Solid jacket centrifuge

Abstract

Solid-jacket centrifuge (1) for centrifugal processing of a suspension (Su) in which the suspension (Su) is separated into at least one or more light liquid phases (FI1, FI2) and at least one heavy solid-like phase, in particular a sludge phase or a solid phase Fe, which has at least the following: a. a frame and / or a housing (100), b. a drum (210) rotatable relative to the frame or housing (100) with a rotation axis A which has an internal separation space (216), c. an inlet (217) with an inlet pipe (219) through which the suspension (Su) to be processed can be conveyed into the separation chamber (216) of the drum (210), d. at least one or more liquid outlets (212a, 212b) through which the at least one or more light liquid phases (FI1, FI2) are drained from the drum (210), and e. at least one solid discharge (211) through which the at least heavy solid-like phase (Fe) is discharged from the drum, characterized in that f. the drum (210) has at least over part of its axial length with respect to its axis of rotation (A) a double conical inner contour (213) with at least one or more inlet-side and liquid-outlet-side conical section(s) (214a, 214b) and with one or more solids-outlet-side conical section(s) (215), g. the solids discharge side conical section (215) is axially shorter than the liquid discharge side conical sections (214a, 214b), and h. an insert is inserted into the drum (210) which is rotationally fixed to the drum (210), wherein the insert is designed as a weir disc (230) which has a maximum diameter (D S ) exhibits a length greater than the maximum length (L S) of the defensive disc (230) in the axial direction, wherein the defensive disc (230) has at least in its radially outer ring region a simply conical outer surface and a substantially planar outer surface or two planar outer surfaces.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a solid-jacket centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] In a solid-wall screw centrifuge, during centrifugal processing of a suspension (Su) in a centrifugal field, a heavy, solid-like phase – often a solid phase (Fe) or sludge phase – collects on the inner circumference of the centrifuge drum. The solid phase is transported by a screw from the cylindrical section of the drum to the conical section and then on to the solid discharge openings at the end of the conical section.

[0003] For this purpose, the screw is driven at a differential speed relative to the drum, so that the screw helix mechanically pushes the solid material towards the discharge openings. The screw is mounted inside the drum. The magnitude of the differential speed and the pitch of the screw helix influence the speed of solid material transport to the discharge openings.

[0004] This type of solid-wall screw centrifuge has proven itself in practice for many years; however, the manufacturing of the screw, especially the screw helix, is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the screw must be mounted on a rotating bearing within the drum. The centrifuge's drive system must also be designed so that the drum and the screw are driven independently, and the screw rotates at a different speed than the drum during operation.

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide a solid-jacket centrifuge which has advantageous separation properties - preferably similar to those of a conventional solid-jacket screw centrifuge - but in which the transport of the heavy phase is carried out with fewer rotating components.

[0006] The invention solves this problem through the subject matter of claim 1.

[0007] Accordingly, a solid-jacket centrifuge is created for the centrifugal processing of a suspension Su, in which the suspension is separated into at least one or more light liquid phases and at least one heavy solid-like phase, in particular a sludge phase or a solid phase, which has at least the following: a frame and / or a housing, a drum rotatable relative to the frame or housing with an axis of rotation, which has an internal separation space, an inlet with an inlet pipe through which the suspension to be processed can be directed into the separation space of the drum, at least one or more liquid outlets through which the at least one or more light liquid phases are discharged from the drum, and at least one solid discharge through which the at least heavy solid-like phase is discharged from the drum.

[0008] It is further provided that the drum has, at least over part of its axial length relative to its axis of rotation, a double conical inner contour with at least one or more inlet-side and liquid-outlet-side conical section(s) and with one or more solids-discharge-side conical section(s), wherein the solids-discharge-side conical section is axially shorter than the inlet-side and liquid-outlet-side conical section(s), and wherein an insert is inserted into the drum which is rotationally fixed to the drum, wherein the insert is designed as a weir disc which has a maximum diameter which is greater than the maximum length of the weir disc in the axial direction.wherein the defensive disc has at least in its radially outer ring area a simply conical outer surface and a substantially flat outer surface or two flat outer surfaces.

[0009] The terms conical sections, conical inner contour, conical outer contour, and conical outer surface encompass a fully conical design, but also a conical design of the corresponding contour area that is at least partially conical, particularly over more than 50%, and especially over more than 80% of the axial length. The cone angle can be constant, but it can also change. The conical sections can, for example, transition into cylindrical or tube-like sections at their ends.

[0010] The term "solids discharge" should also not be interpreted too narrowly. It describes the discharge from the drum of a heavier phase of the separation process, in particular a sludge or solid phase that is still somewhat moist.

[0011] Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, it can be advantageously provided that the drum's inner diameter initially tapers in the conical section on the solids discharge side at an angle of β ≥ 45° from a maximum inner diameter D towards the solids discharge, and that a tubular section adjoins this conical section.

[0012] According to claim 1 and optionally claim 2, a rotating screw can be omitted in a simple design manner, requiring only a single drive – for the drum. An additional screw drive can be eliminated. This creates a solid-bowl centrifuge that possesses advantageous separation properties similar to those of a conventional solid-bowl screw centrifuge, but is more cost-effective to manufacture.

[0013] It has proven advantageous if the maximum outer diameter of the weir disc D S smaller than the maximum inner diameter D T the drum, so that an annular-gap-like constriction forms in the separation space between the weir disc and the drum. With this design, the flow conditions in the drum can be particularly advantageously influenced to optimize the centrifugal separation process.

[0014] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention which further optimizes this separation process, it can then be provided that a cross-sectional plane of the maximum outer diameter of the weir disc coincides with a cross-sectional plane of the maximum inner diameter of the inner contour of the drum at the narrow point, and it can be provided that the weir disc has a maximum axial length that is less than 20% of the length of the inner conical sections of the drum.

[0015] Furthermore, according to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the tapering of the inner contour of the drum on the liquid discharge side relative to the weir disc can be achieved in one or more conical sections at an angle α1 or, optionally, α2 of 3° to 90° to the axis of rotation A, preferably at an angle α1 or, optionally, α2 of 3° to 45°. This allows the geometry of the drum to be further optimally adapted to the respective requirements for separating the suspension Su. It can then be further advantageously provided that β > α1 and β > α2.

[0016] The drum can also have a simple or double conical shape on the outside, which is advantageous in terms of its manufacture but not essential for its functionality. Preferably, the drum is rotatable by a drive motor, in particular an electric or hydraulic motor, and is rotated during operation.

[0017] According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the weir disc is connected to the drum in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more connecting spokes and / or the weir disc is connected to the drum in a rotationally fixed manner via a connection to the inlet pipe. This type(s) of connection provides a method of rotationally fixed connection between the insert and the drum that is simple to implement in manufacturing.

[0018] According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, which further optimizes the flow in the drum, it can be provided that a conical tip is formed in the region of the radial center of the weir disc towards the outflow side, which tapers towards the solids discharge and extends to a maximum diameter that is less than half the maximum diameter of the weir disc.

[0019] According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the separation chamber has, starting from the maximum inner diameter of the drum, a first separation chamber section on the side of the inlet and the liquid outlet and a second separation chamber section on the side of the solids discharge, so that the separation chamber is divided axially from the maximum inner diameter into a separation zone and a discharge section for the solids.

[0020] It is then preferred that the solid-bowl centrifuge includes a control and / or regulating device. The control and / or regulating device can preferably be designed as a control unit for the centrifuge. It can include a microprocessor and a data storage device, as well as connections to actuators and / or sensors, and preferably also a data input device and a display. It can be equipped with a computer program designed to control and / or regulate the operation of the centrifuge. The control or regulating device can be located at the location of the centrifuge or at another location.

[0021] In a further advantageous embodiment, a controllable feed pump is provided in the inlet for supplying the suspension Su to the drum. This pump can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device. The feed can be continuous or discontinuous. It is also advantageous to provide that the inlet pipe is mechanically sealed against the drum in such a way that an inlet pressure can be built up in the separation chamber of the drum by appropriately controlling the feed pump. This is an advantageous measure for controlling the solid-jacket centrifuge so that it can effectively perform its separation task during operation.

[0022] In a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge of the one or two separated light liquid phases from the first separation chamber section outside the drum can be carried out via a respective non-rotating drain pipe, which is sealed against the drum of the solid-jacket centrifuge. It is then advantageous and expedient if a controllable device, in particular a controllable regulating valve or a controllable positive displacement pump, is arranged in each respective non-rotating drain pipe, which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device in such a way that the pressure in the respective non-rotating drain pipe can be changed and adjusted by the controllable device via the control and / or regulating device. This, too, is an advantageous measure for controlling the solid-jacket centrifuge so that it can effectively perform its separation task during operation.

[0023] The controllable device, preferably the actuator (control valve or positive displacement pump) in the respective discharge pipe, allows both the flow rate and the pressure at which the lighter liquid phase leaves the separation chamber to be advantageously and easily adjusted to the specific requirements. In particular, the pressure can be easily adjusted so that the pressure in the first separation chamber section is always high enough to force the heavier solid phase through the constriction across the maximum diameter of the weir disc and, if necessary, out of the drum.

[0024] In a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge of the separated heavy solid phase from the second separation chamber section can be carried out via a non-rotating solid-side discharge line, which can be sealed off from the drum. Furthermore, a controllable device, in particular a controllable pump, can be arranged in the solid-side discharge line and connected to the control and / or regulating device. The pressure in this solid-side discharge line upstream of the pump can be changed and adjusted by actuating the controllable device with the control and / or regulating device. In this way, the pressure in the second solid-side separation chamber section of the drum can be adjusted. This is also an advantageous measure for controlling the solid-jacket centrifuge so that it can effectively perform its separation task during operation.By adjusting the pressure in the second drain line, the residence time of the solid in the separation chamber can be advantageously and easily determined.

[0025] According to a further preferred embodiment, the pressure in the first drain pipe(s) on the liquid side can be in the range of 1 to 6 bar, or set to this range. This ensures that the pressure on the liquid side, and thus also in the first separation chamber section, is high enough to effectively convey the heavy solid phase Fe through the constriction (or, if applicable, via the weir plate arranged therein) out of the drum.

[0026] In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure in the discharge line from the solids side is regulated to a range of -1 to +1 bar. A negative discharge pressure facilitates the discharge of the heavy solid phase (Fe) by drawing it out of the solid-bowl centrifuge. This allows for easy adjustment of the residence time of the solid phase in the separation chamber and thus simple control of the dryness level of the solid phase.

[0027] In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pump in the discharge line for solids removal is designed as a positive displacement pump. This makes the pump advantageously self-priming and, by its design, allows it to build up pressure in the second discharge line.

[0028] Optionally, there can also be an additional solids discharge outlet – for example, in the area of ​​the largest inner diameter – which can be opened and closed again and is intended for larger solid particles.

[0029] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing and exemplary embodiments. Features described in connection with these exemplary embodiments can also be used in other embodiments of the invention (not shown) and are therefore also suitable as features for claims. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 A schematic sectional view of a solid-jacket centrifuge according to the invention with a horizontal axis of rotation.

[0030] The following description of the figures describes an embodiment of a solid-jacket centrifuge. Features of this embodiment are suitable not only in their entirety, but also individually, for the further development of the items described in one or more of the main and dependent claims.

[0031] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a solid-wall centrifuge 1 for processing a product – a suspension Su – in a centrifugal field. This solid-wall centrifuge 1 has a frame that does not rotate during operation, which can be designed as a housing 100, and a rotor 200 with a drum 210 that rotates during operation. The drum 210 is designed as a solid-wall drum. It is preferably made of metal or plastic.

[0032] The drum 210 is set into a rotary motion by a single drive device 400. The drive device 400 is preferably designed as an electric motor. However, it can also be designed differently, e.g., as a hydraulic drive. The drive device 400 is coupled to the drum 210, e.g., via a belt drive 401 or directly. Optionally, the drive device can include a gearbox (not shown here).

[0033] The drum 210 is rotatably mounted in the frame by one or more – here two – bearings 402, 403. The drum 210 preferably has a horizontal axis of rotation A. However, the axis of rotation A can also be oriented differently – in particular vertically – in space.

[0034] In the rotating drum 210 of the solid-jacket centrifuge 1, the incoming suspension Su is separated in the separation chamber into at least one heavy solid-like phase - often a still flowable, sludgy solid phase Fe - and into at least one or more - here two - liquid phase(s) FI1, FI2.

[0035] The solid-bowl centrifuge 1 has an inlet 217 for the suspension, at least one solids outlet 211, and at least one or more liquid outlets 212a, 212b. Two solids outlets for different solid phases can also be provided. One can then serve to discharge the still free-flowing, sludgy solid phase Fe, and the other (not shown here) can, for example, be used to remove larger solid particles.

[0036] The suspension Su is supplied to the drum 210 by means of a feed pump 218, which pumps into a central feed pipe 219 on the outlet side.

[0037] The drum 210 has an at least doubly conical or even multiply conical inner contour 213 with several differently conical sections or segments.

[0038] The drum diameter tapers from a maximum diameter D T The drum diameter tapers in opposite directions both towards the discharge side of the heavy phase and towards the discharge side of the light phase. More precisely, the drum diameter advantageously tapers in one or more – here two – liquid-discharge-side conical sections 214a, 214b (214a and b: together length L1) from the maximum inner diameter D. T - with reference to the inner contour 213 of the drum 210 - in the axial direction towards the liquid outlet 212 and in one or more - here one - second conical section 215 from the maximum inner diameter D T towards the solids discharge 211.

[0039] The tapering on the side of the heavy phase (length L2) in the solids discharge-side conical section 215 preferably and advantageously occurs at an angle β between 45° and 90° to the axis of rotation A. The tapering on the side of the light phase (section L1) in the two liquid discharge-side conical sections 214a, 214b preferably and advantageously occurs at angles α1 and α2 of 0° to 90° to the axis of rotation A, preferably at angles α1 of 3° to 30° and α2 of 30° to 70°. Furthermore, α1 < α2 applies here. According to the illustrated embodiment, it can also be provided that β > α1 and β > α2 in order to achieve advantageous flow conditions in the drum 210.

[0040] The drum 210 can also be designed with a correspondingly double conical outer surface. This makes it particularly easy to manufacture. The drum 210 can also have a cylindrical, tube-like section / extension 2141 at one or both ends.

[0041] In the drum 210, instead of a rotatable screw, an insert in the form of a rotating weir disc 230 is arranged. The insert is referred to as a "disc" because the maximum axial length L S The fire service disc 230 is smaller than its maximum diameter D S The fire alarm disc 230 is preferably designed to be flat on one side and conical on the other, at least in an annular outer section. The fire alarm disc 230 is preferably made of metal or plastic.

[0042] On its upstream side 2301 (flow here from the right) and / or its downstream side 2302 (flow here to the left), the weir disc 230 can accordingly have a simple conical (conical) outer contour over more than 50% of its diameter, which is advantageous but not mandatory.

[0043] On the downstream side 2302, the weir disc 230 can, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, run perpendicular or almost perpendicular (angle to the axis of rotation A greater than 80°) to the axis of rotation A over the essential part of its outer diameter (over more than 50% of its outer diameter).

[0044] The geometry or the outer surfaces “upstream side 2301” and / or “downstream side 2302” of the weir disc 230 can therefore preferably be conical on one side or flat on both sides.

[0045] Radially outwards, the weir disc 230 can taper continuously around its circumference over the substantial part of its outer diameter. It can do so in the region of its maximum diameter D. S exhibit their smallest axial length.

[0046] It is preferred that the weir disc 230 has a maximum axial length that is less than 20% and possibly even less than 10% of the length L1 plus L2 of the inner conical sections of the drum 210. This allows for a large separation space that is well suited for centrifugal separation.

[0047] Optionally, a conical tip 2303 can preferably be provided in the region of the radial center of the weir disc 2030 on its downstream side 2302, tapering towards the solids discharge 211. This conical tip 2303 can extend to a maximum diameter that is less than half the maximum diameter of the weir disc 230.

[0048] The weir disc 230 can be radially connected inwards on its upstream side 2301 to an axial end region of the rotating inlet pipe 219 and / or can be connected to the drum 210 via one or more spokes 2304, here via axially aligned spokes 2304. It thus rotates together with the drum 210. The spokes are optional; they are not mandatory.

[0049] A separation space 216 is formed between the two outer contours of the inlet pipe 219 and the weir disc 2030 on the one hand and the inner contour of the drum 210 on the other.

[0050] The maximum outer diameter D S The defensive disc 230 is smaller than the maximum inner contour D Tthe drum 210 (in the area of ​​its largest inner diameter), so that an annular separation gap is formed as constriction 226 in the radially narrowest area of ​​the separation space 216 between the weir disk 230 and the inner wall of the drum 210.

[0051] Radially on the outside of the rotating feed pipe 219, one or more radially and axially extending, rib-like guide elements 2191 can be arranged, distributed around the circumference. These guide elements accelerate the suspension exiting the feed pipe 219 in the region of at least one radial outlet 2192 within the separation chamber 216. The radial outlet(s) 2192 from the feed pipe 219 are preferably distributed around the circumference between the guide elements 2191.

[0052] The weir disc 230 rotates with the rotatable inlet pipe 219 and / or via the spokes 2034 with the drum 210. These elements thus rotate at a uniform speed. The weir disc 230, as the insert, therefore rotates synchronously with the drum 210. The solid-jacket centrifuge 1 is thus screwless, i.e., it has no screw that rotates relative to the drum 210 during operation.

[0053] Therefore, a bearing for the weir disk 230 in the drum 210 – analogous to a screw – as in conventional solid-wall screw centrifuges is not required. Furthermore, a drive for the screw or a gearbox to generate a differential speed between the drum 210 and the screw is also not required.

[0054] The solids discharge side conical tip 2303 can be designed to be very short axially, just as the solids discharge side conical section 215 of the drum 210 is designed to be very short axially relative to the feed side conical sections 214.

[0055] The inlet pipe 219 can be sealed against the housing 100 and the drum shell of the drum 210, so that the inlet pump 218 can build up an inlet pressure in the separation chamber of the drum via the inlet pipe 219. A seal 225 serves this purpose.

[0056] The first (here right, inner) liquid inlet and outlet-side separation chamber section 2161 is in fluid communication with the inlet 217 for the suspension Su and with a first outlet line 2121 for a lighter liquid phase FI1, or optionally also with a second outlet line 2122 for a further heavier liquid phase FI2. The other separation chamber section 2162 of the separation chamber 216 is in fluid communication with the solids discharge 211. The rotating outlet lines 2121, 2122 within the drum 210 can be arranged concentrically around the inlet pipe 219 and have open, ring-shaped inlets of different diameters for liquid phases of different densities. The outlet lines 2121, 2122 open into the liquid outlets 212a, b at the liquid discharge-side end of the drum 210.

[0057] A first and a second drain pipe 2123, 2124 for the liquid phases FI1 and FI2 outside the drum 210, connected to the drain lines 2121, 2122 inside the drum 210, can also be sealed against the housing 100 and the drum shell of the drum 210 of the decanter. Seals can be provided in the respective areas.

[0058] The separated heavier, solid-like phase Fe can be discharged from the second separation chamber section 2162 through a solid-side, pipe-like discharge line 222, which can also be sealed against the housing 100 and the drum shell of the drum 210. A seal 224 serves this purpose.

[0059] In a first and an optional second drain pipe 2123, 2124 outside the drum, a control valve 21231, 21241 or a positive displacement pump can be arranged, so that the pressure in these drain pipes 2123, 2124 can be set by a control and / or regulating device 300 connected to the control valve(s). This respective drain pressure in the drain pipes 2123, 2124 is typically in the range of 1 to 6 bar.

[0060] Positive displacement pumps, specifically pumps 218 and 223, can be arranged in the inlet 217 and preferably also in the tubular outlet line 222 for the solid phase. A control and / or regulating device 300 can be connected to each of these pumps and is programmed to regulate the pressure, particularly in the outlet line 222. This outlet pressure is typically in the range of -1 to +1 bar. A negative back pressure means that the pump speed is set to assist the discharge of the heavy solid phase, i.e., pump 223 draws the heavy solid phase out of the decanter. A positive back pressure means that the pump speed is set to slow the discharge of the heavy phase, i.e., pump 223 delays the discharge of the heavy phase from the decanter and thus extends its residence time in the solid-jacket centrifuge.The design thus offers the great advantage that the degree of dryness of the solid phase can be easily influenced.

[0061] During centrifugal continuous separation, the free-flowing suspension to be separated is pumped through the feed pipe 219 into the rotating drum 210. Inside the drum 210, the suspension is separated in the centrifugal field into a heavier liquid phase and at least one, in this case a first and a second liquid phase FI1, FI2.

[0062] In the area of ​​the largest diameter D T The radial acceleration of the drum 210 during operation, i.e. at operating speed, is between 1000 and 7000 g (g = 9.81 m / s²). 2 The heavy, solid-like phase is transported to the largest diameter in the separation chamber, while the liquid phases FI1, FI2 remain as lighter phase(s) at smaller diameter(s).

[0063] The inflowing suspension in the inlet pipe 219 and the centrifugal force in the rotating drum 210 build up pressure in the liquid phases FI1 and FI2 in the separation chamber 216. The back pressure in the outlet of the heavy solid-like phase Fe is relatively low (see above), so that the heavy solid-like phase Fe is forced over the weir plate 230.

[0064] The pressure of the inlet pump 218 must be set so that the hydrostatic pressure in the separation chamber 216 is overcome in order to be able to supply the suspension Su into it.

[0065] In the area of ​​the largest inner diameter D T The drum 210 can optionally be equipped with one or more openable and resealable openings for the discharge of relatively heavy solids with a relatively large diameter. These can be briefly opened, for example, to release larger solids (not shown here).

[0066] The seals, such as 224, 225, can advantageously be designed, for example, as mechanical seals.

[0067] The respective connection paths (shown with dashed lines) can be designed as wireless or wired connection lines, data channels, or the like. They can allow for energy and / or data transmission.

[0068] During operation, the suspension Su is first fed (pumped) into the separation chamber. Depending on the throughput and composition of the suspension Su, the pressure of the feed pump can be between 1 and 6 bar. The suspension then rotates with the drum. The design can also be such that the radial acceleration during operation, i.e., at operating speed, is concentrated in the region of the largest diameter D. T The weight of drum 210 is between 1000 g and 7000 g. The suspension is now being clarified to remove solids.

[0069] Some of the key advantages of this design are listed again below: - a rotating screw is not required; only the insert 230, which is significantly easier to manufacture compared to a screw, is needed and is attached in the drum 210; - only one drive 400 is required for the drum 210; an additional worm drive can be omitted; - bearing the screw in the drum 210 is also not required, since the insert 230 is rotationally fixed to the drum 210 and thus rotates synchronously with the drum 210; - a gearbox to generate a differential speed between drum 210 and the worm is therefore also not required; - no centripetal pump is required for the discharge of the liquid phase FI; and - Due to the hermetic design of the centrifuge, the construction according to the invention meets high hygienic requirements.

[0070] These advantages do not all have to be fulfilled simultaneously, but they are particularly well achieved in the embodiment shown. Reference symbol list 1 solid-jacket centrifuge 100 cases 200 Rotor 210 drum 211 Solids discharge 212a, b Liquid drainage 2121, 2122 Drainage line 2123, 2124 Drain pipe 21231, 21241 Control valve 213 Inner contour 214a, 214b conical sections 2141 Pipe section 215 conical section 216 Separation space 2161 first separation space section 2162 Derivative section 217 Inflow 218 Inlet pump 219 Inlet pipe 2191 guide elements 2192 Exit 222 Drain pipe 223 Pump 224 Seal 225 Seal 226 Narrow point 230 Wehrscheibe 2301 Upstream side 2302 Outflow side 2303 Cone tip 2304 spokes 300 Control and / or regulating device 400 drive device 401 Belt drive 402 warehouses 403 warehouses A axis of rotation Su Suspension Fe solid phase FI1, FI2 Liquid phases D T largest inner diameter drum D S largest diameter weir disc L S greatest axial length weir disc L1 length L2 length α1, α2 angles β angle

Claims

[1] Solid-jacket centrifuge (1) for centrifugal processing of a suspension (Su) in which the suspension (Su) is separated into at least one or more light liquid phases (FI1, FI2) and at least one heavy solid-like phase, in particular a sludge phase or a solid phase Fe, which has at least the following: a. a frame and / or a housing (100), b. a drum (210) rotatable relative to the frame or housing (100) with a rotation axis A which has an internal separation space (216), c. an inlet (217) with an inlet pipe (219) through which the suspension (Su) to be processed can be conveyed into the separation chamber (216) of the drum (210), d. at least one or more liquid outlets (212a, 212b) through which the at least one or more light liquid phases (FI1, FI2) are drained from the drum (210), and e. at least one solid discharge (211) through which the at least heavy solid-like phase (Fe) is discharged from the drum, characterized by , that f. the drum (210) has at least over part of its axial length with respect to its axis of rotation (A) a double conical inner contour (213) with at least one or more inlet-side and liquid-outlet-side conical section(s) (214a, 214b) and with one or more solids-outlet-side conical section(s) (215), g. the solids discharge side conical section (215) is axially shorter than the liquid discharge side conical sections (214a, 214b), and h. an insert is inserted into the drum (210) which is rotationally fixed to the drum (210), wherein the insert is designed as a weir disc (230) which has a maximum diameter (D S ) exhibits a length greater than the maximum length (L S) of the defensive disc (230) in the axial direction, wherein the defensive disc (230) has at least in its radially outer ring region a simply conical outer surface and a substantially planar outer surface or two planar outer surfaces. [2] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the drum inner diameter tapers in the solids discharge side conical section (215) at an angle of β ≥ 45° from a maximum inner diameter D to the solids discharge (211) and that a tubular section follows this conical section (215). [3] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that a maximum outer diameter D S the weir disc (230) is smaller than the maximum inner diameter D T the drum (210), so that an annular gap-like constriction (226) is formed in the separation space (216) between the weir disk (230) and the drum (210). [4] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by , that a cross-sectional plane of the maximum outer diameter D S the weir disc (230) with a cross-sectional plane of maximum diameter D T the inner contour of the drum (210) coincides at the narrow point (226). [5] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the tapering of the inner contour of the drum (210) on the inlet-side and liquid-outlet-side side(s) relative to the weir disc (230) takes place in one or more conical sections (214a, 214b) at an angle α1 or, if applicable, α2 of 3° to 90° to the axis of rotation A, preferably at an angle α1 or, if applicable, α2 of 3° to 45°. [6] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that β > α1 and β > α2. [7] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the weir disk (230) has a maximum axial length which is less than 20% of the length (L1 plus L2) of the inner conical sections of the drum (210). [8] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the weir disc (230) is connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more connecting spokes (2304) and / or that the weir disc (230) is connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner via a connection to the inlet pipe (219). [9] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a cone tip (2303) is formed in the region of the radial center of the weir disk (2030) towards the outflow side (2302), which tapers towards the solids discharge (211) and extends to a maximum diameter that is less than half the maximum diameter of the weir disk (230). [10] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the separation space (216) has, starting from the maximum inner diameter D, a first separation space section (2161) on the side of the inlet (217) and the liquid outlet (212) and a discharge section (2162) on the side of the solids discharge (211). [11] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that it has a control and / or regulating device (300). [12] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that radially outside on the inlet pipe (219), which is rotatable during operation, one or more circumferentially distributed, radially and axially extending, rib-like guide elements (2191) are arranged, with which the suspension exiting the inlet pipe (219) in the area of ​​at least one radial outlet (2192) can be accelerated in the separation chamber (216). [13] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a controllable feed pump (218) is provided in the feed (217) for supplying the suspension Su to the drum (210), which can be controlled with the control and / or regulating device (300). [14] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the inlet pipe (219) is provided to be sealed against the drum (210) in such a way that an inlet pressure can be built up in the separation chamber (216) of the drum (210) by appropriately controlling the inlet pump. [15] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the discharge of the one or two separated light liquid phases FI1, FI2 from the first separation chamber section (2161) outside the drum (210) is carried out by a respective non-rotating drain pipe (2123, 2124) which is provided to be sealed against the drum (210) of the solid jacket centrifuge (1). [16] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in each of the respective non-rotatable drain pipes (2123, 2124) a controllable device, in particular a controllable control valve (221) or a controllable positive displacement pump, is arranged, which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device (300) in such a way that the pressure in the respective non-rotatable drain pipes (2123, 2124) can be changed and adjusted by the controllable device via the control and / or regulating device (300). [17] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the discharge of the separated heavy solid phase Fe from the solid-side separation chamber section (2162) is carried out by means of a non-rotatable solid-side discharge line (222), which is provided to be sealed against the drum (210). [18] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in the solids discharge side discharge line (222) a further controllable device, in particular a controllable pump (223), is arranged which is connected to the control and / or regulating device (300), wherein the pressure in this solids discharge side discharge line (222) upstream of the pump (223) can be changed and adjusted by controlling the controllable device with the control and / or regulating device (300). [19] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pump (223) is designed as a positive displacement pump. [20] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the rotor (200) is rotatable by a drive device, in particular a single drive device (400), which preferably has an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. [21] Solid jacket centrifuge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that it is designed without screws, or that it does not have a screw that can rotate relative to the drum during operation.

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