall portion 223 located on the side of the nearest cross member 40 is formed with a pair of external terminals with different polarities. The sidewall portion opposite the above-described second sidewall portion 223 of the above-described pair of sidewall portions is in thermal contact with the cooler 70 described below.

[0119] The fourth energy storage module 24 is arranged on a side opposite to the side on which the above-described first energy storage module 21 is located with respect to the second energy storage module 22. The fourth energy storage module 24 has a plurality of fourth energy storage cells 241. The plurality of fourth energy storage cells 241 are arranged in the second direction. Each of the fourth energy storage cells 241 is arranged on a side opposite to the side on which the first energy storage cell 211 included in the above-described first energy storage module 21 is located with respect to the second energy storage cell 221. Each of the fourth energy storage cells 241 includes a sidewall portion on a side opposite to the side on which the second energy storage cell 221 is located, and the sidewall portion is formed with a pair of external terminals with different polarities.

[0120] The first energy storage cells 211, the second energy storage cells 221, the third energy storage cells 231, and the fourth energy storage cells 241 have substantially the same configuration. Each of the first energy storage cells 211, the second energy storage cells 221, the third energy storage cells 231, and the fourth energy storage cells 241 has a flat rectangular tubular shape in the second direction.

[0121] The energy storage device 10C includes a cooler 70. The cooler 70 is formed in each of the energy storage modules 20. The cooler 70 is arranged between the energy storage modules adjacent in the second direction to cool both energy storage modules adjacent in the second direction in the energy storage modules 20. For example, in the above-described energy storage module 20 located on one side in the first direction, the cooler 70 is arranged between the first energy storage module 21 and the third energy storage module 23, as described above. Similarly, in the above-described energy storage module 20 located on the other side in the first direction, the cooler 70 is arranged between the second energy storage module 22 and the fourth energy storage module 24, as described above. The cooler 70 has a refrigerant flow path therein through which a cooling medium flows.

[0122] The cross member 40 has a first end portion and a second end portion at both ends in the second direction. The connecting portion 49 extends continuously from the first end portion side to the second end portion side.

[0123] The connecting portion 49 may have a shape that extends intermittently in the second direction to correspond to the energy storage modules 20 arranged side by side in the second direction. In this case, at a location corresponding to each energy storage module 20 (specifically, a portion of the cross member 40 facing each energy storage module 20), a length of the connecting portion 49 in the second direction may, for example, be equal to or longer than a length in the second direction from the first outlet valve 216 located on one side in the second direction of the first outlet valves 216 of the plurality of first energy storage cells 211 to the first outlet valve 216 located on the other side in the second direction of the first outlet valves 216 described above.

[0124] The cross member 40 of the first embodiment, the first modification, and the second modification can be adopted as the cross member 40 in the second embodiment. Thus, the energy storage device 10C according to the second embodiment can also achieve substantially the same effect as the energy storage device according to the first embodiment, the first modification, or the second modification.

[0125] Additionally, as described above, a cooler 70 is formed between the first energy storage cell 211 and the third energy storage cell 231. Thus, the first energy storage cell 211 can be cooled by the cooler 70, and heat transfer to the third energy storage cell 231 can be suppressed even when heat is transferred from the second energy storage cell 221 side to the first energy storage cell 211.

[0126] Similarly, the cooler 70 is formed between the second energy storage cell 221 and the fourth energy storage cell 241. Thus, the second energy storage cell 221 can be cooled by the cooler 70, and the transfer of heat to the fourth energy storage cell 241 can be suppressed even when heat is transferred from the first energy storage cell 211 side to the second energy storage cell 221. (Further modifications)

[0127] Although the example in which the first exhaust valve 216 faces the first opening 47 and the second exhaust valve 226 faces the second opening 48 was illustrated and described above in the first and second embodiments, the first modification, and the second modification, the present invention is not limited thereto. The first exhaust valve 216 does not necessarily have to face the first opening 47 as long as the first exhaust valve 216 faces the first side wall portion 213, and the second exhaust valve 226 does not necessarily have to face the second opening 48 as long as the second exhaust valve 226 faces the second side wall portion 223.

[0128] In this case, too, when the emission is expelled from one of the first exhaust valves 216 and the second exhaust valve 226, it can be introduced into the cross member 40 through the opening of the first opening and the second opening that is closer to that one of the exhaust valves. Thus, the emission can be collected inside the cross member 40.

[0129] Although the example in which the first opening 47 and the second opening 48 are formed with heat insulating members 60 has been illustrated and described above in the first and second embodiments, the first modification, and the second modification, the present invention is not limited thereto. The heat insulating members 60 may be omitted.

[0130] Although the example in which the cross member 40 has a lower wall portion 44 has been illustrated and described above in the first and second embodiments, the first modification, and the second modification, the present invention is not limited to this. The lower wall portion 44 may be omitted. In this case, a flange portion may be formed extending outward from a lower end of each of the first wall portions 41 and 42, and the flange portion may be fixed to the bottom wall portion 321 of the receiving case 30. In this case, a portion of the bottom wall portion 321 of the receiving case 30 facing the upper wall portion 43 in the height direction functions as a bottom surface defining portion that defines the bottom surface of the hollow portion H.

[0131] Although the example in which the connecting portion 49 is formed above the upper wall portion 43 or the first energy storage cell 211 and the second energy storage cell 222 has been illustrated and described above in the first and second embodiments, the first modification and the second modification, the connecting portion 49 may be formed above the first exhaust valve 216 and the second exhaust valve 226.

[0132] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning that comply with the terms of the claims. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2024-024265

[0001] JP 2023 - 165 300 A

[0003]

Claims

[1] Energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C), comprising: a first energy storage cell (211) and a second energy storage cell (221) which are spaced apart from one another and arranged side by side in a first direction; and a transverse element (40) extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and arranged in a gap between the first energy storage cell (211) and the second energy storage cell (221), wherein the first energy storage cell (211) comprises a first side wall portion (213) facing the transverse element (40), the first side wall section (213) is formed with a first outlet valve (216), the transverse element (40) is formed with a hollow portion (H) in a cross-section perpendicular to the second direction and is formed with a first opening (47) such that the first opening (47) faces the first side wall portion (213), the cross member (40) is formed with a connecting portion (49) which enables a connection between the hollow portion (H) and a space around the cross member (40), and the connecting portion (49) is formed at a position where the connecting portion (49) does not face the first exhaust valve (216). [2] The energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to claim 1, wherein the first opening (47) is arranged to face the first outlet valve (216). [3] Energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to claim 2, wherein the second energy storage cell (221) comprises a second side wall portion (223) facing the transverse element (40), the second side wall portion (223) is formed with a second outlet valve (226), and the transverse element (40) is formed with a second opening (48) so that the second opening (48) faces the second side wall portion (223). [4] The energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein the first opening (47) and the second opening (48) are covered with a heat insulating member (60) adapted to be broken. [5] The energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to claim 4, wherein the heat insulating member (60) is formed with an easily breakable portion (61). [6] The energy storage device (10, 10A, 10C) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the first opening (47) and the second opening (48) are arranged so that they can be displaced in a vertical direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction when viewed in the first direction. [7] The energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting portion (49) is formed above the first outlet valve (216) in a vertical direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. [8] Energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to claim 7, wherein a height of the transverse element (40) in the vertical direction is higher than a height of the first energy storage cell (211) and the second energy storage cell (221) in the vertical direction, and the connecting portion (49) is formed above the first energy storage cell (211) and the second energy storage cell (221). [9] Energy storage device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C) according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: a first energy storage module (21) in which a plurality of the first energy storage cells (211) are arranged in the second direction; and a second energy storage module (22) in which a plurality of the second energy storage cells (221) are arranged in the second direction, wherein the transverse element (40) is arranged between the first energy storage module (21) and the second energy storage module (22), and a length of the connecting portion (49) in the second direction is equal to or longer than a length in the second direction from a first outlet valve (216) of the first outlet valves (216) of the plurality of first energy storage cells (211) located on one side in the second direction to a first outlet valve (216) of the first outlet valves (216) of the plurality of first energy storage cells (211) located on the other side in the second direction. [10] Energy storage device (10C) according to one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a third energy storage cell (231) arranged on a side opposite to the first energy storage cell (211) in the first direction to a side on which the second energy storage cell (221) is arranged; and a cooler (70) arranged in a gap between the first energy storage cell (211) and the third energy storage cell (231) for cooling the first energy storage cell (211) and the third energy storage cell (231).

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