Solenoid coil and actuator with solenoid coil

Abstract

Magnetic coil (1) comprising a coil body (2) with a winding chamber (20) and an excitation winding (3) accommodated in the winding chamber (20), characterized in that the excitation winding (3) is wound in several layers from a square wire (30).

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION AND PRIOR ARTThe invention relates to a solenoid, for example for an actuator. The invention further relates to an electromagnet having a magnet coil and an actuator comprising an electromagnet having a magnet coil.Actuators with electromagnets are used in a large number of applications. Known electromagnets comprise a magnet coil, a magnet core, a movable armature which is arranged opposite the magnet core while leaving an air gap, and a housing made of ferromagnetic material. The magnetic coil comprises a coil body with a winding chamber and an exciter winding accommodated in the winding chamber. Energization of the exciter winding brings about a movement of the armature counter to the force of a restoring element, in particular a restoring spring, in the direction of the magnetic core.OBJECT AND SOLUTIONIt is an object of the invention to provide a solenoid coil with improved heat dissipation and a smaller material consumption. It is a further object to provide an electromagnet with a magnet coil and an actuator comprising an electromagnet with a magnet coil.According to a first aspect, a magnetic coil is provided comprising a coil body having a winding chamber and an exciter winding accommodated in the winding chamber, wherein the exciter winding is wound in a plurality of layers from a square wire.A wire with a rectangular cross section is referred to as a square wire. In advantageous embodiments, the square wire has a square cross section.The use of a square wire for the exciter winding makes it possible to improve a fill factor and thus a heat dissipation. Furthermore, the improved fill factor reduces material consumption. Depending on the design, a fill factor of up to 96% of the winding chamber can be achieved by using the square wire.In one embodiment, the winding chamber is bounded in a longitudinal direction of the coil body by two flanges, wherein a height of the winding chamber between the flanges is an integral multiple of an edge length of the square wire in the longitudinal direction. Individual turns of a layer bear directly against one another, so that air gaps between two turns and between outer turns and the flanges are avoided.Alternatively or additionally, a width of the winding chamber in a radial direction of the coil body B=(n+k)*L is 0<k<1, wherein n is the number of layers and L is the edge length of the square wire perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein in particular 0<k<0.5, wherein furthermore in particular the width is an integer multiple of an edge length of the square wire perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Individual layers are in this case in direct contact with one another, so that air gaps between two layers and between an outer layer and a housing and / or, if present, a plastic layer surrounding the magnet coil are minimized. For technical reasons, a protrusion of the width cannot be avoided in embodiments, wherein the protrusion is less than the edge length of the square wire perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.In embodiments, a winding takes place in such a way that a layer discontinuity between two layers of the field winding is at most 25% of the circumference of a winding. A layer jump which is at most 25% of the circumference of a winding can be achieved, inter alia, by a suitable wire draw, i.e. a tensile stress during winding of the wire, a suitable wire guide and suitable winding parameters.According to a second aspect, an electromagnet with a magnet coil comprising an exciter winding with a square wire is provided.According to a third aspect, an electric motor is provided comprising an electromagnet with a magnet coil comprising an exciter winding with a square wire.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFurther advantages and aspects of the invention are evident, apart from from the claims, also from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are explained on the basis of the figures. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a magnet coil comprising a coil body and an exciter winding wound thereon; and. FIG. 2 shows a perspective sectional illustration of an exciter winding having two layers.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTSFIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a magnet coil 1 comprising a coil body 2 and an exciter winding 3 wound thereon.The coil body 2 has a winding chamber 20 which is bounded in the longitudinal direction L by two flanges 21. A distance of the flanges 21 is referred to as a height H of the winding chamber 20. An extension of the winding chamber 20 in the radial direction of the coil body 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L is referred to as width B.The field winding 3 is wound in several layers of a square wire 30 that abut each other in the direction of the width B.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the square wire has a square cross section with an edge length L.The height H is an integral multiple of the edge length L, so that individual turns of a layer without an air gap are arranged adjacent to one another between the flanges 21.The width B is likewise selected in accordance with the edge length L, so that individual layers without an air gap are arranged adjacent to one another in the winding chamber 20. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the width B of the winding chamber has a protrusion k*L compared to a product of a number n of the layers of the field winding 3 (n=8 layers in the exemplary embodiment shown) and the edge length L, where 0<k<1.The winding takes place in such a way that a layer jump, i.e. a transition from one layer to the next layer, requires a maximum of 25% of the circumference of a winding.FIG. 2 shows schematically a perspective sectional illustration of an exciter winding 3 made of a square wire 30 with two layers and a layer discontinuity φ of 25% of the circumference of the windingBy using the square wire, the geometry of the winding chamber adapted to the dimension of the square wire and the layer jump which requires at most 25% of the circumference of a winding, a magnet coil with an increased fill factor of up to approximately 96% of the winding chamber 20 is created.The magnetic coil 1 can be used advantageously in particular in electromagnets for actuators.

Claims

Magnet coil (1) comprising a coil body (2) with a winding chamber (20) and an exciter winding (3) accommodated in the winding chamber (20), characterized in that the exciter winding (3) is wound in a plurality of layers from a square wire (30).Magnet coil according to claim 1, characterised in that the square wire has a square cross-section.Magnet coil according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the winding chamber (20) is bounded in a longitudinal direction of the coil former (2) by two flanges (21), wherein a height (H) of the winding chamber (20) between the flanges (20) is an integral multiple of an edge length of the square wire (30) in the longitudinal direction.Magnet coil according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a width (B) of the winding chamber (20) in a radial direction of the coil former (20) B=(n+k)*L where 0<k<1, where n is the number of layers and L is the edge length of the square wire (30) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, where in particular 0<k<0.5, where furthermore in particular the width (B) is an integer multiple of an edge length of the square wire (30) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.Magnet coil according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a layer discontinuity between two layers of the exciter winding (3) is at most 25% of the circumference of a winding.Electromagnet having a magnet coil (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5.Actuator comprising an electromagnet with a magnetic coil (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5.

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