Wooden modular construction device

Abstract

Wooden modular construction device (1) comprising a frame (2) made of wooden, interconnected frame beams (3) and corner elements (4) made of metal, wherein the wooden frame beams have a length such that the frame has the dimensions of standard shipping containers, wherein three frame beams are connected to each other at their respective ends and support a common corner element, wherein at least one corner element is designed in its dimensions as a standardized container corner.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a modular wooden building device, a building comprising such a modular wooden building device, and an arrangement of such buildings.

[0002] Cement and concrete are among the most climate-relevant building materials, making construction using wood increasingly attractive and necessary from this perspective as well. This is all the more true since planting trees contributes to reducing CO2 in the atmosphere, and the subsequent use of this wood for construction removes the stored CO2 from the carbon cycle for many decades. Finally, building with wood is a tried and tested construction method that has been used for millennia.

[0003] However, sustainable and ecologically sound timber construction methods are particularly expensive compared to the previously common construction methods using stone and concrete.

[0004] Modular construction has long been used to reduce costs and increase efficiency. In this method, three-dimensional room units are prefabricated in a factory, transported to the construction site, and assembled there to form houses. It is also known to prefabricate only planar units and assemble them into room units on site, potentially requiring only the on-site installation of floors and ceilings. These room units can already include interior fittings, installations, windows, and doors. Similar to conventional buildings, modular construction also requires a standard plot of land with an existing development plan, a standard concrete foundation specifically designed for the building, and specially planned and installed connections for electricity, water, sewage, and communications. Furthermore, relocation and reconstruction are difficult or only possible with considerable effort.

[0005] Another relevant aspect is the fact that many older people live in houses or apartments that have become too large for them over time and would like to downsize. On the other hand, young families are finding it increasingly difficult to find suitable housing at affordable rents.

[0006] Common examples include modular housing units made from steel-framed shipping containers, tiny houses, and reversibly and temporarily constructed buildings made from metal container elements, also known as container villages, which are used on large construction sites or similar locations. These typically consist of individual, specialized units such as living, sleeping, sanitary, and technical units.

[0007] Against this background, the invention aims to provide an optimized modular wood construction device.

[0008] This task is solved by a modular wooden construction device comprising a frame made of wooden, interconnected frame beams and metal corner elements, wherein the wooden frame beams have such a length that the frame has the dimensions of standard shipping containers, wherein three frame beams are connected to each other at their respective ends and support a common corner element, wherein at least one corner element is designed in its dimensions as a standardized container corner.

[0009] The arrangement according to the invention of one or more container corners on the wooden frame beams surprisingly leads to an optimized modular timber construction device.

[0010] The invention defines a wooden frame beam as any frame beam made of solid wood, glued laminated timber, a wood-based material, or a wood composite material such as WPC – in other words, a beam whose material contains a wood component. Hereinafter, the modular wooden construction device will also be referred to simply as a module.

[0011] These container corner fittings are corner brackets for ISO containers and are available as cuboid or sheet steel fittings with openings on three sides. The width of these openings can vary depending on their spatial orientation. They can also differ in the opening area and shape, as they must meet different requirements for transport or connection with other corner fittings. Together with the frame beams dimensioned according to the invention, this results in a standardized device that offers all the advantages of standardization while being easy to move and transport using existing vehicles and compatible with container corners of other modules using existing connection technology. The invention thus combines the ecological advantages of the frame beam material with the logistical advantages of container corners and the standardization advantages of standard-sized elements.

[0012] The invention is extremely cost-effective due to the consistent standardization of the building components. Such a building can be easily enlarged, reduced in size, and modified. For example, it can be constructed as terraced or row buildings, or as freestanding structures, or as a village complex. Thanks to its container-like design, it can be easily disassembled into individual modules, loaded onto existing trucks, and relocated, thus providing a basis for cost-effective housing while allowing for creative design freedom.

[0013] In a further development of the invention, the frame is provided to have at least twelve frame beams and eight container corners, in particular such that they form a cuboid body. Such a body corresponds to the aforementioned ISO containers or sea freight containers. Fewer than eight container corners may be provided, provided that the existing container corners still allow for the safe transport of the respective modular timber construction device.

[0014] In this embodiment of the invention, the standard dimensions are those of 20- or 40-foot containers of the respective designation "high cube," specifically 6,058 mm × 2,438 mm × 2,986 mm (L × W × H) or 12,032 mm × 2,352 mm × 2,698 mm (L × W × H), where L, W, and H represent length, width, and height, respectively. These dimensions are advantageously such that the building regulations concerning minimum ceiling heights for residential spaces can be easily complied with. In principle, other container dimensions are also suitable, provided they likewise ensure compliance with the aforementioned building regulations. In these cases as well, the container corners according to the invention would be used as corner elements. A frame with the external dimensions of a 20-foot container offers an internal floor area of ​​approximately 13.9 m². 2 , such a 40-foot container has an interior floor area of ​​approximately 28.4 m² 2 .

[0015] In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the frame has standardized quadrilateral surfaces between the frame beams, which have the same dimensions in each module.

[0016] In particular, the lower quadrilateral surface of a module is provided with floor panels of standardized dimensions and the upper surface with ceiling panels of standardized dimensions, preferably as closed, flat elements, thus forming a floor element and a ceiling element. The four lateral quadrilateral surfaces of each module are provided with quadrilateral surface elements, also referred to as wall elements, of the same area, these wall elements being equipped with various features, such as windows and / or doors or other fixtures. The standard-sized wall elements create stable modules suitable for all construction applications.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, a floor, ceiling, or wall element comprises one or more components formed by doors, windows, passageways, open walls, recesses, and standard connections for one or more electricity, water, wastewater, and communication lines. This advantageously allows for the individualized design of a module, depending on the architectural style, as well as easy connection to existing utility lines of any kind on the construction site. It even facilitates the standardization and thus simplification of the municipal arrangement of these utility lines on the building plot. Open walls for large rooms are also possible with this embodiment. This allows for the creation of virtually any room size, for example, up to 140 m². 2 . Recesses in ceiling and / or floor elements allow for the arrangement of stairs or skylights in multi-story buildings made from these modules.

[0018] In a further development of the invention, one or more wall elements of the module are provided with a wall covering, which advantageously further reduces the effort required to construct a building from these modules on the construction site.

[0019] This advantage is also present in the further development of the invention, in that a module is designed as one of a bathroom, kitchen, stair, roof, technical, or terrace module.

[0020] At least one, and preferably all, container corners are made of steel or cast material. In particular, existing and readily available container corners can be adopted and used for the invention – preferably unchanged.

[0021] The resulting frame can therefore be quickly and easily assembled from existing elements such as corners and frame beams.

[0022] The invention further relates to a one- or multi-story building comprising one or more of the previously described modular timber construction devices, wherein at least one modular timber construction device of the ground floor is connected at its corner elements by fastening devices which are provided on a building foundation with the container corner dimensions. This again simplifies the construction of the building, since the anchoring points on and with the base plate are standardized and can be planned and implemented with minimal effort.

[0023] Finally, it also concerns an arrangement of several buildings as described above, in the form of chain or row buildings or as a village complex.

[0024] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures in a drawing, where identical parts are designated with the same reference numerals. The figures in the drawing show: Fig. 1: a perspective schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the inventive wooden modular construction device and Fig. 2 a schematic representation of two corner elements according to the invention.

[0025] Fig. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the modular timber construction device 1. This device has a frame 2 made of wooden frame beams 3, which are joined at their respective ends to form a corner joint using a carpenter's joint. The corners have metal corner elements 4. The wooden frame beams 3 are of such a length that, together with the corner elements 4 and taking into account their material thickness, they give the frame 2 dimensions corresponding to those of standard 20- and / or 40-foot shipping containers.

[0026] The corner elements 4, shown enlarged in detail figure A, are designed here as container corners. Depending on their arrangement in the respective frame corner, the container corners are configured differently, with one large opening 9 facing upwards or downwards and one small opening 10 facing in each of the other two spatial directions. This allows the module to be easily and conveniently transported using existing means of transport, as described.

[0027] The cuboid frame 2 has six quadrilateral surfaces 7, of which four and two are of equal size. As shown schematically, a quadrilateral surface element 5 is arranged in each quadrilateral surface 7, resulting in an enclosed, cuboid space. These quadrilateral surface elements 5 have various elements 6, in particular several window openings 8 and a door opening 11. As described, further elements 6 may be present, or are present but not shown: These are in particular closed, planar elements such as ceilings or floors, which are formed from panels of standardized dimensions, either in one piece or in multiple pieces. Further elements 6 according to the invention are passageways, open walls to create a continuous, larger enclosed space from two or more modular timber construction units, recesses as passageways, and also standard connections for electricity, water, wastewater, and communication.The illustrated square surface elements 5 are preferably wall elements that are already fully installed and equipped at the factory, but according to the invention they can also be pure wall elements that are further developed on site at the construction site.

[0028] Fig. Figure 2 shows an alternative form of the corner element 4 in the form of a sheet metal construction, in particular a welded one, which also has the large and small openings 9, 10 typical for container corners, so that a wooden modular construction device 1 equipped with these is correspondingly easy to transport. REFERENCE MARK LIST 1 wooden modular construction device 2 frames 3 frame beams 4 corner elements 5 square surface element 6 Element 7 Quadrilateral area 8 Window opening 9 Large Opening 10 Small opening 11 Door opening

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