Building module and arrangement of building modules

Abstract

Building module (24) for the production of a residential unit (16), comprising a floor section (36), a ceiling section (38), a first side wall section (40) connecting the floor section (36) with the ceiling section (38) and a second side wall section (42) connecting the floor section (36) with the ceiling section (38) and arranged opposite the first side wall section (40), wherein the building module (24) has a first longitudinal side (44) and a second longitudinal side (44) opposite it in plan view, and wherein the building module (24) has the overall shape of a rectangular frame (48) that is substantially open on both longitudinal sides.

Description

The invention relates to building modules and arrangements of building modules. The growing market for modular construction in multi-story residential buildings is currently largely driven by the industrial mass production of building modules. This industrial mass production is characterized by a high degree of prefabrication of the building modules, which allows for speed advantages in building construction. In practical application, however, this sometimes leads to rigid floor plans. Furthermore, it results in limitations in architectural design freedom. The construction of these standard building modules usually employs a hybrid steel-timber structure or a solid timber construction. A significant problem with this conventional construction method is that the required spans necessitate the use of exposed beams.These beams protrude into the interior of the building module, reducing its headroom and thus limiting design freedom and complicating the integration of building services. Therefore, while some building services are pre-installed at the manufacturer's factory, many installations can only be completed on-site. Even the installation of wall cladding is a task that can only be accomplished on the construction site. Another disadvantage of commercially available modules is their load-bearing facades, which necessitate a high degree of standardization in the exterior appearance, resulting in a repetitive design that is often perceived as disruptive. The invention is based on the objective of providing building modules and arrangements of building modules that are particularly inexpensive, can be used to supplement existing buildings and offer as much space as possible in the interior. The problem underlying the invention is solved by building modules and arrangements of building modules with the features of the dependent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims. The building module according to the invention has an extremely simple structure and can therefore be manufactured very inexpensively. It enables the construction of a (tube-shaped) residential unit by simply connecting identical building modules. The length of the residential unit can be adjusted according to requirements, depending on the number of building modules. The invention relates to a prefabricated building module, typically manufactured industrially in a production plant, for the construction of a residential unit. Typically, the building module is transported from the production plant to the construction site by low-loader and then positioned there by crane. The building module comprises a horizontal floor section at the bottom, a horizontal ceiling section at the top, a first vertical side wall section connecting the floor section to the ceiling section, and a second vertical side wall section connecting the floor section to the ceiling section and positioned opposite the first side wall section. In plan view, the building module has a first longitudinal side and a second longitudinal side opposite it, with both longitudinal sides typically being at least predominantly open.This results in the building module having the shape of a rectangular frame that is typically mostly open on both long sides. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the building module has a first vertical support. This support is located in the region of the first longitudinal side, i.e., at the open edge of the building module, closer to the first side wall section than to the second side wall section, thus significantly off-center, but spaced apart from the first side wall section. The first vertical support braces the ceiling section against the floor section. Similarly, the building module has a second vertical support, located in the region of the second longitudinal side, closer to the first side wall section than to the second side wall section, but spaced apart from the first side wall section, which braces the ceiling section against the floor section. This reduces the free span of the ceiling section, thereby eliminating the need for additional beams for the structural bracing of the ceiling section.However, due to the off-center arrangement of the supports, the interior of the building module remains essentially free of supports. The building module features a first functional section, preferably pre-installed entirely at the factory, located in the area between the first side wall section and the first and second vertical columns. The building module is therefore not completely empty; rather, the space between the two vertical columns and the side wall section closest to them is utilized to fulfill a typical function required in residential construction. Additionally, the building module includes a first longitudinal wall section extending along the first longitudinal side from the first side wall section to the first vertical column. This section connects the first side wall section, the first vertical column, the floor section, and the ceiling section, thereby providing additional bracing for this area and further improving the overall stability of the building module.The same applies to a second longitudinal wall section, which extends along the second longitudinal side from the first side wall section to the second vertical support and connects the first side wall section, the second vertical support, the floor section and the ceiling section. No concrete is required for the production of the building module according to the invention. Instead, the floor section, the ceiling section, the side wall sections, the vertical supports, and the longitudinal wall sections are made at least predominantly of wood. The interior of the building module can be completely prefabricated, except for the final floor and ceiling coverings. One advantage of this design is that visible beams are no longer necessary due to the new structural system concept according to the invention. This is achieved by reducing the span of the load-bearing ceiling sections by means of vertical supports positioned further away from the side wall sections, while maintaining the same external length of the building module. In contrast to standardized structural grids, which are usually oriented towards the exterior facade, the structural grid in the invention is rotated by 90°. The load-bearing elements are thus located inside the building modules, which relieves the facade of structural loads. Since the load-bearing elements are located inside the building module, the facade remains completely customizable. The facade can therefore be constructed on-site after the building modules have been erected. The area between the vertical support and the side wall section is closed by a longitudinal edge section, which contributes to the static stiffening of the building module. Thus, each building module forms a self-contained, statically independent system. This makes it possible to forgo an additional reinforced concrete core as a stiffening element. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the building module has a third vertical support, which is arranged in the region of the first longitudinal side closer to the second side wall section than to the first side wall section, but spaced apart from the second side wall section, and which supports the ceiling section on the floor section; that the building module further has a fourth vertical support, which is arranged in the region of the second longitudinal side closer to the second side wall section than to the first side wall section, but spaced apart from the second side wall section, and which supports the ceiling section on the floor section; that the building module has a preferably pre-installed second functional section, which is arranged in the region between the second side wall section and the two third and fourth vertical supports; that the building module has a third longitudinal wall section.which extends along the first longitudinal side from the second side wall section to the third vertical support and connects the second side wall section, the third vertical support, the floor section, and the ceiling section; that the building module has a fourth longitudinal wall section extending along the second longitudinal side from the second side wall to the fourth vertical support and connecting the second side wall section, the fourth vertical support, the floor section, and the ceiling section, wherein the vertical supports and the longitudinal wall sections are at least predominantly made of wood. The additional vertical supports and longitudinal wall sections further increase the rigidity of the building module, particularly when the distance between the two side walls is relatively large.For example, in the range of 6 m. This also leads to a reduction in the "free" span. Furthermore, the functionality of the building module is increased again by the additional functional section. However, especially in the case of a building module where the distance between the two side walls is rather small, for example in the range of 3.60 m, the additional vertical supports and longitudinal wall sections can also be omitted. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the distance, viewed parallel to the longitudinal side, between the second side wall section and the third and fourth supports is smaller than the distance, viewed parallel to the longitudinal side, between the first side wall section and the first and second supports. This maximizes the column-free area within the building module. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the first functional section is one of the following: bathroom section with shower; bathroom section with washbasin; toilet section; bathroom section with washbasin and toilet; kitchen section with sink; kitchen section with stove; storage room section; closet section; shelf section. Preferably, said functional sections are completely prefabricated at the factory and integrated into the building module, so that essentially only the connections need to be made on site. These functional sections can cover all the essential functions required by an apartment. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the second functional section is one of the following: cabinet section; shelf section; access section. The typically smaller second functional section can thus be used very well for storage or for accommodating an entrance door through which a residential unit made from the building modules can be accessed from the outside. The problem underlying the invention is also solved by an arrangement of building modules of the type described above. The arrangement comprises a plurality of building modules of the type described above, whose length and height are identical, wherein a first longitudinal side of a building module is connected to a second longitudinal side of an adjacent building module. Typically, in such an arrangement, building modules with different functional sections are joined together, thereby creating a residential unit that, while somewhat tube-like, nevertheless possesses all the necessary functions. An advantageous aspect of the aforementioned building module is that the building module has a first vertical support which, in the region of the first longitudinal side, is located closer to the first side wall section than to the second side wall section, but spaced apart from the first side wall section, and which supports the ceiling section at the floor section, wherein the building module has a first longitudinal wall section which extends along the first longitudinal side from the first side wall section to the first vertical support and which connects the first side wall section, the first vertical support, the floor section and the ceiling section, wherein the floor section, the ceiling section, the side wall sections, the vertical supports and the longitudinal wall sections are made at least predominantly of wood, and wherein the building module is free of supports or longitudinal wall sections in the region of the second longitudinal side, such thatthat a balcony railing or glazing can be attached or pre-attached to the second long side, extending at least substantially from the first side wall section to the second side wall section. This building module is thus similarly constructed to the building modules described above; however, the second long side between the two side wall sections is at least substantially free, and no functional sections are provided. The building module presented here is therefore a "balcony module" that can be attached to or adjacent to a building module of the type described above, thereby creating a residential unit with a balcony. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the "balcony module" just described has a second vertical support which, in the area of ​​the first longitudinal side, is arranged closer to the second side wall section than to the first side wall section, but spaced apart from the second side wall section, and which supports the ceiling section on the floor section, and that it has a second longitudinal wall section which extends on the first longitudinal side from the second side wall section to the second vertical support and which connects the second side wall section, the second vertical support, the floor section and the ceiling section (the "second" vertical support just mentioned thus corresponds functionally and spatially to the "third" vertical support mentioned in the building module described above).This further improves the stiffness of the building module designed as a "balcony module", especially if it is a comparatively long building module, for example one with a length of 6 m. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that, in the "balcony module" just described, an openable glazing can be attached or pre-attached to the first longitudinal side, extending at least substantially from the first vertical support to the second side wall or to the second support – if present. The "balcony module" can thus be pre-equipped with the typical separation from the living area formed by the other building modules, for example, with windows and / or a balcony door. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the floor section, the ceiling section, and the side sections of the building modules described above each comprise solid cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels, and in particular are made at least substantially of such panels, and that the longitudinal wall sections—if present—are formed by timber frame walls. CLT panels and timber frame walls are very well suited to bearing the necessary loads, thereby creating a very rigid building module that can be manufactured sustainably and inexpensively and is comparatively lightweight compared to a concrete structure. The main structure can, for example, comprise solid 20 cm thick CLT panels for the floor and ceiling sections. For the side wall sections, 12.5 cm thick CLT panels can, for example, be used. The problem underlying the invention is also solved by an arrangement of building modules, comprising a plurality of building modules with functional sections of the type described above and, at one end, a building module in the form of a "balcony module" of the type described above, wherein the length and height of all building modules and the length, width, and height of those building modules that are not "balcony modules" are identical, and wherein the first longitudinal side of a building module is connected to the second longitudinal side of an immediately adjacent building module. Such an arrangement thus forms a complete residential unit, including a balcony, as already mentioned above. With regard to the aforementioned arrangements, the following also applies: As is well known, fire protection and noise control are very important aspects in building construction. In this respect, the treatment of the butt joints between two adjacent or touching building modules is significant. For example, the floor sections of the building modules can be fitted with a first layer of gypsum fiberboard and impact sound insulation at the factory. Similarly, the ceiling sections can receive a first layer of gypsum plasterboard, including the substructure for suspended ceilings, at the factory. After the building modules have been assembled on the construction site, the butt joints in the interior can be sealed with a second layer of gypsum fiberboard, thus fulfilling the fire protection requirements.Linoleum, for example, can then be laid on the floor sections, and in the area of ​​the ceiling section a suspended ceiling can be used to accommodate the electrical lines, for example for integrated ceiling spotlights. An advantageous aspect of the invention is that the aforementioned arrangements are mounted on top of an existing building. Thus, the building module arrangements according to the invention offer the possibility of easily creating additional living space. This is possible due to the completely self-contained construction of the arrangements, which consist of the individual standardized building modules. However, it is also fundamentally possible to use the aforementioned arrangements for the construction of new residential units, i.e., not to mount them on top of an existing building. The extension process can even be designed so that the residents of the existing building can remain there during the construction phase. After scaffolding is erected around the existing building, the existing roof tiles are removed and the knee wall is taken away, exposing the ceiling tiles of the top-floor apartments. A temporary seal typically protects the existing building from the ingress of, for example, moisture during the assembly phase. In the stairwell areas, the ceiling tiles are removed to ensure access to the new floors created by the arrangements according to the invention. The building modules are placed directly onto the prepared surface and connected to each other, for example, using nail plates. Typically, a two-story extension can be planned; in such a case, building modules are not only arranged side by side but also stacked on top of each other.This may involve a structural break in the area of ​​existing stairwells. In such cases, these areas are not built over with the standardized building modules, but remain open as atriums and are developed, for example, as two-story meeting spaces. A significant logistical advantage of this system arises from the high degree of prefabrication of the building modules: Since almost all time-consuming finishing and installation work has already been completed at the factory, the necessary site area can be reduced to an absolute minimum. The logistical requirements are essentially limited to the scaffolding area and the delivery zones for the building modules. An advantageous aspect of the invention is that the existing building is a WBS 70 industrial housing type. This housing type was extremely common in the former GDR. Adding stories to such existing buildings therefore represents enormous potential for the cost-effective and rapid creation of new living space. Consequently, a building module of the arrangement is typically based on a footprint with a width of 2 m, a length of 6 m (alternatively 3.60 m), and a total height of 3.15 m, matching the grid dimensions of the WBS 70 housing type. The total height of 3.15 m results from the need to utilize the loading height of standard semi-low loaders. An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that a thermal envelope is mounted on a free outer surface of the arrangement. For example, after the building modules have been fully assembled and their structural support secured, a design-specific facade can be mounted externally as an independent thermal envelope onto the outer surfaces of the building modules. This is easily possible due to the inherent structural stability of the building modules, and the independent thermal envelope also allows for the fulfillment of high thermal insulation requirements. Further advantages, features, and details will become apparent from the following description, in which various embodiments of the invention are illustrated with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and the description can each be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. Fig. 1 shows an existing building during a first process step for adding a story by means of an arrangement of building modules; Fig. 2 shows the existing building of Fig. 1 during a second process step; Fig. 3 shows the existing building of Fig. 1 during a third process step; Fig. 4 shows the existing building of Fig. 1 during a fourth process step; Fig. 5 shows the existing building of Fig. 1 after completion of the addition of a story; Fig.Fig. 6 a perspective view of a first embodiment of a "long" building module with a first functional section in the form of a bathroom section with shower and with a second functional section in the form of a closet section; Fig. 7 above a sectional front view of the building module of Fig. 6 and below a sectional top view of the building module of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 left an enlarged view of the first functional section of Fig. 7 and right an enlarged view of the second functional section of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 a perspective view of a second embodiment of a "long" building module with a first functional section in the form of a bathroom section with washbasin and toilet and with a second functional section in the form of an access section; Fig. 10 a view similar to Fig. 7 of the building module of Fig. 9; Fig.Fig. 11 a perspective view of a third embodiment of a “long” building module with a first functional section in the form of a kitchen section with a sink and with a second functional section in the form of a cabinet section; Fig. 12 a view similar to Fig. 7 of the building module of Fig. 11; Fig. 13 a view similar to Fig. 7 of a fourth embodiment of a “long” building module with a first functional section in the form of a kitchen section with a stove and with a second functional section in the form of a cabinet section; Fig. 14 a view similar to Fig. 7 of a fifth embodiment of a “long” building module with a first functional section in the form of a storage room section and with a second functional section in the form of a cabinet section; Fig. 15 a view similar to Fig. 7 of a sixth embodiment of a “long” building module in the form of a “balcony module”; Fig.16 perspective views of a “short” building module with a first functional section in the form of a kitchen section with sink; and Fig. 17 a view similar to Fig. 7 of the “short” building module of Fig. 16 . Subsequently, functionally equivalent elements and areas in different embodiments and in different figures bear the same reference numerals. They are typically only explained in detail upon their first mention. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, not all possible reference numerals are shown in all figures. Figures 1-5 show a perspective view of an existing building 10 of the WBS 70 housing type, which was widespread in the former GDR. In this case, it has five stories and an approximately rectangular cube shape. It comprises two stairwell areas 12A and 12B, each with entrances 14A and 14B. On each floor, residential units 16A-D are arranged on either side of the stairwell area 12A, which is at the rear in the figures (two residential units arranged one behind the other, for example, units 16A and 16B, can also form a single, continuous, "tube-shaped" residential unit). Similarly, on each floor, residential units 16E-H are arranged on either side of the stairwell area 12B, which is at the front in the figures. However, residential units 16G-H are positioned at the front end of the building, rotated 90° relative to the central residential units 16E-F. Figures 1-5 show how the existing building 10 can be extended upwards. First, the existing ceiling slabs 18 and the so-called knee walls 20 are removed (Fig. 1). In the stairwell areas 12A and 12B, the floor slabs 22 are removed (Fig. 2). Next, building modules 24, in the form of rectangular frames that are essentially open on their respective long sides, are successively placed on top of the residential units 16 (Fig. 3), so that these building modules 24 form corresponding tube-like arrangements 26. Air spaces 28 remain free above the stairwell areas 12A and 12B (Fig. 4). Prefabricated staircases 30 are inserted into these spaces, and the air spaces 28 are closed off from the arrangements 26 of the building modules 24 by prefabricated wall sections 32. In this way, two additional stories are added to the existing building 10. These are finally closed off at the top by a roof structure 34 (Fig.5) and receive a thermal envelope 35 on the side. The building modules 24 are configured differently: a first variant is shown in Figures 6-8. The building module 24 shown there is a so-called "long" building module 24, in this example with a width B of 2 m and a length L of 6 m, and a total height H of 3.15 m. It comprises a horizontal floor section 36, a horizontal ceiling section 38, a vertical first side wall section 40 connecting the floor section 36 to the ceiling section 38, and a vertical second side wall section 42 connecting the floor section 36 to the ceiling section 38 and arranged opposite the first side wall section 40. In plan view, the building module 24 has a first longitudinal side 44 and a second longitudinal side 46 opposite it. As can be seen particularly in Figure 6, this gives the building module 24 the overall shape of a rectangular frame 48. The building module 24 has a first vertical support 50, which is located closer to the first side wall section 40 than to the second side wall section 42 in the region of the first longitudinal side 44, but is spaced from the first side wall section 40 by a distance L1 (Fig. 8). The vertical support 50 supports the ceiling section 38 against the floor section 36. The building module 24 also has a second vertical support 52, which is located closer to the first side wall section 40 than to the second side wall section 42 in the region of the second longitudinal side 46, but is also spaced from the first side wall section 40 by a distance L1. The vertical support 52 also supports the ceiling section 38 against the floor section 36. Building module 24 has a pre-installed first functional section 54, located in the area between the first side wall section 40 and the two vertical columns 50 and 52. Within this section, building module 24 has a first longitudinal wall section 56, which extends along the first longitudinal side 44 from the first side wall section 40 to the first vertical column 50 and connects the first side wall section 40, the first vertical column 50, the floor section 36, and the ceiling section 38 in a force-fit and moment-resistant manner. Similarly, building module 24 has a second longitudinal wall section 58, which extends along the second longitudinal side 46 from the first side wall section 40 to the second vertical column 52 and connects the first side wall section 40, the second vertical column 52, the floor section 36, and the ceiling section 38 in a force-fit and moment-resistant manner.The floor section 36, the ceiling section 38, the side wall sections 40 and 42, the vertical supports 50 and 52 and the longitudinal wall sections 56 and 58 are predominantly made of wood. The "long" building module 24 described here also has a third vertical support 60, which is located closer to the second side wall section 42 than to the first side wall section 40 in the area of ​​the first longitudinal side 44, but is spaced from the second side wall section 42 by a distance L2 (Fig. 8). The third vertical support 60 supports the ceiling section 38 against the floor section 36. Furthermore, the building module 24 has a fourth vertical support 62, which is located closer to the second side wall section 42 than to the first side wall section 40 in the area of ​​the second longitudinal side 46, but is also spaced from the second side wall section 42 by a distance L2, and which likewise supports the ceiling section 38 against the floor section 36. The distance L2 between the second side wall section 42 and the third and fourth supports 60 and 62 is smaller than the distance L1 between the first side wall section 40 and the first and second supports 50 and 52.In this example, the distance L1 is 1.10 m, whereas the distance L2 is 0.80 m. In the area of ​​the third and fourth columns 60 and 62, building module 24 has a third longitudinal wall section 64, which extends along the first longitudinal side 44 from the second side wall section 42 to the third vertical column and connects the second side wall section 42, the third vertical column 60, the floor section 36, and the ceiling section 38 in a force-fit and moment-resistant manner. Likewise, a fourth longitudinal wall section 66 is present, which extends along the second longitudinal side 46 from the second side wall section 42 to the fourth vertical column 62 and connects the second side wall section 42, the fourth vertical column 62, the floor section 36, and the ceiling section 38 in a force-fit and moment-resistant manner. The third and fourth columns 60 and 62 and the third and fourth longitudinal wall sections 64 and 66 are also predominantly made of wood.In particular, for example, floor section 36 and ceiling section 38 can each comprise 20 cm thick cross-laminated timber panels, whereas for side wall sections 40 and 42, for example, 12.5 cm thick cross-laminated timber panels can be used. Longitudinal wall sections 56, 58 and 64, 66 can be so-called timber frame walls, the sheathing 67 of which (e.g., Fig. 8) contributes to force-fit and moment-resistant bracing due to its connection with the adjacent sections. The building module 24 also has a pre-installed second functional section 68, which is located in the area between the second side wall section 42 and the two vertical third and fourth supports 60 and 62. In this example, the first functional section 54 is a bathroom section 70 with a shower 72, and the second functional section 68 is a cupboard section 74. Figures 9 and 10 show another variant of a building module 24. This differs from the building module 24 of Figures 6-8 in that the first functional section 54 is a bathroom section 70 with a washbasin 76 and a toilet 78, and that the second functional section 68 comprises only a comparatively small cupboard section 74 and instead additionally an access section 80 with an access door 82. In Figures 1-5, this leads to the airspace 28 or to the staircase 30. Figures 11 and 12 show yet another variant of a building module 24. This differs from the building module 24 of Figures 6-8 in that the first functional section 54 is a kitchen section 84 with a sink 86. Figure 13 shows yet another variant of a building module 24. This differs from the building module 24 of Figures 11 and 12 in that the first functional section 54 is a kitchen section 84 with a stove 88. Figure 14 shows yet another variant of a building module 24. This differs from the building module 24 of Figure 13 in that the first functional section 54 is a storage room section 90. In embodiments not shown, the first functional section comprises a cabinet section and / or a shelf section. Figure 15 shows yet another variant of a building module 24. This variant has only a first support 50 and a second support 60 in the area of ​​the first longitudinal side 44, but no further vertical supports (the second support 60 corresponds functionally and spatially to the third support 60 of the building modules in Figures 6-14). Accordingly, the building module 24 also has only a first longitudinal wall section 56 and a second longitudinal wall section 64, also in the area of ​​the first longitudinal side 44 (the second longitudinal wall section 64 corresponds functionally and spatially to the third longitudinal wall section 64 of the building modules in Figures 6-14). In the area of ​​the second longitudinal side 46, the building module 24 of Fig. 15 is free of supports or longitudinal wall sections, and accordingly, no functional sections are provided in the building module 24 of Fig. 15. This allows, for example, a balcony railing or glazing 92 (Fig. 5) to be pre-attached in the area of ​​the second longitudinal side 46, extending at least substantially from the first side wall section 40 to the second side wall section 42. The building module 24 shown in Fig. 15 is thus a "balcony module". In the area of ​​the first longitudinal side 44, the building module 24 of Fig. 15 can have an operable glazing (not shown), which can be subsequently attached there between the supports 50 and 60 or – preferably – pre-assembled at the manufacturer's factory, and which extends at least substantially from the first vertical support 50 to the – in this case – second vertical support 60.It can be seen that the width B of the building module 24 in Fig. 15 is less than the width B of the building modules 24 described in Figs. 6-14. The arrangements 26 of building modules 24 shown in Figures 3-4 are formed by connecting a first longitudinal side 44 of one building module 24 to a second longitudinal side 46 of an immediately adjacent building module 24, using typical and well-known connection techniques. For example, adjacent building modules 24 can be screwed together. Furthermore, it can be seen that the arrangements 26 of building modules 24 in this example comprise six building modules 24, which are identical with respect to their length L, width B, and height H. The end building module 24, designed as a "balcony module" (Figure 15), is identical to the other building modules 24 with respect to length L and height H, but is smaller only with respect to its width B. In other words, the depth of the balcony is less than the depth of the other building modules. Figures 16-17 show an example of an alternative "short" building module, which, in this example, has a length L of only 3.60 m. In this module, the second functional section as well as the third and fourth supports are omitted. The remaining first functional section 54 can, for example, be one of the following: bathroom section with shower; bathroom section with washbasin; toilet section; bathroom section with washbasin and toilet; kitchen section with sink; kitchen section with stove; storage room section; cupboard section; shelf section. In this example, it is a kitchen section 84 with sink 86.

Claims

Building module (24) for the production of a residential unit (16), comprising a floor section (36), a ceiling section (38), a first side wall section (40) connecting the floor section (36) with the ceiling section (38) and a second side wall section (42) connecting the floor section (36) with the ceiling section (38) and arranged opposite the first side wall section (40), wherein the building module (24) has a first longitudinal side (44) and a second longitudinal side (44) opposite it in plan view, and wherein the building module (24) has the overall shape of a rectangular frame (48) that is substantially open on both longitudinal sides. Building module (24) according to claim 1, wherein: - it has a first vertical support (50) which is arranged in the region of the first longitudinal side (44) closer to the first side wall section (40) than to the second side wall section (42), but spaced apart from the first side wall section (40) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36); - it has a second vertical support (52) which is arranged in the region of the second longitudinal side (46) closer to the first side wall section (40) than to the second side wall section (42), but spaced apart from the first side wall section (40) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36); - it has a preferably pre-installed first functional section (54) which is arranged in the region between the first side wall section (40) and the two first and second vertical supports (50, 52); - it has a first longitudinal wall section (56).which extends along the first longitudinal side (44) from the first side wall section (40) to the first vertical support (50) and connects the first side wall section (40), the first vertical support (50), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38); - it has a second longitudinal wall section (58) which extends along the second longitudinal side (46) from the first side wall section (40) to the second vertical support (52) and connects the first side wall section (40), the second vertical support (52), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38); and - the floor section (36), the ceiling section (38), the side wall sections (40, 42), the vertical supports (50, 52) and the longitudinal wall sections (56, 58) are made at least predominantly of wood. Building module (24) according to claim 2, wherein: - it has a third vertical support (60) which is arranged in the region of the first longitudinal side (44) closer to the second side wall section (42) than to the first side wall section (40), but spaced apart from the second side wall section (42) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36); - it has a fourth vertical support (62) which is arranged in the region of the second longitudinal side (46) closer to the second side wall section (42) than to the first side wall section (40), but spaced apart from the second side wall section (42) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36); - it has a preferably pre-installed second functional section (68) which is arranged in the region between the second side wall section (42) and the two third and fourth vertical supports (60, 62); - it has a third longitudinal wall section (64).which extends along the first longitudinal side (44) from the second side wall section (42) to the third vertical support (60) and connects the second side wall section (42), the third vertical support (60), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38), - it has a fourth longitudinal wall section (66) which extends along the second longitudinal side (46) from the second side wall section (42) to the fourth vertical support (62) and connects the second side wall section (42), the fourth vertical support (62), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38), - wherein the third and fourth vertical supports (60, 62) and the third and fourth longitudinal wall sections (64, 66)) are made at least predominantly of wood. Building module (24) according to claim 3, wherein a distance (L1) seen parallel to the longitudinal sides (44, 46) between the second side wall section (42) and the third and fourth supports (50, 62) is smaller than a distance (L2) seen parallel to the longitudinal sides (44, 46) between the first side wall section (40) and the first and second supports (50, 52). Building module (24) according to one of the preceding claims 2-4, wherein the first functional section (54) is one of the following group: bathroom section (70) with shower (72); bathroom section (70) with washbasin (76); toilet section; bathroom section (70) with washbasin (76) and toilet (78); kitchen section (84) with sink (86); kitchen section (84) with stove (88); storage room section; cupboard section; shelf section. Building module (24) according to one of the preceding claims 3 - 5, wherein the second functional section (68) is one of the following group: cabinet section (74); shelf section; access section (80). Arrangement (26) of building modules (24), comprising a plurality of building modules (24) according to at least one of the preceding claims, the length (L) and height (H) of which are identical, wherein a first longitudinal side (44) of a building module (24) is connected to a second longitudinal side (46) of an adjacent building module (24). Building module (24) according to claim 1, wherein: - it has a first vertical support (50) which is arranged in the region of the first longitudinal side (44) closer to the first side wall section (40) than to the second side wall section (42), but spaced apart from the first side wall section (40) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36); - it has a first longitudinal wall section (56) which extends on the first longitudinal side (44) from the first side wall section (40) to the first vertical support (50) and which connects the first side wall section (40), the first vertical support (50), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38); - it is free of supports or longitudinal wall sections in the region of the second longitudinal side (46), such that a balcony railing or glazing (92) can be attached or pre-attached in the region of the second longitudinal side (46).which extends at least substantially from the first side wall section (40) to the second side wall section (42), and wherein the floor section (36), the ceiling section (38), the side wall sections (40, 42), the vertical support (50) and the longitudinal wall section (56) are made at least predominantly of wood. Building module (24) according to claim 8, wherein it has a second vertical support (60) which is arranged in the region of the first longitudinal side (44) closer to the second side wall section (42) than to the first side wall section (40), but spaced apart from the second side wall section (42) and which supports the ceiling section (38) on the floor section (36), and wherein it has a second longitudinal wall section (64) which extends on the first longitudinal side (44) from the second side wall section (42) to the second vertical support (60) and which connects the second side wall section (42), the second vertical support (60), the floor section (36) and the ceiling section (38). Building module (24) according to one of the preceding claims 8 or 9, wherein an openable glazing can be attached or pre-attached in the area of ​​the first longitudinal side (44), which extends at least substantially from the first vertical support (50) to the second side wall section (42) or to the second support (60). Building module (24) according to one of the preceding claims 1 - 6 or 8 - 10, wherein the floor section (36), the ceiling section (38) and the side wall sections (40, 42) each comprise solid cross-laminated timber panels, in particular are made at least substantially of such panels, and that existing longitudinal wall sections (56, 58, 64, 66) are formed by timber frame walls. Arrangement (26) of building modules (24), comprising a plurality of building modules (24) according to one of claims 2-6 and a building module (24) according to one of claims 8-10 at the end, wherein the length (L), width (B) and height (H) of the building modules (24) according to one of claims 2-6 are identical, and wherein the first longitudinal side (44) of a building module (24) is connected to the second longitudinal side (46) of an adjacent building module (24). Arrangement (26) of building modules (24) according to one of claims 7 or 12, wherein it is placed on top of an existing building (10). Arrangement (26) of building modules (24) according to claim 13, wherein the existing building (10) is a building of the industrial housing type WBS 70. Arrangement (26) of building modules (24) according to one of claims 13 or 14, wherein a thermal envelope is mounted on an outside of the arrangement (26).

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