Fastening arrangement, use of a device and method for fastening a building body in an opening bounded by a support surface

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a fastening arrangement and a use of a device for fastening a building structure with respect to a building opening delimited by a support surface.

[0002] The present invention further relates to a method for fastening a building structure with a device.

[0003] It is known to fix building structures in an opening using a fastening element and a support element that is to be fixed opposite a building opening. To date, for this purpose, the fastening element is first guided through aligned holes in the building structure and the support element in order to create a force-locking connection between the building structure and the support element. The support element is then fixed opposite the building opening to a support surface that borders the opening. A disadvantage here is that fixing the building structure relative to the support element using the fastening element requires a high degree of precision with regard to the aligned arrangement of the holes in the building structure and the support element. A device of this type for fixing a building structure is known, for example, from DE 20 2006 014 335 U1.

[0004] EP 1 626 147 A1 shows, in Figures 20a) and 20b), a fastening device designed as a sleeve that can be inserted into a bore in a component such as a window. A fastener is screwed through the component and the sleeve into a holder, thus creating a force-locking connection.

[0005] DE 198 30 682 A1 describes a fastening element for window or door frames in a wall opening. The fastening element comprises a wall anchor, a frame bushing, a screw with a screw head that engages the wall anchor and the frame bushing, and a flexible element between the wall anchor and the frame bushing, called a spacer.

[0006] EP 0 196 485 A1 describes a device for fastening a component in a wall opening, comprising a sleeve-shaped element that can be inserted into the interior of the component and rests against the wall with an outer end. An anchoring screw belonging to the device can be fixed in the wall through the sleeve-shaped element.

[0007] DE 196 16 533 C2 and DE 299 08 054 U1 describe adjusting devices for a building element that can be used at a building opening, with a clamping sleeve that is in contact with the boundary of the building opening and is adjustable relative to the building element, and a threadless bolt that can be screwed or driven through the clamping sleeve into the boundary of the building opening.

[0008] DE 34 00 279 A1 describes an adjustment device comprising a holding part, a dowel, and a connecting screw. The holding part has an undercut for engaging a screw head. After the screw head engages behind the undercut, a structural element can be adjusted by turning the screw.

[0009] DE 35 23 505 A1 describes an adjustment device with a threaded bushing and a centering sleeve, with the threaded bushing inserted into the centering sleeve. A fixed structure can be adjusted using a stud screw with retaining claws.

[0010] DE 200 03 819 U1 describes a device for adjusting a building structure relative to a wall opening. An adjustment element is mounted on a profile rail and can rotate freely. The adjustment of the building structure is achieved through the interaction of the adjustment element with an unspecified centering dowel located in the building structure.

[0011] DE 101 49 058 A1 describes a fastening device for a building structure in a wall opening with an anchor bracket which comprises a support leg and a fastening leg.

[0012] DE 100 26 608 A1 describes a fastening device for a building structure in a wall opening, comprising a retaining plate that can be fixed to a slotted hole at the edge of the wall opening. A guide bolt located on the plate is inserted into a self-tightening guide anchor located in the building structure. The self-tightening guide anchor is secured to the building structure by a screw.

[0013] DE 20 2006 002 876 U1 describes a device for adjusting a building structure relative to a wall opening, comprising a support plate and a bolt arranged on the support plate. The plate is connected to the wall by fastening elements that pass through the plate. The bolt is locked by a threaded pin in a sleeve that is fixed to the building structure.

[0014] CH 660 774 A5 describes a spacer screw which allows adjustment of a structure to be fastened through the interaction of several threads with different pitches.

[0015] DE 102 56 397 A1 describes a dowel system for fixing and aligning a building structure to be fastened.

[0016] The document NL 2001524C2 describes a combination of mounting screw and mounting bushing for fastening profile elements in a building opening.

[0017] The document WO 2012 / 015342 describes attachments such as hinges or bands for doors and windows with reinforcement elements on the frame components.

[0018] The utility model DE 296 19 703 U1 shows an assembly kit for fastening a window or door frame made of hollow profiles in a building opening.

[0019] The document DE 297 03 822 U1 shows a wall adapter that features a sheet metal body with a screw body. A fastener is screwed through the profile into the screw body and transfers the loads via the sheet metal body into the masonry.

[0020] The present invention is based on the object of simplifying the fastening of a building structure with respect to an opening delimited by a support surface.

[0021] This problem is solved by the features of the independent claims.

[0022] Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

[0023] The guide element is designed to be provided with a through-hole along its longitudinal axis. This through-hole facilitates the precise connection of the structure to the spacer element using the fastening element.

[0024] It is further provided that the spacer element is dimensioned such that a fixing element, which is used to attach the spacer element to the support surface, can be positioned at a safe distance from an edge. By attaching the spacer element to the support surface, the structure can ultimately be fixed in the opening by the device.

[0025] It can be provided that the through hole extends into the spacer element.

[0026] In this context, the fixing element may comprise a screw and / or a nail and / or a dowel and / or a rod dowel, or a spike. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable for the fixing element to comprise an adhesive for attaching the spacer element to the support surface.

[0027] Usefully, the fastening element can be a screw or a self-tapping screw. A screw or a self-tapping screw can be used in a simple manner to create the force-locking connection between the spacer element and the structural element, with a thread on the screw or self-tapping screw used facilitating fine adjustment of the structural element's position in the opening. A screw used can, for example, be a thread former or a thread groover. In contrast to self-tapping screws, the thread is not cut from the material during thread forming or thread groove cutting, but rather "pressed in" by the special geometry of the tool. In the area of ​​the thread flanks, the material is compacted to such an extent that the resulting thread can withstand extreme static and dynamic loads.

[0028] It can also be provided that the head is arranged at one end of the fastening element, that the head abuts the structural body when the device is mounted, and that an end portion of the fastening element facing away from the head is fixed in the guide part along the longitudinal axis of the guide part (unclaimed embodiment).

[0029] Advantageously, it can also be provided that the guide part can be at least partially removed by at least one cutting and / or shaping element attached to the fastening element and can be at least partially reinforced and / or at least partially replaced by the fastening element (unclaimed embodiment). By at least partially reinforcing and / or at least partially replacing the guide part with the fastening element, the initially provisional relative alignment of the structural body with respect to the spacer element is fixed during pre-assembly of the device, so that the relative alignment of the structural body with respect to the spacer element is permanently maintained even after assembly of the device, and in particular even under the influence of external forces (unclaimed embodiment).

[0030] Alternatively, it can be provided that the guide part can be at least partially drilled out and / or at least partially removed in the installed position and can be at least partially reinforced and / or at least partially replaced by the fastening element. In this way, the initially provisional relative alignment of the structure with respect to the spacer element can be permanently ensured even after the device has been installed.

[0031] Furthermore, the spacer element can comprise a material that reduces thermal bridges. This can improve the insulating effect of the device. Condensation can also be reduced or even prevented with this embodiment. In particular, the spacer element can also be formed entirely from an insulating, i.e., thermal bridge-reducing, material. Such a thermal bridge-reducing material can be, for example, a plastic.

[0032] Usefully, it is intended that the structure is part of a window or door and that the opening is a building opening.

[0033] In this context, it may be provided that the building structure is installed entirely within the opening.

[0034] In this context, it may also be provided that the building structure protrudes at least partially outwards and / or inwards from the opening.

[0035] Independently of this, the spacer element can also be designed to partially protrude outward and / or inward beyond the opening. This can, for example, facilitate the positioning of the spacer element using protruding "tabs" that can simply rest against an edge of the limited opening and prevent the positioned spacer element from slipping while it is being fixed to the support surface.

[0036] Advantageously, a sealing tape and / or sealing foil can be applied between the building structure and the opening. This allows cavities that are inaccessible to insulation materials subsequently inserted into the space between the building structure and the supporting surface to be reduced and / or sealed or filled.

[0037] It can be provided that the spacer element has a shape that can be sealed by means of a sealing tape and / or a sealing film. The spacer element, in particular a surface of the spacer element facing the support surface after assembly of the device, can have a special shape, for example, to improve the sealing effect of a sealing tape and / or a sealing film arranged between the spacer element and the support surface. For example, the surface facing the support surface can have fine grooves or ridges that define lines at which the sealing effect of the sealing tape and / or the sealing film is improved by increased contact pressure after assembly due to the small surface area.

[0038] Furthermore, the spacer element can be provided with a chamfer and / or a rounded portion and / or a radius and / or a wave-shaped double radius on an upper side with an outer radius that, after assembly of the device, points tangentially to the support surface. This facilitates a void-free filling of the space remaining between the structure and the support surface.

[0039] According to the invention, the spacer element has at least one reinforcing rib on its upper side, which extends over at least half the length of the upper side. In this way, deformation of the spacer element during force transmission from the structural element to the support surface can be prevented, thus preventing the formation of a gap in a filling between the structural element and the support surface.

[0040] Advantageously, the transition between the reinforcement rib and the upper surface can be provided with large radii (not claimed embodiment). This creates a smooth transition between the upper surface and the reinforcement rib, so that the formation of cavities can be easily avoided when inserting a filling or seal into the remaining space between the structure and the supporting surface.

[0041] Usefully, the spacer element can also be provided with a rough, plaster-adhering surface structure on at least part of its upper side. This plaster-adhering surface structure can improve the stability of the mass that at least partially fills the gap between the building structure and the supporting surface.

[0042] The device for fastening a structural element with respect to an opening delimited by a support surface, comprising at least one spacer element attachable to the support surface and a fastening element provided with a head, can also be improved according to the invention in an alternative embodiment in that the spacer element has a hole-free region through which the fastening element is intended to be at least partially penetrated in order to establish a force-locking connection between the spacer element and the structural element. This also eliminates the need for complex alignment between the structural element and the spacer element during assembly of the device.The hole in the spacer element required to accommodate the fastening element is only created during the insertion of the fastening element, or shortly before the insertion of the fastening element if the structure is already pre-assembled and the spacer element is in place. The hole-free area replaces the guide element. Otherwise, the spacer element remains unchanged compared to the other described spacer element designs.

[0043] In particular, it can be provided that the geometry and the materials of the fastening element and the hole-free area of ​​the spacer element are coordinated with one another in such a way that the fastening element can at least partially pass through the previously hole-free area of ​​the spacer element while cutting the thread.

[0044] The method according to the invention according to independent claim 21 comprises at least the following steps Step 1: The guide element is inserted into the opening in the building structure and positioned. Step 2: The spacer element is secured to the support surface with at least one fixing element. Step 3: The fastening element is inserted into the guide element, with the guide element being at least partially replaced and / or reinforced by the fastening element.

[0045] In this way, the advantages and special features of the device according to the invention are also applied within the framework of a method.

[0046] Usefully, Step 1 may further include: Three-dimensional alignment of the structure relative to the opening. Vertical loads of the structure are transferred by blocking the opening and temporarily holding the structure in an assembly position.

[0047] Advantageously, step 2 may further include: Positioning the spacer element on the support surface. Attaching the spacer element at a safe distance from the edge of an outer plane of the opening to the support surface with at least one fixing element, in particular through a hole in the spacer element.

[0048] Regardless, step 3 may still include: Drill a hole through the structure using a drill bit matched to the material of the support surface defining the opening, into the guide piece, up to the spacer element, and, if necessary, through the support surface of the opening. Insert the fastener through the drilled hole. Fix the position of the structure after fine adjustment.

[0049] An alternative method for assembling an embodiment of the device described above may include at least the following steps (unclaimed embodiment): Step 1: Position the spacer and the structure in the opening. Step 2: Drill a hole through the structure and the spacer using a drill bit matched to the material of the support surface bordering the opening, or use a self-drilling screw. Step 3: Insert the fastener through the drilled hole to secure the structure in the installation position.

[0050] The invention will now be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments.

[0051] They show: Figure 1 shows a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of a spacer element in a pre-assembled state; Figure 1a shows a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of a spacer element in a pre-assembled state; Figure 1b shows a partial sectional view of a third embodiment of a spacer element in a pre-assembled state; Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view of the first embodiment of the spacer element with a mounted fastening element; Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in an assembled state; Figure 4 shows a further partial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a spacer element in a pre-assembled state; Figure 5 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the spacer element with a mounted fastening element; Figure 5a shows a detailed view of the head of the fastening element from Figure 5; Figure 5b shows a detailed view of a head of an alternative fastening element; Figure 5c shows a detailed view of a head of a further alternative fastening element; Figure 6 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state; Figure 7 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state; Figure 8 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state at a later time; Figure 9 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device in the pre-assembled state; Figure 10 shows a sectional view of the second embodiment of a device in the assembled state; Figure 11 shows a structural body in an opening in an at least partially assembled state; Figure 11a shows a detailed view of a spacer element fixed to a support surface in the form of a sectional image;Figure 11b shows a detailed view of a device in the assembled state in the form of a sectional view; Figure 11c shows a detailed view of the lower area of ​​the device shown in; Figure 11 illustrated opening in the form of a sectional view; Figure 12 shows a first profile section through a spacer element; Figure 13 shows a second profile section through a spacer element; Figure 14 shows a third profile section through a spacer element; and Figure 15 shows a flow diagram of a method according to the invention.

[0052] In the following drawings, like reference symbols designate like or similar parts.

[0053] Figure 1 shows a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of a spacer element in pre-assembled state. Figure 1 shows in particular a cross section through a spacer element 14 and a structure 16 pre-assembled on the spacer element 14. The spacer element 14, which in Figure 1is partially shown, rests on a support surface 12. On an upper side 46 of the spacer element 14 opposite the support surface 12, a reinforcing rib 58 can be seen, which serves to mechanically stiffen the spacer element 14. On the upper side 46 of the spacer element 14, a guide part 22 is also arranged, that is to say formed thereon, which extends along a longitudinal axis 26. The longitudinal axis 26 can in particular be perpendicular to the upper side 46. The guide part 22 can have a through-bore 30, which is also arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 in the interior of the guide part 22. The lower end of the through-bore 30 can, as required, extend down to the support surface 12 through the spacer element 14 or, as in Figure 1 shown, end before.

[0054] In the Figure 1In the pre-assembled state of the spacer element 14 shown, the guide part 22 is already guided into a passage 24 in the structure 16. The structure 16 can, for example, as in Figure 1 shown, have a hollow profile which is rectangular in section, wherein the passage 24 comprises two aligned openings in the structure 16. As shown in Figure 1 As shown, the opening of the passage 24 in the structural body 16 facing the spacer element 14 for receiving the guide part 22 can have a larger diameter than the opening of the passage 24 arranged on the side of the structural body 16 facing away from the spacer element 14.

[0055] The spacer element 14 can, as indicated by the hatching, be homogeneously formed from a single material. The material can, in particular, be a thermally insulating material, for example, a corresponding thermally insulating plastic. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the spacer element 14 to be only partially formed from a thermally insulating material. For example, only a thin layer of the spacer element 14, which rests against the support surface 12, can be formed from a thermally insulating material, while the remaining components of the spacer element 14 are made from a metallic material to improve the mechanical stability of the spacer element 14.

[0056] The support surface 12 is limited by an edge 66. In the Figure 1 In the position of the building body 16 shown, the building body 16 lies completely within an opening delimited by the support surface 12.

[0057] Figure 1ashows a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of a spacer element in pre-assembled condition. Figure 1a The second embodiment of a spacer element shown corresponds in many respects to that shown in Figure 1 already known first embodiment of a spacer element. However, in the case of Figure 1a In the second embodiment shown, the through-bore 30 has a diameter that is significantly reduced compared to the first embodiment. In this way, with the same outer diameter of the guide part 22, the mechanical stability of the guide part 22 can be increased prior to reinforcement by a Figure 1aA fastening element (not shown) can be increased. Furthermore, the reduced diameter of the through-bore 30 allows a variable selection of the diameter of the fastening element (not shown), for example a screw, wherein, when inserting the fastening element into the guide part 22, for example, an internal thread can be cut into the guide part 22 through the fastening element.

[0058] Figure 1b shows a partial sectional view of a third embodiment of a spacer element in pre-assembled condition. Figure 1b The third embodiment of a spacer element shown differs from the ones shown in the Figure 1a and 1illustrated previous embodiments of a spacer element by a centering 28, which replaces the through-hole 30 present in the previous embodiments of the spacer element. The simultaneous provision of the centering 28 and the through-hole 30 is possible, for example, if the through-hole 30 has a smaller diameter than the centering 28. By means of the centering 28, the diameter of the fastening element (not shown) that can be mounted to the spacer element 14 for fixing the structure 16 can be variably selected, since a hollow in the guide part 22 for receiving the fastening element is only produced with a precise fit during or shortly before the insertion of the fastening element into the guide part 22. Furthermore, in the Figure 1b illustrated third embodiment of a spacer element, the mechanical stability of the guide part 22 compared to the Figure 1aknown second embodiment of the spacer element is increased again. Figure 1b In the third embodiment shown, it can be seen that the spacer element 12 protrudes beyond the edge 66 from the opening defined by the support surface 12. Likewise, the structural body 16 also protrudes beyond the edge 66. It is also possible for the spacer element 12 to protrude beyond the edge 66 and for the structural body 16 to lie entirely within the opening defined by the support surface 12. Furthermore, the spacer element 12 can also include "tabs" (not shown) that engage around the edge 66, thus simplifying its positioning during the fixation of the spacer element 12.

[0059] Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view of the first embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastening element. Figure 2The fastening element 20 shown comprises a head 18 and is designed as a simple screw with a thread. Figure 2 In the assembled state of the fastening element 20 shown, the head 18 of the fastening element 20 abuts the structural body 16. The fastening element 20 is furthermore connected to the spacer element 14 in a force-locking manner via the guide part 22, so that the structural body 16 is also connected to the spacer element 14 in a force-locking manner. In particular, the fastening element 20 is connected to the guide part 22 and / or the spacer element 14 in a force-locking manner via an end section 32. Since the spacer element 14 is furthermore connected to the support surface 12 in a force-locking manner, which in Figure 2Not shown, the structural body 16 is fixed in this way relative to the support surface 12. When inserted into the guide part 22, the fastening element 20 can cut an internal thread into the guide part 22 or engage in an existing thread in order to be able to transmit forces parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 from the structural body 16 to the support surface 12.

[0060] Figure 3 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in the assembled state. Figure 3 The device 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 shows, in addition to the Figure 2 known details also a fixing element 38, which is used to fasten the spacer element 14 to the support surface 12. In addition, Figure 3 It can be seen that the fixing element 38 is arranged at a safety distance 68 from the edge 66. Furthermore, Figure 3It can be seen that the structural body 16 projects at least partially beyond the edge 66 and thus partially projects or protrudes from an opening defined by the support surface 12.

[0061] The fixing element 38 is in the Figure 3 In the embodiment of the device 10 shown, the fixing element 38 is arranged in an elongated hole provided in the spacer element 14. Further fixing elements 38 can be provided in this and all other embodiments of the device 10. Accordingly, the fixing element 38 can also comprise a plurality of screws, etc. In addition to or instead of screws, the fixing element 38 can also comprise adhesive in this and the other embodiments of the device 10.

[0062] Figure 4 shows a further partial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state. Figure 4The further embodiment of a spacer element 14 shown is similar to that shown in Figure 1aknown second embodiment, however, wherein the outer diameter of the guide part 22 has at most the same diameter as the opening of the passage 24 located on the side of the structural body facing away from the spacer element 14. In particular, the passage 24 can comprise two openings which have the same diameter. The fastening element 20, partially shown above the passage 24, is first inserted in a rotating manner along the longitudinal axis 26 into the passage 24 in the structural body 16. Due to the coordinated diameters of the fastening element 20 and the guide part 22, when the fastening element 20 is screwed in, the guide part 22 is removed and / or replaced by a cutting and / or shaping element 34 arranged on the fastening element 20.The fastening element 20 may have the cutting and / or forming element 34 at its end facing away from the head 18. The cutting and / or forming element 34 may be suitable for removing and / or hollowing out the guide part 22.

[0063] Figure 5 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastening element. In Figure 5The final state is shown in which the fastening element 20 has completely passed through the passage 24 in the structural body 16 and finally abuts the structural body 16 with the head 18. An end section 32 of the fastening element 20 opposite the head 18 is force-fitted to the spacer element 14. As the fastening element 20 is screwed through the structural body 16, the fastening element 20 wears away the guide part 22 in this embodiment of the spacer element 14 until the fastening element 20 finally completely replaces the guide part 22, at least within the structural body 16.

[0064] Figure 5a shows a detailed view of the head of the fastener from Figure 5 . The Figure 5a The head 18 of the fastening element 20 shown in FIG. 1 abuts against the passage 24 on the fixed structure 16. As can be seen from Figure 5aAs can be seen, the fastening element 20 comprises a simple thread with a defined pitch.

[0065] Figure 5b shows a detailed view of the head of an alternative fastener. Figure 5b The alternative fastening element 20 shown comprises, in the area adjacent to the head 18, retaining elements instead of a thread, which can clamp the fastening element 20 to the openings of the passage 24 of the structure 16.

[0066] Figure 5c shows a detailed view of the head of another alternative fastener. Figure 5c The further alternative fastening element 20 shown is locked in the position shown by the retaining elements provided. As the Figures 5b and 5c can be seen, by turning the fastening element 20 neither the alternative fastening element 20 according to Figure 5b nor the further alternative fastening element 20 according to Figure 5c be removed from the passage 24. If the fastening element 20 also has a simple thread in a lower area (not shown), a fine adjustment of the structural body 16 can be achieved by turning the fastening element 20 by adjusting the distance along the longitudinal axis 26 between the structural body 16 and the spacer element 14.

[0067] Figure 6 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state. Figure 6 The fourth embodiment of the spacer element shown corresponds to that shown in Figure 4 known embodiment of the spacer element.

[0068] Figure 7 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state. Figure 7In the pre-assembled state shown, a drill 70 is already partially shown, which will soon be moved through the passage 24 in the structure 16 in the direction of the spacer element 14.

[0069] Figure 8 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the pre-assembled state at a later time. In Figure 8 The final position of the drill 70 is shown, in which the drill 70 has drilled through the structure 16 and the spacer element 14 into the support surface 12. Analogous to the Figure 4 and 5 In this embodiment, the guide part 22 can be completely removed by the drill 70 and later replaced with a fastener that is inserted. If the outer diameter of the guide part 22 is selected to be larger, it is also possible to reinforce the guide part 22 instead of replacing it.

[0070] Figure 9shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device in the pre-assembled state. Figure 9 The second embodiment of a device shown corresponds essentially to that shown in Figure 8 already known and only partially shown pre-assembled state. However, instead of the Figure 8 still visible drill 70, only a resulting, i.e. a generated, bore 72 is visible, which projects flush with the passage 24 through the spacer element 14 into the support surface 12. As Figure 10 As can be seen, the bore 72 for the force-locking coupling of the structure 16 to the spacer element 14 is made using the Figure 10 shown fastening element 20. Figure 10 accordingly shows a sectional view of the second embodiment of the device in the assembled state.

[0071] Figure 11shows a building structure in an opening in at least partially assembled condition. Figure 11 The structure 16 shown is clearly part of a window. Alternatively and in Figure 11 Not shown, the structure 16 can also be part of a door, for example. The structure 16 is, as shown in Figure 11 shown, arranged in an opening 40, which may be provided, for example, in a building wall 74 and which is delimited by the support surface 12. Arranged around the edge of the opening 40 are devices 10 for fixing the building structure 16 in the opening 40, the number of which may vary depending on requirements / regulations.

[0072] Figure 11a shows a detailed view of a spacer element fixed to a support surface in the form of a sectional view. The sectional view shown corresponds to the Figure 11The area marked with A. The fixing element 38, which serves to fix the spacer element 14 to the support surface 12, is easily visible. Reinforcing ribs 58, which mechanically stiffen the spacer element 14, are also visible. A sealing strip 42 is also visible between the spacer element 14 and the support surface 12, thereby providing additional sealing between the spacer element 14 and the support surface 12.

[0073] Figure 11b shows a detailed view of a device in the assembled state in the form of a sectional view. Figure 11b The sectional view shown corresponds to the one in Figure 11 area marked with B. In the area shown, the structural body 16 and the fastening element 20, which extends through the structural body 16 and the spacer element 14 into the support surface 12, can be seen in particular.

[0074] Figure 11c shows a detailed view of the lower part of the Figure 11The opening shown in the form of a sectional view. In addition to two cutaway devices 10 for securing the structural element 16 in the opening 40, blocks 36 are visible, which serve to secure the structural element 16 in the pre-assembled position. With the help of the blocks 36, vertical loads of the structural element 16 are transferred into the opening 40 and the structural element 16 is held in the assembly position.

[0075] Figure 12 shows a first profile section through a spacer element. Figure 12 The first profile section shown shows a rounding 50 in the edge area of ​​the spacer element 14. The rounding 50 can also be understood as a radius.

[0076] Figure 13 shows a second profile section through a spacer element. Figure 13 The second profile section shown shows a chamfer 48 in an edge area of ​​the spacer element 14.

[0077] Figure 14 shows a third profile section through a spacer element. Figure 14The fourth profile section shown shows in an edge region of the spacer element 14 a double radius 54 with an outer radius 56, which is arranged such that the edge regions of the spacer element 14 merge almost parallel into the support surface when the spacer element 14 is mounted or positioned.

[0078] Figure 15 shows a flowchart of a method according to the invention. The illustrated method 100 begins with step 1, while steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the structural body 16 is completely secured in the opening 40 with the desired / required number of devices 10. List of reference symbols

[0079] 10 Fixture 12 Support surface 14 Spacer element 16 Structure 18 Head 20 Fastening element 22 Guide part 24 Passage 26 Longitudinal axis 28 Centering 30 Through hole 32 End section 34 Cutting and / or forming element 36 Block 38 Fixing element 40 Opening 42 Sealing tape 44 Sealing film 46 Top side 48 Chamfer 50 Rounding 54 Double radius 56 Outer radius 58 Reinforcing rib 66 Edge 68 Safety distance 70 Drill 72 Bore 74 Building wall 100 Method

Claims

1. Use of a device (10) for fastening a component of a window or a door as a building structure (16) in relation to a building opening (40) bounded by a bearing surface (12), wherein the device has a fixing element (38) and at least one spacer element (14) that can be attached to the bearing surface (12) and which has, on an upper side (46) lying opposite the bearing surface (12), a reinforcing rib (58) that serves to mechanically reinforce the spacer element (14), and a fastening element (20) provided with a head (18), wherein the spacer element (14) on the one hand has a guide part (22) which is arranged perpendicularly on its upper side (46) and which is introduced into a passage (24) of the building structure (16) during a pre-assembly of the device (10), and on the other hand the spacer element (14) is fastened to the fixing element (38) on the bearing surface (12), wherein the fixing element (38) is arranged at a safe distance (68) from the edge (66) of the building opening (40), wherein the guide part (22) has a through-bore (30) in a longitudinal axis (26), and that the fastening element (20) is dimensioned such that the fastening element (20) extends in the through-bore (30) after the device (10) has been mounted in the guide part (22), and thus creates a force-locking connection between the spacer element (14) and the building structure (16).

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the through-bore (30) extends into the spacer element (14).

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mounted building structure (16) projects at most partially beyond the edge (66).

4. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fixing element (38) comprises a screw and / or a nail and / or a dowel and / or a bar dowel, or a spike.

5. Use according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fastening element (20) is a screw or a self-tapping screw.

6. Use according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the head (18) is arranged at one end of the fastening element (20), in that the head (18) strikes against the building structure (16) when the device (10) is mounted, and in that an end section (32) of the fastening element (20) facing away from the head (18) is fixed in the guide part (22) along the longitudinal axis (26) of the guide part (22).

7. Use according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide part (22) can be at least partially removed by at least one cutting and / or shaping element (34) attached to the fastening element (20) and can be at least partially reinforced by the fastening element (20).

8. Use according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spacer element (14) comprises a material that reduces thermal bridges.

9. Use according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a sealing tape (42) and / or a sealing film (44) is / are attached between the building structure (16) and the opening (40).

10. Use according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spacer element (14) has, on an upper side (46), at least in part, a rough surface structure which adheres to plaster.

11. Fastening arrangement comprising a component of a window or a door as a building structure (16), a building opening (40) bounded by a bearing surface (12), and a device (10) for fastening the component of the window or door (16) in relation to the building opening (40), wherein the device has a fixing element (38) and at least one spacer element (14) which can be attached to the bearing surface (12) and which has, on an upper side (46) lying opposite the bearing surface (12), a reinforcing rib (58) that serves to mechanically reinforce the spacer element (14), and a fastening element (20) provided with a head (18), wherein the spacer element (14) on the one hand has a guide part (22) which is arranged perpendicularly on its upper side (46) and which is introduced into a passage (24) of the building structure (16) during a pre-assembly of the device (10), and on the other hand the spacer element (14) can be fastened to the fixing element (38) on the bearing surface (12), wherein the fixing element (38) can be arranged at a safe distance (68) from the edge (66) of the building opening, wherein the guide part (22) has a through-bore (30) in a longitudinal axis (26), and that the fastening element (20) is dimensioned such that the fastening element (20) extends in the through-bore (30) after the device (10) has been mounted in the guide part (22), and thus creates a force-locking connection between the spacer element (14) and the building structure (16).

12. Fastening arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the through-bore (30) extends into the spacer element (14).

13. Fastening arrangement according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the mounted building structure (16) projects at most partially beyond the edge (66).

14. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the fixing element (38) comprises a screw and / or a nail and / or a dowel and / or a bar dowel, respectively a spike.

15. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the fastening element (20) is a screw or a self-tapping screw.

16. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the head (18) is arranged at one end of the fastening element (20), in that the head (18) strikes against the building structure (16) when the device (10) is mounted, and in that an end section (32) of the fastening element (20) facing away from the head (18) is fixed in the guide part (22) along the longitudinal axis (26) of the guide part (22).

17. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the guide part (22) can be at least partially removed by at least one cutting and / or shaping element (34) attached to the fastening element (20) and can be at least partially reinforced by the fastening element (20).

18. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the spacer element (14) comprises a material that reduces thermal bridges.

19. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that a sealing tape (42) and / or a sealing film (44) is / are attached between the building structure (16) and the opening (40).

20. Fastening arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the spacer element (14) has, on an upper side (46), at least in part, a rough surface structure which adheres to plaster.

21. Method for mounting a device (10) for fastening a component of a window or a door as a building structure (16) in relation to a building opening (40) bounded by a bearing surface (12), comprising a fixing element (38) and at least one spacer element (14) that can be attached to the bearing surface (12) and has a reinforcing rib (58) on an upper side (46) opposite the bearing surface (12), which serves to mechanically reinforce the spacer element (14), and a fastening element (20) provided with a head (18), wherein the spacer element (14) on the one hand has a guide part (22) which is arranged perpendicularly on its upper side (46) and which can be introduced into a passage (24) in the building structure (16) during pre-assembly of the device (10), and on the other hand the spacer element (14) can be fastened to the fixing element (38) on the bearing surface (12), wherein the fixing element (38) is arranged at a safe distance (68) from the edge (66) of the building opening (40), wherein the guide part (22) has a through-bore (30) in a longitudinal axis (26) and wherein the fastening element (20) is dimensioned such that the fastening element (20) extends in the through-bore (30) after the device (10) has been mounted in the guide part (22), so as to enable a force-locking connection between the spacer element (14) and the building structure (16), wherein the mounting comprises at least the following steps: Step 1: - The guide part (22) is introduced into the passage (24) of the building structure (16) and brought into the mounting position. Step 2: - The spacer element (14) is fastened to the bearing surface (12) by means of at least one fixing element (38). Step 3: - The fastening element (20) is inserted into the guide part (22), wherein the guide part (22) is at least partially reinforced by the fastening element (20).