Method for controlling an active particulate filter regeneration of a particulate filter in a motor vehicle, system for carrying out such a method and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling active particulate filter regeneration of a particulate filter (20) in a motor vehicle (10), comprising the steps of: starting active particulate filter regeneration when the particulate filter (20) reaches a predetermined threshold; if active particulate filter regeneration is already in progress and the motor vehicle (10) is traveling in one direction on a multi-lane road (40, 42, 46) within a built-up area; checking which of the lanes (40, 42, 46) is furthest from the largest crowd (50) or an infrastructure area for pedestrian traffic and / or pedestrian access; and then autonomously or semi-autonomously changing to this lane (40), or at least suggesting it, provided the motor vehicle (10) is not already on this lane (40);If active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary, and it is detected that there is a crowd of people, an infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a gathering of people, or a traffic jam within a predetermined distance along the currently traveled route: suppress active particulate filter regeneration until the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a gathering of people, or the traffic jam has been passed, or determine an alternative route that bypasses the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a gathering of people, or the traffic jam, whereby active particulate filter regeneration is started when the motor vehicle (10) travels on the determined alternative route. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system (30) for carrying out such a method and to a motor vehicle (10) with such a system (30).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for controlling an active particulate filter regeneration of a particulate filter in a motor vehicle, a system for carrying out such a method and a motor vehicle with such a system.

[0002] GB 2 479 196 A relates to a method for regenerating a diesel particulate filter of a motor vehicle equipped with a navigation system. The method checks whether the filter needs regeneration and whether a future route is known. If so, it determines whether optimal regeneration is possible along the route. If so, a desired start and end point for the regeneration are determined using the navigation system based on the planned route, and the regeneration is carried out between these points. Start conditions can be the reaching of a geographical point, and end conditions can be the reaching of a geographical point and / or a certain elapsed time after the start of regeneration. The start point is preferably determined by specifying the road type, expected speed, terrain, and traffic conditions. If the optimal regeneration conditions are not met, it is checked whether the particulate filter is overloaded.If so, the best starting and stopping points for a forced regeneration will be determined.

[0003] DE 10 2014 016 420 A1 relates to a method for operating a hybrid vehicle with a particulate filter. In a first operating mode, particulate filter regeneration is initiated only if a navigation system detects that an upcoming electric driving zone is being entered, in which the operation of the internal combustion engine and / or particulate filter regeneration are undesirable. Regeneration preferably takes place in a preceding regeneration zone if one exists before the electric driving zone. Additionally, the particulate filter fill level and the torque of the internal combustion engine are taken into account when deciding whether to initiate regeneration. If a limit fill level is exceeded, the system switches to a second operating mode in which regeneration is initiated immediately.

[0004] CN 1 09 838 296 A relates to a method and a system for the regeneration management of a particulate filter with a driver guidance function. Information about the regeneration process is provided to the driver via an output device to encourage active intervention in controlling the filter regeneration, for example, by changing driving behavior or route planning to a driving mode that promotes regeneration. If the predetermined regeneration conditions are not met, an auxiliary strategy is initiated that provides the driver with vehicle- or navigation-related data to guide them to a driving mode that promotes regeneration. The invention enables active real-time control of the regeneration process and the achievement of an ideal regeneration effect.

[0005] It is known from US case number 2017 / 0 235 310 A1 that vehicles are equipped with internal combustion engines containing particulate filters to improve fuel efficiency and performance. These filters serve to capture fine particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas. To regenerate the particulate filter, its temperature is increased to burn off the accumulated particulate matter.

[0006] The object of the invention is to enable a method for particle filter regeneration which reduces the impairment in the vehicle environment.

[0007] This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims, the description, and the figures. Features, advantages, and possible embodiments set forth in the description for one of the subject matter of the independent claims are to be regarded, at least analogously, as features, advantages, and possible embodiments of the respective subject matter of the other independent claims, as well as of any possible combination of the subject matter of the independent claims, optionally in conjunction with one or more of the dependent claims.

[0008] According to the invention, a method for controlling active particulate filter regeneration in a motor vehicle is provided. Active particulate filter regeneration is initiated when the particulate filter's load reaches a predetermined threshold. If active particulate filter regeneration is already underway and the motor vehicle is traveling in one direction on a multi-lane road within a built-up area, the system checks which lane is furthest from the largest crowd of people or an infrastructure area for pedestrian traffic and / or pedestrian gatherings. The system then autonomously or semi-autonomously performs, or at least suggests, a change to this lane, provided the motor vehicle is not already in that lane.If active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary, and it is detected that there is a crowd of people, an infrastructure area for public transport and / or people gathering, or a traffic jam within a specified distance along the currently driven route: Active particulate filter regeneration will be suppressed until the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for public transport and / or people gathering, or the traffic jam has been passed, or an alternative route will be determined that bypasses the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for public transport and / or people gathering, or the traffic jam, whereby active particulate filter regeneration will be started when the vehicle travels on the determined alternative route.

[0009] The invention has the advantage that active particulate filter regeneration can be controlled in such a way as to minimize the impact on the immediate surroundings. Particulate filter regeneration, for example that of a diesel particulate filter (DPF), can typically lead to increased noise and exhaust emissions. In urban environments, this can disturb pedestrians, cyclists, residents, animals, etc. The method according to the invention takes such gatherings of people or areas of heavy traffic into account and adjusts the particulate filter regeneration accordingly.

[0010] A motor vehicle within the scope of the invention can be understood as a powered vehicle. A motor vehicle within the scope of the invention can, in particular, be a passenger car that is semi-autonomously or fully autonomously controllable. A motor vehicle within the scope of the invention can have a diesel engine or a gasoline engine. A motor vehicle within the scope of the invention has a particulate filter.

[0011] A particulate filter within the scope of the invention can be understood as a device for separating and filtering particles from an exhaust gas stream, in particular the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine such as a diesel or gasoline engine. A particulate filter within the scope of the invention typically serves the purpose of reducing particulate emissions generated during combustion and cleaning the exhaust gases of pollutants before they are released into the environment. Such a particulate filter is typically constructed of a porous, temperature-resistant material through which the exhaust gases flow. As the exhaust gases flow through, the particles are trapped in the filter material and thus separated from the gas stream. The separated particles include, in particular, soot, ash, and unburned hydrocarbons.Such a particulate filter can be designed, for example, as a surface filter or a depth filter. In a surface filter, the particles primarily accumulate on the surface of the filter medium, whereas in a depth filter, the particles penetrate deep into the porous filter material and are deposited there. To prevent clogging of such a particulate filter, it is typically additionally equipped with an active or passive regeneration device that burns off the accumulated soot particles at regular intervals, thus cleaning the filter and enabling continuous operation of the particulate filter over a long service life. The motor vehicle according to the invention, which has a particulate filter, also has a corresponding regeneration device.The motor vehicle according to the invention, which has a particulate filter, also has a corresponding regeneration device.

[0012] In this context, particulate filter regeneration within the scope of the invention can be understood as a process in which the soot particles and other deposits accumulated in a particulate filter are removed at regular intervals to prevent clogging of the filter and to maintain its function. Such regeneration is particularly necessary for particulate filters used in motor vehicles with internal combustion engines such as diesel or gasoline engines, since soot and other combustion residues accumulate in the filter with increasing operating time and impair its filtering effect. Particulate filter regeneration within the scope of the invention can be implemented in various ways, with a typical distinction being made between active and passive regeneration methods.Active regeneration involves targeted measures such as the injection of additional fuel or an increase in exhaust gas temperature to induce combustion of the accumulated soot particles. Passive regeneration, on the other hand, utilizes the heat contained in the exhaust gas and special coatings on the filter medium to effect continuous oxidation of the soot deposits. A particulate filter regeneration system according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that it is controlled based on various operating parameters of the vehicle, such as engine load, exhaust gas temperature, and differential pressure at the particulate filter. This ensures that regeneration always occurs at the optimal time and with the required intensity to guarantee effective filter cleaning while simultaneously avoiding unnecessary fuel consumption and wear.

[0013] In the context of the invention, the loading of a particulate filter can be understood as the degree of accumulation of particles and deposits in the filter material, which builds up continuously during the operation of an internal combustion engine. The loading is typically characterized by the quantity and type of substances retained in the filter, in particular soot particles, ash, and other combustion residues, which accumulate in the pore structures and on the surfaces of the filter material. The loading of a particulate filter is typically influenced by various factors, such as the engine's operating conditions, the quality of the fuel used, and the frequency and effectiveness of previous regeneration cycles.The detection and monitoring of the soot load is typically achieved by measuring characteristic parameters such as exhaust back pressure or by using special sensor systems that enable a precise determination of the current filter load. An advantageous design of the load monitoring system can be to use this information for the optimal control of subsequent regeneration processes and for predictive maintenance planning of the particulate filter system. The load level of a particulate filter is typically specified in grams of soot per liter of filter volume (g / l). This unit allows for a precise quantification of the actual amount of soot in relation to the size of the filter. Typical values ​​for a diesel particulate filter are in the ranges < 2 g / L (new / regenerated), 2-8 g / L (normal load), and > 8-12 g / L (critical load).Alternatively or additionally, the degree of loading can also be represented as a relative loading status in percent, based on the maximum holding capacity of the specific filter. In this context, a predefined threshold value could be, for example, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.

[0014] The particle filter regeneration and / or the particle filter loading according to the invention is monitored by suitable sensors. The system according to the invention can include said sensors for monitoring or access such sensors.

[0015] A multi-lane road with several lanes within the scope of the invention can be understood as a traffic route which, by its structural design, has at least two parallel lanes in each direction of travel, separated from each other by lane markings or structural elements. This type of road is particularly characteristic of main traffic arteries in urban areas, as well as expressways and highways that must cope with high traffic volumes. Such a multi-lane road is typically characterized by its specific traffic management, which allows vehicles to change lanes within the same direction of travel and thus perform overtaking or turning maneuvers. The individual lanes typically have a standard width that ensures safe passage for motor vehicles of different sizes.In one embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that special lanes for certain road users such as buses or bicycles are recognized and taken into account.

[0016] A gathering of people within the scope of the invention can be understood as a temporary meeting of several individuals at a specific location, whereby this gathering can arise both planned and spontaneously. This constellation is characterized in particular by the spatial proximity of the people to one another, who typically remain in a limited area and thereby create an increased local population density. Such a gathering of people is typically characterized by its dynamic nature, which manifests itself in various movement patterns and interactions of the individuals involved. An infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or passenger presence within the scope of the invention can be understood as a spatially delimited area that primarily serves the movement or presence of people.This is characterized in particular by facilities and installations specifically designed to meet the needs and requirements of passenger traffic and / or gatherings. An infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or gatherings within the scope of the invention can, in particular, be a stop for public transport such as buses or trams, a designated bicycle lane and / or a pedestrian walkway, as well as an area with high passenger volume such as a kindergarten or a school. In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that, when detecting crowds of people in infrastructure areas for passenger traffic and / or gatherings, their characteristics such as size, density, age, and movement patterns are also detected by suitable sensors, such as a camera device, and recognized by means of image analysis.Such image analysis can typically be performed using a computer-aided method for the automated analysis of image data, which, through special algorithms and image processing methods, enables the detection, classification, and quantification of crowds in these specific areas. Examples of areas that can be detected include queues at bus stops, groups of people at pedestrian crossings, cyclists in designated bike lanes, kindergarten groups in appropriate facilities, pedestrians on sidewalks, and, if applicable, animals in these infrastructure areas. In a further embodiment of the invention, the image analysis can be supplemented by additional sensor data, for example, data from LiDAR or radar sensors, to further increase the reliability of detection in the aforementioned infrastructure areas.The system according to the invention can include or access such a camera device, LiDAR or radar sensor and perform corresponding image analyses.

[0017] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the invention, the detection of crowds in infrastructure areas for public transport and / or public gatherings can be carried out using swarm data in combination with map data. For example, data from mobile network operators or navigation services such as Google Maps can be used to identify areas with high population density. By comparing this data with map data, typical locations for crowds within these infrastructure areas, such as bus stops, event venues, or shopping centers, can be reliably identified without requiring sensors in the immediate vicinity of the respective crowds.In one embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that such swarm data are combined with the sensor data described above, which enables an even more comprehensive and accurate recording of the crowds of people in the aforementioned infrastructure areas for passenger traffic and / or people's presence.

[0018] An autonomous or semi-autonomous control system within the scope of the invention can be understood as an operating mode of the motor vehicle in which its longitudinal and / or lateral control is temporarily or permanently taken over completely or partially by an electronic control system, without requiring continuous monitoring or input from the driver. Accordingly, a motor vehicle according to the invention, which is capable of autonomous or semi-autonomous control, can have the necessary sensors and actuators by means of which it can perceive its environment, process this information, and, based on this, independently make and implement decisions regarding longitudinal and lateral control.An autonomous or semi-autonomous control system within the scope of the invention can be implemented in various forms and levels, for example, as assistance functions that merely support individual driving maneuvers such as keeping to the lane or maintaining a safe distance, up to fully autonomous control in which all driving functions are taken over by the vehicle's control system. Autonomous control is characterized in particular by the fact that the vehicle is able to navigate safely and purposefully without any intervention from the driver and to react appropriately to traffic situations and environmental conditions. This requires comprehensive environmental perception as well as highly developed decision-making and control algorithms that enable complete control over the vehicle.

[0019] A traffic jam within the scope of the invention can be understood as a traffic situation in which road users, due to a significantly increased traffic density, can only proceed at reduced speed or not at all. A traffic jam is typically characterized, in particular, by the fact that the flow of traffic is considerably disrupted for an extended period and the vehicles are closely packed together or can only move at reduced speed, for example, at walking pace. The system according to the invention can detect such a traffic jam, for example, by means of a camera device and the aforementioned image analysis. For this purpose, the number of road users detected by environmental sensors per road segment can be evaluated and compared with threshold values ​​for a traffic jam.The system can also detect traffic jams using additional information from digital traffic maps, real-time traffic reports, or Car-to-X communication, which increases the reliability of the detection.

[0020] In this context, increased traffic density within the scope of the invention can be understood as a situation in which the number of vehicles per road segment is significantly higher than a normal value related to the respective traffic situation, without yet constituting a traffic jam in the above sense. Consequently, increased traffic density according to the invention is typically accompanied by a reduction in the average speed of road users as well as more frequent braking and acceleration maneuvers. The detection of increased traffic density in a motor vehicle according to the invention can be carried out by the system according to the invention in an analogous manner to traffic jam detection, whereby the threshold values ​​for the number of detected road users and the average speed can be adjusted accordingly.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the active particulate filter regeneration is already started before the particulate filter loading reaches the predetermined threshold value, as soon as the motor vehicle travels on a multi-lane road with several lanes in one direction within a built-up area, whereby it is checked which of the lanes is furthest away from a cycle path or a bus stop, after which a change to this lane is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously or at least suggested, provided that the motor vehicle is not already on this lane.This has the advantage that regeneration can be carried out on suitable road sections when a favorable distance can be achieved, for example, when driving on a multi-lane road by changing to the left outer lane, an increased distance to the edge of the road can be achieved where one or more bus stops are located or where a cycle path is directly adjacent.

[0022] In one embodiment of the invention, active particulate filter regeneration may be prevented if it is detected that the lane intended for changing lanes has a high occupancy rate. In such cases, a lane change to a less busy lane is performed autonomously or semi-autonomously, or at least suggested, provided the vehicle is not already in that lane. This has the advantage of avoiding particulate filter regeneration when the vehicle has to reduce its speed due to increased traffic density, which would otherwise lead to locally increased noise and emission pollution during particulate filter regeneration.

[0023] In one embodiment of the invention, active particulate filter regeneration can be prevented from starting if it is detected that the vehicle is in an urban area or a low-emission zone. The initiation of active particulate filter regeneration is delayed at least until the vehicle has left the urban area or low-emission zone, or until the particulate filter loading reaches a predetermined critical threshold. This has the advantage that by selectively delaying or omitting active regeneration in urban areas or low-emission zones, the emissions that typically increase during regeneration, such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, are avoided. At the same time, the possibility of a delayed start to regeneration ensures that it still occurs in time before excessive loading and clogging of the particulate filter occurs.In this way, the inventive control of the particulate filter regeneration contributes to an overall lower-pollutant and more environmentally friendly exhaust aftertreatment, without impairing the technical function of the particulate filter or risking any damage to it.

[0024] In one embodiment of the invention, active particulate filter regeneration can be initiated only once the engine parameters reach a predetermined operating state favorable for regeneration. This has the advantage that, by taking the current engine parameters into account, it can be ensured that active regeneration always takes place under technically favorable conditions, enabling effective and low-emission combustion of the accumulated soot particles. For example, this ensures that the exhaust gas temperatures required for regeneration are reliably reached without the need for additional fuel injection.Furthermore, by waiting for suitable operating conditions, it can be avoided that regeneration is started during transient engine states such as acceleration or deceleration, which can lead to incomplete combustion and increased pollutant emissions.

[0025] In one embodiment of the invention, active particulate filter regeneration can be prevented from starting if it is detected that the destination will be reached within a predefined time or distance. This has the advantage of avoiding unnecessary emissions and fuel consumption in the immediate vicinity of the destination. For example, a destination might be located in a densely populated area or town, such as near a residential building or a parking garage, where local pollution levels are often already elevated, so that every avoidable regeneration process represents a valuable contribution to environmental protection.Furthermore, this prevents a regeneration process that begins shortly before reaching the destination from being interrupted and incomplete due to the short remaining driving distance. Such an interruption could lead to the particulate filter only being partially cleaned, and the soot deposits could then burn uncontrollably during a subsequent cold start of the engine, resulting in increased pollutant emissions. This also prevents the engine control unit from raising the idle speed again after reaching the destination and before switching off the engine to complete an active regeneration, which would increase emissions and noise pollution. The system may be designed to use navigation systems (e.g., satellite-based such as GPS, GLONASS, etc.), Car-to-X, or Car-to-Car communication systems to determine that the destination is likely to be reached within a predefined time or distance.

[0026] In one embodiment of the invention, the detection of traffic jams and / or the occupancy level of a lane and / or the largest gathering of people can be carried out using swarm data. This has the advantage that the use of anonymized GPS, speed, and acceleration data from a large number of vehicles, as well as location data from mobile phone users, enables the recording of traffic conditions and pedestrian density in real time and with high spatial resolution. For example, the formation and spread of traffic jams can be detected even before they have fully developed. Furthermore, swarm data also makes it possible to estimate the utilization of individual lanes, thereby reliably identifying asymmetrical traffic distributions, such as those caused by construction sites, accidents, or entrances and exits.By comparing the data with map information, typical locations for crowds, such as bus stops, event venues, or shopping centers, can also be identified. The system could therefore use swarm data, provided for example by numerous navigation systems, smartphones, or via Car-to-X communication, to determine the current traffic situation, the occupancy of individual lanes, and crowds, and from this, identify traffic jams, slow-moving traffic, or high pedestrian density.

[0027] In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that if active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary, and it is detected that there is an incline in front of the vehicle in the direction of travel, wherein the vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric motor: active particulate filter regeneration is carried out along the incline, the internal combustion engine generating additional torque which is compensated by the electric motor, and if the vehicle subsequently travels downhill, air is routed through the exhaust system by means of the internal combustion engine under overrun fuel cut-off to support active particulate filter regeneration. This has the advantage that the additional engine torque during the incline causes the exhaust gas temperature to rise rapidly, thus creating favorable conditions for regeneration.During the subsequent downhill stretch, the engine's overrun fuel cut-off and the increased airflow through the exhaust system raise the oxygen content in the particulate filter, further promoting regeneration. This allows for efficient regeneration without having to run the combustion engine under high load for the entire regeneration period, thus reducing emissions and noise. In hybrid vehicles, some of the energy used during the downhill section can also be recovered by charging the battery, further increasing the energy efficiency of the regeneration process.In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that if active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary, wherein the motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric machine: carrying out active particulate filter regeneration, wherein the internal combustion engine first generates an additional torque which compensates the electric machine, and subsequently, by means of the internal combustion engine, air is directed through the exhaust tract to support active particulate filter regeneration under overrun shutdown.

[0028] Such a function, also known as an air pump function, within the scope of the invention can be understood in this context as an operating mode of the internal combustion engine in which it is specifically used as an air pump to achieve an increased air mass flow and scavenging effect in the exhaust system. Such an air pump function is typically used in active exhaust aftertreatment systems such as particulate filters to provide the excess oxygen required for regeneration and to remove deposits from the exhaust system. The air pump function is typically achieved by selectively suppressing or reducing fuel injection and combustion, while adjusting the valve timing and, if applicable, the exhaust gas recirculation to ensure a high fresh air flow through the engine and the downstream exhaust system.This can be achieved, for example, by delaying the closing of the intake valves, opening the exhaust valves early, or deactivating exhaust gas recirculation. Such a function can be provided by the engine control unit (ECU).

[0029] According to the invention, a system is also provided which is designed to carry out the method according to the invention. For this purpose, the system can, for example, interact with or control the engine control unit (ECU), the transmission control unit (TCU), and the SCR control unit (control unit for selective catalytic reduction). The system can comprise a physically integrated unit or a logically interacting unit consisting of several control units connected via a communication interface and jointly providing the functionality of the method according to the invention, regardless of whether the functionality is provided completely or partially by one or more control units, whereby the control units can interact to implement the logic of the method. Examples of such control units are: engine control unit (ECU), camera control unit, LiDAR control unit, radar control unit.Furthermore, the system may incorporate one or more sensors to perform the procedure. For example, the system may use a camera, a LiDAR sensor, or a radar sensor to monitor the traffic area in front of the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the system may incorporate or access other means of monitoring the traffic area in front of the vehicle, such as navigation systems (e.g., satellite-based such as GPS, GLONASS, and the like), Car-to-X, or Car-to-Car communication systems (e.g., for accessing swarm data). The system may also incorporate sensors such as a differential pressure sensor, an exhaust gas temperature sensor, and / or a lambda sensor to monitor the particulate filter and its regeneration.Alternatively or additionally, the system may also include other means for monitoring the particulate filter and the regeneration of the particulate filter.

[0030] According to the invention, a motor vehicle is also provided which has the system according to the invention or possible embodiments of the system according to the invention.

[0031] Further features of the invention may become apparent from the following description of the figures and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features shown below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures themselves, can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0032] The drawing shows in: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a motor vehicle with a particulate filter and a system for carrying out a particulate filter regeneration process; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a motor vehicle traveling on a multi-lane road, with a group of people indicated next to the right-hand outer lane; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of the motor vehicle traveling on a road with several lanes and an exit, with a traffic jam indicated on all three lanes;

[0033] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

[0034] A motor vehicle 10 is shown in a schematic representation in Fig. Figure 1 shows the motor vehicle 10 comprising a particulate filter 20 and a system 30 for carrying out the particulate filter regeneration process. The system 30 can monitor the particulate filter regeneration and / or the particulate filter 20's loading by means of suitable sensors (not shown here) and control the regeneration, either directly or, for example, via the engine control unit (not shown here). The system 30 includes at least one camera device (not shown here) for monitoring the traffic area in front of the motor vehicle.

[0035] Motor vehicle 10 is shown in a schematic representation in Fig. Figure 2 shows the motor vehicle 10 traveling on a multi-lane road with three lanes 40, 42, and 46 within a built-up area. The arrows on lanes 40, 42, and 46 indicate that they all point in the same direction. A group of people 50 is also indicated in the immediate vicinity of lane 46.

[0036] In the event that active particulate filter regeneration of particulate filter 20 is already in progress, the following procedure can be performed. The system then checks which of the lanes 40, 42, or 46 is furthest from the largest group of people 50. To perform this check, system 30 includes a camera device (not shown here) that provides data about the surroundings of vehicle 10, which is evaluated by system 30 using image analysis. Based on this image analysis, it is determined that lane 40 is furthest from the group of people 50. Therefore, a change to lane 40 is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously, or at least suggested, provided that vehicle 10 is not already in lane 42, which is not the case, since vehicle 10 is traveling in lane 46. The autonomously or semi-autonomously carried out, or at least suggested, change to lane 40 is then performed, provided that vehicle 10 is not already in lane 42, which is not the case, since vehicle 10 is traveling in lane 46.The recommended change from lane 46 to lane 40 is indicated by the dashed arrow.

[0037] Motor vehicle 10 is shown in a schematic representation in Fig. Figure 3 shows the motor vehicle 10 traveling on a multi-lane road with three lanes 40a, 42a, and 46a within a built-up area, with an exit 48 branching off from lane 46 also shown. The arrows on lanes 40a, 42a, and 46a indicate that they all point in the same direction. Several vehicles are arranged on all three lanes 40a, 42a, and 46a to suggest a traffic jam.

[0038] If active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but is required or about to be carried out because the particulate filter 20 has reached a predefined threshold of 70%, the following procedure can be followed. If it is detected that a traffic jam exists along the currently traveled route on lanes 40a, 42a, and 46a within a predefined distance, for example, 800 m, the system 30 includes a camera device (not shown here) that provides data about the vehicle 10's surroundings, which is evaluated by the system 30 using image analysis. Based on this image evaluation, the system 30 detects that a traffic jam has formed on lanes 40a, 42a, and 46a. The detection of the traffic jam on lanes (40a, 42a, and 46a) can alternatively or additionally also be carried out using swarm data.Because a traffic jam has been detected, active particulate filter regeneration is suppressed until the jam has been cleared. Alternatively, an alternative route (not shown here) is determined that bypasses the traffic jam. This alternative route is accessible via exit 48, which is located in front of vehicle 10 and is also detected by system 30 based on the described image analysis. The route to exit 48 is indicated by the dashed arrow. Active particulate filter regeneration is initiated when vehicle 10 travels on the determined alternative route.

[0039] Active particulate filter regeneration is not initiated if the system detects that the vehicle is in an urban area or environmental zone, which can be determined, for example, using navigation data from system 30. In such cases, the initiation of active particulate filter regeneration is delayed at least until the vehicle 10 has left the urban area or environmental zone, or until the particulate filter 20 reaches a predefined critical threshold, for example, 90%. Active particulate filter regeneration only begins once the engine parameters reach a predefined operating condition favorable for regeneration.It would be conceivable, for example, that after exiting at junction 48, the motor vehicle 10 travels on a country road as part of the alternative route, where a higher engine load can be achieved by allowing a maximum speed of 100 km / h, which can keep the exhaust gas temperatures at a temperature level favorable for the regeneration of the particulate filter 20.

[0040] Active particulate filter regeneration can also be started before the particulate filter load reaches the specified threshold, as soon as the vehicle is driven as described in the manual. Fig. Figure 2 shows a multi-lane road with several lanes (40, 42, 46) traveling in one direction within a built-up area, checking which lane is furthest from a cycle path (not shown here) or a bus stop (not shown here). Instead of the one shown in Fig.In the case of the group of people 50 shown in Figure 2, a bus stop could be located at the same point, or a cycle path could run along the right side of lane 46. Therefore, in the described scenario, the lane furthest from a cycle path or a bus stop would also be lane 40. A change to lane 40 is then suggested or at least semi-automatically carried out, provided the vehicle 10 is not already in lane 40, which it is not. However, active particulate filter regeneration is not initiated if it is detected that lane 40, intended for the change, has a high occupancy rate (not shown here). In such a case, a change to a lane with a lower occupancy rate is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously, or at least suggested, provided the vehicle 10 is not already in that lane.It is assumed that lane 42 has a lower occupancy rate than lane 40, so it is proposed to switch to lane 42. This switch can also be carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously. The occupancy rate of lanes 40, 42, and 46 can also be determined, for example, using swarm data.

[0041] Active particulate filter regeneration is not initiated if it is detected that the destination will be reached within a predefined time or distance. For example, if the system 30 determines, based on data from the camera device regarding the vehicle's surroundings and image analysis, that the vehicle is already in close proximity to a regularly visited destination, active particulate filter regeneration is not started.

[0042] If active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being performed, but becomes necessary, and an incline is detected ahead of the vehicle 10 in the direction of travel (the vehicle 10 comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric motor), active particulate filter regeneration is carried out along the incline. The internal combustion engine generates additional torque, which is compensated for by the electric motor. If the vehicle 10 subsequently travels downhill, air is routed through the exhaust system by the internal combustion engine under overrun fuel cut-off to support active particulate filter regeneration. Due to the additional engine torque during the incline, the exhaust gas temperature rises rapidly, allowing the engine parameters to reach a predetermined operating state favorable for regeneration more quickly.During the subsequent downhill section, the engine's overrun fuel cut-off and the increased airflow through the exhaust system raise the oxygen content in the particulate filter 20, further promoting regeneration. It may also be possible to perform such regeneration while driving on a level stretch of road. Reference symbol list 10 motor vehicle 20 particulate filters 30 System 40 lanes 40a Lane 42 lanes 42a Lane 46 lanes 46a Lane Exit 48 50 people gathering

Claims

[1] Method for controlling an active particulate filter regeneration of a particulate filter (20) in a motor vehicle (10), comprising the steps: - Starting active particulate filter regeneration when the particulate filter loading (20) reaches a predetermined threshold, wherein - if active particulate filter regeneration is already being carried out and the motor vehicle (10) is traveling in one direction on a multi-lane road with several lanes (40, 42, 46) within a built-up area, it is checked which of the lanes (40, 42, 46) is furthest away from the largest gathering of people (50) or an infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or people staying, after which a change to this lane (40) is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously or at least suggested, provided that the motor vehicle (10) is not already on this lane (40); - if active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary and it is detected that there is a crowd of people, an infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a place where people are staying, or a traffic jam within a specified distance along the currently driven route: suppress active particulate filter regeneration until the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a place where people are staying, or the traffic jam has been passed, or determine an alternative route that bypasses the crowd of people, the infrastructure area for passenger traffic and / or a place where people are staying, or the traffic jam, whereby active particulate filter regeneration is started when the vehicle (10) travels on the determined alternative route. [2] Method according to claim 1, wherein the active particulate filter regeneration is already started before the loading of the particulate filter (20) reaches the predetermined threshold value, as soon as the motor vehicle (10) travels in one direction on a multi-lane road with several lanes (40, 42, 46) in an urban area, checking which of the lanes (40, 42, 46) is furthest away from a cycle path or a bus stop, after which a change to this lane (40) is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously or at least suggested, provided that the motor vehicle (10) is not already on this lane (40). [3] Method according to claim 2, wherein the active particulate filter regeneration is not started if it is detected that the lane (40) intended for changing has an increased occupancy level, after which a change to a lane (42) with a lower occupancy level is carried out autonomously or semi-autonomously or at least suggested, provided that the motor vehicle (10) is not already on this lane (42). [4] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the active particulate filter regeneration is not started when it is detected that the motor vehicle (10) is in an urban area or an environmental zone, and the starting of the active particulate filter regeneration is delayed at least until the motor vehicle (10) has left the urban area or the environmental zone, or the loading of the particulate filter (20) reaches a predetermined critical threshold. [5] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the active particulate filter regeneration is only started once the engine parameters reach a predetermined operating state favorable for regeneration. [6] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein active particulate filter regeneration is not started when it is detected that the destination will be reached in a predefined time or distance. [7] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection of the traffic jam and / or the occupancy level of a lane (40, 42, 46, 40a, 42a, 46a) and / or the largest group of people (50) is carried out using swarm data. [8] A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein if active particulate filter regeneration is not currently being carried out, but becomes necessary and it is detected that there is an incline in front of the motor vehicle (10) in the direction of travel, wherein the motor vehicle (10) comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric machine: carrying out active particulate filter regeneration along the incline, wherein the internal combustion engine generates an additional torque which is compensated by the electric machine, wherein if the motor vehicle (10) subsequently travels downhill, air is directed through the exhaust tract by means of the internal combustion engine under overrun fuel cut-off to support active particulate filter regeneration. [9] System (30) designed to carry out a method according to any of the preceding claims. [10] Motor vehicle (10) with a system (30) according to claim 9.

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