Plant, in particular a rail system and methods for operating the plant

Abstract

Installation, in particular a railway installation, wherein the system comprises a rail system having main segments and at least one separating segment and a mobile unit movable along the rails of the rail system, wherein the handset can be supplied with electrical power from the first busbars via a sliding contact and data can be exchanged with the handset acting as a slave via the second busbars, wherein a first master is connected to the second busbars of a main segment and a second master is connected to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the busbars of the respective main segment are galvanically isolated from the busbars of the respective separating segment, where, during the transition from the main segment to the separating segment, a current collector of the handset galvanically connects the second busbars of the main segment with the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the handset acting as slave is configured to ignore messages from the master of the separating segment in the time range in which messages from the master of the main segment and messages from the master of the separating segment are received by the handset acting as slave.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system, in particular a rail system, and a method for operating the system.

[0002] It is generally known that in the data transmission protocol according to ASI or ASI-5, a master sends messages to a slave at regular intervals.

[0003] From DE 10 2014 221 350 A1, the closest prior art is known to be the decoupling of communication segments in a conductor network.

[0004] A method for operating a plant is known from EP 1 851 599 B1.

[0005] From DE 10 2007 003 010 B4, a system with consumers supplied via a supply line is known.

[0006] From EP 2 029 386 B1, a system for electrical energy transmission for rail-bound devices is known.

[0007] The invention is therefore based on the objective of further developing a rail system in such a way that the safest possible operation can be achieved.

[0008] According to the invention, the problem is solved in the system according to the features specified in claim 1 and in the method according to the features specified in claim 12.

[0009] Important features of the invention in the system, in particular a rail system, are that the system has a rail system comprising main segments and at least one separating segment, and a mobile part movable along the rails of the rail system. in particular wherein the separating segment is arranged in the rail direction between two main segments, wherein the handset can be supplied with electrical power from the first busbars via a sliding contact and data can be exchanged with the handset acting as a slave via the second busbars, wherein a first master is connected to the second busbars of a main segment and a second master is connected to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the second busbars of the respective main segment are spaced apart and / or galvanically isolated from the second busbars of the respective separating segment, where, during the transition from the main segment to the separating segment, a current collector or current collector system of the handset galvanically connects the second busbars of the main segment to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the handset acting as a slave is configured to ignore messages, in particular data telegrams, from the master of the separating segment in the time range in which messages from the master of the main segment and messages from the master of the separating segment are received by the handset acting as a slave, in particular and otherwise to exchange data with the master whose messages are received by the handset.

[0010] An advantage of this is that safe operation is possible. When the handset crosses the separation point between the main segment and the separation segment, the handset's current collector, which is in sliding contact with the second busbars of the main segment, also comes into sliding contact with the second busbars of the separation segment. Therefore, while crossing the separation point, the handset receives messages not only from the master of the main segment but also from the master of the separation segment. According to the invention, however, this is detected, and the handset, acting as a slave, then ignores the messages from the master of the separation segment. Once the handset has fully entered the separation segment, it receives only the messages from the master of the separation segment and then communicates with this master in the manner specified by the data transmission protocol, in particular ASI or ASI-5.This ensures a clear and unambiguous operating procedure for the handset, thereby increasing operational safety.

[0011] The second busbars operate at low voltage, while the first busbars operate at a higher voltage than this low voltage. This allows for power transmission via the first busbars and data transmission via the second busbars.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a voltage level between 50 and 60 volts is applied to the second busbars. An advantage of this is that the formation of a corrosive layer, such as copper patina or the like, is prevented in the area of ​​the second busbars intended for the sliding contact. This is because the low voltage used is sufficiently high to inhibit corrosive chemical processes.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, each of the masters sends messages to the handset acting as a slave at regular intervals, in particular with a time interval Δt. where at least two such dispatches of one of the masters take place within the time period, In particular, where the time interval is greater than 2 x Δt, i.e., twice the time interval Δt. It is advantageous that the short-circuiting or galvanic connection of the second busbars of the main segment and the isolating segment is detected by the fact that, within a time interval encompassing two successive transmissions of messages from the master of the main segment, a message from the master of the isolating segment is received.

[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the time interval is shorter than the duration of the galvanic connection during the transition of the handset from the main segment to the isolation segment at its maximum permissible speed. The advantage here is that the duration is determined by the maximum permissible speed of the handset, and therefore the time interval in which messages are received by both the master of the main segment and the master of the isolation segment is clearly defined.

[0015] In a preferred configuration, data transmission between the handset acting as a slave and the respective master is carried out according to the ASI data transmission protocol, or is executed specifically according to the ASI-5 data transmission protocol. The advantage here is that interference-resistant transmission with a high data transmission rate is achievable.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the respective master uses a respective frequency band or frequency channel. In particular, the master of the separation segment uses a different frequency band or frequency channel than the masters of the respective main segment. An advantage of this is that it is easy and reliable to detect whether the master of the main segment and the master of the separation segment are simultaneously sending messages to the slave, especially in the time domain.

[0017] In an advantageous design, the masters are each designed as part of a respective double master, Each dual master unit has a common power supply, in particular a switching power supply, for both master units. The advantage of this design is that it allows for a cost-effective implementation and prevents uncontrollable situations even in the event of a short circuit.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the separating segment is arranged to be relatively movable relative to a main segment and functions as a switch. In particular, in a first position of the separating segment, a straight rail section of the separating segment is effective, and in a second position of the separating segment, a curved rail section of the separating segment is effective. An advantage of this is that a switch function can be implemented by means of shifting. The master of the separating segment supplies both rail sections, i.e., the straight rail section and the curved rail section.

[0019] Nevertheless, the total length of the rails of the separating segment acting as a switch is at least ten times shorter in the direction of the rails than the length of the skin segment in the direction of the rails.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, a first piece of information A is added to all messages, especially data telegrams, of a master of a main segment, and a second piece of information B is added to all messages, especially telegrams, of a master of a separating segment. An advantage of this is that it allows for easy detection of when the separation point between the main segment and the separating segment is crossed.

[0021] In an advantageous configuration, the system is a monorail. The advantage here is that the system can be assembled from main segments and separating segments, with each main segment being longer in the track direction than each separating segment and even being extendable to a maximum permissible length at which the permissible data transmission range is not exceeded.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment, the separating segment is always longer in the rail direction than the total length, measured in the rail direction, of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the current collector of the handset or of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the entire current collector system of the handset. In particular, this ensures that during the transition, at most only a single disconnect point between the disconnect segment and a main segment can be short-circuited by the pantograph or the current collector system of the mobile unit. The advantage here is that only a single disconnect point can be short-circuited by the mobile unit when passing over it, and the short-circuiting of two disconnect points spaced apart in the direction of travel is prevented.

[0023] Key features of the method for operating a plant are that the plant has a rail system comprising main segments and at least one separating segment, and a mobile unit movable along the rails of the rail system. in particular wherein the separating segment is arranged in the rail direction between two main segments, wherein the handset is supplied with electrical power via a sliding contact from the first busbars and exchanges data with the handset acting as a slave via the second busbars, wherein a first master is connected to the second busbars of a main segment and a second master is connected to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the second busbars of the respective main segment are spaced apart and / or galvanically isolated from the second busbars of the respective separating segment, where, during the transition from the main segment to the separating segment, a current collector or current collector system of the handset galvanically connects the second busbars of the main segment to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the handset acting as a slave ignores messages, in particular data telegrams, from the master of the separating segment in the time range in which messages from the master of the main segment and messages from the master of the separating segment are received by the handset acting as a slave, In particular, and otherwise, especially outside the time range, data is exchanged with the master whose messages are received by the handset.

[0024] An advantage of this is that operational security is increased, since even if messages from two masters arrive at the handset simultaneously, only the messages from the master of the main segment are considered and the other messages are ignored.

[0025] In an advantageous configuration, the master of a main segment uses a different frequency channel or frequency band than the master of the separator segment. The advantage here is that the messages of the respective master can be easily and simply identified.

[0026] In a preferred implementation, a first piece of information A is added to all messages, especially data telegrams, of a master of a main segment, and a second piece of information B is added to all messages, especially telegrams, of a master of a separating segment. The advantage here is that simple and easy identification of the messages of the respective master is possible.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, a voltage level between 50 and 60 volts is used on the second busbars instead of the 24 volts required for ASI or ASI-5. The advantage here is that a low voltage can be used, thus ensuring high safety while preventing corrosion, particularly the formation of a patina layer in the working area of ​​the sliding transmission.

[0028] Further advantages arise from the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features of the claims. For those skilled in the art, further meaningful combinations of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or the figures will become apparent, in particular from the problem statement and / or the problem arising from a comparison with the prior art.

[0029] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to schematic illustrations: In the Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic sketch of a system according to the invention.

[0030] As shown in the figures, the system, in particular a rail system, in particular a monorail, has a rail system composed of main segments 1 and separating segments 2.

[0031] A mobile device, in particular a rail vehicle, is movable along the rails of the rail system.

[0032] A central computer is connected to 3 masters, each of which exchanges data with the handset operating as a slave.

[0033] A first Master 3 supplies a first main segment 1; a second Master 3 supplies a separating segment 2 that acts as a switch.

[0034] When the first Master 3 enters the first main segment 1, the handset, in particular Slave, detects the first Master 3, in particular a broadcast telegram sent by the first Master 3, and, if the address assignment has taken place, the messages, in particular telegrams, sent from the central computer to the handset via the Master 3 are received, executed and / or answered.

[0035] Two Master 3 units are preferably configured as a pair, particularly as a dual Master, powered by a shared power supply. However, depending on requirements, one of the two Master 3 units in the pair may remain unused.

[0036] Parallel to the rails of the main segment 1, conductor rails for power and data transmission are arranged and routed along the rails. Preferably, five conductor rails are provided, two of which are required for data transmission and three further for three-phase power transmission to supply a traction drive of the handset, an energy storage device of the handset and / or an electronic circuit of the handset.

[0037] The handset has contacts, in particular current collectors, which are moved along the respective power rails, so that the transmission of data and power is carried out as a loop transmission.

[0038] Preferably, an ASI bus protocol, in particular an ASI-5 bus protocol, is used as the data transmission protocol, but with a voltage level between 50 volts and 60 volts. This prevents the formation of patina on the busbars, which are preferably made of copper, especially on the busbars used for data transmission.

[0039] Higher voltages are preferably used for power transmission.

[0040] Data transmission is preferably performed redundantly and / or with a security protocol, so that a disruption of the data transmission is unlikely.

[0041] The main segments 1 are spaced apart from the separating segments (2, 4) in the direction of the rail and are therefore galvanically isolated.

[0042] A first separating segment 2 acts as a switch and is set by moving the separating segment perpendicular to the track direction of the main segment 1. In a first position, a straight track section of the switch is active, and in a second position of the separating segment, a curved track section of the switch is active.

[0043] A second separating segment 4 only acts as a separating intermediate piece between two main segments 1, each supplied by a respective master 3 and therefore not exceeding a maximum permissible transmission length.

[0044] As soon as the pantograph, when crossing the insulator between a main segment 1 and one of the insulator segments (2, 4), touches both a busbar of main segment 1 and a busbar of the first or second insulator segment (2, 4), these are galvanically connected, specifically short-circuited. As long as this galvanic connection persists, the handset, acting as a slave, receives data from both the master of main segment 1 and the master of insulator segment (2, 4). Once this is detected by the handset, the messages, especially telegrams, from the master of insulator segment (2, 4) are ignored, and communication occurs only with the master of main segment 1.

[0045] Even though crossing the segment boundary only takes a short time, the Master 3 devices repeatedly send messages, especially data telegrams, to all participants, including the handset acting as a slave. To enable the handset acting as a slave to recognize whether it is receiving messages from only one Master 3 or two, a first piece of information, A, is added to all messages, especially telegrams, from a Master 3 of a main segment 1, and a second piece of information, B, is added to all messages, especially telegrams, from a Master 3 of a segment boundary (2, 4). Therefore, if the handset acting as a slave receives both information A and information B, it recognizes that the segment boundary has been crossed and ignores the messages from the Master 3 of the segment boundary.

[0046] Alternatively or additionally, the Master 3 modulate the data to be transmitted onto the power rails using different frequency channels, so that the handset acting as a slave can detect whether messages are being sent to it on different frequency channels. Since the Master 3 of the main segments transmit in a first frequency channel and the Master 3 of the separating segments (2, 4) transmit in a second frequency channel, detecting the simultaneous transmission of both Master 3 is easily accomplished, as is ignoring the Master 3 of the separating segment (2, 4) after detection.

[0047] When the pantograph or the entire pantograph system of the handset is fully retracted into the respective isolation segment (2, 4), the handset, acting as a slave, only receives messages from the master 3 of the isolation segment (2, 4) and therefore communicates in the manner provided for by the data bus protocol.

[0048] Preferably, the respective separating segment (2, 4) is always longer in the rail direction than the total length measured in the rail direction of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the current collector of the mobile unit or of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the entire current collector system of the mobile unit.

[0049] Preferably, the separating segment 4 is moved by an actuator, whose control signal is also supplied to the masters 3, which are designed to transmit corresponding information, in particular regarding the control of the actuator, to the handset.

[0050] In further embodiments according to the invention, the electrical parallel connection of two masters, which are supplied from different power supplies, when crossing the separation point, is made possible by appropriate wiring of the power supplies. Reference symbol list 1 Main segment 2. Separating segment acting as a switch 3 Master 4 Separation segment QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2014 221 350 A1

[0003] EP 1 851 599 B1

[0004] DE 10 2007 003 010 B4

[0005] EP 2 029 386 B1

[0006]

Claims

[1] Installation, in particular a railway installation, wherein the system comprises a rail system having main segments and at least one separating segment and a mobile unit movable along the rails of the rail system, in particular wherein the separating segment is arranged in the rail direction between two main segments, wherein the handset can be supplied with electrical power from the first busbars via a sliding contact and data can be exchanged with the handset acting as a slave via the second busbars, wherein a first master is connected to the second busbars of a main segment and a second master is connected to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the second busbars of the respective main segment are spaced apart and / or galvanically isolated from the second busbars of the respective separating segment, characterized by , that During the transition from the main segment to the separating segment, a current collector of the handset or a current collector system of the handset galvanically connects the second busbars of the main segment with the second busbars of the separating segment. wherein the handset acting as a slave is configured to ignore messages, in particular data telegrams, from the master of the separating segment in the time range in which messages from the master of the main segment and messages from the master of the separating segment are received by the handset acting as a slave, in particular and otherwise to exchange data with the master whose messages are received by the handset. [2] Plant according to claim 1, characterized by that a voltage level between 50 volts and 60 volts is present on the second power rails. [3] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that Each of the masters sends messages to the slave at regular intervals, especially at intervals Δt. where at least two such dispatches of one of the masters take place within the time period, in particular where the time domain is larger than 2 x Δt, in particular, twice the time interval Δt. [4] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the time range is shorter than the duration of the galvanic connection during the transition of the handset from the main segment to the isolation segment at its maximum permissible speed. [5] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the data transmission between the handset acting as a slave and the respective master takes place or is carried out according to the ASI data transmission protocol, in particular according to the ASI-5 data transmission protocol. [6] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the respective master uses a respective frequency band or frequency channel, in particular wherein the master of the separating segment uses a different frequency band or frequency channel than the master of a respective main segment. [7] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the master's degrees are each executed as part of a respective double master's degree, wherein each dual master has a common power supply, in particular a switching power supply, for both masters of the dual master. [8] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the separating segment is arranged to be relatively movable relative to a main segment and functions as a switch, in particular wherein in a first position of the separating segment a straight rail section of the separating segment is effective and in a second position of the separating segment a curved rail section of the separating segment is effective, in particular wherein the separating segment is moved by an actuator whose control signal is also supplied to the masters, which are designed to transmit corresponding information, in particular regarding the control of the actuator, to the handset. [9] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that all messages, especially data telegrams, of a master of a main segment have a first piece of information A added, and all messages, especially telegrams, of a master of a separating segment have a second piece of information B added. [10] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the system is a monorail. [11] Plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the separating segment in the direction of the rail is always longer than the total length, measured in the direction of the rail, of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the current collector of the handset or of the contact area provided for the sliding contact of the entire current collector system of the handset, in particular so that during the transition only a single separation point between the separation segment and a main segment of the pantograph or the pantograph system of the mobile device can be short-circuited. [12] Method for operating a plant, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system comprises a rail system having main segments and at least one separating segment and a mobile unit movable along the rails of the rail system, in particular wherein the separating segment is arranged in the rail direction between two main segments, wherein the handset is supplied with electrical power via a sliding contact from the first busbars and exchanges data with the handset acting as a slave via the second busbars, wherein a first master is connected to the second busbars of a main segment and a second master is connected to the second busbars of the separating segment, wherein the second busbars of the respective main segment are spaced apart and / or galvanically isolated from the second busbars of the respective separating segment, characterized by , that During the transition from the main segment to the separation segment, a current collector or current collector system of the handset galvanically connects the second busbars of the main segment to the second busbars of the separation segment. wherein the handset acting as a slave ignores messages, in particular data telegrams, from the master of the separating segment in the time range in which messages from the master of the main segment and messages from the master of the separating segment are received by the handset acting as a slave, In particular, and otherwise, especially outside the time range, data is exchanged with the master whose messages are received by the handset. [13] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the respective master of a main segment uses a different frequency channel or frequency band than the master of the separating segment. [14] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that a first piece of information A is added to all messages, especially data telegrams, of a master of a main segment, and a second piece of information B is added to all messages, especially telegrams, of a master of a separating segment. [15] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that on the second busbars, instead of the voltage level of 24 volts required for ASI or ASI-5, a voltage level between 50 volts and 60 volts is used.

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