ABC protective filter material, especially in the form of a textile laminate, with defined elasticity

Abstract

ABC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having or consisting of a plurality of threads (3d, 3e), wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c), wherein the woven fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textile-based filter materials, such as surface filter materials. In particular, the present invention relates to the technical field of textile-based protective filter materials, which can be used, for example, in military or civilian applications, such as in particular for or as protective equipment and protective clothing that have a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear or radioactive pollutants, as well as in the context of various technical filter applications or the like.

[0002] Against this background, the present invention relates in particular to an ABC protective filter material or CBRN protective filter material (synonymously also referred to as protective filter material or surface filter material), preferably textile ABC or CBRN protective filter material, preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item (CBRN protective clothing), wherein the ABC protective filter material has a high or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, and wherein the ABC protective filter material in particular has a protective function against harmful or toxic substances (with ABC = atomic, biological and chemical and with CBRN = chemical, biological, radioactive and nuclear, the terms “ABC” on the one hand and “CBRN” on the other hand being used synonymously in the context of the present invention). The protective filter material according to the invention is characterized in particular by a high orimproved elasticity in at least one direction (preferably only in one direction), preferably in the transverse direction. In particular, the invention provides a special protective filter material with defined elasticity or transverse elasticity (elastic or transversely elastic protective filter material).

[0003] In this context, the present invention, with regard to the protective filter material according to the invention, is aimed in particular at the technical field of ABC or CBRN protective clothing, as it can be used in particular for military purposes or for civilian purposes, for example in the field of hazard prevention, firefighting or in the field of disaster control or the like. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the technical field of ABC or CBRN filters or technical filter applications or filter units which can be used, for example, for the treatment or purification of fluid media (i.e. gaseous or liquid media, in particular gaseous media such as air or the like), for example in the context of the treatment or processing of room or ambient air or breathing air.

[0004] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of elastically formed weft threads or elastically formed warp threads, preferably elastically formed weft threads, in a textile carrier layer designed as a woven fabric, as used for a protective filter material, or of elastically formed threads of one of the thread systems forming a woven fabric, in particular of elastically formed threads of only one of the thread systems, for providing elasticity, in particular high or improved elasticity, of a protective filter material, preferably for providing elasticity in only one (extension) direction, preferably transverse direction, of a protective filter material which has a relevant woven fabric or carrier layer.

[0005] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of a special carrier layer or a special carrier material for providing a defined elasticity of a protective filter material, in particular for increasing or improving the elasticity, preferably for providing an elasticity in only one (extension) direction, preferably transverse direction, of a protective filter material which has or consists of a relevant fabric or carrier layer.

[0006] The present invention also relates to specific uses of the protective filter material according to the invention, namely in particular for the production of protective equipment or protective articles, in particular protective clothing, as well as for the production of filters and filter materials of all kinds.

[0007] The present invention also relates to protective equipment and protective articles, in particular protective clothing, and filters and filter materials which comprise the protective filter material according to the invention or which are produced using the protective filter material according to the invention.

[0008] Protective filter materials or surface filter materials, which usually have textile-based components or textile functional and carrier materials or layers, are generally subject to high demands, both with regard to their use for or as protective clothing and their application for or as (technical) filters or filter materials. In particular, while ensuring a high level of wearer comfort in the case of protective clothing, the highest possible and lasting protection against harmful or toxic substances and thus a high level of ABC or CBRN protection should be provided. This is particularly true given that harmful or toxic substances, such as chemical warfare agents or toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), often pose a high health risk in the event of corresponding exposure or underlying contact.

[0009] The underlying protective filter materials or surface filter materials should in particular provide efficient, reliable and long-lasting protection against chemical, biological, nuclear and radioactive pollutants or toxins, even under challenging operating conditions, for example with regard to protective clothing. A technical and design challenge can also be seen in the fact that, particularly in the case of protective clothing or equipment based on the underlying protective filter materials, good properties are also provided in terms of wearing comfort as well as the adaptability and fit of the protective clothing in the application or operational state, for example with regard to the suppleness, exact fit and secure fit of the protective clothing even under adverse conditions during use or in use.The application is relevant, for example, in military operations or in disaster relief operations, etc. A good, close-fitting fit should be ensured even in areas of the body with high mobility.

[0010] In this context, a further challenge lies in ensuring, at a technical level, good manufacturing or production of underlying protective filter materials or surface filter materials, resulting in high-quality materials. This also requires good processing into protective filter materials or technical filters, for example, with regard to the provision of precisely fitting cuts or the like with optimized material utilization.

[0011] In the state of the art, textile protective filter materials are used, for example, to provide NBC or CBRN protective suits in the military sector (i.e. for military personnel or soldiers, often as additional protection in defense or combat operations) but also in the civilian sector or civil protection sector (i.e. for example for personnel involved in disaster or fire operations, such as firefighters). Another area of ​​application is industrial applications, for example in the chemical industry, such as in the handling or control of toxic industrial chemicals (TICs). Appropriate protective filter materials in the form of protective clothing or suits are also intended to provide additional protection against exposure to human toxicological agents orProvide substances such as those that can be released in accidents in the chemical industry or nuclear facilities, for example, in connection with or as a result of natural disasters. In the military sector, additional protection against chemical poisons or warfare agents is also to be provided.

[0012] The state of the art has not always satisfactorily succeeded in combining diametrically opposed or opposing product properties in one and the same material, for example, with regard to providing high wearing comfort of protective clothing with high mechanical resistance and providing high and lasting protection against harmful or toxic substances. One challenge here is also to enable the widest possible range of protection, especially given that harmful or toxic substances generally exhibit high physicochemical and toxicological variability and, in this context, can be present, for example, as aerosols, gases, droplets, contaminated particles, or the like, with varying levels of toxicity. This also necessitates the provision of a broad range of protection.

[0013] Not least in connection with providing a high level of protection against harmful or toxic substances, the wearability and fit of protective clothing during use (as worn) are particularly important. In particular, a good fit of protective clothing is associated with improved protective properties and reduced stress on the user or wearer, while also improving comfort. This, too, is not always satisfactorily achieved in the current state of technology.

[0014] Suboptimal wearing comfort or a poor fit of protective clothing also leads in particular to increased physical strain on the user or wearer. A poor fit can often also result in undesirable slipping of the protective clothing, for example during increased physical movement or activity under operational conditions. It should also be emphasized that a poor fit of protective clothing during use or use can sometimes even restrict the user's physical mobility, which leads to deterioration in operational or working conditions. In particular, wrinkles or creases can form on mobile parts of the user's body, such as the knee joints, hips, shoulders and elbows, resulting in unpleasant wearing comfort and increased material stress.

[0015] A poor fit or reduced adaptation of protective clothing to body movements can not only result in reduced wearer comfort or insufficient convenience, but also in an undesirable reduction in the protective clothing's protective performance against harmful or toxic substances. For example, undesirable slipping of the protective clothing can also cause the transition or opening areas (particularly arm or leg openings) of the protective clothing to shift, which can lead to entry points for harmful or toxic substances. In particular, increased stretching or buckling stress, such as occurs with excessive wrinkling, can lead to premature weakening of the material structure or delamination of the layers of a protective material used to form protective clothing.As a result, additional points of entry for harmful or toxic substances may arise in such areas, resulting in a loss of function and an increased risk for the user of toxicological exposure.

[0016] In particular, a suboptimal fit of protective clothing, for example, in the area of ​​joints or similar, leads to a deteriorated wearing comfort due to reduced flexibility during wear or use, which ultimately represents an additional stress factor for the user, along with a negative impact on performance under operational conditions. A suboptimal fit can also lead to undesirable chafing of the clothing, particularly in areas with high mobility.

[0017] To ensure a good fit and precise fit of protective clothing, especially in light of the close-fitting cuts, the elasticity of the material used in the protective clothing is also important. Thus, coordinated elasticity leads to better adaptability and a better fit of the protective clothing, even during physical activity. This also results in improved protection against harmful or toxic substances, as the improved fit minimizes openings or penetration points, for example, in the area of ​​extremity openings or the neck opening of protective clothing.

[0018] However, the protective clothing known in the state of the art and the protective filter materials used in its manufacture do not always exhibit optimal elastic properties. This can lead to a situation where the corresponding protective clothing does not offer optimal wearing properties or comfort due to a poor fit, and may even offer reduced protection against harmful and toxic substances.

[0019] In particular, given the state of the art, it is often necessary to choose an overly large cut for protective clothing due to the lack of elasticity of protective filter materials in order to ensure a certain degree of mobility for the user. However, due to the increased use of material, excessive wrinkling or excessive unfolding of the material can occur in certain parts of the body, such as in the area of ​​the joints, with the previously described adverse effects on wearing comfort and the protective function against harmful or toxic substances. In particular, it is not possible to provide protective clothing with a close-fitting or precisely fitting cut based on protective filter materials with, at best, low or undefined elasticity. Furthermore, the donning and doffing properties are not always optimal.

[0020] The current state of the art has sought to provide a certain degree of elasticity for protective filter materials used in protective clothing. However, these approaches are often insufficient.

[0021] For example, for state-of-the-art protective filter materials, textile carrier materials or layers can often be used to provide a certain elasticity of the overall material, which are in the form of knitted fabrics, such as knitted or warp-knitted fabrics. The use of textile carrier materials based on knitted fabrics does indeed provide a certain elasticity, but the underlying elastic properties are often undefined and can only be specified or adjusted to a limited extent. In particular, a targeted, differentiated development of elasticity for the respective directions of the material in its main plane of extension, and thus in the longitudinal or transverse direction, is generally difficult to implement. This is because such protective filter materials are generally bi-elastic (i.e.(Elastic in both directions, especially longitudinally and transversely, of the main plane of extension of the underlying material). Even on this basis, optimal cuts cannot always be achieved. Manufacturing is also sometimes complex, especially since there can be the disadvantage that separate fabric guidance is often necessary during production.

[0022] The design of bi-elastic protective filter materials based on knitwear as a textile carrier layer is also disadvantageous in that it often results in reduced stability, particularly with regard to delamination of the layers. In particular, due to the sometimes poorly differentiated bi-elastic properties, extensibility of the material often results in excessive stress on the layer composite and, in particular, on the bonding of the respective layers, which can lead to delamination or dissolution of the layer composite, which in turn can be associated with a reduction in the protective function against harmful or toxic substances.

[0023] The situation with knitwear used as backing materials, which generally feature loops as the central weaving element, is such that a differentiated or different development of elastic properties with respect to the respective extension directions is not sufficiently possible. Rather, the underlying weaving elements, in particular loops, are associated with relatively undefined elastic properties overall. Furthermore, such materials based on knitted or crocheted fabrics are often associated with production-related disadvantages. For example, it may be necessary to apply a so-called stretcher lamination during manufacturing or processing, particularly in the form of temporarily inserted stabilizing auxiliary backings. This entails a higher overall material usage and a more complex process.In particular, removing the auxiliary carrier after the material has been manufactured can prove problematic. Often, residue-free removal is impossible or very difficult.

[0024] In addition, the state of the art may also provide for protective filter materials based on textile carrier layers in knitted fabrics to have an increased basis weight while reducing strength, which, for example, is detrimental to wearing comfort. Furthermore, there is often a tendency to dry shrinkage and shrinkage, particularly in the longitudinal direction of the material, due to the winding and further processing based on the textile carrier layer in knitted fabric.

[0025] Furthermore, the prior art for providing protective filter materials, which are used in particular for protective clothing and technical filters or filter materials, also relies on the use of non-elastic carrier materials. Such carrier materials are often based on knitted or woven fabrics. The lack of elasticity sometimes leads to reduced wearing comfort of protective clothing made on this basis. In particular, it is often not satisfactorily possible to provide protective clothing with a close-fitting cut. Furthermore, it is often necessary to compensate for the lack of elasticity through the cut or cut construction, for example, by using more material, in order to enable a certain level of wearing comfort. Consequently, the provision of appropriate protective clothing often requires greater use of material, which is also economically disadvantageous.Particularly in the area of ​​movable body parts, such as the knee or arm joints or the like, excessive wrinkling or bulging of the material can sometimes occur when wearing such protective clothing, accompanied by the previously described disadvantages in terms of comfort and durability of the protective function. In this context, the design of a close-fitting cut is also disadvantageous in that, due to the lack of elasticity, it can sometimes restrict the user's freedom of movement, which in turn is disadvantageous in use and leads to greater strain on the user. In particular, such protective filter materials may also exhibit only limited flexibility or pliability, so that the haptic properties of such materials are not always satisfactory.Such materials generally have only low drapability, particularly with regard to further processing to provide protective clothing.

[0026] EP 2 026 884 A2 and WO 2007 / 071835 A2 and US 2009 / 0093178 A1, respectively, belonging to the same patent family, describe a composite textile material for CBRN applications, comprising a first nonwoven material suitable for forming a physical barrier to the penetration of microorganisms, and a second material suitable for capturing the microorganisms trapped by the first material through absorption and / or adsorption. The composite material may comprise a textile carrier material suitable for supporting the second material. In particular, a concept is pursued that focuses significantly on the filter properties of the underlying composite textile material as such.

[0027] Overall, the above statements show that, with regard to protective or surface filter materials, such as those used for the manufacture of protective clothing or the like, the provision of a defined or specifically specified elasticity while at the same time guaranteeing a high and lasting protective function against harmful or toxic substances is of great importance.

[0028] This also applies correspondingly to protective filter materials used for or as technical filters or filter systems, such as those used for the purification of fluid media. It can also be advantageous in this regard if corresponding protective filter materials exhibit a defined elasticity, as this also allows the handling and application properties of technical filters or filter systems manufactured on this basis to be specifically specified or optimized, for example, with regard to their fit or the like.

[0029] Overall, in light of the above, there is a high demand for protective filter materials with particle or aerosol filter properties or with adsorptive properties against pollutants or toxins, which generally possess improved or defined elastic properties. There is also a high demand for protective or surface filter materials with correspondingly high durability and longevity and, furthermore, good wearability in the case of protective clothing, as well as high purification efficiency while ensuring high throughputs of media to be purified in the case of technical filters or filter systems.

[0030] Against this background, one object of the present invention is in particular to provide a protective filter material, in particular textile protective filter material, which is suitable for use in the military and civilian sectors, preferably for the production of protective clothing, such as protective suits or the like, as well as for the field of technical filter applications, such as for gas or air filters, wherein the previously described disadvantages of the prior art are to be at least largely avoided or at least mitigated.

[0031] In addition, a further object of the present invention is to provide a protective filter material which, compared to the prior art, has improved and, in particular, defined or specially designed elasticity or reversible extensibility. In this regard, a high level of mechanical stability and durability of the protective filter material should also be ensured, namely also with regard to the stability and integrity of the layer structure on which the protective filter material is based and the stability of the respective layers as such. In this case, a high level of functionality and durability of the protective function provided against chemical and, biological, radioactive and, or nuclear pollutants and toxins should also be ensured. In particular, the protective filter material provided should also be suitable for a large number of applications, particularly in the textile and,The material should be suitable for the clothing sector, particularly for the production of protective equipment or clothing with a protective function against harmful or toxic substances. Furthermore, the protective filter material should be equally suitable for the production of filters or filter systems and thus also for technical filter applications.

[0032] A further object of the present invention is also to provide a protective filter material which, with improved or defined elasticity, also has improved application and handling properties. In this context, a particular object of the present invention is to provide a corresponding protective filter material which ensures a high level of wearing comfort, in particular with regard to its use in or as protective clothing, wherein in this context a high level of fit and conformability with regard to movable body parts of a user, such as the areas of body joints or the like, is also to be provided. In particular, on the basis of the protective filter material provided, close-fitting cuts and fits are to be realized in connection with protective clothing. At the same time, a high level of air and moisture transmission is to be achieved.Water vapor permeability should be provided. In particular, the present invention aims to enable an ergonomic cut with an overall optimized or reduced use of material.

[0033] The present invention therefore aims to provide a protective filter material that exhibits improved or defined elasticity, while simultaneously optimizing or at least not negatively impacting other material-specific parameters, such as air permeability, seam or tensile strength, and the mechanical stability of the underlying materials. In particular, high dimensional stability and sufficient recovery properties should be maintained even after multiple or repeated stretching stresses. Furthermore, an overall optimized basis weight should be enabled even with an overall stable layer composite.

[0034] Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a protective filter material, namely based on or in the form of a textile protective filter material, which is also easy to handle in terms of production technology and is generally uncomplicated, and in particular, production should also be possible using conventional production equipment and devices. The sustainability and cost-benefit ratio of such a protective filter material should also be optimized.

[0035] In summary, the present invention seeks to provide a textile protective or surface filter material for numerous applications and uses, which possesses defined elasticity combined with high durability and mechanical stability and resistance. In this regard, it also aims to provide a high level of protection against harmful or toxic substances, even after subjecting the material to high or repeated stretching stress. In particular, it also aims to exhibit good stretch repeat properties and high air and water vapor permeability, while maintaining high flexibility.

[0036] To achieve the above-described object, the present invention thus proposes - according to a first aspect of the present invention - an ABC protective filter material (in particular a textile ABC protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular an ABC protective filter material with high or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction (in particular in only one direction, more preferably only in the transverse direction) and in particular an air-permeable or water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material with a protective function against harmful or toxic substances with high or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction (or in only one direction, more preferably only in the transverse direction) according to claim 1; further advantageous developments and refinements of this aspect of the invention are the subject of the corresponding auxiliary and dependent claims.

[0037] A further subject matter of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the present invention - is the use of elastically designed weft threads or elastically designed warp threads, preferably only elastically designed weft threads, in a carrier layer of a protective filter material designed as a woven fabric or of elastically designed threads in a carrier layer designed as a woven fabric to increase and / or improve or to provide elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, of an ABC protective filter material comprising the carrier layer, according to the independent claim relating to this use. Further advantageous embodiments of the use according to the invention according to this aspect are the subject matter of the relevant subclaims.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention—according to a third aspect of the present invention—also relates to the use of a special carrier layer or carrier material for providing elasticity to a protective filter material, preferably for providing elasticity in only one direction to a protective filter material that has or consists of a corresponding carrier layer, according to the independent claim relating to this use. Further advantageous embodiments of the inventive use according to this aspect are the subject of the relevant subclaims.

[0039] A further subject matter of the present invention—according to a fourth aspect of the present invention—is the use of the ABC protective filter material according to the invention for the production of protective equipment or protective articles, in particular protective clothing, of all kinds, or for the production of filters and filter materials of all kinds according to the respective independent use claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the uses according to the invention are the subject matter of the relevant subclaim.

[0040] Yet another subject matter of the present invention—according to a fifth aspect of the present invention—are the protective equipment according to the invention, in particular protective clothing, or protective articles, which contain the protective filter material according to the invention or are produced using the protective filter material according to the invention, according to the relevant independent claim relating to the protective equipment or protective articles according to the invention. Further advantageous embodiments of this aspect of the present invention are the subject matter of the relevant subclaim.

[0041] Furthermore, a further subject matter of the present invention—according to a sixth aspect of the present invention—also includes filters and filter materials comprising the protective filter material according to the invention or produced using the protective filter material according to the invention, according to the related independent claim relating to the filters or filter materials according to the invention. Further advantageous embodiments of this aspect of the present invention are the subject matter of the related subclaim.

[0042] It goes without saying that in the following description of the present invention, such configurations, embodiments, advantages, examples or the like which are explained below - for the purpose of avoiding unnecessary repetition - only for a single aspect of the invention, naturally also apply accordingly with regard to the other aspects of the invention, without the need for an express mention thereof.

[0043] Furthermore, it goes without saying that the following specifications of values, numbers, and ranges are not to be understood as limiting; it is self-evident to the person skilled in the art that, depending on the individual case or application, deviations from the specified ranges or specifications may occur without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, all values ​​or parameter specifications or similar information mentioned below can generally be determined using standardized or explicitly specified determination procedures or, failing that, using determination or measurement methods familiar to a person skilled in the art. Unless otherwise stated, the underlying values ​​or parameters are determined under standard conditions (i.e., in particular at a temperature of 20 °C and / or at a pressure of 1,013.25 hPa or 1.01325 bar). In particular, in this context, standard climate conditions in accordance with DIN EN ISO 139:2011 can be used.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be noted that with all relative or percentage quantities listed below, especially those based on weight, these quantities must be selected or combined by the person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention in such a way that the total—if necessary, including other components or ingredients, in particular as defined below—always amounts to 100% or 100% by weight. However, this is self-evident to the person skilled in the art.

[0046] Furthermore, the person skilled in the art may, if necessary, deviate from the values ​​or ranges of the amounts or contents of the ingredients or components present, depending on the application or the individual case, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0047] Furthermore, it goes without saying that individual aspects and embodiments of the present invention are also deemed to be disclosed in any combination with other aspects and embodiments of the present invention and, in particular, any combination of features and embodiments as they result from the references to all claims is deemed to be comprehensively disclosed, with regard to all resulting combination possibilities.

[0048] In particular, with regard to the features characterizing the invention, any combination of these features is deemed to be disclosed, whereby embodiments of the various features with the same preference are preferred in their combination (e.g., amounts or ranges of amounts of the relevant ingredients with the same preference, or the like). Likewise, all other combinations (i.e., combinations based on different preferences or different levels of preference) are also disclosed.

[0049] With this in mind, the present invention is described and explained in more detail below, also with reference to drawings or figure representations showing preferred embodiments or exemplary embodiments.

[0050] The subject matter of the present invention - according to a first aspect of the present invention - is thus an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material with high and / or improved elasticity [preferably determined as total elongation, in particular according to DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13), preferably with a force limit of 20 Newtons (20 N)] in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction (in particular only in one direction, more preferably only in the transverse direction), preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants ("ABC or CBRN protective function"), in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure, in particular of several interconnected layers (layers), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer with two opposite sides, one of its two sides (“functional side”) being coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive and / or one of its two sides (“functional side”) having a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive applied thereto, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer with two opposite sides and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer is connected via one of its two sides by means of the adhesive to the textile carrier layer, in particular to the side of the carrier layer coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer, wherein the cover layer is connected to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer; wherein the protective filter material according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer is formed as a woven fabric with a plurality of warp threads and with a plurality of weft threads; wherein the weft threads are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads or the weft threads, preferably only the weft threads, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer is designed as a woven fabric with two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems, in particular only one of the thread systems, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer is designed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0051] Due to the special design of the fabric used as the textile carrier layer, the protective filter material according to the invention—and this also in conjunction with the other technical measures provided for the protective filter material according to the invention—exhibits a defined or tailored elasticity. Thus, the protective filter material according to the invention exhibits high or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, and in particular only in one direction, more preferably only in the transverse direction.

[0052] The term "direction," as used within the scope of the present invention, particularly for the formation of the elastic properties of the fabric used as a carrier layer or of the protective filter material comprising this carrier layer according to the invention, refers in particular to one of the two (extension) directions in the main extension plane of the fabric used as a carrier material or of the protective filter material as a whole, in particular wherein the respective directional courses lie at an angle of 90° to one another. In particular, within the scope of the present invention, in this context, one direction is determined or formed by one of the two thread systems forming the fabric.In particular, it is the case that the fabric has or is formed from two thread systems with threads arranged at least substantially parallel to one another in a respective thread system, wherein a first direction runs parallel to the threads of one thread system and the second direction runs parallel to the threads of the other thread system.

[0053] In particular, the underlying directions can be the longitudinal direction on the one hand and the transverse direction of the protective filter material or of the fabric used as a carrier layer on the other. Specifically, one direction, in particular the longitudinal direction, can be determined by the course of the warp threads or the warp thread system of the fabric (longitudinal direction or direction parallel to the course of the warp threads, synonymously referred to as warp direction or warp thread direction) and the other direction, in particular the transverse direction, can be determined by the course of the weft threads or the weft thread system of the fabric (transverse direction or direction parallel to the course of the weft threads, synonymously referred to as weft direction or weft thread direction).As far as the aforementioned directional information is concerned, this refers equally to the protective filter material as such, which has the fabric as the textile carrier layer. The longitudinal direction (or warp direction) or transverse direction (or weft direction) of the fabric used as the carrier layer thus also refers to the protective filter material according to the invention as a whole.

[0054] The terms “direction” and “extension direction” are used synonymously here.

[0055] Within the scope of the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment, the fabric or the carrier layer or the protective filter material according to the invention is designed to be elastic in only one direction (with the other direction then being designed to be particularly non-elastic). The elastic direction is in particular the transverse direction or weft direction, so that the fabric or the carrier layer or the protective filter material according to the invention is elastic in particular only in the transverse direction or weft direction (with the fabric or the carrier layer or the protective filter material then being designed to be non-elastic in the other direction and thus in particular in the longitudinal direction or warp direction).

[0056] Thus, the protective filter material or the fabric in particular has monoelastic properties (i.e., elasticity in only one direction) or an anisotropic elasticity with respect to the extension directions of the protective filter material or the fabric. Thus, it can be provided, in particular, that only one of the thread systems of the fabric or only the threads used for this thread system are elastic (wherein, in this context, the invention in particular provides that the other direction or the other thread system with the relevant threads is non-elastic). According to an embodiment of the invention, it is preferably the case that (only) the transverse direction of the protective filter material or the fabric is elastic. Thus, the protective filter material or the fabric according to the invention in particular has elasticity in the transverse direction and preferably only in the transverse direction (i.e.,According to the invention, it is particularly the case that the longitudinal direction of the fabric is non-elastic. As explained above, according to the invention, it can behave in particular such that the protective filter material according to the invention or the fabric is elastic in the weft direction, preferably only elastic in the weft direction, in particular as a result of an elastic weft thread system or elastic weft threads (wherein the invention in this context particularly provides that the warp thread system or the warp threads is / are non-elastic).

[0057] The applicant has surprisingly discovered that, through the targeted and purposeful formation of a defined elasticity (according to which the fabric or protective filter material is preferably elastic in only one direction, preferably only in the transverse direction or only in the weft direction), overall improved properties can be achieved for the protective filter material according to the invention. Thus, particularly in the case of protective clothing, improved wearing comfort can be provided, while at the same time, high mechanical stability is achieved for the protective filter material according to the invention, for example with regard to the integrity or stability of the layer structure. Consequently, the invention provides a high and lasting protective function against chemical pollutants or toxins, even under adverse operating conditions, while simultaneously improving ergonomics.Within the scope of the present invention, diametrically opposed properties are combined in one and the same protective filter material. In particular, the applicant has surprisingly discovered that the development of a defined elasticity is crucial for a good fit and high wearing comfort, with the protective clothing sitting well during use or in use.

[0058] According to the invention, it is entirely surprising that the provision of a defined elasticity or an elasticity which is defined or differentiated with regard to the respective directions of the fabric or the protective filter material according to the invention (according to which elasticity is preferably present only in one material direction, preferably only in the transverse or weft direction) is accompanied by numerous application-specific, manufacturing-specific or production-specific advantages.

[0059] Thus, given the mechanical stability of the protective filter material, particularly with regard to its layer structure and integrity, it is possible to provide excellent wearing comfort and improved ergonomics for protective clothing. Due to the defined elasticity, an optimized cut can be achieved for the protective clothing with a high level of conformability and a close-fitting fit. Protective clothing also offers an optimal fit and a very good fit even in areas of the body with high mobility, such as joints (especially knee joints, hip area, shoulder or elbow joints, or the like).

[0060] The optimal cut, along with the improved fit, also leads to less physical strain on the user when using or wearing the protective clothing, especially since high body mobility is ensured with a comfortable fit. This also leads to reduced stress and thus to improved performance for the user. Due to the specially designed elasticity of the protective filter material on which the protective clothing is based according to the invention, a secure fit of the protective clothing is guaranteed even during strenuous physical activity, while also preventing bulging or excessive wrinkling, even in the user's joint area. This also prevents chafing or the like. In particular, the protective filter material according to the invention and the protective clothing produced on this basis are overall supple and therefore comfortable to wear.

[0061] Furthermore, the air and water vapor permeability prevents heat buildup even under intense physical exertion. Ensuring a high level of comfort is also significant and particularly advantageous, as it further reduces the physical and physiological stress on the wearer of the protective clothing.

[0062] Providing a close-fitting cut with a tight fit also leads to reduced unwanted air exchange in the area of ​​the openings (such as arm or leg openings or in the neck area) of the protective clothing. This is because, on the one hand, the protective clothing produced on the basis of the protective filter material according to the invention has a close fit to the body, even in the area of ​​the aforementioned openings. Furthermore, when the user physically moves, a so-called "pumping effect," which can result from an undesirable change in the volume of the space between the protective clothing and the wearer in the case of poorly fitting protective clothing, is avoided or reduced. Overall, this prevents unwanted exchange of ambient air, which may be contaminated with harmful or toxic substances, through the aforementioned openings in the protective clothing.Such air exchange is particularly undesirable because the ambient air directly impacts the wearer of the protective clothing without passing through the protective layer of the protective clothing or the protective filter material, which must be avoided with regard to exposure to harmful or toxic substances. In particular, the improved and tight fit of the protective clothing prevents excessive slipping of the protective clothing even under adverse operating conditions, thus providing excellent overall protection against harmful or toxic substances.

[0063] Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention also exhibits high flexibility and pliability, along with equally improved haptic properties. This, combined with the defined and differentiated elasticity, leads to a further improvement in wearing comfort. In particular, even with a close-fitting cut and corresponding fit, a good fit is provided, as previously mentioned, even in the area of ​​body joints.

[0064] The good fit and excellent fit with the close-fitting cut of protective clothing made from the protective filter material according to the invention also leads to lower mechanical stress on the material itself, thus ensuring high stability and durability of the protective performance. In particular, even in the corresponding areas of increased movement, there is little mechanical force acting on the layer structure of the protective filter material, ensuring permanent protection against harmful or toxic substances at such critical points, especially under adverse operating conditions.

[0065] In particular, the protective filter material according to the invention, due to the special design of the carrier layer in the form of the fabric, exhibits high mechanical stability, for example, even against mechanical forces such as impact, tearing, and localized pressure loads. In particular, the stability of the protective filter material according to the invention is maintained during and after production or processing. The defined elasticity provided by the invention, in particular transverse elasticity or elasticity in the weft direction, leads overall to an increase in wearing comfort, while also enabling a more ergonomic cut with regard to the protective clothing. Furthermore, as previously mentioned, high stability is achieved with simplified production, particularly compared to knitwear used as a carrier layer.

[0066] Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention exhibits a high degree of resilience, or at most, only a slight residual elongation, even after repeated or permanent tensile stress. This is accompanied by the provision of excellent protection against harmful or toxic substances, since, given the integrity of the layer structure, the components of the protective layer are protected, specifically with regard to their arrangement within the protective layer or protective filter material (for example, with regard to the spacing and arrangement of particulate adsorption materials or adsorbents or the like).

[0067] Due to the defined elasticity, the present invention allows for optimization of the cut construction with regard to protective clothing or technical filters, which also results in material savings.

[0068] The defined elasticity, in particular transverse elasticity or elasticity in the weft direction, of the fabric used as the carrier layer for the protective filter material or of the protective filter material according to the invention results in overall better handling when cutting the material, as is required, for example, for the production of protective clothing. This ultimately results in optimized material use with improved cutting, whereby close-fitting cuts for protective clothing can be implemented while maintaining high wearing comfort. The transverse elasticity of the fabric or of the protective filter material, which is preferably present according to the invention, thus leads to an increased wearing comfort of the resulting protective clothing and also enables a more ergonomic cut for the protective clothing.

[0069] Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention exhibits excellent regeneration properties. This results in minimal dry shrinkage combined with high wash resistance. Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention exhibits optimal properties with regard to providing a low basis weight, while simultaneously maintaining high stability and maintaining overall air and water vapor permeability (which equally benefits wearer comfort).

[0070] Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention also offers production and manufacturing advantages. In particular, the fabric underlying the protective filter material and used as a carrier layer, as well as the protective filter material as a whole, can be produced on conventional production lines. Particularly with regard to the embodiment according to the invention, according to which the fabric has anisotropic elasticity and in particular elasticity (only) in the transverse direction or with respect to the weft thread system, as is ensured in particular by the use (only) of elastic weft threads, further optimized handling and production on mechanical weaving machines is achieved, also in view of the fact that, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the warp thread system or the warp threads are non-elastic.

[0071] In this case, high production throughputs and rates can also be achieved because, in particular as a result of the anisotropic development of the elasticity, the protective filter material according to the invention has excellent manufacturing and processing properties. In particular, no separate material handling is required during production. Furthermore, with regard to the present invention, it is not necessary to use stabilising auxiliary carriers during production, as is often the case, for example, for protective filter materials based on knitwear as a textile carrier layer. This also results in lower material usage. Furthermore, the problem of the sometimes time-consuming removal of the auxiliary carriers after the material has been manufactured is eliminated. This means that what is known as a stretcher lamination or stretcher lamination can also be dispensed with during production.The temporary use of stabilising auxiliary supports for elastic carrier materials can be dispensed with, which is accompanied by an optimisation of the material use and the avoidance of residues (which usually remain on the material when the traveller lamination is removed), so that an improved material quality is also achieved.

[0072] As a result of the properties underlying the protective filter material according to the invention, the protective filter material according to the invention can be manufactured simply and on an industrial scale, while the filter material as a whole is also easily standardizable and has uniformly reproducible or specifically adjustable properties. Furthermore, the protective filter material is excellently suited for (further) processing, particularly into protective clothing, (technical) filters, or the like.

[0073] Within the scope of the present invention, there are therefore excellent or further improved production or manufacturing properties with regard to the protective filter material.

[0074] Through the targeted coordination and selection of the weft and warp threads forming the respective thread systems with the yarns used for this purpose, particularly with regard to their respective elastic properties, the elasticity of the protective filter material can also be individually adjusted and fine-tuned. Thus, as explained in more detail below, the elasticity of the protective filter material according to the invention can be tailored, while simultaneously ensuring high mechanical stability of the carrier and the uncomplicated production of the material, as per the invention.

[0075] In the context of the present invention, it is also surprising that other material-specific properties, such as air permeability, seam and tensile strength, bendability or flexibility, are overall retained or equally improved.

[0076] Overall, the protective filter material according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of or use as protective clothing.

[0077] The present properties of the protective filter material according to the invention are also advantageous for the inventive use or design of (technical) filters or technical filter applications, since on this basis equally stable filters or filter systems are provided which, with a high degree of fit and ease of handling, also have excellent filter properties with regard to their production, for example also with regard to the provision of high throughput rates and high filter efficiency.

[0078] In the context of the present invention, a very specially designed fabric with defined or differentiated elasticity is used for the protective filter according to the invention.

[0079] The term “fabric”, as used in the context of the present invention, particularly for the textile-technical design of the carrier layer, is to be understood broadly and refers in particular to a textile fabric which has or consists of a thread arrangement or design or thread system, in particular based on a warp thread system formed by warp threads (synonymously also referred to as warps or warp yarns) on the one hand and a weft thread system formed by weft threads (synonymously also referred to as wefts or weft yarns) on the other. The threads of the respective thread systems, or in particular warp threads and weft threads, or the warp thread system and weft thread system, can preferably cross regularly or in a pattern and in particular at an angle of approximately 90° or approximately 90°. In principle, the fabric can also have special warp or weft types.In general, with regard to the fabric, the warp threads run or are inserted in the longitudinal direction of the fabric, in particular at least substantially parallel to the fabric edge, and the weft threads run or are inserted in the transverse direction, in particular substantially parallel to the fabric edge.

[0080] According to the invention, the terms "yarn" on the one hand and "thread" on the other hand are to be understood equally broadly. In particular, the terms "yarn" and "thread" are used synonymously, whereby the aforementioned terms generally represent a collective term for all linear textile structures. In principle, the yarn or thread can be in the form of a monofilament or a multifilament. In particular, the yarn or thread can comprise one or more fibers or filaments. Alternatively, the yarn or thread can also be in the form of a fiber yarn. In addition, a sheath / core yarn (synonymously also referred to as core / sheath yarn or core / sheath yarn) or a core yarn can be used. In general, corresponding combinations can also be used. Reference can also be made to the following explanations.

[0081] The term “elasticity” or “elastic” (synonymously also referred to as reversible extensibility) used in the invention refers in particular to the property or ability of the protective filter material according to the invention or of the fabric used as the textile carrier layer or of the components or yarns used for this purpose to stretch under the action of a force, in particular a tensile or stretching force (which for the fabric or the protective filter material is equivalent to an increase in length, width or transverse size and for correspondingly elastic yarns to an increase in length), whereby upon relief or removal of the force, in particular removal of the tensile or stretching force, the original size, length or width is at least substantially completely or largely regained, which in turn is accompanied by a reduction in size, length or width (relative to the initial size or length).With regard to the fabric used according to the invention or the protective filter material according to the invention, the elasticity properties can be determined in particular on the basis of DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13). The corresponding elasticity data for the fabric used according to the invention or for the protective filter material according to the invention are, in particular, the total elongation according to the underlying standard.

[0082] In the following, the following invention is described with reference to preferred embodiments or illustrative drawings or figure representations, wherein the relevant statements apply to all aspects of the invention and wherein the correspondingly shown embodiments or configurations of the present invention are in no way limiting.

[0083] In the figure representations shows: Fig. 1 a schematic plan view of a fabric 3c used according to the invention as a textile carrier layer 3, wherein the fabric 3c has a plurality of threads 3d, 3e which form corresponding thread systems 3d', 3e' or wherein the fabric 3c specifically has warp threads 3d in a respective warp thread system 3d' and weft threads 3e in a respective weft thread system 3e' and wherein the (weft) threads 3e in the (weft) thread system 3e' are based on an elastic yarn 8 or are formed therefrom or consist thereof and wherein the (warp) threads 3d in the (warp) thread system 3d' are each based on a non-elastic yarn 9 or are each formed by a non-elastic yarn 9 or consist therefrom; the fabric 3c consequently has anisotropic elastic properties, the fabric being elastic in one (extension) direction, namely in the direction of the (weft) threads 3e or in the transverse or weft direction, and in the direction of the (warp) threads 3d oris non-elastic in the longitudinal or warp direction; therefore, the fabric shown in . Fig. 1, the fabric 3c shown is in particular a transversely elastic fabric; Fig. 1 shows an embodiment according to the invention, according to which the fabric 3c has a plain weave; according to the invention, the fabric 3c can preferably also be designed as a twill (woven fabric) or have a twill weave. Fig. 2A shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the protective filter material 1 comprises, in the sequence shown, a textile carrier layer 3 in the form of a fabric, a protective layer 5, specifically based on, in particular, spherical adsorber particles 5c, and a textile cover layer on the side of the protective layer 5 or the adsorber particles 5c facing away from the carrier layer 3; also illustrates Fig. 2A the bonding of the respective layers to form a laminate using a discontinuously applied adhesive 4 to bond the protective layer 5 or the adsorber particles 5c to the carrier layer 3 and using a further adhesive 7 to bond the protective layer 5 or the adsorber particles 5c to the textile cover layer 6; Fig. 2B shows a further schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1 according to a further embodiment of the present invention, according to which the protective layer 5 arranged between the textile carrier layer 3 or the fabric and the textile cover layer 6 is based on a fibrous or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d or in the form of an adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material); Fig. 3 a schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1 according to the invention, wherein the protective filter material 1 has a textile carrier layer 3 in the form of the fabric and a textile cover layer 6 as well as a protective layer 5 arranged therebetween, which is connected to the textile carrier layer 3 by means of a discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and to the textile cover layer 6 by means of a (further) adhesive 7, wherein the protective layer 5 is designed as a particle or aerosol filter layer) 5e, for example in the form of a HEPA filter (High Efficiency Penetration or Particulate Air); Fig. 4A shows yet another schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1, in which there is a protective layer 5 arranged between the textile carrier layer 3 in the form of the fabric and the textile cover layer 6, which protective layer 5 is formed on the basis of a combination of a layered arrangement of adsorber particles 5c and an additional particle or aerosol filter layer 5e, wherein the particle or aerosol filter layer is arranged on the functional side 3a of the textile carrier layer 3 and wherein the adsorber particles are arranged on the side of the particle or aerosol filter layer 5e facing away from the textile carrier layer; Fig. 4A equally shows the discontinuous bonding of the protective layer 5 or the particles or the aerosol filter layer 5e to the textile carrier layer 3 via the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) as well as the use of a further adhesive 7 (“second adhesive”) for fixing the protective layer via the adsorber particles 5c to the textile cover layer 6 as well as the use of yet another adhesive 10 (“third adhesive”) for fixing or bonding the adsorber particles 5c to the particle or aerosol filter layer 5e; Fig. 4B is yet another schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1 according to the invention, wherein the Fig. 4B shown protective filter material 1 corresponds to that according to Fig. 4A corresponds to the proviso that instead of the adsorbent particles 5c, a fibrous or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d in the form of an adsorptive sheet is used; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of an elastic yarn 8 used according to the invention with a relevant top view and cross-sectional representation, wherein the elastic yarn is produced according to the Fig. 5 is designed as an elastic multi-component yarn or elastic sheath / core yarn, wherein the sheath / core yarn comprises a sheath material 8a, in particular based on a natural fiber material such as cotton (CO), and a core material 8b, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyurethane (PUR); Fig. 6A is yet another schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1 according to the invention with a textile carrier layer 3, a protective layer 5 (based in particular on spherical adsorber particles 5c) and a textile cover layer 6 and with the bonding of the respective layers on the basis of the adhesive 4 and the further adhesive 7 (cf. also Fig. 2A), wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 further comprises an outer layer 11 (outer fabric), wherein the outer layer 11 is arranged on the side of the cover layer 6 facing away from the protective layer 5; Fig. 6B shows another schematic cross-sectional view of an ABC protective filter material 1, in which the protective layer 5 is formed on the basis of a combination of a layered arrangement of adsorber particles 5c and an additional particle or aerosol filter layer 5e, wherein the protective layer 5 is arranged between the textile carrier layer 3 and the cover layer 6 (cf. also Fig. 4A) and wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 further comprises an outer layer 11 (outer fabric), specifically on the cover layer 6, wherein the outer layer 11 is arranged on the side of the cover layer 6 facing away from the protective layer 5.

[0084] The figure representations according to Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B, Fig. 3, Fig. 4A, Fig. 4B and Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B (as well as the further figure representations) particularly illustrate the first aspect of the present invention, according to which, according to the invention, an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), in particular textile ABC protective filter material 1, preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is formed as a woven fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having or consisting of a plurality of threads 3d, 3e, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the other thread system 3d', 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a fabric 3c, wherein the fabric 3c is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0085] Within the scope of the present invention, with regard to the elastic design, it can be provided in particular that the protective filter material 1 is designed to be elastic only in one direction, in particular only in the transverse direction, in particular wherein the protective filter material 1 is designed to be non-elastic in the other direction, in particular in the longitudinal direction.

[0086] In general, it can be provided according to the invention in particular that the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d or the warp threads 3d have a greater elasticity than the weft threads 3e, preferably the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d.

[0087] According to the invention, it is preferred that the threads 3d or 3e (first threads 3d or second threads 3e) of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e' (first thread system 3d' or second thread system 3d') have greater elasticity than the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3e' or 3d'. In this context, it is particularly the case that the weft threads 3e have greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d, or that the weft threads 3e are elastic and the warp threads 3d are non-elastic. According to the invention, it is therefore preferred that the weft thread system 3d' is elastic and the warp thread system 3e' is non-elastic. In general, within the scope of the present invention, it is particularly the case that only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e' is designed to be elastic and that the other of these thread systems 3d' or 3e' is designed to be non-elastic.For example, according to the invention, it can behave in particular in such a way that the thread system 3e' or the relevant threads 3e, in particular the weft thread system 3e' or the weft threads 3e, is or are elastic and that the thread system 3d' or the threads 3d, in particular the warp thread system 3d' or the warp threads 3d, are non-elastic.

[0088] By means of the aforementioned measures according to the invention, an anisotropic elasticity, ie an elasticity in only one of the extension directions of the fabric 3c or of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention, can be provided, accompanied by the advantages and special properties mentioned here.

[0089] According to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular an ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular an ABC protective filter material 1 as defined above, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is formed as a woven fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d or the warp threads 3d have a greater elasticity than the weft threads 3e, preferably wherein the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having or consisting of a plurality of threads 3d, 3e, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the respective other thread system 3d' or 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e have a greater elasticity than the threads 3e or 3d of the respective other thread system 3e' or 3d'; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a fabric 3c, wherein the fabric 3c is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or the fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0090] As particularly in Fig. 1, it can behave in particular according to the invention in such a way that the thread system 3d' is present as a warp thread system (warp thread system 3d') formed from the plurality of warp threads 3d and wherein the thread system 3e' is present as a weft thread system (weft thread system 3e') formed from the plurality of weft threads 3e.

[0091] According to the invention, it is preferred that either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, are elastic or that the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d or the warp threads 3d have a greater elasticity than the weft threads 3e, preferably wherein the weft threads 3e have a greater elasticity than the warp threads 3d.

[0092] Fig. 4 further illustrates a preferred structure of the fabric 3c used according to the invention, namely, the warp threads 3d, in particular in the warp thread system 3d', are arranged to run at least substantially perpendicular to the weft threads 3e and / or the weft threads 3e, in particular in the weft thread system 3e', are arranged to run at least substantially perpendicular to the warp threads 3d. In this context, the warp threads run in particular in the longitudinal direction and the weft threads run in particular in the transverse direction of the fabric 3c. In this context, the formation of the weft threads 3e as elastic weft threads thus leads to elasticity (only in the transverse direction of the fabric 3c).

[0093] Equally illustrated Fig. 4 shows the further development of the fabric 3c used according to the invention, according to which the warp threads 3d, in particular in the warp thread system 3d', are arranged to run at least substantially parallel to one another; and / or, preferably and, wherein the weft threads 3e, in particular in the weft thread system 3e', are arranged to run at least substantially parallel to one another. Furthermore, Fig. 4, the threads 3d, 3e can be arranged to run at least substantially parallel to one another in a respective thread system 3d', 3e'. In the thread system 3d', the threads 3d are arranged to run substantially parallel to one another, and in the thread system 3d', the threads 3e are arranged to run at least substantially parallel to one another.

[0094] Furthermore, according to the invention, it can be provided in particular such that the fabric 3c consists of and / or is formed from the two thread systems 3d', 3e', in particular the warp thread system 3d' and the weft thread system 3e'. In particular, the fabric 3c may not have any further and / or different thread systems and / or any further and / or different fiber systems besides the two thread systems 3d', 3e', in particular the warp thread system 3d' and the weft thread system 3e'.

[0095] Particularly with regard to providing anisotropic elasticity or elasticity in only one of the extension directions of the protective filter material, it can be provided according to the invention that either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof, or that the elastic threads are each formed by at least one elastic yarn 8. According to a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, the situation is such that either all of the warp threads 3d or all of the weft threads 3e, preferably all of the weft threads 3e, are each formed by an elastic yarn 8. By forming elastic weft threads 3e, elasticity can thus be provided only in the transverse direction or in the weft direction 3e' of the fabric 3c.

[0096] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the weft threads 3e each have no non-elastic yarn or are free of a non-elastic yarn. Likewise, it can be provided in this regard that the warp threads 3d are designed to be non-elastic. In particular, it can be provided in this context that the warp threads 3d each have at least one non-elastic yarn 9 or consist of it and / or are formed from it. In particular, it can be provided that the warp threads 3d do not have an elastic yarn or are free of an elastic yarn. In this regard, reference can be made in particular to Fig. 1, which shows an embodiment in which the (weft) threads 3e are each formed on the basis of an elastic yarn 8 and the (warp) threads 3d are each formed in the form of a non-elastic yarn 9, so that the fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in the (weft) direction 3e' than in the (warp) direction 3d'. In particular, a corresponding fabric 3c accordingly has elasticity (only) in the weft direction or a corresponding transverse elasticity.

[0097] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the weft threads 3e each comprise at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or wherein the elastic weft threads 3e are each formed by at least one elastic yarn 8 and wherein the warp threads 3d are non-elastic and / or each comprise a non-elastic yarn 9 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or each comprise no elastic yarn and / or are free of an elastic yarn. In this regard, reference can equally be made to Fig. 1.

[0098] In particular, it can be the case according to the invention that all warp threads 3d or all weft threads 3e, particularly preferably only all weft threads 3e, each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn 8.

[0099] In general, according to the invention, it can be such that at least 40%, in particular at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably 100%, of the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, preferably the simply (individually) inserted weft threads 3e, each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it.

[0100] In particular, it can be provided that every fourth, in particular every third, preferably every second, preferably every one, of the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably the weft threads 3e, preferably the simply (individually) inserted weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, each has at least one elastic yarn 8 or consists of it and / or is formed from it.

[0101] In particular, within the scope of the present invention, all warp threads 3d or all weft threads 3e, preferably only all weft threads 3e, in each case, in addition to the at least one elastic yarn 8, do not have any further yarn different therefrom, in particular do not have any non-elastic yarn or are free of any non-elastic yarn.

[0102] With regard to the differentiated design of the elasticity, according to which the protective filter material 1 or the fabric 3c is only elastic in one direction, it can generally be provided according to the invention that the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular the threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn 8. In this case, in particular all of the threads 3d or 3e of the respective thread system 3d' or 3e' can each be formed on the basis of an elastic yarn 8.

[0103] In this context, it is particularly provided according to the invention that the threads 3d or 3e of the other thread system 3d' or 3e', preferably the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', each have no elastic yarn or are free of an elastic yarn. In particular, it is equally provided in this context that the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3e' or 3d', preferably the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', are non-elastic. In this regard, it is particularly provided that the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3e' or 3d', preferably the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', each have at least one non-elastic yarn 9 or consist of it or are formed from it.Furthermore, in this context it can be provided in particular that the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3e' or 3d', preferably the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', do not have any elastic yarn or are free of any elastic yarn.

[0104] According to the invention, it is preferred that all threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular all threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only all weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', each comprise at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn 8.

[0105] In principle, however, it can also be provided according to the invention that at least 40%, in particular at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably 100%, of the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular of the threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only of the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e' (in other words: of the threads 3e of only the second thread system or only of the weft thread system 3e'), each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it.In particular, it can also be provided according to the invention that the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular the threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only all of the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', do not have any further yarn different from the elastic yarn 8, in particular do not have any non-elastic yarn and / or are in particular free of any non-elastic yarn.

[0106] According to the invention, it can also be provided that every fourth, in particular every third, preferably every second, preferably every one, of the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular of the threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only of the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', each has at least one elastic yarn 8 or consists of it and / or is formed from it.

[0107] According to the invention, it can be provided that the threads 3d or 3e of the other thread system 3d' or 3e', preferably only the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', each comprise at least one non-elastic yarn 9 or consist of it and / or are formed from it. This is also in Fig. 1. This results in the fabric 3c or the protective filter material 1 as a whole being designed to be non-elastic in the corresponding direction in an optimized manner. Consequently, the anisotropic properties, in particular the transverse elastic properties (i.e., in particular elastic properties in the weft direction or transverse to the warp threads 3d or the warp thread system 3d'), are further improved.

[0108] According to the invention, it has proven advantageous with regard to the elastic yarn 8 if the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular an elastic sheath / core yarn (core / sheath yarn).

[0109] In this context, the invention can, in particular, provide for the elastic yarn 8 to be an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as the sheath material 8a. According to the invention, the sheath material 8a can comprise or consist of at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO).

[0110] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention in particular that the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material 8b.

[0111] According to the invention, the core material 8b can be a chemical fiber material, in particular an elastic chemical fiber material, preferably selected from the group of polyurethane (PUR), in particular elastane (EL); polyesters, in particular polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT); and silicones; as well as combinations or mixtures thereof.

[0112] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and that the core material 8b is a chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably selected from the group of polyurethane (PUR), in particular elastane (EL); polyesters, in particular polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT); and silicones; as well as combinations or mixtures thereof; preferably polyurethane (PUR); and / or

[0113] According to the invention, it has proven particularly advantageous with regard to the elastic yarn 8 if the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular an elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and / or, preferably and, with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material 8b.

[0114] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred in this context that the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and / or, preferably and, with a core material 8b based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), particularly preferably based on and / or in the form of elastane (EL) (CO / EL sheath / core yarn). In particular, an elastane of the Lycra type can be used as the core material 8a. ® In general, polyester-based elastic chemical fiber materials, especially polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), can also be used as the elastic material 8a. Silicones can also be used.

[0115] The elastic multi-component yarn or sheath / core yarn preferably used according to the invention is thus in particular a yarn comprising or consisting of two components, namely based on a sheath material 8a on the one hand and a core material 8b on the other. The core or core material 8b is based on or consists in particular of an elastic chemical fiber material or elastic synthetic material (core / sheath yarn). In particular, the core can be formed by a monofilament. Furthermore, the core can be formed on the basis of or in the form of the particularly elastic chemical fiber material, specifically in particular by a monofilament or single yarn based on or in the form of the particularly elastic chemical fiber material, preferably by a polyurethane monofilament or single yarn of polyurethane monofilament. The sheath material 8a comprises orPreferably, it consists of a natural fiber material, such as cotton (CO), which is arranged around the core material 8b. According to the invention, natural animal fiber materials, such as wool, can also be used as the sheath material for the elastic yarn 8.

[0116] The elastic multi-component yarns or multi-component yarns or sheath / core yarns used in the present invention are characterized in particular by high and defined elasticity. Furthermore, the use of these special elastic multi-component yarns or sheath / core yarns as elastic yarn 8 in the fabric 3c is associated with excellent physiological wear properties, which are provided in particular by the natural fiber material as sheath material 8a. This also ensures a good feel and high moisture absorption. Furthermore, such yarns exhibit high material stability.

[0117] For the special multi-component yarn used as elastic yarn 8, the following properties have proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to the formation of differentiated elasticity within the scope of the present invention: Thus, the core material 8b can contain the chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably the polyurethane (PUR), in an amount of at least 75 wt.%, in particular at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85 wt.%, preferably at least 90 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 95 wt.%.

[0118] In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the core material 8b consists of and / or is formed from the chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably polyurethane (PUR).

[0119] In addition, the elastic sheath / core yarn can have a weight ratio of sheath material 8a to core material 8b, in particular of natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), (as sheath material) to chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), (as core material 8b), in the range of (50 to 99): (50 to 1), in particular in the range of (60 to 95): (40 to 5), preferably in the range of (70 to 90): (40 to 10).

[0120] Furthermore, the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and in particular with polyurethane (PUR) as core material 8b (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), can have a weight ratio of sheath material 8a to core material 8b (in particular CO / PUR weight ratio) in the range of (50 to 99): (50 to 1), in particular in the range of (60 to 95): (40 to 5), preferably in the range of (70 to 90): (40 to 10).

[0121] The elastic sheath / core yarns used according to the invention are thus characterized by a high and defined elasticity, even with small amounts or proportions of elastic core material 8b.

[0122] According to the invention, in this context, it can be provided in particular that the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and polyurethane (PUR) as core material 8b (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), is formed as a single yarn. Furthermore, with respect to the sheath / core yarn, a twisted yarn can also be present, in particular with regard to the sheath of the sheath / core yarn.

[0123] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention in particular that the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and polyurethane (PUR) as core material 8b (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), has a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 25 dtex to 175 dtex, in particular in the range from 30 dtex to 150 dtex, preferably in the range from 50 dtex to 125 dtex. In addition, it can be provided that the core (core fiber) of the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the core (core fiber) of the sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and polyurethane (PUR) as core material 8b (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), has a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 20 dtex to 130 dtex, in particular in the range from 30 dtex to 120 dtex, preferably in the range from 35 dtex to 90 dtex.

[0124] According to the invention, with regard to the formation of a differentiated or defined elasticity, it is also advantageous if the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, in particular the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably the weft threads 3e, and / or in particular the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', has a single and / or uniform type of elastic yarn 8, in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn 8, preferably the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material 8a and polyurethane (PUR) as core material 8b (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably with a uniform formation of the sheath and / or the core and / or with a uniform titer.

[0125] According to the invention, with regard to the elastic yarn 8, animal natural fiber materials, such as wool, can also be used as the sheath material 8a.

[0126] Overall, on the basis of the present invention, with the targeted and purposeful use of elastic yarns 8, a defined elasticity can be specified for the fabric 3c used as the textile carrier layer 3 or for the ABC protective filter material 1 according to the invention as a whole, in particular in the form of transversely elastic properties.

[0127] The non-elastic yarn 9 is further described below: According to the present invention, the non-elastic yarn 9 can comprise or consist of at least one non-elastic fiber material, in particular a non-elastic natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO). The non-elastic yarn 9 can be formed as a cotton yarn (CO yarn). For example, the non-elastic yarn 9 can be formed as a non-elastic single yarn with or made of cotton (CO), in particular as a non-elastic natural fiber material.

[0128] In particular, the non-elastic yarn 9 can be a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn (single-component or multi-component fiber), in particular a non-elastic multi-component yarn, preferably a non-elastic sheath / core yarn (core / sheath yarn), preferably a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), (as sheath material 8a) and at least one chemical fiber material, in particular non-elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyester (PES), (as core material 8b).

[0129] Furthermore, the non-elastic yarn 9 can be a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn).

[0130] In this context, the non-elastic yarn 9 designed as a sheath / core yarn is particularly such that it is a yarn comprising or consisting of two components, namely a sheath on the one hand and a non-elastic core on the other. The core is based on or consists in particular of a chemical fiber material or synthetic material, in particular in the form of a synthetic (continuous) thread. In particular, the core can be formed by a multifilament or monofilament, preferably multifilament. In particular, the core can be formed by a polyester multifilament. The sheath material preferably comprises or consists of a natural fiber material, in particular cotton (CO), which is arranged around the core material. According to the invention, with regard to the non-elastic yarn 9, natural animal fiber materials, such as wool, can also be used as the sheath material.

[0131] The multi-component yarns or sheath / core yarns preferably used as non-elastic yarn 9 in the context of the present invention are characterized, in particular, by their underlying non-elasticity and high mechanical resistance and resilience, with these properties being provided in particular by the core material. At the same time, the multi-component yarns or sheath / core yarns used for the non-elastic yarn 9 exhibit excellent physiological wear properties, in that they offer good haptics and high moisture absorption, which is provided in particular by the sheath material. Polyester yarns, such as those available from KOSA GmbH & Co. KG, can be used as the core material, for example.

[0132] For the non-elastic multi-component yarn used as non-elastic yarn 9, in particular non-elastic sheath / core yarn, it can be provided in particular that the core material contains the non-elastic chemical fiber material, in particular the polyester (PES), in an amount of at least 75 wt.%, in particular at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85 wt.%, preferably at least 90 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 95 wt.% (in particular based on the core material 8a).

[0133] In particular, it can be provided that the core material 8b consists of polyester (PES) and / or is formed therefrom.

[0134] In particular, it can be provided for the non-elastic yarn 9 present as a non-elastic sheath / core yarn that the non-elastic sheath / core yarn has a weight ratio of sheath material to core material, in particular of natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO) (as sheath material), to chemical fiber material, in particular non-elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyester (PES), as core material, in the range of (30 to 80): (70 to 20), in particular in the range of (45 to 70): (55 to 30), preferably in the range of (55 to 65): (45 to 35).

[0135] Furthermore, the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn) can have a weight ratio of sheath material to core material (CO / PES weight ratio) in the range of (30 to 80): (70 to 20), in particular in the range of (45 to 70): (55 to 30), preferably in the range of (55 to 65): (45 to 35).

[0136] In addition, the non-elastic yarn 9, in particular the non-elastic single- or multi-component yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), can be designed as a single yarn.

[0137] In this context, the non-elastic single- or multi-component yarn, in particular the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), can have a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 30 dtex to 150 dtex, in particular in the range from 45 dtex to 130 dtex, preferably in the range from 60 dtex to 110 dtex.

[0138] In addition, the core (core fiber) of the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the core (core fiber) of the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), can have a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 25 dtex to 125 dtex, in particular in the range from 40 dtex to 110 dtex, preferably in the range from 50 dtex to 100 dtex.

[0139] In particular, the non-elastic yarn 9, in particular the non-elastic single- or multi-component yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), can have a maximum tensile strength, preferably fineness-related maximum tensile strength, of at least 50 cN / tex, in particular at least 60 cN / tex, preferably at least 70 cN / tex, preferably at least 80 cN / tex, particularly preferably at least 90 cN / tex.

[0140] Preferably, the non-elastic yarn 9, in particular the non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), can have a maximum tensile strength, preferably fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in the range from 50 cN / tex to 500 cN / tex, in particular in the range from 60 cN / tex to 400 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 70 cN / tex to 300 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 80 cN / tex to 250 cN / tex, particularly preferably in the range from 90 cN / tex to 250 cN / tex.

[0141] The maximum tensile strength can be determined in particular according to DIN 53 834-2:1979. Furthermore, for the non-elastic yarn 9, it can also be provided according to the invention that a single or uniform type, in particular of the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as the sheath material and polyester (PES) as the core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), is used, preferably with a uniform sheath and / or core design and / or with a uniform linear density.

[0142] As far as the use of a single or uniform type of non-elastic yarn 9 on the one hand and of elastic yarn 8 on the other hand is concerned, a uniform appearance as well as uniform haptic and physiological properties can be guaranteed on this basis.

[0143] According to an embodiment of the invention, it can be provided in particular that either the weft threads 3e or the warp threads 3d, preferably only the weft threads 3e, each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular elastic sheath / core yarn 8, preferably elastic sheath / core yarn 8 with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material 8b, in particular as defined above.

[0144] In this context, it can be provided in particular that the other threads 3e or 3d, preferably only the warp threads 3d, each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn.

[0145] Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it can generally be provided that the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular the threads 3d or 3e of only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably only the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular elastic sheath / core yarn 8, preferably sheath / core yarn 8 with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material 8b, in particular as defined above.In this context, the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3d' or 3e', preferably only the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', can each comprise or consist of and / or be formed from at least one non-elastic yarn.

[0146] As previously stated, the fabric 3c used as carrier layer 3 or the protective filter material 1 according to the invention has overall defined elastic properties.

[0147] Within the scope of the present invention, the elastic configuration and / or elasticity, in particular of the carrier layer 3 and / or the fabric 3c and / or the protective filter material 1, can be determined as total elongation, in particular according to DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13), preferably with a force limit (force loading or measuring force) of 20 Newtons (20 N), in particular as total elongation of the fabric 3c in the relevant direction, in particular in the warp and / or weft direction or in the direction of the relevant thread system 3d' and / or 3e'. Furthermore, the total elongation can be calculated from the difference between the total change in length (total length) of the fabric 3c or the protective filter material 1 (in particular with a force limit (force loading or measuring force) of 20 Newtons (20 N)) and the initial length in relation to the initial length of the samples, with the relevant information being given in particular as a percentage, based on the initial length.In this regard, reference can also be made to the explanations in particular in section 2.1 of DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13).

[0148] The fabric 3c underlying the protective filter material 1 according to the invention can in particular have the following elastic properties: Thus, the fabric 3c, based on the (warp) direction with the elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the elastic yarn 8 or based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, or preferably based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation of at least 10%, in particular at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 25%. Furthermore, the fabric 3c, based on the (warp) direction with the elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the elastic yarn 8 or based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, or preferably based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation in the range of 10% to 75%, in particular in the range of 10% to 70%, preferably in the range of 10% to 65%, preferably in the range of 15% to 60%.

[0149] In general, the fabric 3c, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' with the elastically designed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation of at least 10%, in particular at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 25%. In this context, the fabric 3c can generally have a total elongation in the range of 10% to 75%, in particular in the range of 10% to 70%, preferably in the range of 10% to 65%, preferably in the range of 15% to 60%, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' with the elastically designed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8. The elastically designed thread system is in particular the thread system 3e' or the weft thread system 3e'. The elasticity properties stated for the thread system 3d' or 3e' refer in particular to the (longitudinal) direction of the threads 3d or 3e underlying the respective thread system.The thread system with the elastically formed threads or with the elastic yarn 8 is in particular the thread system 3e', preferably the weft thread system 3e'.

[0150] The aforementioned elastic properties can be achieved or adjusted in particular by using at least one elastic yarn 8, in particular as defined above. In this context, the elastic yarn 8 can correspondingly have elastic properties that enable the aforementioned elastic properties of the fabric. In particular, the elastic threads or the elastic yarn 8 can be designed such that the aforementioned elastic properties are obtained for the fabric 3c.

[0151] Furthermore, the fabric 3c, based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9 or based on the (weft) direction without elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, preferably based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, can have a total elongation of at most 12.5%, in particular at most 10%, preferably at most 7.5%, preferably at most 5%.

[0152] In this context, the fabric 3c, based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9 or based on the (weft) direction without elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, preferably based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, can have a total elongation in the range of 1% to 12.5%, in particular in the range of 1.5% to 10%, preferably in the range of 2% to 7.5%, preferably in the range of 2.5% to 5%. The relevant elasticity specifications relate in particular to the (longitudinal) direction of the threads in the respective thread system 3d' or 3e'.

[0153] In general, the fabric 3c, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' without elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, can have a total elongation of at most 12.5%, in particular at most 10%, preferably at most 7.5%, preferably at most 5%.

[0154] In this context, the fabric 3c can generally, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' without elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, have a total elongation in the range of 1% to 12.5%, in particular in the range of 1.5% to 10%, preferably in the range of 2% to 7.5%, preferably in the range of 2.5% to 5%. The aforementioned thread system without elastically formed threads or with the non-elastic yarn is in particular the thread system 3d', preferably the warp thread system 3d' of the fabric 3c.

[0155] Furthermore, the protective filter material according to the invention also has defined elasticity properties, as stated below: Thus, the protective filter material 1, based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the elastic yarn 8 or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, preferably based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation of at least 5%, in particular at least 7.5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%.In this context, the protective filter material 1, based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the elastic yarn 8 or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, preferably based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation in the range of 5% to 65%, in particular in the range of 7.5% to 60%, preferably in the range of 10% to 55%, preferably in the range of 15% to 50%.

[0156] Furthermore, the protective filter material 1, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation of at least 5%, in particular at least 7.5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%. In this context, the protective filter material 1, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' of the fabric 3c with the elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the elastic yarn 8, can have a total elongation in the range of 5% to 65%, in particular in the range of 7.5% to 60%, preferably in the range of 10% to 55%, preferably in the range of 15% to 50%.

[0157] The thread system with the elastically formed threads or with the elastic yarn is in particular the thread system 3e', preferably the weft thread system 3e', of the fabric 3c.

[0158] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the protective filter material 1, based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9 or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, preferably based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 8, has a total elongation of at most 4%, in particular at most 3%, preferably at most 2.5%, preferably at most 2%.

[0159] In this context, it can be provided in particular that the protective filter material 1, based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9 or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed weft threads 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, preferably based on the (warp) direction of the fabric 3c without elastically formed warp threads 3d and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, has a total elongation in the range of 0.5% to 4%, in particular in the range of 0.75% to 3%, preferably in the range of 1% to 2.5%, preferably in the range of 1.5% to 2%.

[0160] In general, the protective filter material 1, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' of the fabric 3c without elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, can have a total elongation of at most 4%, in particular at most 3%, preferably at most 2.5%, preferably at most 2%.

[0161] In this context, the protective filter material 1 can generally have, based on the thread system 3d' or 3e' of the fabric 3c without elastically formed threads 3d or 3e and / or with the non-elastic yarn 9, a total elongation in the range of 0.5% to 4%, in particular in the range of 0.75% to 3%, preferably in the range of 1% to 2.5%, preferably in the range of 1.5% to 2%.

[0162] Furthermore, the ratio of the elasticities in the respective directions of the fabric 3c or of the protective filter material 1 is also of great importance. Thus, according to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the fabric 3c and / or the protective filter material 1 has a ratio of the elasticity of the elastically designed thread system 3d' or 3e, in particular of the weft thread system 3e' and / or in the (weft) direction, on the one hand, to the elasticity of the non-elastic thread system 3d' or 3e, in particular of the warp thread system 3d' and / or in the (warp) direction, on the other hand, in the range of 1.25 to 130, in particular in the range of 2.5 to 80, preferably in the range of 4 to 55, more preferably in the range of 7.5 to 35. This equally results in improved application and manufacturing properties with regard to the protective filter material according to the invention.

[0163] Furthermore, the fabric 3c used or present as the carrier layer 3 can also have the following properties: Thus, the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, can have a twill weave or a plain weave and / or be present as a twill weave or a plain weave and / or be designed as a twill weave or a plain weave. According to the invention, the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, can preferably have a twill weave and / or be present as a twill weave and / or be designed as a twill weave.

[0164] In general, the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, can thus have a plain weave and / or be present as a plain weave and / or be designed as a plain fabric.

[0165] In particular, the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, can have an L1 / 1 weave and / or be present as an L1 / 1 weave. This allows, in particular, a dense structure of the fabric 3c with a close interlacing of warp and weft threads. Likewise, this results in identical material sides for the fabric 3c.

[0166] In this context, it can be provided in particular that the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, has at least substantially no floats (floats), in particular no warp threads extending over at least two weft threads 3e and / or spanning these in each case and / or in particular no weft threads extending over at least two warp threads 3d and / or spanning these in each case and / or in particular no weft threads extending over at least two warp threads 3d and / or spanning these in each case and / or in particular in a respective one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' has no threads which extend over and / or span at least two threads 3d, 3e of the respective other thread system 3d' or 3e'.

[0167] According to an embodiment of the invention that is preferred in this context, it can also be provided that the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, has a twill weave and / or is present as a twill weave and / or is designed as a twill weave. In particular, the carrier layer 3, preferably the fabric 3c, can have a K2 / 1 weave, K3 / 1 weave, K4 / 1 weave, K2 / 2 weave or K3 / 2 weave; in particular a K2 / 1 weave, K3 / 1 weave or K4 / 1 weave, preferably a K2 / 1 weave. The design of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c as a twill (woven fabric) is associated in particular with the advantages of providing high stability, high flexibility and improved (propagation) tear resistance, in particular also compared to a plain weave.

[0168] Furthermore, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have a warp thread count and / or warp thread density (number and / or density of the warp threads 3d) in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 warp threads / cm.

[0169] In particular, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have a weft thread count and / or weft thread density (number and / or density of the weft threads 3e) in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 weft threads / cm.

[0170] In addition, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have at least substantially identical and / or equal values ​​for the number of warp threads and / or warp thread density on the one hand and the number of weft threads and / or weft thread density on the other. Furthermore, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have a thread count and / or thread density, based on a respective one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' and / or in particular independently of one another, in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 weft threads / cm.

[0171] Furthermore, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have at least substantially identical and / or equal values ​​for the thread count and / or thread density in one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' on the one hand and the thread count and / or thread density in the other of the thread systems 3d', 3e' on the other hand. In particular, DIN EN 1049 Part 2 can be used for this purpose.

[0172] The fabric used as carrier layer 3 is also characterized by an overall optimized basis weight. Overall, low basis weights can be achieved for fabric 3c, while still maintaining the stability of the material. In particular, high flexibility and pliability are also ensured, which further benefits wearer comfort in the case of protective clothing.

[0173] In this context, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 up to 250 g / m2 , especially in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 200 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 60 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 70 g / m 2 up to 120 g / m 2 , have. The basis weight can be determined in particular according to DIN EN 12127:1997, preferably after 24 hours of conditioning or at a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65% ± 4%.

[0174] The thickness, in particular the cross-sectional thickness, of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c is also of corresponding importance with regard to the functional properties, for example with regard to bendability, flexibility, stability, and air permeability. In general, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have a thickness, in particular the cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.01 mm to 10 mm, in particular in the range from 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably in the range from 0.075 mm to 3 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 1.5 mm. The thickness or cross-sectional thickness can be determined in particular according to DIN EN ISO 5084:1996.

[0175] Furthermore, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have an air permeability of at least 5 l·m -2 s -1 , in particular at least 10 l·m -2 s -1 , preferably at least 50 l·m -2 s -1, preferably at least 100 l·m -2 s -1 , particularly preferably at least 200 l·m -2 s -1 , in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9237:1995 and / or in particular determined at a differential pressure (flow resistance) of 100 Pascal.

[0176] In particular, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can have an air permeability of in the range of 5 l·m -2 s -1 up to 2,500 l·m -2 s -1 m, especially in the range of 100 l·m -2 s -1 up to 2,250 l·m -2 s -1 m, preferably in the range of 200 l·m -2 s -1 up to 2,000 l·m -2 s -1 m, preferably in the range of 400 l·m -2 s -1 up to 1,800 l·m -2 s -1 m, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9237:1995 and / or in particular determined at a differential pressure (flow resistance) of 100 Pascal.

[0177] In particular with regard to providing a high level of wearing comfort when using the protective filter material 1 according to the invention for or as protective suits, as well as with regard to the properties for use in technical filter applications, it is particularly provided according to the invention that the protective filter material 1 as such and thus also the carrier layer 3 and the fabric 3c are each designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water vapor-permeable, preferably gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and water vapor-permeable, preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable.

[0178] According to the present invention, it can be provided that the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c has been subjected to a finishing and / or pretreatment. In this context, the applicant has surprisingly discovered that this can further improve the properties of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, including with regard to (further) tear resistance. This can also specifically support the defined elastic properties.

[0179] In particular, according to the invention, it can therefore be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is finished and / or has a finishing treatment, in particular wherein the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, has been subjected to a finishing treatment. Within the scope of the finishing, the following treatment steps in particular can be carried out, either individually or in an appropriate combination (preferably in the following order): In particular, it can be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is dyed, in particular using at least one reactive dye and / or at least one disperse dye, in particular at least one reactive dye and at least one disperse dye. The aforementioned dyes are associated with particularly good fixation on the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c and also do not lead to roughening of the material, so that the lubricity of the warp threads 3d or weft threads 3e is maintained. Furthermore, metal complex dyes and / or acid dyes and / or pigments can also be used. - According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it can also be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is surface-treated. The treatment can be carried out, for example, by means of at least one polyolefin, preferably polyethylene, in particular using at least one polyolefin dispersion, preferably polyethylene dispersion. The targeted finishing of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c of the aforementioned type is also accompanied by an improvement in mechanical stability, since, for example, in the event of (further) tearing, better sliding of the threads or yarns in the fabric or a displacement in the fabric 3c is made possible, so that thread bundling can occur, which is equivalent to local mechanical reinforcement. In addition, the abrasion resistance is also increased. The processing within the scope of providing the protective filter material orThe properties of such protective clothing are further improved, particularly with regard to the sewing properties. Furthermore, the surface quality of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c is improved in terms of feel by the aforementioned treatment. In particular, this provides a softer or smoother surface. This also leads to improved sliding of the threads or yarns (warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e) during a (further) tearing process or during tensile stress.

[0180] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is pretreated and / or has been subjected to a pretreatment, in particular before carrying out the finishing treatment, in particular as defined above. In this context, it may be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is singed. The singeing may be carried out thermally. This ensures, in particular, that, for example, protruding fine "fiber hairs" are removed. This measure also improves the sliding behavior of the yarns or threads (warp threads 3d or weft threads 3e) during a (further) tearing process. - Furthermore, according to the invention, the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, can be desized. The desizing can be carried out enzymatically and / or using enzymes. This allows the removal of any previously present sizing film or coating, which in particular comprises starch. Starch-degrading enzymes, such as amylases, can be used in particular for this purpose. - Furthermore, it can be provided, particularly within the scope of the pretreatment, that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is bleached, in particular wherein the bleaching has been carried out using at least one bleaching agent, in particular sodium chlorite and / or hydrogen peroxide. This degrades, for example, residues, such as hydrophobic plant residues, on the fiber, thereby increasing hydrophilicity and improving dye uptake during dyeing (cf. above). In particular, a level or uniform dyeing can also be achieved on this basis during subsequent finishing. In particular, it can also be provided that the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is leached and / or mercerized. In this regard, the leaching can be carried out using at least one alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution.

[0181] The aforementioned pretreatment also ensures, in particular, an optimization of the finishing process, as described above. The finishing and / or pretreatment measures according to the invention are directly reflected in the underlying carrier layer 3 or fabric 3c, respectively, also with regard to improving the mechanical, optical, and haptic properties of the underlying material.

[0182] As explained in detail below, within the scope of the present invention, a special adhesive application or formation of the connection of the respective layers based on the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") can also be present, and indeed also insofar as the thread or yarn mobility of the threads 3d, 3e forming the fabric 3c is not excessively restricted by the application of the adhesive 4 or is at least substantially retained in comparison to the fabric 3c as such (ie without adhesive application).

[0183] According to the invention, the bonding or connection of the fabric 3c to the protective layer 5 using the adhesive 4 is carried out in such a way that the thread or yarn mobility in the fabric 3c is still present or is not excessively restricted. As a result of the existing thread or yarn mobility, for example, in the event of (further) tearing stress, a bundling or further accumulation of threads in the fabric 3c can occur, which leads to a mechanical stabilization of the fabric 3c and thus of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention as a whole in the sense of a "bundling effect" or "cable effect".

[0184] With regard to the adhesive 4 used to bond the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c and the protective layer 5, and which is preferably applied discontinuously, the invention provides, in particular, that the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) is present or designed in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots and / or in the form of a grid with a plurality of adhesive (polymer) dots spaced apart from one another. According to the invention, it is therefore particularly the case that the adhesive 4 is preferably applied discontinuously and in particular in the form of dots or grids, or is present to bond the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c and the protective layer 5 in the aforementioned manner, in particular so that on this basis the (adhesive) layer formed by the adhesive 4 or the relevant adhesive polymer is also air-permeable. In addition, an adhesive coating orThe surfaces may be coated with the adhesive 4 using a doctor blade or by means of doctor blade application. Furthermore, the adhesive 4 may also be in the form of an (adhesive) foam, in particular a broken (adhesive) foam. Adhesive webs or the like may also be used. The special application also ensures high thread or yarn mobility in the fabric.

[0185] According to the invention, it has proven advantageous if the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) covers at most 75% of the surface of the carrier layer 3, in particular of the fabric 3c, and / or of the protective layer 5, preferably at most 60% of the surface of the carrier layer 3 and / or of the protective layer 5, particularly preferably at most 50% of the surface of the carrier layer 3 and / or of the protective layer 5, very particularly preferably at most 40% of the carrier layer 3, in particular of the fabric 3c, and / or of the protective layer 5.

[0186] In particular, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) may be used in an amount in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 100 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 15 g / m 2 up to 75 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 50 g / m 2 , and / or in particular be present as an adhesive polymer. The above application quantities relate in particular to the surface or main extension plane of the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c.

[0187] Within the scope of the present invention, it is particularly provided that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is designed and / or applied in such a way that the thread mobility, in particular of the warp threads 3d and / or the weft threads 3e and / or in particular of the threads 3d, 3e, preferably the thread displaceability, in particular of the warp threads 3d and / or the weft threads 3e and / or in particular of the threads 3d, 3e, preferably in the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, in particular under forceful stretching stress, is at least substantially not impaired and / or restricted. Despite the existing bond, this is accompanied by a still high thread or yarn mobility, as previously stated.

[0188] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is designed and / or applied in such a way that at least some of the warp threads 3d are at least substantially not bonded to adjacent warp threads 3d, at least in sections, in particular wherein the proportion of non-bonded warp threads 3d is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of warp threads 3d. The term "in sections" refers in particular to at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, of the total length of a respective warp thread 3d, in particular with regard to the sum or total amount of the non-bonded sections.

[0189] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is formed and / or applied in such a way that at least some of the weft threads 3e are at least substantially not bonded to adjacent weft threads 3e, at least in sections, in particular wherein the part of the non-bonded weft threads 3e amounts to at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of weft threads 3e. The term "section by section" refers in particular to at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, of the total length of a respective weft thread 3e, in particular with regard to the sum or total length of the non-bonded sections.

[0190] In general, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) can be designed or applied in such a way that at least a portion of the threads 3d, 3e is at least substantially not bonded to adjacent threads 3d, 3e, at least in sections, in particular wherein the portion of the non-bonded threads 3d, 3e is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of threads 3d, 3e.

[0191] Furthermore, it has also proven advantageous according to the invention with regard to ensuring high mechanical stability or (further) tear resistance if at least some of the bonding or crossing points of warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e and / or the threads 3e, 3d are free of adhesive 4 and / or are not coated with adhesive 4 or are at most provided with adhesive with the proviso that the warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e and / or the threads 3e, 3d are at least substantially not bonded to one another in the bonding and / or crossing points.In this context, it can be provided in particular that at least 20%, in particular at least 30%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 50%, of the binding and / or crossing points, based on the total number of binding and / or crossing points in the carrier layer 3, in particular fabric 3c, are free of adhesive 4 or are coated with adhesive 4, at most with the proviso that the warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e and / or the threads 3e, 3d are at least substantially not glued to one another at the binding and / or crossing points. According to the invention, this prevents the respective threads 3d, 3e from being glued or fixed specifically at their binding or crossing points, which has proven particularly effective in ensuring continued high thread or yarn mobility.

[0192] In particular, according to the invention, the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") can be formed and / or applied in a dot matrix and / or discontinuous dot-like and / or non-continuous and / or in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably with an at least substantially circular cross-section. The formation of the adhesive (polymer) dots with a circular cross-section refers in particular to a cross-section parallel to the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c. The defined shape of the adhesive (polymer) dots further optimizes the adhesive connection of the fabric 3c and the protective layer 5, also with regard to providing a defined air permeability while avoiding excessive adhesion of the threads 3d, 3e forming the fabric 3c to one another.

[0193] In particular, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) can be present and / or formed in the form of, in particular, non-contiguous adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably non-contiguous and / or spaced apart and / or non-touching adhesive (polymer) dots.

[0194] In addition, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) can be present or formed in the form of a grid, in particular a regular grid, with a plurality of adhesive (polymer) points spaced apart from one another.

[0195] In particular, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) can be applied electronically calculated and / or controlled and / or computer-based.

[0196] According to the invention, the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) can be applied by means of a stencil, in particular with a predetermined hole pattern and / or (hole) grid.

[0197] With regard to the application of the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") or the formation of the adhesive (polymer) layer, circular stencil technology can be used, for example. In particular, stencils with a regular grid structure can be used to form a regular pattern. In this regard, so-called CC stencils (Coating Circular stencils) can be used in particular. For this purpose, appropriate patterns can be calculated or computer-aided, provided that the thread or yarn mobility is still ensured based on the adhesive application with a view to ensuring high (further) tear resistance. This also maintains the defined elasticity of the protective filter material according to the invention. In this context, the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") can also be applied using a stencil, in particular with an irregular pattern.In this regard, stencils with irregular patterns, or so-called CP stencils (“computer dot stencils”), can be used. HD stencils, hexageometric stencils, or geometrically twisted hole stencils can also be used.

[0198] According to the invention, it has proven advantageous, particularly with regard to ensuring high air permeability and further stabilization, also with regard to providing continued high thread or yarn mobility in the fabric 3c, if the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is present or formed in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots.

[0199] In this context, it can be provided in particular that the diameter, in particular cross-sectional diameter, parallel to the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, of a respective adhesive (polymer) point is at most as large as, preferably smaller than, the diameter (thread or yarn diameter) of the warp thread 3d or weft thread 3e or thread 3d, 3e carrying and / or having the respective adhesive (polymer) point.

[0200] Furthermore, it can be provided in this regard that a respective adhesive (polymer) point, based on the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, at least substantially does not extend over the longitudinal extension of the warp thread 3d and / or weft thread 3e carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point, preferably at least substantially does not extend over the diameter (thread or yarn diameter) of the warp thread 3d and / or weft thread 3e carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point or thread 3d, 3e.

[0201] In particular, it can further be provided in this context that a respective adhesive (polymer) point, based on the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, is positioned at least substantially centrally on the respective warp thread 3d and / or weft thread 3e carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point, preferably at least substantially centrally to the longitudinal axis, in particular the rotation axis, of the respective warp thread 3d and / or weft thread 3e or thread 3d, 3d carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point.

[0202] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the penetration depth of the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive"), in particular in the form of adhesive (polymer) points, into the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, is at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, based on the thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, of the carrier layer 3, in particular of the fabric 3c.

[0203] In particular, with regard to the adhesive application, the procedure can be such that, with respect to the carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c, the adhesive (polymer) dots based on the adhesive 4 are positioned at least substantially centrally on the binding or crossing points of the warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e or threads 3d, 3e, respectively, in the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c. This ensures, in particular, that the adhesive (polymer) dots have no or at most only minimal contact with the underlying threads.

[0204] Furthermore, according to the invention, it may in particular be the case that the adhesive (polymer) dots based on the adhesive 4, based on the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, are positioned substantially centrally on a respective warp thread 3d or a respective weft thread 3e.

[0205] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the adhesive (polymer) points based on the adhesive 4 are positioned in the thread or yarn space in the warp thread system and / or weft thread system or in the respective thread systems of the textile carrier layer 3, in particular the fabric 3c.

[0206] As previously stated, the special bonding or the special application of the first adhesive 4 results in particular in the thread or yarn mobility of the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e or threads 3d, 3e in the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c being at least substantially unaffected, so that excellent (further) tear resistance is also provided for the present composite or the corresponding laminate, since the bundling or the assembly of the respective threads under (further) tear stress is still provided. In particular, the procedure according to the invention prevents too deep penetration or excessive penetration of the first adhesive into the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c. In addition, the application or the presence of the first adhesive 4 at critical points (i.e. at points which, in the presence of an adhesive, would lead to excessive fixation orBlocking of the threads 3d, 3e is prevented or minimized. In particular, adhesion or fixation of intersecting warp threads 3d and weft threads 3e or threads 3d, 3e, in particular at corresponding binding or crossing points in the fabric structure, is also prevented or minimized. Furthermore, within the scope of the present invention, adhesion of adjacent warp threads 3d or threads 3d in the warp thread system as well as of adjacent weft threads 3e or threads 3e in the weft thread system of the fabric 3c is also prevented or minimized, so that the overall yarn mobility is also maintained.

[0207] Furthermore, the defined elasticity of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is also retained in connection with the preferred formation of the elastic yarn 8 as a sheath / core yarn as a result of the special bonding insofar as - without wishing to be limited to or invoke this theory - the adhesive 4 is significantly connected or in contact with the sheath (material) of the sheath / core yarn and thus the core or the core material of the sheath / core yarn is not, so to speak, glued or blocked.

[0208] In this context, the invention provides, in particular, that, as previously stated, the adhesive (polymer) dots present during the discontinuous adhesive application have a defined formation or a specific positioning on the fabric 3c. Furthermore, there is a defined total area-related quantity of applied first adhesive 4, whereby the measures in question, both individually and in their interaction (and in a synergistic manner), ensure high mechanical stability and (further) tear resistance.

[0209] Based on the measures cited according to the invention, the bonding of the warp threads 3d or weft threads 3e or threads 3d, 3e at so-called "critical points" (i.e., points detrimental to yarn mobility and thus to (further) tear resistance) can be prevented or minimized. The term "critical points" is to be understood in particular to mean that bonding or the application of adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") at such points leads to a reduction in yarn mobility and, if necessary, to an increase in the so-called thread pull-out force, so to speak, as a measure of the reduction in thread or yarn mobility (yarn mobility).

[0210] In this context, an excessive application of the adhesive to the critical points, for example in the area of ​​connection or intersection points of the (warp) threads 3d and (weft) threads 3e, would lead to a direct adhesive bond between the respective threads, resulting in reduced yarn mobility and thus ultimately also in a reduction in (further) tear resistance, since this would reduce or prevent the displacement or juxtaposition of the yarns to form the "cable effect" or "bundle effect" in the event of (further) tear stress. Due to the measures according to the invention, the formation of critical adhesive (polymer) points in this regard is thus counteracted. In this respect, the defined elasticity of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is also maintained, even in conjunction with the preferred design of the elastic yarn 8 as a sheath / core yarn (cf. above explanations).

[0211] According to the invention, it can also be provided in particular that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is, in particular, a reactive hotmelt adhesive, in particular a moisture-crosslinking and / or radiation-crosslinking adhesive, preferably a moisture-crosslinking hotmelt adhesive, preferably a reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyurethane (PUR) hotmelt adhesive, or is based thereon, in particular wherein the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is, or is based thereon, a one-component adhesive. According to the invention, the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") can be, in particular, a reactive PUR-based hotmelt adhesive.

[0212] The method of applying the first adhesive 4 described above is particularly also associated with the advantage that the protective filter material 1 according to the invention can therefore also be provided with high flexibility or pliability while at the same time having high air and water vapor permeability and good haptic properties (e.g. soft feel).

[0213] According to the present invention, it can be provided in particular that the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) is a particularly reactive hot melt adhesive (hot melt), in particular a moisture-crosslinking and / or radiation-crosslinking adhesive, preferably a moisture-crosslinking hot melt adhesive, preferably a reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyurethane (PUR) hot melt adhesive, in particular wherein the adhesive 4 (“first adhesive”) is a one-component adhesive.

[0214] In particular, a reactive hot-melt adhesive based on polyurethane (PUR) can be used within the scope of the present invention. The aforementioned adhesives, in particular, do not require any additional auxiliaries, such as hardeners or the like. Furthermore, the aforementioned adhesives can be processed directly. With regard to the reactive hot-melt adhesives, as previously mentioned, the adhesive is also particularly effective in that, during the adhesive application process, an initial strength or bonding process is established, particularly through physical processes (such as cooling), followed by final curing, particularly through chemical processes. Overall, the aforementioned adhesives exhibit excellent application and processing properties while simultaneously providing high bond strengths in the resulting protective filter material 1.Also, due to the excellent processing and application properties of the aforementioned adhesives, a targeted and purposeful application of the adhesive to the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c can be achieved in such a way that the thread or yarn mobility is not permanently reduced, particularly in the event of (further) tearing stress, as previously explained. Overall, with regard to the first adhesive 4, the type of adhesive selected and / or the type of adhesive application can ensure, on the one hand, a firm and permanent bond between the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c and the protective layer 5 while simultaneously guaranteeing high (further) tear resistance.

[0215] In particular, the invention provides that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is present or formed in the protective filter material 1 in the form of an adhesive polymer. Furthermore, the invention provides, in particular, that the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive") is present or formed in the protective filter material 1 as an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable and / or discontinuously formed adhesive layer, preferably based on or in the form of an adhesive polymer.

[0216] In addition, the protective layer 5 of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention can also be characterized in particular by the following properties.

[0217] In particular, according to the invention, it can behave in such a way that the protective layer 5 has a (total) basis weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 600 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 500 g / m 2, preferably in the range of 40 g / m 2 up to 450 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 400 g / m 2 , particularly preferably in the range of 60 g / m 2 up to 350 g / m 2 , in particular determined according to DIN EN 12127:1997, preferably after 24 hours of conditioning or at a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65% ± 4%

[0218] According to the invention, it is generally also such that (also) the protective layer 5 is designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water vapor-permeable, preferably gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and water vapor-permeable, preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable.

[0219] The protective layer 5 serves, in particular, to provide additional protection against harmful or toxic substances that impinge on the protective filter material. In this regard, the protective layer 5 can be individually designed and tailored to the respective application or usage background, for example, with regard to providing adsorptive properties as well as aerosol or particle filtration properties. With regard to the protective layer 5, adsorptive properties and particle or aerosol filter properties can be combined through an appropriate structural design, as also outlined below.

[0220] As particularly in Fig. 2A and Fig. As illustrated in Figure 4A, according to an embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the protective layer 5 comprises or consists of adsorber particles 5c, in particular a plurality of individual and / or discrete adsorber particles. In this context, it can be provided, in particular, that the adsorber particles 5c are arranged in layers and / or form a layer (cf. Fig. 2A or Fig. 4A). In particular, the adsorbent particles 5c can form an adsorption layer with respect to the protective filter material 1 or the protective layer 5 or can be arranged with respect thereto.

[0221] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adsorbent particles 5c are, or are formed by, activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of granular activated carbon particles ("granular carbon") or spherical activated carbon particles ("spherical carbon"), preferably in the form of spherical activated carbon particles. This achieves particularly good protection against harmful or toxic substances, such as warfare agents. Particulate adsorbents or adsorbent particles 5c in spherical form are particularly preferred, as this maintains the overall flexibility or pliability of the protective filter material 1 while simultaneously providing high protection.In addition, adsorber particles in spherical form, such as activated carbon particles in spherical form, are particularly suitable for fastening by means of a point-applied adhesive (in this case first adhesive 4), also with regard to ensuring high thread mobility under (further) tearing stress.

[0222] As previously mentioned, the performance or specific protection against harmful or toxic substances can be further increased or specifically adjusted through the targeted selection of the adsorbent particles 5c of the protective layer 5. Good results are also obtained in this regard based on the materials listed below. In particular, the invention can provide that the adsorbent particles 5c of the protective layer 5 are selected from the group of (i) in particular particulate activated carbon and / or activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in granular form (“granular carbon”) or activated carbon particles in spherical form (“spherical carbon”); (ii) zeolites, in particular natural and / or synthetic zeolites; (iii) molecular sieves, in particular zeolitic molecular sieves, synthetic molecular sieves and / or in particular synthetic molecular sieves based on carbon, oxides and / or glasses; (iv) metal oxide and / or metal particles; (v) ion exchange resins, in particular polydisperse and / or monodisperse cation and / or anion exchangers, in particular of the gel type and / or macroporous type; (vi) inorganic oxides, in particular silicon dioxides, silica gels and / or aluminum oxides; (vii) porous organic polymers and / or porous organic-inorganic hybrid polymers and / or metal-organic framework materials, in particular MOFs (metal organic framework), COFs (covalent organic framework), ZIFs (zeolite imidazolate framework), POMs (polymer organic material) and / or OFCs; (viii) mineral granules; (ix) clathrates; and (x) mixtures and / or combinations thereof; (i) being particularly preferred.

[0223] For the adsorbent particles 5c usable according to the invention, reference can also be made to the following explanations. Furthermore, for further details on the MOF materials equally usable according to the invention, reference can be made in particular to the international patent application WO 2009 / 096184 A1 and to the parallel German patent application DE 10 2008 005218 A1, the respective relevant disclosures of which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference.

[0224] Adsorbers or adsorber particles 5c suitable according to the invention, in particular in the form of activated carbons, as described below, are commercially available, e.g., from Blücher GmbH, Erkrath / Germany, or other commercial manufacturers and suppliers of activated carbon.

[0225] Adsorbers or adsorber particles 5c which can be used particularly preferably according to the invention, in particular in the form of activated carbons, with the properties and parameters mentioned below are described in particular in the following prior art documents: DE 20 2006 016 898 U1, EP 1 918 022 and US 2008 / 0107589 A1, WO 01 / 83688 (PCT / EP 01 / 04615), WO 2011 / 003434 (PCT / EP 2009 / 007172), WO 2008 / 110233 (PCT / EP 2008 / 000606) and WO 2013 / 068060 (PCT / EP 2012 / 003743).

[0226] Particularly good results are also obtained when the adsorbent particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, are obtained by carbonization and subsequent activation of a synthetic and / or non-natural substance-based particulate starting material, in particular based on organic polymer particles. This results in activated carbons with particularly defined adsorptive properties and a defined pore system.

[0227] In this context, it is equally preferred according to the invention that the adsorbent particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, are obtained from a particulate starting material based on organic polymers, in particular based on sulfonated organic polymers, preferably based on divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene, preferably based on styrene / divinylbenzene copolymers, in particular by carbonization and subsequent activation of the starting material, in particular wherein the content of divinylbenzene in the starting material is in the range from 1 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in particular 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, preferably 1.5 wt.% to 12.5 wt.%, preferably 2 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the starting material.

[0228] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, are formed on the basis of a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC) and / or that the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, are formed from a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC). This results in particularly good adsorption results with high mechanical stability of the underlying activated carbon particles.

[0229] The size of the adsorbent particles 5c can also vary widely. However, according to the invention, it is preferred to use adsorbent particles 5c with the particle sizes listed below.

[0230] In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the adsorbent particles 5c of the protective layer 5, in particular the activated carbon particles, have a particle size, in particular a particle diameter, in the range from 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.075 mm to 0.75 mm, preferably in the range from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.125 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 0.35 mm, in particular wherein at least 80 wt.%, in particular at least 90 wt.%, preferably at least 95 wt.%, more preferably at least 99 wt.%, of the adsorbent particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, have particle sizes, in particular particle diameters, in the aforementioned ranges. The particle size can in particular be determined according to ASTM D2862.

[0231] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the adsorber particles 5c of the protective layer 5, in particular the activated carbon particles, have an average particle size (D 50 ), in particular an average particle diameter (D 50 ), in the range from 0.06 mm to 1.1 mm, in particular in the range from 0.09 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably in the range from 0.12 mm to 0.7 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. The relevant determination can be carried out according to ASTM D2862.

[0232] As previously stated, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adsorber particles 5c of the protective layer 5 are activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in granular form (“granular carbon”) or activated carbon particles in spherical form (“spherical carbon”), preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in spherical form.

[0233] In this regard, the activated carbon may have a total pore volume, in particular a total pore volume according to Gurvich, in the range of 0.3 cm 3 / g up to 3.8 cm 3 / g, especially in the range of 0.4 cm 3 / g up to 3.5 cm 3 / g, preferably in the range of 0.5 cm 3 / g up to 3 cm 3 / g, particularly preferably in the range of 0.6 cm 3 / g up to 2.5 cm 3 / g, most preferably in the range of 0.5 cm 3 / g up to 1.5 cm 3 / g.

[0234] Furthermore, it can be provided that at least 65%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 75%, preferably at least 80%, of the total pore volume, in particular the total pore volume according to Gurvich, of the activated carbon is formed by pores with pore diameters of at most 50 nm, in particular by micropores and / or mesopores. Furthermore, 50% to 95%, in particular 60% to 90%, preferably 70% to 85%, of the total pore volume, in particular the total pore volume according to Gurvich, of the activated carbon can be formed by pores with pore diameters of at most 50 nm, in particular by micropores and / or mesopores. Furthermore, it can be provided that 1% to 60%, in particular 5% to 50%, preferably 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 35%, of the total pore volume, in particular the total pore volume according to Gurvich, of the activated carbon is formed by pores with pore diameters of more than 2 nm, in particular by mesopores and / or macropores.

[0235] In addition, it can also be provided according to the invention that the activated carbon has a pore volume formed by pores with pore diameters of at most 2 nm (ie ≤ 2 nm), in particular micropore volume according to carbon black, in the range of 0.05 cm 3 / g up to 2.5 cm 3 / g, especially 0.15 cm 3 / g up to 2 cm 3 / g, preferably 0.3 cm 3 / g up to 1.5 cm 3 / g, in particular wherein 15% to 98%, in particular 25% to 95%, preferably 35% to 90%, of the total pore volume of the activated carbon is formed by pores with pore diameters of at most 2 nm, in particular by micropores. Furthermore, the activated carbon can have a specific BET surface area in the range of 600 m 2 / g up to 4,000 m 2 / g, especially 800 m 2 / g up to 3,500 m 2 / g, preferably 1,000 m 2 / g up to 3,000 m 2 / g, particularly preferably 1,200 m 2 / g up to 2,750 m 2 / g, most preferably 1,300 m 2 / g up to 2,500 m 2 / g.

[0236] In addition, the activated carbon can have a surface area in the range of 400 to 3,500 m formed by pores with pore diameters of no more than 2 nm, in particular by micropores. 2 / g, especially 500 to 3,000 m 2 / g, preferably 600 to 2,500 m 2 / g, preferably 700 to 2,000 m 2 / g. Furthermore, the activated carbon can have a surface area in the range of 200 to 2,000 m formed by pores with pore diameters in the range of 2 nm to 50 nm, in particular by mesopores 2 / g, especially 300 to 1,900 m 2 / g, preferably 400 to 1,800 m 2 / g, preferably 500 to 1,700 m 2 / g.

[0237] In particular, the activated carbon may have an average pore diameter in the range of 0.1 nm to 55 nm, in particular 0.2 nm to 50 nm, preferably 0.5 nm to 45 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 40 nm.

[0238] As far as the determination of the total pore volume according to Gurvich is concerned, this is a measurement or determination method that is well known to those skilled in the art. For further details regarding the determination of the total pore volume according to Gurvich, reference can be made, for example, to L. Gurvich (1915), J. Phys. Chem. Soc. Russ. 47, 805, as well as to S. Lowell et al., Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area Pore Size and Density, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Article Technology Series, pages 111 ff. In particular, the pore volume of the activated carbon can be determined based on the Gurvich rule according to the formula V P = W a / ρ l be determined, where W athe adsorbed amount of an underlying adsorbate and ρ l represents the density of the adsorbate used (see also formula (8.20) according to page 111, chapter 8.4.) by S. Lowell et al.).

[0239] The method for determining carbon black is known per se to the person skilled in the art, and for further details on determining the pore surface area and pore volume according to carbon black, reference can be made, for example, to RW Magee, Evaluation of the External Surface Area of ​​Carbon Black by Nitrogen Adsorption, Presented at the Meeting of the Rubber Division of the American Chem. Soc., October 1994, e.g. referred to in: Quantachrome Instruments, AUTOSORB-1, AS1 WinVersion 1.50, Operating Manual, OM, 05061, Quantachrome Instruments 2004, Florida, USA, pages 71 ff. In particular, the relevant evaluation can be carried out using the t-plot method.

[0240] For further details on the determination of the BET surface area and the BET method, reference can be made to the aforementioned ASTM D6556-04 as well as to Römpp Chemielexikon, 10th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York, keyword: “BET method”, including the literature cited therein, and to Winnacker-Küchler (3rd edition), volume 7, pages 93 ff. as well as to Z. Anal. Chem. 238, pages 187 to 193 (1968).

[0241] In the context of the present invention, the term "micropores" refers to pores with pore diameters of less than 2 nm, whereas the term "mesopore" refers to pores with pore diameters in the range from 2 nm (ie 2 nm inclusive) to 50 nm inclusive and the term "macropores" refers to pores with pore diameters of more than 50 nm (ie > 50 nm).

[0242] In general, it can be provided according to the invention that the protective layer 5 or the protective filter material 1 contains the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the activated carbon particles, in an amount in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 450 g / m 2 , especially 10 g / m 2 up to 300 g / m 2 , preferably 30 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , The above information refers in particular to the dry weight of the adsorbent particles 5c used.

[0243] In general, according to the invention, the adsorbent particles 5c are arranged or fixed on the carrier layer 3, in particular on the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 which is coated with adhesive 4, in particular by means of the adhesive 4 (cf. Fig. 2A or Fig. 4A).

[0244] According to an embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that the protective layer 5 comprises or consists of at least one fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d, in particular in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), preferably in the form of an activated carbon fiber sheet. For this purpose, reference can be made in particular to Fig. 2B. In this context, the fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption material 5d may be present and / or formed in the form of activated carbon fibers and / or activated carbon filaments, preferably in the form of an activated carbon fiber sheet.

[0245] In addition, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, can have a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.001 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range from 0.02 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.04 mm to 0.75 mm. The thickness can be determined in particular according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1979. In particular, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, can have a basis weight of 50 to 250 g / m 2 , especially 50 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably 80 to 180 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 90 to 150 g / m 2 ,. The relevant values ​​refer in particular to the dry weight of the adsorptive sheet.

[0246] In addition, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, can be a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, nonwoven or textile composite material, preferably woven fabric, in particular made of activated carbon fibers.

[0247] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that activated carbon fibers of the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, consist of carbonized and activated cellulose or viscose and / or of carbonized or activated polyacrylonitrile, preferably of carbonized and activated polyacrylonitrile.

[0248] The production of activated carbon fiber sheet materials is described, for example, in WO-A-98 / 041678 and the resulting EP 0 966 558 B1 and DE 698 09 718 T2, or in WO-A-01 / 70372 and DE 196 47 366 A1. In general, the procedure involves passing a textile sheet material or adsorptive sheet material made of a suitable carbonizable starting material (e.g., cellulose, viscose, cotton, polyacrylonitrile, etc.) through a carbonization and activation furnace.

[0249] According to the invention, it can be provided that the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material) has at least one carrier layer, preferably two carrier layers. It can also be provided that the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material) is arranged between carrier layers, in particular between two carrier layers. This can stabilize or mechanically protect the adsorptive sheet material. In particular, it is provided that the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material) forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the at least one carrier layer. Furthermore, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material) can be designed in three layers, in particular as a three-layer composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or as a three-layer laminate.

[0250] Furthermore, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material) can be arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer 3, in particular on the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 which is coated with adhesive 4, in particular by means of the adhesive 4.

[0251] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, it can equally be provided that the protective layer 5 comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer (particle and / or aerosol filter) 5e, as in Fig. 3 illustrates.

[0252] In this context, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can have a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.001 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range from 0.02 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.04 mm to 0.75 mm, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997.

[0253] The particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can in particular have a (total) surface weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 200 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 100 g / m 2 , in particular determined according to DIN EN 12127:1997, preferably after 24 hours of air conditioning or at a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65% ± 4%.

[0254] In particular, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e may comprise or consist of textile fibers selected from the group of polyurethane fibers; polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers and polyamide fibers; and mixtures and combinations thereof, in particular polyurethane fibers.

[0255] In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is a textile fabric formed on the basis of and / or from textile fibers, in particular synthetic textile fibers, preferably polyurethane fibers, and / or comprising the aforementioned textile fibers, in particular a scrim or textile composite material, preferably nonwoven, with a plurality of pores or meshes, in particular pores, delimited and / or formed by the textile fibers.

[0256] In particular, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can have an average pore size or average mesh size, in particular an average pore size, in the range of 0.05 µm to 100 µm, in particular in the range of 0.1 µm to 50 µm, preferably in the range of 0.2 µm to 20 µm, preferably in the range of 0.3 µm to 10 µm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.4 µm to 5 µm, further preferably in the range of 0.5 µm to 3 µm. The determination in this regard can be carried out according to ASTM F316-86.

[0257] In this regard, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can have a maximum pore size or maximum mesh size, in particular a maximum pore size, of up to 200 µm, in particular up to 100 µm, preferably up to 50 µm, preferably at most 20 µm, particularly preferably up to 10 µm, and further preferably up to 4 µm. In this regard, the determination can also be made in particular according to ASTM F316-86.

[0258] According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can be designed as a HEPA (High Efficiency Penetration or Particulate Air) or ULPA (Ultra Low Penetration or Particulate Air) filter. This provides particularly high filter efficiency.

[0259] Furthermore, within the scope of the present invention, it can be provided that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e has at least one carrier layer, preferably two carrier layers. Alternatively or additionally, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is arranged between outer carrier layers, in particular between two outer carrier layers. This can provide efficient stabilization of the particle or aerosol filter layer. According to the invention, it can be provided, in particular, that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the at least one carrier layer.

[0260] Preferably, it is also provided that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is formed in three layers, in particular as a three-layer composite, preferably a solid composite, or as a three-layer laminate, and / or that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer 3, in particular on the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 which is coated with adhesive 4, in particular by means of the adhesive 4.

[0261] Fig. Figure 4A shows an embodiment of the invention, according to which, with respect to the protective layer 5, a combination of a particle or aerosol filter layer 5e with a layer of adsorber particles 5c is realized. Such a combination leads to further improved protective properties against harmful and toxic substances. For this purpose, it can thus be provided, in particular, as in Fig. 4A shows that the protective layer 5 comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e, in particular as defined above, in combination with adsorber particles 5c, in particular layered adsorber particles 5c, in particular activated carbon beads, and / or adsorber particles 5c forming a layer, in particular as defined above.

[0262] In this context, it can be provided in particular that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the adsorber particles 5c arranged in layers and / or the adsorber particles 5c forming a layer.

[0263] Likewise, it can be provided according to the invention that the adsorber particles 5c are arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer 3, in particular on the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 which is coated with adhesive 4, in particular by means of the adhesive 4.

[0264] Furthermore, within the scope of the present invention, it can be provided in this context that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5 is arranged and / or fixed on the side of the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the layered adsorber particles 5c and / or the layer-forming adsorber particles 5c, facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated with adhesive 4. In particular, it can be provided that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is arranged on the side of the protective layer 5 facing towards a pollutant source when worn or in use. In particular, it can be the case according to the invention that the adsorber particles 5c, in particular the layered adsorber particles 5c and / or the layer-forming adsorber particles 5c, are arranged on the side of the protective layer 5 facing away from a pollutant source when worn or in use.

[0265] As further in Fig. 4B, it may also be the case according to the invention that the protective layer 5 comprises both a particle or aerosol filter layer 5e and an adsorption filter material 5d, in particular activated carbon beads, arranged in particular in layers.

[0266] In this context, it can be provided that the protective layer 5 comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e, in particular as defined above, in combination with a fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d, preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet or adsorption sheet layer), in particular as defined above.

[0267] In addition, it can be provided according to the invention that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d, preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet).

[0268] Likewise, it can be provided according to the invention that the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material 5d, preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), is arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer 3, in particular on the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated with adhesive 4, in particular by means of the adhesive 4.

[0269] In this context, the invention can also provide that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is arranged and / or fixed on the side of the fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption material 5d, preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated with adhesive 4. In particular, the invention provides that the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e is arranged on the side of the protective layer 5 facing toward a pollutant source when worn or in use. Likewise, the invention can provide that the fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption material 5d, preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), is arranged on the side of the protective layer 5 facing away from a pollutant source when worn or in use.

[0270] As far as the protective layer 5 of the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is concerned, it can also comprise further components or layers, such as reinforcement layers or carrier layers or the like. For example, in a non-limiting manner, the adsorbent particles 5c, in particular in the form of activated carbon beads, can be fixed to a further textile carrier or carrier layer, which in turn is bonded to the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c via the adhesive 4.In this regard, the invention also provides that the formation and application of the first adhesive 4 takes place in the manner described above, so that even for the embodiment of using further carrier layers, in particular for the adsorber particles 5c, the yarn mobility is not influenced due to the special adhesive selection and the special application, and thus a high (further) tear resistance is still provided.

[0271] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the adhesive 7 (“second adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the protective filter material 1 in the form of an adhesive polymer.

[0272] In particular, the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") can be present and / or formed in the protective filter material 1 as an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable and / or preferably discontinuously formed adhesive layer, preferably based on an adhesive polymer. Furthermore, the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") can be present and / or formed in an amount in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 90 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 70 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 15 g / m 2 up to 45 g / m 2 , and / or in particular as an adhesive polymer.

[0273] According to the invention, it can also be provided that the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") is formed and / or applied in a discontinuous, point-like manner and / or non-continuously and / or in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably with an at least substantially circular cross-section. The formation of the adhesive (polymer) dots with a circular cross-section refers in particular to a cross-section parallel to the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c. In addition, an adhesive coating or a coating of the surfaces with the adhesive 7 can also be carried out by means of a doctor blade or by means of doctor blade application. In addition, the adhesive 7 can also be formed or present as an (adhesive) foam, in particular broken (adhesive) foam. Adhesive webs or the like can also be used.

[0274] In particular, the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") can be present and / or formed in the form of, in particular, non-contiguous adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably non-contiguous and / or spaced apart and / or non-contacting adhesive (polymer) dots. Likewise, the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") can be present and / or formed in the form of an irregular pattern with a plurality of spaced apart adhesive (polymer) dots.

[0275] In addition, the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive") can be applied using a stencil, in particular with an irregular pattern. Stencils with an irregular pattern or so-called CP stencils ("computer dot stencils") can also be used in this regard.

[0276] According to the invention, it can generally be provided that the adhesive 7 (“second adhesive”) is a particularly reactive hot melt adhesive (hot melt), in particular a moisture-crosslinking and / or radiation-crosslinking adhesive, preferably a moisture-crosslinking hot melt adhesive, preferably a reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyurethane (PUR) hot melt adhesive, or is based thereon, in particular wherein the adhesive 7 (“second adhesive”) is a one-component adhesive or is based thereon.

[0277] In addition, the particle and / or aerosol filter layer 5e can be connected to the adsorber particles 5c and / or the fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption material 5d by means of an adhesive 10 (“third adhesive”), in particular permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued (cf. Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B and Fig. 6B).

[0278] As in Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B and in Fig. 6B, can be used to fix or bond the particle or aerosol filter layer 5e with the adsorber particles 5c ( Fig. 4A, Fig. 6B) or with the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption filter material 5d ( Fig. 4B) a further adhesive 10 ("third adhesive") may be used. The adhesive 10 ("third adhesive") may be present or formed in the protective filter material 1 in the form of an adhesive polymer. In particular, the adhesive 10 ("third adhesive") may preferably be formed or applied discontinuously, punctually or non-contiguously, or in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably with an at least substantially circular cross-section. In addition, an adhesive coating or a coating of the surfaces with the adhesive 10 may also be carried out by doctor blade or by means of doctor blade application. The adhesive 10 may also be formed or present as an (adhesive) foam, in particular broken (adhesive) foam. Furthermore, adhesive webs or the like may also be used.For further explanations regarding the adhesive 10 (“third adhesive”), reference can also be made to the above explanations regarding the adhesive 7 (“second adhesive”), which apply accordingly to the adhesive 10 (“third adhesive”).

[0279] Within the scope of the invention, the cover layer 6 can in particular have the following properties: Furthermore, as far as the covering layer 6 is concerned, this can be designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile fabric, in particular as a knitwear, woven fabric, scrim or textile composite material, preferably nonwoven, particularly preferably as a nonwoven.

[0280] According to the invention, the covering layer 6 can comprise or consist of a material, in particular textile fiber material, preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns, selected from the group of chemical fiber materials and natural fiber materials, preferably chemical fiber materials, in particular selected from the group of cotton (CO); wool; linen; polyesters; polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride; polyvinylidene chloride; acetates; triacetates; aramids, in particular meta- and / or para-amides; optionally modified and / or regenerated celluloses; polyacrylic; polyamide; polyvinyl alcohol; polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic polyurethanes; polyvinyl esters; modified and / or regenerated celluloses, in particular viscose; and mixtures or combinations thereof; preferably polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPI).

[0281] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided in particular that the cover layer 6 comprises or consists of an elastic material, in particular elastic textile fiber material, preferably elastic chemical fiber material, preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns selected from the group of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). In particular, the cover layer (6) can comprise or consist of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns. This can further ensure or support the defined elasticity of the protective filter material 1.

[0282] Furthermore, the cover layer 6 can have a basis weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 140 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 15 g / m 2up to 130 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 120 g / m 2 , have.

[0283] In addition, the cover layer 6, particularly when the protective filter material 1 is used in an NBC protective garment, can be arranged, when worn or in use, on the side of the protective filter material 1 and / or the protective layer 5 facing a pollutant source and / or on the side facing away from a wearer and / or user of the NBC protective garment. Furthermore, the carrier layer 3, particularly the fabric 3c, particularly when the protective filter material 1 is used in an NBC protective garment, can be arranged, when worn or in use, on the side of the protective filter material 1 and / or the protective layer 5 facing away from a pollutant source and / or on the side facing away from a wearer and / or user of the NBC protective garment.

[0284] According to the invention, the protective filter material 1 can further comprise a particularly textile outer layer 11 (outer fabric), as in Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B. In this context, it can be provided, in particular, that the outer layer 11 is arranged on the side of the cover layer 6 facing away from the protective layer 5 or the carrier layer 3. In particular, in the case of protective clothing, the outer layer 11 can be arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material 1 facing away from a user (wearer) and / or on the side facing a pollutant source (“outer layer”). In particular, the outer layer 11 can be arranged on the side of the cover layer 6 facing a pollutant source or on the side of the cover layer 6 facing away from a user (wearer) (cf. also Fig. 6A or Fig. 6B).

[0285] According to the invention, it can thus behave in particular in such a way that the outer layer 11 and / or the cover layer 6, preferably the outer layer 11, in particular in the case of use of the protective filter material 1 in an ABC protective clothing item, is arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material 1 facing a pollutant source and / or on the side of the protective filter material 1 facing away from a user (wearer) of the ABC protective clothing item.

[0286] Against this background, the invention can also provide, in particular, for the outer layer 11 and / or the cover layer 6, in particular the outer layer 11, to be flame-retardant and / or flame-retardant and / or fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant. The relevant properties can be provided, for example, by using a fire-resistant or flame-resistant material, for example as a component of a yarn or in the form of fire-resistant or flame-resistant substances applied to the material, which is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0287] In addition, the outer layer 11 and / or the cover layer 6, in particular the outer layer 11, can be designed to be antistatic.

[0288] Furthermore, outer layer 11 and / or the cover layer 6, in particular outer layer 11, can have an oleophobic and / or hydrophobic finish or coating. This can further improve the protective function against harmful or toxic substances, for example in the case of protective clothing, since these can bead up or be stopped at the surface.

[0289] The aforementioned measures can, for example, further improve the protective function against harmful or toxic substances in the case of protective clothing, since harmful or toxic substances that come into contact with the protective clothing can bead off or stopped at the surface.

[0290] In the context of the present invention, the outer layer 11 is present or formed as a gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, textile fabric.

[0291] According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the outer layer 11 is designed as a textile knitwear, preferably as a warp-knitted fabric (knitted fabric) or a knitted fabric (knitted fabric), or in particular as a woven fabric, scrim, nonwoven or textile composite material.

[0292] In the context of the present invention, it has proven advantageous if the outer layer 11 comprises or consists of a material, in particular textile fiber material, preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns, selected from the group of chemical fiber materials and natural fiber materials, in particular selected from the group of cotton (CO); wool; linen; polyesters; polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride; polyvinylidene chloride; acetates, in particular cellulose acetates; triacetates, in particular cellulose triacetates; aramids, in particular meta- and / or para-amides; optionally modified and / or regenerated celluloses; polyacrylic; polyamide; polyvinyl alcohol; polyurethanes; polyvinyl esters; modified and / or regenerated celluloses, in particular viscose; and mixtures or combinations thereof.

[0293] In addition, the outer layer 11 can have a basis weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 400 g / m2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 300 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 250 g / m 2 , particularly preferably in the range of 30 g / m 2 up to 175 g / m 2 , in particular determined according to DIN EN 12127:1997, preferably after 24 hours of conditioning or at a temperature of 20°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65% ± 4%. In general, the outer layer 11 can also have a basis weight in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 600 g / m 2 Furthermore, the outer layer 11 can have a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.001 mm to 10 mm, in particular in the range from 0.01 mm to 8 mm, preferably in the range from 0.05 mm to 4 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.075 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.1 mm to 2 mm, further preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 1 mm, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 5084:1996.

[0294] In particular, within the scope of the present invention, the protective filter material 1, in particular the carrier layer 3, the layer formed by the adhesive 4 ("first adhesive"), the protective layer 5, the layer formed by the adhesive 7 ("second adhesive"), and the cover layer 6, are or are (each) permeable to air and permeable to water vapor. According to the invention, it is also provided, in particular, that the outer layer 11 and / or the layer formed by the adhesive 10 ("third adhesive") are or are permeable to air and permeable to water vapor.

[0295] The protective filter material 1 according to the invention can be designed in particular as a protective filter material 1 as a composite, preferably a solid composite, or as a laminate, in particular an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable composite or laminate.

[0296] According to the invention, the outer layer 11 can be firmly connected (attached or fixed thereto) to the further layers of the protective filter material 1, in particular the carrier layer 3, the protective layer 5 and / or the cover layer 6, only in sections, in particular linearly and / or at the edges, in particular by means of sewing, welding, tacking, gluing or the like, preferably sewing, and otherwise be arranged loosely and / or unconnected, in particular wherein the outer layer 11 rests on the further layer composite, in particular on the cover layer 6.

[0297] Within the scope of the present invention, however, it can also be provided that the outer layer 11 and the further layer composite, in particular the layer composite comprising the carrier layer 3, the protective layer 5 and / or the cover layer 6, of the protective filter material 1 are firmly connected to one another (attached, fixed) and / or adhered at their contact surfaces, in particular are firmly connected (attached, fixed) and / or adhered, in particular laminated, at least substantially over the entire surface and / or at least substantially over the entire side, preferably are firmly connected (attached, fixed) and / or adhered, in particular laminated, at least substantially over the entire surface. In this context, the firm connection (attached, fixed) and / or adhesion, in particular lamination, can be formed, e.g., over the entire surface or over the entire contact surface, but preferably discontinuously, preferably point-by-point and / or with interruptions.For this purpose, a further adhesive ("fourth adhesive") can be used. In particular, the outer layer 11 is attached to the cover layer 6.

[0298] The protective filter material 1 according to the invention can in particular have the following specified sequence of layers: textile carrier layer 3, protective layer 5, optionally textile cover layer 6, optionally outer layer 11. In particular, a layer sequence according to carrier layer 3, protective layer 5 based on adsorbent particles 5c (cf. Fig. 2A) or based on a fibrous or filamentary adsorption material 5d (cf. Fig. 2B) and / or based on a particle or aerosol filter layer 5e (cf. Fig. 3) and optionally a cover layer 6 and optionally an outer layer 11. Furthermore, the protective filter material 1 can have a sequence of layers in the form of a carrier layer 3, adsorber particles 5 (cf. Fig. 4A) or fibrous or filamentary adsorption material 5d (cf. Fig. 4B) and particle or aerosol filter layer 5e as well as optionally cover layer 6 and optionally outer layer 11. According to a further embodiment, a layer sequence according to carrier layer 3, protective layer 5 with adsorber particles 5c, cover layer 6 and outer layer 11 can also be present (cf. Fig. 6A). According to a further embodiment, a layer sequence according to carrier layer 3, protective layer 5 with adsorber particles 5c and particle or aerosol filter layer 5e as well as cover layer 6 and outer layer 11 can also be present (cf. Fig. 6B).

[0299] The protective filter material 1 according to the invention can in particular have a (total) basis weight (in particular determined as dry weight) in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 1,000 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 75 g / m 2 up to 750 g / m 2, preferably in the range of 100 g / m 2 up to 500 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 120 g / m 2 up to 350 g / m 2 , particularly preferably in the range of 150 g / m 2 up to 300 g / m 2 , have. The basis weight can be determined in particular according to DIN EN 12127, preferably after drying for 1 hour at 105 °C.

[0300] Furthermore, the protective filter material 1 according to the invention can have a thickness, in particular total cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.1 mm to 15 mm, in particular in the range from 0.15 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range from 0.2 mm to 6 mm, preferably in the range from 0.3 mm to 4 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.4 mm to 2 mm, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 5084.

[0301] According to the invention, it can be provided that the protective filter material 1 according to the invention has an air permeability of at least 1 l·m -2 s -1 , in particular at least 2 l·m-2 s -1 , preferably at least 5 l·m -2 s -1 , preferably at least 7 l·m -2 s -1 , particularly preferably at least 10 l·m -2 s -1 , in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9237:1995 and / or in particular determined at a differential pressure (flow resistance) of 100 Pascal. In this context, the protective filter material 1 can have an air permeability in the range of 1 l·m -2 s -1 up to 2,000 l·m -2 s -1 , especially in the range of 2 l·m -2 s -1 up to 1,500 l·m -2 s -1 , preferably in the range of 5 l·m -2 s -1 up to 1,250 l·m -2 s -1 , preferably in the range of 7 l·m -2 s -1 up to 1,000 l·m -2 s -1 , particularly preferably in the range of 10 l·m -2 s -1 up to 500 l·m -2 s -1, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9237:1995 and / or in particular determined at a differential pressure (flow resistance) of 100 Pascal. The high air permeability ensures excellent overall wearer comfort in the case of protective clothing, while reducing the risk of heat build-up even under heavy physical strain on the user (wearer). Furthermore, good moisture exchange can take place. In the case of technical filter applications, high throughput rates of the medium to be purified, such as air, can also be achieved, along with high filter efficiency.

[0302] In particular, the protective filter material 1 according to the invention has a barrier effect against harmful and / or toxic substances, in particular chemical warfare agents, in particular bis[2-chloroethyl] sulfide (mustard gas, HD), determined according to method 2.2 of CRDEC-SP-84010, of at most 4 µg / cm 2per 24 hours, in particular not more than 3.5 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, preferably not more than 3.0 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, preferably not more than 2.5 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, particularly preferably not more than 2.25 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, most preferably not more than 2 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, more preferably not more than 1.75 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours. In this regard, the use of adsorbent particles 5c, in particular activated carbon beads, or an adsorption material 5d, in particular as defined above, may be provided.

[0303] In addition, the protective filter material 1 according to the invention can have a barrier effect against harmful and / or toxic substances, in particular chemical warfare agents, in particular bis[2-chloroethyl]sulfide (mustard gas, HD), determined according to the Laid Drop Diffusive Flow Test of at most 4 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, in particular not more than 3.5 µg / cm 2per 24 hours, preferably not more than 3.0 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, preferably not more than 2.5 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, particularly preferably not more than 2.25 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, most preferably not more than 2 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours, more preferably not more than 1.75 µg / cm 2 per 24 h, in particular measured as cumulative breakthrough by gas chromatography (GC / FPD) after exposure to mustard gas for 24 h at a temperature of 23 °C and a relative humidity of not more than 5 % RH, in particular with a material sample area of ​​10 cm 2, a material exposure to 8 mustard gas drops (each drop volume = 1 µl), a test execution in a test cell above a PE membrane (10 µm), a flow under the material of 100 ml / min, a flow above the material of 0.5 m / s and a flow through the material of 0 cm / s. In particular, the procedure can be such that the air flow under the material sample is drawn through a wash bottle, for example, and the cumulative breakthrough is then measured using gas chromatography, as previously described. The diffusion flow test simulates the diffusion of liquid warfare agent through the underlying protective filter material without convection and thereby simulates the flat contact of the protective clothing on the skin, which is simulated by the PE membrane.

[0304] In addition, it can be provided that the protective filter material 1 according to the invention has a separation degree (separation efficiency) of at least 80%, in particular of at least 85%, preferably of at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, in particular determined according to ISO 29463-3 at a pressure difference of 15 Pascal and / or at a flow velocity of 5 m / s and at a temperature of 23 °C ± 3 °C and with potassium chloride (KCl) as test substance with a particle size in the range of 0.045 µm to 0.931 µm and with an aerosol concentration of < 3 mg / m 3 and in particular with a surface diameter (sample size) of the protective and / or filter material 1 of 150 mm and with a test duration of 300 s. In this regard, a particle or aerosol filter layer 5e, in particular as defined above, can be provided.

[0305] The above-mentioned values ​​regarding air permeability, barrier effect, and separation efficiency are achieved due to the high tensile strength and mechanical resistance, especially tear resistance, especially after exposure to a force (tensile) load of at least 10 Newtons, especially at least 15 Newtons, preferably at least 20 Newtons, and especially after repeated repetitions, for example, two, five, or ten times the aforementioned tensile load. Regarding tensile load, reference can be made in particular to DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13).

[0306] According to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 as described above, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5 of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having or consisting of a plurality of threads 3d, 3e, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the other thread system 3d', 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', are elastically designed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of and / or are formed from this; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c, wherein the woven fabric 3c is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the more elastically designed direction of extension are designed to be elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of this and / or are formed from this.

[0307] According to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn 8, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and / orthat the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having a plurality of threads 3d, 3e or consisting thereof, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the other thread system 3d', 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', are elastically designed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of this and / or are formed from this, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material,preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c, wherein the woven fabric 3c is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the more elastically designed direction of extension are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn,in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b).

[0308] According to the present aspect, the present invention further relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is formed as a woven fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads 3d or the weft threads 3e, preferably only the weft threads 3e, are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and with at least one elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material 8b; and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having a plurality of threads 3d, 3e or consisting thereof, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the other thread system 3d', 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', are elastically designed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of this and / or are formed from this, wherein the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and in particular with at least one elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn),preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material 8b;, and / or that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric 3c, wherein the woven fabric 3c is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the more elastically designed direction of extension are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn 8 is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material 8a and in particular with at least one elastic chemical fiber material,preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material 8b.

[0309] According to the present aspect, the present invention further relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is formed as a fabric 3c with a plurality of warp threads 3d and with a plurality of weft threads 3e; wherein the weft threads 3e are elastically formed (elastic weft threads), preferably only the weft threads 3e are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and wherein the warp threads 3d are non-elastic and each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn 9, in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn 9 is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn).

[0310] Likewise, according to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is designed as a fabric 3c with two thread systems 3d', 3e' each having or consisting of a plurality of threads 3d, 3e, wherein the threads 3d, 3e of one of the thread systems 3d', 3e' run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads 3d, 3e of the other thread system 3d', 3e', wherein the threads 3d or 3e of one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', in particular only one of the thread systems 3d' or 3e', preferably the weft threads 3e of the weft thread system 3e', are elastic and / or present as elastic threads and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn 8, in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and wherein the threads 3e or 3d of the other thread system 3e' or 3d', preferably the warp threads 3d of the warp thread system 3d', are non-elastic and each have at least one non-elastic yarn 9 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn 9 is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn).

[0311] Furthermore, according to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to an ABC protective filter material 1 (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile ABC protective clothing item, in particular ABC protective filter material 1 with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material 1 with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure 2, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers) 3, 4, 5, preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material 1 comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer 3 with two opposite sides 3a, 3b, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive 4 is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) 3a, (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer 5 with two opposite sides 5a, 5b and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer 5 is connected via one of its two sides 5a by means of the adhesive 4 to the textile carrier layer 3, in particular to the side 3a of the carrier layer 3 coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer 6, wherein the cover layer 6 is connected to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3, in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive 7 preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer 5, in particular to the side 5b of the protective layer 5 facing away from the carrier layer 3; wherein the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that that the textile carrier layer 3 is formed as a fabric 3c, wherein the fabric 3c is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric 3c has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the fabric 3c has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction of and / or parallel to the elastically formed extension direction are elastic and / or present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn 8 or consist of it and / or are formed from it, in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and wherein the fabric 3c is non-elastic in the other direction of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the non-elastic direction of extension are non-elastic and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn 9, in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn 9 is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn).

[0312] A further subject of the present invention according to a second aspect of the present invention is also the use of elastically formed weft threads (elastic weft threads) and / or of elastically formed warp threads (elastic warp threads) or of elastically formed weft threads, preferably only of elastically formed weft threads, in a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric with a plurality of warp threads and with a plurality of weft threads; and / or of elastically formed threads (elastic threads) in a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric has or consists of two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the elastically formed threads are present and / or used in one of the thread systems, in particular in only one of the thread systems; and / or of elastically formed threads (elastic threads) in a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric, wherein the elastically formed threads are present and / or used in such a way that the woven fabric is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or that the woven fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the woven fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension; to increase and / or improve the elasticity and / or to provide an elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material) comprising the carrier layer, in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile ABC protective garment, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular to increase and / or improve the elasticity and / or to provide an elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an air-permeable and water-vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material comprising the carrier layer and having a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants.

[0313] Also described herein is a method for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material), in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile ABC protective garment, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the ABC protective filter material has a textile carrier layer designed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric has a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads, wherein the weft threads are designed to be elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (elastic warp threads) or the weft threads, preferably only the weft threads, are designed to be elastic and / or are designed and / or present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the ABC protective filter material has a textile carrier layer designed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric has two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems, in particular only one of the thread systems, are designed to be elastic and / or are designed and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the ABC protective filter material has a textile carrier layer designed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric is designed such that the woven fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the woven fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0314] Yet another subject matter of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention - is also the inventive use of a textile carrier layer designed as a woven fabric for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material) comprising the carrier layer, in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile ABC protective garment, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction,an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material with a carrier layer and a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the fabric has a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads, wherein the weft threads are formed elastically (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (elastic warp threads) or the weft threads, preferably only the weft threads, are formed elastically and / or are formed and / or present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric has two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems, in particular only one of the thread systems, are designed to be elastic and / or are designed and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric is designed such that the fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0315] In this context, a method is also described here for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material), in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile ABC protective clothing item, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the ABC protective filter material is provided and / or equipped with a textile carrier layer designed as a fabric, wherein the fabric has a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads, wherein the weft threads are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (elastic warp threads) or the weft threads, preferably only the weft threads, are elastic and / or are formed and / or present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric has two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems, in particular only one of the thread systems, are elastically designed and / or are designed and / or present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric is designed such that the fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension.

[0316] According to the aforementioned second and third aspect of the present invention, it can be provided in particular that the ABC protective filter material is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material comprises, in particular in the following specified sequence (i), (ii) and optionally (iii): (i) the textile carrier layer formed as a fabric with two opposite sides, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (“first adhesive”) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”), (ii) a protective layer with two opposite sides and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-) filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer is connected via one of its two sides by means of the adhesive to the textile carrier layer, in particular to the side of the carrier layer coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a textile cover layer, wherein the cover layer is connected, in particular permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer, in particular by means of an adhesive preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer (“second adhesive”).

[0317] As regards the aforementioned second and third aspects of the present invention, reference can also be made to the statements relating to the further aspects of the present invention, which apply accordingly to the aforementioned aspects.

[0318] Yet another subject matter of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention - is the use of an ABC protective filter material as defined above for the production of protective equipment and / or protective articles of all kinds, in particular protective clothing, in particular for the civilian or military sector, such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, head protection clothing, or the like, and / or for the production of protective covers of all kinds, preferably all of the aforementioned protective materials and / or protective clothing items for ABC use and / or with a protective function against chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and toxic substances.

[0319] According to the present aspect, the present invention also relates to the use of an ABC protective filter material as defined above for producing filters and filter materials of all kinds, in particular for removing pollutants, odors and toxins of all kinds, preferably for removing chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and toxins, in particular from air and / or gas streams, such as ABC protective mask filters, odor filters, surface filters, air filters, in particular filters for room air purification, adsorptive support structures and filters for the medical sector.

[0320] With regard to the present aspect, reference can also be made to the statements relating to the further aspects of the present invention, which apply accordingly in this case.

[0321] Furthermore, the present invention - according to a fifth aspect of the present invention - also relates to the protective equipment and / or protective articles according to the invention, filter materials of all kinds, in particular for the civil or military sector, in particular protective clothing ("ABC or CBRN protective clothing"), such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, head protection clothing and the like, as well as protective covers, preferably all of the aforementioned protective equipment and / or protective articles for ABC use and / or with a protective function against chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and toxins, manufactured using an ABC protective filter material 1 as previously defined and / or comprising an ABC protective filter material 1 as previously defined.

[0322] With regard to the present aspect, reference can also be made to the statements relating to the further aspects of the present invention, which apply accordingly in this case.

[0323] The present invention further also relates - according to a sixth aspect of the present invention - to the filters and filter materials according to the invention ("ABC or CBRN filters" or "ABC or CBRN filter materials") of all types, in particular for removing harmful, odorous and toxic substances of all types, preferably for removing chemical, biological and / or radioactive harmful and toxic substances, in particular from air and / or gas streams, such as protective mask filters, odor filters, surface filters, air filters, in particular filters for room air purification, adsorptive support structures and filters for the medical sector, produced using an ABC protective filter material 1, as defined above, and / or comprising an ABC protective filter material 1, as defined above.

[0324] With regard to the present aspect, reference can also be made to the statements relating to the further aspects of the present invention, which apply accordingly in this case.

[0325] Overall, the present invention provides a high-performance and highly efficient protective filter material 1 that exhibits defined elasticity, particularly in only one direction, preferably transversely, while simultaneously providing high protection against harmful and toxic substances and providing a high level of comfort when used as or for protective clothing. As a result, the protective filter material 1 according to the invention is also suitable for numerous possible uses and applications, as outlined herein.

[0326] Further embodiments, modifications, variations, modifications, special features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent and achievable to a person skilled in the art upon reading the description, without the person skilled in the art departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0327] The present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments, which, however, are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION: 1. General remarks on determination and measurement methods Within the scope of the present invention, the following determination and measurement methods can also be used to characterize the protective filter material according to the invention or products manufactured on this basis, such as protective clothing (see also the above remarks): a) General test conditions. In general, the determination of certain material properties of the protective filter material according to the invention or of other materials is carried out by storing or acclimating the materials or test specimens to be tested under normal conditions, e.g., in a climate-controlled cabinet for 24 hours prior to the start of the test. The textile tests are then carried out at a temperature of T = 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of φ = 65 ± 4% (cf. DIN EN ISO 139:2011), e.g., in an appropriately climate-controlled environment or test room. b) Fabric feel (haptics) and visual assessment For the determination and evaluation of the surface texture and fabric feel of the textile surface of the materials to be examined, the subjective perception of an assessing test person is used, whereby no aids are used in this context. c) Thread count The number of threads per unit length can be determined in particular according to DIN EN 1049-Part 2 (cf. Method B - Thread counter on a conditioned surface). d) Basis weight The basis weight can be determined in particular according to DIN EN 12127. In particular, this can be done by taking five measuring samples, distributed over the width of the fabric, from a conditioned textile surface using a cutting device, whereby the area of ​​the cut is 100 cm 2 The samples are weighed on a basis weight scale under conditioned or specified conditions. e) Air permeability This test method involves measuring the air flow passing through a surface under specified conditions within a specific time period. The test is carried out in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9237. The conditioned textile surface is placed on a test area of ​​20 cm 2 at a differential pressure of 100 Pa, specifically on a TestTex Instruments test device. The procedure involves performing the air permeability test five times across the entire fabric width. f) Protective function against harmful and toxic substances. The protective function of protective filter materials, in particular those according to the present invention, against harmful or toxic substances, especially chemical warfare agents, is characterized and determined based on Method 2.2 of CRDEC-SP-84010 and with reference to bis[2-chloroethyl] sulfide (= mustard gas or HD). This method determines the barrier effect of a protective filter material or protective clothing against mustard gas, with the quality of the protective function or barrier effect increasing with decreasing breakthrough values. In particular, this determination method involves a so-called convective flow test with mustard gas; for this purpose, an air stream containing mustard gas is allowed to act on the test material at a constant flow resistance and a flow velocity of approximately 0.45 cm / s, and the area-related breakthrough quantity is determined after 24 hours (80% relative humidity; 32 °C; 10 1 µl HD / 12.56 cm 2 ) According to the applicant's specification, the barrier effect against mustard gas, determined according to method 2.2 of CRDEC-SP-84010, should be less than 4 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours. g) Dimensional change With this test method, which uses DIN EN ISO 5077, the washing shrinkage values ​​can be determined in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The samples to be tested are first adjusted to a standard climate, and then a measuring distance of 500 mm is marked at three points in each direction using a water-insoluble pen. The test specimens are then washed according to DIN EN ISO 6330, program 4M (gentle wash at approximately 40 °C) with approximately 20 g of phosphate-free cover detergent on a Vebotech GmbH washer-dryer. After washing, the samples are dried in a tumble dryer until cupboard-dry and allowed to adjust to the climate for at least 24 hours. The dimensional change can be determined in both the longitudinal and transverse directions using the following formula: xt−x0x0∗100 where x0 is the initial dimension and x t represents the measurement taken after treatment. 2. Material tests and properties. This section presents tests and properties of various protective filter materials and protective clothing made from them. These include: a) The following describes the properties of ABC protective filter materials with regard to their protective function against pollutants and toxic substances. (i) For this purpose, a first protective filter material M1 (according to the invention) in the form of a multi-layer textile laminate is used. The protective filter material M1 has a textile carrier layer in the form of a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric or the protective filter material is elastic in one direction. For this purpose, elastic threads using an elastic yarn are used for the weft threads of the woven fabric. In contrast, non-elastic threads based on a non-elastic yarn are used for the warp threads of the woven fabric. The woven fabric or the resulting protective filter material is thus elastic in the weft direction or in the transverse direction (of the woven fabric) and non-elastic in the warp direction or in the longitudinal direction (of the woven fabric). The woven fabric used as the carrier layer has a basis weight of approximately 85 g / m 2To form the protective layer, a spherical activated carbon adsorption material is bonded to the fabric using a discontinuous or spot-applied adhesive. The spherical activated carbon used has an average particle diameter of approximately 0.3 mm. The area-related application rate of the adsorption material is approximately 80 g / m 2 . A reactive hot-melt adhesive based on polyurethane (PUR) is used as the adhesive, with the adhesive being applied in a surface-related amount of approximately 33 g / m 2 On the side of the protective layer opposite the fabric or carrier layer, a thin cover layer in the form of a nonwoven fabric layer based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), which has a basis weight of approximately 25 g / m 2 applied. (ii) A second protective filter material M2 (comparison) is provided using a woven fabric as the carrier layer, with exclusively non-elastic threads based on a non-elastic yarn being used for the woven fabric, i.e., for both the warp threads and the weft threads. Accordingly, the woven fabric or the protective filter material as a whole exhibits non-elastic properties. The further structure of the protective filter material M2 corresponds to that of the protective filter material M1, as described above. The previously described protective filter materials M1 and M2 are characterized with regard to their protective function against harmful or toxic substances, in particular chemical warfare agents, namely with regard to bis[2-chloroethyl] sulfide (mustard gas, HD), based on Method 2.2 of CRDEC-SP-84010, in each case before and after subjecting them to a tensile stress. Without tensile stress, samples of the protective filter materials M1 and M2 each exhibit very good values ​​regarding their protective function against harmful and toxic substances. Both the first protective filter material M1 and the second protective filter material M2 exhibit a barrier effect with a value of < 0.08 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours. Further samples of the protective filter materials M1 and M2 are first subjected to tensile stress in accordance with DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13) and with a uniform force limit, whereby the tensile stress occurs in both the warp and weft directions of the respective materials or samples, with 50 stretching operations being carried out for each of the corresponding directions. While the protective filter material M1 exhibits a completely intact laminate structure even after tensile stress, partial delamination can be observed for the protective filter material M2. The samples of the protective filter materials M1 and M2 subjected to tensile stress are also characterized with regard to their barrier effect against harmful and toxic substances, as described above. The protective filter material M1 according to the invention results in an excellent barrier effect of < 0.08 µg / cm 2 per 24 h. In contrast, for the protective filter material M2 after tensile stress, an increased value of about 2.1 µg / cm 2 per 24 hours. This demonstrates that the protective filter material M1 according to the invention exhibits improved properties with regard to its protective function against harmful or toxic substances after tensile stress while maintaining an intact laminate structure. b) Protective clothing in the form of trousers is produced based on the protective filter material M1 according to the invention (protective clothing S1, according to the invention). The protective suit is tested for its mechanical stability and durability. For this purpose, the protective clothing is pulled with one trouser leg over a mechanical device that simulates a human leg with mobility of the knee joint. The trouser leg of the protective suit is mechanically subjected to 10,000 flexions ("squats") in the knee area. The protective clothing is then visually inspected on the device in the knee area. In this regard, the fit in the knee area is still good. In particular, there is no excessive wrinkle development. Furthermore, further inspection of the protective clothing reveals no delamination of the layer structure or layer construction. Similarly, protective clothing in the form of trousers based on the protective filter material M2 (protective clothing S2, comparison) is manufactured and tested accordingly. After 10,000 bends, increased wrinkling and a reduced fit are observed in the knee area. Further inspection also reveals partial delamination in this area. The protective clothing S1 based on the protective filter material M1 therefore has overall improved properties compared to the protective clothing S2 based on the protective filter material M2. c) In addition, the manufacturing and assembly properties of various protective filter materials are determined with regard to the formation of the layer structure and the layer composition of the respective protective filter materials. (i) To produce a first protective filter material MA, a carrier layer or carrier material in the form of an overall non-elastic fabric (ie non-elastic fabric using non-elastic threads based on a non-elastic yarn in the weft and warp directions) is used. (ii) For a second protective filter material MB, a fabric with transverse elasticity is used as the carrier layer or carrier material (ie transversely elastic fabric with elastic threads only in the weft direction based on an elastic yarn). (iii) For a third protective filter material MC, a carrier layer or carrier material in the form of a bi-elastic fabric is also used (ie bi-elastic fabric with elasticity in the weft and warp directions using respective elastic weft threads and elastic warp threads based on an elastic yarn. For the production of the respective protective filter materials, the fabrics used as the carrier layer are supplied as rolls and transported automatically on existing industrial production lines and first coated with adhesive, followed by coating with activated carbon and then again coating with another adhesive and finally applying a covering layer. Regarding the production of the first protective filter material MA and the second protective filter material MB, identical production and processing speeds can be achieved for the respective materials within the scope of industrial production, while the production and processing speed for the third protective filter material MC decreases by approximately 30% overall. In particular, the transport speed of the underlying fabric must be lowered, as otherwise excessive stretching would occur, resulting in impaired material guidance and impaired application and fixation of the respective components. Furthermore, the manufacturing and processing properties of a further, fourth protective filter material MD are determined, using a knitted textile fabric as the carrier layer or carrier material. This type of protective filter material also requires a lower manufacturing and processing speed compared to the first and second protective filter materials MA, MB, which is approximately equivalent to that of the third protective filter material MC.

[0328] The above statements show that, overall, high-performance protective filter materials are provided within the scope of the present invention, which, with defined elastic properties, exhibit outstanding stability and manufacturing properties, while also providing excellent protection against harmful or toxic substances even after mechanical stress. Furthermore, ergonomic protective clothing can be produced on the basis of the protective filter materials according to the invention, which is also equally mechanically resistant and, overall, is associated with a high level of wearer comfort and good haptic properties. During the production of the protective clothing or the protective materials, the protective filter material used is preferably provided or combined on the outside with an outer layer or an outer fabric, wherein the outer layer or the outer fabric is preferably hydrophobic and / or oleophobic, preferably hydrophobic and oleophobic. List of reference symbols 1 ABC protective filter material 2 multi-layer (multi-layer) structure of the protective filter material 3 Carrier layer 3a first side (“functional side”) of the carrier layer 3b second side of the carrier layer 3c Tissue 3d warp threads or (first) threads 3d' warp thread system (first) thread system 3rd weft threads or (second) threads 3e' weft thread system or (second) thread system 4 Adhesive (“first adhesive”) 5 protective layer 5a first side of the protective layer 5b second side of the protective layer 5c Adsorbent particles 5d fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption filter material 5e Particle and / or aerosol filter layer (particle and / or aerosol filter) 6 Cover layer 7 Adhesive (“second adhesive”) 8 elastic yarn 8a Sheath material 8b Nuclear material 9 non-elastic yarn 10 Adhesive (“third adhesive”) 11 Outer layer QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 2 026 884 A2

[0026] WO 2007 / 071835 A2

[0026] US 2009 / 0093178 A1

[0026] DE 10 2008 005218 A1

[0223] DE 20 2006 016 898 U1

[0225] EP 1 918 022

[0225] US 2008 / 0107589 A1

[0225] WO 01 / 83688

[0225] EP 01 / 04615

[0225] WO 2011 / 003434

[0225] EP 2009 / 007172

[0225] WO 2008 / 110233

[0225] EP 2008 / 000606

[0225] WO 2013 / 068060

[0225] EP 2012 / 003743

[0225] WO-A-98 / 041678

[0248] EP 0 966 558 B1

[0248] DE 698 09 718 T2

[0248] WO-A-01 / 70372

[0248] DE 196 47 366 A1

[0248] Cited Non-Patent Literature

[0000] DIN EN ISO 139:2011 [0044, 0327] DIN 53 834-2:1979

[0141] DIN EN 12127:1997 [0173, 0217, 0253, 0293] DIN EN ISO 9237:1995 [0175, 0176] L. Gurvich (1915), J. Phys. Chem. Soc. Russ. 47, 805

[0238] S. Lowell et al., Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area Pore Size and Density, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Article Technology Series, Pages 111 ff

[0238] RW Magee, Evaluation of the External Surface Area of ​​Carbon Black by Nitrogen Adsorption, Presented at the Meeting of the Rubber Division of the American Chem. Soc., October 1994

[0239] Quantachrome Instruments, AUTOSORB-1, AS1 WinVersion 1.50, Operating Manual, OM, 05061, Quantachrome Instruments 2004, Florida, USA, pages 71 ff

[0239] Römpp Chemistry Encyclopedia, 10th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York, keyword: “

[0240] Winnacker-Küchler (3rd edition), Volume 7, pages 93 ff

[0240] Z. Anal. Chem. 238, pages 187 to 193 (1968

[0240] DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1979

[0245] DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997

[0252] DIN 53 835:1983 (part

[0305]

Claims

[1] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular from several interconnected layers (plies) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having or consisting of a plurality of threads (3d, 3e), wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c), wherein the woven fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension. [2] Protective filter material according to claim 1, wherein the protective filter material (1) is designed to be elastic only in one direction, in particular only in the transverse direction, in particular wherein the protective filter material (1) is designed to be non-elastic in the other direction, in particular in the longitudinal direction; and / or wherein the weft threads (3e) have a greater elasticity than the warp threads (3d) or the warp threads (3d) have a greater elasticity than the weft threads (3e), preferably the weft threads (3e) have a greater elasticity than the warp threads (3d); and / or wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e') have a greater elasticity than the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3e' or 3d'). [3] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular from several interconnected layers (plies) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) have a greater elasticity than the warp threads (3d) or the warp threads (3d) have a greater elasticity than the weft threads (3e), preferably the weft threads (3e) have a greater elasticity than the warp threads (3d); and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having or consisting of a plurality of threads (3d, 3e), wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the respective other thread system (3d' or 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e') have a greater elasticity than the threads (3e or 3d) of the respective other thread system (3e' or 3d'); and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c), wherein the woven fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or the woven fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension. [4] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), each comprise or consist of at least one elastic yarn (8) and / or are formed therefrom and / or wherein the elastic threads are each formed by at least one elastic yarn (8). [5] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weft threads (3e) each comprise no non-elastic yarn and / or are free of a non-elastic yarn; and / or wherein the warp threads (3d) are non-elastic; and / or wherein the warp threads (3d) each comprise at least one non-elastic yarn (9) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof; and / or wherein the warp threads (3d) each comprise no elastic yarn and / or are free of an elastic yarn. [6] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weft threads (3e) each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed therefrom and / or wherein the elastic weft threads (3e) are each formed by at least one elastic yarn (8) and wherein the warp threads (3d) are non-elastic and / or each comprise a non-elastic yarn (9) or consist thereof and / or are formed therefrom and / or each comprise no elastic yarn and / or are free of an elastic yarn. [7] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein all warp threads (3d) or all weft threads (3e), particularly preferably only all weft threads (3e), each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn (8); and / or wherein at least 40%, in particular at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably 100%, of the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads, preferably the simply (individually) drawn-in warp threads (3d), each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof; and / or wherein all warp threads (3d) or all weft threads (3e), preferably only all weft threads (3e), in each case, in addition to the at least one elastic yarn (8), do not have any further yarn different therefrom, in particular do not have any non-elastic yarn or are free of any non-elastic yarn. [8] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular the threads (3d or 3e) of only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably only the weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn (8). [9] Protective filter material according to claim 8, wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of the other of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'), each have no elastic yarn and / or are free of an elastic yarn; and / or wherein the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3e' or 3d'), preferably the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'), are non-elastic; and / or wherein the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3e' or 3d'), preferably the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'), each comprise at least one non-elastic yarn (9) or consist of it and / or are formed from it; and / or wherein the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3e' or 3d'), preferably the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'), do not have an elastic yarn and / or are free of an elastic yarn. [10] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein all threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular all threads (3d or 3e) of only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably only all weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof and / or are present as elastic threads each formed by at least one elastic yarn (8); and / or wherein at least 40%, in particular at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably 100%, of the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular of the threads (3d or 3e) of only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably only of the weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), each comprise at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist thereof and / or are formed thereof; and / or wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular the threads (3d or 3e) of only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably only all the weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), do not have any further yarn different from the elastic yarn (8), in particular do not have any non-elastic yarn and / or are in particular free of any non-elastic yarn; in particular wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of the other thread system (3d' or 3e'), preferably only the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'), each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn (9). [11] Protective filter material according to one of claims 4 to 10, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular an elastic sheath / core yarn; and / or wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a), in particular wherein the sheath material (8a) comprises or consists of at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO); and / or wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular an elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as the core material (8b); and / or wherein the core material (8b) is a chemical fiber material, in particular an elastic chemical fiber material, preferably selected from the group of polyurethane (PUR), in particular elastane (EL); polyesters, in particular polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT); and silicones; as well as combinations or mixtures thereof, preferably polyurethane (PUR); and / or wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a), and wherein the core material (8b) is a chemical fiber material, in particular an elastic chemical fiber material, preferably selected from the group of polyurethane (PUR), in particular elastane (EL); polyesters, in particular polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT); and silicones; as well as combinations or mixtures thereof; preferably polyurethane (PUR); and / or wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular an elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably an elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as the sheath material (8a) and / or, preferably and, with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular an elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as the core material (8b); and / or wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as the sheath material (8a) and / or, preferably and, with a core material (8b) based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), particularly preferably based on and / or in the form of elastane (EL) (CO / EL sheath / core yarn). [12] Protective filter material according to claim 11, wherein the core material (8b) contains the chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably the polyurethane (PUR) in an amount of at least 75 wt.%, in particular at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85 wt.%, preferably at least 90 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 95 wt.%; and / or wherein the core material (8b) consists of the chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably polyurethane (PUR), and / or is formed therefrom. [13] Protective filter material according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the elastic sheath / core yarn has a weight ratio of sheath material (8a) to core material (8b), in particular of natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), (as sheath material (8a)) to chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), (as core material (8b)), in the range of (50 to 99): (50 to 1), in particular in the range of (60 to 95): (40 to 5), preferably in the range of (70 to 90): (40 to 10); and / or wherein the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with cotton (CO) as sheath material (8a) and with in particular polyurethane (PUR) as core material (8b) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), has a weight ratio of sheath material (8a) to core material (8b) (in particular CO / PUR weight ratio) in the range of (50 to 99): (50 to 1), in particular in the range of (60 to 95): (40 to 5), preferably in the range of (70 to 90): (40 to 10). [14] Protective filter material according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material (8a) and polyurethane (PUR) as core material (8b) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), is designed as a single yarn. [15] Protective filter material according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material (8a) and polyurethane (PUR) as core material (8b) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), has a linear density (fineness or thickness) in the range from 25 dtex to 175 dtex, in particular in the range from 30 dtex to 150 dtex, preferably in the range from 50 dtex to 125 dtex; and / or wherein the core (core fiber) of the elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the core (core fiber) of the sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material (8a) and polyurethane (PUR) as core material (8b) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), has a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 20 dtex to 130 dtex, in particular in the range from 30 dtex to 120 dtex, preferably in the range from 35 dtex to 90 dtex; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), in particular the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably the weft threads (3e), and / or in particular the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), has a single and / or uniform type of elastic yarn (8), in particular the elastic sheath / core yarn (8), preferably the elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material (8a) and polyurethane (PUR) as core material (8b) (CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably with a uniform design of the sheath and / or the core and / or with a uniform titre. [16] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) comprises or consists of at least one non-elastic fiber material, in particular non-elastic natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), and / or wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) is designed as a cotton yarn (CO yarn). [17] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn (single-component or multi-component fiber), in particular a non-elastic multi-component yarn, preferably a non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), (as sheath material 8a) and at least one chemical fiber material, in particular a non-elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyester (PES), (as core material 8b); and / or wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) is a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn). [18] Protective filter material according to claim 17, wherein the core material contains the non-elastic chemical fiber material, in particular the polyester (PES), in an amount of at least 75 wt.%, in particular at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85 wt.%, preferably at least 90 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 95 wt.%; and / or wherein the core material (8b) consists of and / or is formed from polyester (PES). wherein the non-elastic sheath / core yarn has a weight ratio of sheath material to core material, in particular of natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO) (as sheath material), to chemical fiber material, in particular non-elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on or in the form of polyester (PES), as core material, in the range of (30 to 80): (70 to 20), in particular in the range of (45 to 70): (55 to 30), preferably in the range of (55 to 65): (45 to 35); and / or wherein the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn) has a weight ratio of sheath material to core material (CO / PES weight ratio) in the range of (30 to 80): (70 to 20), in particular in the range of (45 to 70): (55 to 30), preferably in the range of (55 to 65): (45 to 35). [19] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-elastic yarn (9), in particular the non-elastic single- or multi-component yarn, in particular the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), has a linear density (fineness or thickness) in the range from 30 dtex to 150 dtex, in particular in the range from 45 dtex to 130 dtex, preferably in the range from 60 dtex to 110 dtex; and / or wherein the core (core fiber) of the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular the core (core fiber) of the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), has a titer (fineness or thickness) in the range from 25 dtex to 125 dtex, in particular in the range from 40 dtex to 110 dtex, preferably in the range from 50 dtex to 100 dtex. [20] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-elastic yarn (9), in particular the non-elastic single- or multi-component yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), has a maximum tensile strength, preferably a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, of at least 50 cN / tex, in particular at least 60 cN / tex, preferably at least 70 cN / tex, preferably at least 80 cN / tex, particularly preferably at least 90 cN / tex; and / or wherein the non-elastic yarn (9), in particular the non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn, preferably the non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn), has a maximum tensile strength, preferably a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in the range from 50 cN / tex to 500 cN / tex, in particular in the range from 60 cN / tex to 400 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 70 cN / tex to 300 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 80 cN / tex to 250 cN / tex, particularly preferably in the range from 90 cN / tex to 250 cN / tex. [21] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein either the weft threads (3e) or the warp threads (3d), preferably only the weft threads (3e), each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular elastic sheath / core yarn (8), preferably elastic sheath / core yarn (8) with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material (8b), in particular as defined in one of claims 11 to 15, in particular wherein the other threads (3e or 3d), preferably only the warp threads (3d), each comprise or consist of at least one non-elastic yarn and / or are formed therefrom. [22] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular the threads (3d or 3e) of only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably only the weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), each comprise at least one elastic multi-component yarn (multi-component fiber), in particular elastic sheath / core yarn (8), preferably sheath / core yarn (8) with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR), as core material (8b), in particular as defined in one of claims 11 to 15, or consist of and / or are formed from, in particular wherein the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3d' or 3e'), preferably only the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d'),each comprise or consist of at least one non-elastic yarn and / or are formed from it. [23] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic design and / or elasticity, in particular of the carrier layer (3) and / or of the fabric (3c) and / or of the protective filter material (1), is determined as total elongation, in particular according to DIN 53 835:1983 (Part 13), preferably with a force limit (force stress or measuring force) of 20 Newtons (20 N), in particular as total elongation of the fabric (3c) in the relevant direction, in particular in the warp and / or weft direction or in the direction of the relevant thread system (3d' and / or 3e'). [24] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (3c), based on the (warp) direction with the elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the elastic yarn (8) or based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), or preferably based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation of at least 10%, in particular at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 25%; and / or wherein the fabric (3c), based on the (warp) direction with the elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the elastic yarn (8) or based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), or preferably based on the (weft) direction with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation in the range of 10% to 75%, in particular in the range of 10% to 70%, preferably in the range of 10% to 65%, preferably in the range of 15% to 60%. [25] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (3c), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') with the elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation of at least 10%, in particular at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 25%; and / or wherein the fabric (3c), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') with the elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation in the range of 10% to 75%, in particular in the range of 10% to 70%, preferably in the range of 10% to 65%, preferably in the range of 15% to 60%. [26] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (3c), based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9) or based on the (weft) direction without elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), preferably based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation of at most 12.5%, in particular at most 10%, preferably at most 7.5%, preferably at most 5%; and / or wherein the fabric (3c), based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9) or based on the (weft) direction without elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), preferably based on the (warp) direction without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation in the range of 1% to 12.5%, in particular in the range of 1.5% to 10%, preferably in the range of 2% to 7.5%, preferably in the range of 2.5% to 5%. [27] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric (3c), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') without elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation of at most 12.5%, in particular at most 10%, preferably at most 7.5%, preferably at most 5%; and / or wherein the fabric (3c), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') without elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation in the range of 1% to 12.5%, in particular in the range of 1.5% to 10%, preferably in the range of 2% to 7.5%, preferably in the range of 2.5% to 5%. [28] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the elastic yarn (8) or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), preferably based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation of at least 5%, in particular at least 7.5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%; and / or wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the elastic yarn (8) or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), preferably based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation in the range of 5% to 65%, in particular in the range of 7.5% to 60%, preferably in the range of 10% to 55%, preferably in the range of 15% to 50%. [29] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation of at least 5%, in particular at least 7.5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%; and / or wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') of the fabric (3c) with the elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation in the range of 5% to 65%, in particular in the range of 7.5% to 60%, preferably in the range of 10% to 55%, preferably in the range of 15% to 50%. [30] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9) or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), preferably based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (8), has a total elongation of at most 4%, in particular at most 3%, preferably at most 2.5%, preferably at most 2%; and / or wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9) or based on the (weft) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed weft threads (3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), preferably based on the (warp) direction of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed warp threads (3d) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation in the range of 0.5% to 4%, in particular in the range of 0.75% to 3%, preferably in the range of 1% to 2.5%, preferably in the range of 1.5% to 2%. [31] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation of at most 4%, in particular at most 3%, preferably at most 2.5%, preferably at most 2%; and / or wherein the protective filter material (1), based on the thread system (3d' or 3e') of the fabric (3c) without elastically formed threads (3d or 3e) and / or with the non-elastic yarn (9), has a total elongation in the range of 0.5% to 4%, in particular in the range of 0.75% to 3%, preferably in the range of 1% to 2.5%, preferably in the range of 1.5% to 2%. [32] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier layer (3), preferably the fabric (3c), has a twill weave or plain weave, preferably a twill weave, and / or is present as a twill weave or as a plain weave, preferably as a twill weave, and / or is formed as a twill weave or as a plain weave, preferably as a twill weave. [33] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier layer (3), preferably the fabric (3c), has a twill weave and / or is present as a twill weave and / or is formed as a twill fabric; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), preferably the fabric (3c), has a K2 / 1 weave, K3 / 1 weave, K4 / 1 weave, K2 / 2 weave or K3 / 2 weave; in particular a K2 / 1 weave, K3 / 1 weave or K4 / 1 weave. [34] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has a warp thread count and / or warp thread density (number and / or density of the warp threads (3d)) in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 warp threads / cm; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has a weft thread count and / or weft thread density (number and / or density of the weft threads (3e)) in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 weft threads / cm; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has at least substantially identical and / or equal values ​​for the number of warp threads and / or warp thread density on the one hand and the number of weft threads and / or weft thread density on the other hand; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has a thread count and / or thread density, based on a respective one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') and / or in particular independently of one another, in the range from 5 warp threads / cm to 60 warp threads / cm, in particular in the range from 10 warp threads / cm to 50 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 20 warp threads / cm to 45 warp threads / cm, preferably in the range from 25 warp threads / cm to 40 weft threads / cm; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has at least substantially identical and / or equal values ​​for the number of threads and / or thread density in one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') on the one hand and the number of threads and / or thread density in the other of the thread systems (3d', 3e') on the other hand. [35] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has a basis weight in the range of 40 g / m 2 up to 250 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 200 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 60 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 70 g / m 2 up to 120 g / m 2 , and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range of 0.01 mm to 10 mm, in particular in the range of 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably in the range of 0.075 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.15 mm to 1.5 mm. [36] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), is finished and / or has a finishing treatment, in particular wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), has been subjected to a finishing treatment; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), is dyed, in particular using at least one reactive dye and / or at least one disperse dye, in particular at least one reactive dye and at least one disperse dye and / or in particular using at least one metal complex dye and / or acid dye and / or pigments; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), is surface-treated, in particular by means of at least one polyolefin, preferably polyethylene, is surface-treated, in particular using at least one polyolefin dispersion, preferably polyethylene dispersion; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), is sanforized (shrunk). [37] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) covers in each case at most 75% of the surface of the carrier layer (3), in particular of the fabric (3c), and / or of the protective layer (5), preferably at most 60% of the surface of the carrier layer (3) and / or of the protective layer (5), particularly preferably at most 50% of the surface of the carrier layer (3) and / or of the protective layer (5), very particularly preferably at most 40% of the carrier layer (3), in particular of the fabric (3c), and / or of the protective layer (5); and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is present in an amount in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 100 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 15 g / m 2 up to 75 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 50 g / m 2 , is used and / or is present in particular as an adhesive polymer. [38] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is designed and / or applied in such a way that the thread mobility, in particular of the warp threads (3d) and / or the weft threads (3e) and / or in particular of the threads (3d, 3e), preferably the thread displaceability, in particular of the warp threads (3d) and / or the weft threads (3e) and / or in particular of the threads (3d, 3e), preferably in the main extension plane of the carrier layer (3) or of the fabric (3c), in particular under forceful stretching stress, is at least substantially not impaired and / or restricted. [39] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is designed and / or applied in such a way that at least some of the warp threads (3d) are at least substantially not bonded to adjacent warp threads (3d), at least in sections, in particular wherein the proportion of non-bonded warp threads (3d) is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of warp threads (3d); and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is designed and / or applied in such a way that at least some of the weft threads (3e) are at least substantially not bonded to adjacent weft threads (3e), at least in sections, in particular wherein the portion of the non-bonded weft threads (3e) is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of weft threads (3e); and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is formed and / or applied in such a way that at least some of the threads (3d, 3e) are at least substantially not bonded to adjacent threads (3d, 3e), at least in sections, in particular wherein the part of the non-bonded threads (3d, 3e) is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, based on the total number of threads (3d, 3e). [40] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the binding and / or crossing points of warp threads (3d) and weft threads (3e) and / or of the threads (3e, 3d) are free of adhesive (4) and / or are not coated with adhesive (4) or are at most provided with adhesive with the proviso that the warp threads (3d) and weft threads (3e) and / or the threads (3e, 3d) are at least substantially not bonded to one another in the binding and / or crossing points; in particular wherein at least 20%, in particular at least 30%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 50%, of the binding and / or crossing points, based on the total number of binding and / or crossing points in the carrier layer (3), in particular fabric (3c), are free of adhesive (4) or are coated with adhesive (4) at most with the proviso that the warp threads (3d) and weft threads (3e) and / or the threads (3e, 3d) in the binding and / or crossing points are at least substantially not glued to one another. [41] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is formed and / or applied in a dot matrix and / or discontinuous dot-shaped and / or non-continuous and / or in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably with an at least substantially circular cross-section; and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the form of, in particular, non-connected adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably non-connected and / or spaced apart and / or non-touching adhesive (polymer) dots; and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the form of a grid, in particular a regular grid, with a plurality of spaced-apart adhesive (polymer) points; and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is applied electronically calculated and / or controlled and / or computer-based; and / or wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is applied by means of a stencil, in particular with a predetermined hole pattern and / or (hole) grid. [42] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (4) (“first adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, in particular wherein the diameter, in particular cross-sectional diameter parallel to the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, of a respective adhesive (polymer) dot is at most as large as, preferably smaller than, the diameter (thread or yarn diameter) of the warp thread (3d) and / or weft thread (3e) or thread (3d, 3e) carrying and / or having the respective adhesive (polymer) dot; and / or in particular, wherein a respective adhesive (polymer) point, based on the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer (3) or the fabric (3c), at least substantially does not extend over the longitudinal extension of the warp thread (3d) and / or weft thread (3e) or thread (3d, 3e) carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point, preferably at least substantially does not extend over the diameter (thread or yarn diameter) of the warp thread (3d) and / or weft thread (3e) or thread (3d, 3e) carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point; and / or in particular wherein a respective adhesive (polymer) point, based on the vertical plan view of the main extension plane of the carrier layer 3 or the fabric 3c, is positioned at least substantially centrally on the respective warp thread (3d) and / or weft thread (3e) or thread (3d, 3e) carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point, preferably at least substantially centrally to the longitudinal axis, in particular the rotation axis, of the respective warp thread (3d) and / or weft thread (3e) or thread (3d, 3e) carrying and / or having the adhesive (polymer) point. [43] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the penetration depth of the adhesive (4) ("first adhesive"), in particular in the form of adhesive (polymer) dots, into the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), is at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, based on the thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, of the carrier layer (3), in particular of the fabric (3c). [44] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) has a (total) basis weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 600 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 500 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 40 g / m 2 up to 450 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 400 g / m 2 , particularly preferably in the range of 60 g / m 2 up to 350 g / m 2 , and / or wherein the protective layer (5) is designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water vapor-permeable, preferably gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and water vapor-permeable, preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable. [45] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) comprises or consists of adsorber particles (adsorption particles) 5c, in particular a plurality of individual and / or discrete adsorber particles; in particular wherein the adsorber particles (5c) are arranged in layers and / or form a layer; and / or in particular wherein the adsorber particles (5c) are activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in granular form (“granular carbon”) or activated carbon particles in spherical form (“spherical carbon”), preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in spherical form. [46] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adsorbent particles (5c) of the protective layer (5) are selected from the group of (i) in particular particulate activated carbon and / or activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in granular form (“granular carbon”) or activated carbon particles in spherical form (“spherical carbon”); (ii) zeolites, in particular natural and / or synthetic zeolites; (iii) molecular sieves, in particular zeolitic molecular sieves, synthetic molecular sieves and / or in particular synthetic molecular sieves based on carbon, oxides and / or glasses; (iv) metal oxide and / or metal particles; (v) ion exchange resins, in particular polydisperse and / or monodisperse cation and / or anion exchangers, in particular of the gel type and / or macroporous type; (vi) inorganic oxides, in particular silicon dioxides, silica gels and / or aluminum oxides; (vii) porous organic polymers and / or porous organic-inorganic hybrid polymers and / or metal-organic framework materials, in particular MOFs (metal organic framework), COFs (covalent organic framework), ZIFs (zeolite imidazolate framework), POMs (polymer organic material) and / or OFCs; (viii) mineral granules; (ix) clathrates; and (x) mixtures and / or combinations thereof, with (i) being particularly preferred. [47] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adsorbent particles (5c) of the protective layer (5), in particular the activated carbon particles, have a particle size, in particular a particle diameter, in the range from 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.075 mm to 0.75 mm, preferably in the range from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably in the range from 0.125 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 0.35 mm, in particular wherein at least 80 wt.%, in particular at least 90 wt.%, preferably at least 95 wt.%, preferably at least 99 wt.%, of the adsorbent particles (5c), in particular the activated carbon particles, have particle sizes, in particular particle diameters, in the aforementioned ranges. [48] ​​Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adsorber particles (5c) of the protective layer (5), in particular the activated carbon particles, have an average particle size (D 50), in particular an average particle diameter (D 50 ), in the range from 0.06 mm to 1.1 mm, in particular in the range from 0.09 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably in the range from 0.12 mm to 0.7 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm; and / or wherein the adsorber particles (5c) of the protective layer (5) are activated carbon particles, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in granular form (“granular carbon”) or activated carbon particles in spherical form (“spherical carbon”), preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in spherical form. [49] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) contains the adsorbent particles (5c), in particular the activated carbon particles, in an amount in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 450 g / m 2 , especially 10 g / m 2 up to 300 g / m 2 , preferably 30 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , and / or wherein the adsorber particles (5c) are arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer (3), in particular on the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) which is coated with adhesive (4), in particular by means of the adhesive (4). [50] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) comprises or consists of at least one fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d), in particular in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), preferably in the form of an activated carbon fiber sheet; in particular, wherein the fibrous and / or filamentary adsorption material (5d) is present and / or formed in the form of activated carbon fibers and / or activated carbon filaments, preferably in the form of an activated carbon fiber sheet; and / or in particular wherein the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, has a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.001 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range from 0.02 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.04 mm to 0.75 mm; and / or in particular wherein the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably activated carbon fiber sheet material, has a basis weight of 50 to 250 g / m 2 , especially 50 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably 80 to 180 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 90 to 150 g / m 2 , and / or In particular, the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably an activated carbon fiber sheet material, is a woven fabric, knitted fabric, scrim, nonwoven, nonwoven fabric, or textile composite, preferably a woven fabric, in particular made of activated carbon fibers. Activated carbon fibers of the adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material), preferably an activated carbon fiber sheet material, consist of carbonized and activated cellulose or viscose and / or of carbonized or activated polyacrylonitrile, preferably of carbonized and activated polyacrylonitrile. [51] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer (particle and / or aerosol filter) (5e); in particular wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) has a thickness, in particular cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.001 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 0.005 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range from 0.02 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.04 mm to 0.75 mm; and / or in particular wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) has a (total) surface weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 200 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 100 g / m 2 , has. [52] Protective filter material according to claim 51, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) comprises or consists of textile fibers selected from the group of polyurethane fibers; polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers and polyamide fibers; and mixtures and combinations thereof, in particular polyurethane fibers; and / or wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is a textile fabric, in particular a scrim or textile composite, preferably nonwoven, formed on the basis of and / or from textile fibers, in particular synthetic textile fibers, preferably polyurethane fibers, and / or comprising the aforementioned textile fibers, with a plurality of pores or meshes, in particular pores, delimited and / or formed by the textile fibers; and / or wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) has an average pore size or average mesh size, in particular an average pore size, in the range from 0.05 µm to 100 µm, in particular in the range from 0.1 µm to 50 µm, preferably in the range from 0.2 µm to 20 µm, preferably in the range from 0.3 µm to 10 µm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.4 µm to 5 µm, further preferably in the range from 0.5 µm to 3 µm, in particular determined according to ASTM F316-86; and / or wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) has a maximum pore size or maximum mesh size, in particular maximum pore size, of up to 200 µm, in particular of up to 100 µm, preferably of up to 50 µm, preferably of at most 20 µm, particularly preferably of up to 10 µm, further preferably of up to 4 µm; and / or wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is designed as a HEPA filter (High Efficiency Penetration or Particulate Air) or ULPA filter (Ultra Low Penetration or Particulate Air). [53] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e), ​​in particular as defined above, in combination with adsorber particles (5c), in particular adsorber particles (5c) arranged in layers and / or adsorber particles (5c) forming a layer, in particular as defined above; in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the adsorber particles (5c), in particular the layered adsorber particles (5c) and / or the adsorber particles (5c) forming a layer; and / or in particular wherein the adsorber particles (5c) are arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer (3), in particular on the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) which is coated with adhesive (4), in particular by means of the adhesive (4); and / or in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is arranged and / or fixed on the side of the adsorber particles (5c) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated with adhesive (4), in particular the layered adsorber particles (5c) and / or the adsorber particles (5c) forming a layer; and / or in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is arranged in the worn or applied state on the side of the protective layer (5) facing a pollutant source; and / or in particular wherein the adsorber particles (5c), in particular the layered adsorber particles (5c) and / or the adsorber particles (5c) forming a layer, are arranged on the side of the protective layer (5) facing away from a pollutant source in the worn or used state. [54] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer (5) comprises or consists of at least one particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e), ​​in particular as defined above, in combination with a fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d), preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet material (adsorption sheet material or adsorption sheet layer), in particular as defined above; in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) forms a composite, preferably a solid composite, and / or a laminate with the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d), preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet); and / or in particular wherein the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d), preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet (adsorption sheet), is arranged and / or fixed on the carrier layer (3), in particular on the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) which is coated with adhesive (4), in particular by means of the adhesive (4); and / or in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is arranged and / or fixed on the side of the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated with adhesive (4), preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet-like structure (adsorption sheet-like structure); and / or in particular, wherein the particle and / or aerosol filter layer (5e) is arranged in the worn or applied state on the side of the protective layer (5) facing a pollutant source; and / or in particular wherein the fibrous and / or filament-shaped adsorption material (5d), preferably in the form of an adsorptive sheet-like structure (adsorption sheet-like structure), is arranged in the worn or applied state on the side of the protective layer (5) facing away from a pollutant source. [55] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) in the protective filter material (1) is present and / or formed in the form of an adhesive polymer; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the protective filter material (1) as an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable and / or discontinuously formed adhesive layer, preferably based on an adhesive polymer; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is present in an amount in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 90 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 70 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 15 g / m 2 up to 45 g / m 2 , is used and / or is present in particular as an adhesive polymer; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is formed and / or applied in a discontinuous, point-like manner and / or is not continuous and / or in the form of adhesive (polymer) points, preferably with an at least substantially circular cross-section; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the form of, in particular, non-connected adhesive (polymer) dots, preferably non-connected and / or spaced apart and / or non-touching adhesive (polymer) dots; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is present and / or formed in the form of an irregular pattern with a plurality of spaced-apart adhesive (polymer) points; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is applied by means of a stencil, in particular with an irregular pattern; and / or wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is, in particular, a reactive hotmelt adhesive, in particular a moisture-crosslinking and / or radiation-crosslinking adhesive, preferably a moisture-crosslinking hotmelt adhesive, preferably a reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyurethane (PUR) hotmelt adhesive, or is based thereon, in particular wherein the adhesive (7) (“second adhesive”) is, or is based thereon, a one-component adhesive. [56] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the covering layer (6) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile fabric, in particular as a knitwear, woven fabric, scrim or textile composite material, preferably nonwoven, particularly preferably as a nonwoven; and / or wherein the covering layer (6) comprises or consists of a material, in particular textile fiber material, preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns, selected from the group of chemical fiber materials and natural fiber materials, preferably chemical fiber materials, in particular selected from the group of cotton (CO); wool; linen; polyesters; polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride; polyvinylidene chloride; acetates; triacetates; aramids, in particular meta- and / or para-amides; optionally modified and / or regenerated celluloses; polyacrylic; polyamide; polyvinyl alcohol; polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic polyurethanes; polyvinyl esters; modified and / or regenerated celluloses, in particular viscose; and mixtures or combinations thereof; preferably polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU); and / or wherein the covering layer (6) comprises or consists of an elastic material, in particular elastic textile fiber material, preferably elastic chemical fiber material, preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns, selected from the group of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU); and / or wherein the covering layer (6) comprises or consists of at least one thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), preferably in the form of and / or as a component of threads and / or yarns; and / or wherein the covering layer (6) has a basis weight in the range of 5 g / m 2 up to 150 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 10 g / m 2 up to 140 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 15 g / m 2 up to 130 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 up to 120 g / m 2 , has. [57] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the covering layer (6), in particular in the case of use of the protective filter material (1) in an ABC protective clothing item, is arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material (1) and / or the protective layer (5) facing a pollutant source and / or on the side of the protective filter material (1) and / or the protective layer (5) facing away from a wearer and / or user of the ABC protective clothing item; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), in particular in the case of use of the protective filter material (1) in an ABC protective clothing item, is arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material (1) and / or the protective layer (5) facing away from a pollutant source and / or on the side of the protective filter material (1) and / or the protective layer (5) facing a wearer and / or user of the ABC protective clothing item. [58] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1) has a particularly textile outer layer (11) (outer fabric), in particular wherein the outer layer (11) is present or formed as a gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, textile fabric; and / or in particular wherein the outer layer (11) is designed as a textile knitwear, preferably as a warp-knitted fabric (knitted fabric) or a knitted fabric (knitted fabric), or in particular as a woven fabric, scrim, nonwoven or textile composite material; and / or wherein the outer layer (11) and / or the covering layer (6), in particular the outer layer (11), is flame-retardant and / or flame-retardant and / or fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant; and / or. wherein the outer layer (11) and / or the cover layer (6), in particular the outer layer (11), is antistatic; and / or wherein the outer layer (11) and / or the cover layer (6), in particular the outer layer (11), has an oleophobic and / or hydrophobic finish and / or coating. wherein the outer layer (11) and / or the cover layer (6), preferably the outer layer (11), in particular in the case of use of the protective filter material (1) in an ABC protective clothing item, is arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material (1) facing a pollutant source and / or on the side of the protective filter material (1) facing away from a user (wearer) of the ABC protective clothing item; and / or wherein the carrier layer (3), in particular the fabric (3c), in particular in the case of use of the protective filter material (1) in an ABC protective clothing item, is arranged in the worn or used state on the side of the protective filter material (1) facing away from a pollutant source and / or on the side of the protective filter material (1) facing a user (wearer) of the ABC protective clothing item. [59] Protective filter material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective filter material (1) has a (total) basis weight (in particular determined as dry weight) in the range of 50 g / m 2 up to 1,000 g / m 2 , especially in the range of 75 g / m 2 up to 750 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 100 g / m 2 up to 500 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 120 g / m 2 up to 350 g / m 2 , particularly preferably in the range of 150 g / m 2 up to 300 g / m 2 , and / or wherein the protective filter material (1) has a thickness, in particular total cross-sectional thickness, in the range from 0.1 mm to 15 mm, in particular in the range from 0.15 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range from 0.2 mm to 6 mm, preferably in the range from 0.3 mm to 4 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 0.4 mm to 2 mm. [60] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastic (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having or consisting of a plurality of threads (3d, 3e), wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn (8); and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c), wherein the woven fabric (3c) is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the woven fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the more elastically designed direction of extension are designed to be elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn (8). [61] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastically formed (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fibre material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fibre material, in particular elastic chemical fibre material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having a plurality of threads (3d, 3e) or consisting thereof, wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), are elastically designed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of this and / or are formed from this, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material,preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b);, and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a fabric (3c), wherein the fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the elastically formed extension direction are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b). [62] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (plies) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastically formed (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (3d) or the weft threads (3e), preferably only the weft threads (3e), are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fibre material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and with at least one elastic chemical fibre material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b), is; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having a plurality of threads (3d, 3e) or consisting thereof, wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), are elastically designed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of this and / or are formed from this, wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of of polyurethane (PUR) (especially CO / PUR sheath / core yarn),preferably elastane (EL) (especially CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b), is; and / or that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a fabric (3c), wherein the fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the elastically formed extension direction are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn (8), wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b), is. [63] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a woven fabric (3c) with a plurality of warp threads (3d) and with a plurality of weft threads (3e); wherein the weft threads (3e) are elastically formed (elastic weft threads), preferably only the weft threads (3e) are elastically formed and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it, in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fibre material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fibre material, in particular elastic chemical fibre material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and wherein the warp threads (3d) are non-elastic and each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn (9), in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and Polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn). [64] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a fabric (3c) with two thread systems (3d', 3e') each having or consisting of a plurality of threads (3d, 3e), wherein the threads (3d, 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d', 3e') run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads (3d, 3e) of the other thread system (3d', 3e'), wherein the threads (3d or 3e) of one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), in particular only one of the thread systems (3d' or 3e'), preferably the weft threads (3e) of the weft thread system (3e'), are elastic and / or are present as elastic threads and each have at least one elastic yarn (8) or consist of it and / or are formed from it, in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fibre material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fibre material, in particular elastic chemical fibre material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and where the threads (3e or 3d) of the other thread system (3e' or 3d'), preferably the warp threads (3d) of the warp thread system (3d') are non-elastic and each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn (9), in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) comprises a non-elastic single or Multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn). [65] NBC protective filter material (1) (CBRN protective filter material), preferably for use in a textile NBC protective clothing item, in particular NBC protective filter material (1) with high and / or improved elasticity in at least one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile NBC protective filter material (1) with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants and with high and / or improved elasticity, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular ABC protective filter material (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) is designed as a preferably air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure (2), in particular of several interconnected layers (layers) (3, 4, 5), preferably in the form of a laminate, is trained, wherein the ABC protective filter material (1) comprises: (i) a textile carrier layer (3) with two opposite sides (3a, 3b), wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (4) is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”) (3a), (ii) a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer (5) with two opposite sides (5a, 5b) and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer (5) is connected via one of its two sides (5a) by means of the adhesive (4) to the textile carrier layer (3), in particular to the side (3a) of the carrier layer (3) coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a cover layer (6), wherein the cover layer (6) is connected to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, in particular by means of an adhesive (7) preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer (5), in particular to the side (5b) of the protective layer (5) facing away from the carrier layer (3); characterized by , that the textile carrier layer (3) is designed as a fabric (3c), wherein the fabric (3c) is elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or wherein the fabric (3c) has different elasticities in the two directions of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the elastically formed extension direction are elastically formed and / or present as elastic threads and each comprise or consist of and / or are formed from at least one elastic yarn (8), in particular wherein the elastic yarn (8) is an elastic sheath / core yarn, in particular with at least one natural fiber material, preferably cotton (CO), as sheath material (8a) and in particular with at least one chemical fiber material, in particular elastic chemical fiber material, preferably based on and / or in the form of polyurethane (PUR) (in particular CO / PUR sheath / core yarn), preferably elastane (EL) (in particular CO / EL sheath / core yarn), as core material (8b); and wherein the fabric (3c) is non-elastic in the other direction of extension, wherein the threads running in the direction and / or parallel to the non-elastic direction of extension are non-elastic and each have or consist of and / or are formed from at least one non-elastic yarn (9), in particular wherein the non-elastic yarn (9) is a non-elastic single-component or multi-component yarn, in particular a non-elastic sheath / core yarn with cotton (CO) as sheath material and polyester (PES) as core material (CO / PES sheath / core yarn). [66] Use of elastically formed weft threads (elastic weft threads) and / or of elastically formed warp threads (elastic warp threads) or of elastically formed weft threads, preferably only of elastically formed weft threads, in a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric with a plurality of warp threads and with a plurality of weft threads; and / or of elastically formed threads (elastic threads) in a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric has or consists of two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the elastically formed threads are present and / or used in one of the thread systems, in particular in only one of the thread systems; and / or of elastically formed threads (elastic threads) in a textile carrier layer formed as a fabric, wherein the elastically formed threads are present and / or used in such a way that the fabric in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, is elastic and / or that the fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension; to increase and / or improve the elasticity and / or to provide elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material) comprising the carrier layer, in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile ABC protective clothing item, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material having the carrier layer and having a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants. [67] Use of a textile carrier layer formed as a woven fabric for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an ABC protective filter material (CBRN protective filter material) comprising the carrier layer, in particular wherein the ABC protective filter material is used in a textile NBC protective garment, preferably with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular for increasing and / or improving the elasticity and / or for providing elasticity in at least one direction, in particular in only one direction, preferably in the transverse direction, of an air-permeable and water vapor-permeable textile ABC protective filter material comprising the carrier layer and having a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the fabric has a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads, wherein the weft threads are formed elastically (elastic weft threads) and / or wherein either the warp threads (elastic warp threads) or the weft threads, preferably only the weft threads, are formed elastically and / or are formed and / or present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric has two thread systems each having or consisting of a plurality of threads, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems run at least substantially perpendicular to the threads of the other thread system, wherein the threads of one of the thread systems, in particular only one of the thread systems, are designed to be elastic and / or are designed and / or are present as elastic threads; and / or wherein the fabric is designed to be elastic in one direction of extension, in particular in only one direction of extension, and / or wherein the fabric is designed such that the fabric has a higher elasticity in one direction of extension than in the other direction of extension and / or that the fabric has different elasticities in the two directions of extension. [68] Use according to claim 66 or 67, wherein the ABC protective filter material is preferably a permeable and water vapor-permeable textile sheet material with a multi-layer (multi-ply) structure, in particular from several interconnected layers (layers), preferably in the form of a laminate, wherein the ABC protective filter material comprises, in particular in the following specified sequence (i), (ii) and optionally (iii): (i) the textile carrier layer formed as a fabric with two opposite sides, wherein one of its two sides (“functional side”) is coated and / or provided with a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive (“first adhesive”) and / or wherein a preferably discontinuously applied adhesive is applied to one of its two sides (“functional side”), (ii) a protective layer with two opposite sides and with a protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, in particular with an adsorptive and / or (aerosol-)filtering protective function against chemical and / or biological and / or nuclear pollutants, wherein the protective layer is connected via one of its two sides by means of the adhesive to the textile carrier layer, in particular to the side of the carrier layer coated and / or provided with adhesive (“functional side”), in particular permanently and / or permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, (iii) optionally a textile cover layer, wherein the cover layer is connected, in particular permanently and / or firmly connected, preferably glued, to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer, in particular by means of an adhesive preferably applied discontinuously to the protective layer, in particular to the side of the protective layer facing away from the carrier layer (“second adhesive”). [69] Use of an ABC protective filter material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65, for the production of protective equipment and / or protective articles of all kinds, in particular protective clothing, in particular for the civil or military sector, such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, head protection clothing, or the like, and / or for the production of protective covers of all kinds, preferably all of the aforementioned protective materials and / or protective clothing for NBC use and / or with a protective function against chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and toxic substances. [70] Use of an ABC protective filter material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65, for the production of filters and filter materials of all kinds, in particular for the removal of pollutants, odors and toxins of all kinds, preferably for the removal of chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and Toxic substances, in particular from air and / or gas streams, such as ABC protective mask filters, odor filters, surface filters, air filters, in particular filters for room air purification, adsorption-capable carrier structures and filters for the medical sector. [71] Protective equipment and / or protective articles of all kinds, in particular for the civil or military sector, in particular protective clothing, such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, head protection clothing and the like, as well as protective covers, preferably all of the aforementioned protective equipment and / or protective articles for NBC use and / or with a protective function against chemical, biological and / or radioactive pollutants and toxic substances, manufactured using an NBC protective filter material (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65, and / or comprising an NBC protective filter material (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65. [72] Filters and filter materials of all kinds, in particular for removing harmful, odorous and toxic substances of all kinds, preferably for removing chemical, biological and / or radioactive harmful and toxic substances, in particular from air and / or gas streams, such as protective mask filters, odor filters, surface filters, air filters, in particular filters for room air purification, adsorption-capable support structures and filters for the medical sector, produced using an ABC protective filter material (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65 and / or comprising an ABC protective filter material (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 65. [73] Use according to claim 66 or claim 68, use according to claim 67 or claim 68, use according to claim 69 or 70, protective equipment and / or protective articles according to claim 71 or filters and filter materials according to claim 72, characterized byone or more of the features of claims 1 to 65.

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