Coulter device and seed drill

Abstract

A share device (1) for cultivating arable soil in a working direction, comprising a share device body (19) connected to a holding device (11) by which several shares (2) are movably held and preferably aligned parallel to a working axis (x), and which is connected to a pressure device (12) by means of which a pressure force can be transmitted to the shares (2), each of which has a share body (22) and at least one share tool (21) connected thereto, characterized in that the share device body (19) is connected to a guide device (13) comprising a rail support (132) by which guide rails (133) are held fixedly or slidably and fixably, each of which is assigned at least one of the shares (2) which has a guide track (23) connected to the share body (22) and which is slidably mounted in or on the assigned guide rail (133).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a coulter device and a seed drill equipped with such a coulter device.

[0002] Coulter devices are typically part of a seed drill that is coupled to a tractor and pulled across the soil by the tractor. During this process, the soil is loosened using, for example, a rotary harrow. The coulter device then creates seed furrows in the soil, into which seed released by a seed dispenser is placed. The furrows are then closed again, for example, by trailing press rollers or pressure rollers.

[0003] The sowing depth and thus the depth of the seed furrows, the distance between the individual coulters and the pressure force, which is usually transmitted by a spring to the corresponding coulter, are selected depending on the seed and the soil conditions.

[0004] To ensure the seed is planted correctly, the individual coulters are held at the specified seeding depth by the pressure force. Care must be taken to ensure that a coulter is not damaged when encountering an obstacle and can avoid the obstacle. To ensure the seeding depth is adjustable and prevent damage from collisions with obstacles, each individual coulter is height-adjustable and can be adjusted to the desired seeding depth.

[0005] A seed drill with a coulter device is known, for example, from DE3723616A1. In this seed drill, coulters are arranged between a soil tillage implement and a trailing press roller, each of which includes a coulter tool in the form of pressure discs or skids. A seed tube is provided behind the coulter, through which seed is ejected into the open seed furrows.

[0006] DE202007015632U1 discloses a soil tillage implement with at least one double disc coulter, which comprises a coulter tool with a pair of coulter discs arranged side by side and mounted so as to be rotatable, as well as a scraper which serves to scrape off clumps of soil, pieces of earth, pieces of turf or the like hanging on the coulter discs.

[0007] EP1974596A1 discloses a coulter device with individual coulter modules, each comprising a pivoting coulter support arm with an associated coulter and a trailing pressure roller. The coulter support arm interacts with a stop that helps determine the sowing depth.

[0008] US5829535A discloses another coulter device that has a pivotally mounted coulter support arm for each coulter, the height of which is adjustable and on which a pressure force is applied by means of a spring. The use of the coulter support arm inevitably results in a relatively large length of the coulter device and the seed drill, in particular a relatively large distance between a leading soil tillage implement, for example a rotary harrow, or a clod breaker following the soil tillage implement, on the one hand, and the coulter on the other. The weight of the coulter device increases with the length of the coulter device and causes soil stress. The weight of the coulter device is transferred to the soil during operation of the seed drill and leads to increased compaction of the soil material, which inhibits the supply of nutrients and liquids and inhibits plant growth.

[0009] When cultivating the soil, the share can collide with obstacles. Upon encountering an obstacle, the affected share is displaced upwards and rotated around a pivot point on the share support arm. Forces are not transferred vertically from the share to the share support arm, which is why the share support arm, which is acted upon by a pressure spring, only pivots back under the influence of relatively high forces. The share, and in particular its possibly fixed or rotating discs, are therefore occasionally exposed to high loads that can lead to deformation, wear, or destruction if the share tool is not particularly robust. Conventional share devices are therefore subject to high loads, which is why signs of wear occur and why regular maintenance work must be carried out.

[0010] Furthermore, share devices of the described type are complex to design, as relatively large components must be provided separately for each share module. Due to the complex design of the share modules, each share device not only requires considerable manufacturing effort but is also heavy, which leads to the soil loads described above.

[0011] Furthermore, the coulter modules are designed to be voluminous, so that the minimum distance between the individual coulters is relatively high and the achievable seeding density is correspondingly limited.

[0012] The clod breaker typically provided, which levels the soil loosened by a rotary harrow, for example, before the share arrangement works the seed furrows into the soil, is usually adjustable in height and requires a corresponding adjustment device, which also takes up space and further increases the length of the share device.

[0013] To adjust the sowing depth, the pressure force and the height of the clod breaker, several adjustment devices are required, which are often complex and not easy to operate.

[0014] The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating an improved coulter device and an improved seed drill with such a coulter device.

[0015] The coulter device should be able to be implemented with any type of coulter and coulter tool, in which the seed is transported into the seed furrows directly through the coulter tool, if necessary between the discs of the coulter, or separately, if necessary through a seed tube.

[0016] The coulter device should be designed with reduced manufacturing effort, reduced dimensions, and reduced weight. The distance between a leading soil cultivation device, such as a rotary harrow and / or a clod breaker, and the coulters should be as small as possible, thus reducing the length and weight of the coulter device accordingly.

[0017] The use of large share modules and correspondingly large fixture parts for each individual share should be avoided in order to further reduce the cost of manufacturing the share device and the machine weight.

[0018] The coulters should be able to be arranged at desired spacing with minimal effort, preferably in predefined grids adapted to the seed. Minimal spacing between the coulters and thus between the seed furrows should be achievable.

[0019] The coulter device should be flexibly configurable and easily adjustable as required. The adjustment devices should be well-designed, easily accessible, and convenient to operate. Changes to the configuration, particularly the coulter spacing and the corresponding adjustments, such as seeding depth and pressure, should be possible with little effort and precision.

[0020] The coulter device should be capable of being equipped with a leading tillage implement, such as a rotary harrow, and a clod breaker following this tillage implement. The clod breaker should be optimally integrated into the coulter device so that it does not take up any additional space.

[0021] The coulter device should be able to operate with minimal wear. Obstacles such as stones or compacted clods of earth should be able to be negotiated without damaging forces acting on the coulters, resulting in wear or damage.

[0022] The coulter attachment should be advantageously integrated into a seed drill. The seed drill, in combination with the coulter attachment, should be compact and lightweight, allowing the soil to be cultivated gently. The seed drill and coulter attachment should be easy to operate and maintain.

[0023] The seed drill should be able to be equipped with any seed delivery device, such as those known from DE20202010676U1.

[0024] This object is achieved with a coulter device according to claim 1 and a seed drill according to claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in further claims.

[0025] The share device, which is used to work arable soil in a working direction, comprises a share device body which is connected to a holding device, by which a plurality of shares are held movable and preferably aligned parallel to a working axis, and which is connected to a pressure device by means of which a pressure force can be transmitted to the shares, each of which has a share body and at least one share tool connected thereto.

[0026] According to the invention, the share device body is connected to a guide device comprising a rail holder, by which guide rails are held fixedly or displaceably and fixably, to each of which at least one of the shares is assigned, which has a guide carriage connected to the share body, which is displaceably mounted in or on the associated guide rail.

[0027] In the working direction, the coulter device has a leading front end and a trailing rear end. A soil tillage machine, such as a rotary harrow, is preferably arranged at the front end to loosen the soil. This machine is preferably followed by a clod breaker that levels the loosened soil. This is then followed by the coulters, which create seed furrows in the soil using the coulter tools. Finally, this is followed by pressure rollers or pressure rollers that close the seed furrows after the seed has been placed into the seed furrows.

[0028] The seed preferably passes through the shares or share tools into the seed furrows or is thrown into the seed furrows behind the shares.

[0029] The block breaker is preferably a stable metal profile that can displace heavy soil material without being plastically deformed.

[0030] Due to the movable bearing in the guide rails, the shares can therefore be equipped with a correspondingly short share body and held close to the associated guide rail, which is why the share device can be realized with a short length and also with a low weight.

[0031] The coulter system avoids the use of larger coulter modules with long coulter support arms, which are individually coupled to a drawbar and require relatively large space and have larger components, resulting in a correspondingly high weight. By avoiding larger coulter modules, it is also possible to create grids with minimal grid spacing between the coulters, thus increasing seeding density accordingly.

[0032] The shares are preferably arranged alternately back and forth. This further reduces the distance between the shares. Furthermore, the individual shares are easier to access, for example, for maintenance work. The alternating arrangement of the shares also prevents soil from being trapped and carried between adjacent shares, preventing the share mechanism from acting as a rake. Instead, the loosened soil can flow around the shares and is therefore not dragged along or piled up. Furthermore, space remains between adjacent shares, allowing them to pivot sideways when encountering obstacles, provided they are elastic or pivotable and not rigidly mounted.

[0033] For example, the shares will be alternately equipped with share bodies of different lengths or will be connected to the guide tracks via connecting devices or connecting joints of different lengths.

[0034] Share bodies are preferably plate-shaped and cut out of metal plates or sheet metal.

[0035] To enable pivoting movements, it is preferably provided that the share bodies are designed to be spring-elastic or that the share bodies are connected to the associated guide track by a joint or a spring-elastic element. For example, a hinge joint is provided, which allows lateral pivoting movements and has a hinge axis that is preferably aligned parallel to the rail axis of the guide rail or in a plane perpendicular to the soil. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the guide tracks are held in the guide rails with play, thus allowing lateral movements of the shares.

[0036] The guide tracks can be moved virtually frictionlessly in or along the guide rails, allowing the individual shares to move without the influence of disruptive or damaging forces, even when driving over obstacles, compacted clods of earth, or the like. The shares can easily avoid disruptive objects or obstacles by moving parallel to the guide rails and, preferably, also by moving sideways, so that damage or wear to the shares or share tools can be largely avoided or reduced. A particularly advantageous feature is that the shares only have to overcome the pressure forces of the pressure device to avoid an object. Additional forces acting on the shares via a lever mechanism in conventional devices can be avoided.

[0037] Preferably, each of the guide carriages comprises one or more load rollers or one or more pairs of load rollers, which are held by an associated first carriage body part with their axes of rotation aligned perpendicular or inclined to the working axis. In preferred embodiments, each of the guide carriages additionally comprises one or more guide rollers, which are held by an associated second carriage body part with their axes of rotation aligned parallel or inclined to the working axis. The load rollers and / or the guide rollers are preferably equipped with ball bearings. The load rollers and guide rollers can advantageously also be held by a single carriage body.

[0038] Instead of support rollers and / or guide rollers, functionally equivalent plain bearings with sliding elements or ball bearing systems can also be provided.

[0039] For example, the guide carriage is designed as a linear ball bearing or recirculating ball bushing that encloses a rod-shaped guide rail. Linear ball bearings are known, for example, from https: / / de.wikipedia.org / wiki / Linearkugellager.

[0040] The guide rails are preferably straight, allowing the blades to be moved along a straight rail axis. Alternatively, the guide rails can also run along a curve.

[0041] To facilitate the movement of the shares, the guide rails are preferably inclined backwards with the upper side at an angle of inclination in a range of 2°-12°, preferably around 7°.

[0042] The shares can be designed in any way and can have any type of share tool, for example, a pair of adjacently arranged and rotatably mounted share discs. Furthermore, the shares can each be equipped with a scraper, which removes clods of soil, pieces of earth, pieces of turf, and the like.

[0043] The coulter device according to the invention is advantageously adjustable and for this purpose advantageously has operable adjustment devices.

[0044] The rail mount is preferably connected to a height adjustment device, by means of which the rail mount can be adjusted in height. The rail mount preferably has an upper part and a lower part, which are connected to each other by a connecting part, so that the rail mount forms, for example, a C-profile.

[0045] The rail mount is preferably designed as a floe breaker and features a sturdy metal profile. The height of the rail mount thus adjusts the height of the floe breaker.

[0046] The guide rails can be connected to the rail mount in various ways, either positively and / or non-positively. The rail mount preferably includes recesses into which the guide rails can be inserted. Alternatively or additionally, the guide rails can be connected to the rail mount using screws or locking elements. In this configuration, the guide rails are held in place by the scissor mount.

[0047] Alternatively, the scissor mount can be designed so that the guide rails can be moved and fixed perpendicular to the working direction. This allows any distance between the individual blades to be adjusted as required. For example, the guide rails are held by guide profiles aligned perpendicular to the working direction, such as C-profiles, and can be moved along the guide plate and fixed, for example, using a screw set.

[0048] In preferred embodiments, the rail mount has a receiving grid with recesses into which the guide rails can be selectively inserted at selectable grid spacings and in which the guide rails are held in a form-fitting manner and / or are fixed or can be fixed using mounting means. The mounting means are preferably integrally formed on the rail mount or the guide rails and / or can be connected to the rail mount or the guide rails.

[0049] For example, a receiving grid with recesses is provided in the upper part of the rail bracket and a mounting grid in the lower part of the rail bracket. The recesses can at least partially enclose the guide rails laterally or at the sides and front, so that the guide rails can be inserted into the recesses from the front or only from above. For example, mounting openings are provided in the upper or lower part of the rail bracket, into which molded parts provided on the guide rails, such as lugs or pins, can be inserted.

[0050] The guide rails preferably have a C-profile with a longitudinal opening through which a part of the share body or a connecting device or a connecting joint is passed and connected to the guide track.

[0051] For example, the guide rails have two side walls which are connected to each other on a first side by a rear wall and which each hold a front piece on a second side opposite the first side, which are directed towards each other and limit the longitudinal opening.

[0052] In preferred embodiments, the pressure device comprises a pressure adjustment device connected directly or indirectly to the coulter device body, a pressure profile slidably held by the pressure adjustment device, and a pressure spring for each coulter, which rests on the pressure profile on one side and on the coulter body of the associated coulter on the other. Each coulter is therefore slidable along the associated guide rail and is pressed downward against the soil by the associated pressure spring, ensuring the specified sowing depth is maintained while still allowing for evasive movements.

[0053] In further preferred embodiments, a guide rod is provided which is preferably enclosed by the pressure spring and which is connected on the one hand to the share body and on the other hand is held displaceably by the pressure profile and / or by a holding element, for example a holding profile, preferably up to a stop. The guide rod can therefore be moved with the associated share up to the provided stop, which preferably determines the sowing depth. The stop can be formed by a holding element which acts on the guide rod or on the share body. For example, the guide rod is held in a guide opening in the pressure profile and provided with a blocking element, for example a split pin or a flange, which cannot pass through the guide opening. Alternatively, a preferably height-adjustable stop can also be provided which interacts with the share body.For example, the blade body is held by a retaining rope. The stop or retaining element is preferably part of the retaining device.

[0054] The holding device preferably comprises a sowing depth adjustment device with at least one adjustable holding element which is connected directly or indirectly to the share body of at least one share.

[0055] In preferred embodiments, the holding element is a holding rope which, on the one hand, can be wound onto a winding element of the sowing depth adjustment device and, on the other hand, is connected to a share body.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the holding device and the pressure device are arranged in series with each other. In this embodiment, the holding element is preferably designed as a holding profile that holds the pressure adjustment device.

[0057] The coulter device body of the coulter device is preferably connected to running elements, such as pressure rollers or pressure rollers, by which the seed furrows can preferably be closed. The coulter device body is preferably connected or connectable directly or indirectly to a tractor or, preferably, to a machine body of the seed drill in an articulated manner.

[0058] The blade device body can be constructed with a few device parts, preferably metal profiles and / or metal plates.

[0059] The seed drill equipped with a coulter device according to the invention comprises a machine body carrying a seed dispensing device provided for dispensing seed via seed channels connected to the coulters or provided for dispensing the seed separately therefrom.

[0060] In preferred embodiments, the machine body is connected to the share device body by connecting arms which are held fixedly or are articulated on one or both sides.

[0061] The share device can preferably be raised or lowered by means of a drive device or rotated around the machine body.

[0062] The seed drill can have its own drive or can be connected to a towing vehicle, for example a tractor, via a coupling device.

[0063] In preferred embodiments, the machine body holds a soil tillage device which is arranged in the working direction in front of the shares or in front of the clod breaker and the shares.

[0064] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a seed drill 10 according to the invention with a machine body 109 which carries a seed delivery device 101 and a soil tillage device 103 and which is connected by connecting arms 191 to a coulter device 1 according to the invention, which has a coulter device body 19, a holding device 11 for holding numerous coulters 2, a pressure device 12 for exerting pressure forces on the coulters 2, a guide device 13 for guiding the coulters 2 and pressure rollers 18 connected to the coulter device body 19; Fig. 2 the seed drill 10 with the coulter device 1, without the seed delivery device 101, in a simplified representation; Fig. 3 a part of the coulter device 1 of Fig. 2 with a share 2 in exploded view, which comprises a share body 22 which, in the working direction on the trailing side, rotatably holds a share tool 21 with two opposing share discs 211, 212 and which, on the leading side, is connected or connectable to a guide carriage 23 which is displaceably mounted in a guide rail 133 which is held by a rail holder 132 which preferably serves as a block breaker; Fig. 4a the coulter device 1 of Fig. 2 with the holding device 11, which comprises a sowing depth adjustment device 111 with holding cables 1113, by means of which the shares 2 can be held at a selected sowing depth, with the pressure device 12, which comprises a pressure adjustment device 121 with a displaceable pressure profile 122, which transmits a pressure force to the shares 2 via pressure springs 124, and with the guide device 13, which comprises the rail holder 132, which on the one hand is held at an adjustable height by a height adjustment device 131 and which on the other hand can be equipped with guide rails 133, in each of which a guide drive 23 of an associated share 2 is guided; Fig. 4b the coulter device 1 of Fig. 4a after the operation of the sowing depth adjustment device 111, by which the shares 2 were raised; Fig. 4c the coulter device 1 of Fig. 4a after the actuation of the pressure adjustment device 121, by which the pressure profile 122 was lowered and the pressure springs 124 were compressed; Fig. 5a the rail bracket 132 of Fig. 3, which is optionally equipped with guide rails 133, into each of which a guide drive 23 of an associated share 2 is inserted; Fig. 5b a part of the rail support 132 of Fig. 5a, which has an upper part 1321 provided with a receiving grid and receiving openings 13210 and a lower part 1322 provided with a mounting grid and mounting openings 13220, which are connected to one another by a connecting part 1320; Fig. 6a the share device 1 of Fig. 1 with a preferably designed holding device 11 and a preferably designed pressure device 12 with a sowing depth adjustment device 111 and a pressure adjustment device 121, which are arranged in series with each other; Fig. 6b the coulter device 1 of Fig. 6a after the actuation of the pressure adjustment device 121, by which the pressure profile 122 was lowered and the pressure spring 124 was compressed; and Fig. 6c the coulter device 1 of Fig. 6b after the operation of the sowing depth adjustment device 111, by which the shares 2 were lowered.

[0065] Fig. 1 shows a seed drill 10 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment with a coulter device 1 according to the invention integrated therein, which have a common longitudinal axis x, which forms the working axis along which the seed drill 10 with the trailing coulter device 1 is pulled by a towing vehicle.

[0066] The seed drill 10 comprises a machine body 109, which is connected to the tractor at the front by a coupling device 102 and is connectable to a coulter device 1 according to the invention at the rear by connecting arms 191. The connecting arms 191 are connected, on the one hand, preferably in an articulated manner to the machine body 109 by bearing devices 1910 and, on the other hand, preferably rigidly to the coulter device body 19 of the coulter device 1. The coulter device 1 can therefore be pivoted upwards as needed.

[0067] To limit the deflection of the connecting arms 191, locking pins 199 are inserted into the perforated plates of the bearing devices 1910 to adjust the working depth of the soil tillage device 103. To increase the working depth, the pins are inserted into the upper openings of the perforated plates. Alternatively, an adjustment device with a spindle can be provided to determine the maximum deflection of the connecting arms 191.

[0068] The machine body 109 carries at least one seed delivery device 101 and a soil tillage device 103, which in this preferred embodiment is designed as a rotary harrow 103 with rotary tools 1031.

[0069] The share device 1 comprises a holding device 11 for holding numerous shares 2, a pressure device 12 for exerting pressure forces on the shares 2, a guide device 13 for guiding the shares 2 and trailing pressure rollers 18 which are connected to the share device body 19.

[0070] An arrow shows by way of example that the seed can be fed to the coulters 2 from the seed delivery device 101 via seed channels 1011. Preferably, each coulter 2 is assigned a seed channel 1011.

[0071] The holding device 11 is integrated into the coulter device body 19 and comprises a sowing depth adjustment device 111 by means of which the desired sowing depth can be adjusted.

[0072] The pressure device 12 is connected to the coulter device body 19 by holding arms 192 and comprises a pressure adjustment device 121, by means of which pressure forces can be exerted on the coulters 2 via a pressure profile 122 and pressure springs 124, which are individually assigned to the coulters 2, in order to sink them into the arable soil, which has been loosened by the leading rotary harrow 103, and to form seed furrows.

[0073] In preferred embodiments, the guide device 13 is held by the connecting arms 191 and connected to the share device body 19. The guide device 13 comprises height adjustment devices 131, each of which is connected to one of the connecting arms 191 and vertically displaceably holds a rail holder 132. The rail holder 132, which in this preferred embodiment also serves as a clod breaker, is equipped with numerous guide rails 133, each of which is assigned a share 2.

[0074] Each share 2 comprises a share body 22, which on the one hand has a trailing share tool 21 and a leading guide drive 23 (see Fig. 3) which is held displaceably in the associated guide rail 133.

[0075] When cultivating the arable soil, the individual shares 2 can therefore be moved individually upwards along the guide rails 133 and, in preferred embodiments, also laterally in order to avoid an obstacle, for example a compacted clod of earth.

[0076] Fig. Figure 1 shows that the share device 1 can be constructed extremely compactly and has a minimal distance between the shares 2 and the leading clod breaker 132. Pivotable, relatively long share support arms are omitted. Instead, each share 2 is guided directly in an associated guide rail 133 by means of a guide track 23. Reducing the dimensions of the share device 1 and avoiding long and relatively heavy parts results in a significant overall weight reduction of the share device 1. The soil can therefore be cultivated gently using the share device 1 according to the invention.

[0077] The individual shares 2 can individually deflect upwards and only need to overcome the force of the pressure springs 124. The individual guide rails 133 are slightly tilted back, so that when a share 2 encounters an obstacle, it is moved upwards and slightly backwards and can thus avoid the obstacle without damaging forces acting on the share tool. In preferred embodiments, it is also provided that the share 2 can be pivoted laterally in an articulated or elastic manner about a pivot axis, which preferably runs parallel to the guide rails 133, so that lateral deflection movements are also possible.

[0078] Fig. 2 shows the seed drill 10 with the coulter device 1, without the seed delivery device 101, in a simplified representation.

[0079] The machine body 109, which is connected at the front to the coupling device 102 and holds the rotary harrow 103 with the rotary tool 1031, is connected by bearing devices 1910, which have a bearing shaft 1911, to at least two connecting arms 191, which hold the share device body 19 at the end and, adjacent to the machine body 109, the guide device 13. Each of the connecting arms 191 is connected by mounting means 1912 to a height adjustment device 131 of the guide device 13, which can be actuated by means of an adjustment wheel 1311. The adjustment wheel 1311, for example, rotates a threaded rod or spindle, which engages in a threaded part of an extendable piston 1312 and can axially displace the piston within a holding tube 1310.

[0080] The extendable piston 1312 holds the rail holder 132, which, on the one hand, holds the guide rails 133 and, on the other hand, serves as a block breaker. The block breaker 132, which would otherwise be provided separately, can therefore be integrated into the share device 1 with virtually no space requirement and can be advantageously adjusted in height. The length of the guide rails 133 is dimensioned such that the held shares 2 can always be moved to the required extent.

[0081] Each share 2 comprises a share body 22 which holds a share tool 21 which is connected at the front to a guide drive 23 to which the associated pressure spring 124 of the pressure device 12 can transmit a pressure force and which can be held at the rear by a holding element 1113 of the holding device 11, which is in the form of a holding cable, in such a way that the share 2 can only be moved downwards up to a stop which determines the sowing depth.

[0082] To the left of the first shown share 2, the next share 2 with its share tool 21 is arranged set back. The shares 2 are thus preferably alternately offset forward and backward, which allows the individual shares 2 to be arranged closer together, for example, to intervene between the shares 2 for maintenance purposes and to work the soil more effectively, since the loosened soil material can flow around the shares 2 and is not dragged along. The first and second shares 2 preferably differ only in the length of their share body 22.

[0083] Each share body 22 preferably carries a scraper, which serves to scrape off clumps of soil, pieces of earth, pieces of turf, or the like hanging from the share tool 21. In the present embodiment, the scraper 28 is implemented as a spring with spring arms that engage around the share tool 21 and scrape off clods of earth carried along it.

[0084] The pressure device 12 is connected to the coulter device body 19 by a holding arm 192. The holding arm 192 is connected to a holding tube 1210 of a pressure adjustment device 121, which comprises an adjustment wheel 1211, by means of which an extendable piston 1212, which is connected to the pressure profile 122, is axially displaceable. The adjustment wheel 1211, for example, actuates a threaded rod or a spindle, which engages a threaded element fixed within the extendable piston 1212.

[0085] Two rows of guide rods 123 are slidably held by the pressure profile 122, which in this preferred embodiment is hat-shaped. These guide rods are each connected on the underside to a share body 22 of a share 2 by coupling elements, for example bolts or the like, and are each enclosed by a pressure spring 124. Each pressure spring 124, by which a pressure force is exerted on the associated share 2, therefore presses upwards against the pressure profile 122 and downwards against the associated share body 22. When the pressure spring 124 is compressed, the associated guide rod 123 can be displaced upwards through the pressure profile 122 or a guide opening 1220 provided therein.The guide rods 123 and pressure springs 124 held on the front side of the pressure profile 122 are connected to the forward-displaced shares 2, and the guide rods 123 and pressure springs 124 held on the rear side of the pressure profile 122 are connected to the rearward-displaced shares 2. By actuating the pressure adjustment device 121 and displacing the pressure profile 122, the pressure springs 124 can therefore be compressed or released.

[0086] Loosened soil can be cultivated with less pressure and less mechanical stress on coulter 2. However, if the soil is compacted, the pressure is increased to achieve the desired sowing depth.

[0087] In order to ensure that the sowing depth is not exceeded downwards, the shares 2 are held by the holding device 11, which has a sowing depth adjustment device 111, which can be designed in different ways and is implemented in the present case with holding elements 1113 in the form of holding ropes.

[0088] Each coulter 2 is assigned a retaining cable 1113, which is connected on the one hand to the associated coulter body 22 and on the other hand wound onto a winding element 1112, for example, a winding shaft or drum. The winding element 1112 is rotatable by means of an adjusting wheel 1111, which comprises several radially aligned wheel levers, in order to tighten or loosen the retaining cables 1113. After a desired sowing depth has been set, the adjusting wheel 1111 can be locked by means of a locking lever 1114, which has an opening for the passage of a wheel lever.

[0089] The operation of the coulter device 1 has already been described. The soil is loosened by the leading rotary harrow 103 and leveled by the clod breaker 132 before the coulters 2 create seed furrows in the soil. After the seed has been deposited into the seed furrows, the seed furrows are closed again by the trailing pressure rollers 18. The pressure rollers 18 are preferably elastically mounted on a roller bearing 181 connected to the coulter device body 19, so that the process of closing the seed furrows is smooth and even.

[0090] Fig. 3 shows a part of the coulter device 1 of Fig. 2 with a first share 2 in an exploded view. Each share 2 comprises a share body 22, which, on the trailing side in the working direction, rotatably supports a share tool 21 with two opposing share discs 211, 212 by means of a share disc bearing 210, and which, on the leading side, is connected or connectable to a guide carriage 23 that is slidably mounted in a guide rail 133 held by a rail holder 132. In the share 2 shown on the left, only a quarter of the first share disc 211 is shown in order to provide a view into the share 2.

[0091] As described, the rail support 132 is height-adjustable by means of the height adjustment device 131, which is schematically indicated by a double arrow. The rail support 132', which also serves as a floe breaker, is also shown in a lowered position in dash-dotted lines.

[0092] The rail holder 132, which has approximately a C-profile, comprises an upper part 1321 and a lower part 1322, which are connected to each other by a connecting part 1320 and which delimit a space into which reinforcing plates 1325 are preferably inserted.

[0093] The rail holder 132 has a receiving grid with recesses or receiving openings 13210 in the upper part 1321 and a mounting grid with recesses or mounting openings 13220 in the lower part 1322, into which the guide rails 133 can be inserted at selectable grid spacings and in which the guide rails 133 are fixed or can be fixed using mounting means. The mounting means are preferably integrally formed on the rail holder 132 and / or the guide rails 133, and / or connectable to the rail holder 132, and / or partially integrally formed on the rail holder 132 and / or the guide rails 133 and partially connectable to the rail holder 132.

[0094] The guide rails 133 can thus be connected to the rail holder 132 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner and / or, for example, by means of screw connections. By inserting them into the recesses or receiving and mounting openings 13210, 13220 and optionally connecting them using molded parts 1335, a largely form-fitting connection is already created, which is why the guide rails 133 are preferably already securely held after insertion and, if necessary, only need to be fixed or secured by a fixing element, for example a screw connection. With a form-fitting connection, the securing element can be released and the associated guide rail 133 can be easily removed or replaced. Any desired grid with the desired spacing between the guide rails 133 can therefore be easily created.

[0095] The guide rails 133 preferably have a C-profile with a longitudinal opening 1330 through which a part of the share body 22 or a connecting device or a connecting joint is passed and connected to the guide drive 23.

[0096] In this preferred embodiment, the guide rails 133 have two side walls 1332 which are connected to one another on a first side by a rear wall 1331 and which each hold a front piece 1333 on a second side opposite the first side, which are directed towards one another and delimit the longitudinal opening 1330 through which the share body 22 is or can be connected directly or indirectly to the guide drive 23.

[0097] The guide carriage 23, shown enlarged, comprises two pairs of load rollers 231, which are held by an associated first carriage body part 2310 with their axes of rotation aligned perpendicular to the working axis x, and two pairs of guide rollers 232, which are held by an associated second carriage body part 2320 with their axes of rotation aligned parallel to the working axis x. The two carriage body parts 2310, 2320 can also be combined into a single carriage body 230.

[0098] The first drive body parts 2310 can be inserted into first mounting recesses 225 of the share body 22. The second drive body part 2320 can be inserted into a second mounting recess 226 of the share body 22. If the guide drive 23 has only one drive body 230, it can be connected to the share body 22 even more easily, for example, by means of a hinge connection.

[0099] The load rollers 231, which can roll along the rear wall 1331 and the front pieces 1333 of the guide rail 133, absorb tensile or compressive forces acting parallel to the working axis and torsional forces in a vertical plane, which are transferred from the share body 22 to the guide track 23. The guide rollers 232, which can roll along the side walls 1332, guide the guide track 133 laterally. The guide track 23 therefore allows the associated share 2 to be moved with virtually no friction.

[0100] On the right-hand share 2, which is provided with a scraper 28, it is shown that the holding device 11 with the holding element 1113 is attached to a holding coupling part 221 of the share body 22. The pressure device 12 is connected to the guide rod 123 with a pressure coupling part 222, on which the pressure spring 124 acts.

[0101] It is further shown that the coulter 2 has an inlet opening 220 into which the seed can typically be inserted serially and released into the seed furrows in the soil by the rotating coulter discs 211, 212.

[0102] The Fig. 4a, Fig. 4b and Fig. 4c show possibilities for adjusting the coulter device 1 of Fig. 2. The individual parts of the device have already been described with reference to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is named and described. A single group 2 is shown as an example.

[0103] Fig. 4a shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 2 - with the holding device 11, which comprises the sowing depth adjustment device 111 with the winding shaft 1112, which is connected to the adjustment wheel 1111 and onto which a holding cable 1113 is wound, which is connected to the share body 22 of the share 2 shown as an example, - with the pressure device 12, which comprises the pressure adjustment device 121 with the displaceable pressure profile 122, which is connected to the share body 22 of the share 2 by a guide rod 123 and a pressure spring 124, and - with the guide device 13, which comprises the rail holder 132, which on the one hand is held at an adjustable height by the height adjustment device 131 and which on the other hand is equipped with a guide rail 133 in which the guide drive 23 of the shown share 2 is guided.

[0104] In Fig. 4a, the coulter 2 shown is lowered to the predetermined sowing depth. The pressure spring 124 is largely relaxed, and the guide rod 123 has been displaced far downwards by the guide element or the guide opening 1220 of the pressure profile 122. To prevent the guide rod 123 from detaching from the pressure profile 122, a blocking element 1231, a split pin, or the like, is preferably provided at its upper end, as shown in Fig. 6a is shown.

[0105] Fig. 4b shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 4a after the actuation of the sowing depth adjustment device 111, which raised the shown coulter 2. At the same time, the pressure spring 124 was compressed, which is why the pressure force of the pressure spring 124 must be readjusted if necessary by actuating the pressure device 12. The retaining cable 1113 was wound onto the winding shaft 1112 by actuating the adjustment wheel 1111, after which the adjustment wheel 1111 was locked again by actuating the locking lever 1114.

[0106] Fig. 4c shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 4a after actuation of pressure adjustment device 121, by which the pressure profile 122 was lowered and the pressure spring 124 was compressed. Thus, in a first step, the desired sowing depth was set by actuating the adjustment wheel 1111 of the holding device 11, and in a second step, the desired pressure force on the share 2 was set by actuating the adjustment wheel 1211 of the pressure device 12.

[0107] Fig. 5a shows the rail bracket 132 of Fig. 3, which is optionally equipped with guide rails 133, into each of which a guide drive 23 of an associated share 2 is inserted.

[0108] Fig. 5b shows a part of the rail support 132 of Fig. 5a, which has an upper part 1321 provided with a receiving grid and receiving openings 13210, and a lower part 1322 provided with a mounting grid and mounting openings 13220, which are connected to each other by a connecting part 1320. It is shown that the guide rails 133 can be mounted in the rail holder 132 at different grid spacings a1, a2, a3, and a4.

[0109] Fig. 6a shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 1 with a preferably configured holding device 11 and a preferably configured pressure device 12 with a sowing depth adjustment device 111 and a pressure adjustment device 121, which are arranged in series with one another. In this embodiment, the holding element 1113 of the holding device 11 is not connected directly to the coulter device body 19, but rather via the guide rod 123 of the pressure device 12.

[0110] The holding device 11 comprises a sowing depth adjustment device 111, which corresponds to the pressure adjustment device 121 of Fig. 4a, and which is connected to the coulter device body 19 by the holding arm 192. The sowing depth adjustment device 111 adjusts the height of the holding element 1113, which is designed as a holding profile and extends parallel to the pressure profile 122 and preferably has the same dimensions as the pressure profile 122.

[0111] The retaining profile 1113 has guide openings or guide rings 11130 through which the guide rods 123 are guided. To prevent the guide rods 123 from becoming detached from the guide opening 11130, they are provided at the upper end with a blocking element 1231, such as a cotter pin.

[0112] The pressure profile 122 has fork-shaped or collar-shaped guide elements 1220 which partially enclose the guide rods 123 so that they can hold and press downward the pressure springs 124 which enclose the guide rods 123 when the pressure profile 122 is moved downward by the pressure adjustment device 121.

[0113] The pressure adjustment device 121 comprises a threaded rod or spindle 1212 which is connected to an adjustment wheel 1211, which is rotatably mounted on the holding profile 1113 and which engages in a threaded element which is connected to the pressure profile 122.

[0114] By turning the adjustment wheel 1111 of the holding device 11, the holding profile 1113 can be adjusted in height to set the sowing depth. The adjustment wheel 1211 of the pressure adjustment device can be used, before or after, to adjust the height of the pressure profile 122 in order to transmit a desired pressure force to the coulters 2 via the pressure springs 124.

[0115] When adjusting the pressure force, the pressure profile 122 is displaced relative to the holding profile 1113. The distance between the pressure profile 122 and the holding profile 1113 is a measure of the set pressure force and can be measured using a measuring rod 1215, which is connected to the pressure profile 122 and guided through the holding profile 1113.

[0116] In Fig. 6a, neither the sowing depth is adjusted by the sowing depth adjustment device 111 nor the required pressure force is adjusted by the pressure adjustment device 121.

[0117] Fig. 6b shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 6a after actuation of the pressure adjustment device 121, by which the pressure profile 122 is lowered, and the pressure spring 124 is compressed and the desired pressure force, which can be read on the measuring rod 1215, is set.

[0118] Fig. 6c shows the coulter device 1 of Fig. 6b after actuation of the seed depth adjustment device 111, which lowered the coulters 2. The measuring rod 1215 shows that the contact pressure remained unchanged after this adjustment. List of reference symbols 10 Seed drill with coulter device 1 101 Seed delivery device 1011 seed channels 102 Coupling device 103 Soil tillage device, rotary harrow 1031 machining tool, rotary tool 109 machine bodies 1 coulter device 11 Holding device 111 Sowing depth adjustment device 1111 Adjustment wheel 1112 Winding element, winding shaft 11121 Actuating element, extendable piston 1113 Holding element, holding cable, holding profile 11130 Guide element or guide and holding element 1114 locking lever 12 Pressure device 121 Pressure adjustment device 1210 holding tube 1211 Adjustment wheel 1212 Actuator, extendable piston 1215 dipstick 122 pressure profile 1220 Guide element or guide and holding element 123 Guide rod 1231 blocking element 124 pressure spring 13 Guide device 131 Height adjustment device 1310 Holding tube 1311 Adjustment wheel 1312 extendable piston 132 Rail support, floe breaker 132' rail mount lowered 1320 connecting part 1321 top 13210 mounting holes 1322 lower part 13220 mounting openings 1325 reinforcement plates 133 Guide rail 1330 Longitudinal opening, longitudinal slot 1331 rear wall 1332 side walls 1333 opposing front pieces 1335 retaining lug 18 pressure rollers 181 roller bearings 19 share device body 191 connecting arms 1910 storage device 1911 bearing shaft 1912 assembly equipment 192 Holding arm 199 locking bolts 2 shares 21 share tools 210 coulter disc bearings 211, 212 coulter discs 22 share bodies 220 inlet opening 221 Holding coupling part 222 Pressure coupling part 225 first mounting recesses 226 second mounting recess 23 Guide drive 230 common drive body 231 load rollers 2310 Undercarriage body part for the rollers 231 232 guide rollers 2320 Drive body part for the guide rollers 232 28 scrapers QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 3723616A1

[0005] DE 202007015632U1

[0006] EP 1974596A1

[0007] US 5829535A

[0008] DE 20202010676U1

[0023]

Claims

[1] Sharing device (1) for cultivating arable soil in a working direction, comprising a sharing device body (19) connected to a holding device (11) by which a plurality of shares (2) are held movable and preferably aligned parallel to a working axis (x), and connected to a pressure device (12) by means of which a pressure force can be transmitted to the shares (2), each of which has a share body (22) and at least one share tool (21) connected thereto, characterized by in that the share device body (19) is connected to a guide device (13) which comprises a rail holder (132) by which guide rails (133) are held fixedly or displaceably and fixably, to each of which at least one of the shares (2) is assigned, which have a guide carriage (23) connected to the share body (22) and which is displaceably mounted in or on the associated guide rail (133). [2] Sharing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the rail holder (132) is connected to a height adjustment device (131) by means of which the rail holder (132) can be adjusted in height. [3] Sharing device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the rail holder (132) is designed as a block breaker, or that the rail holder (132) is designed as a block breaker and has an upper part (1321) and a lower part (1322) which are connected to one another by a connecting part (1320). [4] Sharing device (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized bythat the rail holder (132) has a receiving grid with recesses (13210, 13220) into which the guide rails (133) can be inserted at selectable grid spacings and in which the guide rails (133) are fixed or fixable by means of mounting means which are preferably integrally formed on the rail holder (132) or the guide rails (133), or which are connectable to the rail holder (132) or the guide rails (133), or which are partially integrally formed on the rail holder (132) or the guide rails (133) and partially connectable to the rail holder (132). [5] Sharing device (1) according to one of claims 1-4, characterized by , that the guide rails (133) have a C-profile with a longitudinal opening (1330) through which a part of the share body (22) or a connecting device or a connecting joint is passed and connected to the guide running gear (23), or that the guide rails (133) have two side walls (1332) which are connected to one another on a first side by a rear wall (1331) and which each hold a front piece (1333) on a second side opposite the first side, which are directed towards one another and delimit a longitudinal opening (1330) through which a part of the share body (22) is passed through a connecting device or a connecting joint and is connected to the guide running gear (23). [6] Sharing device (1) according to one of claims 1-5, characterized by , that the guide carriage (23) has one or more load rollers (231) or one or more pairs of load rollers (231) which are held by an associated first carriage body part (230, 2310) with their axes of rotation aligned perpendicularly or inclined to the working axis, or that the guide carriage (23) has one or more load rollers (231) or one or more pairs of load rollers (231) which are held by an associated first carriage body part (230, 2310) with their axes of rotation aligned perpendicularly or inclined to the working axis, and one or more guide rollers (232) which are held by an associated second carriage body part (230, 2320) with their axes of rotation aligned parallel or inclined to the working axis. [7] Sharing device (1) according to one of claims 1-6, characterized by that the pressure device (12) has a pressure adjustment device (121) connected directly or indirectly to the share device body (19), a pressure profile (122) which is displaceably held by the pressure adjustment device (121), and for each share (2) a pressure spring (124) which rests on the one hand on the pressure profile (122) and on the other hand on the share body (22) of the associated share (2). [8] Sharing device (1) according to claim 7, characterized by that each share (2) is assigned a guide rod (123) which is enclosed by the pressure spring (124) and which is connected on the one hand to the share body (22) and on the other hand is held displaceably by the pressure profile (122) and / or by a holding profile (1113) up to a stop. [9] Sharing device (1) according to one of claims 1-8, characterized by that the holding device (11) comprises a sowing depth adjustment device (111) with an adjustable holding element (1113) which is directly or indirectly connected to the share body (22) of at least one share (2). [10] Sharing device (1) according to claim 9, characterized by , that the holding element (1113) is a holding cable which can be wound onto a winding element (1112) of the sowing depth adjustment device (111), or that the holding element (1113) is the holding profile which holds the pressure adjustment device (121). [11] Sharing device (1) according to claim 10, characterized by that the sowing depth adjustment device (111) is connected on the one hand directly or by a holding arm (192) to the coulter device body (19) and on the other hand by a first actuating element (11121) and optionally a holding arm to the holding profile (1113) which holds the pressure adjustment device (121), which is connected by a second actuating element (1212) to the pressure profile (122), wherein the guide rods (121) are held displaceably up to a stop by the holding profile (1113) and / or by the pressure profile (122). [12] Sharing device (1) according to one of claims 1-11, characterized bythat the coulter device body (19) is connected to pressure rollers or pressure rollers (18) and is connected or connectable to a towing vehicle and / or that the coulter device body (19) is directly or indirectly connected to a soil tillage machine (103) which is arranged in front of the coulters (2) in the working direction. [13] Seed drill (10) with a coulter device (1) according to one of claims 1-12, comprising a machine body (109) carrying a seed dispensing device (101) provided for dispensing seed via seed channels (1011) connected to the coulters (2) or provided for separate dispensing of the seed. [14] Seed drill (10) according to claim 13, characterized by that the machine body (109) is connected to the coulter device body (19) of the coulter device (1) by connecting arms (191) which are held fixedly or are articulated on one or both sides. [15] Seed drill (10) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by that the machine body (109) holds a soil tillage device (103) which is arranged in the working direction in front of the shares (2) or in front of the clod breaker (132) and the shares (2).

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