Translatably movable formwork device for underground laying of cables or pipelines

Abstract

Translatably movable formwork device (1) for the construction and backfilling of cable trenches or pipeline trenches (G) with a structural body (2) having a chassis or a sliding mechanism (20), which is translatably movable by means of a thrust device or by means of a towing vehicle, wherein the structural body (2) is provided with a dozer blade device (3) with at least one central dozer blade (30), which has at least one lower dozer edge (31) under which a production gap (32) is formed, and wherein in front of the central dozer blade (30) a receiving space (10) which is at least partially open at the bottom is provided for receiving a first material (M1) to be distributed on the subsoil (U) by the formwork device (1), characterized in that the receiving space (10) is bounded on its longitudinal sides by a left side wall (12) and a right side wall (14),which are arranged on the structural body (2) at a lateral distance (a) from each other which essentially corresponds to the width (b) of the manufacturing gap (32).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a formwork device that can be moved translationally for the production and backfilling of cable trenches or pipeline trenches according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] When laying cables and pipelines underground, after excavating a trench with sloping banks, a trench base is typically created as a level surface for the cables or pipelines to be laid. This trench base, also known as the subgrade, is formed by placing a suitable fill material, such as gravel or cable sand, into the excavated trench and leveling it. This trench base forms a cable or pipe bedding layer, or a cable or pipe bedding layer made of a suitable material is applied to the trench base. The cables or pipelines are then laid on or within this bedding layer. Afterward, additional material is placed around and on top of the cables or pipelines in the trench so that they are completely surrounded by the material. Finally, the trench is backfilled with soil.The underground installation of cables, for example electrical power cables or communication transmission cables, and pipelines requires precise documentation of the location, route and installation depth of the cables and pipelines.

[0003] Furthermore, when laying electrical underground cables, especially cables for the transmission of direct current, it must be taken into account that the cables heat up when high electrical currents are transmitted and that this heating must not lead to damage to the cable or to an impairment of the electrical conductivity properties.

[0004] German patent DE 10 2010 021 335 A1 discloses a method for laying an underground pipeline, wherein at least one of the steps of excavating the trench, constructing a trench base, or constructing a pipe bedding is carried out using coordinate control, for example, satellite-based GPS data. A pipe bedding device attached to an excavator by means of an excavator attachment and moved translationally by the excavator is controlled in terms of height, alignment, and / or inclination using GPS data. The excavator attachment or the pipe bedding device is equipped with a GPS sensor to acquire the GPS data.

[0005] DE 10 2006 045 571 B4 discloses and describes a device for at least partially backfilling a trench containing at least one pipe element, wherein the device is movable along the pipe element by means of a sliding surface resting on the pipe element and has a reservoir for backfill material that is introduced into the trench laterally next to the pipe element. Smoothing elements attached to the device smooth and compact the surface of the backfill material introduced laterally next to the pipe element.

[0006] From EP 0 579 112 B1, a road paver is known which is equipped with a laterally extendable screed, laterally spaced outer flanges, and a height-adjustable scraper extending transversely between the outer flanges. The outer flanges and the scraper form a slipform intended for closing a road ditch or constructing a shoulder. The distance between the outer flanges, and thus the width of the slipform, is hydraulically adjustable.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved formwork device for the production and backfilling of cable trenches or pipeline trenches and for the underground laying of cables or pipelines.

[0008] The part of the problem relating to the formwork device is solved by a formwork device having the features of claim 1.

[0009] A formwork device for the production and backfilling of cable trenches or pipeline trenches, comprising a structural body with a chassis or sliding mechanism, which is translationally movable by means of a thrust device or a towing vehicle, preferably in a forward direction, wherein the structural body is provided with a dozer blade device with at least one, preferably vertically movable, central dozer blade which has at least one lower leveling edge under which a production gap is formed, and wherein a receiving space, open at least partially, for example in front of the production gap, is provided in front of the central dozer blade for receiving a first material to be distributed by the formwork device on the ground through the production gap, is characterized by the following:The receiving space is bounded on its longitudinal sides by a left side wall and a right side wall, which are arranged on the structural body at a lateral distance from each other – in the transverse direction with respect to the forward direction of travel – that corresponds to the width of the manufacturing gap and thus essentially to the width of the central leveling blade. Because the leveling blade assembly has or is formed by at least one central, preferably height-adjustable, leveling blade, both a central trench bottom and a cover layer above the cable or pipeline can be produced, preferably with a planar extent.

[0010] The lower leveling edge of the central leveling blade defines the height of the production gap below the leveling blade assembly and thus the vertical thickness of a layer of material applied to a substrate by the translationally movable formwork device. This layer consists of a first material stored in the receiving chamber. This first material is a specially processed building material, for example, a flowable building material such as liquid soil, which, due to its special processing and especially its thermal conductivity properties, is more expensive than commonly available bulk building materials on construction sites, such as gravel, crushed stone, sand, or untreated soil.The lateral formwork boundary formed by the two side walls of the receiving chamber ensures that the layer of material applied to the ground has a substantially rectangular cross-section corresponding to the area of ​​the production gap. This allows the lateral edges of the trench to be filled with a different, more cost-effective material than the expensive first material used to create the layer applied to the ground. With conventional, translationally movable formwork systems that lack lateral formwork boundaries, the layer of expensive first material applied to the ground extends across the entire width of the trench bottom, reaching the lateral slope walls and thus into areas not required for embedding cables or pipes.The device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to save on expensive initial building material and thus to work more cost-effectively and in a more resource-efficient manner. The formwork device according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.

[0011] The formwork device can be designed to be width-adjustable, with the central leveling blade of the leveling blade assembly preferably being replaceable. This allows the formwork device to be easily adapted to different width requirements of a cable or pipeline trench to be constructed simply by replacing the central leveling blade.

[0012] Further preferred and advantageous design features of the formwork device according to the invention are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 7.

[0013] Preferably, in addition to the central dozer blade, the dozer blade assembly is equipped with at least one left-hand and / or one right-hand dozer blade, each extending laterally outwards from the central dozer blade in a transverse direction, i.e., essentially perpendicular to the forward direction of travel, and each also having a lower grading edge. This allows the areas on the central trench bottom that adjoin the layer of material made of the more expensive primary material applied centrally to the subsoil and extend to the sloping banks of the trench to be finished to a predetermined height, for example, to the height of the layer of material made of the more expensive primary material applied centrally to the subsoil. Laterally sloping banks adjoining a central trench bottom can also be created using the side dozer blades.The side dozer blades are also preferably designed to be vertically movable like the central dozer blade and thus height-adjustable, in particular to be vertically movable together with the central dozer blade.

[0014] It is advantageous if the formwork device is equipped with a drive unit for the dozer blade assembly, designed to move at least the central dozer blade vertically. This allows the height of the production gap to be adjusted even while the device is in operation.

[0015] Preferably, the left and / or right side blades of the dozer blade assembly are interchangeable. This interchangeability allows the formwork system to be adapted to different trench widths and profiles, particularly different slope angles.

[0016] It is particularly advantageous if a navigation device is provided which is designed to determine the actual position of the dozer blade assembly or individual dozer blades in space, at least with respect to a vertical spatial axis, based on navigation signals, and if a control device is provided which is designed to supply the drive device for the dozer blade assembly with control commands depending on the determined actual position and a predetermined target position of the dozer blade assembly or individual dozer blades.

[0017] Knowing the elevation of the upper surface of the subsoil, for example the top edge of at least one cable or at least one pipeline or the upper surface of the trench bottom, the thickness of a layer of material applied to it can be calculated by determining the actual vertical position of the lower leveling edge.

[0018] Determining the position of the dozer blade device or the dozer blade in question in space with respect to the vertical spatial axis by means of the navigation device enables the precise determination of the absolute height of the lower leveling edge and thus, if the absolute height of the upper surface of the substrate on which the formwork device moves is known, also the precise determination of the actual layer thickness of a layer applied to the substrate.

[0019] Such a precise determination of the actual layer thickness enables the exact adherence to a specified target layer thickness and thus also to the adherence to specified physical properties of the applied layer, such as a specified heat capacity of the first material surrounding the cable or pipe. This ensures a reliable dissipation of heat energy generated in an electrical cable into the surrounding soil in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0020] It is advantageous if the control device is designed to adjust the dozer blade assembly or individual dozer blades to a predetermined target position by means of the drive device, based on predefined target position data for the dozer blade assembly or for individual dozer blades and their actual position data determined by the navigation device. This enables automatic control of the formwork system, ensuring that the actual layer thickness of a material layer applied to a substrate always corresponds to a predefined target layer thickness. Such control makes it possible, in particular, to keep the actual layer thickness constant during a translational movement, i.e., a process, of the formwork system, or even to adapt it to local requirements.It is particularly advantageous if the control device is designed in such a way that the adjustment of the dozer blade assembly to the predetermined target position is essentially continuous. This avoids abrupt changes in layer thickness during a translational movement of the formwork device.

[0021] Preferably, the navigation device is designed to additionally determine the actual position of the dozer blade or formwork device in a horizontal plane. This feature makes it possible to relate an absolute height of the lower grading edge, determined in the vertical direction, to the horizontal coordinates of the formwork device. Thus, by repeatedly determining the absolute height and the horizontal coordinates during a translational movement of the formwork device, a spatial profile of the top surface of an applied material layer can be obtained. Given the known vertical position of the substrate, this profile represents the thickness of the applied material layer.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, which can be combined with other embodiments, the navigation device is designed to simultaneously store the determined position data of the vertical actual position of the dozer blade device or the determined layer thickness of a material layer applied to a substrate by the formwork device, along with the determined position data of the horizontal actual position of the dozer blade device, in an internal or external data storage device. This documents the progression of the actual position of the dozer blade device and thus the thickness of a material layer applied to a substrate during a translational movement of the formwork device. It is advantageous if the navigation device is designed such that the position data is stored in the data storage device at regular intervals or continuously.

[0023] A particularly preferred formwork device according to the invention is one that is translationally movable, in which the navigation device is designed as a satellite navigation device that uses signals transmitted by satellites for position determination. The navigation device is preferably a satellite navigation device with a navigation receiver provided on the vertically movable dozer blade assembly, which receives navigation signals from a navigation satellite system, for example, GPS, GALILEO, BEIDOU, and / or GLONASS. A computer in the satellite navigation device determines the actual position of the navigation receiver provided on the dozer blade assembly, from which the actual position of the dozer blade assembly, in particular its lower grading edge, is then determined. Of course, a local, terrestrial navigation system can also be used instead of a satellite navigation system.

[0024] Preferably, a compaction device is provided behind the dozer blade at a short distance, preferably no more than two meters, and more preferably no more than one meter, in the opposite direction of travel. This compaction device is connected, or connectable, to the structural body in a tensile-resistant but vibration-isolated manner. This compaction device compacts the at least one layer of material applied to the substrate by the translationally movable formwork device to a predetermined density.

[0025] It is particularly advantageous if the compaction device is designed to be heated, at least in part, on its underside facing the material layer applied to the substrate. This ensures that the material layer applied to the substrate, especially if it consists of or is made of a flowable building material such as liquid soil, crusts over on its surface through thermal action or at least hardens more quickly, thus rapidly giving the compacted material layer applied to the substrate dimensional stability.

[0026] It is also advantageous if the formwork system, in the forward direction of travel, has a loosening device for the material stored in the receiving area in front of the dozer blade assembly, particularly in front of the central dozer blade. Such a loosening device, which may include, for example, a knife roller, a chopping device, or a screw conveyor, ensures that the material entering the production gap is free-flowing and that no lumps or other material agglomerations enter the production gap that would impair or even prevent the formation of a uniform, homogeneous material layer behind the production gap.

[0027] Preferably, the leveling blade assembly, in particular the central leveling blade, can be equipped with at least one template projecting beyond the lower leveling edge, having a convex, for example, semicircular, lower edge. A convex portion of the template projecting downwards beyond the lower leveling edge, forming a semicircle, has a diameter of no more than 180° and preferably a diameter adapted to the diameter of the cable or pipe to be laid. This template forms a longitudinal groove in the surface of the material layer applied to the substrate, which, for example, serves as a guide for inserting the cable or pipe. The leveling blade assembly, in particular the central leveling blade, is designed such that the at least one template can be positioned arbitrarily along the width of the leveling blade.Thus, when several cables or pipes are to be laid side by side at a predetermined lateral distance, this distance can be preset by appropriately arranging and fixing suitable templates on the central leveling blade. To form longitudinal grooves on the surface of the material layer applied to the substrate, the compaction device can – alternatively or additionally – be equipped with downward-facing groove components. These groove components can also advantageously be designed to be heated.

[0028] The part of the problem relating to the method is solved by a method for laying cables or pipelines underground using a formwork device that can be moved translationally along a travel path according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: a) Excavating a trench with slope walls inclined at an angle of repose and forming a sub-bed with a trench bottom; b) Forming a cable or pipe bedding on the trench bottom with a first material in a central area of ​​the trench above the trench bottom; c) Laying at least one cable or at least one pipe on the cable or pipe bedding; d) Place the first material in a central area of ​​the trench above the cable or pipe bedding, laterally next to the at least one cable or pipe to form a lateral bed of bedding, and cover the at least one cable or pipe and the lateral bed to form an upper covering of the bedding in the central area of ​​the trench with the first material, and preferably e) Backfilling the trench above the upper cover with the second material or another material as a surface layer (O) is characterized by the fact that, in a single operation with step b), the lower lateral areas between the central cable or pipe bedding and the inclined slope walls are backfilled with a second material using the formwork device and / or that, in a single operation with step d), the upper lateral areas between the lateral bed and the inclined slope walls as well as between the upper cover and the inclined slope walls are backfilled with the second material using the formwork device.

[0029] In a central section of a trench, a central bedding layer for cables or pipes is created from a first material, while in the same operation, essentially simultaneously, a backfill of a second material is carried out in the outer edge areas of the trench, laterally adjacent to the central bedding layer. The width of the production gap and the lateral distance of the formwork's side walls determine the width of the central bedding layer.

[0030] With this method according to the invention, the advantages of a more cost-effective underground laying of cables or pipes already mentioned above are achieved, since the more expensive material used for embedding the cables or pipes is only used where absolutely necessary, and since the edge areas are filled with the more cost-effective second material in one operation, i.e., essentially simultaneously.

[0031] Further preferred and advantageous features of the method according to the invention are the subject of dependent claims 9 to 15.

[0032] It is particularly advantageous if the first material has a higher specific density than the second material. This results in a particularly firm embedding.

[0033] It is also advantageous if the first material has a better thermal conductivity than the second material. This allows heat generated in the cable or pipe to be dissipated more quickly into the ground.

[0034] A flowable building material, preferably in the form of liquid soil, or a material containing such a flowable building material, is particularly preferred as the first material used. This results in a particularly seamless and thermally effective embedding of the cable or pipe.

[0035] Preferably, the second material consists of or comprises sand, gravel, crushed stone, and / or untreated soil. This second material is therefore readily available at low cost and, as a particularly free-flowing building material, can be used in the perimeter areas.

[0036] A particularly advantageous variant of the method involves forming at least one longitudinal groove in the upper surface of the cable or pipe bedding during step b) to accommodate a cable or pipe. This longitudinal groove not only guides the cable or pipe during installation, thereby accelerating the process, but also provides a cross-sectional shape in the lower receiving area that is adapted to the circumference of the cable or pipe.

[0037] It is particularly advantageous if, after step b), the first material of the cable or pipe bedding (B2) is compacted and / or if, after step d), the first material of the lateral bed and the top cover is compacted. Such compaction solidifies the material layers and, in particular, improves the heat transfer from the cable or pipe into the compacted material of the first building material and the heat conduction occurring therein.

[0038] Preferred embodiments of the invention with additional design details and further advantages are described and explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] It shows: Fig. 1 a top view of a formwork device according to the invention which can be moved translationally in the direction of arrow A; Fig. 2 a front view of the formwork device made of Fig. 1 in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1 considered; Fig. 3 a side view of the formwork device Fig. 1 in the direction of arrow III in Fig. 1 considered; Fig. 4 a front view of the formwork device according to Fig. 2 in a trench shown in cross-section; Fig. 5 a trench produced with a translationally movable formwork device according to the invention, containing pipes and cables laid in it, and Fig. 6 the trench out Fig. 5 with a covering layer applied to the pipelines by means of a formwork device according to the invention.

[0040] In Fig. 1 to Fig. Figure 3 shows a formwork device 1 according to the invention in three views. Fig. 1 A top view of the formwork device 1, which is movable translationally in the direction of arrow A (forward direction of travel) along a travel path W in its longitudinal direction x, Fig. 2 a front view of the formwork device 1 opposite the forward direction of travel and Fig. 3 a side view of the right side of the formwork device 1 with respect to the forward direction of travel.

[0041] The formwork device 1 essentially comprises a structural body 2 and a dozer blade device 3 mechanically connected to it. In the illustrated example, the structural body 2 has a chassis or sliding mechanism 20 with a left structural beam 2' forming a left sliding skid 21 and a right structural beam 2" forming a right sliding skid 22, by means of which the formwork device 1 stands on a substrate U and can be moved slidingly on it.

[0042] Instead of a sliding mechanism, a chassis can also be provided in a self-propelled variant of the translationally movable formwork device 1, wherein the structural beams 2', 2" then accommodate and support wheels that move the formwork device directly or via crawler tracks.

[0043] A front cross member 24 connects the two skids 21, 22 and forms a drawbar with a force transmission device 23, to which, for example, a drawbar, cable, or chain is articulated as a force transmission element 25. This element can be coupled to, or is coupled to, a towing vehicle (not shown), allowing the formwork device to be moved translationally by the towing vehicle in the direction of arrow A. Alternatively, the formwork device can also be equipped with its own propulsion system and thus be self-propelled. For static reasons, a rear cross member 27 connecting the two skids 21, 22 can preferably be provided in the region of their rear ends 21', 22'.

[0044] At the rear ends 21', 22' of the skids 21, 22, a compaction device 26 is coupled to the sliding mechanism 20 by means of connecting chains 21", 22". The compaction device 26 has a compaction beam 26' which is equipped with a vibrating device 28 that generates vertical vibrations in the compaction beam 26'. During a translational movement of the formwork device 1 in the forward direction of travel A, the compaction device 26 is dragged behind it and compacts a layer of material M' with the vertically vibrating mass of the compaction beam 26'. This layer of material is applied to the substrate U by the formwork device 1 and over which the compaction beam 26' slides. If the compressor beam 26' is designed to be heated on its underside, the heat energy transferred from there to the material layer M' can cause rapid hardening or even crusting of the upper surface of the material layer M'.

[0045] In the rear area of ​​the sliding mechanism 20, i.e., opposite to the forward direction of travel and spaced apart from the front cross member 24, the dozer blade assembly 3 is provided between the skids 21 and 22. In the example shown, the vertically movable dozer blade assembly 3 has a central dozer blade 30 with a lower grading edge 31, which extends between two vertically acting adjustment drives 50, 52 of a drive unit 5. In addition to the central dozer blade 30, the dozer blade assembly 3 shown also has (only in Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 4 shows lateral dozer blades 34, 36, which extend laterally beyond the skids 21, 22 and are also vertically movable. Their respective lower grading edge 35, 37 runs horizontally, and an outer edge 35', 37' of such lateral dozer blades 34, 36 adjoining it can be inclined with respect to the horizontal, as shown in the example, so that, for example, embankments can be formed.

[0046] In the illustrated example, the linear actuators forming the adjustment drives 50, 52 are each formed by a hydraulically actuated piston-cylinder unit, whose respective hydraulic cylinders 51, 53 are mounted vertically on the associated skid 20, 22. A piston is vertically movable within each hydraulic cylinder 51, 53, and this piston forms part of a respective drive ram 54, 55 that projects upwards from the hydraulic cylinder 51, 53 and is movable in the vertical direction. Of course, the adjustment drives 50, 52 can alternatively be formed by other linear actuators, such as rack and pinion drives or spindle drives. The respective drive ram 54, 55 is connected to the upper area of ​​the central dozer blade 30 by a traction element 56, 57, for example, a pull rod, a pull cable, or a pull chain.The central dozer blade 30 is vertically guided by its lateral edges in vertically extending rails 58, 59, which are provided on the respective outer sides of the hydraulic cylinders 51, 53 facing each other. Alternatively, the central dozer blade 30 can also be connected or connectable to a sleeve that, for example, surrounds the respective hydraulic cylinder and is vertically movable by means of the drive ram.

[0047] When hydraulic fluid is introduced into the respective hydraulic cylinders 51, 53 under overpressure, the respective drive ram 54, 55 moves upwards and, via the traction elements 56, 57, pulls the central dozer blade 30 upwards with it. When the hydraulic fluid is released again, the drive rams 54, 55 and with them the central dozer blade 30 lower again under their own weight. The double arrow V in Fig. Figure 2 symbolizes the vertical adjustability of the dozer blade assembly 3, formed by the dozer blade in the example shown, in the z direction. In this way, the vertical position of the dozer blade 30, specifically from its lower edge, the lower grading edge 31, is adjustable. The vertical height position H K The lower leveling edge 31, together with the upper surface U' of the subsoil U, determines the height h. s a manufacturing gap 32 extending transversely between the skids 21, 22, the width b of which essentially corresponds to the width of the central dozer blade 30.

[0048] Between the front cross member 24 and the leveling blade device 3 there is a receiving space 10 open at the bottom for material M to be distributed on the substrate U by the formwork device 1 ( Fig. 3) formed. Essentially vertical side walls 12, 14, mounted on the skids 21, 22, delimit the receiving space 10 along its longitudinal sides. When the formwork device 1 is moved translationally in the forward direction A, the material M is distributed by the formwork device 1 along its travel path, and the leveling edge 31 smooths the formed material layer M' to the height h. s of the manufacturing gap 32 off.

[0049] In receiving chamber 10, a loosening device 8 for the material M stored in receiving chamber 10 is arranged in the forward direction of travel A in front of the central dozer blade 30. The in Fig. The loosening device 8, shown only schematically, has, for example, at least one rotaryally driven cutting shaft on which radially projecting knives or hooks are arranged, extending vertically to the front of the production gap 32. The material M, present in the receiving chamber 10 as bulk material or as a viscous or thixotropic liquid, is loosened and fluidized by the knives or hooks of the cutting shaft, whereby material lumps and other material clumps are broken up and the material M is made free-flowing or liquid, so that it passes through the production gap 32 essentially uniformly and homogeneously. For the sake of clarity, the loosening device 8 is shown in Fig. 2 not shown.

[0050] The central leveling blade 30 is provided on its front side with a rail assembly 38 extending in the transverse direction y, which, in the example shown, carries two templates 39 extending essentially in the vertical direction z. These templates are slidable along the rail assembly 38 in the transverse direction y. Each template 39 has a convexly rounded, in the example shown semicircular, lower edge 39', which projects downwards beyond the leveling edge 31 and forms longitudinal grooves M into the surface of the material layer M' when it is produced. A cable or pipe can later be inserted into such a longitudinal groove M''. The rail assembly 38 makes it possible, as required, to arrange and fix one, two, or more than two templates 39 along the width of the production gap 32 as needed.

[0051] The compaction beam 26' can also be provided on its underside with one or more downwardly convex channel sections 26" extending in the forward direction of travel A, whose cross-section corresponds to the downwardly projecting portion of the respective template 39 beyond the leveling edge 31 and which are arranged in the transverse direction y at the same position as the templates 39. This ensures that the longitudinal channels M'' formed by the templates 39 are compacted accordingly, retaining their shape without losing their form. The channel sections 26" can also be heated.

[0052] The formwork device 1 is equipped with a navigation device 6, which is shown only schematically in the figures and which includes a navigation receiver 60 designed to process navigation signals for position determination. To receive such wirelessly transmitted navigation signals, the first receiving antenna 62 of the navigation receiver 60 is mounted on the dozer blade 30 and connected to the navigation receiver 60 via a first antenna cable 64 or wirelessly for the transmission of the received navigation signals. In the example shown, the navigation device 6 is designed in a manner known per se as a satellite navigation device, which receives navigation signals transmitted by satellites, for example GPS, GALILEO, BEIDOU and / or GLANOSS signals, and thereby determines the spatial coordinates of the position of the receiving antenna in the navigation space and thus also the altitude H. Pthe receiving antenna 62 is determined. Knowing the position of the receiving antenna 62 on the dozer blade 30 and thus the vertical distance c of the receiving antenna 62 to the lower edge of the dozer blade 31, the navigation device 6 calculates the absolute altitude position H. K the lower leveling edge 31.

[0053] The spatial coordinates of the subsoil U below the leveling edge 31 are either known and available as database data, or they are determined in the same way using the navigation receiver 60, which is additionally connected wirelessly or via a second antenna cable 68 to a second receiving antenna 66, for example, located on the sliding mechanism 20. With the spatial coordinates of the subsoil U and the elevation position H KThe absolute vertical height hs of the production gap 32 can be precisely determined using the leveling edge 31. This determination is carried out at predetermined intervals, preferably continuously, during the movement of the formwork device 1, so that the course of the vertical height hs of the production gap 32, and thus the course of the vertically measured thickness D, is recorded. M The material layer M' applied to the substrate U by the formwork device 1 can be stored and thus precisely documented by storing the relevant data in a data storage device 7.

[0054] The formwork device 1 is further equipped with a control device 4, which is designed to supply the drive device 5 with control commands, which in Fig. 1 is schematically represented by the control line 40.

[0055] The control unit 4 receives the actual height hs of the production gap 32 from the navigation unit and controls the drive unit 5 for the leveling blade 30 such that the actual height hs corresponds to a target height of the production gap in order to achieve the specified thickness D M to obtain the material layer M'.

[0056] Fig. Figure 5 shows the formwork device 1 standing in a trench G on a flat trench bottom S in the view of the Fig. 2. The forward direction of travel A is directed outwards from the plane of the drawing. In the receiving area 10, in front of the central dozer blade 30 and between the side walls 12, 14, a supply of a high-quality first material M1 is received, from which the material layer M' for the embedding B for cables or pipes R1, R2 to be laid is formed, as described below. On the outer side of each of the side walls 12, 14, facing away from the receiving area 10, a respective lateral receiving area 13, 15 is formed in front of the respective lateral dozer blade 34, 36 between the respective side wall 12, 14 and an adjacent embankment wall S1, S2. A supply of a second material M2 is received in the lateral receiving areas 13, 15.

[0057] Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows two phases of a method for laying cables or pipelines underground in trench G using a formwork device 1 that can be moved translationally along a travel path W.

[0058] After excavating a rough construction trench G R A sub-bed B1 with an upper trench bottom S is created by leveling and compacting the soil or sand or gravel brought into the trench, the leveled surface of which forms the subsoil U for cables or pipes to be laid later.

[0059] Subsequently, a central cable or pipe bedding B2 is formed on the trench bottom S by means of a formwork device according to the invention, for example the one in conjunction with the Fig. In the formwork device 1 described in sections 1 to 3, a layer of the first material M1, specially prepared for the intended use and preferably a flowable construction material, for example, a liquid soil layer, is applied to the trench bottom S. During the production of the central cable or pipe bedding B2, the lateral areas L1, L2 between the central cable or pipe bedding B2 and the inclined slope walls S1, S2 are also filled with the second, more cost-effective material M2 in a single operation. The vertical thickness D1 of the central cable or pipe bedding B2 up to the lower edge of the cable or pipe is controlled to a predetermined layer thickness along the travel path W of the formwork device 1, based on navigation signals, by means of the vertically adjustable dozer blade device 3 and the associated control device 4.If necessary, this cable or pipe bedding B2 is already provided on its upper side with the longitudinal grooves M'' for receiving the cables K1, K2 or pipes R1, R2.

[0060] On this cable or pipe bedding B2, (in the example shown two) pipes R1, R2 are laid, into each of which a high-voltage cable K1, K2 is pulled. Fig. Figure 5 shows the cross-sectional state of trench G at the end of this first phase. Pipelines R1 and R2 have sunk slightly into the layer of the first material or lie in the pre-formed longitudinal channels M'' and are thus in close, full-surface contact with the first material in their lower section. Although cables K1 and K2 can be laid directly in the bedding B, the figures show a variant in which cables K1 and K2 run inside pipes R1 and R2.

[0061] In a next step, a formwork device according to the invention, for example the one in conjunction with the Fig. In the formwork device 1 described in sections 1 to 3, the first material M1, preferably a flowable construction material, for example, liquid soil, is introduced laterally alongside the pipelines R1, R2 in the central area G1 of the trench G to form a lateral bed B3 of the bedding B. In the same operation, i.e., essentially simultaneously, the lateral areas L3, L4, between the lateral bed B3 and the inclined slope walls S1, S2 are filled with the second material M2. Afterwards, or simultaneously, the pipelines R1, R2 and the lateral bed B3 are covered with a covering B4 of the first material ( Fig. 5) Here too, in a single operation, essentially simultaneously, the upper lateral areas L5, L6 between the upper cover B4 and the inclined embankment walls S1, S2 are filled with the second material M2. When applying the cover B4, the vertical thickness D2 of the cover B4 above the pipeline R1, R2 (detail C) is set to a target thickness along the travel path W of the formwork device 1 based on the navigation signals, by adjusting the leveling edge 31 of the leveling blade device 3 to a respective locally predetermined height position H. K is controlled.

[0062] Pipelines R1 and R2 are closed after completion of the second phase ( Fig.5) also in their lateral and upper areas and thus on their entire circumference in full-surface close contact with the first material M1, for example the flowable building material, thereby enabling optimal contact heat transfer between the respective pipeline R1, R2 and the first material M1 surrounding it.

[0063] In a final step, the remaining trench G above the upper cover B4 is filled with the second material M2 or another material to form a surface layer O.

[0064] Reference numerals in the claims, description and drawings serve only to improve understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection. Reference symbol list

[0065] It refers to: 1 formwork device 2 structural bodies 2' left structural beam 2" right structural frame 3 Dozer blade device 4 Control unit 5 Drive unit 6 Navigation system 7 Data storage setup 8 Relaxation facility 10 central reception room 12 left side wall 13 left side recording space 14 right side wall 15 right side recording room 20 sliding mechanism 21 left skid 21' rear end of the left skid 21" connecting chain 22 right skid 22' rear end of the right skid 22" connecting chain 23 Traction force introduction device 24 Crossbar 25 Tensile force transmission element 26 Compressor device 26' compressor beam 26" gutter fitting 27 rear cross member 28 Vibration device 30 central dozer blade 31 lower leveling edge of 30 32 manufacturing gap 34 left dozer blade 35 lower leveling edge of 34 35' outer edge of 34 36 right bulldozer blade 37 lower leveling edge of 36 37' outer edge of 36 38 Rail system 39 Template 39' convex lower edge of 39 50 Adjustment drive 51 hydraulic cylinders 52 Adjustment drive 53 hydraulic cylinders 54 drive pins 55 drive stamps 56 Tensile force element 57 Tensile force element 58 rail 59 rail 60 navigation receivers 62 first receiving antenna 64 first antenna cable 66 second receiving antenna 68 second antenna cable a lateral distance between 12 and 14 b Width of 30 c vertical distance between 31 and 62 hs Height of the manufacturing gap x Longitudinal direction y transverse direction z vertical direction B Embedding B1 Underbed B2 Cable or pipe bedding B3 lateral bed B4 Coverage D1 vertical thickness of the cable or pipe bedding D2 vertical thickness of the covering D M Material layer thickness G Trench G R Construction trench H P Height position of the receiving antenna on the dozer blade device H K Elevation position of the leveling edge M Material M' Material layer M'' longitudinal groove R1 pipeline R2 pipeline S Trench bottom S1 embankment wall of G S2 embankment wall of G Underground U' upper surface of the substrate V vertical mobility W travel distance X spatial axis Y spatial axis Z spatial axis α angle of repose QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2010 021 335 A1

[0004] DE 10 2006 045 571 B4

[0005] EP 0 579 112 B1

[0006]

Claims

[1] Translatably movable formwork device (1) for the construction and backfilling of cable trenches or pipeline trenches (G) with a structural body (2) having a chassis or a sliding mechanism (20) which is translatably movable by means of a jacking device or by means of a towing vehicle, wherein the structural body (2) is provided with a dozer blade device (3) with at least one central dozer blade (30) which has at least one lower dozer edge (31) under which a production gap (32) is formed, and wherein in front of the central dozer blade (30) a receiving space (10) which is at least partially open at the bottom is provided for receiving a first material (M1) to be distributed on the subsoil (U) by the formwork device (1), characterized by, that the receiving space (10) is bounded on its long sides by a left side wall (12) and a right side wall (14) which are arranged on the structural body (2) at a lateral distance (a) from each other which essentially corresponds to the width (b) of the manufacturing gap (32). [2] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 1, characterized by , that the leveling blade (30) is provided with at least one template (39) projecting downwards beyond the lower leveling edge (31) and having a convex lower edge (39'). [3] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 2, characterized by , that a convex part of the template (39) projecting downwards beyond the lower leveling edge (31) shall not exceed 180° as a partial circle. [4] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, that the dozer blade device (3) is designed such that at least one template (39) can be arranged and fixed arbitrarily along the width of the dozer blade (30). [5] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 4, characterized by , that the central leveling blade (30) is provided on its front side with a rail device (38) extending in the transverse direction (y) which supports the at least one template (39) in a sliding manner in the transverse direction y. [6] Translatatively movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a compaction device (26) is provided behind the dozer blade device (3) in the opposite direction of travel, which is connected or connectable to the structural body (2) in a tensile-resistant but vibration-isolated manner and which is equipped with at least one downward-facing trough-shaped part (26") extending in the forward direction of travel (A). [7] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 6, characterized by , that at least one trough form part (26") in cross-section corresponds to the part of the respective template (39) projecting downwards over the leveling edge (31) and is arranged in the transverse direction (y) at the same position as the associated template (39). [8] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by , that at least one trough component (26") is designed to be heated. [9] Translatatively movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the formwork device (1) is self-propelled and has a chassis, wherein the structural beams (2', 2") accommodate and support wheels which move the formwork device (1) directly or via crawler tracks. [10] Translatatively movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the dozer blade assembly (3) is provided with at least one left lateral dozer blade (34) and / or one right lateral dozer blade (36) in addition to the central dozer blade (30), which extends outwards from the central dozer blade (30) in the transverse direction (y) and which has a lower dozer edge (35, 37). [11] Translatatively movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the formwork device (1) is provided with a drive device (5) for the dozer blade device (3) which is designed to move at least the central dozer blade (30) in a vertical direction (z). [12] Translatably movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims characterized by , that the left and / or the right side dozer blade (34, 36) are provided to be interchangeable on the dozer blade assembly (3). [13] Translatatively movable formwork device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a navigation device (6) is provided which is configured to determine the actual position of the dozer blade assembly (3) or individual dozer blades (30, 34, 36) in space at least with respect to a vertical spatial axis (Z) on the basis of navigation signals, and that a control device (4) is provided which is configured to supply the drive device (5) with control commands depending on the determined actual position and a predetermined target position of the dozer blade assembly (3) or individual dozer blades (30, 34, 36). [14] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 13, characterized by, that the control device (4) is designed to adjust the dozer blade device (3) or individual dozer blades (30, 34, 36) to a predetermined target position by means of the drive device (5) depending on predetermined target position data for the dozer blade device (3) or individual dozer blades (30, 34, 36) and on actual position data determined by the navigation device (6). [15] Translatatively movable formwork device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by , that a compressor device (26) is provided behind the dozer blade device (3) in the opposite direction of travel (A), which is connected or connectable to the structural body (2) in a tensile-resistant but vibration-decoupled manner.

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