Hose and device for deterring crawling mollusks

Abstract

Hose (1) with a fabric outer layer into which at least one electrical conductor (2) is woven, and a plastic inner layer, the hose (1) being provided with water-permeable openings in some areas.

Description

This invention relates to a hose and apparatus for quenching creep yielding animals.DE 10 2016 123 447 A1 describes the protection of horticulturally used surfaces, for example garden beds, from creeping mollusks, in particular screws, by electrical means. On a garden hose completely surrounding a bed surface and resting continuously on the ground, wire holders can be latched onto the same at selectable intervals in a positive and non-positive manner. At the upper sides of the wire holders, an electrically conductive wire is in turn guided in a force-fit and form-fit manner into eyes and connected to a voltage source operated against ground potential.The invention is based on the object of specifying a novel hose and a novel device for quenching creeping soft-yielding animals.The object is achieved according to the invention by a hose having the features of claim 1 and by a device for quenching creep yieldings having the features of claim 9.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.According to the invention, a hose is proposed, having an outer fabric layer, into which at least one electrical conductor is woven, and an inner plastic layer, wherein the hose is provided in regions with water-permeable openings, in particular by needles.In one embodiment, the electrical conductor is formed as a wire, in particular from a metal, from carbon and / or a mineral material, for example basalt.In one embodiment, the electrical conductor is formed as a copper braid.In one embodiment, the plastic inner layer is formed by vulcanization.In one embodiment, the plastic layer is formed from ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or from polyurethane or from another plastic.In one embodiment, the conductor is reinforced with at least one synthetic fiber.In one embodiment, monofilament plastic fibers are woven into the outer layer of fabric.In one embodiment, the hose is designed as an at least substantially dimensionally stable hose having an at least substantially circular cross section. Alternatively, the hose can be designed without or with little dimensional stability in the non-pressurized state, so that the hose is flat under the action of gravity in the non-pressurized state.According to one aspect of the present invention, a device for quenching creeping stelling is proposed, comprising at least one hose as described above, which is laid on a ground, wherein the at least one electrical conductor is connected at least to one pole of a voltage source, which is configured to emit a voltage, in particular a DC voltage and / or an AC voltage, wherein the hose is fillable or filled with water and can be adjusted or set under water pressure.In one embodiment, another pole of the voltage source is electrically connected to a ground pile that plugs into the ground.In one embodiment, the hose is laid such that the electrical conductor or at least one of a plurality of electrical conductors points at least substantially upwards.In one embodiment, the hose comprises one, two or more conductors connected to the one pole of the voltage source, at least one further conductor being arranged between these conductors and connected to a further ground pile.The hose according to the invention can be produced easily by means of hose weaving technology and can be wound up very tightly. This is advantageous during shipping and retail (for example, for cutting to length a tube roll). Unlike a conventional PE tube, the hose according to the invention is less sensitive to mechanical damage. While an electric wire could become detached from the PE tube and tear in the event of an accidental impact, the electric wire is safely protected by special weaving technology in the fabric hose according to the invention. In addition, the fabric tube is UV-resistant. Simple dismantling of the hose after harvesting or before winter is possible, but not absolutely necessary.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.Shown therein are: FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a device with a hose for repelling screws, FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a greenhouse, in the entry area of which a hose according to FIG. 1 is laid, FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a device with a further embodiment of a hose for repelling screws, FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the device with the hose from FIG. 3 at low water pressure, FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the device with the hose from FIG. 3 at elevated water pressure, and FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a device with a plurality of hoses.Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a hose 1, in particular a woven hose 1, for repelling screws 9. the hose 1 can have a woven fabric on the outside and a vulcanized plastic layer on the inside and additionally have at an outer surface, for example in the woven fabric, at least one woven-in electrical conductor 2, for example a wire 2, in particular a metal wire 2 (for example copper stranded wire), which can in particular be of highly flexible design. The hose 1 can be used, for example, for quenching snails 9 on crop plants, on beds and agricultural surfaces.The at least one electrical conductor 2 is connected to at least one pole of a voltage source 4, which can be configured to emit a voltage, in particular a DC voltage and / or an AC voltage.A further pole of the voltage source 4 can be electrically connected, for example via an electrical connecting wire 3, to a ground pile 5.In particular, the hose 1 is laid such that the electrical conductor 2 or at least one of a plurality of electrical conductors 2 points at least substantially upward.During production or subsequent thereto, the hose 1 is additionally needled, i.e. provided with targeted leaks. A non-needled hose 1 would reliably repel screws 9 under extreme dryness only if the soil 10 has sufficient electrical conductivity.If, on the other hand, the hose 1 needled according to the invention is filled with water 11 and is under water pressure, then depending on the water pressure water 11 escapes from the hose 1 and wets the hose 1 from the outside. As a result, soil 10 located under the hose 1 is wetted and the electrical conductivity of the soil 10 is thus increased. Thus, the voltage, for example 12 V AC voltage, of the voltage source 4 is present at the ground 10. In this way, screws 9 are safely quenched even under extreme dryness. The screws 9 already feel a slight electric shock when the wet fabric of the hose 1 is in contact. However, if they attempt to creep further onto the hose 1, they are subjected to a powerful impact upon contact with the at least one conductor 2 and are thus distributed effectively. Plants standing in the vicinity of the tube 1 benefit at the same time in that they additionally receive water 11 and their growth can thus be improved.The fabric tube 1 can have any desired diameter, which can be selected according to the intended purpose.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a drip tube 6 is connected to the hose 1, which is likewise needled, so that water 11 exits the drip tube 6 and wets soil 10 located beneath it as a function of the water pressure.The needle punching of the hose 1 and / or the drip tube 6 serves to wet the soil 10 under the hose 1. The electrical conductivity of the ground 10 is thereby increased and the screws 9 are quenched even more safely. The outer sheath, for example the fabric, of the hose 1 likewise wets through, which thereby likewise becomes electrically conductive and can quench screws 9.In other embodiments, the hose 1 can also be used without a drip tube 6.FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a greenhouse 20, in particular a tunnel greenhouse, in the entry area 21 of which a hose 1 is laid transversely as described above, such that screws 9 are quenched from entering the greenhouse 20 when the entry area 21 is open.FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the hose 1. while the hose 1 according to FIG. 1 is formed as a substantially dimensionally stable hose 1 with an at least substantially circular cross section, the hose 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is formed without or with low dimensional stability in the non-pressurized state, so that the hose 1 in the non-pressurized state is flat under the action of gravity. This hose 1 can also be designed as a woven hose 1. The tube 1 can have a woven fabric on the outside and a vulcanized plastic layer on the inside and additionally have at an outer surface, for example in the woven fabric, at least one woven-in electrical conductor 2, in particular wire 2, for example metal wire 2 (for example copper stranded wire), which can be designed in particular to be highly flexible.The woven-in electrical conductors 2 or wires 2 ensure a secure protection against screws 9 in agriculture. Likewise, hoses 1 according to FIG. 3 can also be combined with drip tubes 6.The plastic layer inside the hose 1 can be formed from EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber) in both embodiments. This material already has its own electrical conductivity because of its composition. Thus, a small current can flow from the conductors 2 onto the plastic layer inside the hose 1, into the water filling of the hose 1 and through the needle punching back to the outer skin of the hose 1. This could achieve multiple safety. Should the electrical conductors 2 be destroyed (which is virtually impossible), there is thus an emergency running property via the plastic layer in the interior of the tube 1 and the screws 9 are nevertheless quenched.When the invention is used in gardens and on agricultural fields, the screws 9 are quenched without damaging or killing them and without applying venom.For special requirements it may also be desired to kill the screws 9. Voltages above 24 V are already fatal for worms 9. For electrical installations of agricultural and horticultural plants, a maximum of 25 V alternating voltage is permissible.The present invention is intended to prevent screws 9 from getting onto beds and onto agricultural cultivation surfaces. Of course, individual plants can also be protected.Due to the flexibility of the hose 1, it can adapt itself particularly well to the underlying surface and to the terrain. This simplifies the installation and installation, which is possible both manually and mechanically. The hose 1 can also be used in greenhouses 20, for example at entrance doors and gates, which are often open for all days in order to ventilate the greenhouse 20.In particular, a plurality of electrical conductors 2 or wires 2 can be used on or on hoses 1 with larger diameters.For example, at least one conductor 2, in particular also two or more conductors 2, can be connected directly to the one pole of the voltage source 4. At least one further conductor 2' can be connected to a ground pile 5 or a further ground pile 5' and thus via the connecting wire 3, the ground pile 5, the ground 10 and the further ground pile 5' to the other pole of the voltage source 4. This further conductor 2' can be arranged, for example, between the two other conductors 2.FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the hose 1 from FIG. 3 at low water pressure. The cross section of the hose 1 is no longer flat, but oval, due to the water pressure. FIG. 5 is another schematic view of the hose 1 of FIG. 3 at higher water pressure. The cross section of the hose 1 is round, in particular at least substantially circular, as a result of the water pressure.The flat tube 1 can be formed, for example, without monofilament synthetic fibers. The flat hose 1, similar to a fire hose, can be laid flat again on the ground 10 after irrigation due to its low dimensional stability in the pressureless state and can even be traveled over by vehicles, for example agricultural machines. Angles from fire-fighting technology can be used at the 90° degree corners.The flat hose 1 can also be needled and also extended with drip tubes 6.The hose 1 can be laid and removed with agricultural machinery, since it has a very high tensile strength.When water is filled, this hose 1 is repeatedly set up under pressure. This property is of particular interest in the entrance area 21 of a greenhouse 20.A wide variety of electrical conductors 2 can be woven into the woven hose 1, for example made of at least one metal, carbon and / or a mineral material, for example basalt.Basalt is a rather poor conductor compared to copper. Resistances above 10 kOhm per meter are possible. This would nevertheless be sufficient for deriving static voltages.A worm has a body internal resistance of 120 kOhm. Thus, the resistance of the electrical conductor of the fabric hose can be, for example, 10 kOhm, in particular in smaller applications, for example a circular worm hose of, for example, a diameter of 30 cm for protecting an individual plant.The inner liner of the hose 1 may be formed of vulcanized EPDM. However, polyurethane or another plastic can also be used. By using polyurethane, a significant weight reduction compared with EPDM can be achieved.Monofilament plastic fibers can be woven into the fabric, by means of which the fabric tube 1 has high flexibility and high anti-kink protection (especially at 90° corners of the beetes). This ensures an unhindered passage of water. Furthermore, the monofilament technique can achieve very high dimensional stability and high tensile strength.A rotation in the longitudinal direction of the fabric hose 1 can be prevented, since the hose 1 aligns itself again automatically. Thus, the woven-in electrical conductors 2 repeatedly point upward, for example.The woven-in conductors 2, in particular copper strands, can additionally be reinforced with synthetic fibers and are therefore virtually inextricable.The use of a plurality of electrical conductors 2 and also electrical voltage planes can further increase the reliability. For example, an electrical conductor 2 can have a voltage of 12 V and a further conductor 2' a voltage of 24 V. When DC voltage is used, a series circuit of two batteries each having 12 V can be used as voltage source 4, at the center tap of which the voltage of 12 V is tapped. When using alternating voltage, a transformer can be used as the voltage source 4, for example, which transformer has two windings or a winding with a center tap on a secondary side, at which the voltage of 12 V is tapped.In a further embodiment, at least three electrical conductors 2, 2' can be provided in the hose 1, which are each connected to a phase of a three-phase alternating voltage, for example 21 V. A three-phase transformer can be used as the voltage source 4.By using alternating voltage, electrochemical corrosion of the electrical conductors 2, 2' and / or of the ground poles 5, 5' can be avoided.For example, the alternating voltage can be provided by a photovoltaic system with an accumulator and a DC / AC converter. The DC / AC converter may comprise a printed circuit board with a MOS bridge that converts DC voltage into AC voltage (for example at 50 Hz). In this case, for example, a square-wave voltage is produced which alternates between +12 V and -12 V. The square wave voltage may be even more effective than a sine wave voltage (arithmetic mean).When the device is used in agriculture, a larger photovoltaic panel (for example 100 Wp) and a larger rechargeable battery (for example 100 Ah) can be provided. For use in small gardens, a correspondingly smaller design can be provided.If only a rather small area is to be protected from screws, this can also be done, for example, with a small 12V battery cell (for example type 27A or A23) or with a 9V block. The battery normally holds at least one year. The positive pole of the battery should be connected via the ground pile 5, 5'. The negative pole of the battery is accordingly always connected to the electrical conductor 2 on the hose 1. If not considered, the electrical conductor 2 on the hose 1 can otherwise be destroyed electrochemically in a short time.FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a device with multiple tubes 1.Short hoses 1 (fabric hoses) with, for example, only one meter length are sufficient for many applications in garden. The hose is connected to a T-piece (for example 13 mm) for supplying water. A worm ring of, for example, 30 cm diameter can be formed. Individual plants, such as, for example, Rittersporn in staud beds or else openly standing cannabis plants, can thus be protected. Needle punching can be used to water the plants.This small worm ring can be operated individually with DC voltage or AC voltage, but can also be combined with other worm rings and also be crosslinked.The worm ring can also be equipped with suitable small drip tubes 6. These may be directed inwards, towards the plant or also outwards in order to water bushes or also trees. Spray nozzles or water drips can also be provided on the inside of the screw ring. The water outlet can be set very easily by hand. For example, the exit characteristic of mist or jet can be adjusted in this way. Surprisingly, it has been found that the water pressure of a rainwater barrel (without an additional pump) is sufficient. However, large installations can also be supplied with water line pressure or a special water pump. In order to avoid damage to the drip tubes 6, a pressure reducer can be interposed which reduces the pressure to, for example, 0.5 bar to 1 bar.FIG. 6 shows electrical connection possibilities of the screw hose by means of a screen 12, for example a metal screen 12, in particular made of stainless steel, which is in electrical contact with its conductors 2 at the ends of the hose. The cover 12 can be fastened to the hose 1, for example, by means of hose clamps 13, by means of plastic hose holders or by means of electrically conductive hose clamps (for example, vapor-deposited with aluminum). Alternatively, metal screens with spring clips can be used, which are only pushed onto the hose 1.Plug connectors 14 (for example motor vehicle plug connectors) for contacting the voltage source 4 can be arranged on the panel 12.Furthermore, two form-fitting half shells, in particular made of plastic, can be used, wherein an upper half shell can be formed with an electrically conductive layer (chromium, aluminum or coated with another metal) or from electrically conductive solid material, for example aluminum. The contour can be milled out or cast. Continuous projection connections provide a firm hold.LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS1 Hose, fabric hose 2, 2' electrical conductor, wire, metal wire 3 connecting wire 4 voltage source 5, 5' grounding pile 6 drip tube 9 worm 10 ground 11 water 12 screen, metal screen 13 hose clamp 14 plug connector 20 greenhouse 21 entry areaReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2016 123 447 A1

[0002]

Claims

Hose (1) having a fabric outer layer into which at least one electrical conductor (2) is woven, and a plastic inner layer, wherein the hose (1) is provided in regions with water-permeable openings.Hose (1) according to claim 1, wherein the electrical conductor (2) is formed as a wire, in particular from a metal, from carbon and / or a mineral material, for example basalt.Hose (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical conductor (2) is formed as a copper braid.Hose (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic inner layer is formed by vulcanization.Hose (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic layer is formed of ethylene propylene diene rubber or of polyurethane.Hose (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the conductor (2) is reinforced with at least one synthetic fiber.Hose (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein monofilament plastic fibres are woven into the outer layer of fabric.The hose (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hose (1) is formed as an at least substantially dimensionally stable hose (1) with an at least substantially circular cross section, or wherein the hose (1) is formed without or with low dimensional stability in the non-pressurized state, such that the hose (1) is flat under the action of gravity in the non-pressurized state.Device for quenching creeping softners, comprising at least one hose (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which is laid on a ground (10), wherein the at least one electrical conductor (2) is connected at least to one pole of a voltage source (4) which is configured to emit a voltage, in particular a DC voltage and / or an AC voltage, wherein the hose (1) is fillable or filled with water (11) and can be set or is set under water pressure.The device according to claim 9, wherein another pole of the voltage source (4) is electrically connected to a ground pile (5) that plugs into the ground (10).Device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the hose (1) is laid such that the electrical conductor (2) or at least one of a plurality of electrical conductors (2) points at least substantially upwards.Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein one, two or more conductors (2) are connected to the one pole of the voltage source (4), wherein at least one further conductor (2') is arranged between these conductors (2) and is connected to a further ground pile (5').

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