METHOD FOR OPERATING A CONSTRUCTION AND / OR THICK SUBSTANCE PUMP FOR CONVEYING CONSTRUCTION AND / OR THICK SUBSTANCE AND CONSTRUCTION AND / OR THICK SUBSTANCE PUMP FOR CONVEYING CONSTRUCTION AND / OR THICK SUBSTANCE

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION AND STATE OF THE ART

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating a construction and / or thick matter pump for conveying construction and / or thick matter and a construction and / or thick matter pump for conveying construction and / or thick matter.

[0002] ES 2 290 897 T3 discloses a device and a method for controlling a slurry pump with two feed cylinders which open into a material feed container via front-end openings and are actuated in push-pull by means of at least one hydraulic reversing pump and a hydraulic drive cylinder controlled by the latter. The device comprises a hydraulically actuated pipe switch arranged within the material feed container, which can be alternately connected on the inlet side to the openings of the feed cylinders and each opens the other opening, and which is connected on the outlet side to a feed line. The device also comprises a device. The drive cylinders are hydraulically connected to one another at one end via a hydraulic line to a connection of the reversing pump and at the other end via a rocking oil line. The device is for reversing the reversing pump and the pipe switch after each piston stroke.The pump-side hydraulic connections of the drive cylinders and the hydraulically operated pipe switch are arranged in parallel branches of a hydraulic circuit fed by the reversing pump. The pipe switch has a position sensor that responds to its pivot position. At least two cylinder switching sensors arranged at a distance from one another on the working cylinders and responding to the passing pistons of the drive cylinders and / or a pressure sensor that responds to the pressure curve at the high-pressure outlet of the reversing pump are provided. The computer-aided reversing device has a control routine that responds to output signals from the position sensor on the one hand and to output signals from the cylinder switching sensors and / or the pressure sensor on the other hand for program-controlled activation of a control process for adjusting the flow rate and direction of the reversing pump as well as a reversing element arranged in the hydraulic branch of the pipe switch.

[0003] EP 1 072 795 A1 discloses a diagnostic system for fluid machinery capable of detecting wasteful energy consumption in the fluid machinery. The diagnostic system comprises first identification means for identifying the characteristics of the fluid machinery represented by flow-head characteristics by inputting prescribed data to the fluid machinery to be diagnosed; second identification means for identifying the operating flow rate or operating pressure of the fluid machinery according to the relationship between the identified characteristics and a measured operating pressure or operating flow rate of the fluid machinery by operating the fluid machinery to be diagnosed and inputting the measured results of the operating pressure (head), operating flow rate, power consumption, or operating current of the fluid machinery during operation;and processing means for calculating variations in the operating flow rate, operating pressure, or power consumption when the rotation speed of the fluid machinery to be diagnosed is varied, and for displaying the calculated results; TASK AND SOLUTION

[0004] The object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a construction and / or slurry pump for conveying construction and / or slurry and a construction and / or slurry pump for conveying construction and / or slurry, each of which has improved properties.

[0005] The invention solves this problem by providing a method having the features of claim 1 and a construction and / or slurry pump having the features of claim 14. Advantageous further developments and / or embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0006] The inventive, in particular automatic, method is provided, designed or configured for, in particular automatically, operating a construction and / or slurry pump for, in particular automatically, conveying construction and / or slurry. The construction and / or slurry pump comprises or has at least one conveying cylinder, at least one conveying piston and a motor system. The conveying cylinder is designed or configured for, in particular directly, receiving and for, in particular directly, discharging construction and / or slurry. The conveying piston is movably arranged, in particular and designed or configured for, in particular directly, suction of construction and / or slurry into the conveying cylinder and for, in particular directly, displacing sucked-in construction and / or slurry out of the conveying cylinder, in particular for conveying construction and / or slurry.The engine system is designed or configured to move the delivery piston, in particular cyclically, in particular for suction and displacement. The method comprises or has the steps: a) determining, in particular automatically determining and / or recording, a, in particular instantaneous or current, required value of a power, in particular an engine power, or a, in particular physical, variable of the engine system corresponding to the power, for moving the delivery piston. b) setting or adapting, in particular automatically setting, a speed value, in particular an engine speed value, of the engine system as a function of the, in particular determined, required value such that a power and / or speed reserve value lies between a, in particular instantaneous orcurrent operating point, in particular an engine operating point, and a characteristic curve, in particular an engine characteristic curve, of the engine system is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value. The operating point is defined by the, in particular determined, required value of the power or size and the, in particular set, speed value. The characteristic curve is defined by maximum values ​​of the power or size and, in particular assigned or associated, speed values. For different speed values, maximum values, in particular of the power or size, are at least partially, in particular completely, different.

[0007] This, in particular the demand-dependent adjustment of the speed value or the adjustment of the speed value such that the power and / or speed reserve value is equal to or greater than the reserve limit, makes it possible to avoid overloading the motor system and / or, in particular, a drop in the speed value, especially when conveying construction and / or high-density material. This thus enables the conveying of construction and / or high-density material with little or no impact, in particular with little or no change in the conveying volume flow.

[0008] In particular, the motor system may be sluggish, in particular, have an inert mass. This can lead to overloading of the motor system and thus a drop in the speed, especially if the speed is not set according to the invention. This can result in impaired conveying of construction and / or high-density material, in particular with a reduced conveying volume flow.

[0009] The engine system may comprise, in particular, an internal combustion engine and / or electric motor system.

[0010] The construction and / or slurry pump can be a mobile construction and / or slurry pump, in particular a car construction and / or slurry pump.

[0011] Building material can refer to mortar, cement, screed, concrete, and / or plaster. Additionally or alternatively, thick matter can refer to sludge.

[0012] The demand value, the speed value, and / or the power and / or speed reserve value can be, in particular, continuously variable or variable. Additionally or alternatively, the speed value can be different or changed or adjusted for a different or changed demand value.

[0013] Depending on the required value, setting the speed value such that the power and / or speed reserve value is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value can comprise, in particular, controlling or regulating the power and / or speed reserve value and / or the operating point with the speed value as a manipulated variable or controlled variable.

[0014] The speed value may be set in such a way that the power and / or speed reserve value need not or cannot be less than the reserve limit value.

[0015] The reserve limit value can be greater than zero. Additionally or alternatively, the reserve limit value can be or become predetermined or predefined, in particular by a user or operator and / or depending on an operating mode of the construction and / or slurry pump and / or depending on a current or instantaneous speed value, in particular of the motor system. In particular, the reserve limit value can be different for different operating modes of the construction and / or slurry pump. For example, the reserve limit value can be small if, in particular, only one boom, in particular a distribution boom, of the construction and / or slurry pump is being operated, in particular and therefore no major fluctuations in performance are to be expected. Additionally or alternatively, the reserve limit value can be different for a different instantaneous speed value. Further additionally or alternatively, the limit value can be referred to as a target value.Furthermore, or alternatively, the reserve limit may be a power and / or speed reserve limit.

[0016] Maximum value can be referred to as the maximum available value or nominal value.

[0017] The operating point can be below and / or to the right of the characteristic curve.

[0018] At least in sections can mean at least 20% (percent), in particular at least 30%, in particular at least 40%, in particular at least 50%.

[0019] The method, in particular step a), can have or comprise: determining, in particular automatically determining and / or detecting, a torque requirement value, in particular a momentary or current, of a torque, in particular an engine torque, or a torque-corresponding, in particular physical, variable of the engine system, in particular for moving the delivery piston. Additionally or alternatively, the method, in particular step b), can have or comprise: depending on the torque requirement value, in particular determined, setting the speed value such that a torque reserve value between a torque operating point, in particular a momentary or current, and a torque characteristic curve, in particular an engine torque characteristic curve, of the engine system is equal to or greater than a torque reserve limit value.The torque operating point is defined by the, in particular determined, torque requirement value of the torque or variable and the, in particular set, speed value. The characteristic curve is defined by maximum values ​​of the torque or variable and, in particular assigned or associated, speed values. For different speed values, maximum values, in particular of the torque or variable, are at least partially, in particular completely, different. This makes it possible to avoid overloading the engine system. In particular, the engine system can have a power take-off and / or a transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the torque reserve value can be continuously, in particular continuously, changeable or variable. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the speed value can be different or changed or set for a different or changed torque requirement value.Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, depending on the torque requirement value, setting the speed value such that the torque reserve value is equal to or greater than the torque reserve limit value can comprise, in particular, controlling or regulating the torque reserve value and / or the torque operating point with the speed value as the manipulated variable or controlled variable. Further, additionally or alternatively, setting the speed value can be such that the torque reserve value does not need to be or cannot be less than the reserve limit value. Further, additionally or alternatively, the torque reserve limit value can be greater than zero. Further, additionally or alternatively, the torque reserve limit value can be predetermined or predefined. Further, additionally or alternatively, the torque operating point can be below and / or to the right of the torque characteristic curve.

[0020] Step b) comprises or includes: setting the speed value such that the power and / or speed reserve value is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value. The further reserve limit value is greater than or equal to the reserve limit value. This enables optimal, in particular efficient, speed value or optimal, in particular energy-efficient and / or wear-optimized and / or noise-emission-optimized operation of the motor system. In particular, the further reserve limit value can be predetermined or specified, in particular by the user and / or depending on the operating mode of the construction and / or slurry pump. In particular, the further reserve limit value can be different for different operating modes of the construction and / or slurry pump. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the further reserve limit value can be or become predetermined or specified, in particular depending on a, in particular the, current orcurrent speed value, especially of the engine system. In particular, the further reserve limit value may be different for a different current speed value.

[0021] In a further development of the invention, the maximum values ​​increase at least partially, in particular completely, for increasing speed values. Thus, the speed value can be increased or adjusted for an increased demand value, and the speed value can be decreased or adjusted for a decreased demand value.

[0022] In particular, the power and / or speed reserve value, in particular the power reserve value, can correspond to, in particular equal to: (maximum value at the, in particular set, speed value requirement value). Additionally or alternatively, the power and / or speed reserve value, in particular the speed reserve value, can correspond to, in particular equal to: (set speed value - speed value for a maximum value equal to the requirement value).

[0023] In a further development, in particular an embodiment of the invention, the power and / or speed reserve value corresponds to, in particular is equal to: (maximum value at the, in particular set, speed value required value) / maximum value at the, in particular set, speed value, and / or (set speed value - speed value for a maximum value equal to the required value) / set speed value. In particular, the reserve limit value corresponds to, in particular is equal to or is at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%. Additionally or alternatively, the further reserve limit value corresponds to, in particular is equal to or is at most 40%, in particular at most 30%, in particular at most 20%.

[0024] In a further development, in particular an embodiment, of the invention, the method comprises or has the step: determining, in particular automatically determining, a, in particular the, instantaneous or current maximum value at a, in particular the, instantaneous or current speed value, in particular of the engine system. Step b) comprises or has: based on the, in particular determined, instantaneous maximum value and the, in particular determined, requirement value, determining, in particular automatically determining and / or calculating, a momentary or current comparison variable value, in particular one, in particular the, instantaneous or current power and / or speed reserve value.Comparing, in particular automatically comparing, the, in particular determined, instantaneous reference variable value with a reference variable limit value at least related to the reserve limit value, in particular, and a further reference variable limit value at least related to the further reserve limit value. Depending on, in particular, a result of the comparison, setting the speed value. This enables the power and / or speed reserve value to be equal to or greater than the reserve limit value, in particular, and equal to or less than the further reserve limit value.

[0025] In a further development, in particular an embodiment, of the invention, the construction and / or slurry pump comprises or has a control device, in particular an electrical one. The control device is separate from the motor system, in particular completely separate. The method comprises or has: determining the required value, in particular and the comparison variable value, if present, and / or setting the speed value by means of the motor system. The method comprises or has: determining, in particular automatically determining and / or calculating, a setting command, in particular a value of the setting command, in particular comparing the comparison variable value with the comparison variable limit value, if present, for setting the speed value by means of the control device. This enables an advantageous distribution of functions or tasks and / or, in particular thus, an advantageous design of the construction and / or slurry pump.In particular, the engine system and / or the control device can each comprise a processor and / or a memory.

[0026] In a further development of the invention, step a) comprises or includes: determining, in particular automatically determining and / or calculating, the required value based on at least one partial variable, in particular a value of the partial variable, of a part of the construction and / or slurry pump. The part is different from the motor system, in particular completely different. This enables the required value to be determined if the required value cannot be determined using the motor system, in particular is, or if the required value cannot be made available using the motor system, in particular is not. In particular, the method can include the step of determining, in particular automatically determining and / or recording, the partial variable.

[0027] In one embodiment of the invention, the construction and / or sludge pump comprises or has a hydraulic drive system. The motor system is designed or configured to move the hydraulic drive system. The hydraulic drive system, in particular at least one drive piston, in particular at least one piston rod, of the hydraulic drive system, is designed or configured to move the delivery piston, in particular for suction and displacement. The partial variable is a drive variable of the hydraulic drive system. Additionally or alternatively, the partial variable is a delivery variable of the delivery piston. Further additionally or alternatively, the construction and / or sludge pump comprises or has an adjustable line switch system. The partial variable is a switch variable of the line switch system. Such a partial variable enables the determination of the required value. In particular, the hydraulic drive system can have at least one drive cylinder.The drive cylinder can be designed to, in particular directly, receive hydraulic fluid, in particular hydraulic oil. The drive piston can be arranged to be movable, in particular longitudinally movable, in the drive cylinder. Additionally or alternatively, the piston rod can be fastened to the drive piston, in particular and the delivery piston, for, in particular directly, coupling movement with or transmitting movement to the delivery piston. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the line switch system can be referred to as a slide system. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the line switch system can have a pipe switch, in particular an S-pipe. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the construction and / or thick matter pump can have a delivery line and a construction and / or thick matter feed, in particular a feed hopper.The line switch system can be designed to connect the conveyor cylinder, in particular either to the conveyor line in one position or to the construction and / or thick material supply in another position for a flow or stream of construction and / or thick material.

[0028] In one embodiment of the invention, the drive variable and / or the delivery variable are / is, in particular each, a stroke or cycle time duration, in particular of a stroke movement or a movement stroke or cycle, and / or a speed of the drive piston, the piston rod and / or the delivery piston. Additionally or alternatively, the drive variable is a drive volume flow. Further additionally or alternatively, the delivery variable is a delivery volume flow, in particular of building material and / or thick material. Further additionally or alternatively, the drive variable is a drive pressure, in particular of hydraulic fluid. Further additionally or alternatively, the delivery variable is a delivery pressure, in particular of building material and / or thick material. In particular, the drive pressure and / or the delivery pressure are / are set, in particular automatically and / or in each case, when conveying building material and / or thick material.Furthermore, or alternatively, the switch variable is an adjustment time, in particular an adjustment, of the line switch system. In particular, the stroke time and / or the speed and / or the adjustment time can be recorded, in particular in each case, by means of a time recording device and / or a position recording device, in particular a path measuring system. Additionally or alternatively, the conveying volume flow can be specified by the user. Furthermore, or alternatively, the drive volume flow can be determined based on the conveying volume flow. Furthermore, or alternatively, the drive pressure and / or the conveying pressure can be recorded, in particular in each case, by means of a pressure recording device. Furthermore, or alternatively, the drive pressure can adjust itself, in particular automatically, depending on the conveying pressure when conveying building material and / or thick material.Furthermore, or alternatively, the drive pressure can be a high drive pressure.

[0029] In a further development of the invention, the required value is a power, in particular a power that is currently or currently called up or delivered or actual power or a variable of the motor system corresponding to the called up power for moving the delivery piston.

[0030] In a further development of the invention, the method comprises: determining, in particular automatically determining, the characteristic curve by means of, in particular, linear interpolation based on, in particular, predetermined, support points. The support points are defined by, in particular, predetermined maximum values ​​and, in particular, predetermined speed values. This enables the determination of the characteristic curve if the characteristic curve cannot be fully known, in particular if it is.

[0031] In a further development of the invention, steps a) and b) are repeated, in particular multiple times and / or automatically, in particular during a stroke movement or a movement stroke or cycle of the delivery piston in the delivery cylinder. This makes it particularly easy to avoid overloading the motor system and / or, in particular, a drop in the speed value.

[0032] In a further development of the invention, step a) comprises or includes: determining the demand value for at least one position, in particular a center position, of the delivery piston along its stroke in the delivery cylinder between its end positions, in particular away from the end positions. This enables the demand value to be representative. Additionally or alternatively, this makes it possible to avoid overloading the motor system and / or, in particular thus, a drop in the speed value at or at the end positions, in particular in each case. In particular, when there is a change in the direction of movement or a change in the direction of movement of the delivery piston at the end positions, in particular in each case, or at a beginning and / or an end of a, in particular the, stroke movement of the delivery piston, the demand value can be increased or have a peak, in particular a power peak, in particular compared to a center or the center position.Since the motor system can be sluggish, in particular have an inert mass, a reaction, in particular a setting of the speed value, only at the end positions, in particular not according to the invention, can be too late. Thus, in particular with a speed value set for the position between the end positions not according to the invention as a function of the required value, this can lead to an overload of the motor system and / or, in particular thus, to a drop in the speed value at or at the end positions, in particular in each case. In particular, far from the end positions can mean closer to the center position than to the end positions. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one position or a quantity corresponding to the position, in particular a physical quantity, can be detected by means of a position detection device, in particular a position measuring system.

[0033] In a further development of the invention, the construction and / or thick matter pump comprises or has a, in particular the, hydraulic drive system. The hydraulic drive system comprises or has an axial piston pump with a variably adjustable swash plate or sliding plate. The motor system is designed or configured to rotate the axial piston pump. The axial piston pump is designed or configured to move the delivery piston, in particular for suction and displacement. This, in particular the demand-dependent adjustment of the speed value or the adjustment of the speed value such that the power and / or speed reserve value is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value, enables an adjustment or reduction of a pivot angle of the swash plate, in particular and thus to avoid impaired delivery of construction and / or thick matter. In particular, the axial piston pump can be used to generate a drive volume flow or- flow, in particular with a drive pressure, of hydraulic fluid for moving, in particular, the drive piston and thus the delivery piston.

[0034] The construction and / or slurry pump according to the invention is designed or configured to pump construction and / or slurry. The construction and / or slurry pump has at least one, in particular the, delivery cylinder, at least one, in particular the, delivery piston, and one, in particular the, motor system. The delivery cylinder is designed to receive and discharge construction and / or slurry. The delivery piston is movably arranged in the delivery cylinder for sucking construction and / or slurry into the delivery cylinder and for displacing sucked-in construction and / or slurry out of the delivery cylinder. The motor system is designed to move the delivery piston. The construction and / or slurry pump is designed to determine a, in particular the, required value of a, in particular the, power or a, in particular the, power-corresponding variable of the motor system for moving the delivery piston.The construction and / or slurry pump is designed to set a, in particular the, speed value of the motor system as a function of the requirement value such that a, in particular the, power and / or speed reserve value between a, in particular the, operating point and a, in particular the, characteristic curve of the motor system is equal to or greater than a, in particular the, reserve limit value. The operating point is defined by the required value of the power or the size and the speed value. The characteristic curve is defined by maximum values ​​of the power or the size and speed values. For different speed values, maximum values ​​are different at least in sections. The construction and / or slurry pump is designed to set the speed value such that the power and / or speed reserve value is equal to or less than a further, in particular the further, reserve limit value. The further reserve limit value is greater than or equal to the reserve limit value.

[0035] The construction and / or slurry pump can provide the same advantages as the previously mentioned or described method.

[0036] In particular, the construction and / or thick matter pump can be designed to carry out the above-mentioned method and / or at least partially or completely as previously mentioned for the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Further advantages and aspects of the invention emerge from the claims and from the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are explained below with reference to the figures. In the figures: Fig. 1 a schematic circuit diagram of a construction and / or thick matter pump according to the invention for conveying construction and / or thick matter by means of a method according to the invention for operating the construction and / or thick matter pump, Fig. 2 a graph of a performance of a motor system of the construction and / or thick matter pump of the Fig. 1 over a speed of the motor system, Fig. 3 a schematic view of a movement of a delivery piston in a delivery cylinder of the construction and / or thick matter pump for conveying construction and / or thick matter, a graph of a required value of the power of the motor system of the construction and / or thick matter pump of the Fig. 1 over a time, a graph of the speed of the motor system over time, and a graph of an acceleration of accelerated masses of the construction and / or thick matter pump, in particular of a hydraulic drive system of the construction and / or thick matter pump, such as hydraulic fluid, a drive piston, a piston rod, a delivery piston and / or construction and / or thick matter, over time, and Fig. 4 a flow chart of the method of Fig. 1 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] Fig. 1 shows a construction and / or thick matter pump 1 according to the invention for conveying construction and / or thick matter BDS.

[0039] Fig. 1 bis 4 show a method according to the invention for operating the construction and / or thick matter pump 1 for conveying construction and / or thick matter BDS.

[0040] The construction and / or slurry pump 1 comprises at least one delivery cylinder 2a, 2b, at least one delivery piston 3a, 3b and a motor system 4. The delivery cylinder 2a, 2b is designed to receive and discharge construction and / or slurry BDS, in particular, receives and discharges, as in Fig. 3 shown. The delivery piston 3a, 3b is movably arranged in the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b for sucking building and / or high-density material (BDS) into the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b and for displacing sucked-in building and / or high-density material (BDS) out of the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b; in particular, it moves and sucks in and displaces. The motor system 4 is designed to move the delivery piston 3a, 3b, in particular, moves it.

[0041] The construction and / or slurry pump 1 is designed to determine a required value P4B of a power P4 or a value corresponding to the power of the motor system 4 for moving the delivery piston 3a, 3b, as shown in Fig. 2 shown, in particular determined. The construction and / or slurry pump 1 is designed to set a speed value n4e of the motor system 4 as a function of the demand value P4B in such a way, in particular, that a power and / or speed reserve value PnR between an operating point BP and a characteristic curve KL of the motor system 4 is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value PnRG.

[0042] The method comprises the steps: a) determining the required value P4B of the power P4 or the power-corresponding variable of the engine system 4 for moving the delivery piston 3a, 3b. b) depending on the required value P4B, setting the speed value n4e of the engine system 4 such that the power and / or speed reserve value PnR between the operating point BP and the characteristic curve KL of the engine system 4 is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0043] The operating point BP is defined by the demand value P4B of the power P4 or the size and the speed value n4e. The characteristic curve KL is defined by the maximum values ​​P4max of the power P4 or the size and the speed values ​​n4. For different speed values ​​n4, the maximum values ​​P4max differ at least in some sections.

[0044] In detail, for increasing speed values ​​n4, the maximum values ​​P4max increase at least in sections.

[0045] Furthermore, step b) comprises: setting the speed value n4e such that the power and / or speed reserve value PnR is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value PnRG'. The further reserve limit value PNRG' is greater than or equal to the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0046] In addition, the power and / or speed reserve value PnR corresponds to: (maximum value P4maxe at the speed value n4e-requirement value P4B) / maximum value P4maxe at the speed value n4e, as in Fig. 2 shown.

[0047] Additionally or alternatively, the power and / or speed reserve value PnR corresponds to: (set speed value n4e-speed value nmax for a maximum value P4max equal to the demand value P4B) / set speed value n4e.

[0048] In particular, the reserve limit PnRG corresponds to a minimum of 2%, in particular a minimum of 5%, in particular a minimum of 10%.

[0049] Additionally or alternatively, the further reserve limit PnRG' shall correspond to a maximum of 40%, in particular a maximum of 30%, in particular a maximum of 20%.

[0050] The method further comprises the step of: determining a current maximum value P4maxact at a current speed value n4act, as in Fig. 1 , 2 and 4 shown. Step b) comprises: based on the instantaneous maximum value P4maxact and the demand value P4B, determining an instantaneous comparison variable value P4B / P4maxact, in particular an instantaneous power and / or speed reserve value. Comparing the instantaneous comparison variable value P4B / P4maxact with a comparison variable limit value P4B / P4maxactG at least related to the reserve limit value PnRG, in particular and a further comparison variable limit value P4B / P4maxactG' at least related to the further reserve limit value PnRG'. Setting the speed value n4e depending on the comparison.

[0051] If or when the current reference value P4B / P4maxact is greater than the reference value limit P4B / P4maxactG, the speed value n4e is increased, in particular set as in Fig. 2 indicated by an arrow AR1 pointing to the right. This allows the power and / or speed reserve value PnR to be equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0052] If or when the current comparison value P4B / P4maxact is smaller than the further comparison value limit P4B / P4maxactG', the speed value n4e is reduced, in particular set as in Fig. 2 indicated by an arrow AR2 pointing to the left. This allows the power and / or speed reserve value PnR to be equal to or less than the further reserve limit PnRG'.

[0053] In addition, the construction and / or slurry pump 1 has a control device 5, as shown in Fig. 1 shown. The control device 5 is different from the engine system 4. The method comprises: determining the required value P4B, in particular the comparison variable value P4B / P4maxact, and / or setting the speed value n4e by means of the engine system 4. The method comprises: determining a setting command n4eB, in particular comparing the comparison variable value P4B / P4maxact with the comparison variable limit value P4B / P4maxactG, for setting the speed value n4e by means of the control device 5.

[0054] In Fig. 4 Above, the required value P4B, in particular and the comparison value P4B / P4maxact, is determined by means of the motor system 4.

[0055] Additionally or alternatively, in particular in Fig. 4 middle and bottom, step a) includes: Determine, in particular calculate as in Fig. 4 shown below by a formula, of the demand value P4B based on at least one part size G6 of a part 6 of the construction and / or thick matter pump 1, in particular by means of the control device 5. The part 6 is different from the motor system 4.

[0056] In detail, the construction and / or thick matter pump 1 has a hydraulic drive system 7.

[0057] The motor system 4 is designed, in particular, to move the hydraulic drive system 7. The hydraulic drive system 7, in particular at least one drive piston 8a, 8b, and in particular at least one piston rod 9a, 9b, of the hydraulic drive system 7, is designed, in particular, to move the delivery piston 3a, 3b. The partial size G6 is a drive size G7 of the hydraulic drive system 7.

[0058] Additionally or alternatively, the partial size G6 is a delivery size G3 of the delivery piston 3a, 3b.

[0059] Additionally or alternatively, the construction and / or slurry pump has an adjustable pipe diverter system 10. Part size G6 is a diverter size G10 of the pipe diverter system 10.

[0060] In particular, the drive variable G7 and / or the delivery variable G3 are / is a stroke time HZD and / or a speed v of the drive piston 8a, 8b, the piston rod 9a, 9b and / or the delivery piston 3a, 3b.

[0061] Additionally or alternatively, the drive size G7 is a drive volume flow Q7.

[0062] Additionally or alternatively, the delivery variable G3 is a delivery volume flow Q3.

[0063] Furthermore, or alternatively, the drive variable G7 is a drive pressure p7, in particular a high drive pressure. Furthermore, or alternatively, the delivery variable is a delivery pressure. In particular, the drive pressure p7 and / or the delivery pressure are / are set, in particular automatically and / or individually, when conveying construction and / or high-density solids BDS.

[0064] Furthermore, or alternatively, the switch size G10 is an adjustment time duration VZD of the line switch system 10.

[0065] Furthermore, in the Fig. 4 shown formula pn is a drive low pressure, η is an overall efficiency, in particular of at least one drive pump up to the engine system 4, and LKF is a power correction factor.

[0066] In alternative embodiments, the formula need not or may not include or use the adjustment time, the stroke time and / or the power correction factor or the last two terms / fractions.

[0067] In addition, in the embodiment shown, the required value P4B is a requested power P4act or a variable of the motor system 4 corresponding to the requested power for moving the delivery piston 3a, 3b.

[0068] Furthermore, especially in Fig. 4 below, the procedure comprises: Determination of the characteristic curve KL by interpolation based on support points SP, as in Fig. 2 shown. The support points SP are defined by maximum values ​​P4max and speed values ​​n4.

[0069] In addition, steps a) and b) are repeated, in particular several times, in particular during a lifting movement of the delivery piston 3a, 3b in the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b.

[0070] Furthermore, step a) comprises: determining the demand value P4B for at least one position POa, POb, in particular a center position POM of the delivery piston 3a, 3b along its stroke HU in the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b between its end positions POE, in particular away from the end positions POE.

[0071] In particular, when the direction of movement of the delivery piston 3a, 3b changes at the end positions POE, the demand value P4B is increased or has a peak, in particular compared to the center position POM, as in Fig. 3 shown.

[0072] This, in particular the setting of the speed value n4e as a function of the demand value P4B, in particular determined for the position POa, POb between the end positions POE, such that the power and / or speed reserve value PnR is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG, makes it possible to avoid overloading the motor system 4 and / or, in particular, thus preventing a drop in the speed value n4, which could impair the conveying of building and / or thick material BDS, in particular at or near the end positions POE. In other words: at the end positions POE, the demand value P4B, in particular the increased one, can just be met.

[0073] In detail, the hydraulic drive system 7, in particular as a drive pump, comprises an axial piston pump 11 with a variably adjustable swash plate 12. The motor system 4 is designed to rotate the axial piston pump 11, in particular to rotate it. The axial piston pump 11 is designed to move the delivery piston 3a, 3b, in particular to move it.

[0074] In the illustrated embodiment, the construction and / or slurry pump 1, in particular the hydraulic drive system 7, has exactly two delivery cylinders 2a, 2b, exactly two delivery pistons 3a, 3b, exactly two drive pistons 8a, 8b, exactly two drive cylinders 13a, 13b for receiving hydraulic fluid HF, and in which the drive pistons 8a, 8b are movably arranged, and / or exactly two piston rods 9a, 9b. In alternative embodiments, the construction and / or slurry pump, in particular the hydraulic drive system, can have only a single delivery cylinder, only a single delivery piston, only a single drive piston, only a single drive cylinder and / or only a single piston rod, or at least three delivery cylinders, at least three delivery pistons, at least three drive pistons, at least three drive cylinders and / or at least three piston rods.

[0075] In particular, in the embodiment shown, the construction and / or thick matter pump 1, in particular the hydraulic drive system 7, has a rocking line 14, in particular for hydraulic fluid HF.

[0076] The axial piston pump 11 and the two drive cylinders 13a, 13b form a particularly closed drive circuit for hydraulic fluid HF by means of the rocker line 14. In other words, the drive cylinders 13a, 13b are connected by means of the rocker line 14 for a flow of hydraulic fluid HF, particularly between the drive cylinders 13a, 13b.

[0077] In addition, the two drive pistons 8a, 8b, in particular and thus the piston rods 9a, 9b and thus the delivery pistons 3a, 3b, are coupled to one another by means of the rocking line 15 at least temporarily, in particular permanently, in particular in antiphase, in particular 180 degrees antiphase, or for counter-rotating movement.

[0078] Furthermore, the axial piston pump 11 or the drive circuit has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side, in particular which are cyclically exchanged with one another, in particular during or during operation of the construction and / or thick matter pump 1. In addition, the construction and / or thick matter pump 1 has a delivery line 16 and a construction and / or thick matter supply 17. The line switch system 10 is designed to connect, in particular connects, the delivery cylinder 2a, 2b, in particular either to the delivery line 16 in one position or to the construction and / or thick matter supply 17 in another position for a flow or stream of construction and / or thick matter BDS.

[0079] In Fig. 1 the line switch system 10 connects the conveyor cylinder 2a with the conveyor line 16 and the conveyor cylinder 2b with the construction and / or thick material supply 17.

[0080] In addition, the delivery piston 3b sucks in the building and / or thick material BDS, in particular from the, in particular connected, building and / or thick material supply 17, into the delivery cylinder 2b. At the same time, in particular, the delivery piston 3a displaces the sucked-in building and / or thick material BDS out of the delivery cylinder 2a, in particular into the, in particular connected, delivery line 16.

[0081] If or when the delivery pistons 3a, 3b have reached their, in particular respective, end positions POE, the line switch system 10 is adjusted, in particular by means of the control device 5. The line switch system 10 thus connects the delivery cylinder 2b to the delivery line 16 and the delivery cylinder 2a to the building and / or thick material feed 17. The delivery piston 3a thus sucks building and / or thick material BDS, in particular from the, in particular connected, building and / or thick material feed 17, into the delivery cylinder 2a. In particular at the same time, the delivery piston 3b displaces sucked-in building and / or thick material BDS out of the delivery cylinder 2b, in particular into the, in particular connected, delivery line 16.

[0082] Furthermore, the control device 5 has, among other things, a signal connection, in particular an electrical one, with the motor system 4, the axial piston pump 11 and / or the line switch system 10, as shown in Fig. 1shown by dotted lines.

[0083] As the exemplary embodiments shown and explained above make clear, the invention provides an advantageous method for operating a construction and / or thick matter pump for conveying construction and / or thick matter and an advantageous construction and / or thick matter pump for conveying construction and / or thick matter, each of which has improved properties.

Claims

1. A method for operating a construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) for conveying construction material and / or viscous material (BDS), - the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) having: - at least one conveying cylinder (2a, 2b), the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) being designed to receive and discharge construction material and / or viscous material (BDS), - at least one conveying piston (3a, 3b), the conveying piston (3a, 3b) being arranged movably in the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) in order to take in construction material and / or viscous material (BDS) into the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) and in order to displace taken-in construction material and / or viscous material (BDS) out of the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b), and - a motor system (4), the motor system (4) being designed to move the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and - the method comprising the steps: a) ascertaining a required value (P4B) of a power (P4), or of a variable of the motor system (4) that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and, b) depending on the required value (P4B), setting a rotational speed value (n4e) of the motor system (4) such that a power and / or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) between an operating point (BP), the operating point (BP) being defined by the required value (P4B) of the power (P4) or of the variable and the rotational speed value (n4e), and a characteristic curve (KL) of the motor system (4), the characteristic curve (KL) being defined by maximum values (P4max) of the power (P4) or of the variable and rotational speed values (n4), maximum values (P4max) differing at least in part for different rotational speed values (n4), is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value (PnRG), and setting the rotational speed value (n4e) such that the power and / or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value (PnRG'), the further reserve limit value (PnRG') being greater than or equal to the reserve limit value (PnRG).

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, - the maximum values (P4max) increasing at least in part for increasing rotational speed values (n4).

3. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the power and / or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) corresponding to: (maximum value (P4maxe) at the rotational speed value (n4e) - required value (P4B) / maximum value (P4maxe) at the rotational speed value (n4e), and / or (set rotational speed value (n4e) - rotational speed value (n4max) for a maximum value (P4max) equal to the required value (P4B)) / set rotational speed value (n4e), - and in particular the reserve limit value (PnRG) corresponding to at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, and / or the further reserve limit value (PnRG') corresponding to at most 40%, in particular at most 30%, in particular at most 20%.

4. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the method comprising the step: ascertaining a present maximum value (P4maxact) at a present rotational speed value (n4act), and - step b) comprising: - ascertaining a present comparison variable value (P4B / P4maxact), in particular a present power and / or rotational speed reserve value, on the basis of the present maximum value (P4maxact) and the required value (P4B), and - comparing the present comparison variable value (P4B / P4maxact) with a comparison variable limit value (P4B / P4maxactG) at least associated with the reserve limit value (PnRG), and in particular a further comparison variable limit value (P4B / P4maxactG') at least associated with the further reserve limit value (PnRG'), and - setting the rotational speed value (n4e) in a manner dependent on the comparison.

5. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in particular as claimed in claim 4, - the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) having a control device (5), the control device (5) being distinct from the motor system (4), and - the method comprising: ascertaining the required value (P4B), and in particular the comparison variable value (P4B / P4maxact), and / or setting the rotational speed value (n4e) by means of the motor system (4), and - the method comprising: ascertaining a setting command (n4eB), in particular comparing the comparison variable value (P4B / P4maxact) with the comparison variable limit value (P4B / P4maxactG), in order to set the rotational speed value (n4e) by means of the control device (5).

6. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - step a) comprising: ascertaining the required value (P4B) on the basis of at least one part variable (G6) of a part (6) of the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1), the part (6) being distinct from the motor system (4).

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, - the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) having a hydraulic drive system (7), the motor system (4) being designed to move the hydraulic drive system (7), and the hydraulic drive system (7), in particular at least one drive piston (8a, 8b), and in particular at least one piston rod (9a, 9b), of the hydraulic drive system (7) being designed to move the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and the part variable (G6) being a drive variable (G7) of the hydraulic drive system (7), and / or - the part variable (G6) being a conveying variable (G3) of the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and / or - the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) having an adjustable line switch system (10), and the part variable (G6) being a switch variable (G10) of the line switch system (10).

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, the drive variable (G7) and / or the conveying variable (G3) being a stroke duration (HZD) and / or a speed (v) of the drive piston (8a, 8b), of the piston rod (9a, 9b) and / or of the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and / or - the drive variable (G7) being a drive volume flow (Q7), and / or the conveying variable (G3) being a conveying volume flow (Q3), and / or - the drive variable (G7) being a drive pressure (p7), and / or the conveying variable being a conveying pressure, in particular the drive pressure (p7) and / or the conveying pressure prevailing when construction material and / or viscous material (BDS) is being conveyed, and / or - the switch variable (G10) being an adjustment duration (VZD) of the line switch system (10).

9. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the required value (P4B) being a demanded power (P4act), or a variable of the motor system (4) that corresponds to the demanded power, for moving the conveying piston (3a, 3b).

10. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the method comprising: ascertaining the characteristic curve (KL) by interpolation based on interpolation points (SP), the interpolation points (SP) being defined by maximum values (P4max) and rotational speed values (n4).

11. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the steps a) and b) being repeated, in particular multiple times, in particular during a stroke movement of the conveying piston (3a, 3b) in the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b).

12. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - step a) comprising: ascertaining the required value (P4B) for at least one position (POa, POb), in particular a middle position (POM), of the conveying piston (3a, 3b) along its stroke (HU) in the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) between its end positions (POE), in particular remote from the end positions (POE).

13. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, - the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) having a hydraulic drive system (7), the hydraulic drive system (7) having an axial piston pump (11) with variably adjustable swashplate (12), the motor system (4) being designed to rotate the axial piston pump (11), the axial piston pump (11) being designed to move the conveying piston (3a, 3b).

14. A construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) for conveying construction material and / or viscous material (BDS), in particular for carrying out a method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) comprising: - at least one conveying cylinder (2a, 2b), the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) being designed to receive and discharge construction material and / or viscous material (BDS), - at least one conveying piston (3a, 3b), the conveying piston (3a, 3b) being arranged movably in the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) in order to take in construction material and / or viscous material (BDS) into the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b) and in order to displace taken-in construction material and / or viscous material (BDS) out of the conveying cylinder (2a, 2b), and - a motor system (4), the motor system (4) being designed to move the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and the construction-material and / or viscous-material pump (1) being designed - to ascertain a required value (P4B) of a power (P4), or of a variable of the motor system (4) that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston (3a, 3b), and, - depending on the required value (P4B), to set a rotational speed value (n4e) of the motor system (4) such that a power and / or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) between an operating point (BP), the operating point (BP) being defined by the required value (P4B) of the power (P4) or of the variable and the rotational speed value (n4e), and a characteristic curve (KL) of the motor system (4), the characteristic curve (KL) being defined by maximum values (P4max) of the power (P4) or of the variable and rotational speed values (n4), maximum values (P4max) differing at least partially for different rotational speed values (n4), is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value (PnRG), and to set the rotational speed value (n4e) such that the power and / or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value (PnRG'), the further reserve limit value (PnRG') being greater than or equal to the reserve limit value (PnRG).