SPRAYABLE COMPOSITION CONTAINING DIAMOND OILS SUITABLE FOR REVERSIBLE SURFACE COATING

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a sprayable composition containing diamondoids suitable for the reversible coating of surfaces.

[0002] DE 10 2017 005 172 A1 describes an agent for the reversible surface modification of optically incompatible objects for temporary matting, sealing and preservation for optical measurements, wherein at least one thin optically active layer with largely uniform spectral reflectance and scattering power is applied to the surface of the object to be examined and wherein the agent used for this purpose is removed automatically and without residue in a relatively short time after application due to its volatility, wherein the agent has the hydrocarbon adamantane or derivatives produced from adamantane as an essential component.

[0003] The subsequently published DE 10 2017 010 280 A1 describes a means for the reversible, temporary matting or whitening of objects that are difficult or impossible to measure optically, with reflection, gloss, absorption, color contrast and / or disturbing textures and / or open porous material structures, for the temporary optical sealing and creation of good measuring conditions on the surfaces to be probed with light, wherein the means contains adamantane as a component of a mixture of substances with cyclohexane.

[0004] The disadvantage of the agents described in DE 10 2017 005 172 A1 is that they do not describe a sprayable spray or aerosol can filling in which adamantane or derivatives produced from adamantane or diamantane are dissolved in high concentrations at room temperature in a composition comprising hydrocarbons gaseous at room temperature, which are also referred to below as propellants, which can be sprayed onto surfaces in the form of an aerosol to form a homogeneous, uniform reversible coating. Insert page 1a here>

[0005] Adamantane or diamantane can be dissolved in only small amounts of < 3 wt.% in acetone or alcohols such as ethanol. Higher adamantane or diamantane concentrations of ≥ 3 wt.%, which are homogeneously dissolved at room temperature in a composition comprising hydrocarbons gaseous at room temperature, also referred to below as propellants, exhibit no phase separation, and can be sprayed as an aerosol, are not yet known.

[0006] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a composition containing diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative and having a propellant, in particular in the form of a spray can filling, for spraying surfaces, by means of which a homogeneous, reversible surface coating can be applied, which, for example, is easily removable by thermal action or even sublimates from the surface on its own after a predetermined period of time without leaving any residue or almost without leaving any residue, ie > 99% by weight, based on the diamondoids and / or diamondoid derivative applied to the surface.

[0007] This object is achieved according to the invention by a sprayable composition according to claim 1.

[0008] The subclaims describe preferred embodiments of the composition according to the invention and of its use.

[0009] To achieve the object of the present invention, a composition is provided containing the components: a) ≥ 25 wt.% to ≤ 90 wt.% of at least one hydrocarbon which is gaseous at 23°C and is selected from the group of C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbons; b) ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% of at least one cycloalkane selected from the group of diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative thereof; and c) at least one solvent component which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol and / or C 5 to C 8 hydrocarbon; wherein the percentages by weight are based on the total weight of the composition and components a), b) and c) are selected such that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100% by weight.

[0010] The room temperature feature, unless otherwise stated, refers to a temperature of 23° C.

[0011] Relative to the hydrocarbons of the composition according to the invention, the weight fraction of adamantane is lower than the weight fraction of the other hydrocarbons, so that the weight fraction of adamantane is not a significant weight fraction.

[0012] Component a) is also referred to as propellant gas.

[0013] The invention is therefore based on the surprising finding that a composition containing at least one cycloalkane selected from the group of diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative thereof on the one hand, and a propellant gas as carrier medium containing at least one hydrocarbon which is gaseous at 23°C and is selected from the group of C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbons, and furthermore a solvent component which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol and / or C 5 to C 8 hydrocarbon, can serve as a filling for spray cans.

[0014] It has further been surprisingly found that the composition according to the invention can contain higher concentrations of ≥ 3 wt. % to ≤ 20 wt. % diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, based on the total weight of the composition, dissolved at 23° C., without this composition having to be heated before spraying or for spraying in order to spray the higher concentrations of ≥ 3 wt. % to ≤ 20 wt. % diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative. Previously known compositions had to be heated in order to obtain higher diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative concentrations, in particular adamantane, in order to increase the solubility. In other words, in the case of the solutions known in the art containing diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, such a solution had to be heated in order to completely or homogeneously dissolve higher concentrations of diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, in a solution.The advantage of the composition according to the invention is that it contains a high concentration of diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, which is completely or homogeneously dissolved at room temperature, resulting in a sprayable composition that can be sprayed at room temperature. Therefore, no further heat exposure is required to achieve, for example, a higher, completely or homogeneously dissolved adamantane concentration of ≥ 3 wt.%, preferably ≥ 5 wt.%. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that this composition containing a higher concentration of ≥ 3 wt.% diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, dissolved can be sprayed as an aerosol at room temperature without prior heating and forms a homogeneous, reversible surface coating on surfaces.

[0015] The composition according to the invention can even be sprayed at lower temperatures, for example 15°C, without having to heat the composition and without diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, precipitating from the sprayable composition according to the invention.

[0016] It has surprisingly been found that the composition according to the invention can be sprayed in a temperature range from greater than or equal to -10°C to less than or equal to +50°C. Thus, the composition according to the invention is advantageously also particularly suitable for applications in which prior temperature adjustment is not possible. Advantageously, it is a cold spray system that does not require heating prior to use.

[0017] It has surprisingly been found that, due to the particularly high achievable concentrations, the resulting surface coatings remain on the surface for a particularly long time, as a particularly thick coating is possible. Thus, the composition according to the invention is also advantageously suitable for coating particularly large areas.

[0018] It has been found particularly advantageous that the proportion of acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol, and / or C 5 to C 8 hydrocarbon allows for improved wetting of the surface sprayed with the composition according to the invention with diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative. Consequently, the composition, which is sprayable at room temperature, not only exhibits higher diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative concentrations, especially adamantane, but also improves the wettability of the sprayed surface.

[0019] The term "reversible" in the context of this description means that the surface coating produced using the composition according to the invention sublimates from the surface, for example, by thermal treatment and / or after a predetermined time, without leaving any residue, or almost without leaving any residue, i.e., > 99 wt.%, based on the diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative applied to the surface. Therefore, no special measures are required to remove the sprayed-on coating.

[0020] It has further been advantageously found that by means of the composition according to the invention a high concentration of ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative can be sprayed onto a surface as an aerosol.

[0021] It has further been advantageously found that the composition according to the invention sprayed as an aerosol forms a reversible surface coating with a homogeneous distribution of the diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative.

[0022] It has further been advantageously found that the composition according to the invention containing diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative sprayed as an aerosol forms a reversible surface coating with a very small layer thickness.

[0023] It has further been advantageously found that the composition according to the invention containing diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative when sprayed as an aerosol forms a closed, white, reversible surface coating.

[0024] Further advantages of the sprayable composition are faster application compared to painting and printing, easier handling, higher coverage, and emptying of the spray can with no or almost no residue.

[0025] Another advantage is the prolonged sublimation time due to the higher concentration of diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative in the composition according to the invention.

[0026] Additives such as pigments, dyes or other colored substances that easily oxidize, are destroyed by chemical reaction and / or sublimate due to the action of light and heat may additionally be added to the composition according to the invention.

[0027] The coating obtainable by spraying the composition according to the invention exhibits very good spectral reflectance and scattering power. Thus, the coating obtainable using the composition according to the invention is very well suited for optical surface measurements, for example, for optical 3D scanning and for the investigation of surface quality or surface defects.

[0028] According to another composition suitable according to the invention, it contains the components: a) ≥ 25 wt.% to ≤ 90 wt.% of at least one hydrocarbon which is gaseous at 23°C and is selected from the group of C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbons; b) ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% of at least one cycloalkane selected from the group of diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative thereof; and c) at least one solvent component which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol and / or C 5 to C 8 hydrocarbon; wherein the percentages by weight are based on the total weight of the composition and components a), b) and c) are selected such that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100% by weight; and wherein component b) is completely dissolved in the composition at 23°C.

[0029] The subject matter of the present invention is further explained with reference to the following embodiments.

[0030] Preferably, the composition according to the invention can contain ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 55 wt.% of the at least one solvent component. Component a)

[0031] The inventive The composition comprises component a), which is at least one hydrocarbon which is gaseous at 23°C and is selected from the group of C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbons.

[0032] According to a further embodiment, component a) may comprise a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane.

[0033] Component a) can preferably make up ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 80 wt.% of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, preferably ≥ 35 wt.% to ≤ 75 wt.% of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, more preferably ≥ 40 wt.% to ≤ 70 wt.% of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane and furthermore preferably ≥ 45 wt.% to ≤ 70 wt.% of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, and particularly preferably ≥ 50 wt.% to ≤ 80 wt.% of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane.

[0034] Component a) is a propellant gas. Component a) propane can be n-propane, isopropane, or a mixture of n-propane and isopropane, with a mixture of propane and isopropane being preferred.

[0035] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component a) with: ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, preferably ≥ 40 wt.% to ≤ 50 wt.% and particularly preferably ≥ 42 wt.% to ≤ 47 wt.% propane, where propane is an n-propane, an isopropane or a mixture of n-propane and isopropane, preferably propane is an isopropane; ≥ 40 wt.% to ≤ 70 wt.%, preferably ≥ 50 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, and particularly preferably ≥ 52 wt.% to ≤ 57 wt.% butane, where butane is an n-butane, an isobutane, a tert-butane or a mixture of at least n-butane, isobutane and / or tert-butane, and preferably a mixture of n-butane and isobutane.

[0036] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component a) with: ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, preferably ≥ 40 wt.% to ≤ 50 wt.% and particularly preferably ≥ 42 wt.% to ≤ 47 wt.% propane, where propane is an n-propane, an isopropane or a mixture of n-propane and isopropane, preferably propane is an isopropane; ≥ 40 wt.% to ≤ 70 wt.%, preferably ≥ 50 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, and particularly preferably ≥ 52 wt.% to ≤ 57 wt.% n-butane; ≥ 0.1 wt.% to 5 wt.%, preferably ≥ 0.5 wt.% to ≤ 2.5 wt.%, and particularly preferably ≥ 0.75 wt.% to ≤ 1.25 wt.% isobutane. Component b)

[0037] The composition according to the invention comprises component b), which comprises at least one cycloalkane selected from the group of diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative thereof.

[0038] According to a further embodiment, component b) may comprise a diamondoid selected from the group consisting of adamantane, iceane (C 12 H 18 ), BC-8 (C 14 H 20 ), diamantane (C 14 H 20 ), triamantane (C 18 H 24 ), isotetramantane (C 22 H 28 ), pentamantane (C 26 H 32 ) and super-adamantane (C 30 H 36 ), with adamantane being most preferred as component b).

[0039] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component b) a diamondoid derivative, preferably 1-adamantole.

[0040] According to a further embodiment, the composition can comprise component b) with: ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 18 wt.%, preferably ≥ 3.5 wt.% to ≤ 16 wt.%, more preferably ≥ 4 wt.% to ≤ 14 wt.%, furthermore preferably ≥ 4.5 wt.% to ≤ 12 wt.%, and most preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 11 wt.% of at least one diamondoid selected from the group comprising adamantane, iceane (C 12 H 18 ), BC-8 (C 14 H 20 ), diamantane (C 14 H 20 ), triamantane (C 18 H 24 ), isotetramantane (C 22 H 28 ), pentamantane (C 26 H 32 ) and super-adamantane (C 30 H 36 ) and / or at least one Diamondoid derivative, preferably 1-adamantole, with adamantane being most preferred as component b). Component c)

[0041] The composition according to the invention comprises component C), which has at least one solvent component which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol and / or C 5 to C 8 hydrocarbon.

[0042] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) acetone, pentane, ethanol and / or isopropanol.

[0043] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 0.1 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, ≥ 1 wt.% to ≤ 55 wt.%, preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 50 wt.%, more preferably ≥ 10 wt.% to ≤ 45 wt.%, furthermore preferably ≥ 15 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.%, particularly preferably ≥ 20 wt.% to ≤ 35 wt.%, at least a solvent component, which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C 1 to C 4 alcohol and / or Cs to Cs hydrocarbon.

[0044] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 0.1 wt.% to ≤ 60 wt.%, ≥ 1 wt.% to ≤ 55 wt.%, preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 50 wt.%, more preferably ≥ 10 wt.% to ≤ 45 wt.%, furthermore preferably ≥ 15 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.%, particularly preferably ≥ 20 wt.% to ≤ 35 wt.%, of at least one solvent component which is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising preferably acetone, pentane, ethanol and / or isopropanol.

[0045] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 1 wt% to ≤ 55 wt% acetone, preferably ≥ 5 wt% to ≤ 50 wt% acetone, more preferably ≥ 10 wt% to ≤ 45 wt% acetone, furthermore preferably ≥ 15 wt% to ≤ 40 wt% acetone, particularly preferably ≥ 20 wt% to ≤ 35 wt% acetone, and most preferably ≥ 30 wt% to ≤ 35 wt% acetone.

[0046] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 1 wt% to ≤ 50 wt% ethanol, preferably ≥ 5 wt% to ≤ 45 wt% ethanol, more preferably ≥ 10 wt% to ≤ 40 wt% ethanol, furthermore preferably ≥ 15 wt% to ≤ 35 wt% ethanol, particularly preferably ≥ 20 wt% to ≤ 30 wt% ethanol, and most preferably ≥ 20 wt% to ≤ 25 wt% ethanol.

[0047] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 1 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% propanol, preferably ≥ 2 wt.% to ≤ 25 wt.% propanol, more preferably ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% propanol, furthermore preferably ≥ 4 wt.% to ≤ 15 wt.% propanol, particularly preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 10 wt.% propanol, and most preferably ≥ 10 wt.% to ≤ 12 wt.% propanol, wherein the propanol is preferably n-propanol and / or isopropanol and preferably isopropanol.

[0048] According to a further embodiment, the composition may comprise component c) with: ≥ 1 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% pentane, preferably ≥ 2 wt.% to ≤ 25 wt.% pentane, more preferably ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% pentane, furthermore preferably ≥ 4 wt.% to ≤ 15 wt.% pentane, particularly preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 10 wt.% pentane, and most preferably ≥ 10 wt.% to ≤ 12 wt.% pentane, wherein the pentane is preferably an n-pentane and / or isopentane and preferably n-pentane. Pressure

[0049] According to a further embodiment, the composition may be pressurized. For the purposes of this description, pressurized means that the composition is under a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. The pressure specified for the pressurized composition in kPa refers to a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure. The terms "under pressure" and "pressurized" are used interchangeably.

[0050] According to a further embodiment, the pressurized composition is subjected to a pressure of ≥ 100 kPa to ≤ 1000 kPa, preferably of ≥ 200 kPa to ≤ 800 kPa, more preferably of ≥ 300 kPa to ≤ 600 kPa, and particularly preferably of ≥ 400 kPa to ≤ 500 kPa.

[0051] It has been found that by applying pressure to the composition according to the invention in the range of ≥ 400 kPa to ≤ 500 kPa, one can achieve both a high concentration of dissolved diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivatives thereof, in particular adamantane, in the composition. At the same time, the composition exhibits very good aerosol formation behavior upon spraying and forms a reversible, very thin, and homogeneous diamondoid coating and / or diamondoid derivative coating thereof, in particular adamantane, on the sprayed surface. This reversible, very thin, and homogeneous coating can also be referred to as a film.

[0052] According to a further embodiment, the composition may be present as a homogeneous and / or clear liquid solution at 23°C. According to a further embodiment, the composition may be present as a homogeneous and / or clear liquid solution at 23°C.

[0053] According to a further embodiment, the composition may be present as a homogeneous and / or clear liquid solution at 23°C and with a pressure of the composition according to the invention in the range of ≥ 400 kPa to ≤ 500 kPa.

[0054] Homogeneous solution in the sense of this invention means that the diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative thereof, in particular adamantane, has dissolved in a uniform concentration distribution at 23°C.

[0055] Clear solution in the sense of this description means that when the solution is inspected with the naked eye of an observer, no agglomerates or particles are visible in the solution.

[0056] The composition according to the invention forms a reversible surface coating or film on a surface, for example, when sprayed. This reversible surface coating or film removes itself or sublimates.

[0057] This self-removable surface coating or surface film, formed by applying, in particular spraying, the composition according to the invention to a surface, can form a surface coating or surface film preferably with a layer thickness of 0.5 µm to 30 µm, preferably of 1 µm to 25 µm, more preferably of 2 µm to 20 µm, and particularly preferably of 3 µm to 30 µm.

[0058] It is advantageous that the defined solvent composition allows the poorly soluble diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative thereof, in particular adamantane, to be dissolved in high concentrations, so that a very thin layer with a high diamondoid concentration and / or diamondoid derivative concentration thereof, in particular adamantane concentration, can be formed. The concentration and layer thickness can be used to control the residence time up to which the diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative, in particular adamantane, sublimates independently and completely from the surface without residues or sublimates almost residue-free, i.e. > 99 wt.%, based on the diamondoid and / or diamondoid derivative applied to the surface.

[0059] The self-removable surface film or surface coating applied to a surface, for example by spraying, can mattify the surface; preferably, the surface treated in this way can be matt white.

[0060] According to a further embodiment of the invention, a device may comprise the pressurized composition according to the invention.

[0061] According to a further embodiment, this device may preferably be a spray device and preferably a spray can, also called a spray can.

[0062] The composition according to the invention can be used, for example, to form a thin, sublimable coating on surfaces for optical measurements on these surfaces.

[0063] The composition according to the invention can be used, for example, to form a thin, sublimable coating on surfaces of shaped bodies, for tomographic measurement of these shaped bodies.

[0064] The composition according to the invention can further be used, for example, for forming a thin, sublimable coating on surfaces of shaped bodies, for non-destructive material testing (NDT) on surfaces.

[0065] The pressure to which the composition according to the invention is subjected at 23°C is automatically adjusted and results in particular from the amount of propellant gas and the internal volume of the spray bottle or aerosol can filled with the composition according to the invention. The aerosol cans containing a composition according to the invention preferably have an internal pressure of 4 to 5 bar.

[0066] Compositions according to the invention may, for example, comprise: a) ≥ 20 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.% propane, preferably ≥ 22 wt.% to ≤ 38 wt.% propane, more preferably ≥ 24 wt.% to ≤ 34 wt.% propane or also preferably ≥ 28 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% propane, wherein the propane is, for example, an n-propane and / or iso-propane, preferably an n-propane; and ≥ 25 wt.% to ≤ 45 wt.% butane, preferably ≥ 27 wt.% to ≤ 42 wt.% propane, more preferably ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.% butane or also preferably ≥ 28 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% butane, wherein the butane is, for example, an n-butane, iso-butane and / or tert-butane, preferably n-butane; and b) ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 50 wt.% acetone and / or a C 1 to C 4 alcohol, preferably ≥ 32 wt.% to ≤ 48 wt.% acetone and / or a C 1 to C 4 alcohol, more preferably ≥ 34 wt.% to ≤ 44 wt.% acetone and / or a C 1 to C 4 alcohol or also preferably ≥ 38 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.-% acetone and / or a C 1 to C 4 alcohol, wherein the C 1 to C 4 alcohol is preferably ethanol and / or propanol and preferably ethanol; and c) ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% adamantane, preferably ≥ 4 wt.% to ≤ 18 wt.% adamantane, more preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 14 wt.% adamantane or also preferably ≥ 7 wt.% to ≤ 12 wt.% adamantane; . the components are selected so that they do not exceed 100% by weight.

[0067] Compositions according to the invention may also comprise, for example: a) ≥ 20 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.% propane, preferably ≥ 22 wt.% to ≤ 38 wt.% propane, more preferably ≥ 24 wt.% to ≤ 34 wt.% propane or also preferably ≥ 28 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% propane, wherein the propane is, for example, an n-propane and / or iso-propane, preferably an n-propane; and ≥ 25 wt.% to ≤ 45 wt.% butane, preferably ≥ 27 wt.% to ≤ 42 wt.% propane, more preferably ≥ 30 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.% butane or also preferably ≥ 28 wt.% to ≤ 30 wt.% butane, wherein the butane is, for example, an n-butane, iso-butane and / or tert-butane, preferably n-butane; and b) ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% pentane, preferably ≥ 6 wt.% to ≤ 18 wt.% pentane, more preferably ≥ 34 wt.% to ≤ 44 wt.% pentane or also preferably ≥ 38 wt.% to ≤ 40 wt.% pentane, where the pentane is preferably an n-pentane, cyclopentane and / or branched pentane and preferably n-pentane; and c) ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% adamantane, preferably ≥ 4 wt.% to ≤ 18 wt.-% adamantane, more preferably ≥ 5 wt.% to ≤ 14 wt.% adamantane or also preferably ≥ 7 wt.% to ≤ 12 wt.% adamantane; . the components are selected so that they do not exceed 100% by weight.

[0068] The invention further proposes a process for producing the composition according to the invention. The process comprises the following steps: a) Providing the at least one cycloalkane, b) Grinding the at least one cycloalkane to a powder, in particular with a single-shaft comminutor, c) Transferring ≥ 3 wt.% to ≤ 20 wt.% of the powder into an open pressurizable device, in particular into an open spray can, d) Adding the at least one solvent component into the open pressurizable device, e) Closing the pressurizable device with a valve, f) Filling the pressurizable device with ≥ 25 wt.% to ≤ 90 wt.% of the at least one hydrocarbon under pressure, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition and the components are selected such that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100 wt.%, wherein the process is preferably carried out at an ambient temperature in a range of ≥ 15 °C to ≤ 26 °C, in particular ≥ 20 °C to ≤ 23 °C.

[0069] Advantageously, the above-described process allows the composition to be sprayed particularly well. In particular, grinding the at least one cycloalkane allows the at least one cycloalkane to dissolve particularly well in the solvent component.

[0070] The temperature range described above can ensure that at least one cycloalkane dissolves sufficiently in the composition and at the same time does not sublimate excessively.

[0071] Preferably, process steps a) and b) can be carried out directly one after the other. This advantageously ensures that the powder agglomerates very little.

[0072] Preferably, after process step b), in particular in process step c), the powder is treated with ultrasound. This advantageously prevents agglomeration of the powder particularly effectively, resulting in particularly good solubility. Compositions according to the invention

[0073] Compositions suitable according to the invention, for example for spray cans, are given in Examples 1 to 3.

[0074] The value of 0 wt.% isobutane does not exclude traces of isobutane. Traces of isobutane may be present in the composition according to the invention at less than 0.1 wt.%. Example 1

[0075] % by weight Components of the composition 50.0 wt.% Propellant gas (component a) 22.5 wt% n-propane and 27.5 wt% n-butane and 0 wt% isobutane 11.0 wt.% Isopropanol (component c) 33.5% by weight Acetone (component c) 5.5 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 2

[0076] % by weight Components of the composition 67.7% by weight Propellant gas (component a) 30.5 wt% n-propane and 37.2 wt% n-butane and 0 wt% isobutane 24.2 wt.% Ethanol (component c) 8.1 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 3

[0077] % by weight Components of the composition 79.3% by weight Propellant gas (component a) 37.5 wt% n-propane and 43.6 wt% n-butane and 0 wt% isobutane 10.5 wt.% n-pentane (component c) 10.2 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 4

[0078] % by weight Components of the composition 50.0 wt.% Propellant gas (component a) 22.5 wt% isopropane and 26.5 wt% n-butane and 1 wt% isobutane 11.0 wt.% Isopropanol (component c) 33.5 wt% Acetone (component c) 5.5 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 5

[0079] % by weight Components of the composition 67.7% by weight Propellant gas (component a) 30.5 wt% isopropane and 37 wt% n-butane and 0.2 wt% isobutane 24.2 wt.% Ethanol (component c) 8.1 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 6

[0080] % by weight Components of the composition 79.3 wt% Propellant gas (component a) 37.5 wt% isopropane and 43.5 wt% n-butane and 0.1 wt% isobutane 10.5 wt.% n-pentane (component c) 10.2 wt.% Adamantane (component b) Σ 100 wt.% Total weight of the composition Example 7

[0081] To produce a composition according to the invention, adamantane, for example, is provided. Adamantane clumps quickly and can also sublime easily. The process is carried out at room temperature. First, the provided adamantane is ground into a powder using a single-shaft grinder and immediately conveyed to the filling station. 25 g of adamantane are added to each open spray can in an automatic filling system. The adamantane is passed through a funnel. Ultrasound is used to prevent the adamantane powder from clumping. After the open spray can has been filled with the adamantane powder, 25 g of ethanol are added to each open spray can. In the next step, the can is closed with a valve. For example, the valve can be firmly connected to the can using a clinching machine. The spray can is then filled via the valve with 200 g of a mixture of propane and butane.This creates pressure in the can, which allows the composition to be sprayed when activated.

Claims

1. Composition containing the components: a) ≥ 25 % by weight to ≤ 90 % by weight of at least one hydrocarbon that is gaseous at 23°C and is selected from the group of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons; b) ≥ 3 % by weight to ≤ 20 % by weight of at least one cycloalkane selected from the group of diamondoids and / or a diamondoid derivative thereof; and c) at least one solvent component that is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C1 to C4 alcohol and / or C5 to C8 hydrocarbon; whereby the percentages by weight refer to the total weight of the composition and components a), b) and c) are selected such that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100 % by weight.

2. Composition according to Claim 1, whereby component a) is a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane; preferably including ≥ 30 % by weight to ≤ 80 % by weight of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, preferably including ≥ 35 % by weight to ≤ 75 % by weight of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, further preferably including ≥ 40 % by weight to ≤ 70 % by weight of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane and also preferably including ≥ 45 % by weight to ≤ 70 % by weight of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane, and particularly preferably including ≥ 50 % by weight to ≤ 80 % by weight of a mixture of propane, n-butane and isobutane; whereby propane is an n-propane, an isopropane or a mixture of n-propane and isopropane; preferably propane is an isopropane.

3. Composition according to one of Claims 1 or 2, whereby component a) includes: - ≥ 30 % by weight to ≤ 60 % by weight, preferably ≥ 40 % by weight to ≤ 50 % by weight and particularly preferably ≥ 42 % by weight to ≤ 47% by weight of propane, whereby propane is an n-propane, an isopropane or a mixture of n-propane and isopropane; preferably propane is an isopropane; - ≥ 40 % by weight to ≤ 70 % by weight, preferably ≥ 50 % by weight to ≤ 60 % by weight, and particularly preferably ≥ 52 % by weight to ≤ 57 % by weight of n-butane; - ≥ 0.1 % by weight to 5 % by weight, preferably ≥ 0.5 % by weight to ≤ 2.5 % by weight, and particularly preferably ≥ 0.75 % by weight to ≤ 1.25 % by weight of isobutane.

4. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 3, whereby component b) includes: - ≥ 3 % by weight to ≤ 18 % by weight, preferably ≥ 3.5 % by weight to ≤ 16 % by weight, further preferably ≥ 4 % by weight to ≤ 14 % by weight, also preferably ≥ 4.5 % by weight to ≤ 12 % by weight, and most preferably ≥ 5 % by weight to ≤ 11 % by weight of at least one diamondoid selected from the group including adamantane, iceane (C12H18), BC-8 (C14H20), diamantane (C14H20), triamantane (C18H24), isotetramantane (C22H28), pentamantane (C26H32) and super-adamantane (C30H36) and / or at least one diamondoid derivative, preferably 1-adamantanol, whereby adamantane is most preferred as component b).

5. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 4, whereby component c) includes: - ≥ 0.1 % by weight to ≤ 60 % by weight, ≥ 1 % by weight to ≤ 55 % by weight, preferably ≥ 5 % by weight to ≤ 50 % by weight, further preferably ≥ 10 % by weight to ≤ 45 % by weight, also preferably ≥ 15 % by weight to ≤ 40 % by weight, particularly preferably ≥ 20 % by weight to ≤ 35 % by weight, at least one solvent component that is liquid at 23°C and is selected from the group comprising acetone, C1 to C4 alcohol and / or C5 to C8 hydrocarbon, and preferably acetone, pentane, ethanol and / or isopropanol.

6. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 5, whereby component c) includes: - ≥ 1 % by weight to ≤ 50 % by weight of ethanol, preferably ≥ 5 % by weight to ≤ 4 5% by weight of ethanol, further preferably ≥ 10 % by weight to ≤ 40 % by weight of ethanol, also preferably ≥ 15 % by weight to ≤ 35 % by weight of ethanol, particularly preferably ≥ 20 % by weight to ≤ 30 % by weight of ethanol, and most preferably ≥ 20 % by weight to ≤ 25 % by weight of ethanol.

7. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 6, whereby the composition is subject to a pressure of ≥ 100 kPa to ≤ 1000 kPa, preferably of ≥ 200 kPa to ≤ 800 kPa, further preferably of ≥ 300 kPa to ≤ 600 kPa, and particularly preferably of ≥ 400 kPa to ≤ 500 kPa.

8. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 7, whereby the composition is a homogeneous and / or clear liquid solution, and preferably the composition is a homogeneous and / or clear liquid solution at 23°C.

9. Device according a pressurised composition according to one of Claims 1 to 8, whereby the device is preferably a spraying device and preferably an aerosol can.

10. Use of the composition according to one of Claims 1 to 8 to form a thin, sublimable coating on surfaces, for optical measurements on these surfaces.

11. Use of the composition according to Claim 10 for the tomographic measurement of molded parts.

12. Use of the composition according to Claim 10 for non-destructive materials testing (NDT) on surfaces.

13. Method for the production of a composition according to one of Claims 1 to 8, including the steps: a) Provision of at least one cycloalkane, b) Grinding of at least one cycloalkane into a powder, in particular with a single-shaft shredder, c) Transfer of ≥ 3 % by weight to ≤ 20 % by weight of the powder into an open pressurisable device, in particular into an open aerosol can, d) Adding of at least one solvent component into the open pressurisable device, e) Sealing of the pressurisable device with a valve, f) Filling of the pressurisable device with ≥ 25 % by weight to ≤ 90 % by weight of at least one hydrocarbon under application of pressure, whereby the percentages by weight refer to the total weight of the composition and the components are selected such that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100 % by weight, whereby the method is preferably carried out at an ambient temperature in a range from ≥ 15°C to ≤ 26°C, in particular ≥ 20°C to ≤ 23°C.

14. Method for the production of a composition according to Claim 13, whereby after step b) of the method, in particular after step c) of the method, the powder is treated with ultrasound.