Combined air-water and air-air heat pump

Abstract

System (100) comprising a split heat pump comprising an outdoor unit (10) and an indoor unit (20) with a hydraulic switch; at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80); at least one indoor unit; characterized in that the outdoor unit (10) of the split heat pump and the indoor unit (20) of the split heat pump are part of an air-water heat pump; and the outdoor unit (10) of the split heat pump, the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80) and the at least one indoor unit form an air-to-air heat pump.

Description

The invention relates to a system which• a split heat pump comprising an external device and an internal device with a hydraulic switch;• at least one refrigeration circuit distributor;• at least one indoor room apparatushas. According to the invention, the external device of the split heat pump and the internal device of the split heat pump are part of an air-water heat pump and the external device of the split heat pump, the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor and the at least one room internal device form an air-air heat pump.Heat pumps are frequently used for heating water for building heating and for providing hot water or warm air. The function of heat pumps is always the same in principle. Environmental heat is transferred to a refrigerant, the temperature of which is increased in a technical process and then transferred to a heating circuit. Common are:• Water / water heat pumps (WWP) with removal of heat from groundwater via pumping and absorption wells, from surface waters or effluents;• Brine / water heat pumps (SWWP), geothermal heat probes and geothermal heat collectors (spiral collectors, trench collectors, geothermal heat baskets, etc.) serve as heat sources here• Air / water heat pumps (LWP) with removal of heat from exhaust air or outside air;• Air / air heat pumps (LLWP) used in buildings for heating or cooling the supply air of ventilation systems (air conditioners).According to the prior art, heat pumps in the field of building construction are designed as monoblock heat pumps or as split heat pumps. The split heat pump has two separate structural units. In the outdoor unit, which is positioned outside a building, air is sucked in via a fan. This is passed to an evaporator in which a refrigerant is circulated which warms up at low temperature. After the refrigerant has changed its aggregate state, it flows as warm vapor to the compressor. This compresses the steam and thereby raises its temperature to a desired level. The compressed refrigerant is passed on via refrigerant lines to a condenser in the indoor unit. There, the refrigerant transfers its thermal energy to a heating system and cools down. Since the refrigerant is still under high pressure, it passes an expansion valve to restore the initial liquid state. In contrast, the monoblock heat pump combines all the components involved in the refrigerant circuit in a structural unit.At present, the heat pumps are used as air-air heat pumps in order to provide warm or cold air for heating or cooling a room. Air-water heat pumps, on the other hand, are used to provide hot water for heating systems or drinking water storage devices.A system having a heat pump which combines both functions and can provide both warm water and warm air or cold air for tempering rooms would be desirable.WO 2022 / 094387 A1 and WO 2013 / 138695 A1 are concerned with a heat pump system in which the heating of drinking water and service water (e.g. for a heating system) is to take place as efficiently as possible. However, none of the two international patent applications discloses a solution for the provision of warm air or cold air for tempering rooms with simultaneous provision of heated water, both as drinking and as service water.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a heat pump which can provide both warm water and warm air or cold air for tempering rooms.The present invention achieves this object with a system according to claim 1.Detailed DescriptionThe invention provides a system• a split heat pump comprising an external device and an internal device with a hydraulic switch;• at least one refrigeration circuit distributor;• at least one indoor room device;This is available.The system according to the invention is characterized in that the external device of the split heat pump and the internal device of the split heat pump are part of an air-water heat pump. In addition, the external device of the split heat pump, the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor and the at least one room internal device form an air-air heat pump.The internal device split heat pump has a hydraulic switch. This ensures that the volume flow of the heat pump is kept constant. In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal device has an additional heating rod, with which energy for heating water can additionally be supplied.The outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the split heat pump operate as known air-water heat pumps. According to the invention, the internal device of the split heat pump can be connected to one or more devices selected from the group comprising hot water storage, heating elements, floor heating, pool heat exchanger, gas heating. It is thus possible with the system according to the invention to make hot water available for a building via a hot water storage tank and / or to operate conventional room heaters and / or a floor heater. In addition, a pool heat exchanger may also be connected to generate warm water for a pool. It is likewise possible to transfer the water heated by the internal device of the split heat exchanger into a gas heater. In this case, the already heated water can be additionally heated further.In one embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant is conducted from the external device of the split heat pump to the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor and from this to the internal device of the split heat pump. In this embodiment, the internal device of the split heat pump is connected to the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor.According to the invention, the external device of the split heat pump, the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor and the at least one room internal device form an air-air heat pump. The refrigerant is conducted from the exterior of the split heat pump via the refrigeration circuit distributor to the at least one interior space device. The indoor unit is designed such that heat can be released from the refrigerant to the room air or heat is extracted from the room air. In the first case, the room interior device operates as a heater, and in the second case, as an air conditioner. The room interior device is preferably designed such that both modes of operation can be implemented. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one interior room device therefore has a heating and / or a cooling function.In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of room interior appliances can be connected to a refrigeration circuit distributor.In a further embodiment of the invention, the system can have a plurality of refrigeration circuit distributors, each refrigeration circuit distributor being connected by a separate connection to the external device of the split heat pump. The refrigerating circuit distributor is supplied with refrigerant via the respective connection, or the refrigerant is transported from the indoor unit via the refrigerating circuit distributor back to the outdoor unit of the split heat pump.In one embodiment of the present invention, the indoor room device is selected from the group comprising support devices and wall devices. Wall devices are mounted on the wall, while line devices are placed on the ground.In one embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant can also be distributed from one room interior to one or more further room interior. The circuit of the refrigerant back to the refrigeration circuit distributor and to the external device of the split heat pump must naturally remain closed, that is to say for each line which transports refrigerant to an internal space device, there must also be a line which conducts the refrigerant back to the refrigeration circuit distributor again. This can also be done via at least one further room interior device.In a preferred embodiment, the room interior devices have a fan. Particularly preferably, the output of the fan can be varied in a plurality of stages.In a further preferred embodiment, the room interior appliances operate as quiet as possible. Particularly preferably in a range between 18 and 31 dB.In one embodiment, the interior space device can have an additional electric heater in the form of a heating mat.Furthermore, in one embodiment, it is possible for the indoor room appliance to have one or more additional functions selected from the group comprising filter function, fresh air intake, fragrancing, dehumidifying, humidifying, radio-controlled thermostat, CO 2- sensor, lighting, heating mat. The technical implementation of these functions is familiar to the person skilled in the art.By a filtering function, it is possible to remove air contaminants from the room air. In addition, this can allow mold spores to be killed.The fresh air intake can contribute to a pleasant residential climate; the same applies to dehumidifying or humidifying the room air.The fragrancing of rooms makes it possible to introduce fragrances into rooms in a targeted manner or to neutralize unwanted fragrances in rooms as well.The accommodation of a CO 2- sensor in a room interior device enables a safety function to be implemented.The illumination on the room interior device can serve for illuminating a room or can also be part of an ambient illumination.In addition, the room interior device can have a radio-controlled thermostat for regulating room temperature.Furthermore, the interior room devices can have an additional heating mat, whereby an additional energy supply is made possible if necessary.Advantageously, the interior space devices can be designed in a construction which is as space-saving as possible. In addition, the external design can be adapted to the preferred installation style of the rooms.In one embodiment, the at least one indoor unit may be controlled by a display and / or LED displays on the indoor unit and / or by a remote controller. The remote control can be effected by a separate remote control or also by an app application, for example via a tablet or a smartphone.The mode of operation of the split heat pump is controlled via a controller integrated into the split heat pump. Preferably, the components of the system according to the invention and thus the entire system according to the invention are likewise controlled via this controller.In a preferred embodiment, the indoor units are also controlled via the control of the split heat pump. In this case, the room interior devices preferably communicate wirelessly with the controller of the split heat pump.In one embodiment of the present invention, the system may comprise a further heating system. This further heating system can be, for example, an oil heater or a gas heater. A gas heating system is particularly preferred as a further heating system. This allows heating to be added by the further heating system if necessary. Preferably, the heating power provided by the split heat pump and the further heating system is controlled via a controller.The system according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to provide a combined air-water and air-air heat pump with only one external device. It is thus possible to make possible both room air heating via the room interior appliances and hot water treatment. By connecting a plurality of cooling circuit distributors, the system can be used flexibly. Moreover, hybrid operation with a further heating system such as gas heating or oil heating is possible.The timing of the heat pump describes the number of switching-on and switching-off processes within a specific period of time. Each time the heat pump starts, it is referred to as a new cycle. However, too frequent clocking leads to higher energy consumption and more rapid wear of the components of the heat pump and should therefore be avoided. By the combination according to the invention of an air-air heat pump and an air-water heat pump, an unfavourable cycle of the split heat pump can be avoided, whereby its service life is extended.The invention is explained in more detail below by means of 5 FIGS. and 1 exemplary embodiment. FIG. 1 illustrates an air-water heat pump from the prior art; FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention in which an additional heating system is included; Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with two refrigeration cycle manifolds.FIG. 1 illustrates an air-water heat pump from the prior art, which is designed as a split heat pump having an external device 10 and an internal device 20. The refrigerant is conducted via the line 11 to the interior device 20 and used therein to heat water for a drinking water reservoir 30, a room heater 40 and a floor heater 50. The refrigerant is conducted back into the outdoor unit 10 via the line 12.Fig. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention. The system 100 according to the invention has an external device of the split heat pump 10, from which the refrigerant is conducted via the line 11 into the refrigeration circuit distributor 80. The refrigeration cycle distributor 80 distributes the refrigerant to the indoor unit 70 via the pipes 13, and further distributes the refrigerant to the indoor units 60 and 71, and the refrigerant can flow back to the refrigeration cycle distributor 80 via the pipe 14.Via the line 15, the refrigeration circuit distributor continues to distribute the refrigerant coming from the outdoor unit 10 to the room indoor unit 72, and via the line 16, the refrigerant can flow in circulation back to the refrigeration circuit distributor 80.Room interior equipment 70, 71 and 72 are designed as wall equipment, while room interior equipment 60 is designed as a line equipment.Furthermore, the refrigeration circuit distributor 80 distributes the refrigerant via the line 17 to the internal device 20 of the split heat pump. The refrigerant then flows back to the outdoor unit via the line 18 via the refrigeration circuit distributor 80 and the line 12. The internal device 20 generates warm water for a drinking water reservoir 30. all the thickly drawn connections emanating from the internal device 20 characterize a flow of warm and cold water.Fig. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention. The system 100 according to the invention corresponds largely to the system 100 according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 2. In contrast to the system 100 shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant is not always conducted via the refrigerant distributor 80 into the interior device 20 of the split heat pump, but directly via the line 17. the interior device 20 then heats water for a drinking water tank 30, for a room heater 40 and for a floor heater 50. all connections drawn thickly starting from the interior device 20 identify a flow of warm and cold water.FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention in which an additional heating system is included. The system 100 according to the invention comprises an external device 10 and an internal device 20 of the split heat pump. The internal device 20 is supplied with refrigerant directly via the line 17 and is used to heat water for a drinking water reservoir 30. Further, refrigerant is supplied from the outdoor unit 10 to the indoor units 60 to 72 via the refrigeration cycle distributor 80. In addition, the system 100 has a heating system which is not coupled to the refrigerant circuit of the split heat pump. The gas heater 90 permits additional heating via the room heaters 40.Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with two refrigeration circuit distributors 80,81. The mode of operation of the system according to the invention corresponds largely to the principle already explained for FIGS. 2 to 4. In addition, a further refrigeration circuit distributor 81 is present, which is supplied with refrigerant via the line 21 from the external device 10 of the split heat pump. The refrigeration circuit distributor 81 distributes the refrigerant further to the room interior 73 which is designed as a wall appliance. The refrigerant then flows back to the outdoor unit 10 via the line 19, and each refrigeration circuit distributor 80, 81 is supplied with refrigerant via a separate line 11, 21, respectively.Embodiment 1A system was set up in which the external device and the internal device of the split heat pump made possible a maximum heating power of 14 kW. The interior device further comprised an additional heating rod, with which heat can be additionally supplied if necessary with a power of between 4 and 8 kW. The indoor unit had two heat exchangers. The connections of the refrigerant transporting lines were attached to the bottom of the device and offset in depth in order to save space. A drinking water reservoir with a capacity of 200 l was connected to the internal device.The outdoor unit had a volume of at most 55 dB a day and 45 dB at night at a meter distance from the unit. The external device also enabled a cooling capacity of 8 kW.The COP value of this split heat pump was as follows:COP at A-7W35 = 3,3COP at A2W35 = 4,3COP at A7W35 = 5,0The COP value indicates the ratio of energy to be used and heat generated under standard conditions and thus describes the efficiency of the heat pump used.The system further included a refrigeration cycle manifold. The refrigeration cycle distributor had an inlet for the refrigerant coming from the outdoor unit and 5 outlets. Two wall devices were connected to the refrigeration circuit distributor. Each wall appliance had a fan which could be adjusted in 4 stages. In the various fan stages, the apparatus operates at 18, 29, 30 and 31 dB loudness. The wall appliances could cool with a power of 1 to a maximum of 4 kW heating and with a power of between 1 to 2.5 kW. The wall devices could be radio controlled and have LED illumination on the back and bottom to allow ambient illumination.List of reference characters10 External device 12-19 Refrigerant lines 20 Internal device 21 Refrigerant line 30 Drinking water store 40 Room heater 41 Room thermostat 50 Floor heater 60 Support device as room internal device 70-72 Wall device as room internal device 80, 81 Refrigeration circuit distributor 90 Gas heater 100 SystemReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedWO 2022 / 094387 A1

[0006] WO 2013 / 138695 A1

[0006]

Claims

System (100) comprising a split heat pump comprising an external device (10) and an internal device (20) with a hydraulic switch; at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80); at least one room internal device; characterized in that the external device (10) of the split heat pump and the internal device (20) of the split heat pump are part of an air-water heat pump; and the external device (10) of the split heat pump, the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80) and the at least one room internal device form an air-air heat pump.The system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the indoor room device is selected from the group comprising line devices (60) and wall devices (70).The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one indoor room device comprises a fan.System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one interior room device has an electric heater in the form of a heating mat.The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indoor room appliance has one or more additional functions selected from the group comprising filter function, fresh air intake, fragrancing, dehumidifying, humidifying, radio controlled thermostat, CO 2- sensor, lighting, heating mat.System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one room interior device has a heating and / or a cooling function.The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system comprises a further heating system.System (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the further heating system is a gas heater (90) or an oil heater.The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indoor unit (20) of the split heat pump is connected to one or more devices selected from the group comprising hot water storage (30), heating elements (40), floor heating (50), pool heat exchanger, gas heating (90).The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system comprises a plurality of refrigeration circuit distributors (80), each refrigeration circuit distributor (80) being connected by a separate connection to the external device (10) of the split heat pump.System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of interior room appliances are connected to the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80).System (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal device (20) of the split heat pump is connected to the at least one refrigeration circuit distributor (80).The system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indoor unit (20) comprises an additional heating rod.

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