BACKLIT COMPONENT

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a backlit component, preferably for a vehicle, in particular preferably for a motor vehicle, and to a method for manufacturing such a component. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] It is common practice in motor vehicles, as well as other vehicles, to incorporate display and lighting elements in the interior or exterior. These elements serve various purposes, such as illuminating the passenger compartment or guiding the perception of occupants and other individuals. For example, backlit decorative elements and trim strips are frequently used to display the vehicle's brand name, such as in the form of a door sill trim, or to create a special effect and attract attention. Operating and control elements are also often equipped with display and lighting elements, which are illuminated via a fiber optic cable from a light source located behind them. This ensures the visibility of the individual controls, especially at night.

[0003] For example, DE 102015120876 A1 discloses a generic backlit component comprising a support layer and a coating layer attached to it. Light-diffusing elements are provided on the front of the coating layer to direct the light emitted laterally from a light source towards the visible side.

[0004] WO 2016 / 193384 A1 discloses a component in which, during manufacturing, a coating layer is injection-molded onto a translucent base layer. A light element located on the back of the base layer allows the coating layer to be illuminated to achieve specific optical effects.

[0005] WO 2019 / 020716 discloses a decorative part for a vehicle, with an integrated printed circuit board on which electronic components, such as light sources, are arranged. The printed circuit board is completely encased in a thermoplastic or thermoset material.

[0006] WO 2018 / 104045 A1 discloses a backlit component in which a transparent or translucent coating extends from the front through openings to the back of a base element. Light emitted from a rear-mounted light source passes through the openings within the coating to the visible side.

[0007] WO 2017 / 121516 A1 discloses the arrangement of a luminaire element within a layer designed as a light guide, through which the emitted light is directed to a decorative element attached to the front, which may have openings or be translucent. The light guide may incorporate light deflection structures to improve the extraction of light from the light guide.

[0008] WO 2011 / 140666 A1 discloses a manufacturing process for a container with an electronic element embedded in the plastic material of the container.

[0009] EP 2 684 744 A1 discloses an embodiment in which a lighting element is integrated into a carrier part of a motor vehicle trim part. The carrier part is covered with a top layer of polyurea or polyurethane.

[0010] EP 2 322 962 A1 discloses a decorative element in which light coupled into a light guide passes via a diffuser to openings formed in a decorative element that forms the visible side.

[0011] The DE 20 2017 105 880 U1 specifies a trim part for the vehicle interior in which light shining laterally into an optical layer is scattered on the back of the optical layer in the area of ​​defects and thereby coupled out at the front.

[0012] German patent DE 10 2017 203 888 A1 describes a vehicle component in which the light emitted from a rear-mounted lighting element passes through one or more openings in a substrate to a transparent surface layer. A diffuser may be provided to scatter the light.

[0013] DE 10 2016 225 813 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a translucent vehicle interior element. The vehicle interior element has a carrier with a translucent coating attached to it.

[0014] DE 10 2014 015 525 A1 discloses a fairing element for a motor vehicle in which light reaches the viewer via a light guide and a diffuser layer through an opening formed in a decorative layer.

[0015] Furthermore, WO 2017 / 174548 A1 discloses a light guide in which light deflection structures are arranged inside, which are manufactured using a laser.

[0016] EP 2 853 806 A1 discloses various light deflection structures for optical fibers.

[0017] Further vehicle components and / or their manufacturing processes are disclosed in documents EP 1 666 225 A1, EP 2 743 005 B1, EP 1 705 152 A2 and EP 2 899 008 A1. However, the components disclosed in these documents are not backlit. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The object of the present invention is to provide an aesthetically pleasing and easily manufactured backlit component which attracts the viewer's attention in a particularly efficient manner.

[0019] To solve this problem, a backlit component as specified in claim 1 is proposed. Claim 13 specifies a method for manufacturing such a component. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0020] The present invention thus provides a backlit component, preferably for a vehicle, in particular preferably for a motor vehicle, comprising a base layer; a coating layer attached to the base layer, which forms at least a visible side of the component in certain areas; at least one luminaire element for backlighting the component; and one or more light deflection structures arranged in the area of ​​the base layer to deflect the light emitted by the at least one luminaire element towards the visible side, wherein the coating layer and the base layer are at least partially translucent or transparent.

[0021] The one or more light deflection structures are designed to deflect the light emitted by at least one luminous element in a targeted manner into one or more specific directions or into one or more specific directional areas.

[0022] By selectively directing the light in one or more specific directions or directional areas, a variety of special effects can be created to better focus the viewer's attention on the component. Furthermore, the light emitted by the lighting element can be used in a particularly efficient manner.

[0023] By incorporating light deflection structures, the light emitted by the luminaire can be selectively deflected in one or more specific directions or into one or more specific directional ranges. This allows the light to be extracted from the component in one or more adjustable directions or into one or more specific directional ranges. Depending on the orientation and position of the light deflection structures, the light extraction from the component can be adjusted so that, for example, it is focused from a light guide in a specific direction or diffused into a spatially clearly defined directional range. Alternatively, the light rays from a specific, contiguous area on the visible side of the component can all be extracted, for example, in essentially parallel directions.The light-deflecting structures also allow a particularly large proportion of the light emitted by the lighting element to be emitted from the outside, especially from the visible side of the component. This allows the component as a whole, and preferably at least its visible side, to be designed to be particularly visually appealing.

[0024] The component is backlit, meaning that at least one translucent or transparent element of the component, preferably the paint layer and / or the base layer, is illuminated from behind and thus lit from the viewer's perspective.

[0025] In this document, the term "transparent" refers to materials, such as window glass, where what lies behind them is relatively clearly visible; that is, materials that are largely permeable to radiation in the visible spectrum. In other words, light rays can pass through a transparent element largely unimpeded, meaning they can travel from the back to the front. Transparent materials are also often colloquially described as see-through. In contrast, the term "translucent" refers to materials that only partially allow light to pass through, where the presence of what lies behind them is generally discernible to the human eye, primarily due to changes in brightness, but not in detail. Translucent materials are therefore permeable to light but not transparent. An example of a translucent material is frosted glass.

[0026] According to a further development of the invention, the substrate and / or coating layer is designed, at least partially, preferably completely, as an optical fiber. This offers the advantage that light can be guided, preferably directed, within the substrate and / or coating layer, preferably without significant light loss. Optical fibers are known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Manufacturing is particularly simple if the preferably dimensionally stable support layer is made of plastic. However, glass can also be used instead of plastic for the support layer. Advantageously, the support layer is manufactured using injection molding, which allows for the simple production of the component in a variety of shapes. The support layer is preferably manufactured as a single piece.

[0028] If the base layer is made of plastic, it preferably comprises at least one thermoplastic and / or at least one thermoset and / or at least one elastomer or a mixture of the aforementioned substances.

[0029] If the support layer is at least partially translucent or transparent, the translucent or transparent area is preferably made of plastic. The plastic preferably comprises at least one thermoplastic and / or at least one thermoset and / or at least one elastomer, or a mixture of these substances. According to a preferred embodiment, if the support layer is at least partially translucent or transparent, the translucent or transparent area of ​​the support layer is made of a single thermoplastic, a single thermoset, or a single elastomer. This offers the advantage that the component can be manufactured cost-effectively and the light does not have to cross any material interfaces.

[0030] If the plastic forming the translucent or transparent area of ​​the base layer is a thermoplastic, the thermoplastic is, for example, polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), an aromatic polyester, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethacrylmethylimide (PMMI), a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), a cycloolefin polymer (COP), a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), or a mixture of the aforementioned polymers. If the plastic forming the translucent or transparent area of ​​the base layer is a thermoset, the thermoset is, for example, polyurethane (PU) or polyurea (PUA). If the plastic forming the translucent or transparent area of ​​the base layer is an elastomer, the elastomer is, for example, silicone, in particular silicone rubber. Translucent or transparent plastics are known to those skilled in the art.The use of an elastomer, and especially silicone, results in good adaptability of the component to, for example, a vehicle surface. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has proven particularly suitable for laser processing, especially for the production of light-deflecting structures. Polycarbonate (PC) can also be laser processed, especially for the production of light-deflecting structures, and also adheres well to PUR-based coatings. Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) is also well suited for laser processing, especially for the production of light-deflecting structures, and adheres well to coatings. According to a preferred embodiment, the base layer is made at least partially, preferably entirely, of polycarbonate (PC), and the coating layer is made at least partially, preferably entirely, of polyurethane (PUR) and / or polyurea (PU).This embodiment is particularly suitable for a component in which the support layer is designed as a light guide.

[0031] According to a further development of the invention, essentially the entire support layer, preferably the entire support layer, is translucent or transparent. If essentially the entire support layer, preferably the entire support layer, is translucent or transparent, then preferably essentially the entire support layer, preferably the entire support layer, is made of plastic. The support layer can be made of at least two different plastics, which optionally have different light transmittances. This allows different lighting effects to be achieved.

[0032] According to a further development of the invention, the support layer has at least one opaque area. In the case of several opaque areas, these can be completely separated from one another. If the support layer has an opaque area, this opaque area is preferably made of a plastic. The plastic preferably comprises at least one thermoplastic and / or at least one thermoset and / or at least one elastomer or a mixture of the aforementioned substances. The opaque area can, for example, be made of a plastic such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), or polyethylene (PE). The opaque layer can also, for example, be made of polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which is made opaque with additives such as carbon black. Opaque plastics are known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] A largely loss-free and therefore cost-effective production of the coating layer can be achieved by injection molding. Advantageously, the coating layer is injected directly onto a surface, particularly the front side, of the base layer. Preferably, the coating layer is applied to the front side of the base layer, at least partially, and more preferably across the entire surface. The coating layer is preferably formed as a single piece. However, in certain embodiments, the coating layer can also be formed in multiple parts. For example, spaced-apart parts of the coating layer can each cover separate areas of the base layer. This results in a wide range of design possibilities. For instance, the parts of the coating layer can each form a symbol, or the spaces formed by the parts of the coating layer, either individually or together, can form one or more symbols.The material of the coating layer is preferably polyurethane or polyurea. According to a further development of the invention, essentially the entire coating layer, preferably the entire coating layer, is translucent or transparent. According to a further development of the invention, essentially the entire coating layer, preferably the entire coating layer, is opaque. The opaque coating layer optionally has at least one opening through which light preferably passes.

[0034] To enable efficient and therefore cost-effective production, the base layer and the coating layer are advantageously produced in sequential or parallel processes on an injection molding machine. For this purpose, the injection molding machine advantageously has a rotating or sliding platen to rotate or shift the base layer after its production and, in the rotated or shifted position, to form a cavity with another mold half for producing the coating layer. Alternatively, the base layer and / or the coating layer can also be produced by extrusion. If the base layer and / or the coating layer is produced by extrusion, a protective layer, preferably removable from the coating layer, can optionally be extruded onto the coating layer. Naturally, the component can also be produced by a combination of injection molding and extrusion.

[0035] Preferably, the substrate and the coating layer are each completely translucent or transparent. In certain embodiments, however, the substrate and / or the coating layer can also be only partially translucent or transparent, meaning that the light emitted by the luminaire can only penetrate certain areas of the substrate or coating layer, while the other areas remain opaque. Advantageously, the translucent or transparent areas of the substrate and the coating layer are arranged directly adjacent to each other, so that the light can pass through the substrate and the coating layer in a straight line and, in particular, can reach the viewer in a straight line.

[0036] If only the coating layer or only the base layer is at least partially translucent or transparent, the correspondingly opaque base layer or coating layer preferably has at least one opening, which is located particularly directly adjacent to a translucent or transparent area of ​​the coating layer or base layer. The light emitted by the luminaire can then preferably pass through the at least partially translucent or transparent coating layer or base layer to the at least one opening and through this opening to the viewer.

[0037] The coating layer not only serves to create a high-quality and aesthetically pleasing visible surface of the component, but also protects the substrate and any other components from damage. Therefore, the coating layer preferably has a greater hardness than the substrate and is thus more resistant to mechanical influences, especially scratches. The coating layer can also protect the substrate and any other components from chemical influences. Particularly when the substrate acts as a light guide, the coating layer ensures the unimpeded propagation of light rays within the substrate.

[0038] The light emitted by the luminaire element is advantageously deflected by one or more light-deflectoring structures in such a way that it passes, preferably directly, i.e., without further deflection, reflection, and / or scattering, through both the substrate and the coating layer. Preferably, the light passes, particularly along a straight path, first through the substrate and then through the coating layer.

[0039] The device can contain one or more light sources, i.e., light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, other options include a light-emitting film, particularly an electroluminescent film, or OLEDs, or one or more incandescent bulbs. Manufacturing a single light source is simpler, especially with regard to wiring. Using multiple light sources, on the other hand, allows for more uniform illumination, or the multiple light sources can be used to create irregular illumination and thus achieve specific optical effects.The light-emitting elements are preferably arranged on the back, inside, or side of the substrate layer so that the light they emit can be directed straight into the substrate layer, i.e., without passing through another element, being reflected, or scattered by it. The substrate layer advantageously serves as a light guide to direct the light emitted by the one or more light-emitting elements to the coating layer. During the propagation of the light rays within the substrate layer, (multiple) reflections can occur, particularly at the outer surfaces of the substrate layer.

[0040] The component can also have a housing in which the lighting element(s) are preferably arranged. The support layer can be detachably, for example by means of snap-fit ​​elements, or permanently attached to the housing. The housing is advantageously opaque.

[0041] The one or more light-deflecting structures are arranged within the substrate layer. This minimizes light propagation losses. Advantageously, the light-deflecting structures can even form part of the substrate layer itself. For example, the light-deflecting structures can be designed as local chemical or physical material modifications or as local surface elevations or depressions in the substrate layer and / or the coating layer. Introducing foreign materials or air inclusions to form the light-deflecting structures is also conceivable. It is also possible for the light-deflecting structures to be formed by an element other than the substrate layer and the coating layer. For example, the light-deflecting structures can be formed by an additional component attached directly to the substrate layer or the coating layer, such as a film, particularly a reflective film.Preferably, however, the light deflection structures are designed and arranged in such a way that the light rays do not escape from the base layer and / or the paint layer during deflection, or at most only barely do so.

[0042] The refractive indices of the substrate and the coating preferably differ by at least 0.001 to a maximum of 0.3. The refractive index of the substrate can be greater than that of the coating, or vice versa. The advantages of the invention arise particularly from the difference in refractive index between the substrate and the coating. This difference in refractive index can cause total internal reflection for light rays at the interface between the substrate and the coating, provided that the angle of incidence (angle to the surface normal) of the light rays at the interface exceeds a certain value, namely the critical angle of total internal reflection, which depends on the difference in refractive index. According to a preferred embodiment, the refractive index of the coating is lower than the refractive index of the substrate.The light coupled into the substrate layer can thus propagate within a substrate layer protected from damage by the coating layer. According to a further preferred embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate layer is lower than the refractive index of the coating layer. The light coupled into the coating layer can therefore propagate within the coating layer.

[0043] In certain embodiments, the paint layer can be opaque in certain areas. Alternatively or additionally, the base layer can also be opaque in certain areas. Opaque areas can be used, for example, to display any symbols or create other optical effects.

[0044] According to a further development of the invention, the coating layer, or alternatively or additionally the substrate layer, can form one or more symbols when viewed from the visible side, due to its shape. This shape can refer to the outline of the coating layer and / or the substrate layer as perceived by the observer. Alternatively or additionally, the shape of the substrate layer can also refer to one or more raised areas or depressions, i.e., the 3D shape, of the coating layer and / or the substrate layer. The raised areas and / or depressions of the substrate layer or the coating layer, which form the one or more symbols, can also simultaneously form the aforementioned light-reflecting structures. If the substrate layer has raised areas and / or depressions, the additional advantage is that this improves the adhesion of the coating layer to the substrate layer.

[0045] For the purposes of this document, a "symbol" is understood to mean, for example, letters, numbers, lettering, logos, trademarks, pictograms or similar.

[0046] Alternatively or additionally, one or more light-deflecting structures, viewed from the side of the object, can each, individually or together, form one or more symbols. This results in a wide range of design possibilities for the component.

[0047] The paint layer is preferably applied directly to the substrate, in particular by injection molding onto it. In certain embodiments, preferably no further layer, in particular no layer of metal, plastic, ceramic, or wood, is arranged between the paint layer and the substrate. Furthermore, in certain other embodiments, no film is arranged between the paint layer and the substrate, or the component may even lack any film at all.

[0048] The support layer preferably has a front side facing the visible side of the component, which is covered by the paint layer to at least 20 percent, preferably to at least 30 percent, more preferably to at least 40 percent, even more preferably to at least 50 percent, even more preferably to at least 75 percent, and most preferably to at least 95 percent.

[0049] The base layer and / or the paint layer may have a gate point resulting from the injection molding process, which can be removed, for example, by waterjet cutting, punching, or laser cutting. However, the gate point, which may also be formed by the base layer and the paint layer together, can also be left on the component and serve, for example, as a fastening element or as a light guide for coupling light from a lighting element.

[0050] According to a further development of the invention, the support layer can be produced using a thermoplastic foam injection molding process, preferably with the aid of a chemical or physical blowing agent. This allows the support layer to be manufactured with a lower weight. The foaming can also be used to achieve special lighting and / or design effects.

[0051] In certain preferred embodiments, the component can have an opaque edge to prevent leakage light from escaping at the edge. The opaque edge is preferably formed completely around the entire circumference.

[0052] According to a further development of the invention, the component has an edge that is at least partially translucent or transparent, and preferably completely circumferential. This offers the advantage that the paint layer, especially when viewed from the visible side of the component, is illuminated by light and thus appears to float. To achieve particularly strong light emission in the edge region, light-deflecting structures are preferably arranged in the edge.

[0053] To strengthen or thin the support layer while maintaining structural strength, it can incorporate reinforcing fibers, preferably those that are light-conducting. These reinforcing fibers can also be used to achieve specific optical effects.

[0054] To achieve further optical effects, the paint layer and / or the base layer can contain a dye, in particular color pigments. The dye, in particular the color pigments, can be arranged homogeneously or inhomogeneously within the paint layer and / or the base layer.

[0055] The base layer, especially if it is made of plastic, may contain additives such as demolding agents, thermal stabilizers, UV absorbers, but also flame retardants, IR absorbers, antistatic agents, colorants, etc.

[0056] The coating layer can consist of a single-component or a multi-component coating, particularly a two-component coating. In the case of a two-component coating, the first component is, for example, a polyol and the second component, for example, a polyisocyanate, so that the reaction of the polyol and the polyisocyanate produces a cross-linked polymer, i.e., polyurethane. Alternatively, in the case of a two-component coating, the first component could be, for example, an isocyanate and the second component, for example, an amine, so that the reaction of the isocyanate and the amine produces a cross-linked polymer, i.e., polyurea. Depending on the desired design, the coating layer can be high-gloss or matte.The coating layer can be a soft-touch coating, preferably with a hardness of less than 20 Shore A, preferably measured according to DIN 53505, August 2000 edition, and / or a scratch-resistant coating, preferably with a hardness of 20 Shore A to 100 Shore D, in particular 20 Shore A to 65 Shore D, the hardness preferably measured according to DIN 53505, August 2000 edition. Coatings are known to those skilled in the art.

[0057] The coating layer is preferably permanently attached to the base layer, meaning it can only be removed from the base layer by damage or destruction.

[0058] The thickness of the coating layer is preferably in the range of greater than 0 to a maximum of 12,000 micrometers, more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 12,000 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 3,000 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 1,000 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 800 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 600 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 400 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 200 micrometers, even more preferably from greater than 25 to a maximum of 200 micrometers, and most preferably from greater than 25 to less than 100 micrometers. If the coating layer is too thick, the manufacturing costs for the component increase due to the typically high cost of the coating. However, if the paint layer is too thin, the component becomes susceptible to scratches, as these can extend through the paint layer.Furthermore, the physical and chemical protection of the substrate by the coating may then no longer be sufficient. The specified preferred thickness ranges represent an optimum between these conflicting requirements. To create light-deflecting structures within the coating using a laser, it should have a thickness of 0.4 millimeters or more. Preferably, the coating is essentially the same thickness across its entire surface area to ensure homogeneous illumination of the visible side. The coating can also have a varying thickness across its surface area. This allows for the creation of a wide variety of lighting design effects. A coating that thins has the advantage that the brightness of the illumination of the visible side of the component increases with the thickness of the coating.

[0059] According to a further development of the invention, the lacquer layer can be produced by means of an injection molding process. In this case, the thickness of the lacquer layer is preferably in a range greater than 0 to 100 micrometers or less, in particular in a range greater than 25 to 100 micrometers or less.

[0060] The coating layer preferably has an outer edge with an obliquely extending outer surface that is at an angle of 40° to 89° to the direction of expansion of the base layer. An outer surface at such an angle to the base layer not only forms an aesthetically pleasing finish to the component, but also allows for good illumination of the coating layer, especially in cases where it is relatively thin. The outer surface can also be at an angle greater than 85° to 89° to the direction of expansion of the base layer, for example, to create a clearly defined lateral edge to the visible surface from the viewer's perspective.

[0061] The paint layer may, but does not necessarily, extend beyond the outer edge of the base layer and to the edge face of the base layer. This extension beyond the outer edge of the base layer can, in particular, be continuous, i.e., occurring in the entire edge region of the base layer.

[0062] According to a further development of the invention, the support layer can be flush with the paint layer at its outer edge. The outer edge of the support layer can thus be used as a sealant against the paint during manufacturing; that is, the outer edge of the support layer seals against the mold and thereby prevents further spread of the paint.

[0063] To improve the adhesion of the coating layer to the substrate, the interface between these two layers can have interlocking local elevations and depressions. These local elevations and depressions at the interface can, in particular, form the aforementioned light-refracting structures. Surface activation by means of plasma or corona treatment, or by flame treatment, can also be employed to improve the adhesion of the coating layer to the substrate.

[0064] According to a further development of the invention, one or more light-deflecting structures can be arranged, in particular, within the translucent or transparent area of ​​the support layer. The light-deflecting structures are then especially resistant to physical and chemical damage. Advantageously, the light-deflecting structures are then formed using a laser.

[0065] To simplify manufacturing, particularly in injection molding, one or more light-deflecting structures can also be arranged on a surface of the substrate. In this case, the light-deflecting structures can, for example, be formed on an inner surface of an injection mold. If the substrate is produced by extrusion, a mold insert with raised and / or recessed areas can be used to form the light-deflecting structures. Alternatively, the surface-mounted light-deflecting structures can be produced using a laser or an embossing process, or they can be milled, eroded (e.g., by electrical discharge machining), etched, or printed.

[0066] Preferably, the light-deflecting structures are produced by a local material modification, in particular by melting the material of the support layer. To produce the light-deflecting structures, the material of the support layer is preferably melted at the relevant locations by applying heat and then cooled again. This causes a local structural change in the material at the respective locations, thereby forming the light-deflecting structures. Preferably, the material is not carbonized in this process.

[0067] Depending on the type of material used for the base layer, the light deflection structures created inside it take on different forms, which may be preferred for certain applications.

[0068] Preferably, several light-deflecting structures are arranged side by side in a common plane of the base layer, advantageously all exhibiting the same orientation. Two or more planes can be present within the base layer, each containing a plurality of light-deflecting structures, each advantageously arranged in the same orientation. A wide variety of lighting effects can be created using a base layer with light-deflecting structures in two or more planes.

[0069] To achieve an optimal shape for the light deflection structures, particularly when they are located within the support layer, the light deflection structures are preferably fabricated using green laser light and / or infrared laser light. Preferably, the green laser light has a wavelength in the range of 490 nm to 575 nm, particularly approximately 532 nm. The infrared laser light advantageously has a wavelength in the range of 780 nm to 1400 nm, more advantageously in the range of 1000 nm to 1100 nm, particularly approximately 1030 nm. Infrared lasers are inexpensive to purchase and offer particularly stable processing. An ultrashort pulse laser, preferably a femtosecond or picosecond laser, is advantageously used. Preferably, the base body of the light deflection structures is substantially rotationally symmetric, and in particular, completely rotationally symmetric.This makes the light deflection structures easier to manufacture, and the resulting light deflection is easier to predict. In particular, luminance simulation software can be developed to predict the luminance at the surface, and especially at the light-emitting surface, of an optical fiber. Conversely, starting from a desired surface luminance, the software can determine the arrangement and / or design of the light deflection structures within the optical fiber. In this way, any desired luminance distribution on the optical fiber surface can be achieved very easily. The rotational symmetry of the base body determines the longitudinal axis of each light deflection structure, which coincides with the axis of symmetry.The term "luminance" refers to the ratio of luminous intensity to the size of the visible luminous emission area, which is given in candela per square meter of the emission area (cd / m²).

[0070] The light-deflecting structures arranged inside the support layer preferably each have an elongated, and in particular substantially rotationally symmetrical, base body with one or more flag-shaped elements attached to it. Advantageously, the at least one flag extends over 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the entire longitudinal extent of the base body. The at least one flag can be connected to the base body, particularly along one of its sides, over a region of 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of its entire longitudinal extent. The width of the flag, measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base body, is preferably at most 30 micrometers. Preferably, at least two flags are attached to the base body on substantially diametrically opposite sides.The one or more flags advantageously form a substantially flat surface as a whole, extending radially outwards from the base body. The base body is advantageously formed in one or more parts, preferably in one piece. The base body is advantageously dimensioned many times larger along its longitudinal direction than in the directions perpendicular to this longitudinal direction. The base body can also have a local thickening along its longitudinal direction, preferably located at 15–35 percent of the total longitudinal extent of the base body. The base bodies of the light deflection structures preferably have a longitudinal extent of at least 100 micrometers, more preferably at least 300 micrometers.The light-deflecting structures arranged within the base layer and / or the coating layer can be designed, in particular, according to the specifications in WO 2017 / 174548 A1, the complete content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. It has been shown that light rays striking such light-deflecting structures, especially from the side (i.e., from a direction essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light-deflecting structures), are deflected towards the longitudinal direction of the light-deflecting structure. Specifically, the light is deflected towards the longitudinal axis of the base body, which extends centrally and longitudinally through the base body. By providing a large number of such light-deflecting structures in the base layer and / or the coating layer, a targeted deflection of the incident light in one or more specific directions can be achieved.The light can thereby be extracted from the substrate in one or more adjustable directions. Depending on the orientation and position of the light deflection structures, the light extraction can be adjusted so that, for example, it is focused from the substrate in a specific direction or diffused over a specific directional range. The light deflection structures arranged on the surface of the substrate and / or the coating layer can be designed in particular according to the specifications in EP 2 853 806 A1, the complete contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0071] Preferably, the light-deflecting structures arranged inside the support layer are manufactured using a laser. In this case, the laser light preferably causes local heat input at the corresponding locations in the support layer, leading to material melting. Manufacturing the light-deflecting structures using a laser is not only particularly simple, but can also be easily carried out in such a way that the aforementioned elongated base bodies as well as the specified local thickenings and ridges are created. When manufacturing the light-deflecting structures using a laser, it can be ensured that the material is locally melted, but not carbonized. Of course, the light-deflecting structures can also be manufactured using any other method known to those skilled in the art.

[0072] The light deflection structures can be designed and / or arranged in the area of ​​the support layer in such a way that the light coupled out by the light deflection structures, either alone or together, appears as a symbol.

[0073] According to a further development of the invention, the light-deflecting structures are provided as local surface elevations and / or depressions on the back side of the support layer. Preferably, the light-deflecting structures are designed as surface depressions. Arranging the light-deflecting structures on the back side of the support layer has the advantage that the light-deflecting structures are less susceptible to environmental influences and damage. This is particularly true for light-deflecting structures designed as surface depressions.

[0074] The component can also include an additional part that is arranged within or between the paint layer and the base layer. According to a preferred embodiment, the additional part is arranged such that one front surface of the additional part is flush with the front surface of the base layer. In another embodiment, the additional part is arranged such that one front surface of the additional part is raised relative to the front surface of the base layer. The front or back surface of the base layer or the paint layer can have a recess within which the additional part is arranged. Preferably, however, the additional part is at least partially, and preferably completely, overmolded by the base layer material during manufacturing. This provides optimal protection for the additional part. The additional part can be, for example, a film, an electronic component, or a pre-fabricated layer.In the case of a film, it can be, in particular, a light-reflecting film or an electroluminescent film. The film can have both transparent or translucent and opaque areas, thereby forming one or more symbols. If the film or the pre-assembled layer is completely opaque, it can optionally have at least one opening through which light can pass. This allows for a wide variety of lighting effects. In the case of an electronic component, it can be, for example, an electronic unit with a printed circuit board, or also a sensor, a screen, a battery, or a solar module. According to a further development of the invention, the pre-assembled layer is advantageously manufactured from plastic or metal using injection molding.A pre-fabricated layer is a layer that is, for example, pre-cut, pre-shaped, etc. If the additional component is a sensor, it can be, in particular, an optical sensor, such as an infrared or lidar sensor; an acoustic sensor, such as an ultrasonic sensor; an electromagnetic sensor, such as an inductive, capacitive, or radar sensor; an accelerometer; a velocity sensor; or a sensor for detecting environmental parameters, such as a temperature, humidity, or brightness sensor. The sensor can be operated without contact or by touch. If the film is a light-reflecting film, it is preferably arranged on a surface of the substrate facing away from the visible side of the component. This substrate, which is preferably designed as a light guide, is a coating layer and / or substrate.This offers the advantage that light propagating in the paint layer and / or base layer can be deflected towards the visible side of the component.

[0075] To protect an accessory component during the spraying of the paint layer, the substrate can have one or more protruding splash guards, such as one or more splash walls. These splash guards serve to guide the paint during the spraying process in such a way that the accessory component is not displaced or damaged.

[0076] According to a further development of the invention, the support layer can have a through-opening, and the paint layer is produced by passing paint through this through-opening. This prevents an injection point of the paint layer from being visible on the visible side of the component. The paint layer thus extends into the through-opening, preferably extending at least from the front of the support layer to the back of the support layer.

[0077] A removable protective film may be applied to the visible side of the component, particularly in the area of ​​the paint layer, to protect the visible side between production and application.

[0078] In certain embodiments, at least one intermediate layer can be arranged on the base layer and / or the coating layer, particularly at the interface between these two layers. The intermediate layer is formed, for example, by a film, especially a thermoplastic film, particles, an adhesive, or an adhesion promoter. The intermediate layer, which is formed, for example, by the film, especially the thermoplastic film, or the particles, is preferably embedded between the base layer and the coating layer and preferably not attached to the coating layer and / or the base layer by means of a fastener, such as an adhesive or an adhesion promoter. If the intermediate layer is attached to the coating layer and / or the base layer by means of a fastener, this fastener is preferably an adhesive or an adhesion promoter.The thermoplastic film has the advantage that it becomes sticky when heated, thus bonding the paint layer and the substrate together. This heat is generated, for example, during the manufacturing of the component using injection molding and / or extrusion.

[0079] The intermediate layer is preferably translucent or transparent. Such an intermediate layer may have light-deflecting structures. The intermediate layer may also be at least partially opaque. The opaque intermediate layer may optionally have at least one opening through which light can pass. The intermediate layer, in particular the film, can fulfill various functions, such as coloring the light emitted by the light-emitting element or protecting the component from dirt particles. The intermediate layer can also enable optical effects. If the intermediate layer is formed by the film, such a film preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.05 millimeters to 1 millimeter, more preferably a thickness in the range of 0.2 millimeters to 0.8 millimeters. If the intermediate layer is formed by an adhesion promoter or an adhesive, such an adhesion promoter or adhesive has a thickness of 0.05 millimeters to 1 millimeter, respectively.The adhesive preferably has a thickness in the range of 5 micrometers to 1 millimeter. In a first preferred embodiment, if at least one intermediate layer, such as a film, adhesive, adhesion promoter, or particles, is arranged at the interface between the base layer and the coating layer, the material of the base layer has a lower refractive index than the material of the intermediate layer, and the refractive index of the intermediate layer material is higher than that of the coating layer material. This embodiment offers the advantage that a component can be manufactured in which the base layer is made of a material, particularly plastic, that has a lower refractive index than the material of the coating layer, and the base layer can still function as a light guide.In this embodiment, the base layer is preferably made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). In a second preferred embodiment, if at least one intermediate layer, such as a film, adhesive, adhesion promoter, or particles, is arranged at the interface between the base layer and the coating layer, the material of the base layer has a higher refractive index than the material of the intermediate layer, and the coating layer is preferably opaque, at least in certain areas. This offers the advantage that the base layer can act as a light guide and the opaque coating layer cannot absorb the light propagating in the base layer.

[0080] The support layer preferably has a thickness of 1 millimeter or greater. This ensures a certain degree of structural stability. To create a 3D structure on the surface and / or within the support structure, the support layer preferably has a thickness of 1 to 3 millimeters. Preferably, the support layer has a maximum thickness of 10 millimeters. In particular, if the support layer is made of thermoplastic material by injection molding, it preferably has a maximum thickness of 10 millimeters, since at this thickness rapid cooling of the support layer after its production is still possible. To create light-deflecting structures inside the support layer using a laser, it should preferably have a thickness of 0.4 millimeters or more.

[0081] According to a further development of the invention, the paint layer and / or the base layer and / or an additional part of the component can be designed as a diffuser to achieve more uniform illumination of the component. The diffuser effect can be achieved, for example, by introducing particles and / or pigments or by local material modifications, induced, for example, by a laser.

[0082] The at least one light element can be arranged, in particular, within the substrate layer, within the coating layer, or between the substrate layer and the coating layer. This not only provides optimal protection for the light element against environmental influences, but also ensures optimal coupling of the emitted light into the substrate layer or coating layer. The front or back of the substrate layer or coating layer can have a recess within which the light element is arranged. Preferably, however, the light element(s) are at least partially, and preferably completely, encapsulated by the substrate layer and / or coating layer material during manufacturing. Advantageously, only the connecting cables for the electrical supply of the light element then protrude from the substrate layer or coating layer. To achieve optimal light coupling, the substrate layer material is...The paint layer is preferably sprayed at least on the light-emitting surface of the lighting element.

[0083] The lighting element(s) can be mounted on a substrate, for example, a circuit board, and this substrate can be at least partially embedded in the base layer and / or the coating layer. The lighting element(s), together with the base layer or coating layer and optionally with electronics and connecting cables, then form a lighting module. This lighting module forms a unit that is at least partially bonded to the base layer and / or coating layer by overmolding. Preferably, the entire lighting module is overmolded with the material of the base layer and / or coating layer. The lighting module is then particularly securely integrated into the component and thus protected against environmental influences and, in particular, against the ingress of gases, liquids, especially water, and cleaning agents. Furthermore, the light loss during coupling of the light into the base layer or coating layer can be minimized.Furthermore, this makes production, even in large series, particularly using injection molding, comparatively simple, as only the lighting module needs to be positioned in the injection mold. The lighting element, the carrier, or the lighting module can be connected to at least one positioning element, such as a positioning pin, to ensure secure positioning in the injection mold. If the lighting elements are attached to the carrier, for example, to the circuit board, the carrier preferably has at least one opening through which light, especially the light emitted by the lighting elements, can pass. This reduces light shadowing caused by the carrier.

[0084] The present invention further relates to a method for manufacturing a component, preferably for a vehicle and in particular for a component as described above, comprising at least the steps of: Applying, preferably by injection molding, a layer of paint to a substrate to form at least a visible side of the component; providing at least one lighting element for backlighting the component; and providing, in particular forming, one or more light deflection structures in the area of ​​the substrate to deflect the light emitted by the at least one lighting element in one or more specific directions or in one or more specific directional areas towards the visible side. wherein the paint layer and the base layer are at least partially translucent or transparent.

[0085] The aforementioned procedural steps can be carried out in the specified order, but do not have to be.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the one or more light-deflecting structures are produced together with the support layer in an injection molding process, particularly simultaneously. Preferably, an injection mold is used that has corresponding protrusions and / or depressions on its inner surface to form the light-deflecting structures. Alternatively, the injection mold can also have an insert with such protrusions and / or depressions. The light-deflecting structures are then produced simultaneously with the support layer.

[0087] Alternatively or additionally, one or more light deflection structures can also be produced using a laser or an embossing process. It is also conceivable to mill, erode, or print the light deflection structures onto the substrate using a printing process. In these cases, the light deflection structures are produced only after the substrate has been manufactured.

[0088] According to a further development of the invention, the lighting element(s) are at least partially, but preferably completely, encased in the material of the support layer during manufacturing.

[0089] Particularly efficient production can be achieved by using indexable platen, sliding table, or rotary table clamping units in which various forming tools can be accommodated and both the base layer and the coating layer, possibly from different component samples, can be produced cycle by cycle and identically. Such indexable platen, sliding table, or rotary table clamping units are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0090] Preferably, a RIM (Reaction Injection Molding) injection molding process is used, in particular a PUR-RIM injection molding process (PUR = polyurethane) or a polyurea-RIM injection molding process. The process can also be combined with an injection compression molding process.

[0091] If an injection mold is used in the manufacturing process and if one or more lighting elements or an additional component, such as a sensor or other electronic element, are to be integrated into the base layer and / or the paint layer, the injection mold preferably has at least one recess and, optionally, elements provided in the recess for fixing the lighting element(s) or the additional component. The recess is advantageously designed to correspond to the lighting element(s) or the additional component. The recess can be formed, in particular, by a preferably circumferential raised section, especially a collar-shaped raised section, on the inside of the injection mold. The arrangement of the lighting element(s) or additional component within the recess ensures secure positioning.The additional component is protected from unintentional displacement and damage during the spreading of the coating material or carrier material in the cavity of the injection mold. The lighting element(s) or the additional component can be inserted into the injection mold with or without a surrounding protective cover. In certain embodiments, the lighting element(s) or the additional component can also be back-injected from the rear, i.e., from below with respect to the recess. For this purpose, an additional injection channel can be provided in the recess of the injection mold, and / or the injection mold can have one or more movable mold components to allow, for example, an expansion of the cavity on the rear side of the lighting element(s) or the additional component. The lighting element or additional component can be fixed in the recess.This fixation can be achieved through clamping or adhesion, for example using an adhesive or vacuum / electrostatic forces. The injection mold can, for instance, be provided with holes through which a vacuum can be applied to the underside of the light element or the accessory part.

[0092] The component can be an interior or exterior part. In the case of an interior part, the coating is preferably made of a soft-touch coating or a scratch-resistant coating, more preferably a scratch-resistant coating. The soft-touch coating preferably has a hardness of less than 20 Shore A, preferably measured according to DIN 53505, August 2000 edition. The scratch-resistant coating preferably has a hardness of 20 Shore A to 100 Shore D, particularly 20 Shore A to 65 Shore D, with the hardness preferably measured according to DIN 53505, August 2000 edition. In the case of an exterior component, the paint layer is preferably made of a scratch-resistant paint and preferably has a hardness of 20 Shore A to 100 Shore D, in particular of 20 Shore A to 65 Shore D, wherein the hardness is preferably measured in accordance with the standard DIN 53505, edition of August 2000.If the component is an exterior part, it preferably has at least one semipermeable membrane to allow moisture to escape from the component without preventing moisture from penetrating it from the outside. Furthermore, in the case of an exterior part, the supporting layer can be made of polycarbonate, preferably with a softening temperature of more than 130°C, more preferably more than 140°C, and most preferably approximately 145°C.

[0093] According to a further development of the invention, the coating layer comprises a single layer or at least two layers. In the case of at least two layers, the at least two layers preferably overlap at least partially.

[0094] According to a further development of the invention, the support layer comprises a single layer or at least two layers. In the case of at least two layers, the at least two layers preferably lie at least partially on top of each other.

[0095] According to a further development of the invention, the component forms a cover, wherein, in the installed state, preferably a visible side of the cover is at least partially, preferably completely, visible.

[0096] According to a further development of the invention, the component is suitable for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle. Preferably, a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, incorporates the component. If the component is suitable for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, the component can be, in particular, a window guide trim, a spoiler, a trim panel for an A-, B-, C- or D-pillar, a triangular trim panel, a window channel trim, a water deflector strip, a cover or trim panel in the roof area, such as a cover for a panoramic sunroof, a cover or trim panel in the console area, a cover or trim panel in the dashboard area, a trim panel or cover in the door area, a trim panel or cover panel in the area of ​​a radiator grille, the loading edge or on a tailgate, a decorative, entry or door trim panel, an emblem, or a bumper cover.

[0097] According to a further development of the invention, the component is suitable for a household appliance, such as a refrigerator, a steam cooker, a washing machine, a clothes dryer, an oven, a cooker, a dishwasher, or a piece of furniture. Preferably, the household appliance or piece of furniture incorporates the component.

[0098] According to a further development of the invention, the component is suitable for devices used in procedures for the surgical or therapeutic treatment of the human or animal body, or for devices used in diagnostic procedures performed on the human or animal body. Preferably, such a device incorporates the component.

[0099] According to a further development of the invention, the component is suitable for consumer goods, such as a coffee machine or a vacuum cleaner, and in particular for consumer electronics, such as a computer, a printer, a scanner, a copier, a television, a CD player, or a DVD player. Preferably, such a consumer good, and especially such consumer electronics, incorporates the component.

[0100] According to a further development of the invention, the component is suitable for a shower head, a sanitary fitting, a toilet, a shower, or a cistern. The component is, for example, an integral part of the shower head, the sanitary fitting, the toilet, the shower, or the cistern.

[0101] According to a further development of the invention, the component is designed as a control element which can be operated, for example, by touch or without contact.

[0102] The present disclosure also relates, independently, to a component, preferably for a vehicle, wherein the component may in particular be designed according to the above specifications, comprising the component a support layer preferably made of a plastic; a paint layer applied to the support layer, in particular by injection molding, which forms at least a visible side of the component in some areas; and at least one electronic component, such as in particular a light element or a sensor, which is arranged within the paint layer or within the support layer or between the paint layer and the support layer.

[0103] This additional component is preferably, but not necessarily, designed and manufactured according to the specifications already given above for the backlit component. Therefore, it is not mandatory for this additional component that the substrate and the coating layer be translucent or transparent, or that light-deflecting structures be provided to selectively or randomly redirect the light emitted by any existing light source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0104] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting. In the drawings: Fig. 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic view of a first step in the method for manufacturing the component shown in Fig. 1 shown component; Fig. 2 schematic view of a second step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 1 component shown; Fig. 2 a schematic view of a third step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 1 shown component; Fig. 2 a schematic view of a fourth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 1 component shown; Fig. 2e a schematic view of a fifth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 1 of the component shown; Fig. 3 a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4a a schematic view of a first step in the method for manufacturing the component shown in Fig. 3 shown component; Fig. 4 schematic view of a second step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 3 component shown; Fig. 4 a schematic view of a third step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 3 shown component; Fig. 4 a schematic view of a fourth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 3 component shown; Fig. 5a a schematic view of a first step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 5c shown component; Fig. 5 schematic view of a second step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 5c of the component shown; Fig. 5c a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to a third embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6a a schematic view of a first step in the method for manufacturing the component shown in Fig. 6cshown component; Fig. 6 schematic view of a second step in the process for manufacturing the component shown in Fig. 6c of the component shown; Fig. 6 a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to a fourth embodiment; Fig. 7 a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to a fifth embodiment; Fig. 8 a schematic view of a first step in the method for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i shown component; Fig. 8 schematic view of a second step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i component shown; Fig. 8 a schematic view of a third step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i shown component; Fig. 8 a schematic view of a fourth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8ishown component; Fig. 8e a schematic view of a fifth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i shown component; Fig. 8 fine schematic view of a sixth step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i shown component; Fig. 8 a schematic view of a seventh step in the process for manufacturing the in Fig. 8i shown component; Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of an eighth step in the process for manufacturing the component shown in Fig. 8i component shown; and Fig. 8ie a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlit component according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0105] In the Figures 1 to 8iVarious embodiments of the invention, as well as variants thereof and preferred methods for their manufacture, are illustrated by way of example. Features that have an identical or at least similar design and / or function are shown in the Figures 1 to 8i each provided with the same reference numerals.

[0106] The Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a first embodiment according to the invention of a backlit component of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, shown schematically in cross-section. The component shown can be an interior component for arrangement in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle or an exterior component for arrangement on the outside of a motor vehicle.

[0107] The component has a support layer 2 and a paint layer 1 directly attached to it, in particular sprayed onto it. An adhesion promoter 32, for example in the form of an adhesive, can optionally be used to attach a housing 31 (in the Figure 1 (shown as a dashed line) are attached to a rear side 21 of the base layer 2.

[0108] The coating layer 1 has a front or visible side 13, which in this case constitutes a predominant part of the entire visible surface of the component. Towards the support layer 2, the coating layer 1 has a back side 14. The visible side 13 and the back side 14 are connected to each other at their respective edges by an end face 15. The end face 15, which can be continuous, is rounded here and closes off the coating layer 1 laterally to the outside. The rounded shape of the end face 15 of the coating layer 1 results in an attractive aesthetic finish for the component. Furthermore, this helps to prevent dirt from accumulating at the edge of the coating layer 1.

[0109] The support layer 2 has a front side 20 facing the paint layer 1 and a back side 21, which are connected laterally via end faces 22.

[0110] An opaque circumferential edge 30 is provided on the rear side 14 of the coating layer 1, directly adjacent to the front side 22 of the support layer 2. The edge 30 serves, in particular, to prevent lateral light leakage from the component. Due to the stepped design of the front surface of the edge 30, the coating layer 1 and the edge 30 interlock, thus improving their bond.

[0111] Within the support layer 2, a printed circuit board 40 with a light element 41 attached to it is arranged. The printed circuit board 40 and the light element 41 are each almost completely surrounded by the support layer 2, so that a maximum proportion of the light emitted by the light element 41 is coupled into the support layer 2, which forms a light guide.

[0112] The one in Figure 1 The component shown features a multitude of light-deflecting structures designed to selectively redirect the light emitted by the at least one luminaire element 41 in one or more specific directions or directional ranges. These light-deflecting structures are, for example, formed as surface structures 16 on the surface of the paint layer 1 forming the visible side 13, in the form of local elevations and / or depressions.

[0113] Further light-deflection structures are formed as interface structures 230 in the area of ​​the back side 14 of the coating layer 1 and in the area of ​​the front side 20 of the base layer 2. The interface structures 230 are formed by interlocking local protrusions and / or depressions in the coating layer 1 and the base layer 2. The interlocking of the coating layer 1 and the base layer 2 in the area of ​​the interface structures 230 also increases their mutual bonding.

[0114] Furthermore, light deflection structures in the form of volume structures 231 are present inside the supporting layer 2.

[0115] Both the lacquer layer 1 and the support layer 2 are translucent or transparent. A translucent design allows for a more homogeneous light distribution across the visible surface 13, so that elements located behind it, such as the circuit board 40 and / or the light-deflecting structures 230 and 231, are not visible. Conversely, a transparent design of, for example, the lacquer layer 1 may be desirable if elements behind it are to be visible. For instance, the volume structures 231 and / or the interface structures 230 can each, individually or together, represent a symbol, such as lettering or a brand name, from the viewer's perspective. By placing the symbol below the transparent lacquer layer 1 and, in the case of the volume structures 231, even within the support layer 2, a special optical effect can be achieved.

[0116] In the Figures 2a to 2e are the different process steps for producing the in the Figure 1 The backlit component shown illustrates this. Both the support layer 2 and the paint layer 1 are manufactured using injection molding.

[0117] In preparation for the event in the Figure 2aIn the first process step of forming the support layer 2, the printed circuit board 40 with the attached light element 41 is inserted into a first lower mold part 51 of an injection mold, and the injection mold is then tightly closed by means of a first upper mold part 50. This creates a first cavity 52. ​​Secure positioning of the printed circuit board 40 in the first lower mold part 51 can be ensured by means of pin- or rod-shaped positioning elements 400, which are attached to the underside of the printed circuit board 40. The positioning elements 400 ensure, in particular, that the printed circuit board 40 is not displaced during the subsequent injection of a flowable plastic material 520. The transparent or translucent plastic material 520 is injected into the first cavity 52 through an injection opening 515.To form the interface structures 230 on the support layer 2, the first upper molded part 50 has corresponding surface structures 500 on its inside.

[0118] Once the base layer 2 has sufficiently cured, it is removed from the injection mold. As in the Figure 2b As can be seen, the material of the support layer 2 almost completely surrounds the circuit board 40 with the attached light element 41. The circuit board 40 and the light element 41 are thus already integrated, in particular embedded, in the support layer 2. Likewise, the interface structures 230 are already formed on the front surface 20 of the support layer 2.

[0119] Next, according to Figure 2cThe volume structures 231 are formed. For this purpose, the preferably fully cured support layer 2 is bombarded with a laser beam 71. The laser beam 71, which is generated by a laser device 70, can in particular be a focused laser beam. Preferably, an ultrashort pulse laser with green laser light in a wavelength range of 490 nm - 575 nm, in particular of approximately 532 nm, is used to generate the laser beam 71. The application of the laser beam 71 causes heat input into the material of the support layer 2, resulting in a locally confined material melting. The heat input is preferably so small, however, that no chemical material change, in particular no carbonization, occurs. As described in the Figure 2c As shown, the laser beam 71 can be introduced into the support layer 2 via the front 20, via the back 21 or laterally via the front 22.

[0120] The volume structures 231 generated by the laser beam 71 each preferably have an elongated base body with one or more flags 2311 attached to it. Preferably, one or more pairs of flags 2311 are arranged diametrically opposite each other on the base body, extending over 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the total longitudinal extent of the base body. The flags each have a width, measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base body, preferably of no more than 30 micrometers. The base body has a local thickening 2310 along its longitudinal direction, which is preferably located at 15 to 35 percent of the total longitudinal extent of the base body with respect to the longitudinal direction of the base body. The volume structures 231 are designed and manufactured in particular according to the specifications in WO 2017 / 174548 A1.

[0121] A multitude of volume structures 231 can be arranged on a common plane in the base layer 2. Multiple planes within the base layer 2, each containing a multitude of volume structures 231, can also be provided. Furthermore, a multitude of volume structures 231, as well as interface structures 230 and surface structures 16, can collectively form a single symbol.

[0122] The next step is to produce the surrounding rim 30, which is done in the Figure 2d As shown, the cured base layer 2 is placed into another injection mold, which has a second upper mold part 53 and a second lower mold part 54. An opaque, flowable plastic material 550 is injected through an injection opening 541 into a second cavity 55 bounded by the two mold parts 53 and 54 and the base layer 2. The edge 30 is thus injection-molded onto the end face 22 of the base layer 2.

[0123] After the edge 30 has cured, the second upper mold part 53 is removed and the injection mold is closed with a third upper mold part 56. This third upper mold part 56, together with the base layer 2 and the edge 30 molded onto it, forms an outwardly sealed third cavity 57, which is present particularly in the area of ​​the front face 20 of the base layer 2 (see Figure 2eA paint 570 is then injected via a lateral injection opening 560, spreading across and flooding the front surface 20 of the support layer 2. The paint 570 also spreads beyond the front outer edge of the rim 30. At the end face of the rim 30, the paint 570, and thus the subsequent paint layer 1, lies flush with the outer surface of the rim 30. To form the surface structure 16, a corresponding surface structure 561, for example in the form of a grain, is formed on the inside of the third upper mold part 56.

[0124] Once the 570 coating has cured, the injection mold is opened and the largely finished component is removed. If necessary, some finishing work can then be carried out.

[0125] In the Figure 3A backlit component according to the invention is shown in a second embodiment. The manufacture of this component is described in the Figures 4a to 4d shown.

[0126] Unlike the component of the Figure 1 indicates that the Figure 3 A lacquer layer 1 is applied with an opaque lacquer layer portion 10 and a transparent lacquer layer portion 11. Instead of being transparent, the lacquer layer portion 11 could also be translucent. Likewise, in an alternative embodiment, the opaque lacquer layer portion 10 could be translucent. The thickness D of the lacquer layer 1 is preferably in the range of greater than 25 to less than 100 micrometers. However, it can also have a thickness D outside the specified range.

[0127] Below the transparent lacquer layer 11, the transparent or translucent base layer 2 has a first recess 240 in which a film 33 is arranged. The film 33 can, for example, be colored and / or form the shape of a symbol.

[0128] In this embodiment, the edge of the support layer 2 extends rearward in a rounded shape. As can be seen from the Figure 3 Furthermore, as is clearly visible, the paint layer 1 extends over the entire rounded edge region of the base layer 2. The visible side 13 of the paint layer 1 thus forms an angle α with the surface in which the back side 21 of the base layer 2 extends, decreasing continuously from 90° to 0° from the outside to the inside. In other embodiments, the edge region of the component, particularly in the edge region of the base layer 2 and / or the paint layer 1, could be stepped.

[0129] In the area of ​​the rear side 21, the load-bearing layer 2 of the in the Figure 3 The component shown has a second recess 241, within which a light element 41 is accommodated.

[0130] Furthermore, on the back side, 21 of the load-bearing layer 2 of the in the Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, light deflection elements for targeted light deflection, for example towards the film 33, are provided in the form of surface structures 232. The surface structures 232 are designed as depressions and extend into the support layer 2 with a depth T that is preferably less than three times the diameter d of a respective depression. The surface structures 232 are thus preferably designed as hemispherical depressions.

[0131] To produce the in the Figure 3 The component shown is, in a first step, according to the Figure 4aA first cavity 52 is formed by means of a first upper molded part 50 and a first lower molded part 51. A plastic material 520 is introduced into this first cavity 52 through an injection opening 515 to form the support layer 2. To form the first and second recesses 240, 241, as well as the surface structures 232, correspondingly complementary protrusions 503 and 510 are provided on the first upper molded part 50 and on the first lower molded part 51, respectively.

[0132] After the base layer 2 has hardened and been demolded, it is, as described in the Figure 4bAs shown, the opaque coating layer part 10 is inserted into a further injection mold with a second upper mold part 53 and a second lower mold part 54 for the production of the opaque coating layer part 10. Seals 540 can be provided to seal the two mold parts 53, 54 with respect to the typically low-viscosity coating 551. The opaque coating 551 is introduced via an injection opening 541 into a second cavity 55, which is jointly bounded by the second upper and the second lower mold parts 53, 54 as well as the already produced base layer 2.

[0133] Subsequently, after the opaque lacquer 551 has cured, the second upper mold part 53 is removed, the film 33 is inserted into the first recess 240 of the base layer, and the injection mold is closed again with a third upper mold part 56 ( Figure 4cThis creates a third cavity 57 that is sealed on the outside, into which a transparent lacquer 570 is injected via an injection opening 560 to form the transparent lacquer layer part 11. The film 33 is thus embedded between the base layer 2 and the lacquer layer 1.

[0134] After the transparent lacquer 570 has cured, the component is removed from the injection mold and, if necessary, post-processed. In particular, a light element 41 is inserted into the second recess 241 of the support layer 2, see Figure 4d In principle, it would also be possible to insert a lighting element 41 alternatively or additionally into a third recess 242, which is provided for this purpose in the area of ​​the front 20 of the support layer 2 (in Figure 4d(shown in dashed lines). The light element 41 arranged in this third recess 242 could then be completely overmolded by the paint of paint layer 1. Furthermore, interface structures 230 for light deflection could of course also be provided in this embodiment in the area between paint layer 1 and the base layer 2 (also shown in Figure 4d (shown as dashed lines). The interface structures 230 preferably extend to a depth T of 3–500 micrometers into the base layer 2 or the coating layer 1. Surface structures 232 for light deflection can also be provided in the form of one or more protrusions on the back side 21 of the base layer 2 (also shown as dashed lines). The protrusions preferably have a height h of 3–500 micrometers above the surrounding surface of the back side 21 of the base layer 2.

[0135] The manufacture of a backlit component according to a third embodiment of the invention is described in the Figures 5a to 5c shown, where the Figure 5c shows the finished component.

[0136] To produce the transparent or translucent base layer 2 according to the Figure 5a A plastic material 520 is injected through an injection port 515 into a first cavity 52, which is formed and sealed by a first upper molded part 50 and a first lower molded part 51. A printed circuit board 40 with an attached light element 41 is thereby overmolded by the plastic material 520. To reduce the mechanical impact of the flowing plastic material 520 on the printed circuit board 40 and to prevent displacement, a protective ridge 511 is attached to the first lower molded part 51, extending into the first cavity 52 between the injection port 515 and the printed circuit board 40.

[0137] Furthermore, in the Figure 5a In the illustrated embodiment, an electronic component, such as a sensor 80, is integrated or embedded in the plastic material 520 of the support layer 2. The sensor 80 can be encased in a protective layer 90, in particular a protective film. To prevent the sensor 80 from slipping during the injection molding process, it is surrounded by a further protective protrusion 511 of the first lower molded part 51. Alternatively, to provide even better protection for the sensor 80, it can be received in a recess 512 of the first lower molded part 51, which can also be protected by a circumferential protective protrusion 511. In the Figure 5a Both alternative variants for the arrangement of sensor 80 are shown. In the plastic material 520, volume structures 231 can be produced in the support layer 2 using a laser for the purpose of targeted light deflection.

[0138] In the next procedural step of the Figure 5bAfter the base layer 2 has cured, the first upper molded part 50 is replaced by a second upper molded part 53 to form and seal a second cavity 55 together with the base layer 2 for the production of the coating layer 1. The transparent or translucent coating 551 is then injected into the second cavity 55 through an injection opening 541, so that it floods the front surface of the base layer 2.

[0139] Another possibility to inject the plastic material 520 into the first cavity 52 ( Figure 5a ) to prevent the sensor 80 from shifting, is in the Figure 5b As shown: The first lower molded part 51 can have a vacuum channel 514 to which a vacuum can be applied such that the sensor 80 is fixed. The vacuum channel 514 can also extend through a movable molded part element 513 of the first lower molded part 51. This movable molded part element 513 can, as shown in the Figure 5bThe area shown as a dashed line, after the support layer 2 has hardened, is moved a short distance away from it, for example to inject a plastic through the vacuum channel 514. The injected plastic forms a plastic layer 91 in the area of ​​the back of the support layer 2 and directly below the sensor 80 (see figure). Figure 5c The sensor 80 including protective layer 90 therefore does not necessarily have to be overmolded by the material of the base layer 2, but can also be inserted into a correspondingly provided recess only after the base layer 2 has cured, which is then, as in Figure 5c shown, with the plastic layer 91 being sealed to the outside.

[0140] Furthermore, a plastic protective layer 92 can be attached to the back of the support layer 2, in particular by injection molding, as is done in the Figure 5c shown.

[0141] The manufacture of a backlit component according to a fourth embodiment of the invention is described in the Figures 6a to 6c shown, where the Figure 6c shows the finished component.

[0142] In contrast to the embodiments shown so far, the production of the one described in the Figures 6a to 6c The component shown uses a first lower molded part 51, which has a protrusion 510 extending upwards through the first cavity 52 to the inside of the first upper molded part 50. After the transparent or translucent plastic material 520 is injected through the injection opening 515 ( Figure 6a ) and curing of the plastic material 520, a support layer 2 with an opening extending from the back 21 to the front 20 is achieved. This opening can then be used as a through-injection channel 25 for injecting the paint 551 (see Figure 6b), to avoid unsightly injection marks on the visible side of paint layer 1. The paint 551 forming paint layer 1 thus extends from the front 20 to the back 21 through the base layer 2.

[0143] On the inside of the first upper molded part 50, as shown in the Figure 6a shown, a protrusion 503 is present to form a first depression 240 in the area of ​​the front 20 of the support layer 2 for receiving a lighting element 41 ( Figure 6bA second recess 241 for receiving another lighting element 41 is located in the support layer 2 immediately adjacent to the injection channel 25. Due to the immediate arrangement of this additional lighting element 41 next to the injection channel 25, light can be coupled directly into the paint and transmitted through the injection channel 25 to the visible side of the paint layer 1. The support layer 2 therefore does not necessarily have to be transparent or translucent, but could also be opaque.

[0144] After demolding the hardened component ( Figure 6c ) the sprue point 12, which has formed in the area of ​​the injection opening 541, can be cut off (dashed line), or used, for example, to arrange another lighting element 41.

[0145] For example, using a laser, volume structures 17 can be provided within the paint layer 1 after the component has been demolded, in order to effect a targeted redirection of light within the paint layer 1 towards the visible side 13. The volume structures 17 can be arranged, in particular, in the areas immediately adjacent to a light element 41. Volume structures 17 can also be formed within the injection molding channel 25.

[0146] A fifth embodiment of a backlit component according to the invention is described in the Figure 7 shown, with further possible variants illustrated by means of dashed lines.

[0147] The paint layer 1 of the component of the Figure 7is preferably opaque and has several openings 18 to allow light from the supporting layer 2 outwards towards the viewer. The openings 18 can each, individually or together, form one or more symbols. In addition, the openings 18 can, as shown in the Figure 7 As shown, each opening is conically shaped, whereby the opening formed by the respective opening 18 can widen or narrow towards the visible side.

[0148] Optionally, volume structures 231 can be provided inside the transparent or translucent support layer 2 for the purpose of targeted light redirection. In particular, the volume structures 231 can each be arranged directly below an opening 18 and thus redirect the light directly towards one of the openings 18.

[0149] The paint layer 1 can be covered by a removable protective film 93 from the manufacturing stage until the component is used in the final product to protect it from mechanical and chemical influences.

[0150] On the reverse side, the load-bearing layer 2 of the in the Figure 7 The component shown has retaining elements 26 in the form of rearward-extending spring hooks. These retaining elements 26 serve to attach a housing 31 to the support layer 2 from the rear by means of a snap-fit ​​connection. The housing 31 is preferably opaque.

[0151] The housing 31 and the support layer 2 define a cavity in which a light guide 82, a diffuser 81, and a light element 41 are housed. The light element 41 is positioned directly adjacent to the light guide 82, so that the light emitted by the light element 41 is coupled directly into the light guide 82. Within the light guide 82, the coupled light is guided and distributed until it is coupled out by light deflection structures in the form of surface structures 820 towards the viewing side and into the diffuser 81, which is directly adjacent to the light guide 82. Inside the diffuser 81, the coupled light rays are scattered multiple times and then pass through the aforementioned cavity into the support layer 2. This scattering within the diffuser 81 results in particularly uniform illumination of the component.

[0152] The power supply to the lighting element 41 is provided by means of a power supply cable 410, which is led to the outside through a cable opening 311 provided on the housing 31.

[0153] To attach the component to a vehicle structure, such as the chassis, one or more fastening elements 310 can be attached to the rear of the housing 31 and, in particular, be formed integrally with it. Alternatively or additionally, a plastic protective layer 92 can be injection-molded onto the outside of the housing 31, which can serve, in particular, as a seal for the component. One or more fastening elements 310 can also be attached to the plastic protective layer 92 and, in particular, be formed integrally with it.

[0154] In the Figures 8a to 8i A particularly preferred method for manufacturing a component according to the invention is shown. The component, which is manufactured using the material described in the Figures 8a to 8iThe process shown can be used, for example, as described in the Figure 8i The component shown must be designed accordingly. This is generally the case in the... Figures 8a to 8i The manufacturing process shown is also used to manufacture all the products listed in the... Figures 1 to 7 applicable to the components shown.

[0155] The injection mold, which is used in the Figures 8a to 8i The manufacturing process shown comprises a first upper mold part 50, a first lower mold part 51, and a rotating core 58 arranged between them. The entire production of the component can thus be accomplished with these three elements of the injection mold. In particular, it is not necessary to exchange the first upper mold part 50 with another upper mold part, or the first lower mold part 51 with another lower mold part, or the rotating core 58 with another rotating core.

[0156] While a first cavity 52 is formed between the first lower mold part 51 and the turning core 58, the first upper mold part 50 and the turning core 58 together define a second cavity 55, which is somewhat more voluminous in its empty state compared to the first cavity 51. Figure 8a shows the initial state after closing the injection mold.

[0157] After the closure of the first cavity 52, as described in the Figure 8b shown, for the formation of the base layer 2 ( Figure 8i A transparent or translucent plastic material 550 is injected laterally into the first cavity 52 via an injection port 515 using a first injection device 60. The injection port 515 extends through the lower molded part 51.

[0158] By means of appropriately provided structures on the first lower molded part 51 or, as in the Figure 8bAs shown, light-deflecting structures in the form of surface structures 232 can be created on the turning core 58 during the production of the support layer 2. Alternatively or additionally, the first lower molded part 51 and / or the turning core 58 can have a transparent area 516 or 580 respectively (see Figure 8a ), within which a laser device 70 is arranged to generate light deflection structures inside or on one of the surfaces of the support layer 2 using a laser beam 71. With such an arrangement of the laser device 70, the light deflection structures can be generated either before the plastic material in the first cavity 51 has fully cured or only afterward.

[0159] After the base layer 2 has hardened, the first upper molded part 50 and the lower molded part 51 are formed, as shown in the Figure 8cThe figure is shown, removed from the turning core 58. The support layer 2 remains attached to the turning core 58, which may be particularly favored by a slight shrinkage of the support layer 2 during the curing process.

[0160] After removing the lower mold part 51 from the turning core 58, additional light deflection structures can optionally be generated inside or on one of the surfaces of the support layer 2 using a laser device 70 held on a robot arm 72. For this purpose, the laser device 70 can be moved by the robot arm 72 into the space between the lower mold part 51 and the turning core 58.

[0161] As a next step, the reversible core 58 is rotated by 180°, as described in the Figure 8d indicated by an arrow. The support layer 2, together with the turning core 58, is thus rotated so that it faces directly towards the first upper molded part 50.

[0162] The injection mold is then, as described in the Figure 8eAs shown, the first upper molded part 50 and the first lower molded part 51 are moved towards the turning core 58. A first cavity 52 is thereby formed again between the lower molded part 51 and the turning core 58, which can be filled with a plastic material to produce the support layer 2 of another component. A second cavity 55 is formed between the first upper molded part 50 and the turning core 58, or more precisely, the support layer 2, in the area of ​​the front of the support layer 2.

[0163] To form a lacquer layer 1 (see Figure 8i ) will now, as stated in the Figure 8fAs shown, a transparent or translucent lacquer 551 is injected into the second cavity 55 by means of a second injection device 61 through an injection opening 501. The front side of the support layer 2 is thereby flooded by the lacquer 551. The injection opening 501 extends through the first upper molded part 50.

[0164] Light deflection structures can be generated inside or on the surface of the lacquer 551 during and / or after the curing process using a laser device 70. The first upper molded part 50 can have a transparent area 502 within which the laser device 70 is located. Alternatively or additionally, the laser device 70 can be used to create light deflection structures inside or on the surface of the lacquer 551 during the curing process and / or afterwards. Figure 8fThe laser device 70 shown can also be used to generate light deflection structures through the coating 551 inside the support layer 2 and / or on one of its surfaces. In this way, for example, light deflection structures could be produced in the support layer 2 during the production of the coating layer 1.

[0165] Simultaneously with the first coat of paint, the following can be done in the Figure 8f In the process step shown, the support layer 2 of another component is produced in the first cavity 52 by injecting a plastic material into the first cavity 52 via the injection port 515. In this way, a large number of components can be produced very efficiently in parallel processes.

[0166] The curing of the base layer 2 produced in the first cavity 52 and the paint layer 1 produced in the second cavity 55 can then take place simultaneously ( Figure 8g ).

[0167] Once the base layer 2 and the paint layer 1 have cured, the injection mold is opened ( Figure 8h ) and the component located between the first upper mold part 50 and the turning core 58 is demolded. After the component is removed from the injection mold, it can be irradiated with a laser beam 71 by means of a laser device 70 to form further light deflection structures in the support layer 2 and / or in the paint layer 1.

[0168] The finished component is finally in the Figure 8iThe diagram shows a support layer 2 with a light-deflecting structure on the back, in the form of a surface structure 232. The entire front surface of the support layer 2 is covered by a lacquer layer 1. A light element 41 is arranged laterally to the support layer 2 to couple light rays into the support layer 2. The light rays pass through the support layer 2 into the lacquer layer 1 and from there to the viewer. For targeted light deflection, further light-deflecting structures in the form of volume structures 17 can be produced inside the lacquer layer 1 using a laser device 70 and a laser beam 71. The surface structure 232 and / or the volume structures 17 can form symbols together or individually.

[0169] The present invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described above, but a multitude of variations are possible. Thus, the different aspects regarding the Figures 1 to 8i The elements of the various embodiments described above are, for example, interchangeable or replaceable. Many of the features of these embodiments can even be omitted entirely. For example, the support layer 2 does not necessarily have to be manufactured by injection molding; a prefabricated element could also be used. Instead of the reversible core 58, the following could be used in the Figures 8a to 8iThe described process can also utilize a sliding table or rotary unit to increase efficiency in component manufacturing. The light-deflecting structures can also be produced using methods other than those specified, such as embossing. Furthermore, in addition to light-deflecting structures designed for targeted light redirection, structures can also be used to deflect light indiscriminately, for example, to create a diffuser effect. Numerous other variations are possible. REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0170] 1 paint layer 242 Third in-depth study 10 Opaque lacquer layer 25 Injection channel 11 Transparent lacquer layer 26 retaining element 12 Casting point 13 visible side 30 edge 14 back 31 Housing 15 front side 310 Fastening element 16 Surface structure 311 Cable opening 17 Volume structure 32 Adhesion promoter 18 breakthrough 33 film 2 base layer 40 circuit board 20 front 400 Positioning element 21 back 41 Lighting element 22 front side 410 Power supply cable 230 Interface structure 231 Volume structure 50 First upper molded part 2310 thickening 500 Surface structure 2311 banner 501 Injection opening 232 Surface structure 502 Transparent area 240 First in-depth study 503 Survey 241 Second in-depth study 51 First lower molded part 510 Survey 580 Transparent area 511 Protection survey 512 in-depth 60 First injection device 513 Movable molded part element 61 Second injection device 514 Vacuum channel 515 Injection port 70 Laser device 516 Transparent area 71 laser beam 52 First cavity 72 robot arm 520 plastic material 80 sensor 53 Second upper molded part 81 diffuser 54 Second lower molded part 82 light guide 540 seal 820 Surface structure 541 Injection port 55 Second cavity 90 protective layer 550 plastic material 91 plastic layer 551 paint 92 Plastic protective layer 93 protective film 56 Third upper molded part 560 Injection port α angle 561 Surface structure D thickness 57 Third cavity T depth 570 paint d diameter h Height 58 Reversible core

Claims

1. A backlightable component, comprising a support layer (2); a lacquer layer (1) attached to the support layer (2), which is translucent or transparent at least in some areas, and which forms a visible side (13) of the component at least in some areas; at least one lighting element (41) for backlighting the component; and one or more light deflection structures (16, 17, 230, 231, 232), wherein the one or more light deflection structures (16, 17, 230, 231, 232) are adapted to deflect the light emitted by the at least one lighting element (41) in a targeted manner in one or more specific directions or in one or more specific directional regions towards the visible side (13), characterized in that the one or more light deflection structures (16, 17, 230, 231, 232) are arranged in the region of the support layer (2), and in that the support layer (2) is at least partially translucent or transparent.

2. The backlightable component according to claim 1, wherein the refractive indices of the support layer (2) and the lacquer layer (1) differ by at least 0.001 to at most 0.3.

3. The backlightable component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lacquer layer (1) is opaque at least in some areas.

4. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lacquer layer (1) and / or the support layer (2) and / or the one or more light deflection structures (16, 17, 230, 231, 232), as seen from the visible side (13), form one or more symbols.

5. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein both the support layer (2) and the lacquer layer (1) are produced by injection molding.

6. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lacquer layer (1) is attached directly to the support layer (2), in particular is sprayed on.

7. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support layer (2) has a front side (20) facing the visible side (13), which is covered by the lacquer layer (1) by at least 20 percent, preferably by at least 50 percent, most preferably by at least 95 percent.

8. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, which has an opaque edge (30).

9. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support layer (2) comprises reinforcing fibers which are preferably designed to be light-conducting.

10. The backlightable component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more light deflection structures (17, 231) are arranged within the translucent or transparent area of the support layer (2) and / or the lacquer layer (1).

11. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more light deflection structures (16, 230, 232) are arranged on a surface (13, 14, 20, 21) of the lacqer layer (1) and / or the support layer (2).

12. The backlightable component according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an additional part, such as in particular a foil (33) or an electronic component (40, 41, 80), which is arranged within the lacquer layer (1) or the support layer (2) or between the lacquer layer (1) and the support layer (2) and is preferably at least partially, in particular completely, overmolded by the material of the support layer (2) or the lacquer layer (1).

13. A method for producing a component according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least the steps of: - application of a lacquer layer (1) to a support layer (2) to form a visible side (13) of the component, at least in some areas; - provision of at least one lighting element (41) for backlighting the component; and - provision of one or more light-deflection structures (16, 17, 230, 231, 232) in the region of the support layer (2) in order to deflect the light emitted by the at least one lighting element (41) in a targeted manner in one or more specific directions or in one or more specific directional regions towards the visible side (13), wherein the lacquer layer (1) and the support layer (2) are at least partially translucent or transparent.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the one or more light deflection structures (16, 230, 232) are produced by means of a laser (70) or by injection molding together with the support layer (2) or the lacquer layer (1).