Milling cutter for machining a pile head and method for operating such a milling cutter

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a milling machine for machining a pile head, comprising a housing with a substantially circular cylindrical housing wall, an outer milling device for machining an annular outer area of ​​the pile head and an inner milling device for machining an inner area of ​​the pile head, wherein cutting elements of the outer milling device are arranged in the region of one end of the housing wall such that the machining of the annular outer area of ​​the pile head is made possible by a rotary drive of the housing wall about a cylindrical axis of the housing wall.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for operating such a milling machine.

[0003] A milling machine for machining a pile head and a method for operating such a milling machine of the type mentioned above are known from EP 1 990 167 A1. The known milling machine has a housing with a substantially circular cylindrical housing wall 123. An inner milling unit 11 for machining an inner region of the pile head is arranged in the housing. Furthermore, the known milling machine has an outer milling unit 12 for machining an annular outer region of the pile head. Cutting elements 121 of the outer milling unit 12 are arranged in the region of one end of the housing wall 123 such that the machining of the annular outer region of the pile head is enabled by a rotary drive of the housing wall 123 about a cylindrical axis of the housing wall 123.

[0004] In the known milling machine, the cutting elements 21 are specifically arranged on a mounting ring 122, which is attached to the end of the housing wall 123. The mounting ring 122 projects radially beyond the circular cylindrical housing wall 123. The inner milling unit 11 and the outer milling unit 12 are rigidly coupled to each other and aligned coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the housing wall 123. With the known milling machine, it is possible to mill an inner region of the pile head and an annular outer region of the pile head simultaneously in a single operation, such that a circular cylindrical concrete sleeve 88 of the pile 8 with reinforcement 83 arranged therein remains after the milling process. The concrete of the concrete sleeve 88 can then be removed with another tool, so that only the reinforcement 83 protrudes upwards from the pile 8 and can be used for further construction work.

[0005] The known milling machine can satisfactorily machine freestanding piles and pile heads. However, it is problematic to machine pile heads located within a template using the known milling machine. The present invention is based on the objective of providing a milling machine for machining a pile head and a method for operating such a milling machine, enabling safe and rapid machining of the pile head in a wide variety of situations using structurally simple means. According to the invention, the aforementioned objective is achieved by a milling machine with the features of claim 1 and by a method for operating a milling machine with the features of claim 9.

[0006] The milling machine according to claim 1 is designed and further developed such that the cutting elements of the outer milling device are arranged so close to the end of the housing wall that the housing wall can be used as a guide element in a guide when milling the pile head in the direction of the cylinder axis, the guide being formed by an area of ​​the pile remaining during milling, by a pile wall remaining during milling and / or by a template or guide for a pile wall.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for operating a milling machine according to claim 9 is designed and further developed such that first the annular outer area of ​​the pile head is machined with the outer milling device and then the inner area of ​​the pile head is machined with the inner milling device - or vice versa - or the outer and inner areas are machined simultaneously.

[0008] In accordance with the invention, it has first been recognized that the aforementioned problem can be solved in a surprisingly simple manner by cleverly designing and arranging the outer milling device. For this purpose, the outer milling device is arranged so close to the end of the housing wall that the housing wall can be used as a guide element within a guide formed by a surrounding area of ​​the pile remaining during milling, by a pile wall remaining during milling, and / or by a template for a pile wall. Thus, in accordance with the invention, the housing wall has a dual function: on the one hand, it transmits torque from a drive to the cutting elements, and on the other hand, it acts as a guide element during milling. Pile wall heads can be machined or milled directly within the template or guide for a pile wall. This results in a significant time saving in terms of construction time.

[0009] The inventive method makes it possible to machine the annular outer region and the inner region of the pile head at different times or simultaneously. In the first variant, this allows for particularly careful machining of the respective regions of the pile head, as the operator can concentrate exclusively on the region being machined. Furthermore, each region can be machined with the maximum available torque of a rotary drive. This maximum available torque does not need to be distributed between both regions during machining.This means that either a greater torque is available for a single area than with a conventional simultaneous machining of both areas, or the rotary drive can be implemented in a less powerful and therefore simpler way in a cost-saving manner, in order to still provide the same maximum torque as a rotary drive that can only be used for the simultaneous machining of both areas.

[0010] Consequently, the milling machine and the method according to the invention provide a milling machine and a method which enables safe and fast machining of the pile head in a wide variety of situations using structurally simple means.

[0011] With a view to particularly safe machining of the pile head, the cutting elements of the outer milling unit can be arranged so close to the end of the housing wall that the housing wall can be guided essentially directly along the surrounding area, the pile wall, and / or the template during milling of the pile head. In other words, in this embodiment, the housing wall can slide essentially directly along the surrounding area, the pile wall, and / or the template during milling of the pile head. This ensures particularly safe guidance of the milling unit during machining of the pile head.

[0012] Furthermore, to ensure particularly reliable guidance of the milling cutter and thus machining of the pile head, the cutting elements should not project radially beyond the outer circumference of the housing wall. This arrangement allows for particularly secure sliding or contact of the housing wall with the surrounding area, the pile wall, and / or the template. No radially projecting cutting elements interfere with machining and guidance. However, the cutting elements can extend to the outer circumference to ensure reliable milling of the annular outer area.

[0013] In a structurally simple manner, the cutting elements can be oriented essentially in the direction of the cylinder axis and / or at an angle to the cylinder axis. This ensures a reliable milling interaction between the cutting elements and the pile head.

[0014] To further advantage and ensure reliable concentricity of the milling cutter during machining of the pile head, the cutting elements can be arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the housing wall. In both this equidistant arrangement and other arrangements, the cutting elements can be positioned in recesses or cutouts in the housing wall for particularly secure positioning. Such recesses or cutouts can be axial and / or radial. Alternatively, the cutting elements can preferably be screwed directly to the housing wall. With any arrangement of the cutting elements on the housing wall, the use of a mounting ring known from the prior art can be easily dispensed with. This advantageously reduces the number of individual parts of the milling cutter and thus simplifies the overall design of the milling cutter.

[0015] For particularly safe, simple, and flexible machining, the inner milling unit can be driven independently of the outer milling unit by means of one or more rotary drives. This allows the inner and outer milling units to be driven sequentially, whereby, depending on the specific application, machining can be performed first with the outer milling unit and then with the inner milling unit, or vice versa. To achieve this drive independence, two different rotary drives or drive units can be provided, one for the inner milling unit and one for the outer milling unit. However, it is also possible to achieve this drive independence using a single rotary drive or drive unit.

[0016] In one specific embodiment, the internal milling unit can be arranged inside the housing. This makes a compact milling machine possible.

[0017] Advantageously, the inner milling unit can be displaced relative to the housing and / or relative to the outer milling unit along the cylinder axis. The inner milling unit can be moved to a suitable position relative to the housing and / or the outer milling unit to enable either simultaneous machining of the outer and inner areas of the pile head or separate, independent machining of the outer and inner areas. During separate machining, the inner and outer milling units can be operated independently of each other. The displaceability of the inner milling unit allows for the implementation of individual machining modes for the milling machine. The result is a particularly flexible milling machine suitable for a wide variety of applications.Depending on the application, the inner milling unit can be fixed at predetermined or arbitrary positions relative to the housing and / or relative to the outer milling unit along the cylinder axis. In such a fixed position, simultaneous machining of the outer and inner areas of the pile head is possible.

[0018] There are now various ways to advantageously develop and further refine the teaching of the present invention. Reference is made, on the one hand, to the dependent claims and, on the other hand, to the following explanation of preferred embodiments of the milling machine and the method according to the invention with reference to the drawing. In conjunction with the explanation of the preferred embodiments with reference to the drawing, generally preferred embodiments and further developments of the teaching are also explained. The drawing shows Fig. 1 in a side view, partially cut away, an embodiment of the milling machine according to the invention in a first operating state, Fig. 2 in a side view, partially cut away, the embodiment from Fig. 1 in a second operating state and Fig. 3 in a bottom view the exemplary embodiment from Fig. 1 in which Fig. 2 Operating state shown.

[0019] The Fig. 1 and 2 The figures show, in partially cutaway side views, an embodiment of the milling machine according to the invention for machining a pile head. The milling machine is shown according to... Fig. 1 in an initial operating state and the milling machine according to Fig. 2 The milling machine is shown in a second operating state. It comprises a housing 1 with a substantially circular cylindrical housing wall 2, an outer milling unit 3 for machining an outer region of the pile head, and an inner milling unit 4 for machining an inner region of the pile head. Cutting elements 5 of the outer milling unit 3 are arranged in the region of one end 6 of the housing wall 2 such that machining of the annular outer region of the pile head is enabled by a rotary drive or by rotating the housing wall 2 about a cylindrical axis 7 of the housing wall 2.

[0020] With a view to safe and rapid machining of the pile head in a wide variety of situations using simple structural means, the milling machine is designed and further developed such that the cutting elements 5 of the outer milling device 3 are arranged so close to the end 6 of the housing wall 2 that the housing wall 2 can be used as a guide element in a guide when milling the pile head in the direction of the cylinder axis 7. This guide is formed by an area of ​​the pile remaining during milling, by a pile wall remaining during milling, and / or by a template for a pile wall.

[0021] The cutting elements 5 are essentially not arranged to project beyond the outer circumference of the housing wall 2. A very slight projection beyond the outer circumference of the housing wall 2 is tolerable, namely insofar as the outer surface of the housing wall 2 can still act as a guide element for the safe guidance of the milling cutter or the housing wall 2 in a surrounding area of ​​the pile wall remaining during milling, in a pile wall remaining during milling, and / or in a template for a pile wall.

[0022] Furthermore, the cutting elements 5 are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the housing wall 2 at the lower end 6 of the housing wall 2. This is particularly important for the Fig. 3 removable, which in a bottom view the embodiment from Fig. 1 in which Fig. 2 The operating state shown is displayed.

[0023] The cutting elements 5 can be clamped or screwed to the housing wall 2, or arranged in recesses or cutouts in the housing wall 2 at the lower end 6. The cutting elements 5 can be easily replaced in case of repair or wear. The individual cutting elements 5 or groups of cutting elements 5 are arranged – optionally by means of individual coupling elements – virtually directly on the housing wall 2. Alternatively, the cutting elements 5 can also be arranged on the housing wall 2 by means of a mounting ring (not shown here), provided that this mounting ring, when installed, does not substantially protrude beyond the outer circumference of the housing wall 2 and the housing wall 2 can still be used as a guide element in accordance with the teaching described herein.

[0024] The inner milling device 4 is essentially arranged within the housing 1 and is displaceable relative to the housing 1 and / or relative to the outer milling device 3 along the cylinder axis 7. Thus, the figure shown in Fig. 1 The operating state shown is an internal milling device 4 retracted into the housing 1, whereas the one in Fig. 2 The operating state shown depicts a situation in which the inner milling device 4 is extended almost to the outer milling device 3.

[0025] The inner milling unit 4 is coupled to a drive shaft 8 to provide rotary drive for the inner milling unit 4. The drive shaft 8 runs through a coupling element 9 designed as a sleeve or sleeve, which is coupled to the housing 1 and thus also to the housing wall 2. The drive shaft 8 can optionally either rotate freely within the coupling element 9 or be coupled to the coupling element 9, and thus to the housing 1 and the housing wall 2, via a bolt 10. The drive shaft 8 has two corresponding passages 11 into which the bolt 10 can be inserted through the coupling element 9 to determine the relative positioning of the outer milling unit 3 to the inner milling unit 4 and to realize the two connections in the Fig. 1 and 2 to enable the operating conditions shown.

[0026] In both in the Fig. 1 and 2In the operating conditions shown, a drive via the drive shaft 8 results in a rotary drive of both the outer milling unit 3 and the inner milling unit 4, since a coupling by means of the bolt 10 exists in both operating conditions shown. Without such a coupling, the drive shaft can rotate essentially freely in the coupling element 9, so that in this case, with a drive via the drive shaft 8, only the inner milling unit 4 is driven. This described coupling function and the displacement of the inner milling unit 4 relative to the housing 1 and to the outer milling unit 3 make it possible, for example, to first machine the annular outer area of ​​the pile head with the outer milling unit 3 and then the inner area of ​​the pile head with the inner milling unit 4. The milling unit can then be positioned in the housing 1 and the outer milling unit 3. Fig. 1 The operating state shown can be used to machine the outer area of ​​the pile head. Then, in a second step, the milling machine can be used in the position shown. Fig. 2 The operating state shown can be used to machine the inner area of ​​the pile head. In the second step, the inner wall of the housing wall 2 can serve as a guide element that can slide along the portion of the pile head remaining after the first step.

[0027] Regarding further advantageous embodiments of the milling machine and the method according to the invention, reference is made to the general part of the description and to the attached claims to avoid repetition.

[0028] Finally, it should be expressly pointed out that the exemplary embodiments described above serve only to illustrate the claimed teaching, but do not limit it to these exemplary embodiments. Bezugszeichenliste

[0029] 1 Housing 2 Housing wall 3 Outer milling device 4 Inner milling device 5 Cutting element 6 End 7 Cylinder axis 8 Drive shaft 9 Coupling element 10 Bolt 11 Passage

Claims

1. A milling machine for machining a pile head, comprising a housing (1) comprising a substantially circular-cylindrical housing wall (2), comprising an outer milling device (3) for machining an annular outer region of the pile head and an inner milling device (4) for machining an inner region of the pile head, cutting elements (5) of the outer milling device (3) being arranged in the region of an end (6) of the housing wall (2) such that a rotary drive of the housing wall (2) about a cylinder axis (7) of the housing wall (2) makes it possible to machine the annular outer region of the pile head, the cutting elements (5) of the outer milling device (3) being arranged close to the end (6) of the housing wall (2) such that, when the pile head is milled in the direction of the cylinder axis (7), the housing wall (2) can be used as a guide element in a guide formed by a surrounding region of the pile remaining during the milling, by a pile wall remaining during the milling, and / or by a template or guide for a pile wall, characterized in that the inner milling device (4), independently of the outer milling device (5), can be driven by means of the rotary drive or a further rotary drive.

2. The milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting elements (5) of the outer milling device (3) are arranged close to the end (6) of the housing wall (2) such that, when the pile head is milled, the housing wall (2) can be guided substantially directly along the surrounding region, the pile wall, and / or the template.

3. The milling machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cutting elements (5) are substantially arranged not to project radially beyond the outer circumference of the housing wall (2).

4. The milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cutting elements (5) are substantially oriented in the direction of the cylinder axis (7) and / or obliquely relative to the cylinder axis (7).

5. The milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cutting elements (5) are arranged to be equidistant along the circumference of the housing wall (2).

6. The milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner milling device (4) is arranged within the housing (1).

7. The milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner milling device (4) is movable relative to the housing (1) and / or relative to the outer milling device (3) along the cylinder axis (7).

8. The milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner milling device (4) can be fixed in predetermined or arbitrary positions relative to the housing (1) and / or relative to the outer milling device (3) along the cylinder axis (7).

9. A method for operating a milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the annular outer region of the pile head is first machined using the outer milling device (3) and then the inner region of the pile head is machined using the inner milling device (4), or vice versa.