Fastening system for fastening at least one detachably fastened element to a supporting structure and arrangement with a fastening system

Abstract

Fastening system for fastening at least one element (2) to be releasably fastened, in particular a surface element, to a supporting structure (3), in particular to a wall, wherein the fastening system (1) has at least one holding part (4) with at least one holding opening (5) and at least one suspension part (8) with at least one suspension element (9), wherein the suspension element (9) is arranged in the holding opening (5) in a fastening state (24) of the fastening system (1), in which the suspension part (8) is held on the holding part (4), characterized in that the fastening system (1) has at least one securing part (10) which is adjustable between a mounting position (20) and a securing position (21),wherein the suspension element (9) can be removed from the holding opening (5) in the assembly position (20) and wherein the suspension element (9) is secured in the securing position (21) by a securing element (11) of the securing part (10) in at least one direction against removal from the holding opening (5).

Description

The invention relates to a fastening system, an arrangement of a fastening system and at least two elements to be fastened, and an arrangement of a fastening system, at least one element to be fastened in a detachable manner and a supporting structure.EP 3 306 007 B1 discloses a fastening system for mounting surface elements on a wall, in which the surface elements are suspended in keyhole-shaped openings which are fixed on the supporting structure.The invention is based on the object of creating a fastening system of the generic type which can be used in various ways. A further object of the invention is to specify an arrangement with a fastening system that can be used in various ways.This object is achieved with respect to the fastening system by a fastening system having the features of claim 1. With regard to the arrangement, the object is achieved by an arrangement having the features of claim 14. The object is also achieved with respect to the arrangement by an arrangement having the features of claim 15.It has been found that-depending on the design of the elements to be fastened and depending on the application-comparatively large forces can act on the element to be fastened in different directions. This can be the case, for example, when the supporting structure is the wall of a tunnel and the element to be fastened is a cladding element of the tunnel wall, for example a surface element with fire protection properties. If the tunnel is provided for the passage of vehicles such as motor vehicles, trucks, trains or the like, high forces can be generated on the surface element. Depending on the case of use, forces can act on the surface element, which do not necessarily have to be aligned in the direction of action of gravity. For example, when used in a tunnel, wind forces can act on the elements to be fastened, which are not aligned in the direction of action of the force of gravity. The forces can be, for example, wind pressure forces and wind wake forces acting in different directions, in particular dynamic wind pressure forces or other forces. The forces acting on the element to be fastened are absorbed in particular by the fastening system.In order to achieve a secure fastening of the element to be fastened to the supporting structure, it is provided that the fastening system has at least one securing part which is adjustable between an assembly position and a securing position. In the mounting position, the suspension element can be removed from the retaining opening. In the securing position, the suspension element is secured by a securing element of the securing part in at least one direction against removal from the retaining opening.The mounting position of the securing part is provided in particular for mounting the element to be fastened on the supporting structure or for dismantling it from the supporting structure. Because the suspension element is secured in the securing position against removal from the retaining opening, it is possible to prevent the surface element from becoming detached from the supporting structure even in the case of large forces acting on the surface element.The direction in which the suspension element is secured against removal from the retaining opening is in particular a horizontal direction and / or a vertical direction. The direction against which the suspension element is secured against removal from the retaining opening corresponds in particular to a movement of the element to be fastened upward with respect to the supporting structure.The element to be fastened can be, for example, a cladding element or the like and the supporting structure can be a wall of a tunnel. It can be provided that the supporting structure is the wall of a building or of another structure. The element to be fastened can be, for example, a cladding arranged on the inside or on the outside, for example also a facade panel or other facade cladding. The element to be fastened can be a light facade panel, for example.In particular, the holding part and the securing part secure the suspension element in the securing position of the securing part in all spatial directions against removal from the holding opening. The holding part and the securing part close in particular the receiving opening.In particular, the fastening system has a plurality of retaining openings, a plurality of associated suspension elements and a plurality of associated securing elements. This makes it possible to achieve secure fixing of even large surface elements in a simple manner.In particular, at least two suspension elements, in particular a plurality of suspension elements, are formed on a common suspension part. As a result, the distance of the suspension elements from one another is predefined structurally. It is easily possible to mount the suspension elements at a correct distance from one another. In a simple design, the suspension part is designed as a rail. However, another configuration of the suspension part can also be advantageous.In particular, at least two holding openings, in particular a plurality of holding openings, are formed on a common holding part. Because at least two holding openings, in particular a plurality of holding openings, are formed on a common holding part, the distance of the holding openings from one another is predefined structurally via the holding part. The mounting of the holding openings at the correct distance from one another is thus possible in a simple manner. In particular, the holding part is designed as a rail. However, another configuration of the holding part may also be advantageous.In particular, at least two securing elements, in particular a plurality of securing elements, are formed on a common securing part. Because at least two, in particular a plurality of, securing elements are formed on a common securing part, the corresponding number of retaining openings can be closed together and the associated suspension elements can be secured in the retaining openings. Due to the arrangement on a common securing element, the distance of the securing elements from one another is predefined structurally and it is ensured that all the suspension elements are secured by the securing elements. A simple configuration results if the securing part is designed as a strip.In order to enable the attachment of a plurality of attachment elements and the closing of a plurality of holding openings simultaneously in a simple manner, it is provided in particular that at least two attachment elements are formed on a common attachment part, at least two holding elements on a common holding part and at least two securing elements on a common securing part.In particular, the suspension part, the securing part and / or the holding part consist at least partially, in particular completely, of metal, in particular of stainless metal. The suspension part, the securing part and / or the holding part are made in particular partially, in particular completely, of steel. It can be provided that the suspension part, securing part and / or holding part are coated with corrosion protection. In particular, the suspension part, the securing part and / or the holding part are made of sheet metal.In particular, the securing part is designed to be moved along the holding part between the mounting position and the securing position. In particular, the securing part is a strip which is guided on a suspension element designed as a rail and is held displaceably in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element.In particular, the suspension element has a suspension slot which engages over the holding part in the fastened state of the fastening system. This makes it possible in a simple manner to secure the suspension element in the transverse direction to the suspension direction. The suspension slot in particular ensures securing of the suspension element in the horizontal direction parallel to the supporting structure.In particular, the suspension element is configured for arrangement in the retaining opening by a first movement in a direction perpendicular to the supporting structure and a subsequent movement in a direction parallel to the supporting structure, in particular in a movement perpendicularly downwards. In particular, the holding part and / or the suspension element have insertion slopes and / or rounded portions in order to simplify the arrangement of the suspension element in the holding opening and to prevent the holding part and the suspension part from getting caught during the suspension process. The lead-in slopes allow guided interlocking of the suspension elements into the retaining openings, in particular along the retaining part. The lead-in slopes have in particular an angle of 2° to 45°, in particular of 5° to 25°, with respect to the associated direction of movement.In particular, the suspension element has a fixing section which holds the securing part in the securing position in a direction which runs transversely to a movement direction of the securing part in which the securing part moves from the mounting position to the securing position. However, an embodiment without a fixing section may also be advantageous.In particular, the fixing portion is formed in a beveled manner and forms an insertion bevel for the securing part when the securing part is displaced from the mounting position into the securing position. As a result, a correct position of the securing part in the securing position can be achieved in a simple manner. The insertion bevel can be formed integrally on the fixing section of the suspension element without additional components. The angle which the insertion bevel encloses with the longitudinal direction of the suspension part or in particular with the movement direction of the securing part into the securing position is in particular 2° to 45°, in particular 5° to 25°.In particular, the fastening system, in particular the suspension part of the fastening system, has a supporting structure. The support structure is designed to support the element to be fastened in the direction of the support structure. In particular, the support structure is at a slight distance from the support structure in the direction perpendicular to the support structure in the unloaded state, i.e. when no forces act on the element to be fastened in addition to the weight force. The distance can be in the range of a few millimeters, for example, and is in particular less than 5 mm, in particular less than 2 mm.In particular, the supporting structure is formed on a longitudinal edge of the suspension part. This makes it possible to achieve stable support in a simple manner with little material outlay. The longitudinal edge of the suspension part is in particular an end face of a metal sheet which is bent as a rail and which forms the suspension part.In particular, the suspension part, the securing part and the holding part are designed as bent sheet metal parts. In particular, the suspension part, the securing part and the holding part are each formed in one piece per se.For an arrangement comprising a fastening system and at least two elements to be fastened, it is provided that at least one securing part is provided for each element of the arrangement to be fastened. It can be provided that an element to be fastened has a plurality of suspension parts. In order to reliably prevent detachment of the element to be fastened from the supporting structure, it may be sufficient to provide only one securing part for each element to be fastened of the arrangement. The arrangement can accordingly also have holding parts and suspension parts interacting with them without associated securing elements. Securing elements for only some or only one suspension element may also be sufficient to effect a sufficient securing of an element to be fastened.For an arrangement of a fastening system, at least one element to be fastened in a detachable manner and a supporting structure, it is provided that one of the parts of the holding part and the suspension part is fixed to the element to be fastened and that the other of the parts of the holding part and the suspension part is fixed to the supporting structure. In the securing position of the securing part, the securing element secures the suspension element at least in a direction which corresponds to a movement of the element to be fastened upward. In the downward direction, the suspension element lies in particular on the holding part and is secured by the holding part.In particular, the suspension of the element to be detachably fastened to the supporting structure takes place by a movement of the element to be detachably fastened perpendicular to the supporting structure and a movement of the element to be detachably fastened parallel to the supporting structure, in particular at least partially downward, preferably approximately vertically downward.For a method for fastening an element to be detachably fastened to a supporting structure via a fastening system, wherein the fastening system has at least one holding part with at least one holding opening and at least one suspension part with at least one suspension element, wherein the fastening system has at least one securing part which is adjustable between an assembly position and a securing position, wherein the suspension element can be removed from the holding opening in the assembly position and wherein the suspension element is secured in the securing position by a securing element of the securing part in at least one direction against removal from the holding opening, it is provided in particular that at least one suspension element is arranged in the at least one holding opening of the holding part and that in a later method step the securing part is moved from the assembly position into the securing position.In particular, the securing part is secured in the securing position after the movement of the securing part into the securing position.The securing of the securing part in the securing position can be effected, for example, by means of a bolt or the like which fixes the securing part with respect to the holding part.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIGS. 1 and 2 are perspective representations of an arrangement of fastening system, element to be fastened and supporting structure, wherein connection structures are also shown in FIG. 2, wherein one of the elements to be fastened is not shown in each case, FIGS. 3 to 6 are perspective views of portions of the arrangement from FIG. 1 at different times during the arrangement of an element to be fastened on the supporting structure, FIG. 7 shows a sectional illustration of a portion of the arrangement from the preceding figures, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a holding part, FIG. 9 is a side view of the holding part from FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a side view taken in the direction of arrow IX in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 shows the detail XI from FIG. 10 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 12 shows the detail XII from FIG. 10 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 13 is a plan view taken in the direction of arrow XIII in FIG. 9, FIG. 14 shows a perspective illustration of a securing part, FIG. 15 shows a side view of the securing part from FIG. 14, FIG. 16 shows the detail XVI from FIG. 15 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 17 shows the detail XVII from FIG. 15 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 18 is a plan view of the securing part in the direction of the arrow XVIII in FIG. 15 , FIG. 19 shows a perspective illustration of a suspension part, FIG. 20 shows a side view of the suspension part from FIG. 19, FIG. 21 is a side view taken in the direction of arrow XXI in FIG. 20, FIG. 22 shows the detail XXII from FIG. 20 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 23 shows the detail XXIII from FIG. 21 in an enlarged illustration, FIG. 24 is a plan view taken in the direction of arrow XXIV in FIG. 20, FIG. 25 is a sectional view of an alternative arrangement with two fastening systems, FIG. 26 shows a perspective illustration of a suspension part of the embodiment according to FIG. 26, FIG. 27 shows the suspension part from FIG. 26 in a side view, FIG. 28 is a side view taken in the direction of arrow XXVIII in FIG. 27, FIG. 29 is a plan view taken in the direction of arrow XXIX in FIG. 27, FIG. 30 shows a sectional illustration through the arrangement from FIG. 2 in the upper region of the elements to be fastened, FIG. 31 shows a sectional illustration through the arrangement from FIG. 2 in the lower region of the elements to be fastened, FIG. 32 shows a perspective illustration of an arrangement of an alternative fastening system, element to be fastened and supporting structure corresponding to the illustration in FIG. 1, FIGS. 33 to 36 are perspective views of portions of the arrangement from FIG. 32 at different times during the arrangement of an element to be fastened on the supporting structure, FIG. 33a is an enlarged detail from FIG. 33.FIG. 1 shows an arrangement comprising a supporting structure 3, an element 2 to be detachably fastened to the supporting structure 3 and a fastening system 1. The element 2 to be detachably fastened can be, for example, a surface element such as a cladding panel or the like. In one embodiment variant, the element 2 to be detachably fastened has fire protection properties. The support structure 3 is in particular a wall, for example the wall of a structure such as a tunnel or the like. However, the supporting structure 3 can also be another structure, in particular a structure of a structure. In particular, the supporting structure 3 is the wall of a building or of another structure. The element 2 to be fastened can be, for example, a cladding arranged on the inside or on the outside, for example a facade panel, in particular a light facade panel, or another facade cladding.The fastening system 1 comprises holding parts 4, one of which is shown in FIG. 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the holding part 4 is designed as an elongated sheet metal bending part. The holding part 4 is in particular a rail. In the exemplary embodiment, the holding part 4 is a U-shaped rail which is fixed with its rail back 30 to the supporting structure 3.The fastening system 1 has suspension parts 8. The suspension parts 8 are to be fixed to the elements 2 to be fastened. For this purpose, the suspension parts 8 in the exemplary embodiment have fastening openings 12 through which the suspension parts 8 can be screwed or fastened in another way to elements 2 to be fastened. In the exemplary embodiment, the fastening openings 12 are designed as elongated holes. The longitudinal extension of the elongated holes runs in particular transversely to a longitudinal direction 48 (FIG. 20 ) of the suspension part 8. The elongated holes allow a simple alignment and correct arrangement of the suspension parts 8 on the elements 2 to be fastened. Another shape of the fastening openings 12, in particular a round shape, can also be advantageous. The fastening openings 12 can be designed to compensate tolerances in the horizontal and vertical directions. In particular, counter plates for securing the position can be arranged on the fastening openings 12. The counter plates engage in particular in a form-fitting manner in the suspension part 8, for example via toothings formed on the counter plate and suspension part 8.In the illustration in FIG. 1, a suspension part 8 on an element 2 to be fastened is illustrated. Advantageously, on the vertically extending edge of the element 2 to be fastened, which edge is shown in FIG. 1 in the right-hand side of the drawing, a further suspension part 8 is provided, which interacts with a holding part 4, which is not shown and is fixed to the supporting structure 3. In FIG. 1, a further suspension part 8 is shown to the left of the element 2 to be fastened, which is to be fixed to a further element 2 to be fastened, not shown.Supply lines 13 or the like can run on the supporting structure 3. As FIG. 1 shows, the suspension part 8 has a plurality of recesses 14, through which the supply lines 13 can be guided.The fastening system 1 has at least one securing part 10. FIG. 1 shows a bolt 16 with which the securing part 10 can be fixed relative to the holding part 4. The bolt 16 is held detachably on the holding part 4.Instead of the bolt 16, another element for fixing the position of the securing part 10 relative to the holding part 4, for example a pin, a screw, which is secured in particular by means of a screwed-on nut, a pin, a latching or the like, can also be provided.FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of two elements 2 to be detachably fastened, which are fixed to a supporting structure 3 via a fastening system 1. The fastening system 1 comprises a plurality of holding parts 4, a plurality of suspension parts 8 and a plurality of securing parts 10.In the lower region of the elements 2 to be detachably fastened, a lower connection arrangement 31 is arranged, and in the upper region, an upper connection arrangement 32 is provided. The upper connection arrangement 32 and the lower connection arrangement 31 additionally secure the elements 2 to be detachably fastened. If the upper connection arrangement 32 is removed or partially disassembled, the elements 2 to be detachably fastened can be individually pushed upwards and removed from the supporting structure 3 perpendicular to the latter. As a result, the elements 2 to be detachably fastened can be replaced individually in a simple manner or removed for repair or testing and mounted again on the supporting structure 3. For mounting the elements 2 to be detachably fastened on the supporting structure 3, the upper connection arrangement 32 is removed in particular. In FIG. 2, an opening 54 in the securing part 10 is visible, through which the supply line 13 is guided.FIGS. 3 to 6 show the design of the fastening system 1 and the individual steps in the fixing of a suspension part 8 to a holding part 4 in detail.The holding part 4 has at least one holding opening 5, in particular a plurality of holding openings 5. The suspension part 8 has at least one suspension element 9, in particular a plurality of suspension elements 9. The securing element 11 has at least one receiving opening 41, in particular a plurality of receiving openings 41. Adjacent to each receiving opening 41, the securing part 10 forms a securing element 11 in each case. In particular, the fastening system 1 is designed in such a way that exactly one suspension element 9 is assigned to each holding opening 5. The securing part 10 is arranged adjacent to retaining openings 5. In particular, the securing part 10 has exactly one receiving opening 41 for each adjacently arranged holding opening 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the securing part 10 lies flat against a leg 33 of the holding part 4.The securing part 10 is fixed to the holding part 4 by means of the bolt 16 in the mounting position 20 illustrated in FIG. 3. In the assembly position 20, the at least one retaining opening 5, in particular all retaining openings 5, is released from the securing part 10. The receiving opening 41 is advantageously overlapped with the retaining opening 5 when viewed perpendicularly to the surface of the securing part 10.For the arrangement of the suspension element 9 in the holding opening 5, the suspension part 8 is first pushed into the holding opening 5 in the direction of an arrow 25 transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the supporting structure 3 until it is in the position shown in FIG. 4. Subsequently, the suspension part 8, as illustrated in FIG. 4 by the arrow 26, is displaced downwards, in the exemplary embodiment vertically downwards, until it is in the position illustrated in FIG. 5. The bolt 16 is then released and the securing part 10 is pushed in a direction of movement 27 into a securing position 21. In the exemplary embodiment, the direction of movement 27 is directed along the holding part 4, in particular perpendicularly downwards. Subsequently, the securing part 10 is fixed to the holding part 4 with the bolt 16 in the securing position 21, as shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows the arrangement in a fastening state 24, in which the suspension part 8 is fixed to the holding part 4.As FIG. 4 shows, the receiving opening 41 of the securing part 10 has a downwardly directed slot 23. A holding section 18 of the suspension element 9 moves into this slot 23 during the movement of the suspension part 8 in the direction of the arrow 26 (FIG. 4 ). If the securing part 10 is subsequently displaced in the direction of movement 27, the holding section 18 of the suspension element 8 comes out of the slot 23 again.In the fastened state 24, the suspension elements 9 rest in particular on an edge 28 (FIG. 3 ) of the retaining openings 5, which edge delimits the retaining openings 5 at the bottom.For dismantling the suspension part 8, in particular with an element 2 to be fastened arranged thereon, the steps mentioned are carried out in the reverse sequence.In the securing position 21 of the securing part 10, the retaining opening 5 is closed in such a way that the suspension element 9 cannot be moved out of the retaining opening 5. In the securing position 21, it is also not possible to mount a suspension element 9 in a retaining opening 5.FIG. 7 shows the arrangement in the fastened state 24 in a sectional illustration. In the exemplary embodiment, two elements 2 to be fastened are held directly next to one another on the supporting structure 3 via a common fastening system 1. The fastening system 1 comprises a holding part 4 and two suspension parts 8, In the exemplary embodiment, the fastening system 1 comprises two securing parts 10 arranged on a holding part 4, which are each fixed by means of a bolt 16. Other fastening means for the securing parts 10 can also be advantageous.In the exemplary embodiment, the holding part 4 is designed as a U-shaped rail, which has a rail back 30 and two mutually opposite legs 33 connected to the rail back 30. Each of the suspension parts 8 is suspended in one of the legs 33 of the holding part 4. A securing part 10 is arranged on each of the legs 33. Each securing part 10 secures a suspension part 8 and thus an element 2 to be fastened with respect to the holding part 4.Each suspension part 8 has a fastening portion 34, at which the suspension part 8 is fixed to the respective element 2 to be fastened. In the fastening state 24 of the arrangement shown in FIG. 7, the fastening section 34 runs in particular parallel to the supporting structure 3.Each suspension part 8 has a suspension leg 36 which projects in the direction of an associated leg 33 of the holding part 4 and has the suspension elements 9. The suspension legs 36 are suspended in the legs 33 of the holding part 4. The suspension legs 36 extend in particular parallel to the fastening section 34.The suspension part 8 has a leg 35 which projects in the direction of the supporting structure 3. The leg 35 and the suspension leg 36 are connected to opposite longitudinal sides of the fastening section 34. The leg 35 forms a supporting structure 29. In the exemplary embodiment, the leg 35 extends approximately perpendicular to the suspension leg 36. The distance a is in particular at most 5 mm, in particular at most 2 mm, in particular approximately 1 mm. The force-free state refers in the present case to a state in which the arrangement is not acted upon by external forces such as wind forces or the like, but only weight forces act. The end face 37 is in particular the end face of a metal sheet which forms the suspension part 8.If high forces act on the elements 2 to be fastened, the end face 37 of the leg 35 can come to rest on the supporting structure 3 and thus form an additional support of the element 2 to be fastened in the direction perpendicular to the supporting structure 3.FIGS. 8 to 13 show the holding part 4 in detail. As the figures show, the two legs 33 in the exemplary embodiment are situated approximately perpendicular to the rail back 30. In an alternative embodiment, which is shown schematically in FIG. 13 with dashed lines 33', the legs 33 can also run at an inclination to one another and project toward one another. In this embodiment variant, the legs 33 form an angle of less than 90° with the rail back 30. This configuration can facilitate the suspension of the suspension part 8.The rail back 30 has fastening openings 39. The fastening openings 39 are formed as elongated holes, the longitudinal direction of which lies perpendicular to a longitudinal direction 40 of the holding part 4. Another shape of the fastening openings 39, in particular a round shape, can also be advantageous. The fastening openings 39 can be designed to compensate tolerances in the horizontal and vertical directions. In particular, counter plates for securing the position can be arranged on the fastening openings 39. The counter plates engage in particular in a form-fitting manner in the holding part 4, for example via toothings formed on the counter plate and holding part 4.The two mutually opposite legs 33 each have a plurality of holding openings 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the holding openings 5 are arranged congruently one above the other when viewed from one limb 33 to the other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 40. In the exemplary embodiment, twelve retaining openings 5 are provided in each leg 33.As the figures also show, both legs 33 have a plurality of openings 15. The openings 15 serve for the passage of supply lines 13 (FIGS. 1 and 2 ) or the like. In the fastening state 24 of the arrangement, the openings 15 are in overlapping relationship with the recesses 14 in the suspension part 8 (FIGS. 1 and 2 ).As FIGS. 8 and 10 show, the holding part 4 has a receiving opening 41 in each leg 33 adjacent to the end shown at the top in the figures. The receiving opening 41 serves to receive the bolt 16, which fixes the securing part 10 with respect to the holding part 4.As FIG. 11 shows, each holding opening 5 is formed by an access region 6, which is rectangular in the exemplary embodiment, and a holding region 7 adjoining the access region and projecting downward in the form of a slot. In the fastened state 24, the suspension element 9 is at least partially located in the holding region 7. In order to pass into the holding region 7, the corresponding region of the suspension element 9 must be guided through the access region 6. In the securing position 21 of the securing part 10, the securing part 10 closes the access region 6.FIGS. 14 to 16 show the design of the securing part 10 in detail. As shown in FIG. 14, the securing part 10 has a plurality of receiving openings 41. In the exemplary embodiment, twelve receiving openings 41 are provided. The number of receiving openings 41 can correspond in particular to the number of holding openings 5 in a leg 33 of the holding part 4.As FIG. 16 shows, each receiving opening 41 forms a securing element 11 at its upper edge. Each receiving opening 41 has a first section 44 and the slot 23 in the exemplary embodiment.The securing part 10 has two fastening openings 42 for the bolt 16 adjacent to one end. In a longitudinal direction 43, the two fastening openings 42 are at a distance b from one another (FIG. 17 ). The distance b corresponds to the distance which the securing part 10 covers between the mounting position 20 and the securing position 21.The section 44 has a height c measured in the longitudinal direction 43. The height c corresponds in particular to a height d of a suspension section 17 of the suspension element 9 (FIG. 22 ) plus the distance b by which the securing part 10 is to be moved between its mounting position 20 and its securing position 21.As FIG. 18 shows, the securing part 10 is designed as a flat strip. In particular, the securing part 10 is a one-piece sheet metal part.FIGS. 19 to 24 show the design of the suspension part 8 in detail. The suspension part 8 has in the exemplary embodiment a plurality, in the exemplary embodiment exactly twelve, suspension elements 9. Each suspension element 9 comprises the suspension section 17, a holding section 18 extending downward from the suspension section 17 and a fixing section 19 extending upward from the suspension section 17. The holding portion 18 is formed in a beveled manner adjacent to the suspension slot 22 on the side which first engages with the holding part 4 in order to form an insertion bevel 55. The suspension slot 22 engages over the holding part 4 in the fastened state 24. the holding part 4 projects into the suspension slot 22 in the fastened state 24.The suspension portion 17 is the portion which is arranged in the holding opening 5 in the suspended state of the suspension part 8. As FIG. 22 shows, the suspension section 17 has the height d measured parallel to the longitudinal direction 48.In FIG. 23, a recess 14 is shown enlarged. The recess 14 is open to the side remote from the fastening section 34, so that the recess 14 can be placed over supply lines 13 or the like during the mounting of the element 2 to be fastened on the supporting structure 3. The height of the cutout 14 is selected in such a way that the cutout 14 does not touch the supply lines 13 even when the element 2 to be fastened is displaced in the direction of the arrow 26 (FIG. 4 ). In the position shown in FIG. 5, the holding section 18 engages over the associated leg 33 of the holding part 4 and over the securing part 10, and as a result the suspension part 8 is fixed in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 40 of the holding part 4 (FIG. 9 ).As shown in FIG. 22, the fixing portion 19 has an insertion slope 47. At the insertion bevel 47, the fixing section 19 does not run parallel to a longitudinal direction 48 of the suspension part 8, but instead is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction 48 by an angle α. The angle α is measured in particular with respect to the direction of movement 27 (FIG. 5 ) of the securing part 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the direction of movement 27 extends in the longitudinal direction 48. the angle α can be, for example, 2° to 45°, in particular 5° to 25°. The inclination ensures that the securing part 10 cannot remain hanging on the end face of the suspension element 9 during the displacement in the direction of movement 27 (FIG. 5 ), but rather securely engages over the fixing portion 19. In the securing position 21 of the securing part 10, the fixing portion 19 secures the securing part 10 in the direction transverse, in the exemplary embodiment perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 48 of the suspension part 8. the longitudinal direction 48 of the suspension part 8 is parallel to the direction of movement 27 of the securing part 10 (FIG. 5 ).As FIG. 24 shows, the suspension leg 36 has a distance e from the fastening section 34 measured in the direction perpendicular to the fastening section 34. The suspension leg 36 is offset relative to the fastening section 34 in the direction of the supporting structure 3.FIG. 25 shows an alternative embodiment variant of a fastening system 1. the fastening system 1 shown in FIG. 25 comprises a holding part 4 and a suspension part 8 and a securing part 10, respectively. two such fastening systems 1 are shown in FIG. 25. The two suspension legs 36 of a suspension part 8 are suspended in the two legs 33 of the holding part 4. The suspension part 8 does not have a leg 35 which forms a supporting structure 29. The support in the horizontal direction is effected only via the holding part 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the suspension part 8 engages over the holding part 4. The fastening system 1 shown in FIG. 25 can be provided in particular for elements to be fastened whose width measured in the horizontal direction in the installed state is greater than their height measured in the vertical direction in the installed state. Because each suspension part 8 has two suspension legs 36 with suspension elements 9, relatively large forces can be transmitted even at a comparatively low height of the suspension part 8. Compared to the embodiment variant shown in the preceding figures, twice the number of suspension elements 9 results with respect to the height of the suspension part 8.As illustrated, an additional covering element 49 can be provided between adjacent elements 2 to be fastened, which covering element covers a gap formed between the elements to be fastened and is fixed on the rear side of one of the elements 2 to be fastened.The suspension part 8 from FIG. 25 is illustrated in FIGS. 26 to 29. The suspension part 8 has suspension elements 9 formed on the two suspension legs 36. In the exemplary embodiment, five suspension elements 9 are provided on each suspension leg 36. The suspension elements 9 protrude from the suspension legs 36 towards each other.FIGS. 30 and 31 show the configuration of the upper terminal assembly 32 (FIG. 30 ) and the lower terminal assembly 31 (FIG. 31 ). A terminal plate 50 is fixed to the upper connection arrangement 32, which cover plate overlaps the upper edge of the element 2 to be fastened. The holding part 4 is fixed to the supporting structure 3 by means of fastening elements 51, for example fastening screws. The suspension part 8 is fixed to the element 2 to be fastened by fastening elements 52, for example undercut dowels. Other suitable fastening means can also be provided.As FIG. 31 shows, a closure plate 53 fixed to the element 2 to be fastened engages over the lower connection arrangement 31.In the exemplary embodiments, the holding parts 4 are arranged on the supporting structure 3 and the suspension parts 8 are arranged on the elements 8 to be fastened. A reverse arrangement, i.e. the fixing of the holding parts 4 to the elements 2 to be fastened and the arrangement of the suspension parts 8 on the supporting structure 3, can also be advantageous. In this case, the holding openings 5 and suspension elements 9 are adapted in particular such that suspension of the elements 2 to be fastened vertically and downwards and movement of the securing part 10 from the mounting position 20 into the securing position 21 downwards is possible. Other directions of movement of the elements, in particular horizontal movements, can also be advantageous. For this purpose, the longitudinal directions 40 and 48 of the holding part 4 and the suspension part 8 can be aligned in particular horizontally.Figures 32 to 36 show an arrangement with an alternative fastening system 1. like reference numerals designate corresponding elements in all figures. Regarding elements not described in more detail, reference is made to the description of the preceding exemplary embodiments in order to avoid repetitions.As the figures show, the suspension elements 9 in this exemplary embodiment do not have a holding section 19. The suspension elements 9 have the suspension section 17 and the fixing section 19. The fixing section 19 secures the securing part 10 in the securing position 21, as shown in FIG. 36.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 32 to 36, the holding openings 5 of the holding part 4 and the receiving openings 41 of the securing part 10 have additional insertion slopes 56, 57, 58, 59 which are shown in the enlarged representation of FIG. 33 a.The retaining opening 55 has an insertion bevel 56 on its side which is situated at the top in the installed state. The insertion bevel 56 encloses an angle β with the direction shown by the arrow 25. The direction represented by the arrow 25 is a first direction of movement of the holding element 9 during the insertion into the holding opening 5 and during the movement through the access region 6. The insertion bevel 58 encloses the angle β with the direction shown by the arrow 25 in the exemplary embodiment.The angle β is in particular more than 5°, in particular more than 25°. In particular, the angle β is at most 65°, in particular at most 45°.The retaining opening 5 has an insertion bevel 57 on its side lying at the bottom in the installed state. The insertion bevel 57 adjoins the holding region 7. The insertion bevel 57 encloses an angle γ with the direction shown by the arrow 26. The direction represented by the arrow 26 is a second direction of movement of the holding element 9 when it is inserted into the holding region 7 of the holding opening 5, and the securing part 10 has an insertion bevel 59 on the receiving opening 41, namely on the underside of the receiving opening 41. The insertion bevel 59 encloses the angle γ with the direction shown by the arrow 26 in the exemplary embodiment.The angle γ is in particular more than 5°, in particular more than 25°. In particular, the angle γ is at most 65°, in particular at most 45°.As FIGS. 32 to 36 show, the edges at the holding opening 5 and the receiving opening 41 can be rounded.The angles β and γ at the insertion slopes 56, 57, 58, 59 can be of the same size or of different sizes. The lead-in slopes 56 and 58 can also have angles β of different sizes. The lead-in slopes 57 and 59 can also have angles γ of different sizes.In all exemplary embodiments, the elements 2 to be fastened have their greatest extent, in particular in the vertical direction or in the horizontal direction. However, another arrangement of the greatest extent can also be advantageous.In the exemplary embodiments, the suspension part 8, the securing part 10 and the holding part 4 are at least partially, in particular completely, made of metal. The suspension part 8, the securing part 10 and the holding part 4 are produced from sheet metal, in particular as bent sheet metal parts. The suspension part 8, the securing part 10 and the holding part 4 can consist at least partially, in particular completely, of steel. In particular, the suspension part 8, the securing part 10 and the holding part 4 consist at least partially, in particular completely, of stainless metal, in particular stainless steel and / or have a coating with corrosion protection.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedEP 3 306 007 B1

[0002]

Claims

Fastening system for fastening at least one element (2) to be fastened in a releasable manner, in particular a planar element, to a supporting structure (3), in particular to a wall, wherein the fastening system (1) has at least one holding part (4) with at least one holding opening (5) and at least one suspension part (8) with at least one suspension element (9), wherein the suspension element (9) is arranged in the holding opening (5) in a fastening state (24) of the fastening system (1) in which the suspension part (8) is held on the holding part (4), characterized in that the fastening system (1) has at least one securing part (10) which is adjustable between an installation position (20) and a securing position (21), wherein the suspension element (9) can be removed from the retaining opening (5) in the mounting position (20), and wherein the suspension element (9) is secured in the securing position (21) by a securing element (11) of the securing part (10) in at least one direction against removal from the retaining opening (5).Fastening system according to claim 1, characterised in that the holding part (4) and the securing part (10) secure the suspension element (9) in the securing position (21) of the securing part (10) in all spatial directions against removal from the holding opening (5).Fastening system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening system (1) has a multiplicity of retaining openings (5), a multiplicity of associated suspension elements (9) and a multiplicity of associated securing elements (11).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two suspension elements (9) are formed on a common suspension part (8), wherein the suspension part (8) is formed in particular as a rail.Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two retaining openings (5) are formed on a common retaining part (4), the retaining part (4) being formed in particular as a rail.Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two securing elements (11) are formed on a common securing part (10), wherein the securing part (10) is formed in particular as a strip.Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the securing part (10) is designed to be moved along the holding part (4) between the mounting position (20) and the securing position (21).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastening system (1) has means for fixing the securing part (10) in the mounting position (20) and / or in the securing position (21).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the suspension element (9) has a suspension slot (22) which, in the fastened state (24) of the fastening system (1), engages over the holding part (4).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the suspension element (9) has a fixing portion (19) which holds the securing part (10) in the securing position (21) in a direction which runs transversely with respect to a movement direction (27) in which the securing part (10) moves from the mounting position (20) to the securing position (21).Fastening system according to claim 10, characterised in that the fixing portion (19) is formed in a bevelled manner and forms an insertion bevel (47) for the securing part (10) during the displacement of the securing part (10) from the mounting position (20) into the securing position (21).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the fastening system (1), in particular the suspension part (8), has a supporting structure (29) which is designed to support the element (2) to be fastened in the direction of the supporting structure (3).Fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the supporting structure (29) is formed on a longitudinal edge of the suspension part (8).Assembly of a fastening system according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and at least two elements (2) to be fastened, wherein at least one securing part (10) is provided for each element (2) of the assembly to be fastened.Arrangement of a fastening system according to one of Claims 1 to 13, at least one element (2) to be fastened in a releasable manner and a supporting structure (3), wherein one of the parts of the holding part (4) and the suspension part (8) is fixed to the element (2) to be fastened and the other of the parts of the holding part (4) and the suspension part (8) is fixed to the supporting structure (3), and wherein the securing element (11), in the securing position (21) of the securing part (10), secures the suspension element (9) at least in a direction which corresponds to a movement of the element (2) to be fastened upwards.

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