Fastening arrangement for attaching a facade element to the exterior of a building

Abstract

Fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or e.g. rhomboid, facade element (2, 2a) to a supported building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal facade distance (f) from the building exterior (4), comprising an elongated first vertical support (6) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) in an upper end region with a first upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a first lower fastener (22), comprising an elongated second vertical support (8) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) from the first vertical support (6) at an upper end region with a second upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a second lower fastener (22).wherein a receiving area (3) for receiving the facade element (2) is formed between the vertical beams (6, 8), which can be attached to the first vertical beam (6) by means of a first retaining means (30, 32) and to the second vertical beam (8) by means of a second retaining means (30, 32), wherein the upper fastening means (20) of the vertical beams (6, 8) are designed to receive a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building (4) between the vertical beams (6, 8) and the outside of the building (4), and the lower fastening means (22) are designed as support arms (22b) that are firmly connected to the vertical beams (6, 8) and project horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the mounting distance (m),wherein a free fastening end of each support arm (22b) can be connected to the building exterior (4) via a moment-free fastening (26) and is designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force and a vertical load-bearing force pointing towards the building exterior (4).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhombus-shaped, facade element to a supported building exterior, wherein the facade element in an attached state has a predetermined horizontal facade distance from the building exterior.

[0002] While the attachment of facade elements directly to a building exterior, i.e. without a horizontal gap between the facade element and the building exterior, is achieved using simple, conventional fasteners, when attaching them with a horizontal gap between the facade element and the building exterior, offset moments arise that are proportional to the weight of the facade element and the horizontal distance from the building exterior and must be absorbed by the primary structure or transferred between the facade element and the primary structure in a suitable manner.

[0003] Conventional fastening systems often employ horizontally projecting, cantilever-like elements, typically in the form of L-shaped steel beams, extending from the building's exterior. These projecting structural elements are frequently anchored to the concrete slabs at their ends. This L-shaped steel beam can act as a problematic thermal bridge. With this end-face arrangement, the anchors are subjected to both shear and tensile loads. These tensile loads result from the relatively short internal lever arm (approximately half the slab thickness) used to absorb the displacement moment. The resulting large number of anchors necessitates exposing the entire length of the slab's end face.

[0004] The object of the invention is to create a fastening arrangement in which no cantilevered, bracket-like support elements are required from the outside of the building, in which no moments occur in the joint between the ceiling and the vertical beam fastening means and thus the fastening means do not have to transmit tensile forces from moment absorption.

[0005] To solve this problem, the invention proposes a fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhomboid, facade element to a supported building exterior at a predetermined horizontal distance from the building exterior, comprising an elongated first vertical support which can be attached vertically to the building exterior at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance in an upper end region with a first upper fastening element and in a lower end region with a first lower fastening element, and comprising an elongated second vertical support which can be attached vertically to the building exterior at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance in an upper end region with a second upper fastening element and in a lower end region with a second lower fastening element.wherein a receiving area for receiving the facade element is formed between the vertical beams, which can be fastened to the first vertical beam by means of a first fastening means and to the second vertical beam by means of a second fastening means, wherein the upper fastening means of the vertical beams are designed to absorb a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building between the vertical beam and the outside of the building, and the lower fastening means are designed as support arms that are firmly connected to the vertical beams and project horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the mounting distance,wherein a free fastening end of each support arm can be connected to the building exterior via a moment-free fastening and is designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force directed towards the building exterior and a vertical load-bearing force. The described tensile and compressive forces in the connectors result solely from the self-weight of the facade element. Wind loads can generate different forces.

[0006] The support arms themselves do not have to be arranged horizontally, but can also be designed with an incline.

[0007] A building exterior can, for example, comprise only one or more floor slab ends, especially made of concrete.

[0008] The moment-free attachment of the support arms to the building exterior is of particular importance here because, according to the invention, only a horizontal and a vertical force are transferred to the building exterior at each attachment point, but no moment, which, in known fastening methods, is transferred to the building exterior via a bracket-like fastening element anchored to the building exterior. The offset moment that inevitably occurs due to the facade element's distance from the facade is absorbed by the vertical beams and ultimately also transferred to the building exterior, but not at a single point at a bracket-like attachment point, rather distributed over a large vertical distance in the form of horizontal tensile and compressive forces at the ends of the vertical beams.

[0009] The aforementioned design of the upper and lower fastening means, either for absorbing a horizontal tensile force or for absorbing a horizontal compressive force and a vertical load-bearing force, can also be interchanged, so that one variant of the invention relates to a fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhomboid, facade element to a supported building exterior at a predetermined horizontal facade distance from the building exterior, with an elongated first vertical support, which can be attached vertically to the building exterior at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance in an upper end region with a first upper fastening means and in a lower end region with a first lower fastening means, with an elongated second vertical support,which can be vertically attached to the outside of the building at a predetermined horizontal distance from the first vertical beam in an upper end region with a second upper fastening element and in a lower end region with a second lower fastening element at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance, wherein a receiving area for receiving the facade element is formed between the vertical beams, which can be attached to the first vertical beam by means of a first fastening element and to the second vertical beam by means of a second fastening element, wherein the lower fastening elements of the vertical beams are designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force directed towards the outside of the building between the vertical beam and the outside of the building, and the upper fastening elements are designed as support arms rigidly connected to the vertical beams and projecting horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the mounting distance.wherein a free fastening end of each support arm can be connected to the outside of the building via a moment-free fastening and is designed to absorb a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building and a vertical load-bearing force.

[0010] In another variant, it could of course be provided that the upper and lower fastening means of the vertical supports of one and the same facade element are arranged in a crosswise configuration, i.e., with an upper fastening means for absorbing a horizontal tensile force and another upper fastening means for absorbing a horizontal tensile force and a vertical load-bearing force, as well as a lower fastening means for absorbing a horizontal compressive force and another lower fastening means for absorbing a horizontal compressive force and a vertical load-bearing force. Such a variant of the invention relates to a fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g., rectangular or rhomboid, facade element to a supported building exterior at a predetermined horizontal facade distance from the building exterior, with an elongated first vertical support.which can be vertically attached to the outside of the building at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance in an upper end region with a first upper fastening element and in a lower end region with a first lower fastening element, with an elongated second vertical support which can be vertically attached to the outside of the building at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance from the first vertical support in an upper end region with a second upper fastening element and in a lower end region with a second lower fastening element, wherein a receiving area for receiving the facade element is formed between the vertical supports, which can be fastened to the first vertical support by means of a first fastening element and to the second vertical support by means of a second fastening element.wherein a lower fastening element of one vertical beam is designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force directed towards the outside of the building and an upper fastening element of the other vertical beam is designed to absorb a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building between the vertical beam and the outside of the building, and wherein an upper fastening element of one vertical beam and a lower fastening element of the other vertical beam are designed as support arms rigidly connected to the vertical beams and projecting horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the mounting distance, wherein a free fastening end of each support arm can be connected to the outside of the building via a moment-free fastening,wherein the fastening end of the support arm of an upper fastening device is designed to absorb a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building and a vertical load-bearing force, and the fastening end of the support arm of a lower fastening device is designed to absorb a compressive force directed towards the outside of the building and a vertical load-bearing force.

[0011] In all embodiments, it can be provided that the facade distance is equal to the mounting distance, or that the facade distance is smaller or larger than the mounting distance.

[0012] It may be provided that each support arm is formed in one piece with a vertical support.

[0013] Alternatively, the invention preferably provides that each support arm is designed as a separate component and attached to a vertical support.

[0014] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the vertical supports are designed as wooden beams. In particular, the vertical supports may have a rectangular or square cross-section.

[0015] Each support arm can be designed as a horizontal section of an upper or lower fastening device. The fastening device can comprise a horizontal section and a vertical section rigidly connected to it, the vertical section being attached to a vertical beam. Such a fastening device can be designed as a known L-shaped timber connector, the horizontal section or leg of which forms the support arm and the vertical section or leg of which is attached to a vertical beam by nails or screws.

[0016] It is advantageous to arrange the fastening means, e.g. in the form of wooden connectors, in recessed or embedded in the wooden cross-section of the vertical beams so that collisions between support arms and the facade element do not occur when a facade element is inserted.

[0017] The first and second retaining means can have upwardly pointing projections or upwardly open pocket-like recesses arranged on the vertical supports, which can engage with downwardly open pocket-like recesses or downwardly pointing projections arranged on the facade element, wherein when the facade element is inserted from above into the receiving area, a projection can be inserted into a recess.

[0018] The upper and lower fasteners can be connected to the outside of the building by means of horizontally running fastening screws screwed into the outside of the building.

[0019] The upper and lower fastening elements, insofar as they absorb vertical forces, can rest with a free end section on an upwardly facing support surface on the outside of the building to transmit the respective vertical force, whereby the support surface can be formed on the top of a floor slab or in a recess on the outside of the building.

[0020] The invention further relates to a method for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhombus-shaped, facade element to a supported building exterior at a predetermined horizontal facade distance from the building exterior, comprising the steps: Providing a fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, attaching a first vertical support in an upper end region with a first upper fastening means and in a lower end region with a first lower fastening means at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance vertically on the outside of the building, Attaching a second vertical support at a predetermined horizontal distance from the first vertical support in an upper end area with a second upper fastener and in a lower end area with a second lower fastener at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance vertically on the outside of the building, wherein a receiving area for receiving the facade element is formed between the vertical supports, and The facade element is fastened in the receiving area by means of a first holding device on the first vertical support and by means of a second holding device on the second vertical support.

[0021] Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to a drawing in which Fig. Figure 1 shows a fastening arrangement according to the invention with two vertical supports in a state attached to a vertical exterior of a building, and a ready-to-use facade element that can be inserted from above between the vertical supports, and Fig. 2 the fastening arrangement according Fig. Figure 1 shows the facade element being inserted between the vertical supports and attached to the outside of the building.

[0022] Fig. Figure 1 describes a fastening arrangement according to the invention for attaching a polygonal, in this example rectangular, facade element 2 to a supported building exterior 4, which in this example is vertical, with a first vertical support 6 attached to the building exterior 4 and a second vertical support 8 attached to the left of it at a predetermined horizontal distance. To the right of and attached to the first vertical support 6 is a facade element 2a already attached to the vertical support 6 and thus to the building exterior 4. Figure 1 further shows Fig. 1 a facade element 2 that has not yet been installed, which can be inserted from above into a receiving area 3 between the two vertical beams 6, 8. Each vertical beam 6, 8 thus supports one facade element 2, 2a on each side, each bearing half the weight, with the exception of vertical beams that are located at the ends on the outside of the building.

[0023] In the example shown, the exterior of the building 4 comprises end faces 10a, 12a of floor slabs 10, 12 and exterior walls 14, 16 arranged between them, with an example of a window opening 18 in the exterior wall 14.

[0024] The facade element 2, which is to be attached at a distance in front of the outer side 4 of the building, is approximately square in the example shown and has a certain width b, which corresponds approximately to a width of the recording area 3, as well as a height h, which in the example shown essentially corresponds to the floor height, but the facade elements can also have heights that are completely independent of the floor heights.

[0025] The facade elements 2, 2a are attached indirectly, with the vertical beams 6, 8, or a series of such vertical beams, being attached to the exterior of the building 4 at predetermined horizontal intervals. In the illustrated embodiment, the vertical beams 6, 8 are wooden beams with a rectangular cross-section and are attached to the exterior of the building 4 by means of upper fasteners 20 and lower fasteners 22. The upper fasteners 20, of which in this example one is arranged on each side of the vertical beams 6, 8, serve to transmit a horizontal tensile force directed away from the exterior of the building 4, which each vertical beam 6, 8 transmits to the exterior of the building 4 due to the weight of the facade elements.Each upper fastening element 20 is designed as an L-shaped sheet metal support, one leg of which is attached to the vertical support 6, 8 by means of nails or screws not shown, and the other leg of which is attached to the outside of the building 4 by means of a horizontally extending fastening screw screwed into the outside of the building 4.

[0026] The lower fasteners 22 serve to transfer both a vertical force and a horizontal compressive force directed towards the building exterior 4 from the vertical beam 6 to the building exterior 4. The vertical force to be absorbed by each lower fastener 22 results from the total load of the vertical beams and facade elements, distributed among the number of lower fasteners 22. The horizontal compressive force corresponds to the horizontal tensile force in the area of ​​the upper fasteners 20 and results from a moment that arises from the aforementioned total load and the horizontal distance between the building exterior and the vertical beams or between the building exterior and the facade elements.Here, the vertical supports 6, 8 are installed at a predetermined mounting distance m from the building exterior 4, while the facade elements 2, 2a, when installed, have a predetermined horizontal facade distance f from the building exterior. These distances can be the same or different.

[0027] In the illustrated embodiment, the lower fastening means 22 are designed as L-shaped wooden connectors known per se, with a longer vertical leg 22a, which is fastened to the vertical support 6, 8 by means of nails or screws, and a shorter horizontal leg 22b extending from it, the length of which projects horizontally beyond the vertical support 6, 8 in the direction of the outer side of the building 4 corresponds to the mounting distance m and which is connected at its free end to the outer side of the building 4 via a fastening bracket 24 by means of a horizontally running fastening screw 26 screwed into the outer side of the building 4.

[0028] It is essential that the fastening screw 26 absorbs or transmits only a vertical force to the outside of the building, possibly also a horizontal force, whereby the fastening is moment-free, i.e. no moment is transmitted to the outside of the building by each individual upper and lower fastening element 20, 22 on its own.

[0029] Of course, the arrangement of the upper and lower fasteners 20, 22 can be reversed, i.e., those in Fig. 1, Fig. The upper fasteners 20 shown in Figure 2, which exclusively absorb a horizontal tensile force, can be arranged at the bottom of the vertical beams and absorb exclusively a horizontal compressive force there. The lower fasteners 22, which in the illustrated embodiment absorb both a vertical force and a horizontal compressive force, can be arranged at the top of the vertical beams and absorb both a vertical force and a horizontal tensile force. An alternating or mixed arrangement of the upper and lower fasteners is also conceivable.

[0030] Although the lower fastener 22 in Fig. 1 shown mounted on the vertical support 6, 8, it may be expediently recessed in a corresponding depression or milling into the vertical support 6 so that the facade element 2 does not collide with it when inserted from above.

[0031] How Fig. Figure 1 further shows that retaining elements 30 are attached to the vertical supports 6, 8, which interact with corresponding retaining elements 32 attached to the facade element 2 to secure the facade element in the Fig. 2 as shown, to fix in the recording area 3 between adjacent first and second vertical supports 6, 8.

[0032] In this case, the retaining means 30 arranged on the first vertical support 6 and the corresponding retaining means 32 arranged on the facade element 2 form first retaining means for fixing the facade element 2 to the first vertical support 6, and the retaining means 32 arranged on the other side of the facade element 2 and the corresponding retaining means 30 of the second vertical support 8 form second retaining means for fixing the facade element 2 to the second vertical support 8.

[0033] The retaining elements 30, 32 are expediently designed such that they are released from the facade element 2 when it is lowered. Fig. 1 shown position in the in Fig. 2 shown attached position interlock in a form-fitting manner, so that the facade element 2 is held firmly and securely on the adjacent vertical beams 6, 8 without further manual fastening operations.

[0034] For example, the retaining elements 30 attached to the vertical supports 6, 8 can have upwardly facing or upwardly open pocket-like recesses or receptacles that can engage with downwardly facing projections arranged laterally on the retaining elements 32 of the facade element 2, whereby the projections on the facade element 2 automatically engage from above into the pocket-like recesses on the vertical supports when the facade element 2 is lowered vertically from above into the receiving area between the vertical supports. Of course, a reverse arrangement is also possible, with downwardly facing recesses on the facade element and upwardly facing projections on the vertical supports.

[0035] As an alternative to this automatic fixing, it can be provided that the facade element 2 is first brought into the desired position within the receiving area 3 in front of the building exterior 4 and then fixed to the vertical supports by means of suitable fastening elements.

Claims

[1] Fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or e.g. rhomboid, facade element (2, 2a) to a supported building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal facade distance (f) from the building exterior (4), comprising an elongated first vertical support (6) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) in an upper end region with a first upper fastener (20) and at a lower end region with a first lower fastener (22), comprising an elongated second vertical support (8) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) from the first vertical support (6) at an upper end region with a second upper fastener (20) and at a lower end region with a second lower fastener (22).wherein a receiving area (3) for receiving the facade element (2) is formed between the vertical beams (6, 8), which can be attached to the first vertical beam (6) by means of a first retaining means (30, 32) and to the second vertical beam (8) by means of a second retaining means (30, 32), wherein the upper fastening means (20) of the vertical beams (6, 8) are designed to receive a horizontal tensile force directed away from the outside of the building (4) between the vertical beams (6, 8) and the outside of the building (4), and the lower fastening means (22) are designed as support arms (22b) that are firmly connected to the vertical beams (6, 8) and project horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the mounting distance (m),wherein a free fastening end of each support arm (22b) can be connected to the building exterior (4) via a moment-free fastening (26) and is designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force and a vertical load-bearing force pointing towards the building exterior (4). [2] Fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhombus-shaped, facade element (2, 2a) to a supported building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal facade distance (f) from the building exterior (4), comprising an elongated first vertical support (6) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) in an upper end region with a first upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a first lower fastener (22), comprising an elongated second vertical support (8) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) in an upper end region with a second upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a second lower fastener (22), at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) from the first vertical support (6).wherein a receiving area (3) for receiving the facade element (2) is formed between the vertical beams (6, 8), which can be attached to the first vertical beam (6) by means of a first retaining means (30, 32) and to the second vertical beam (8) by means of a second retaining means (30, 32), wherein the lower fastening means (22) of the vertical beams (6, 8) are designed to absorb a horizontal compressive force directed towards the exterior of the building (4) between the vertical beams (6, 8) and the exterior of the building (4), and the upper fastening means (20) are designed as support arms (22b) rigidly connected to the vertical beams (6, 8) and projecting horizontally from them, the horizontal span of which corresponds to the installation distance (m), wherein a free fastening end of each support arm (22b) can be connected to the exterior of the building via a moment-free fastening and is designed to absorb a tensile force directed away from the exterior of the building (4) and a is designed for vertical load-bearing capacity.[3] Fastening arrangement for attaching a polygonal, e.g. rectangular or rhombus-shaped, facade element (2, 2a) to a supported building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal facade distance (f) from the building exterior (4), comprising an elongated first vertical support (6) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) in an upper end region with a first upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a first lower fastener (22), comprising an elongated second vertical support (8) which can be attached vertically to the building exterior (4) at a predetermined horizontal mounting distance (m) from the first vertical support (6) at an upper end region with a second upper fastener (20) and in a lower end region with a second lower fastener (22).wherein a receiving area (3) for receiving the facade element (4) is formed between the vertical beams (6, 8), which can be attached to the first vertical beam (6) by means of a first retaining element (30, 32) and to the second vertical beam (8) by means of a second retaining element (30, 32), wherein a lower fastening element (22) of one vertical beam (6, 8) for receiving a horizontal compressive force directed towards the exterior of the building (4) and an upper fastening element (20) of the other vertical beam (8, 6) for receiving a horizontal compressive force directed towards the exterior of the building (4) are formed between the vertical beam (6, 8) and the exterior of the building (4), and an upper fastening element (20) of one vertical beam (6, 8) and a lower fastening element (22) of the other vertical beam (8, 6) are formed as being rigidly connected to the vertical beams (6, 8) and projecting horizontally from them. Support arms (22b) are designedwhose horizontal cantilever span corresponds to the mounting distance (m), wherein a free fastening end of each support arm (22b) can be connected to the building exterior (4) via a moment-free fastening, wherein the fastening end of the support arm of an upper fastening means is designed to absorb a horizontal tensile force directed away from the building exterior (4) and a vertical load-bearing force, and the fastening end of the support arm of a lower fastening means is designed to absorb a compressive force directed towards the building exterior and a vertical load-bearing force. [4] Fastening arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the facade distance (f) is equal to the mounting distance (m). [5] Fastening arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the facade distance (f) is smaller or larger than the mounting distance (m). [6] Fastening arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, that each support arm (22b) is formed in one piece with a vertical support (6, 8). [7] Fastening arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that each support arm (22b) is designed as a separate component and is attached to a vertical support (6, 8). [8] Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5 or 7, characterized by , that the vertical supports (6, 8) are designed as wooden beams. [9] Fastening arrangement according to claim 8, characterized by , that each support arm (22b) is designed as a horizontal section of an upper or lower fastening means (20, 22), wherein the fastening means may comprise a horizontal and a vertical section rigidly connected thereto, the vertical section being attached to a vertical support. [10] Fastening arrangement according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by, that the support arms (22b) are part of an L-shaped wooden connector known per se, which is attached to the vertical support (6, 8) by nails or screws. [11] Fastening arrangement according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by , that the fasteners are recessed in the wooden cross-section of the vertical beams (6, 8). [12] Fastening arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the first and second retaining means (30, 32) on the vertical supports (6, 8) have upwardly pointing projections or upwardly open pocket-like recesses which can be engaged with downwardly open pocket-like recesses or downwardly pointing projections on the facade element (2), wherein when the facade element (2) is inserted from above into the receiving area (3) a projection can be inserted into a recess. [13] Fastening arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the upper and lower fastening means (20, 22) can be connected to the outside of the building (4) by means of horizontally extending fastening screws (26) screwed into the outside of the building (4). [14] Fastening arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the upper and lower fastening means (20, 22), insofar as they absorb vertical forces, rest with a free end section on an upwardly pointing support surface of the building exterior (4) for the transmission of the respective vertical force, wherein the support surface may be formed on a top of a floor slab (10, 12) or in a recess of the building exterior (4).

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