SCRAPING DEVICE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a comminution device with a pivotable sieve basket cassette according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] A variety of differently designed comminution devices for comminuting, for example, biogenic material are already known from the prior art. So-called screw roller shredders are known, which have a shredding roller or two counter-rotating rollers arranged side by side, which are partially covered on the circumference with screen baskets. These shredders have a filling opening above the roller(s) for the material to be shredded, while a collecting chamber for the shredded material is arranged below the roller(s) and the perforated metal baskets arranged below them. The rollers, which rotate in opposite directions towards the center, independently draw in the material to be shredded and shred it. The material is then caught between the walls, which slide against each other, and subjected to mechanical stress, causing it to shear off or break.The pre-shredded material is moved over the perforated plate and partially pushed into the opening of the perforated screen, where it is cut off by the approaching shredding tools. The material that has not yet been sufficiently shredded is transported back up and fed back into the process. This works in a similar way even when there is only one shredding roller.

[0003] According to EP 1 442 796 A1, a comminution device is known that has two counter-rotating rollers next to each other. Part of the circumference of the rollers is partially covered with screen baskets, which are removably arranged in a screen basket cassette. The screen basket cassette is pivotably mounted on a base frame via a lever.

[0004] The disadvantage of this is that the mechanism for pivoting the screen basket cassette has a complex design and is prone to failure. Furthermore, removing the screen baskets accommodated in the screen basket cassette from the prior art shredding devices is only possible with considerable effort, as the pivoting mechanism does not allow sufficient access for lifting the screen baskets.

[0005] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a comminution device which has an improved mechanism for pivoting the sieve basket cassette and also allows a change of sieve baskets accommodated therein without great effort.

[0006] The object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0007] According to the invention, a comminution device is provided which comprises a base frame for supporting the components of the comminution device, a receiving space for arranging a comminution screw, a screen basket cassette for receiving at least one screen basket, and a pivoting device which is designed to pivot the screen basket cassette together with the at least one screen basket, in particular such that the screen basket cassette delimits a receiving space for a comminution roller in a first pivoting position and enables a change of the at least one screen basket in a second pivoting position.The invention is characterized in that the pivoting device has a first lever arm and a second lever arm, wherein the first lever arm is articulated with its first end region to a bottom region of the base frame and with its second end region to the screen basket cassette, and the second lever arm is articulated with its first end region to the screen basket cassette, with its second end region to an actuating device variable in length and with a central region lying between the first end region and the second end region to the base frame.

[0008] It can be provided that the articulation of the second lever arm on the base frame is arranged above the articulation point of the first lever arm and offset inwards relative to this. However, both the articulation point for the first lever arm and the articulation point for the second lever arm are arranged on one and the same side, viewed in the cross-sectional direction of the shredding device, since they are both provided before the beginning of the receiving space for the shredding roller. Thus, the longitudinal axis of the shredding roller, intersected with the vertical axis, can define a plane that defines two sides (a front side and a rear side) of the shredding device. In the following, it can be said that the side to which the screen basket cassette pivots out of the shredding device is a front side, whereas the other side is then the rear of the shredding device.

[0009] The specific arrangement of the first lever arm and the second lever arm with their respective specific pivot points ensures simple kinematics when pivoting the screen basket cassette and also results in the screen basket cassette opening as wide as possible, being pivoted completely out of the shredding device and being arranged close to the base area, so that the screen baskets arranged in the screen basket cassette can be easily exchanged.

[0010] According to a further development of the present invention, it can be provided that the base frame has a substantially cuboid shape, preferably in which the receiving space for the shredding roller extends in the longitudinal direction of the cuboid.

[0011] The basic shape of the shredding device can be that of a cuboid, with the receiving space for the shredding screw extending parallel to the cuboid's longitudinal edge. The two end faces of the lateral surfaces, which have a smaller area than the cuboid's longitudinal sides, define the width (Y-direction) and height (Z-direction), while the longitudinal sides define the length (X-direction) and height (Z-direction) of the shredding device.

[0012] On one of the long sides, preferably a front side, it can be provided that the screen basket cassette pivots out of the cuboid basic shape of the shredding device and enables an operator positioned at the front to change the screen baskets.

[0013] According to an optional development of the invention, it can be provided that the screen basket cassette, seen in cross section, has a design which is concave to the receiving space and which surrounds the outer circumference of a comminution screw which can be arranged in the receiving space by at least one third (i.e. 120°), preferably more than 160°.

[0014] The concave design of the screen basket cassette can have the shape of an arc segment on its side facing the receiving space, through which the material to be shredded is pressed or squeezed by means of the shredding screw.

[0015] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided that the actuating device, which is variable in length, is articulated to the base frame with its end facing away from the second lever arm, wherein the articulation of the second lever arm is provided on the base frame and the articulation of the actuating device is provided on opposite sides of the receiving space for the comminution screw.

[0016] Thus, the articulation of the end of the actuating device spaced apart from the second lever arm can be provided in the region of the rear of the shredding device. The receiving space for the shredding screw is arranged between this articulation point for the actuating device on the base frame and the articulation point for the second lever arm on the base frame.

[0017] Advantageously, the actuating device, which can be varied in length, can be a hydraulic cylinder. Reducing the length of the actuating device can result in the screen basket cassette being moved out of its position defining the receiving space for the shredding roller, allowing the at least one screen basket in the screen basket cassette to be removed.

[0018] Furthermore, according to the present invention, the second lever arm can be provided with an S-shaped configuration. A concave bend follows a convex bend, thereby defining the S-shape.

[0019] Preferably, it can be provided that the pivot point for attachment to the base frame in the second lever arm is located at the point where an inflection point of the two curves of the S is to be arranged. In other words, the pivot point in the second lever arm can therefore be located at the point where the lever arm makes its transition from a convex to a concave configuration.

[0020] This design achieves the desired pivoting movement for the screen basket cassette, which initially involves moving the screen basket cassette slightly downwards to prevent a collision with the comminution screw typically arranged in the receiving space.

[0021] Furthermore, it can be provided that the first lever arm has a substantially rod-like configuration, which preferably has a hook-shaped bend at its articulation area with the sieve basket cassette.

[0022] The first lever arm is arranged essentially vertically in the first position of the screen basket cassette, in which it defines a receiving space for the shredding roller, and then folds outwards so that when the second position is reached, in which a screen basket can be removed from the screen basket cassette, it is arranged slightly downwardly inclined, essentially beyond the horizontal. The first lever arm has a rod-like configuration, wherein at the articulation point with the screen basket cassette, a bulge is provided that runs transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rod-like configuration, in which the articulation with the screen basket cassette is arranged.

[0023] The other articulation point, which is connected to the base frame, is located in the bottom area of ​​the shredding device or, considering the cuboid shape of the shredding device, in the area of ​​the base area.

[0024] Furthermore, according to the present invention, it can be provided that the pivoting device is designed to pivot the screen basket cassette together with the at least one screen basket in such a way that the screen basket cassette delimits a receiving space for a comminution roller in a first pivoting position and enables a change of the at least one screen basket in a second pivoting position.

[0025] Preferably, it can be provided that, during transfer from the first pivoting position to the second pivoting position, the first lever arm and the second lever arm act on the screen basket cassette such that it executes a rotational movement, in particular by rotating it by more than 70°, preferably more than 80° along its longitudinal axis, so that particularly good accessibility is provided from outside the comminution device for changing the at least one screen basket. The longitudinal axis of the screen basket cassette runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the comminution device or to the axis of rotation of the comminution screw, which is to be mounted in the receiving space.

[0026] It is preferably provided that, when transferring from the first pivoting position to the second pivoting position, the first lever arm and the second lever arm act on the screen basket cassette in such a way that it carries out a translational movement, in particular one in which it is moved into an area outside the base frame.

[0027] It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the combination of the two movements described above can also be carried out by pivoting the sieve basket cassette, i.e. a rotational-translatory movement, in order to achieve the desired comfortable removal position for the sieve baskets in the sieve basket cassette.

[0028] According to a further development of the present invention, it can be provided that the screen basket cassette, in a position in which it defines the receiving area for the shredding roller, is provided with respective articulation points for the first lever arm and the second lever arm on a side facing away from the receiving area, namely the front side.

[0029] According to a further modification of the present invention, it can be provided that the screen basket cassette, in a first position in which it defines the receiving area for the comminution screw, defines a trough shape viewed in the cross-sectional direction, and preferably the first lever arm is hinged to a component of the screen basket cassette which lies in a vertical direction above the hinge point of the second lever arm.

[0030] In the first position, the screen basket cassette, when viewed in the cross-sectional direction, has a trough shape in its area for receiving the at least one screen basket, which is inclined to one side (namely, facing the rear side). In the second position, the screen basket cassette is no longer inclined to the side in the first position, but in the opposite direction (namely, facing away from the rear side).

[0031] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided that the screen basket cassette is arranged in a second position in which it is pivoted away from the receiving area for the shredding roller in such a way that the articulation point with the first lever arm is located below the articulation point of the second lever arm, viewed in the vertical direction.

[0032] Furthermore, it can be provided that the invention further comprises a locking device for fixing the screen basket cassette in a first position in which it defines the receiving area for the comminution screw.

[0033] This ensures that when the shredding device is in operation, there is no play between a gap in the shredding roller and the screen baskets or screen basket cassette that partially surround the shredding roller on the circumference.

[0034] Furthermore, it can be provided that the peripheral coverage of the receiving space for the comminution roller by the screen basket cassette is more than 120°, preferably more than 150 and preferably in the range of 155-165°.

[0035] Furthermore, it can be provided that the locking device is a hydraulic locking device which, in particular with adjustable bolts on an underside and / or an upper side of the receiving space for the shredding roller, secures the screen basket cassette in its position by means of a positive fit.

[0036] It can also be provided that an adjustable bolt has a chamfered edge, which ensures that a stop edge on the screen basket cassette is pushed into its desired position when the bolt is extended. Further details and advantages of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings.

[0037] Showing: Fig. 1a a perspective view of a comminution device according to the present invention with the screen basket cassette pivoted in, Fig. 1b a perspective view of a comminution device according to the present invention with the screen basket cassette pivoted out, Fig. 2a-d several views of the comminution device according to the invention with the screen basket cassette in its pivoted-in state, Fig. 3a-d several views of the comminution device according to the invention with the screen basket cassette in its pivoted-out state, and Fig. 4a-c a schematic view of the pivoting device according to the invention in the first pivoted-in position, a further middle position and the second pivoted-out position.

[0038] In Fig. 1a 1 shows the comminution device 1 according to the present invention. This device has an input opening 12 provided on the top side through which the material to be comminuted is introduced. Below this, there is a comminution roller 4 which, in interaction with at least one screen basket 6 having holes, causes the material introduced by the comminution roller 4 into the space between the screen basket 6 and the comminution roller 4 to be comminuted. The at least one screen basket 6 is supported on the side facing away from the comminution roller 4 by a screen basket cassette 5, so that even when large forces are applied, the screen basket 6 does not retreat relative to the comminution roller 4. The material thus comminuted falls through the openings of the at least one screen basket 6 into a receiving space provided below the screen basket cassette 5.

[0039] The base frame 2 of the shredding device 1 is approximately cuboid-shaped in the present case and can be moved via a chassis 13. The chassis 13 does not have to correspond to a crawler drive, as shown, but can have any type of chassis 13.

[0040] Fig. 1b shows the shredding device 1 in a state in which the screen basket cassette 5 is pivoted out using the pivoting device 7, so that the multiple screen baskets 6 can be easily exchanged. Also visible here is the shredding roller 4, which draws the material to be shredded into the gap formed between the screen basket 6 and the shredding roller 4 and partially crushes the material fed into the input opening.

[0041] An advantage of the present invention is that the comminution device 1 can pivot the screen basket cassette 5 out of the base frame 2 by means of the pivoting device 7 so far that the screen baskets 6 arranged in the screen basket cassette 5 can be removed without any problem.

[0042] The Figuren 2a bis d show a view of the long side ( Fig. 2a ) a sectional view ( Fig. 2b ), a perspective view ( Fig. 2c ) and a view of the front side ( Figur 2d ), wherein the pivoting device 7 is in its pivoted-in state.

[0043] Especially in Figur 2b , which the in Figur 2a The section indicated in FIG. 1 shows how the comminution roller interacts with a screen basket held by the screen basket cassette 5 to process the material to be comminuted. When the comminution roller 4 rotates clockwise, the material to be comminuted is pressed into the gap between the screen basket 6 and the comminution roller 4, so that it is pushed through the multiple holes in the screen basket 6 with great force, thereby resulting in a comminution effect. In order to prevent the screen basket cassette 5 from being pushed away from the comminution roller 4 during operation of the comminution device 1, a locking device 11 is provided which prevents any corresponding movement of the screen basket cassette 5.The locking device 11 can be a hydraulically actuated bolt which, in a pivoted-in state, engages behind a component of the screen basket cassette 5 and thus prevents movement of the screen basket cassette 5 away from the shredding roller 4. Furthermore, it can also be provided that there is a further locking device (not shown) movable in the axial direction of the shredding roller 4 in order to fix the screen basket cassette 5 against counter-movements in the axial direction of the shredding roller 4 (X-direction).

[0044] It can also be seen that the screen basket cassette 5 partially surrounds the comminution roller 4 on the circumference, wherein it can be provided that the circumferential coverage is more than 120°, preferably more than 150 and preferably in the range of 155-165°.

[0045] The screen basket cassette, together with the at least one inserted screen basket 6, defines an arc segment on the side facing the receiving space 3, the center of which coincides with the axis of rotation of a comminution roller 4 to be arranged in the receiving space 3.

[0046] In Fig. 2c it can be seen that the screen basket cassette 5 represents a framework in which the plurality of supporting elements for the screen baskets 6 to be inserted are spaced apart, in particular equidistantly spaced, in the longitudinal direction of the comminution device 1.

[0047] Fig. 2d now also partially shows the length-adjustable actuating device 10, the length change of which is responsible for the pivoting movement of the pivoting device 7. Furthermore, the second lever arm 9 can be partially seen, which is hinged to the base frame 2 in its central region 9c. This attachment point is offset inward relative to the front of the shredding device so that the desired movement is achieved when the second lever arm 9 is pulled by the actuating device 10.

[0048] The Figuren 3a bis d show a view of the long side ( Fig. 3a ), a sectional view ( Fig. 3b ), a perspective view ( Fig. 3c ) and a view of the front side ( Fig. 3d ), wherein the pivoting device 7 is in its pivoted-out state.

[0049] It can be seen that the first lever arm 8 is now pivoted more than 90° from its approximately vertical orientation, causing the screen basket cassette 5 to rotate, allowing the screen baskets 6 held therein to be easily removed. The movement of the pivoting device 7 is caused by the actuating device 10, which is hinged to the rear of the comminution device 1 and, when its length is reduced, causes the screen basket cassette 5 to pivot out. The second lever arm 9 is connected to the base frame 2 of the comminution device 1 in its central region 9c and interacts with the screen basket cassette 5 at its first end 9a. The second end 9b, spaced from the first end 9a, is connected to the actuating device 10 and, together with the first lever arm 8, results in the rotational-translational movement when the screen basket cassette 5 pivots out.

[0050] In particular Fig. 3b , which in Fig. 3a The sectional view shown shows the pivoting device 7 according to the invention, which leads to the screen basket cassette 6 and the screen baskets 6 arranged therein being completely removed from the comminution device 1. A particular advantage of this is that the screen basket cassette 5, together with the screen baskets 6, is pivoted completely out of the base frame 2, so that the screen bodies 6 can also be changed using a lifting crane or the like. Previously, this had failed because the screen basket cassette could only be pivoted out incompletely, so that lifting the screen baskets 6 with a crane was difficult or particularly challenging, since even in a pivoted-out state, the screen basket cassette could not be completely guided out of the base frame, but rather only partially.

[0051] In Fig. 3c one can see a perspective view with the explosive device 7 swung out.

[0052] Fig. 3d shows a front view in which it can be seen that the actuating device 10 in its shortened state pulls the second lever arm towards itself and is the cause of the sieve basket cassette 5 being swung out.

[0053] The Figuren 4a bis c show a schematic diagram of the structure of the pivoting device 7. A first lever arm 8 can be seen, which, in the initial position in which the screen basket cassette 5 defines a receiving space 3 for the shredding roller 1, is arranged essentially vertically upwards. At its angle opposite the pivot point of the base frame 2, the latter is bolted to the screen basket cassette 6.

[0054] In an area approximately directly below the shredding roller 4, the second lever arm 9, which is S-shaped, is pivoted to the screen basket cassette 5 with its second end portion 9a. At its other end 9b, there is a pivot point with the length-adjustable actuating device 10 (typically a hydraulic cylinder), which is responsible for pivoting the screen basket cassette 6. The second lever arm 9 is pivoted centrally with its central portion 9c to the base frame 2, so that when the length of the actuating device 10 is reduced, the screen basket cassette 5 is pivoted away from the shredding roller 4 toward the front of the shredding device 1.

[0055] Due to the specific shape of the second lever arm 9, when the screen basket cassette 5 is transferred into its pivoted-out position, it initially lowers slightly so that there is no collision with the screen basket cassette 5 and the shredding roller 4 arranged in the receiving space 3. Bezuqszeichenliste:

[0056] 1 Shredding device 2 Base frame 3 Storage space 4 Shredding roller 5 Screen basket cassette 6 Screen basket 7 Swivel device 8 First lever arm 8a First end area of ​​the first lever arm 8b Second end area of ​​the first lever arm 9 Second lever arm 9a First end area of ​​the second lever arm 9b Second end area of ​​the second lever arm 9c Middle area of ​​the second lever arm 10 Actuating device 11 Locking device 12 Input opening 13 Chassis

Claims

1. Shredding device (1), comprising: a base frame (2) for supporting the components of the shredding device (1), a receiving space (3) for arranging a shredding screw conveyor (4), a screen basket casing (5) for receiving at least one screen basket (6), and a pivot device (7), which is configured to pivot the screen basket casing (5) together with the at least one screen basket (6), in particular such that the screen basket casing (5) delimits a receiving space (3) for a shredding roller (4) in a first pivot position and allows the at least one screen basket (6) to be changed in a second pivot position, characterised in that the pivot device (7) comprises a first lever arm (8) and a second lever arm (9), wherein the first lever arm (8) is articulated to a base region of the base frame (2) at its first end region (8a) and to the screen basket casing (5) at its second end region (8b), and the second lever arm (9) is articulated to the screen basket casing (5) at its first end region (9a), to a variable-length actuating device (10) at its second end region (9b), and to the base frame (2) at a central region (9c) located between the first end region (9a) and the second end region (9b).

2. Device (1) according to the preceding claim 1, wherein the base frame (2) has a substantially cuboid shape, preferably in which the receiving space (3) for the shredding screw conveyor (4) extends in the longitudinal direction of the cuboid.

3. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the screen basket casing (5), when viewed in cross section, has a concave configuration towards the receiving space (3) which surrounds, on the periphery, at least a third, preferably at least half, of the outer periphery of a shredding roller (4) that can be arranged in the receiving space (3).

4. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the variable-length actuating device (10) is articulated to the base frame (2) at its end remote from the second lever arm (9), wherein the articulation of the second lever arm (9) to the base frame (2) and the articulation of the actuating device (10) are provided on opposite sides of the receiving space (3) for the shredding screw conveyor (4).

5. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the variable-length actuating device (10) is a hydraulic cylinder.

6. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the second lever arm (9) has a slightly S-shaped configuration.

7. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first lever arm (8) has a substantially rod-like configuration, which has a hook-shaped portion at its articulated region to the screen basket casing (5).

8. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pivot device (7) is configured to pivot the screen basket casing (5) together with the at least one screen basket (6) such that the screen basket casing (5) delimits a receiving space (3) for a shredding roller (4) in a first pivot position and allows the at least one screen basket (6) to be changed in a second pivot position.

9. Device (1) according to the preceding claim 8, wherein, when moving from the first pivot position into the second pivot position, the first lever arm (8) and the second lever arm (9) act on the screen basket casing (5) such that it performs a rotational movement, in particular in which it is rotated by more than 70°, preferably more than 80°, along its longitudinal axis, such that there is particularly good accessibility from outside the shredding device (1) for changing the at least one screen basket (6).

10. Device (1) according to the preceding claim 8 or 9, wherein when moving from the first pivot position into the second pivot position, the first lever arm (8) and the second lever arm (9) act on the screen basket casing (5) such that it performs a translational movement, in particular one in which it is moved into a region in the direction outside the base frame (2).

11. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the screen basket casing (5) is provided in a position in which it defines the receiving space (3) for the shredding roller (4), on a side facing away from the receiving space (3) having respective articulation points for the first lever arm (8) and the second lever arm (9).

12. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, in a first position in which it defines the receiving space (3) for the shredding roller (4), the screen basket casing (5) defines a trough shape when viewed in the cross-sectional direction, and the first lever arm (8) is preferably articulated to a component of the screen basket casing (5) which is located in the vertical direction above the articulation point of the second lever arm (9).

13. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in a second position in which it is pivoted away from the receiving space (3) for the shredding roller (4), the screen basket casing (5) is arranged such that the articulation point to the first lever arm (8) is located below the articulation point of the second lever arm (9) when viewed in the vertical direction.

14. Device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a locking apparatus (11) for fixing the screen basket casing (5) in a first position in which it defines the receiving space (3) for the shredding screw conveyor (4).

15. Device (1) according to the preceding claim 14, wherein the locking apparatus (11) is a hydraulic locking mechanism, which in particular secures the screen basket casing (5) in its position without play in an interlocking fit using adjustable bolts on an underside and / or a top side of the receiving space (3) for the shredding screw conveyor(4).