Support element for a precast reinforced concrete element

Abstract

Support element for a precast reinforced concrete element, which has a steel beam (3) with a support area (40) or a support plate (41) and the steel beam (3) is integrally connected to a receiving element (7) which carries an anchoring element (6) projecting from the steel beam (3), characterized in that the receiving element (7) is pressed onto the anchoring element (6).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a support element for a precast reinforced concrete element, which has a steel beam with a support area or a support plate and the steel beam is integrally connected to a receiving element which carries an anchoring element projecting from the steel beam.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a precast reinforced concrete element with a support element and to a method for manufacturing a support element. Precast reinforced concrete elements with a longitudinal extension are known, which are supported on supporting structural components, such as brackets or on support structures such as beams, columns, girders, or the like. The aforementioned support elements are located at the ends of the precast reinforced concrete element, establishing a mechanical connection between the precast reinforced concrete element and the support structure.

[0003] A support element of this type is known from European patent application EP 685 608 A1. This document describes a support element for a precast reinforced concrete element, which has a steel beam to whose bottom flange a sleeve is welded. An internal thread is cut on the open side of the sleeve.

[0004] An anchoring element bar, which is a reinforcing bar with a welded-on anchor plate, has an external thread at its other end, through which it is screwed into the sleeve. Before a reinforcing bar can be used, it must first be prepared. In particular, the bar must be upset in one area. Then, the ribs typical of reinforcing bars are removed from the outer surface in the area where the thread is to be applied.

[0005] The rod is then chamfered at one end, and a thread is rolled or cut. The numerous processing steps increase the cost of this product. Furthermore, screwing in the loose anchor rod with a specified torque is a complex process.

[0006] The invention aims to propose a support element that is cheaper to manufacture and easier to assemble on the construction site.

[0007] To solve this problem, the invention starts from a support element, as described above, and proposes that a receiving element is pressed onto the anchoring element.

[0008] The proposed press connection between the receiving element and the anchoring element increases safety in the production of precast reinforced concrete elements with such support elements. The user no longer needs to create a bolted connection whose tightening torque must be checked with a suitable tool. This proposal achieves the same load-bearing capacity as the state of the art.

[0009] Preferably, the receiving element is designed as a sleeve. However, it is also possible to use a different body with an outer cross-section other than a circle, such as a square or a polygon, in which the anchoring element is inserted into a bore and secured. The type of fastening can be welding, grouting, or other forms of force-fit. Crucially, the reinforcing bar should not be welded directly onto the steel beam, as this would require very thick, multi-layered welds to achieve the most complete possible force-fit. With a receiving element that acts as an intermediate piece between the reinforcing bar and the steel beam, and which has a larger circumference for welding, the weld can be thinner and single-layered because it is longer. This results in less heat input and significantly speeds up the welding process.

[0010] The anchoring element is preferably connected to the steel beam by welding via the pressed-on receiving element. Since the receiving element accommodates the anchoring element, this increases the available welding surface and contact area. This facilitates a precise, angular connection between the anchoring element and the steel beam.

[0011] The pressing process on the one hand and the welding on the other hand also securely fixes the orientation of the end anchorage (= anchor plate) arranged on the anchoring element, which is particularly advantageous in the thin webs of prestressed reinforced concrete precast elements.

[0012] The problem according to the invention is solved not only by the described support element, but also by a method for manufacturing a support element as a steel component of a precast reinforced concrete element, which is characterized by the following steps: - Pressing a receiving element onto an anchoring element - one-piece connection of the receiving element to the steel beam of the support element

[0013] The prior art proposals first involved welding a sleeve to the steel beam. An internal thread was then cut into the sleeve. If a reinforcing bar was used as the anchoring element, it first had to be upset, chamfered, and peeled – that is, the ribs had to be removed from the area of ​​the outer surface that would engage with the sleeve. After peeling, an external thread had to be cut onto the reinforcing bar, and only then could the reinforcing bar be screwed into the internal thread of the sleeve under precise control of the tightening torque.

[0014] The method proposed according to the invention significantly shortens this complex process according to the prior art and therefore considerably reduces the cost of manufacturing a support element according to the invention. Furthermore, a further verification step for the correct rotational alignment of the end anchorage or the anchoring element on the support element is eliminated.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the method, the receiving element is first pressed onto the anchoring element, and only afterwards is the receiving element and the pressed-on anchoring element joined integrally to the steel beam, preferably welded.

[0016] Alternatively, the invention also includes a different process sequence. The invention also includes a solution in which a possibly relatively large receiving element, i.e., a long element in relation to its diameter (ratio of length to outer diameter greater than 2.5, preferably greater than 4, particularly preferably greater than 5), is first welded onto the steel beam, and only then is the anchoring element inserted into the welded-on receiving element and pressed together with it.

[0017] Furthermore, the proposal advantageously provides that the receiving element is welded to or attached to the steel beam. Preferably, the welding is carried out with a fillet weld (circumferentially around the receiving element). Alternatively, it is provided that a one-piece connection can also be achieved by another joining process such as flash butt welding, laser welding, or friction welding.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, a gap exists between the end face of the anchoring element inserted into the receiving element and the steel beam. Because the receiving element has a larger diameter than the anchoring element, the welding process is both accelerated and improved in quality due to the increased weld length and the reduced amount of weld metal deposited.

[0019] Since the anchoring element does not protrude all the way to the steel beam, less heat is dissipated during welding. This reduced heat input also minimizes the risk of damage to the cold-formed press fit and thus the risk of misalignment. Furthermore, the "insulation effect," or the reduced heat input resulting from the arrangement of the gap, prevents temperature-related negative effects on the press fit.

[0020] Such a design is achieved by the fact that, in the method proposed according to the invention, the receiving element is not completely pushed onto the anchoring element, but a free space remains above the end surface of the anchoring element in the receiving element.

[0021] Furthermore, the pressed-on section of the receiving element is designed to be equal to or shorter than the insertion length of the anchoring element into the receiving element. It has been found that a press fit is not required over the entire insertion length of the anchoring element into the receiving element; a smaller portion is sufficient to achieve a stable connection. For example, the insertion length is 50–80%, preferably 60–70%, of the axial length. The length of the pressed-on section of the receiving element is approximately 45–75%, preferably 50–60%, of the axial length. The pressed-on section is designed such that the end region of the anchoring element (for example, a reinforcing bar) protruding into the receiving element is not grouted.

[0022] The press fit, or the pressed-on section, is preferably located on the side of the receiving element facing away from the steel beam. This prevents the press fit from being directly exposed to the heat input during welding and provides thermal protection, particularly due to the clearance. The press fit remains sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress even after welding.

[0023] It is possible to use a different body as the receiving element, instead of a pressed-on rotationally symmetrical sleeve. This body has an outer cross-section other than a circle, such as a square or a polygon, in which the anchoring element is inserted into a bore and secured. The type of fastening can be welding, grouting, or other forms of force-fit. Crucially, the reinforcing bar should not be welded directly onto the steel beam, as this would require very thick, multi-layered welds to achieve the most complete force-fit possible. With an intermediate piece between the reinforcing bar and the steel beam that has a larger circumference for welding, the weld can be thinner and single-layered because it is longer. This results in less heat input and significantly speeds up the welding process.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the anchoring element is designed as a bar, in particular as a reinforcing bar or as a bar with ribs on its outer surface. The ribs on the outer surface of a reinforcing bar significantly improve the anchoring of the anchoring element in the concrete of a precast reinforced concrete element. The ribs also significantly improve the retention of the anchoring element in the pressed-on receiving element. The applied pressing forces are so high that the material of the receiving element is plastically deformed and conforms around the ribs to the surface of the anchoring element, thus creating a positive-locking connection, similar to the bond in concrete. This is a major advantage of this variant, as, compared to the prior art, the ribs first had to be removed and then a thread applied.In the inventive proposal, both in the embodiment of the object and in the method, the reinforcing bar with the ribs can remain as is, and an equally load-bearing result is obtained with minimal effort.

[0025] Cleverly, the anchoring element is designed to have an end anchor at its end facing away from the receiving element. This end anchor can be, for example, a plate, hook, anchor plate, or ring washer, which is welded or crimped onto the anchoring element.

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment, the steel beam has a top chord and a bottom chord, and the anchoring element preferably projects at a right angle from the bottom chord. Depending on the installation situation of the support element in the precast reinforced concrete element, any other orientation of the anchoring element relative to the steel beam is, of course, also encompassed by the invention.

[0027] Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the steel beam is designed as a profile, in particular as an I-, T-, double-T-, U-, double-U- or rectangular profile. The invention is highly variable and versatile in its choice of steel beam profile.

[0028] Advantageously, the steel beam is provided to have a longitudinal extension and the bearing area or bearing plate is provided at one end of the longitudinal extension.

[0029] Furthermore, the proposal advantageously provides that the bearing plate is welded to the steel beam, particularly to its bottom flange. This serves to center the load away from the edge in the bearing area on the supporting structure, such as a beam or bracket. This prevents force peaks on the edge of a supporting element. The bearing plate may be wider than the steel beam or its bottom flange to reduce the compressive load on the concrete.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, the support element is designed as a steel component. During the production of the precast reinforced concrete element, the steel component is inserted into the formwork and mechanically connected to the other reinforcement elements of the precast reinforced concrete element in a suitable manner.

[0031] Furthermore, the anchoring element is arranged in a connection area of ​​the steel beam, located approximately in the center of the beam. Preferably, the length of the connection area comprises approximately 10-25%, more preferably approximately 12-20%, of the length of the support element. The center of the steel beam (= central axis) is located within the connection area, which extends either symmetrically or asymmetrically around this central axis.

[0032] Furthermore, the invention also comprises a precast reinforced concrete element with a longitudinal extension, wherein at least at one longitudinal end of the precast reinforced concrete element a support element as described above is arranged, which is held in the precast reinforced concrete element by embedded anchoring elements. The advantages described at the outset for the support element proposed according to the invention also apply analogously to a precast reinforced concrete element according to the invention that is equipped with such a support element.

[0033] The arrangement is designed so that the support element projects laterally beyond the concreted area of ​​the precast reinforced concrete element, or at least the underside of the steel beam protrudes from the precast reinforced concrete element (for example, if the top side is covered with concrete) in order to support it on a supporting structure. The arrangement of the support plate ensures that, after being placed on a support beam, the actual underside of the steel beam maintains a distance from the support element and is completely embedded and covered in concrete, protected against corrosion, by being encased in concrete and by the flow of concrete underneath.

[0034] In an advantageous embodiment, the anchoring element extends into a web of the precast reinforced concrete element. Precast reinforced concrete elements according to the invention are often designed with a T-shaped cross-section. The part oriented vertically in the installed position is referred to as the web. The advantages of the invention become fully apparent in such a component. Since the end anchorage of the anchoring element is precisely positioned due to the exact positioning of the anchoring element on the steel beam of the support element, the inventive design also makes it possible to implement thin webs of prestressed simple or double-T beams. The correct positioning of the anchoring element made possible by the invention allows it to be used even in precast reinforced concrete elements with narrow prestressing strand webs.

[0035] Cleverly, the anchoring element is designed to extend only over part of the web height of the precast reinforced concrete element.

[0036] In this context, it is particularly emphasized that all features and properties described with regard to the device, i.e., the support element or the precast reinforced concrete component, as well as the procedures, are analogously transferable with regard to the formulation of the method according to the invention and can be used within the scope of the invention and are considered to be jointly disclosed. The same applies in the reverse direction, meaning that structural, i.e., device-related, features mentioned only in relation to the manufacturing process can also be considered and claimed within the scope of the device claims and are likewise part of the disclosure.

[0037] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a side view with partial sectional view of the support element according to the invention Fig. 2 a front view after Fig. 1

[0038] In the figures, identical or corresponding elements are designated with the same reference numerals and are therefore not described again unless expedient. The disclosures contained in the entire description are transferable analogously to identical parts with the same reference numerals or component designations. Furthermore, the positional designations chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refer to the directly described and illustrated figure and are to be applied analogously to the new position if the position changes. Individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive, or inventive solutions.

[0039] In Fig. Figure 1 shows the support element 1 according to the invention. In the upper area (the selected view also corresponds to the arrangement in a typical application) is the steel beam 3, which is designed as a profile and has a longitudinal extent 32. According to the invention, the cross-sectional shape of the steel beam 3 is very variable, in Fig. 1 An I-beam is known, shown, which has an upper chord 30 and a lower chord 31.

[0040] At one end of steel beam 3, here in Fig. At its left end, the steel beam 3 has a bearing area 40, over which the steel beam 3 and the precast reinforced concrete element supporting the steel beam 3 are supported on a support structure (not shown). A bearing plate 41 is welded to the underside of the steel beam 3, the bottom flange 31, within the bearing area 40. The weld is characterized as a short tack weld, designated 43. Preferably, the bearing plate 41 is welded diagonally to the bottom flange 31.

[0041] The steel beam 3 has a central axis 38, around which a connection area 39 extends on both sides. In the direction of the longitudinal extent 32 of the steel beam 3, this connection area 39 has a length of approximately 10-35% of the total length of the support element 1 or of the steel beam 3.

[0042] In the embodiment shown here, the central axis 38 coincides with the central axis 78 of the receiving element 7. In the embodiment shown here, the receiving element 7 is arranged as a sleeve together with the anchoring element 6 exactly in the middle of the steel beam 3.

[0043] In the embodiment shown here, the anchoring element 6 is designed as a reinforcing bar 62 or reinforcing steel and has a longitudinal extent described by the central axis 68.

[0044] The reinforcing bar 62 has a large number of transverse or oblique ribs 63 on its outer surface 64, which, as is common in concrete construction, result in a positive-locking bond with the concrete of the precast reinforced concrete element.

[0045] The reinforcing bar 62 extends at one end to a length 61 into the sleeve 7. The sleeve 7 is pressed onto the anchoring element 6, in this case the bar 62. The central axis 68 of the reinforcing bar 62 is aligned with the central axis 78 of the sleeve 7. This pressed-on section is in Fig. 1 is marked with section 71 and is characterized by a reduced outer diameter compared to the section of the sleeve 7 facing the steel beam 3.

[0046] The sleeve 7 is welded to the underside of the steel beam 3, here the bottom flange 31. The weld, here a circumferential fillet weld, is marked with the reference numeral 36.

[0047] The reinforcing bar 62 is only partially inserted into the sleeve 7, i.e., its insertion length 61 is less than the axial sleeve length of the sleeve 7. Therefore, a clearance 70 exists between the end face 60 (or end face) of the reinforcing bar 62, which is inserted into the sleeve 7, and the steel beam 3.

[0048] This clearance 70 improves the overall quality of the weld. Since the reinforcing bar 62 does not protrude to the steel beam 3, less heat dissipates during welding, thus minimizing the risk of impaired grouting, deformation, and consequently, misalignment. Furthermore, no grouting, i.e., no diameter reduction of the sleeve 7, occurs within the clearance 70. This particularly benefits the dimensional stability of the sleeve 70 and its end facing the steel beam 3, and facilitates the precise alignment of the sleeve 7 during the weld joint by the fillet weld 36.

[0049] For a mechanically stable press connection, it is advantageous that the pressed-on section 71 of the sleeve 7, as shown here, is shorter than the insertion length 61 of the anchoring element 6, here the reinforcing bar 62. The pressed-on section 71 extends from the end of the sleeve 7 facing away from the steel beam 3 towards the steel beam 3.

[0050] The anchoring element 6, here the reinforcing bar 62, carries an end anchorage 8 at its end facing away from the sleeve 7. This end anchorage 8 is designed, for example, as a hook, plate, anchor plate, or ring washer. The end anchorage 8 is firmly and mechanically stable attached to the reinforcing bar 62 or the anchoring element 6 in a variety of ways. Fig.Figures 1 and 2, for example, show a weld with a fillet weld 80. However, it is also possible to use a mechanical forming process to fix the end anchorage 8 to the anchoring element 6. This includes, for example, upsetting or bending the end region of the anchoring element 6. It is also possible to join the end anchorage by friction welding or flash butt welding.

[0051] The invention is not limited to one of the embodiments described above, but can be modified in many ways.

[0052] All features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including design details, spatial arrangements and process steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in various combinations. Reference symbol list 1 support element 3 steel beams 6 anchoring element 7 Mounting element / sleeve 8 End anchorage 30 Upper chord 31 Lower belt 32 Longitudinal extent 36 Weld / Fillet weld 38 Central axis 39 Connection area 40 print run 41 Support plate 43 weld seam 60 End area 61 Insertion length 62 Reinforcing bar / reinforcing steel 63 Bar with ribs / ribs 64 Surface area 68 Central axis 70 free space 71 Pressed or clamped area 78 Center axis 80 Throat seam QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 685 608 A1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Support element for a precast reinforced concrete element, which has a steel beam (3) with a support area (40) or a support plate (41) and the steel beam (3) is integrally connected to a receiving element (7) which carries an anchoring element (6) projecting from the steel beam (3), characterized by , that the receiving element (7) is pressed onto the anchoring element (6). [2] Support element according to claim 1, characterized by , that the receiving element (7) is a sleeve. [3] Support element according to claim 1, characterized by , that the receiving element (7) is welded (36) to the steel beam (3). [4] Support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that there is a free space (70) between the end surface (60) of the anchoring element (6) inserted into the receiving element (7) and the steel beam (3). [5] Support element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the pressed-on section (71) of the receiving element (7) is the same length or shorter than the insertion length (61) of the anchoring element (6) into the receiving element (7). [6] Support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the anchoring element (6) is designed as a bar (62), in particular as a reinforcing bar or as a bar with ribs (63) on the lateral surface (64). [7] Support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the anchoring element (6) has an end anchoring (8) at its end facing away from the receiving element (7). [8] Support element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the steel beam (3) has a top chord (30) and a bottom chord (31) and the anchoring element (6) preferably protrudes at right angles from the bottom chord (31). [9] Support element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the steel beam (3) is designed as profile material, in particular as I-, T-, double-T-, U-, double-U- or rectangular profile. [10] Support element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the anchoring element (6) is arranged in a connection area (39) of the steel beam (3) which is located approximately in the middle of the steel beam (3). [11] Support element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the length of the connection area (39) comprises approximately 10 to 25%, preferably approximately 12 to 20% of the length of the support element (1). [12] Precast reinforced concrete element with a longitudinal extension, wherein at least at one longitudinal end of the precast reinforced concrete element a support element according to one of the preceding claims is arranged, which is held in the precast reinforced concrete element by embedded anchoring elements (6). [13] Precast reinforced concrete element according to claim 12, characterized by, that the anchoring element (6) extends into a web of the precast reinforced concrete element. [14] Precast reinforced concrete element according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized by , that the anchoring element (6) extends only over part of the web height of the precast reinforced concrete element.

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