METHOD FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF A COMPONENT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE TEST STAND AND COMPONENT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE TEST STAND

Description

[0001] This patent application relates to a method for surface treatment of a component of a motor vehicle test bench and a corresponding component. The method serves to treat the surface of said component in such a way that plastic deformations are generated on the surface, which can be used as an alternative "quasi" roller coating or plate coating or function as such a coating. A wheel of a motor vehicle to be tested can be parked or rolled on such a "coated" surface. The coating increases the surface roughness or the coefficient of friction to prevent the motor vehicle wheel from slipping or spinning during a motor vehicle test procedure. Advantageously, the coating can be applied without additional material application and using conventional tools and machine tools, such as CNC lathes. The heat input into the component is low.

[0002] Coatings for vehicle test bench components are known from the prior art, with the components comprising rollers or plates on which one or more vehicle wheels are placed. For conventional tires on a motor vehicle wheel, it is common practice, according to the prior art, for elevations or protrusions to be applied to the surface of the roller or plate of the vehicle test bench using a welding process. For this purpose, a lathe with a shielded gas welding device can be used, for example, which then applies a hard weld seam in a predetermined pattern to the surface of the roller or plate of the vehicle test bench. It is also known to use a plastic coating for normal tires on a motor vehicle wheel, which is usually applied by hand using a two-component adhesive. For special tires, such as studded tires, so-called "rod rollers" or "rod-shaped" coatings can also be used."Expanded metal sheets" are used, where, for example, bars are welded onto the roll or grooves are milled, i.e., machined, into the roll. Flame-coated rolls are also known for performance test benches. With regard to plate test benches, it is also known from the prior art to apply a plate coating using a liquid anti-slip coating or anti-slip adhesive tape.

[0003] However, the aforementioned known coatings for rollers and plates of a vehicle test bench have disadvantages. With regard to techniques based on welding processes, these include: The weld seam may be uneven, making the end result difficult to reproduce and thus process reliability not guaranteed. When applying weld beads as a hollow roller or plate coating, their sharp edges have a negative impact on the potential damage to the vehicle wheel tire, and the resistance of these weld beads is relatively low, so the roller coating cannot ensure an extended service life.

[0004] Furthermore, with regard to the welding processes, it is disadvantageous that the base material of the plate or roll must be weldable and the weld metal must match the base material, that a high heat input can lead to increased distortion and energy consumption and that toxic fumes can also be generated, which make extraction necessary during the coating process.

[0005] Another disadvantage with plastic coatings is that additional materials are required, such as adhesives, etc., and toxic fumes also require extraction. The complex and vulnerable pretreatment of the base material is also a disadvantage and leads to increased process times.

[0006] DE 20 2012 103409 U1 describes a floor grate with a bottom side and a walkable top side, from which at least one anti-slip means in the form of a raised element protrudes, wherein a drainage element serving exclusively for discharging gases or fluids from the top side and having at least one opening area is arranged adjacent to the raised element.

[0007] CN 209 485 699 U describes a roller suitable for detecting the braking force of winter tires. The roller comprises a cylindrical roller body, wherein rotating roller shafts are fixedly arranged on the left and right side surfaces of the roller body, the center axes of the rotating roller shafts being aligned with the center axis of the roller body, and a plurality of wave-shaped protruding blocks are distributed annularly on the outer peripheral surface of the roller body, extending from the left side surface of the roller body to the right side surface of the roller body. A protruding point space is formed between every two protruding blocks. Each protruding point space is provided with a plurality of protruding points of the same height. All protruding points are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the roller body, and the protruding points are higher than the protruding blocks.The protruding blocks are primarily used to increase the friction coefficient of the roller body, and the protruding points can be embedded in grooves of a winter tire in addition to the friction coefficient of the roller body, so that the winter tire makes better contact with the roller body and the number of times the winter tire slides on the roller body is reduced. In view of the disadvantages outlined above, it is a technical object of the present disclosure to provide a method and a corresponding component that enable improved surface finishing while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[0008] This object is achieved by the appended patent claims. According to a first aspect, a method for surface treatment of a component of a motor vehicle test bench is described. Said component can preferably comprise a plastically deformable material (of sufficient wall thickness) in the area of ​​the surface to be treated. The material is particularly preferably a metallic material or a plastically deformable plastic.

[0009] The method particularly comprises the step of creating a plastic deformation of the material in a partial section of the surface to be machined. The plastic deformation is achieved by indenting the material with a tool. Preferably, the indentation is carried out, and a plastic deformation is thus created in the said partial section of the surface, in such a way that a depression and a raised surface remain plastically deformed in the material. Furthermore, the method typically comprises repeating the aforementioned step at a defined interval.

[0010] The aforementioned, preferably non-cutting process has the advantage that no additional material is required other than the base material of the component, and that commercially available materials that are plastically formable can be used. There is therefore no restriction to weldable metals, and the base material solidifies through work hardening, so that the heat input into the component is very low. By repeating the step of creating plastic deformation of the material several times, a coating can also be produced according to any desired surface processing pattern. This allows maximum flexibility in the execution of the process.The surface deformation produced by repeatedly repeating the production of plastic deformation, which for the application presented here will also be referred to as "coating" (even if no coating in the true sense is present, produced, or carried out, but rather an existing roller surface or a layer of the roller surface is contoured or reworked to create a surface that can be used like the conventional and previously known coatings), is extremely durable, since the raised portions produced, which can also be referred to as noses or the like in the following, are completely filled with material, i.e., they are not hollow. The processing itself can be carried out by a conventional machine tool or CNC machine tool with an appropriate tool and requires no further preparation or equipment, such as, for example,Material pretreatment, extraction of toxic fumes, etc.

[0011] Preferably, the creation of a plastic deformation can be repeated according to a predefined (processing) pattern for the arrangement of the plastic deformations on the surface. As already described above, this allows for the greatest possible flexibility and design freedom with regard to the arrangement of the deformations on the surface to be processed. Thus, the corresponding processing boundary conditions, such as the size of the partial surfaces to be processed, the spacing of the plastic deformations from one another, the geometric arrangement of the plastic deformations from one another, etc., can be positioned and arranged as desired and with regard to the intended use.

[0012] Furthermore, the tool can be held by a machine tool, and the plastic deformation can be generated by means of the machine tool. The machine tool can be a commercially available CNC machine tool or the like, so that the coating can be carried out in an automated and pre-programmable manner according to the method described above.

[0013] Furthermore, the repetition of the step for generating plastic deformation can also be controlled by the machine tool, meaning that moving to a different section of the surface to be machined can also be carried out automatically by the machine tool. For this purpose, a corresponding machining pattern can be specified in a machining program. The production of the coating according to the described process can thus be carried out almost fully automatically and is therefore cost-effective and possible in large quantities.

[0014] Furthermore, the shape or geometry of the plastic deformation can be determined by the selection of the tool. In principle, a wide range of tools can be used for the process described here, which can produce a different form of plastic deformation depending on the shape of the tool head or the basic tool shape. This also further increases the flexibility and design freedom in the production of the coating.

[0015] In addition, the shape or geometry of the plastic deformation can be determined by changing the machining parameters. It should be noted here that this is an option in addition to the shape or selection of the tool for setting or predetermining the shape or geometry of the plastic deformation. The machining parameters mentioned include the speed / steps of the machine tool, its feed, the force applied to the surface, the relative positioning of the tool to the surface / angle of attack of the tool, the penetration depth, the longitudinal movement, etc. Advantageously, the machining parameters can also be changed during a machining process or while the method for producing the coating is being carried out, so that different sub-areas orSections of the surface to be machined can be provided with differently shaped plastic deformations without (significantly) increasing the basic machining effort.

[0016] Furthermore, the method is carried out on a component that is a roller and / or a plate for supporting a vehicle wheel of a vehicle test bench. In the case of a roller, the surface to be machined is the outer surface or part of the outer surface. In the case of a plate, the surface to be machined is at least part of the outer flat surface of the plate, i.e. the surface of a plate to be machined is not located at the edges of the plate. It is assumed that a plate is a three-dimensional component whose length and width are greater than its thickness or height.

[0017] According to a further aspect, a component of a motor vehicle test bench with a surface exhibiting a plurality of plastic deformations is also subjected to stress. Said component is configured to allow one or more motor vehicle wheels to rest or roll on the surface. The plastic deformations are produced using the method described above.

[0018] According to a further aspect, a motor vehicle test bench with one or more components according to the above-described aspect of the present disclosure is also included.

[0019] As already stated above, the present disclosure can eliminate the disadvantages of known coatings from the prior art and offer a variety of technical advantages that lead to an overall improved coating or a method for producing such an improved coating. Character description Short description

[0020] Fig. 1a shows, by way of example, a perspective view of a roller of a vehicle test stand with a machined surface according to the present disclosure. Fig. 1b shows a section Z of the Fig. 1a at 5x magnification. Fig. 2a shows a top view of the roll according to Fig. 1a . Fig. 2b shows a cross section along the line AA in the Fig. 2a . Fig. 2c shows a section Y of the Fig. 2b at 5x magnification. Fig. 3a shows, by way of example, a perspective view of a plate of a vehicle test bench with a machined surface according to the present disclosure. Fig. 3b shows a section Z of the Fig. 3a at 5x magnification. Fig. 4a shows a top view of the plate according to Fig. 3a . Fig. 4b shows a cross section along the line AA in the Fig. 4a . Fig. 4c shows a section Y of the Fig. 4b at 5x magnification. Fig. 5a shows, by way of example, a perspective view of a plate of a vehicle test bench with a machined surface according to the present disclosure. Fig. 5b shows a section Z of the Fig. 5a at 5x magnification. Fig. 6a shows a top view of the plate according to Fig. 5a . Fig. 6b shows a cross section along the line AA in the Fig. 6a . Fig. 6c shows a section Y of the Fig. 6b at 5x magnification. Fig. 7a shows an example according to the present disclosure for a machining tool and a travel path of the machining tool when generating a plastic deformation. Fig. 7b shows an example according to the present disclosure in which the tool is retracted into the surface to be machined. Fig. 8a shows an example according to the present disclosure for another machining tool and a travel path of the machining tool when generating a plastic deformation. Fig. 8b shows an example according to the present disclosure in which the further tool is retracted into the surface to be machined. Detailed description of the characters

[0021] The Figuren 1a-b and 2a-c show a roller 1 of a vehicle test bench, for example for testing vehicle brakes. Basically, rollers 1, such as those shown in the Figuren 1a-b and 2a-c The rollers shown can be used in various vehicle test benches depending on their dimensions and design. Typically, one or more vehicle tires are placed on a roller 1.

[0022] The present disclosure now shows a treatment of the surface 3, referred to here as "coating" 2, which has technical advantages that will become clear from the following description. The coating 2 is composed of a plurality of plastic deformations 10.

[0023] Specifically, the Figur 1a a roller 1 of a vehicle test bench (not shown) with a coating 2. The Fig. 1b shows an enlarged section Z of the coating 2, the specific section in the Fig. 1a indicated by a circle and the letter mark "Z". The Figur 1a further shows that the machining, i.e., the coating 2, is arranged in a central region of the outer surface 3 of the roller 1 in the axial direction of the roller 1, and that on both axial end sides of the outer surface, an area has no coating 2. This unmachined outer surface area 4 is narrower than the area in which the coating 2 is applied, although this can also be designed differently. However, it is preferred that the coating 2 be as wide as the roller or the track of a motor vehicle to be tested (neither shown).

[0024] The Fig. 1b shows the enlarged section of coating 2 at position "Z" in Fig. 1a The magnification here is approximately 5x. As can be seen from the magnification, the coating 2 has a repeated number of similar or preferably identical plastic deformations 10 of the roller 1. For this purpose, the roller 1, or at least one material in the outer diameter region of the roller 1, is a plastically deformable material, particularly preferably a metal. The roller 1 can also be a hollow roller (instead of the solid material roller shown) to save weight.

[0025] The plastic deformations 10 according to Fig. 1a as well as the Fig. 2a supportingly shows, in offset rows into the surface material of the roll 1. The plastic deformations 10 are created by means of a tool 100, 101 (see Figs. 7a,b ) is pushed or pressed into the roller surface, although other forming processes can also be used. To introduce the plastic deformations 10, according to a preferred manufacturing method, a tool 100, 101 is pushed into the material at a shallow angle to the surface to be machined, so that the geometry or shape of the plastic deformation 10 in the direction of impact of the tool 100, 101 initially has a depression 5 in the material surface and subsequently an elevation 6, which is produced by the plastic displacement of the material during an advance of the tool 100, 101.

[0026] In plan view, each plastic deformation 10 has the following Fig. 1 and 2thus approximately the shape of two triangles joined together at a base or of an elongated quadrilateral, whereby the transition from the depression 5 to the elevation 6 can be found approximately in a central area of ​​this basic shape. In the longitudinal section through the plastic deformation 10, which is shown in the Figs. 2b und 2c As shown, it can also be seen that the depression 5 increases in depth in the direction of impact of the tool 100, 101 and the elevation 6 in the direction of impact of the tool 100, 101, starting from a maximum height, continuously decreases to the level of the surface 4 to be reworked. Fig. 2b shows the cross-section through the entire roll 1 at a position in the area of ​​the coating 2, so that it can be seen how a toothed surface is formed in the area of ​​the coating 2. An enlarged section, which is marked with "Y" in Fig. 2b is marked, is further enlarged by the Fig. 2c reproduced.

[0027] The Fig. 2c shows even more clearly a plastic deformation 10 in the section, whereby the depression 5 is clearly visible, which runs continuously descending below the surface level of the unprocessed surface 4. The lowest point of the depression 5 is then abruptly followed by the maximum elevation position of the elevation 6, which then continuously descends from the maximum point to the starting level of the lateral surface 3 of the roller 1 or the unprocessed surface 4. As can be seen from the section of the Fig. 2b Furthermore, the plastic deformation 10 is formed entirely from the material of the roll 1 if it is a solid material roll 1 without different material sections. If a hollow roll is present and / or a roll 1 that has different materials in different sections of the roll 1, it also applies that the plastic deformation 10 is preferably formed exclusively from the material that is arranged in the correspondingly machined outer section of the roll 1 (outer diameter section).

[0028] The Figuren 1 and 2 show plastic deformations 10 offset from each other in rows, which have been introduced into a roll 1. Furthermore, the Figuren 3 and 4a very similar arrangement, whereby here plastic deformations 10 are introduced into the surface of a plate 1a. The plate 1a can also be used in corresponding vehicle test benches to accommodate at least one motor vehicle wheel or tire. The production is also comparable to that described above. Thus, according to Fig. 3a a coating 2 in a central area of ​​the plate 1a on a surface (a flat surface, not the edges), with a side strip of untreated surface 4 left on all four sides. The coating 2 is preferably large enough that the contact patch of a tire can be placed completely on it. Figur 3b then also shows a section of the coating in approx. 5x magnification, which is Fig. 3a circular and marked with the letter "Z".

[0029] The Figur 4a is a top view of plate 1a ( Fig. 4a ), where Fig. 4b a cross-section through the entire plate 1a along the line AA in Fig. 4a the "tooth" profile of the coating 2 can be seen. The approximately 5-fold magnification of a plastic deformation 10 in the area "Y", which is Fig. 4b is marked in a circle, also shows a similar shape as already shown for the Fig. 2c However, the Fig. 4c It also shows that the exact shape is variable and depends on many parameters that can be adjusted quickly and without complexity. For example, the Fig. 4c that the recess 5 is less deep and penetrates less steeply into the material of the roll 1 for approximately the same processing length. The elevation 6 is slightly higher than in Fig. 2c and drops more steeply. This can be specified and reproducibly (and even automated) controlled, for example, by the entry angle of the tool 100, 101, its shape, the machining length in the direction of travel of the tool 100, 101, etc.

[0030] An exemplary shaping of the plastic deformation 10, as shown in the figures described above, leads to an increase in the friction coefficient of the surface, which can prevent slipping or spinning of the tire of the motor vehicle to be tested.

[0031] The forms of the plastic deformation 10 can already be adapted by changing the processing parameters, such as changing the feed, its speed and / or the angle of attack of the tool 100, 101 relative to the surface of the roller 1 or plate 1a.

[0032] The resulting plastic deformations 10 are not hollow, as the aforementioned figures show, and are therefore very durable and resistant to wear. After creating the plastic deformation 10, no further processing step is necessary, so that the manufacturing process for the coating 2 can be carried out quickly, and the roll 1 or the plate 1a is immediately ready for use without the need for any pre- or post-treatment. Toxic fumes or the like are not generated, as is the case with other coating processes.

[0033] Regarding the variability of the manufacturing process, the Figs. 5 and 6 Another variation is shown. Figuren 5a, b and 6a-c each show the same views of plate 1a as the Figuren 3a,b and 4a-c Differences concern the arrangement of the plastic deformations 10 per row, as can be seen particularly from the top view of the Fig. 6a and also the magnification according to Fig. 5b each in comparison to the corresponding Figuren 4a and 3b The plastic deformations 10 for the plate 1a are shown in the Figuren 5 and 6 namely, they were not rotated 180° line by line, but were inserted into the material of plate 1a in the same direction. Only the starting points of the lines are, as in the Figuren 3 and 4 , alternately offset from each other. The offset is particularly evident in the Fig. 6c , in which a protrusion 6' of a plastic deformation 10' can be seen, which lies one row behind the plastic deformation 10 shown in the section. It can be seen that the depression 5 of the plastic deformation 10 shown in the section overlaps with the protrusion 6'. This offset also allows the desired surface coating grip (roughness) to be adjusted very sensitively.

[0034] Regarding the tools 100, 101 there is also a large possible selection and two preferred examples are shown in the Figuren 7 and 8 shown.

[0035] The Figur 7a, b show a ram-shaped tool 100, which here has a truncated cone-shaped tool tip 100a with a flat front section 100b. The Fig. 7a shows an exemplary travel path of the tool 100 using the dashed line, which essentially comprises: moving to a position above the surface of the plate 1a or roll 1, moving to the predefined height above the surface of the plate 1a or roll 1 and then moving into the material with a predefined angle of attack and feed length (if necessary, the speed of the feed, etc. can also be adjusted). The time when the tool 100 has immersed itself in the material at the final position is determined by the Fig. 7b shown as an example. The tool 100 can then be retracted, and another plastic deformation 10 can be produced at a different location using the same steps. The plastic deformations can be reproduced identically in terms of their shape or produced with corresponding preset deviations or deviations that can be selected during machining.

[0036] Furthermore, the Fig. 7b also a possible modification regarding the tool used 100. In the Fig. 7b In this context, the reference numerals "100c" and "6a" indicate that the tool 100 can also have a modified front section 100c, which is designed to break or round off the edge 6a of the pushed-on nose 6 in order to prevent the edge 6a from becoming sharp. This can achieve improved tire protection. The design of the modified front section 100c can be achieved, for example, by a suitable shape, e.g., the shape of the cutting edge, as described above.

[0037] As a further example of the very flexible and precise (pre-)adjustable shape selection with regard to the plastic deformations 10 and the tool selection, the Fig. 8a , b another tool 101 for producing the coating 2 described here. In Fig. 8a an inclined embossing wheel is used as tool 101 with a tooth 101a, as already described for the Fig. 7a described, moved into the material along the dashed path and then rolled out. Fig. 8b shows the point in time at which tooth 101a has penetrated the material the furthest.

[0038] Preferably, the tool 100, 101 is held by a suitable machine tool (not shown), so that the processing steps can be preprogrammed, even up to fully automated execution and repetition. However, the use of a machine tool is only a preferred embodiment, and any other possibility for handling the tool 100, 101 can also be used. Instead of a fully automated process, the processing can be controlled manually or semi-automatically by the user of the machine, e.g., the machine tool. For example, if a flexible deviation in the processing, e.g., individual deformations 10 or the like, is to be enabled during the creation of a "coating" 2.

[0039] As a further example of the highly flexible tool selection and shape selection with regard to plastic deformations 10, a tong or a tong-shaped tool can also be used according to a further alternative, which is not shown here. Such an alternative tool can be used with appropriately configured tips or front sections that can produce at least two deformations simultaneously. This has the additional technical advantage that the reaction forces during forming cancel each other out, and the component holder does not have to absorb these forces.

[0040] Furthermore, an alternative tool can also be provided, which is a roller or is roller-shaped. This is not shown separately in the figures. Such an alternative embodiment regarding the tool selection can then provide the technical advantage that the roller can simultaneously introduce a whole series of plastic deformations 10 into the component surface 3. The roller itself preferably has its own drive, which can control the (roller) rotation depending on the component movement. In a particularly preferred alternative, two counter-rotating rollers can also be used, so that the reaction forces cancel each other out to relieve the load on the component holder.

[0041] It should be noted that in the figures, for the sake of better readability and clarity, not every individual element of the coating 2 has been provided with its own reference symbol, but rather a representative selection has always been given as an example.

[0042] In conclusion, it can be summarized once again that the method described here and the coating 2 produced thereby lead to an abrasion-resistant roller coating or surface treatment which can have the required friction values ​​depending on the intended use and the method can be carried out cost-effectively and reliably. In particular, the advantages are realized that no additional material is required for the production of the coating 2 and any formable material, i.e. not necessarily a weldable metal, can be used. Metals are particularly preferred; however, plastically formable plastics can also be used. Furthermore, the base material is work hardened by the deformation. There is no increased heat input, which could lead to undesired distortion and increased energy consumption.The surface does not require any pre- or post-treatment; and additional devices, such as an extraction device for toxic fumes, are not necessary. Likewise, no chips are produced and the process can be carried out on a commercially available processing machine (not shown) and with appropriate tools. The flexibility of production is extremely high because both the geometry and the shape of the plastic deformations 10 can be adapted by selecting the tool 100, 101 and / or the settings of the processing parameters. For the latter, no tool change is necessary during the production process of the coating 2, so that the production of the coating 2 can be carried out very quickly even with different shapes on a surface 3. The raised areas and noses produced are fully filled, i.e. not hollow, and thus durable.Different orientations of the plastic deformations 10 can also be realized without major effort, for example by changing the direction of travel of the tool 100, 101 when producing the plastic deformations 10. The investment costs for the tools 100, 101 are also low, since no complex tools 100, 101 are required, as is the case, for example, with the . Fig. 7 and 8 It should also be emphasized once again that the method essentially and preferably consists of only a single main step, which comprises carrying out the creation of the plastic deformation 10. This step is repeated as often as desired with regard to the desired processing pattern in order to produce the coating 2 comprising a plurality of plastic deformations 10. 1 roller 1a plate 2 coating 3 outer surface or surface to be machined 4 unmachined surface 5 depression 6 elevation 10 plastic deformation 100, 101 tool

Claims

1. Method for surface machining of a component of a motor vehicle test stand, wherein the component has a plastically deformable material in the region of the surface (3) to be machined, and the component is a roller (1) and / or a plate (1a) for receiving a vehicle wheel, and the surface (3) to be machined of the roller (1) is the outer circumferential surface (3) or a part of the outer circumferential surface (3), and the surface (3) to be machined of the plate is at least a part of one of the outer planar surfaces of the plate (1a), the method comprising: generating a plastic deformation (10) of the material in a partial section of the surface (3) to be machined by pressing in the material using a tool (100, 101) in such a way that the plastic deformation (10) in the partial section comprises a depression (5) and an elevation (6) of the surface (3), and repeating the generation of a plastic deformation (10) in another partial section of the surface (3) to be machined.

2. Method according to Claim 1, wherein the generation of a plastic deformation (10) is repeated according to a predefined pattern for the arrangement of the plastic deformations (10) on the surface (3).

3. Method according to at least one of the preceding patent claims, wherein the tool (100, 101) is held by a machine tool and the generation of the plastic deformation (10) is carried out by means of the machine tool.

4. Method according to at least one of the preceding patent claims, wherein the tool (100, 101) is held by a machine tool, the generation of the plastic deformation (10) is carried out by means of the machine tool and a movement of the tool (100, 101) to another partial region for the repetition of the step for generating a plastic deformation (10) is carried out by the machine tool.

5. Method according to at least one of the preceding patent claims, wherein a shape of the plastic deformation (10) can be determined by the selection of the tool (100, 101).

6. Method according to at least one of the preceding patent claims, wherein a shape of the plastic deformation (10) can be determined by a change in the machining parameters.

7. Component of a motor vehicle test stand having a surface which has a multiplicity of plastic deformations (10), wherein the component is configured to set up a motor vehicle wheel on the surface, and the multiplicity of plastic deformations (10) have been produced by means of the method according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6.

8. Motor vehicle test stand having at least one component according to Claim 7.