SHORT RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS

Abstract

Device for short-term resource requests in a Wi-Fi network, including: at least one memory chip that stores computer-executable instructions; and at least one processor of the one or more processors configured to access the at least one memory module, wherein the at least one processor of the one or more processors is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions for the following: Receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request from a user device on the Wi-Fi network, wherein receiving includes: Receiving a plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields from the user device using Resource Block IDs (RBIDs) assigned to the user device or randomly chosen by the user device; and Decoding one or more bits of the resource request from the plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; and Sending a trigger frame to the user device, wherein the trigger frame specifies resource blocks allocated to the user device for use when sending data from the user device.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED REGISTRATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Preliminary Patent Application No. 62 / 192,343, filed on July 14, 2015, U.S. Preliminary Patent Application No. 62 / 192,334, filed on July 14, 2015, and U.S. Preliminary Patent Application No. 62 / 192,316, filed on July 14, 2015. AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] This disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for wireless communications and in particular to short resource requirements in wireless communications. GENERAL STATE OF THE ART

[0003] The increasing use of wireless devices leads to a greater number of wireless devices accessing wireless channels. Currently, a next-generation WLAN, IEEE 802.11ax or High-Efficiency WLAN (HEW), is under development. HEW uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for channel allocation.

[0004] US 2014 / 0307612 A1 concerns systems, methods, and devices that enable backward-compatible multi-access wireless communication. An exemplary method for transmission to two or more wireless communication devices includes transmitting a first section of a preamble according to a first format, wherein the first section of the preamble contains information that informs devices compatible with the first format to defer transmission; transmitting a second section of the preamble according to a second format, wherein the second section of the preamble contains tone assignment information, the tone assignment information identifying two or more wireless communication devices; and simultaneously transmitting data to the two or more wireless communication devices, the data being contained in two or more sub-bands. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The solution according to the invention for improving the efficiency of Wi-Fi networks is defined by main claim 1 and dependent claims 9, 15, 16, 22 and 28. The further claims define embodiments of the solution according to the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 shows a network diagram illustrating an exemplary network environment of an exemplary short resource requirement system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. Figure 2 is an exemplary schematic representation of a High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) field transmission in the uplink (UL) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. Figure 3 is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. Figure 4A is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. Figure 4B is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 5A is a flowchart of an exemplary process for a short resource requirement system according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Fig. 5B is a flowchart of an exemplary process for a short resource requirement system according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Fig. Figure 6 illustrates a block diagram for an exemplary communication station that may be suitable for use as a user device, according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Fig. Figure 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary machine in which any one or more techniques (e.g., one or more methods) can be performed according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0006] The embodiments described herein provide specific systems, methods, and devices for transmitting signals to Wi-Fi devices in various Wi-Fi networks, including, but not limited to, Wi-Fi networks conforming to IEEE 802.11ax (referred to as HE or HEW).

[0007] The following description and drawings illustrate specific embodiments sufficiently to enable a person skilled in the art to implement them practically. Further embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, process-related, and other modifications. Sections and features from some embodiments may be adopted into or replace those of other embodiments. The embodiments set forth in the claims include all available equivalents of those claims.

[0008] The design of a High-Energy Efficiency (HEW) aims to implement methods that improve Wi-Fi efficiency, especially in areas with high usage of Wi-Fi devices, such as shopping malls, conference rooms, etc. An HEW can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) techniques for channel access in both the uplink and downlink directions. The uplink direction is understood to be from a user device to an access point (AP), and the downlink direction is from an AP to one or more user devices. In the uplink direction, one or more user devices may communicate with the AP and compete for channel access, similar to random-channel access. In this case, OFDMA may require coordination among the various user devices competing for simultaneous access to the operating channel.A trigger frame can consist of a preamble along with other signaling data, such as resource allocations, for coordinating OFDMA operation in the uplink. A trigger frame is simply a frame containing a preamble and other fields sent by an access point (AP) to inform all user devices served by the AP that channel access is available.

[0009] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems, methods and devices for a short resource request system that can utilize one or more successive High-Efficiency-Long-Training (HE-LTF) fields for a resource request mechanism.

[0010] When user devices want to send a resource request to an access point (AP), they can encode their multi-bit resource requests using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields, employing their assigned or randomly selected resource block IDs (RBIDs). An AP can assign an RBID to a user device as soon as the user device associates with or communicates with the AP. For example, to encode a bit equal to 1 in a specific slot, the user device can transmit the HE-LTF field using its RBID. That is, the user device can use its assigned RBID to transmit a spatial stream of the HE-LTF field to indicate a code bit equal to 1 (or the response YES). To encode a bit equal to 0 (or the response NO) in a specific slot, the user device might not transmit anything at all.This means that the spatial stream associated with the user device's RBID can be left empty to indicate a code bit of 0 (or the answer NO). The AP captures the bits received for each RBID using the different fields and determines the resource request information.

[0011] In one embodiment, the system may utilize a temporal aspect for short resource requests, allowing one or more consecutive HT-LTF fields to be used for a resource request mechanism. When user devices want to send a resource request to an AP, they can encode their multi-bit resource requests using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields with their assigned and randomly selected resource block IDs (RBIDs). If a user device wants to transmit one or more resource requests using the HE-LTF field, it can transmit them in the time domain using consecutive HE-LTF fields. For example, the user device transmission might occur using an HE-LTF field with the same assigned RBID.

[0012] In one embodiment, user device transmission may occur via successive HE-LTF fields, with different RBIDs assigned to the corresponding HE-LTF fields.

[0013] In one embodiment, user device transmission may occur via successive HE-LTF fields, with the first HE-LTF field having the assigned RBID and the next HE-LTF field having an RBID equal to the assigned RBID plus a delta_N value modulo (maximum number of RBIDs). If successive HE-LTF fields are based on the same or different RBIDs, this can improve receive reliability, especially if the RBIDs may originate from different resource units, thus avoiding channel frequency dips.

[0014] In one embodiment, device transmission may occur via successive HE-LTF fields, each of which can be associated with a group of devices. That is, a first HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different Resource Units (RUs), RBIDs, and Spatial Streams (SSs), with the first HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 1-36 in the case of nine RUs. Furthermore, a second HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, with the second HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 37-72. Although nine RUs and 72 devices are used in this example, the number of RUs and devices can be different depending on the communication channel frequency bandwidth used.

[0015] Fig. Figure 1, which is hereby referenced, shows a network diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless network 100 for a short-resource-demand system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 can include one or more user devices 120 and one or more access points (APs) 102 that can communicate according to IEEE 802.11 communication standards, including IEEE 802.11ax. The user devices 120 can be mobile devices that are not stationary and not fixed in place.

[0016] In some embodiments, the user devices 120 and the AP 102 may contain one or more computer systems similar to the one shown in the block diagram of Fig. 6 and / or to the exemplary machine / system of Fig. 7.

[0017] One or more of the example user devices 120 and / or the AP 102 can be operated by one or more users 110. The user device(s) 120 (e.g., 124, 126, or 128) and / or the AP 102 can contain any suitable processor-controlled device, including, but not limited to, mobile or non-mobile devices, e.g., static devices. For example, the user device(s) 120 and / or the AP 102 may contain a user terminal (UE), a station (STA), an access point (AP), a personal computer (PC), a wearable device (e.g., a wristband, a watch, glasses, a ring, etc.), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, or an ultrabook. tm-Computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld, a handheld device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a sensor device, a PDA device, a handheld PDA device, a built-in device, an external device, a hybrid device (in which, for example, mobile phone functions are combined with PDA device functions), a consumer device, a device in a vehicle, a device outside a vehicle, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a mobile phone, a PCS device, a PDA device in which a wireless communication device is built-in, a mobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively small computing device, a computer that is not a desktop computer, a Carry-Small-Live-Large (CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an origami device or-Computer device, a device that supports Dynamically Composable Computing (DCC), a context-sensitive device, a video device, an audio device, an A / V device, a set-top box (STB), a Blu-ray Disc (BD) player, a BD recorder, a Digital Video Disc (DVD) player, a High-Definition (HD) DVD player, a DVD recorder, an HD DVD recorder, a Personal Video Recorder (PVR), a Broadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, an audio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast receiver, a flat panel display, a Personal Media Player (PMP), a Digital Video Camera (DVC), a digital audio player, a loudspeaker, a sound receiver, a sound amplifier, a gaming device, a data source, a data sink, a Digital Camera (DSC), a media player, a smartphone, a television, a music player, or the like.Other devices, including smart devices such as lamps, air conditioners, car interior components, home technology components, household appliances, etc., may also be included in this list.

[0018] Any of the user devices 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 can be configured for wireless or wired communication with each other via one or more communication networks 130 and / or 135. The user devices 120 can also engage in peer-to-peer communication or direct communication with the AP 102, or communication without it. Any of the communication networks 130 and / or 135 can, but are not limited to, any combination of different types of suitable communication networks, such as broadcast networks, cable networks, public networks (e.g., the Internet), private networks, wireless networks, cellular radio networks, or any other suitable private and / or public networks.Furthermore, any of the communication networks 130 and / or 135 may have any suitable, associated communication ranges and may include, for example, worldwide networks (e.g., the Internet), Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), Local Area Networks (LANs), or Personal Area Networks (PANs). In addition, any of the communication networks 130 and / or 135 may include any type of media over which network traffic can be transmitted, including, but not limited to, coaxial cable, twisted-pair cable, fiber optic cable, hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) media, terrestrial microwave transmitters / receivers, radio frequency communication media, white-space communication media, ultra-high frequency communication media, satellite communication media, or any combination thereof.

[0019] Any of the User Devices 120 (e.g., User Devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 can contain one or more communication antennas. The one or more communication antennas can be any suitable type of antenna compatible with the communication protocols used by the User Device(s) 120 (e.g., User Devices 124, 126, and 128) and the AP 102. Some non-exclusive examples of suitable communication antennas include Wi-Fi antennas, antennas compatible with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard family, directional antennas, omnidirectional antennas, dipole antennas, folded dipoles, patch antennas, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, omnidirectional antennas, near-omnidirectional antennas, or the like.The one or more communication antennas can be communicatively coupled to a radio element for sending and / or receiving signals, for example to send communication signals to the user devices 120 and / or the AP 102 and / or to receive them from the user devices and / or the AP.

[0020] Any of the User Devices 120 (e.g., User Devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 may be configured to perform microwave radio transmission and / or reception operations in conjunction with wireless communication in a wireless network. Any of the User Devices 120 (e.g., User Devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 may be configured to perform such microwave radio transmission and / or reception operations using a set of multiple antenna arrays (e.g., DMG antenna arrays or the like). Each of the multiple antenna arrays can be used for transmission and / or reception in specific directions or ranges of directions. Any of the user devices 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 can be configured to perform any given operations during microwave radio transmissions to one or more defined transmission sectors. Any of the user devices 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128) can be configured to perform any given operations during microwave radio transmissions to one or more defined transmission sectors.B. the user devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 can be configured to perform any given operations from one or more defined receive sectors.

[0021] MIMO beamforming in a wireless network is possible via RF beamforming and / or digital beamforming. In some embodiments, user devices 120 and / or the AP 102 can be configured to use all or a subset of one or more of their communication antennas to perform MIMO beamforming when conducting a given MIMO transmission.

[0022] Any of the User Devices 120 (e.g., User Devices 124, 126, 128) and the AP 102 may contain any radio element and / or any transceiver for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency (RF) signals on the bandwidth and / or channels according to the communication protocols used by any of the User Devices 120 and the AP 102 for communication with each other. The radio elements may contain hardware and / or software for modulating and / or demodulating communication signals according to predefined transmission protocols. The radio elements may also include hardware and / or software commands for communicating via one or more Wi-Fi and / or Wi-Fi Direct protocols according to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards.In certain embodiments, the radio component, in conjunction with the communication antennas, may be configured for communication over 2.4 GHz channels (e.g., 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ax), 5 GHz channels (e.g., 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax), or 60 GHz channels (e.g., 802.11ad). In some embodiments, communication between devices may utilize protocols other than Wi-Fi, such as Bluetooth, Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) (e.g., IEEE 802.11af, IEEE 802.22), unused or free frequency bands (e.g., whitespace), or other packet-switched radio communications. The radio component can contain any known receiver and any known baseband suitable for communication via the communication protocols.The radio component may also include a low-noise amplifier (LNA), additional signal amplifiers, an analog-to-digital converter (A / D converter), one or more buffers, and a digital baseband.

[0023] When an access point (AP) (e.g., AP 102) establishes communication with one or more user devices 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, and / or 128), the AP typically communicates in the downlink direction by sending data frames. These data frames may be preceded by one or more preambles, which may be part of one or more headers. These preambles enable the user device to detect a new, incoming data frame from the AP. A preamble can also be a signal used in network communications to synchronize transmission times between two or more devices (e.g., between the APs and the user devices).

[0024] A user device 120 can be assigned one or more resource units, or it can access the operating channel randomly. It is understood that a resource unit can be a bandwidth allocation in an operating channel within a time and / or frequency domain. For example, if the AP allocates resource units in a 20 MHz frequency band, there can be a total of nine resource units, each with the size of a basic resource unit of 26 frequency tones. The AP 102 can assign one or more of these resource units to one or more user devices 120 for transmitting their uplink data.

[0025] During data communication between a sending device (e.g., the user device 120) and a receiving device (e.g., the AP 102), the sending device can select how many spatial streams should be used to transmit data to the receiving device.

[0026] Each data stream (also called a channel) sends training fields via orthogonal resources that can be separated in the time, frequency, and code sequence domains to achieve orthogonality between the training symbols. An orthogonal matrix, such as the P-matrix, can be applied to the training symbols for a given group of user devices, which can separate the training symbols and make them easier to distinguish. An orthogonal matrix like the P-matrix can be M elements by N elements. For example, interference between symbols can be reduced by using the orthogonality feature of training symbols converted using a P-matrix.

[0027] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the user devices 120 and the AP 102, which can be HEW or legacy devices, can communicate with each other and transfer data over an operational channel. The user devices 120 can access the operational channel to transfer their data. They can access the operational channel using allocated (or predetermined) resource units.

[0028] In one embodiment, the user device 120 may request a resource allocation by sending a resource request (e.g., resource request 108). The resource request can be generated by various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Once the AP receives the resource allocation request from a user device 120, the AP (e.g., AP 102) can send a trigger frame (e.g., trigger frame 104) indicating which resource units (RUs) 106 are allocated (or alternatively, a user device 120 can randomly select a resource unit from the trigger frame if no resource unit has been allocated to the user device by AP 102). The resource units can be represented by RU1, RU2, ..., RUn, where "n" is an integer. These resource units can be arranged sequentially or randomly in the trigger frame. These resource units can be time-domain, frequency-domain, or a time-domain / frequency-domain combination. The user device 120 can use any of these resource units to send data to an access point (e.g., AP 102).

[0030] In one embodiment, an AP 102 assigns resource units to a user device 120, possibly using RBIDs. In other embodiments, the AP may not assign resource units to any user device. In that case, the user device can randomly select an RBID to associate with it. The AP can identify the user device based on its assigned RBID or its randomly selected RBID.

[0031] Once the user device receives the trigger frame, it can use detection techniques, such as a user ID, an association ID (AID) or part of an AID, an RBID, or other means, to determine that it has been assigned one or more resource units. The user device could then transmit its uplink data using the resource unit(s).

[0032] In one embodiment, a short resource request system may utilize one or more consecutive HE-LTF fields for a resource request mechanism. When user devices want to send a resource request or the response YES or NO to an AP, they can encode a multi-bit resource request using the multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields and their assigned and randomly selected RBIDs. For example, if a user device 120 wants to transmit one or more resource requests or the response YES or NO using one or more HE-LTF fields, it can transmit them using consecutive HE-LTF fields in the time domain. For example, the user device 120 might encode its resource request or the response YES or NO using HE-LTF fields with the same assigned RBID or with different RBIDs.For example, a user device 120 might use only one HE-LTF field to transmit the response YES or NO, so that if the symbols are present in the HE-LTF field, the AP can determine that the user device responded YES. Otherwise, the AP can determine that the user device responded NO. It is understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be restrictive.

[0033] In another embodiment, a user device 120 may transmit its resource request using successive HE-LTF fields (within a time domain), with each corresponding HE-LTF field being assigned a different RBID. For example, a user device may use a first RBID for a first HE-LTF field, a second RBID for a second HE-LTF field, and so on. The AP may be aware of how the user device encodes its bits using the HE-LTF fields. The AP may have instructed the user device to use the HE-LTF fields in this way.

[0034] In one embodiment, a user device might transmit a first HE-LTF field with an assigned RBID and a second HE-LTF field with a second RBID offset from the assigned RBID by a previously determined value. For example, if the previously determined value is 3, a user device might transmit a first HE-LTF field with RBID 1 and a second HE-LTF field with RBID(1+3), which could be RBID 4. For example, the transmission by user device 120 might occur using successive HE-LTF fields, with an assigned RBID for the first HE-LTF field and an RBID equal to the assigned RBID plus a delta_N value modulo (maximum number of RBIDs) for the Nth HE-LTF field. The delta_N value might be assigned to a Nth user device or contained in the trigger frame. In another embodiment, the delta_N value per user device is not signaled in the trigger frame.This allows for diversity among user devices and also ensures that neighboring RBIDs do not use the same HE-LTF field simultaneously, thus minimizing interference. If successive HE-LTF fields are based on the same or different RBIDs, this can improve reception reliability, especially when RBIDs originate from different resource units, thereby preventing channel frequency dips.

[0035] In another embodiment, a user device 120 may transmit its resource request via an HE-LTF field based on a group of devices to which the user device 120 may belong.

[0036] During communication between user devices 120 and AP 102, AP 102 can initiate resource request feedback from user devices 120 using HE-LTF fields via a trigger frame. For example, AP 102 might send the trigger frame to user devices 120, where the trigger frame can signal the information that AP 102 expects from the one or more user devices receiving the trigger frame when HE-LTF fields are used. This ensures that AP 102 can correctly decode the HE-LTF fields received from user devices 120.

[0037] In one embodiment, user device transmission may occur using successive HE-LTF fields, each of which can be associated with a group of devices. That is, a first HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, and the first HE-LTF field can be associated with a first group of devices. Furthermore, a second HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, and the second HE-LTF field can be associated with a second group of devices. Although this example uses two HE-LTF fields associated with two groups of devices, the number of HE-LTF fields and device groups is not limited to this.

[0038] Fig. Figure 2 is an exemplary schematic representation of an HE-LTF field transmission in the uplink (UL) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] In a 1-bit UL transmission model, OFDMA as well as HE-LTF transmissions can be provided, using resource blocks (RBs) defined by a resource unit for the frequency and a spatial stream (SS) in the spatial dimension (HE-LTF multiplied by the P-matrix row corresponding to this SS). When a user device wants to transmit data, it can be assigned a resource or it can select a resource, each based on an assigned RBID or a selected RBID. That is, an RBID can be associated with a user device such that the AP can allocate a resource unit (RU) based on this RBID. Fig. Figure 2, which is now being referred to, shows 36 resource blocks (RBs), whose respective RBIDs 202 are associated with nine resource units (e.g., RU 1... RU 9) 204, for example, in a 20 MHz mode. Each RU can have four SSs that can be used for communication. The spatial streams can be associated with one or more antennas on the user device. Since there are four SSs, four (temporally consecutive) HE-LTF fields can be used to apply the lines of the P-matrix code. For example, RU 1 may have four HE-LTF fields 210 that can be transmitted via the four SSs. Each line of the HE-LTF fields 210 can be associated with a specific RBID and a spatial stream. For example, SS1 in RU 1 may be associated with RBID4, so that HE-LTF line 206 can be sent via this SS1.Using HE-LTF row 206, it is possible to encode 1 bit of information per RBID for up to 36 users. If the HE-LTF fields are transferred via power transmission using a P-matrix row, the bit might be interpreted as 1 (or the answer YES) by a specific RB, and if the HE-LTF fields are not transferred via power transmission, the bit might be interpreted as 0 (or the answer NO). It is understood that the above is merely an example, and any number of RBs, RUs, and SSs can be used. Consequently, a large number of user devices can transmit short 1-bit pieces of information.

[0040] An access point (AP) can determine, for each RBID, whether energy is present in an RBID associated with a signal strength (SS) and a resource request (RU). For example, the AP can determine which user device is currently transmitting based on the RBID. If the AP determines that it has received HE-LTF fields by detecting that energy was transmitted over that RBID, the AP can determine how to decode this information. For example, if HE-LTF fields were received, the AP can interpret this as one bit equal to 1. Based on this, the AP can determine the resource request origin of that user device. The AP can capture the bits received via the different fields and recover the resource request information. It is understood that this information can also be used for other purposes.The encoding of bits using HE-LTF fields can be implemented, for example, in a PS poll procedure where a user device in a sleep mode (where it is powered off or in an inactive state) can request immediate transmission from its access point (AP) using a PS poll frame. Upon receiving this PS poll request, the AP can send one or more buffered downlink frames or an acknowledgment message and a response with a buffered data frame for later delivery. Consequently, by implementing one or more consecutive HE-LTF fields, the AP and the user device can encode and decode specific information that can be interpreted as indicating the type of procedure being used (e.g., resource request, PS poll, etc.).

[0041] Fig. Figure 3 is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0042] In one embodiment, the temporal dimension can serve to enable user devices (e.g., the user devices 120 of Fig. 1) Transmit their respective bits multiple times to improve the detection probability at the receiving end (e.g., at the AP). Multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields can be defined, each representing a redundant transmission. For example, if a two-field transmission is required, an HE-LTF field 302 and an HE-LTF field 304 can be used. In this example, HE-LTF field 302 can consist of four consecutive HE-LTF symbols (e.g., four OFDM symbols), and HE-LTF field 304 can also consist of four consecutive HE-LTF symbols.

[0043] For example, SS4 in RU1 might be associated with RBID1, allowing HE-LTF line 306 to be transmitted via this SS4. Using HE-LTF line 306, it's possible to encode 2 bits of information per RBID for up to 36 users. If the HE-LTF fields are transmitted via power transfer using a P-matrix row, each bit might be interpreted as 1 (or the answer YES) by a specific RB, for example, and if the HE-LTF fields are not transmitted via power transfer, each bit might be interpreted as 0 (or the answer NO). It's understood that the above is just an example, and any number of RBs, RUs, and SSs can be used. Consequently, a large number of user devices can transmit short, 1-bit pieces of information.

[0044] In one embodiment, an AP (e.g., the AP 102 from Fig. 1) Possibly a trigger frame to initiate resource request feedback from one or more user devices using the HE-LTF fields. For example, the AP might send the trigger frame to the one or more user devices, where the trigger frame can signal the information the AP expects from the one or more user devices receiving the trigger frame when the HE-LTF fields are used. The information may include, but is not limited to, parameters associated with the resource blocks (if this information has not been defined in a beacon frame or a specific control frame), where the parameters may include, at least in part, the number of spatial streams and the number of resource units. Furthermore, the information may include the number of HE-LTF fields for redundancy.The information may indicate, for example, that two HE-LTF fields are to be encoded by a user device (as in . Fig. (as shown in Figure 3). In other examples, even more HE-LTF fields may be encoded by a user device. The information may also contain different delta_N values ​​(or a single delta value, or a specific code, etc.) if this concept has just been implemented by the AP and the user device. For example, the user device transmission may be via successive HE-LTF fields, with an assigned RBID for the first HE-LTF field and a subsequent RBID equal to the assigned RBID plus a delta_N value modulo (maximum number of RBIDs) for the nth HE-LTF field. Having successive HE-LTF fields based on the same or different RBIDs can improve receive reliability, especially if the RBIDs may originate from different resource units, thus avoiding channel frequency dips.

[0045] In one embodiment, the AP 102 performs on the receiving device side (e.g., on the AP 102 of Fig. 1) Redundancy detection is performed on the different HE-LTF fields / RBIDs corresponding to each user allocation, or energy is simply detected in each RBID of each HE-LTF field. The detection of an RBID in one HE-LTF field corresponding to a user's allocation can be considered correct, even if the other RBIDs in other HE-LTF fields corresponding to the same user allocation are not detected due to channel leakage.

[0046] Fig. Figure 4A is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] In one embodiment, the user devices transmit 120 of Fig. 1. Their encoded bits may be used using multiple HE-LTF fields that are consecutive in the time dimension to increase redundancy. For example, if two HE-LTF fields (e.g., HE-LTF field 402 and HE-LTF field 404) are used, a user device can transmit bits to encode information associated with a resource request. If the AP (e.g., AP 102 of Fig. 1) If energy is received via the various HE-LTF fields, the AP can determine that the bit is set to 1 (or the answer YES), and if no energy is received, the AP can determine that the bit is set to 0 (or the answer NO). It should be understood that while this example illustrates two HE-LTF fields, more than two HE-LTF fields can also be used, for example, up to N HE-LTF fields, where N is an integer.

[0048] In one embodiment with reference to the 2-bit example of Fig. 4A allows the AP to receive two different bits transmitted by different user devices. Line 406 shows an example of a user device (e.g., user device 3) transmitting eight consecutive HE-LTF symbols representing two HE-LTF fields (e.g., HE-LTF field 402 and HE-LTF field 404). User device 3, in its two-bit transmission, might want to send 11 bits to another device (e.g., AP 102). Fig. 1) transferred. The AP may have assigned user device 3 and RBID3 using Spatial Stream SS3 via Resource Unit RU1, as in the example of Fig. Figure 4A is shown. Furthermore, line 408 shows an example of a user device (e.g., user device 9) that, in its 2-bit transmission, can transmit 10 bits by using RBID9 and the spatial stream SS4 via the resource unit RU3. In this case, user device 9 can transmit HE-LTF symbols in HE-LTF field 402, but does not transmit HE-LTF symbols in HE-LTF field 404. Once the AP receives HE-LTF fields 402 and 404, the AP can determine whether there is energy at the aforementioned symbols in each HE-LTF field to decode the 2-bit transmission from user device 9. It is understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be restrictive.

[0049] In one embodiment, for any multi-bit configuration (e.g., a configuration with N bits), the combination with all zeros may be considered a non-transmission. For example, for a 2-bit configuration, the combination 00, besides being interpreted as the answer NO, may not carry any specific information due to a sleep mode (e.g., to save power) or for some other reason. With 2 bits, three different pieces of information (e.g., 01, 11, and 10) can be encoded. Similarly, with N bits, 2 N -1 different pieces of information / combinations can be encoded, where N is an integer.

[0050] In one embodiment, different RBIDs may be used for the different HE-LTF bit fields. If the RBIDs have been assigned to user devices by the AP, the AP can, for example, either assign the same RBID to the same user device for all HE-LTF fields or assign different RBIDs to the same user device, e.g., one per HE bit field (one RBID for bit 1, another RBID for bit 0).

[0051] In one embodiment, this mechanism can also be used to transport other information. For example, in the case of a 2-bit resource request, one or more requested access categories can be transported, such as Management Frame, Access Category Video (AC-VI), Access Category Best Effort (AC-BE), Access Category Voice (AC-VO), Access Category Background (AC-BK), etc. In another embodiment, this mechanism can be used for a different purpose than as a resource request mechanism. For example, it can be used to signal a simple PS poll request to request the transmission of a packet. It should be understood that the above description serves illustrative purposes and is not intended to be restrictive.

[0052] Fig. Figure 4B is an exemplary schematic representation of a system for short resource requirements according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0053] With reference to Fig. 4B is a short resource request mechanism designed such that user devices 1-72 use an HE-LTF field 452 and an HE-LTF field 454 to encode an information bit. The bit can be set based on whether or not HE-LTF symbols are present in the HE-LTF fields. That is, if a user device wants to encode a 1, the user device can send power using the four HE-LTF symbols in the HE-LTF field assigned to it based on its group number. That is, if it is determined that a user belongs to group 1, the user device can set the bit using HE-LTF field 452. Conversely, if it is determined that a user device belongs to group 2, the user device can set the bit using HE-LTF field 454. Furthermore, in Fig. Figure 4B depicts several RUs (e.g., RU1...RU9), each containing four RBIDs and four spatial streams (e.g., SS1...SS4). These RUs can be used by user devices that have uplink data to send to the AP. In this example, transmission for two device groups (Group 1 and Group 2) is implemented using two consecutive HE-LTF fields (e.g., HE-LTF field 452 and HE-LTF field 454).

[0054] In one embodiment, an AP (e.g., the AP 102 from Fig. 1) possibly a trigger frame to receive resource request feedback from one or more user devices (e.g., user devices 120 of Fig. 1) to initiate using HE-LTF fields. The trigger frame may contain information to help user devices receiving the trigger frame determine how to encode the HE-LTF fields when requesting services such as a resource request from the AP. For example, the trigger frame may include the RBID associated with a user device and a group of devices to which the user device is assigned. Once a user device receives the trigger frame, it can decode the fields contained within. Based on the information in the trigger frame, the user device can determine how to use the HE-LTF fields. Furthermore, the user device can determine which group of devices it has been assigned to by the AP.For example, a user device can determine, based on the RBID assigned to it, that the HE-LTF fields are to be used to encode a bit, and the user device can determine that it belongs to the first user group. In the example of... Fig. 4B, Group 1 of devices can contain devices 1-36, and Group 2 of devices can contain devices 37-72. The device designation can be determined during the negotiation between the AP and the user device. This designation can also be determined at other times, for example, by the trigger frame. Furthermore, the AP can define that each of the temporally successive HE-LTF fields can correspond to a group of devices. It is understood that any of the embodiments discussed in this disclosure are suitable for other requirements. For example, the HE-LTF fields can be used for PS polls or any other communication mechanisms.

[0055] As in line 456 in Fig. As shown in line 4B, a user device 3 may have been assigned to group 1 using HE-LTF field 452. Furthermore, user device 3 may have been assigned to RU1 and RBID3 using spatial stream SS3. Whenever user device 3 wants to encode a bit of information that can be used for resource requests, it may use HE-LTF field 452 by sending HE-LTF symbols to indicate the value 1 and not sending HE-LTF symbols to indicate the value 0. Similarly, a user device 48 may have been assigned to group 2 using HE-LTF field 454, as shown in line 458. Furthermore, user device 48 may have been assigned to RU3 and RBID12 using spatial stream SS1.Whenever user device 48 wants to encode a bit of information that can be used for resource requests, user device 3 can, in that case, use the HE-LTF field 454 by sending HE-LTF symbols to indicate the value 1, and not sending HE-LTF symbols to indicate the value 0. It is understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be restrictive.

[0056] Fig. 5A is a flowchart of an exemplary process 500 for a short resource requirement system according to one or more embodiments of the disclosure.

[0057] A device (e.g., the user device(s) 120 and / or the AP 102) can be connected to block 502. Fig. 1) Identify one or more High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields received from at least one of one or more user devices. For example, user devices wishing to send a resource request to an access point (AP) can encode their multi-bit resource requests using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields and their assigned and randomly selected Resource Block IDs (RBIDs). An AP can assign an RBID to a user device as soon as the user device associates with or communicates with the AP. For example, to encode a bit equal to 1 in a specific slot, the user device can transmit the HE-LTF field using its RBID. That is, the user device can use a spatial stream to transmit the HE-LTF field, using its assigned RBID, to indicate that a code bit is equal to 1.To encode a bit equal to 0 in a specific slot, the user device might not transmit anything at all. That is, the spatial stream associated with the user device's RBID can be left empty to indicate a code bit equal to 0. The AP captures the bits received for each RBID using the different fields and determines the resource request information. User devices can send their encoded resource requests using HE-LTF fields, which can be received by the AP.

[0058] At block 504, the AP can determine one or more bits associated with the one or more HE-LTF fields. That is, based on the received HE-LTF fields, the AP can determine whether a bit is set to 1 or 0 (i.e., the answer YES or NO). As explained above, an HE-LTF field can contain one or more HE-LTF symbols. The AP can determine any HE-LTF symbols based on its assessment of whether energy is present from the signals received based on the HE-LTF symbols. If the AP determines that energy is present, i.e., the HE-LTF symbol was received, the AP can determine that an HE-LTF field is set to 1 (i.e., the answer YES). Conversely, if the AP determines that no energy is present from the signals received based on the HE-LTF symbols, the AP can determine that an HE-LTF field is set to 0 (i.e., the answer NO).

[0059] At block 506, the AP can determine an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) request, at least partially, based on one or more bits. For example, one or more consecutive HE-LTF fields can be encoded to indicate an uplink resource request. When user devices want to send a resource request to an AP, they can encode their multi-bit resource request using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields with their assigned and randomly selected RBIDs. For example, a user device can transmit one or more resource requests using one or more HE-LTF fields by transmitting them in the time domain using consecutive HE-LTF fields. The user device might, for instance, encode its resource request using HE-LTF fields with the same assigned RBID or with different RBIDs.It is understood that the above description serves illustrative purposes and is not intended to have any limiting effect.

[0060] Fig. 5B is a flowchart of an exemplary process 550 for a short resource requirement system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0061] A device (e.g., the user device(s) 120 and / or the AP 102) can be connected to block 552. Fig. 1) Determine one or more High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields. For example, an access point (AP) might receive one or more HE-LTF fields that can be used to determine a request from a user device. If a user device wants to transmit one or more resource requests using one or more HE-LTF fields, it might, for example, transmit them using successive HE-LTF fields in the time domain. The user device might, for example, encode its resource request using HE-LTF fields with the same assigned RBID or with different RBIDs. It is understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be restrictive.

[0062] At block 554, the device can determine one or more bits encoded using one or more HE-LTF fields, at least partially, based on a number in one or more HE-LTF fields. For example, a user device might want to transmit a resource request using two HE-LTF fields that may be consecutive in time. The user device can encode bits using the two HE-LTF fields.

[0063] At block 556, the device can initiate the transmission of an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request using one or more bits. For example, one or more consecutive HE-LTF fields can be encoded to indicate an uplink resource request. When user devices want to send a resource request to an access point, they can encode their multi-bit resource request using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields with their assigned and randomly selected RBIDs. For example, when a user device wants to transmit one or more resource requests using one or more HE-LTF fields, it can transmit them using consecutive HE-LTF fields in the time domain. The user device might, for example, encode its resource request using HE-LTF fields with the same assigned RBID or with different RBIDs.If two HE-LTF fields are used to encode a resource request, the AP can, for example, determine that the first HE-LTF field can be assigned to a first RBID and the second HE-LTF field to a second RBID. In this case, the user device that wants to encode the resource request using the two HE-LTF fields can encode a first bit using the first HE-LTF field and the first RBID, and a second bit using the second HE-LTF field and the second RBID.

[0064] In another example, user device transmission might occur using successive HE-LTF fields, each of which can be associated with a group of devices. That is, a first HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, with the first HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 1-36 in the case of nine RUs. Furthermore, a second HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, with the second HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 37-72. Although this example uses nine RUs and 72 devices, the number of RUs and devices could be different depending on the communication channel frequency bandwidth used.

[0065] It is understood that the above description serves illustrative purposes and is not intended to have any limiting effect.

[0066] Fig. Figure 6 shows a block diagram for an exemplary communication station 600 according to some embodiments. In one embodiment, it is illustrated Fig. 6 a block diagram for a communication station that may be suitable to be used as AP 102 ( Fig. 1) or user device 120 ( Fig. 1) to be used, according to some embodiments. The Communication Station 600 can also be suitable for use as a handheld device, mobile device, mobile phone, smartphone, tablet, netbook, wireless terminal, laptop computer, wearable, femtocell, high-data-rate (HDR) subscriber station, access point, access terminal, or other personal communication system (PCS) device.

[0067] The communication station 600 can include a communication circuit 602 and a transceiver 610 for transmitting signals to other communication stations or receiving signals from other communication stations via one or more antennas 601. The communication circuit 602 can include a circuit for controlling physical layer (PHY) communications and / or media access control (MAC) communications for monitoring access to the wireless medium and / or any other communication layers for transmitting and receiving signals. The communication station 600 can also include a processing circuit 606 and a memory module 608 arranged for performing the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the communication circuit 602 and the processing circuit 606 can be combined to perform operations described herein. Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4A, Fig. 4B, Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B, as detailed in the processes shown, must be configured.

[0068] According to some embodiments, the communication circuit 602 can be arranged for competing for a wireless medium and configuring frames or packets for communication over the wireless medium. The communication circuit 602 can be arranged for sending and receiving signals. The communication circuit 602 can also include a circuit for modulation / demodulation, up-conversion / down-conversion, filtering, amplification, etc. In some embodiments, the processing circuit 606 of the communication station 600 can include one or more processors. In other embodiments, two or more antennas 601 can be coupled to the communication circuit 602 arranged for sending and receiving signals.The memory module 608 can store information for configuring the processing circuit 606 to perform operations for configuring and transmitting message frames, as well as for performing the various operations described herein. The memory module 608 can include any type of memory, including persistent memory, for storing information in a machine-readable (e.g., computer) format. For example, the memory module 608 may include a computer-readable storage device, read-only memory (ROM), working memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and other storage devices and media.

[0069] In some embodiments, the communication station 600 may be a component of a portable wireless communication device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop or portable computer capable of wireless communication, a web tablet, a cordless phone, a smartphone, a headset, a pager, an instant messaging device, a digital camera, an access point, a television, a medical device (e.g., a pulse oximeter, a blood pressure monitor, etc.), a wearable, or any other device capable of wirelessly receiving and / or transmitting information.

[0070] In some embodiments, the communication station 600 may include one or more antennas 601. The antennas 601 may include one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, such as dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for RF signal transmission. In some embodiments, instead of two or more antennas, only one antenna with multiple apertures may be used. In these embodiments, each aperture can be considered a separate antenna. In some multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas can be effectively separated from each other to accommodate the spatial diversity and different channel characteristics that may occur between each of the antennas and the antennas of a transmitting station.

[0071] In some embodiments, the Communication Station 600 may include one or more of the following elements: a keyboard, a display, a non-volatile memory connector, multiple antennas, a graphics processor, an application processor, speakers, and other mobile device components. The display may be an LCD screen that includes a touchscreen.

[0072] Although the Communication Station 600 is illustrated with various separate functional elements, two or more of these elements can also be combined and implemented through combinations of software-configured elements such as processing elements containing digital signal processors (DSPs) and / or other hardware elements. For example, some elements may contain one or more microprocessors, one or more DSPs, one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), and combinations of various hardware and logic circuit elements to perform at least the functions described herein.In some embodiments, the functional elements of the communication station 600 may refer to one or more processes that take place in one or more processing elements.

[0073] Certain embodiments can be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. Other embodiments can also be implemented as instructions stored in a computer-readable storage device, which can be read and executed by at least one processor to perform the operations described herein. A computer-readable storage device may include any mechanism for the persistent storage of information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, a computer-readable storage device may include read-only memory (ROM), working memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and other storage devices and media.In some embodiments, the Communication Station 600 may contain one or more processors and may be configured with instructions stored in a memory module of a computer-readable storage device.

[0074] Fig.Figure 7 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary machine 700 or system in which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies) discussed herein can be performed. In further embodiments, the machine 700 can be operated as a standalone device or connected (e.g., networked) to other machines. When used in a network, the machine 700 can function as a server machine and / or a client machine in server-client network environments. In one example, the machine 700 might serve as a peer machine in peer-to-peer (P2P) (or other distributed) network environments.Machine 700 may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a wearable device, a web appliance, a router, a switch, a bridge, or any machine capable of executing (sequential or other) instructions specifying actions to be performed by that machine. Where even a single machine is illustrated, the term "machine" is to be understood as including any assemblies of machines that, individually or collectively, execute a set (or sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein, such as cloud computing, software-as-a-service (SaaS), or other computer cluster configurations.

[0075] The examples described herein may contain logic or numerous components, modules, or mechanisms, which may also form the basis of the operation described in these examples. Modules are physical units (e.g., hardware) capable of performing predefined operations during operation. A module contains hardware. In one example, the hardware may be specifically configured to execute a particular operation (e.g., hardwired). In another example, the hardware may contain configurable execution units (e.g., transistors, circuits, etc.) and a computer-readable medium containing instructions. These instructions configure the execution units to perform a specific operation during operation. Configuration can occur as specified by the execution units or a loading mechanism. Consequently, the execution units are communicatively coupled to the computer-readable medium during device operation.In this example, the execution units can each be a component in more than one module. For example, during operation, the execution units might be configured at one time by a first set of instructions to implement a first module and reconfigured at a second time by a second set of instructions to implement a second module.

[0076] The machine (e.g., a computer system) 700 may include a hardware processor 702 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), main memory 704, and static memory 706, some or all of which may communicate via an interconnection (e.g., a bus) 708. The machine 700 may further include a power management device 732, a graphics display device 710, an alphanumeric input device 712 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 714 (e.g., a mouse). In an example, the graphics display device 710, the alphanumeric input device 712, and the UI navigation device 714 may be a touchscreen display. Additionally, the machine 700 can include a storage device (i.e., a drive unit) 716, a signal generating device 718 (e.g.,a loudspeaker), a short-resource-requirement device 719, a network termination device / transceiver 720 coupled to an antenna 730, and one or more sensors 728 such as a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, a compass, an accelerometer, or another sensor. The machine 700 may include an output controller 734 such as a serial connection (e.g., a universal serial bus (USB) port), a parallel connection, or another wired or wireless connection (e.g., infrared (IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) for communicating with or controlling one or more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, a card reader, etc.).

[0077] The storage device 716 can contain a machine-readable medium 722 on which one or more sets of data structures or instructions 724 (e.g., software) representing or utilizing any one or more of the techniques or functions described herein are stored. The instructions 724, when executed by the machine 700, can also reside wholly or at least partially in the main memory 704, the static memory 706, or the hardware processor 702. In an example, the hardware processor 702, the main memory 704, the static memory 706, the storage device 716, or any combination thereof can constitute machine-readable media.

[0078] The Short Resource Request (SHRF) Device 719 can perform any of the operations and processes described and shown above (e.g., processes 500 and 550). For example, the SHRF Device 719 might be configured to send a request (e.g., a resource request) to an access point (AP) by encoding a multi-bit request using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields with assigned and randomly selected resource block IDs (RBIDs). An AP can assign an RBID to a user device as soon as the user device associates with or communicates with the AP. For example, to encode a bit equal to 1 in a specific slot, the user device can transmit the HE-LTF field using its RBID.This means that the user device, using its assigned RBID, can use a spatial stream to transmit the HE-LTF field to indicate a code bit equal to 1 (or the answer YES). To encode a bit equal to 0 (or the answer NO) in a specific slot, the user device may transmit nothing at all. That is, the spatial stream associated with the user device's RBID can be left empty to indicate a code bit equal to 0 (or the answer NO). The AP captures the bits received for each RBID using the different fields and determines the resource request information.

[0079] The Device 719, designed for short-term resource requests, can utilize a temporal aspect that allows the use of one or more consecutive HT-LTF fields for a resource request mechanism. When user devices want to send a resource request to an AP, they can encode their multi-bit resource requests using multiple consecutive HE-LTF fields with their assigned and randomly selected Resource Block IDs (RBIDs). If a user device wants to transmit one or more resource requests using a High-Efficiency Long-Training (HE-LTF) field, it can transmit them in consecutive HE-LTF fields in the time domain. For example, a user device might transmit an HE-LTF field with the same assigned RBID.

[0080] The device 719, intended for short resource requirements, may be configured for transmissions using successive HE-LTF fields with different RBIDs assigned to the corresponding HE-LTF fields.

[0081] The short-duration resource request (SHRP) device 719 may be configured for transmissions using successive HE-LTF arrays, with the first HE-LTF array having its assigned RBID and the second HE-LTF array having its assigned RBID plus a delta_N value modulo (maximum number of RBIDs). Using successive HE-LTF arrays based on the same or different RBIDs can improve receive reliability, especially if the RBIDs may originate from different resource units, thus avoiding channel frequency dips.

[0082] The device 719, intended for short-term resource requests, may be configured for transmissions using successive HE-LTF fields, each of which can be associated with a group of devices. That is, a first HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, with the first HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 1-36 in the case of nine RUs. Furthermore, a second HE-LTF field can be transmitted over time across different RUs, RBIDs, and SSs, with the second HE-LTF field potentially associated with devices 37-72. Although this example uses nine RUs and 72 devices, the number of RUs and devices can be different depending on the communication channel frequency bandwidth used.

[0083] It is understood that the above is only a subset of what the Short Resource Requirements Device 719 can perform according to its configuration, and that further functions, each contained in this disclosure, can also be performed by the Short Resource Requirements Device 719.

[0084] Although the machine-readable medium 722 is illustrated as a single existing medium, the term "machine-readable medium" can include both single and multiple existing media (e.g., a central or distributed database and / or associated cache storage and servers) configured to store the one or more commands 724.

[0085] Various embodiments can be implemented wholly or partially in software and / or firmware. This software and / or firmware can take the form of instructions stored on a durable, computer-readable storage medium. These instructions can then be read and executed by one or more processors to enable the performance of the operations described herein. The instructions can be in any suitable form, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like, but are not limited to these. Such a computer-readable medium can include any physical, durable media for storing information in a form readable by one or more computers, such as, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM); working memory (RAM); magnetic disk storage media; optical storage media; flash memory, etc.

[0086] The term “machine-readable medium” can include any media capable of storing, encoding, or transporting instructions executable by the Machine 700 that cause the Machine 700 to perform any one or more of the techniques disclosed herein, and capable of storing, encoding, or transporting data structures used by or associated with such instructions. Non-exclusive examples of a machine-readable medium include solid-state storage media, as well as optical and magnetic media. In one example, a machine-readable mass medium includes a machine-readable medium with a plurality of particles having a rest mass. Specific examples of a machine-readable mass medium include non-volatile storage devices such as semiconductor storage devices (e.g.,Electrically Programmable Read Only Memories (EPROMs) or Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memories (EEPROMs)) and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs.

[0087] The commands 724 can also be sent or received via a communication network 726 by the network termination device / transmitter 720 using any of several transmission protocols (e.g. Frame Relay, Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), etc.). Examples of communication networks include Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), packet data networks (e.g., the Internet), mobile networks (e.g., cellular mobile networks), traditional telephone service networks (POTS networks), wireless data networks (e.g., networks conforming to standards of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard family, known as Wi-Fi®, the IEEE 802.16 standard family, known as WiMax®, the IEEE 802.15.4 standard family), and peer-to-peer (P2P) networks.In one example, the network termination device / transmitter 720 may include one or more physical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or telephone jacks) or one or more antennas for connection to the communication network 726. In another example, the network termination device / transmitter 720 may include a plurality of antennas for wireless communication using at least one of the techniques Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and Multiple Input Single Output (MISO). The term "transmission medium" is to be understood as including any non-physical media capable of storing, encoding, or transporting instructions executable by the Machine 700, and includes digital or analog communication signals or other non-physical media for mediating the communication of such software. The operations and processes described and shown above (e.g.,Processes 500 and 550 can be executed in any suitable order, as required for different implementations. Additionally, the processes can be executed at least partially in parallel in the respective implementations. Furthermore, fewer or more of the described processes can be performed in the respective implementations.

[0088] The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "as an example, case study, or for illustration." Each embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The terms "computer device," "user device," "communication station," "station," "handheld device," "mobile device," "wireless device," and "user terminal" (UE), as used herein, each refer to a wireless communication device, such as a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet, netbook, wireless terminal, laptop computer, femtocell, high-data-rate (HDR) subscriber station, access point, printer, point-of-sale terminal, access terminal, or other personal communication system (PCS) device. The device may be either mobile or stationary.

[0089] The term "communicating," as used in this patent specification, means either sending or receiving, or both sending and receiving. This may be particularly relevant in claims describing the organization of data sent by one device and received by another; however, for an infringement of the claim, only the functionality of one of these devices is relevant. Similarly, the bidirectional exchange of data between two devices (both devices sending and receiving during the exchange) can be described as "communicating" if only the functionality of one of these devices is claimed. The term "communicating," as used herein in connection with a wireless communication signal, includes the sending and / or receiving of the wireless communication signal.For example, a wireless communication unit capable of transmitting a wireless communication signal may include a wireless transmitter for sending the wireless communication signal to at least one other wireless communication unit and / or a wireless communication receiver for receiving the wireless communication signal from at least one other wireless communication unit.

[0090] As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the adjectival use of ordinal numbers 'first / first / first', 'second / second / second', 'third / third / third', etc., to describe a common object merely indicates that different but identical objects are being referred to, and is not intended to imply that the objects so described must be subject to a fixed temporal, spatial, hierarchical, or other order.

[0091] The term "access point" (AP), as used herein, may refer to a fixed station. An access point may also be referred to as an access node, base station, or by any other similar term known in the prior art. An access terminal may also be referred to as a mobile station, user terminal (UE), wireless communication device, or by any other similar term known in the prior art. The embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to wireless networks. Some embodiments may relate to wireless networks operating in accordance with one of the IEEE 802.11 standards.

[0092] Some embodiments can be used in conjunction with various devices and systems, for example, a personal computer (PC), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, a built-in device, an external device, a hybrid device, a device in a vehicle, a device outside a vehicle, a mobile or portable device, a consumer device, a non-mobile or...non-portable device, wireless communication station, wireless communication device, wireless access point (AP), wired or wireless router, wired or wireless modem, video device, audio device, audio / video (A / V) device, fixed or mobile network, wireless area network, wireless video area network (WVAN), local area network (LAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), personal area network (PAN), wireless PAN (WPAN), and the like.

[0093] Some embodiments are usable in conjunction with one-way and / or two-way radio communication systems, cellular mobile communication systems, a mobile phone, a cordless phone, a personal communication system (PCS) device, a PDA device in which a wireless communication device is built in, a mobile or portable global positioning system (GPS) device, a device in which a GPS receiver or GPS transceiver or GPS chip is built in, a device in which an RFID element or RFID chip is built in, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transceiver or MIMO device, a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) transceiver or SIMO device, a multiple-input single-output (MISO) transceiver or MISO device, a device with one or more internal and / or external antennas, digital video broadcast (DVB) devices or DVB systems, Multi-standard radio equipment or systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g.For example, a smartphone, a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, or similar.

[0094] Some embodiments of the invention can be used in conjunction with wireless communication signals and / or systems of one or more types according to one or more wireless communication protocols, for example radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), time division multiple access (TDMA), extended TDMA (E-TDMA), general packet radio service (GPRS), extended GPRS, code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier modulation (MDM), discrete multi-tone (DMT), Bluetooth®, global positioning system (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee, ultra-wideband (UWB), global system for mobile communications (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G, 4G, fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, 3GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), or similar. Other embodiments may be used in various other devices, systems, and / or networks.

[0095] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a device may be present. The device may contain at least one memory chip that stores computer-executable instructions; and at least one processor of the one or more processors configured to access the at least one memory chip, wherein the at least one processor of the one or more processors is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions for: identifying one or more High-Efficiency Long-Training (HE-LTF) fields received from at least one of one or more first devices; determining one or more bits associated with the one or more HE-LTF fields; and determining an Uplink Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple-Access (OFDMA) request at least partially based on the one or more bits.

[0096] The implementations can include one or more of the following features. The one or more HE-LTF fields contain at least partially one or more HE-LTF symbols. The one or more HE-LTF fields are transmitted sequentially in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. The one or more bits contain a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. The first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of devices, and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second group of devices. The first HE-LTF field is associated with a first resource block IB (RBID), and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID.The at least one processor can further be configured to execute the computer-executable instructions such that a first trigger frame, comprising one or more resource blocks, is sent to one or more devices. The first bit is associated with a first resource unit, a spatial stream, and an RBID associated with the at least one of the first devices. The device can further include a transceiver configured for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. The device according to claim 9 further comprises one or more antennas coupled to the transceiver.

[0097] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a durable, computer-readable medium may be present that stores computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, trigger the processor to perform operations. These operations may include: determining one or more High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; determining one or more bits encoded using the one or more HE-LTF fields, at least partially based on a number in the one or more HE-LTF fields; and triggering the transmission of an Uplink Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) resource request using the one or more bits.

[0098] The implementations can include one or more of the following features: The one or more HE-LTF fields are sent sequentially. The one or more bits contain a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. The first HE-LTF field is associated with a first resource block IB (RBID), and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID. The first bit is associated with a first resource unit, a spatial stream, and an RBID.

[0099] In embodiments of the disclosure, a device may be present. The device may include means for identifying one or more of at least one High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields received by one or more first devices. The device may include means for determining one or more bits associated with the one or more HE-LTF fields. The device may include means for determining an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) request, at least partially, based on the one or more bits.

[0100] The implementations may include one or more of the following features. The one or more HE-LTF fields contain at least partially one or more HE-LTF symbols. The one or more HE-LTF fields are transmitted sequentially in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. Device according to claim 34, wherein the one or more bits include a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. The first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of devices and the second HE-LTF field with a second group of devices. The first HE-LTF field is associated with a first resource block IB (RBID) and the second HE-LTF field with a second RBID. The device may further include means for triggering the transmission of a first trigger frame comprising one or more resource blocks to one or more devices.The first bit is associated with a first resource unit, a spatial stream, and an RBID associated with at least one of the one or more first devices.

[0101] Above, respective aspects of the disclosure are described with regard to block and flow diagrams of systems, processes, devices, and / or computer program products according to various implementations. It is understood that one or more blocks of the block and flow diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks from the block and flow diagrams, can each be implemented by computer-executable program instructions. Likewise, according to some implementations, some blocks of the block and flow diagrams need not necessarily be executed in the order shown, or possibly not at all.

[0102] These computer-executable program instructions can be loaded into a special computer or other specific machine, processor or other programmable data processing device for making a specific machine, such that the instructions executed in the computer, processor or other programmable data processing device provide means for implementing one or more functions specified in a block or blocks of a flowchart.These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or a memory chip upon which the specific operation of a computer or other programmable data processing device may be based, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce a product containing instruction means that implement one or more functions specified in a block or blocks of a flowchart. For example, in certain implementations, a computer program product is provided that comprises a computer-readable storage medium with computer-readable program code or computer-readable program instructions implemented therein, the computer-readable program code being designed to execute one or more functions specified in a block or blocks of a flowchart.The computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device to trigger a series of operating elements or steps to be performed in the computer or other programmable device in order to establish a computer-implemented process so that the instructions executed in the computer or other programmable device provide elements or steps for implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks of a flowchart.

[0103] Accordingly, the blocks in the block and flowcharts support combinations of means for performing the specified functions, combinations of elements or steps for performing the specified functions, and program instruction means for performing the specified functions. Furthermore, it is understood that each block in the block and flowcharts, as well as combinations of blocks in the block and flowcharts, can be implemented by dedicated, hardware-based computer systems that perform the specified functions, elements, or steps, or by combinations of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0104] Conditional statements containing words such as "may," "could," or "possibly" are intended, unless explicitly stated otherwise or the context of their use makes it clear, to generally express that certain implementations may contain certain features, elements, and / or processes, while other implementations may not. Therefore, such conditional statements are generally not intended to imply that features, elements, and / or processes are necessarily required for one or more implementations, or that one or more implementations must necessarily contain logic to decide, with or without user input or prompts, whether these features, elements, and / or processes are included or must be performed in any given implementation.

[0105] Based on the teachings set forth in the above description and the accompanying drawings, many variations and further implementations of the disclosure set forth herein arise. Therefore, it is understood that the disclosure is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed and that variations and further implementations are included within the scope of the accompanying claims. While specific terms are used herein, they are employed in a broader sense and solely for the sake of clarity, and are not intended to have any limiting effect.

Claims

[1] Short-term resource request device in a Wi-Fi network, comprising: at least one memory chip that stores computer-executable instructions; and at least one processor of the one or more processors configured to access the at least one memory module, wherein the at least one processor of the one or more processors is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions for the following: Receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request from a user device on the Wi-Fi network, wherein receiving includes: Receiving a plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields from the user device using Resource Block IDs (RBIDs) assigned to or randomly selected by the user device; and Decoding one or more bits of the resource request from the plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; and Sending a trigger frame to the user device, wherein the trigger frame specifies resource blocks allocated to the user device for use when sending data from the user device. [2] Device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields contain at least partially one or more HE-LTF symbols. [3] Device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields are received successively in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. [4] Device according to claim 1, wherein the one or more bits include a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. [5] Device according to claim 4, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of user devices and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second group of user devices. [6] Device according to claim 4, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first RBID and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID. [7] Device according to claim 1, further comprising a transceiver configured for sending and receiving wireless signals. [8] Device according to claim 7, further comprising one or more antennas coupled to the transmitter-receiver. [9] Short-term resource request method in a Wi-Fi network, comprising: Receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request from a user device in a Wi-Fi network, wherein receiving includes: Receiving a plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields from the user device using Resource Block IDs (RBIDs) assigned to or randomly selected by the user device; and Decoding one or more bits of the resource request from the plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; and Sending a trigger frame to the user device, wherein the trigger frame specifies resource blocks allocated to the user device for use when sending data from the user device. [10] Method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields contain at least partially one or more HE-LTF symbols. [11] Method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields are received successively in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. [12] Method according to claim 9, wherein one or more bits include a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. [13] Method according to claim 12, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of user devices and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second group of user devices. [14] Method according to claim 12, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first RBID and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID. [15] A durable, computer-readable medium that stores computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 9 to 14. [16] Short-term resource request device in a Wi-Fi network, comprising: at least one memory chip that stores computer-executable instructions; and at least one processor of the one or more processors configured to access the at least one memory module, wherein the at least one processor of the one or more processors is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions for the following: Sending an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request to an access point in the Wi-Fi network, wherein the sending includes: Encoding one or more bits of the resource request onto a plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; and Sending the majority of consecutive HE-LTF fields to the access point using assigned or randomly selected resource block IDs (RBIDs); and Receiving a trigger frame from the access point, wherein the trigger frame specifies resource blocks allocated by the access point for use when sending data to the access point. [17] Device according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields are sent sequentially. [18] Device according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields are transmitted successively in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. [19] Device according to claim 16, wherein the one or more bits include a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. [20] Device according to claim 19, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of user devices and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second group of user devices. [21] Device according to claim 19, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first RBID and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID. [22] Method for short resource request in a Wi-Fi network, comprising: Sending an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource request to an access point in the Wi-Fi network, wherein the sending includes: Encoding one or more bits of the resource request onto a plurality of consecutive High-Efficiency Long Training (HE-LTF) fields; and Sending the majority of consecutive HE-LTF fields to the access point using assigned or randomly selected resource block IDs (RBIDs); and Receiving a trigger frame from the access point, wherein the trigger frame specifies resource blocks allocated by the access point for use when sending data to the access point. [23] Method according to claim 22, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields contain at least partially one or more HE-LTF symbols. [24] Method according to claim 22, wherein the plurality of HE-LTF fields are transmitted successively in a time domain and / or a frequency domain. [25] Method according to claim 22, wherein one or more bits include a first bit associated with a first HE-LTF field and a second bit associated with a second HE-LTF field. [26] Method according to claim 25, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first group of user devices and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second group of user devices. [27] Method according to claim 25, wherein the first HE-LTF field is associated with a first RBID and the second HE-LTF field is associated with a second RBID. [28] A durable, computer-readable medium that stores computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 22 to 27.

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