Remaining charge level runtime update

Abstract

A method comprises recording a first voltage value of a voltage source (404), recording a second voltage value of the voltage source (406), and determining a first estimated residual state of charge of the voltage source based on the first voltage value and the second voltage value (408). Furthermore, the method comprises determining a factor (601) based on the first voltage value or the second voltage value (409), and calculating a residual state of charge of the voltage source based on the first estimated residual state of charge and the factor (410).

Description

[0001] Aspects of the disclosure relate to devices and systems containing direct current voltage sources (DC voltage sources), and in particular the determination of the battery charge level. BACKGROUND

[0002] The state of charge (SOC) of a battery is an important characteristic in a battery management system (BMS). However, the battery's full charge capacity (FCC) is affected by current, temperature, and age.

[0003] One approach to determining the remaining state of charge (SOC) uses a predicted end-of-charge voltage (EDV) threshold based on minimum and maximum load limits and temperature variations. This approach can experience increased errors over long lifetimes and may lose capacity at low discharge levels. Furthermore, this approach requires one or more learning cycles to learn the capacity using a coulometer.

[0004] A second approach uses a dynamic threshold based on tracked impedance learning. This approach involves complex battery chemistry generation and input and requires one or more learning cycles to learn the capacity using a coulometer.

[0005] It would be useful to have a procedure that determines a residual SOC at different temperatures and for different loads, reducing or eliminating the use of learning cycles. SUMMARY

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method comprises recording a first voltage value of a voltage source, recording a second voltage value of the voltage source, and determining a first estimated state of charge (SOC) value. geschätztThe procedure involves determining the voltage source based on the first and second voltage values. It also includes determining a factor based on either the first or second voltage value and calculating a state of charge (SOC). Rest ) of the voltage source based on the first estimated state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) and based on the factor.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a device comprises a controller configured to receive a first voltage measurement of a DC voltage source from a voltage sensor, to receive a second voltage measurement of the DC voltage source from the voltage sensor, and to estimate a state of charge (SOC) based on the first and second voltage measurements. geschätzt) to calculate. Furthermore, the controller is configured to calculate a change factor (factor) and to use it based on the estimated state of charge (SOC). geschätzt ) and the change factor (factor) a residual charge state (SOC) Rest ) to calculate the DC voltage source.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a device comprises one or more computer-readable storage media and program instructions stored in the one or more computer-readable storage media, wherein the program instructions are executable by a processing system to enable the processing system to receive a voltage measurement and a subsequent voltage measurement from a voltage source and to estimate a state of charge (SOC) value. geschätzt) based on the voltage measurement and the subsequent voltage measurement. Furthermore, the program instructions direct the processing system to determine a factor and to determine a state of charge (SOC). Rest ) of the voltage source based on the estimated residual charge value and based on the factor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Many aspects of the disclosure can be better understood with the aid of the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale; the emphasis is instead on clearly illustrating the principles of this disclosure. Furthermore, identical reference numerals throughout the drawings, in all views, denote corresponding parts. Although several embodiments are described in connection with these drawings, the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, it is intended to include all alternatives, modifications, and correspondences. Fig. Figure 1 is a basic block diagram of a system containing a DC voltage source, according to one implementation. Fig. Figure 2 shows exemplary signal shapes of battery voltage discharge according to one implementation. Fig. Figure 3 is a principle block diagram that represents a method for determining the battery charge level according to one implementation. Fig. Figure 4 is a flowchart that describes a procedure for determining the remaining battery charge level according to an implementation. Fig. Figure 5 presents a voltage curve and a calculation of a residual charge state using voltage measurements according to an implementation. Fig. Figure 6 represents a curve for determining a factor based on measured stresses according to an implementation. Fig. Figure 7 is a block diagram that represents a change in a specific battery residual charge state according to an implementation. Fig. Section 8 provides a reference table containing examples of a temperature-current table. Fig. 7 is represented according to an implementation. Fig. Figure 9 represents a computer system suitable for implementing the various operating environments, architectures, processes, scenarios, and procedures discussed below in relation to the other figures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE FORMS OF EXECUTION

[0010] This document discloses systems, methods, and devices relating to battery state of charge (SOC) parameters for improving the determination of the SOC in a system containing battery power, for example, for reporting the SOC to a user or for optimizing battery usage, including energy consumption and charging. An example illustrates... Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery-powered system 100, which includes a direct current (DC) voltage source, according to one implementation. The system 100 contains a voltage source 101, such as a battery, which provides some or all of the power for a load 102. A controller 103 or another control device, such as a processor, can be coupled to the load 102 to control various operations of the load 102, which may be influenced by the state of charge (SOC) of the voltage source 101. A voltmeter 104 and an ammeter 105, connected to the voltage source 101, provide voltage and current values ​​to the controller 103 to determine the SOC, for example, based on a measured voltage stored in the voltage source 101 and the amount of current demanded or used by the load 102.

[0011] Fig. Figure 2 presents exemplary signal waveforms of battery voltage discharge according to one implementation. A voltage discharge curve 200 shows an example of an open-circuit voltage discharge signal waveform (OCV discharge signal waveform) 201 according to a first example of the energy consumption of a battery such as battery 101. Fig. 1. As the ampere-hour (Ah) energy stored in the battery is used (e.g., from 0 Ah to 6 Ah), the OCV, as indicated by the voltage discharge waveform 201, continuously decreases, although the rate of OCV decrease varies, as shown by the changes in the rise of the different sections of the voltage discharge waveform 201. Near the end of the usable energy that can be supplied by the battery, there is an increase in OCV loss to drastically reduce the OCV to an "open-circuit level" 202 at a much faster rate than during most of the preceding OCV loss. The open-circuit level indicates the level at which the full chemical capacity (Q) max) of the battery. According to the example shown, the open-circuit voltage 202 is 3 volts; however, the open-circuit voltage 202 depends on conditions such as battery chemistry, temperature, age, lifespan, current consumption, and other parameters, and can vary for batteries of different sizes, capacities, chemistries, and the like.

[0012] According to an ideal scenario where the battery's usable capacity remains constant regardless of external and internal conditions experienced or demanded by the battery, determining the State of Charge (SOC) to indicate the remaining battery capacity to a user or to control operations of load 102 could be based on the capacity consumed so far, compared to the unchanging total usable capacity (e.g., the Ah value of the empty level 202). However, the total usable capacity is not a fixed ideal value and can be affected by conditions similar to those described above, such as temperature, age, lifespan, power consumption, and other parameters. A Fig. The second waveform 203 shown represents the operating voltage of the same battery under different operating conditions, such as a different temperature and increased current consumption. Due to the effects of such conditions, the operating voltage is lower across the battery's usable chemical capacity, and the voltage discharge waveform 203 ends at a lower Ah rating at an empty level 202 than the voltage discharge waveform 201. The difference between the Ah values ​​of the voltage discharge waveform 201, which discharges to the empty level 202, and the empty level 202, which discharges to the empty level 202, is here referred to as the residual state of charge (SOC) 204.

[0013] Fig. Figure 2 further shows a pair of indicators 205, 206, which show the battery's state of charge (SOC) capacity based on the voltage-discharge waveforms 201, 203. The first capacity indicator 205 contains a section 207 of used capacity and a section 208 of remaining capacity. The indicator 205 ranges from a full-charge capacity level 209 (0 Ah) to an empty-discharge capacity level 210 (approximately 5.2 Ah). The battery's SOC at a SOC point 211 can be determined by calculating a percentage of the remaining capacity section 208 up to the full available capacity (e.g., the used capacity section 207 and the remaining capacity section 208). According to an example where the SOC point is 211 at a capacity level of 3.4 Ah, the SOC value can be calculated as (5.2 - 3.4) / 5.2 = 34.6% SOC.The indicator 206 contains a section 212 of used capacity and a section 213 of remaining capacity and ranges from the full charge capacity level 209 (0 Ah) to an empty charge capacity level 214 (approximately 4.8 Ah). At the same SOC point 211, the battery's SOC in the voltage discharge signal waveform scenario 203 results in the SOC value calculated as (4.8 - 3.4) / 4.8 = 29.2% SOC.

[0014] As can be understood, an incorrect reporting or improper determination of the battery's state of charge (SOC) value, which is at 34.6% (such as by always using the same capacity value of the open-circuit level 202 without considering the conditions affecting battery energy supply), in the scenario represented by the lower waveform 203, will show a higher SOC value than the actual remaining charge in the battery. Consequently, events such as the battery running out of deliverable energy sooner than expected can occur. To reduce or minimize such errors in determining the remaining SOC in a battery, the residual SOC 204 is calculated and used in the SOC calculations to account for the variable open-circuit charge capacity level (e.g., the open-circuit charge capacity level 214).

[0015] Fig. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method 300 for determining the battery state of charge according to one embodiment. According to one embodiment, the method 300 can be implemented via a processing system that includes a processor or controller (e.g., the controller 103) which executes processes configured to perform the functions described herein. The implementation of the method 300 generates a user-defined state of charge (SOC) 301 based on either a path 302 of measured voltage or a path 303 of accumulated current. The path 302 of measured voltage is useful at the beginning of operation of the battery-powered system until sufficient current measurements have accumulated to then utilize the path 303 of accumulated current. The path 302 of measured voltage includes the detection of a remaining time by the remaining time detection module 304.During a measurement period, a voltage input 305 receives a measured voltage from the battery, and a calibrated state of charge (SOC) and absolute full capacity (AbsFullCap) are calculated. The absolute full capacity value represents the design capacity, Q. max , the battery (e.g., indicator 205 from Fig. 2) The calibrated SOC is provided for a VGauge module 306, which includes a voltage input 307 and a temperature input 308 for receiving the measured voltage and temperature of the battery. Based on these inputs, the VGauge module 306 uses a battery model to generate a battery charge. From the battery charge and temperature, a VGauge SOC (VG_SOC) is determined.

[0016] The VGauge-SOC is provided for a mixing module 309 to calculate an initial nominal SOC (NomSOC). The nominal SOC is based on the sum of a calculated empty SOC and a full SOC of the battery. As described below, a residual learning module 310 refines the initial nominal SOC to increase the accuracy of the determined battery SOC. In particular, the residual learning module 310 is helpful in increasing the accuracy of the residual SOC calculation (e.g., residual SOC 204) to improve the empty SOC value from which the nominal SOC is calculated. The residual learning module 310 includes a voltage input 311, a temperature input 312, and a current input 313 for receiving measured voltage, temperature, and current values ​​for use in determining the residual SOC. The improved calculation via the residual learning module 310 generates the user-specific SOC 301.

[0017] In section 303 of the accumulated current path of method 300, an iGauge module 314 includes a current input 315 for receiving a measured current during battery use. The iGauge module 314 accumulates the measured current to measure a used amount (Q). Verwendung ) to determine the stored energy from the battery. The amount used is provided to the mixing module 309 to help determine the nominal state of charge (SOC) of the battery.

[0018] Fig. Figure 4 is a flowchart that describes a residual state of charge (SOC) method 400 for determining the battery's residual state of charge according to one implementation. According to one embodiment, the method 400 can be implemented via a processing system that includes a processor or controller (e.g., the controller 103) that executes processes configured to perform the functions described herein. According to one example, the residual SOC method 400 can be implemented in the residual learning module 310 from Fig. 3 can be used. Fig. Figure 5 represents a voltage curve 500, which includes one or more sections of the procedure 400. Fig. 4 illustrated. Using Fig. 4 and Fig. In step 5, procedure 400 begins in block 401 by operating a load that consumes energy from the voltage source, such as the battery whose state of charge (SOC) is to be determined. As energy is consumed from the battery, the battery voltage level 501 decreases from an initial level to subsequent lower levels. In block 402, the battery voltage level 501 is monitored during the consumption of energy from the battery. In block 403, in response to the voltage level 501 exceeding a predetermined initial voltage 502, procedure 400 returns to steps 401 and 402 to continue operating the load and monitoring the battery voltage level. The initial voltage 502 can be determined to be a voltage value close to the battery's open-circuit SOC, such as a voltage value adjacent to a drastic drop in the available SOC that can occur within at least 10% of the available SOC.According to an example, it can be determined that the voltage value of 3.25 V is the initial voltage 502 for the voltage discharge signal waveform such as the voltage discharge signal waveform 203 from . Fig. 2. Furthermore, the initial voltage 502 can vary based on the load conditions in the battery. For example, the controller 103 can set the initial voltage 502 by considering the accumulated energy usage compared to an estimated amount of usable remaining energy. Temperature, age, lifespan, and other operating parameters discussed here can also influence the setting of the initial voltage 502.

[0019] In block 403, in response to the voltage level 501 falling below the specified initial voltage 502, a first voltage value 503 is measured and recorded in block 404. For example, the controller 103 can Fig. 1. Acquire voltage measurements in procedure 400 using the voltage meter 104. As explained below, procedure 400 determines a model of the SOC based on a pair of voltage measurements. geschätzt -value (e.g., a trend line). It is useful to record the voltage measurements at different voltage levels of voltage level 501. Accordingly, procedure 400 in block 405 includes the operation of the load to continue consuming energy from the battery. In block 406, a second voltage value 504 is measured and recorded.

[0020] In block 407, a trend line 505 is determined based on the recorded first and second voltage values ​​503, 504. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the trend line 505 exhibits a negative slope, which represents a void voltage value 506 along a horizontal SOC. RestThe percentage axis 507 intersects the voltage curve 500. For example, the open-circuit voltage value 506 corresponds to the open-circuit level 202, which is shown above in Fig. 2 is shown and discussed in relation to it. Block 408 shows an estimated state of charge (SOC). geschätzt -value) estimated at the intersection point 508.

[0021] As in Fig. As shown in 5, this corresponds to the SOC. geschätzt -Value 508 does not reflect the actual SOC Rest -Value 509 at the intersection of voltage level 501 with the SOC Rest -Percentage axis 507. Accordingly, a change factor (factor) is determined in block 409. In Fig. Figure 6 shows a curve 600 usable for determining the factor. Determining the change factor involves calculating the percentage factor value 601 based on the intersection of a stress value with a curve 602. As shown, the stress value corresponds to the stress value measured later (e.g., the second stress value 504) of the pair of stress values ​​used in generating the trend line 505. For example, in subsequent iterations of the procedure 400 to determine additional trend lines, as described below, the most recently measured stress value is used to determine the intersection with the curve 602.

[0022] Alternatively, the percentage factor value 601 can be determined by evaluating the formula: Factor = 1 − (measured voltage value − open voltage value) (initial voltage value − open voltage value)

[0023] Returning to Fig. Process 410 will be used to calculate the remaining SOC value (SOC). Rest -value) executed to determine the actual SOC Rest -to estimate the battery's value. Fig. 7 presents a flowchart for carrying out the steps of the SOC. Rest The value calculation process 410 is shown according to one embodiment. Block 700 represents the SOC. geschätzt -Value 508, which was previously calculated in block 408 of procedure 400. In block 701, a lookup table location of a lookup table ( Fig. 8) based on a current value and a temperature value such as from the temperature and current inputs 312, 313 Fig. 3 a residual charge state value (SOC) nachschlagen -value).

[0024] Fig. Figure 8 represents a lookup table 800, in which the remaining charge state (SOC) is shown. Rest ) is mapped at locations in lookup table 800 based on temperature and current thresholds. The SOC Rest-Values ​​represent expected values ​​for the actual SOC Rest -Value 509 at the various levels of temperature and current and are displayed in block 701 as SOC nachschlagen Values ​​are obtained. The rows in lookup table 800 represent SOC. Rest Values ​​at the same temperature thresholds (e.g., TempThd1, TempThd2, TempThd3, etc.) under different current thresholds (e.g., CurThdl, CurThd2, CurThd3, etc.). Columns in lookup table 800 represent SOC. Rest Values ​​(e.g., 801, 802) are based on the same current thresholds under different temperature thresholds. The SOC Rest Values ​​in lookup table 800 can increase or decrease in threshold values, while their positions vary along the rows and columns. Initially, they can start at 0%, as in one example. In another example, the SOC RestInitial values ​​are populated based on expected values. Selected values ​​in lookup table 800 can be chosen based on a nearest threshold scheme, using values ​​closest to the measured temperature and current thresholds; an interpolation scheme, interpolating values ​​between the thresholds as needed based on the measured temperature and current thresholds; or another scheme upon request. As described below, the SOC Rest -values ​​as part of the SOC Rest -Value calculation process 410 updated

[0025] Returning to Fig. 7 will be the received SOC geschätzt - and SOC nachschlagen -values ​​(blocks 700, 701) together with the change factor that is taken from block 409 Fig. The factor calculation block 702 is provided for factor calculation block 4. Factor calculation block 702 generates the factor based on the SOC. geschätzt -value and the SOC nachschlagen -value a SOC berechnet -Value 703. According to an example, the SOC berechnet Value 703 calculated based on the formula: SOCcalculated=SOClookup⋅Factor+SOCestimated⋅(1−Factor).

[0026] As shown in equation 2, both the SOC nachschlagen - as well as the SOC geschätzt The value was changed based on the factor and summed together to produce the SOCcalculated value 703.

[0027] Block 704 will house the SOC berechnet - and the SOC lookup value was compared. If the SOC nachschlagen -value greater than the SOC berechnet If the value is the SOC lookup value, it is considered the correct value for use and the SOC will be displayed. nachschlagen -value in block 705 as the residual SOC value (SOC Rest) 706 was issued. If the SOC berechnet If, however, the value in block 704 is greater than the SOC lookup value, then the SOC applies berechnet -Value as the correct value for use and is in block 707 of the SOC berechnet The value was output as the residual SoC value of 706. As in Fig. As shown in 7, the SOC will continue to be used. berechnet Value 703 provided for a table update block 708, which updates the lookup table 800 based on the SOC berechnet The value 703 is updated. Accordingly, lookup table 800 is updated with the SOC. berechnet Value 703 updated if the new SOC berechnet -Value 703 greater than the one in lookup table 800 at the location from which the SOC nachschlagen The value (block 701) obtained is an existing value. Updating the lookup table involves substituting or replacing the existing SOC. nachschlagen -value (Block 701) by the newly determined SOC berechnet -Value 703. Since the new SOC berechnet-Value 703 also the output SOC Rest The value is also understood to mean that updating the lookup table affects the existing SOC. nachschlagen -value (Block 701) by the SOC Rest -Value 706 replaced.

[0028] Returning to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 reverses process control after or during the SOC calculation Rest -Value 703 returns to block 405 to iterate through blocks 405-410 to calculate a new SOC based on an updated voltage measurement Rest -value 703 to be calculated. For example, a third voltage value 510 is measured and recorded in block 404 after some energy has been consumed from the battery in block 405. Subsequently, a new trend line 511 is determined based on the second voltage value 504 and the third voltage value 510 to establish a new SOC. geschätzt -value 512 to identify. Then the SOC geschätztThe value 512 is used in process 410 to calculate the SOC. Rest -Value 703 to be updated as described above. As shown, a further iteration based on the third voltage value 510, a fourth voltage value 514, and a generated trend line 515 produces a different SOC. geschätzt -Value 513. With the value from the SOC geschätzt -values ​​508, 512, 513 calculated new SOC Rest A value of 703 reduces confidence in the SOC. Rest -Value 703, which is based on the actual SOC Rest -values ​​509 is adjusted. Although this is not shown, it can be understood that further iterations of the processes described above, in response to the voltage level 501 being curved in the direction of the SOC axis 507 as shown, SOC geschätzt Values ​​along the SOC axis 507 are getting closer and closer to the actual SOC. Rest Return a value of 509.

[0029] Again based on Fig. 3 is based on the SOC calculated as described here. Rest -Values ​​703 through the residual learning module 310 a user-specific state of charge value (SOC) benutzerspezifisch -value) 301, which improves the actual SOC capacity of the battery based on the remaining SOC and the temperature and current values. According to an example, the SOC benutzerspezifisch -value using the formula: SOCuser-specific=Qmax⋅(1−SOCRest)−QUsageQmax⋅(1−SOCRest) to be determined, where Q max represents the full chemical capacity of the battery and Q Verwendung represents the amount of the battery's SOC used.

[0030] Now moving on to Fig. In Section 9, Architecture 900 represents a Computer System 901, which represents any system or assembly of systems in which the various processes, programs, services, and scenarios disclosed herein can be implemented. Examples of Computer System 901 include, but are not limited to, general-purpose computers, application-specific computers such as automotive or aviation computers, embedded computers, industrial computers, server computers, microcontroller units, and personal computers.

[0031] The computer system 901 can be implemented as a single device, system, or facility, or it can be implemented in a distributed manner as multiple devices, systems, or facilities. The computer system 901 includes, but is not limited to, a processing system 902, a storage system 903, software 904, a communication interface system 905, and a user interface system 906 (optional). The processing system 902 is functionally coupled with the storage system 903, the communication interface system 905, and the user interface system 906.

[0032] The processing system 902 loads software 904 from the storage storage system 903 and executes it. The software 904 contains and implements a control process 907, which represents the processes discussed with reference to the preceding figures, such as the battery SOC procedures 300 and 400. When the software 904 is executed by the processing system 902, it directs the processing system 902 to operate as described here, at least for various processes, operating scenarios, and sequences discussed in the preceding implementations. Optionally, the computer system 901 may include additional facilities, features, or functions, which are not discussed here for the sake of brevity.

[0033] Further based on Fig.9. The processing system 902 can comprise a microprocessor and other circuitry that reads and executes software 904 from the storage storage system 903. The processing system 902 can be implemented in a single processing unit, but it can also be distributed across multiple processing units or subsystems that work together to execute program instructions. Examples of the processing system 902 include one or more general-purpose central processing units, graphics processing units, microprocessors, digital signal processors, freely programmable logic devices, application-specific processors, processing circuits, analog circuits, digital circuits and logic devices, and any other type of processing device, combinations, or variants thereof.

[0034] The storage storage system 903 can comprise any computer-readable storage storage media that are readable by the processing system 902 and capable of storing software 904. The storage storage system 903 can include volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media, implemented in any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of storage storage media include read-write memory, read-only memory, magnetic disks, optical disks, flash memory, virtual and non-virtual memory, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other suitable storage storage media. Under no circumstances are the computer-readable storage storage media a propagated signal.

[0035] In addition to computer-readable storage media, the storage system 903, according to some implementations, may also include computer-readable communication media through which at least some of the software 904 can be transmitted internally or externally. The storage system 903 may be implemented as a single storage device, but it may also be implemented across multiple storage devices or subsystems, either located in the same place or distributed relative to one another. The storage system 903 may include additional elements such as a controller that can communicate with the processing system 902 or other possible systems.

[0036] Software 904 (including process 907) can be implemented in program instructions and, among other functions, when executed by processing system 902, can direct processing system 902 to operate with respect to the various operating scenarios, procedures, and processes presented here. For example, software 904 can contain program instructions for implementing the processes described here.

[0037] In particular, the program instructions may contain various components or modules that work together or otherwise interact to execute the various processes and operating scenarios described herein. The various components or modules may be embodied in compiled or interpreted instructions, or in some other variant or combination of instructions. The various components or modules may be executed synchronously or asynchronously, serially or in parallel, in a single-stranded or multi-stranded environment, or in accordance with any other suitable execution paradigm, any other suitable embodiment, or combination thereof. The Software 904 may contain additional processes, programs, or components such as operating system software, virtualization software, or other application software.Furthermore, the software 904 may include firmware or another form of machine-readable processing instructions executable by the processing system 902.

[0038] In general, when loaded and executed in the processing system 902, software 904 can transform a suitable device, system, or arrangement (representing the computer system 901) from a general-purpose computer system into a specialized computer system that is user-specific for supporting image processing. In fact, coding software 904 can transform the physical structure of the storage storage system 903 within the storage storage system 903. The specific transformation of the physical structure may depend on various factors in different implementations of this description. Examples of such factors include, but are not limited to, the technology used to implement the storage media of the storage storage system 903, and whether the computer storage media are designated as primary or secondary.

[0039] For example, if the computer-readable storage media are implemented as semiconductor-based memory, Software 904 can transform the physical state of the semiconductor memory when the program instructions are encoded therein, such as by transforming the state of transistors, capacitors, or other discrete circuit elements that constitute the semiconductor memory. A similar transformation can take place with respect to magnetic or optical media. Other transformations of physical media are possible without deviating from the scope of protection of the present description, the foregoing examples being given only to facilitate the present discussion.

[0040] The Communication Interface System 905 can include communication links and communication equipment that enable communication with other computer systems (not shown) over communication networks (not shown). Examples of links and equipment that together enable inter-system communication may include network interface cards, antennas, power amplifiers, RF circuits, receivers, and other communication circuitry. The links and equipment can communicate over communication media, such as metal, glass, air, or any other suitable communication media, to exchange communications with other computer systems or networks of systems. The media, links, and equipment mentioned above are well known and need not be discussed in detail here.

[0041] Communication between Computer System 901 and other computer systems (not shown) can take place over one or more communication networks and in accordance with various communication protocols, combinations of protocols, or variants thereof. Examples include intranets, internets, the Internet, local area networks, wide area networks, wireless networks, wired networks, virtual networks, software-defined networks, data center buses and data center backplanes, or any other type of network, any other combination of networks, or variants thereof. The communication networks and protocols mentioned above are well known and need not be discussed in detail here.

[0042] As those skilled in the art will appreciate, aspects of the present invention can be embodied as a system, a method, or a computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention can take the form of a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or an implementation that combines software and hardware aspects, all of which may be generally referred to here as a "circuit," "module," or "system." Furthermore, aspects of the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media containing computer-readable program code.

[0043] In fact, the descriptions and figures contained herein show specific implementations to teach the person skilled in the art how to manufacture and use the invention in the best way. To teach the principles of the invention, some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted. The person skilled in the art will appreciate variants of these implementations that are within the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described above can be combined in various ways to form several implementations. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific implementations described above, but only to the claims and their equivalents.

[0044] The above description and the accompanying figures illustrate the best embodiment of the invention. The following claims specify the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that some aspects of the best embodiment may not be included in the scope of protection of the invention as specified by the claims. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described above can be combined in various ways to form several variants of the invention. Thus, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but only to the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

[1] Procedure comprising the following: Recording a first voltage value from a voltage source; Recording a second voltage value from the voltage source; Determining an initial estimated state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) the voltage source based on the first voltage value and the second voltage value; Determining a factor based on the first stress value or the second stress value; and Calculating a residual charge level (SOC) Rest ) of the voltage source based on the first estimated state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) and based on the factor. [2] The method of claim 1, further comprising: Recording the first voltage value after the charge level of the voltage source has dropped to an initial voltage value. [3] The method of claim 1, further comprising: Obtaining a state of charge (SOC) value nachschlagen ) from a lookup table location of a lookup table based on a current value and a temperature value. [4] Method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation of the state of charge (SOC) Rest The following is included: Determining a calculated state of charge (SOC) value berechnet ) based on: Changing the state of charge (SOC) value nachschlagen ) based on the factor; and Changing the first estimated state of charge (SOC) value geschätzt ) based on the factor. [5] Method according to claim 4, wherein determining the calculated state of charge (SOC) value berechnet The following is included: Determining the calculated state of charge (SOC) value berechnet ) based on a formula: SOCcalculated=SOClookup⋅Factor+SOCestimated⋅(1−Factor). [6] Method according to claim 4, wherein the calculation of the state of charge (SOC) Rest The following is included: Using the state of charge (SOC) nachschlagen ) as the remaining state of charge (SOC) Rest ) based on the fact that the state of charge (SOC) nachschlagen ) greater than the calculated state of charge (SOC) value berechnet ) is; and Using the calculated state of charge (SOC) value berechnet ) as the remaining state of charge (SOC) Rest ) based on the fact that the state of charge (SOC) nachschlagen ) less than the calculated state of charge (SOC) berechnet ) is. [7] The method of claim 6, further comprising: Update the lookup table with the calculated state of charge (SOC) value. berechnet ) based on the fact that the state of charge (SOC) nachschlagen ) less than the calculated state of charge (SOC) berechnet ) is. [8] Method according to claim 1, wherein determining the factor comprises: Determining a percentage value based on a value of the first estimated state of charge (SOC). geschätzt ) compared to a range between an initial voltage value and an open-circuit voltage value. [9] The method of claim 1, further comprising: Recording a third voltage value from the voltage source; Determining a second estimated residual charge value based on the second voltage value and the third voltage value; Updating the factor based on the second or third voltage value; and Updating the state of charge (SOC) value Rest ) based on the second estimated residual charge value and based on the updated factor. [10] The method of claim 1, further comprising: To cause a load to consume energy from the voltage source between the recording of the first and second voltage values. [11] Device comprising the following: a controller that is configured to: Receiving an initial voltage measurement from a DC voltage source using a voltage sensor; Receiving a second voltage reading from the DC voltage source by the voltage sensor; Calculating an estimated state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) based on the first and second voltage measurements; Calculating a change factor (factor); and Calculating a residual state of charge (SOC) Rest ) of the DC voltage source based on the estimated state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) and the change factor (factor). [12] Device according to claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the state of charge (SOC). Rest) the DC voltage source further based on a residual state of charge (SOC) value nachschlagen to calculate. [13] Device according to claim 12, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the state of charge (SOC). Rest ) of the DC voltage source to be further calculated based on a formula: SOCcalculated=SOClookup⋅Factor+SOCestimated⋅(1−Factor). [14] Device according to claim 12, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the state of charge (SOC). nachschlagen ) based on a temperature and based on an amount of current consumption from the DC voltage source from a lookup table. [15] Device according to claim 11, wherein the DC voltage source comprises a battery. [16] Device comprising the following: one or more computer-readable storage media; Program instructions stored in one or more computer-readable storage media, wherein the program instructions are executable by a processing system to direct the processing system to: Receiving a voltage measurement and a subsequent voltage measurement from a voltage source; Estimating a state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) based on the voltage measurement and the subsequent voltage measurement; Determining a factor; and Determining a residual state of charge (SOC) Rest ) of the voltage source based on the estimated residual charge value and based on the factor. [17] Device according to claim 16, wherein the program instructions further direct the processing system to: Determining a trend line based on the voltage measurement and the subsequent voltage measurement; and wherein the program instructions that the processing system uses to estimate the state of charge (SOC) geschätzt ) direct, further direct the processing system to: Determining an intersection point of the trend line and an axis line that represents an empty charge state of the voltage source. [18] Device according to claim 16, wherein the program instructions that direct the processing system to determine the factor further direct the processing system to: Determining the factor based on the subsequent voltage measurement. [19] Device according to claim 16, wherein the program instructions further direct the processing system to: Retaining a stored state of charge (SOC) value nachschlagen ) from a lookup table based on current consumption from the voltage source through a load and based on the temperature of the voltage source. [20] Device according to claim 19, wherein the program instructions further direct the processing system to: Replacing the stored state of charge (SOC) value nachschlagen ) through the determined state of charge (SOC) Rest ) based on the fact that the specific state of charge (SOC) Rest ) greater than the stored state of charge (SOC) nachschlagen ) is.

Images