STRUCTURAL COMPONENT OF A MODULAR SYSTEM AND ASSEMBLY FOR USE IN STORAGE OR TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a structural component and an assembly with at least two such structural components for storing or transporting goods or for use in building structures. State of the art

[0002] To reduce costs and conserve resources, reusable goods handling equipment, such as crates, containers, pallets, etc., is increasingly being used in logistics systems. Efficient space utilization is a key requirement here to avoid empty space during transport and the resulting unused capacity and unnecessary costs. To meet this requirement, there are ongoing efforts to adapt the handling equipment to the goods being transported, or vice versa. While this achieves more efficient space utilization, it is only effective for specific goods, which can limit the reusability and flexible application of the handling equipment. It is also known to adapt the goods to be transported to the design of standardized handling equipment, which can lead to restrictions on the design freedom of the goods.

[0003] Another aspect to consider when designing handling equipment is its storage and transport when empty, i.e., when no goods are present in or on it. To enable efficient space utilization even when empty, stackable handling equipment, particularly stackable equipment nested within each other, is a known practice. This can be achieved by giving the handling equipment a shape that tapers towards its base.

[0004] Another approach to improving space utilization when empty is the use of foldable or demountable storage solutions. However, assembling or disassembling such solutions can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Furthermore, a demountable or foldable design can affect the mechanical stability of the storage solutions, potentially impacting their lifespan and reusability.

[0005] Further state of the art is known from CN 85 1 04264 A and US 2021 / 0188480 A1. Description of the invention

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved structural component that can be used flexibly and with reduced effort in assemblies for use in storage systems, transport systems or building structures. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an assembly composed of at least two such structural components.

[0007] These tasks are solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments arise from the dependent claims, the description, and the figures.

[0008] Accordingly, a structural component, in particular a modular system, is proposed for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems or building structures. The structural component is plate- or shell-shaped and comprises at least three end faces, wherein at least two end faces are provided with a coupling unit for structurally connecting the structural component to another component, and wherein the coupling unit comprises at least one first locking element and at least one correspondingly designed second locking element.To connect, in particular to form-fit and / or force-fit, the structural component with the other component, the first and the second locking element are adjustable relative to each other from an unlocking position to a first locking position by moving the first and / or second locking element in a first locking direction and from the unlocking position to a second locking position by moving the first and / or second locking element in a second locking direction.

[0009] In other words, the structural component is designed such that the first locking element and the second locking element, starting from a state in which they are in their unlocked position relative to each other, can be adjusted to either the first locking position or the second locking position. Adjusting them to the first or second locking position creates a structural connection, in particular a positive-locking connection, to the other component. It has been recognized that providing two locking positions, each achievable from the same unlocked position of the locking elements, allows for particularly flexible use and a high degree of configurability of the structural component.For example, this design allows the structural component to be structurally connected to the other component in different orientations, thereby achieving a high degree of configurability and enabling simple and therefore less complex assembly.

[0010] For the purposes of this disclosure, a "structural component" is understood to be a component or part designed to absorb and transmit forces and / or moments, and which may, in particular, be made of a rigid material. The structural component may be intended to provide stiffness and / or mechanical stability and / or support and / or mechanical resistance to an object or assembly comprising the structural component. Furthermore, the structural component may be intended to improve other technical properties of an assembly comprising the structural component, in particular physical and / or chemical properties. For example, the structural component may be intended to provide thermal insulation and / or chemical resistance.

[0011] In this context, the term "assembly" refers to an object composed of two or more components that can be disassembled or dismantled without damage. The term "part" describes, for the purposes of this disclosure, a component that cannot be disassembled or dismantled without damage. Accordingly, the structural component can be either a part or an assembly.

[0012] The structural component preferably forms a component or part of a modular system. In general, the term "modular system" describes a modular system by means of which a large number of different assemblies or objects can be produced based on a limited number of interconnectable and interchangeable components with predefined, in particular standardized, interfaces. The structural component can be adapted to other components of the modular system with regard to its shape and structural design. In particular, the coupling units of the structural component can form a predefined or standardized mechanical interface that makes it possible to structurally couple the structural component with other components that include a corresponding or equivalently designed mechanical interface.

[0013] The proposed structural component can be intended, in particular, for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems, or in buildings. In other words, an assembly or object formed by means of the structural component can be used in storage, bundling, or transport systems, or in buildings. The structural component can be used to create a receiving device for goods, in particular a container, a tray, a plate, etc. Such a receiving device can be intended, in particular, for the transport, bundling, and / or storage of goods. Alternatively or additionally, the structural component can be used to create an object for buildings, such as a piece of furniture, a panel, a cladding element, etc.For example, the structural component can be designed to create a closed container with a pivoting lid for opening or closing an opening. Such a closed container can comprise or consist of four or six identical structural components. Each structural component can serve as a pivoting lid. However, the proposed structural component is not limited to these applications and can also be used in other suitable fields.

[0014] The structural component is plate- or shell-shaped. A "plate-shaped component" within the meaning of this disclosure is understood to be a component extending in a plane. In other words, a plate-shaped component typically has an extension in a width and length direction that is greater than an extension along a thickness direction of the component. Accordingly, the structural component may be provided in the form of a flat plate, for example, a substantially cuboid or substantially prismatic plate. A "shell-shaped component" within the meaning of this disclosure is understood to be a curved, in particular thin-walled, component and may, for example, be provided in the form of a curved plate.

[0015] Accordingly, the structural component comprises several end faces, more precisely at least three end faces. For the purposes of this disclosure, "end faces" are understood to be end sections that define the structural component in the width and / or length direction. The different end faces of the structural components preferably have different orientations.

[0016] In other words, the different end faces of the structural component point in different directions, in particular in different directions within a plane spanned by the width and length of the structural component. The end faces can be straight, i.e., along a straight line, in particular along a straight line in the plane spanned by the width and length of the structural component. Alternatively or additionally, the end faces can be curved, in particular along a curved line in the plane spanned by the width and length of the structural component. In an embodiment in which the structural component has exactly three end faces of different orientations, an angle enclosed between two adjacent end faces can be 60° or substantially 60°, but may also differ from this.According to this embodiment, the structural component can be in the form of a substantially prismatic plate. In an embodiment in which the structural component has exactly four end faces of different orientations, the angle enclosed between two adjacent end faces can be 90° or substantially 90°, but can also deviate from this. According to this embodiment, the structural component can be in the form of a substantially cuboid plate. According to a further embodiment, the structural component can comprise more than four end faces, in particular more than four straight end faces. Accordingly, an angle enclosed between two adjacent end faces can be more than 90°, in particular between 90° and 180°, for example 120°.

[0017] At least one end face of the structural component can have a length of 40 cm or substantially 40 cm. If the structural component has four end faces, each of the four end faces can have a length of 40 cm or substantially 40 cm. In other words, the structural component can have a width and / or length of 40 cm or substantially 40 cm. This ensures good bundling and stacking capabilities on Euro pallets. For the purposes of this document, "Euro pallet" refers to a reusable transport pallet standardized according to EN 13698-1. Furthermore, the structural component can have a thickness of 1 cm to 4 cm, in particular substantially 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm, for example, 1.6 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the structural component can have a width and / or length that corresponds to an integer multiple or divisor of 40 cm, for example, 20 cm or 10 cm. The structural component can also have a width and / or length that corresponds to an integer divisor of a side length of a transport or building element, for example, a standardized large-capacity container, a reusable transport pallet, or the transport area of ​​a transport system, in particular a self-propelled transport system.

[0019] The structural component can be designed such that its end faces define and / or laterally delimit an inner section. The inner section can be a planar extension. In particular, the inner section can be a section extending between the end faces along the width and length of the structural component. The inner section can be plate- or shell-shaped. The inner section can be a flat or curved plate, especially a continuous plate. Alternatively or additionally, the inner section can be provided with at least one recess, which can, for example, form a handle. Furthermore, the inner section can be lattice-shaped. In other words, the inner section can be provided with regular recesses. The inner section can be made of a transparent material.The inner section, in particular the recesses provided therein, can be designed in such a way that they can accommodate functional elements, such as coupling elements for structurally connecting the structural component with other components, marking elements or feet.

[0020] Besides its function of transmitting moments and forces, the inner section can fulfill other or alternative functions. For example, the inner section can be designed for thermal regulation and / or insulation. Accordingly, the inner section can be provided in the form of a double-walled structure and thus have or form a double-wall insulation.

[0021] The end faces can form a frame for the structural component, in particular a load-bearing frame. The inner section can be detachably held in and connected to the frame. In particular, different, interchangeable inner sections can be attached to the frame. These different inner sections can vary in terms of their shape and / or function.

[0022] To structurally connect the structural component to the other component, the structural component includes coupling units, each of which can form a structural interface. In other words, these structural interfaces are designed to connect the structural component to the other component, in particular to engage it positively and / or force-fit. The proposed structural component is designed to be coupled to other components, especially other components of the modular system, via its end faces. To enable this structural coupling, i.e., to structurally connect the structural component to another component, at least two end faces of the structural component are provided with the coupling unit.According to a further development, the inner section of the structural component can be provided with an additional structural connection interface to connect other components, in particular other components of the modular system, to the structural component. For example, the inner section can be provided with a structural interface for receiving a label or a receptacle for a label.

[0023] The term "coupling unit" as used in this disclosure thus refers to a structural interface by means of which the end face of the structural component associated with the coupling unit can be engaged with another component, in particular another component of the modular system, and in particular can be engaged in a form-fit and / or force-fit manner. More precisely, the coupling unit can be designed to be connected in a form-fit and / or force-fit manner to a correspondingly designed further coupling unit of the further component. The further coupling unit of the further components can be identical in design to the coupling unit of the structural component.

[0024] As described above, the structural component comprises at least three end faces. At least two of the at least three end faces are equipped with the coupling unit. Specifically, each of the at least three end faces can be equipped with the coupling unit. For example, the structural component can comprise four end faces, each with one coupling unit.

[0025] Alternatively or additionally, the coupling units of the structural component, at least its first or second locking elements, can be arranged in a point-symmetric or mirror-symmetric manner. For example, the second locking elements can be point-symmetric and the first locking elements can be brought into a point-symmetric position relative to each other, or vice versa. If the first and second locking elements are displaceable relative to their end faces, the first locking elements can be brought into a point-symmetric position relative to each other, and the second locking elements can be brought into a point-symmetric position relative to each other. This configuration can increase the modularity and flexibility of the structural component.

[0026] The coupling units can be identical or different in construction. The term "identical in construction" describes the fact that the coupling units are identical in terms of their geometric design and function. The structure and function of the coupling units are specified below using one coupling unit as an example. The characteristics described in this context can apply to all or only some of the coupling units of a structural component.

[0027] In connection with the coupling unit, a distinction can be made between different coupling states, namely an engagement state and a locking state of the coupling unit. In the present disclosure, the term "engagement state" is understood to mean a state of a coupling unit of the structural component in which the coupling unit is engaged, in particular in a positive engagement, with another component, especially a further coupling unit of the further component. In this state, it is provided that the engagement between the coupling unit and the other component can be released by moving the structural component relative to the further component. For example, this engagement can be released by moving the structural component relative to the further component along a thickness direction and / or in an end-face direction of the coupling unit, i.e.,in a direction pointing away from the front face and running perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0028] The term "locking state" refers to a state of a coupling unit of the structural component in which the coupling unit is engaged with the other component, in particular with its further coupling unit, in such a way, especially by positive and / or force-fit engagement, that the structural coupling cannot be released by a relative movement between the structural component and the other component. In this state, a relative translational movement between the structural component and the other component engaged with it can be blocked, in particular a relative movement along the thickness direction and / or along a width direction and / or along the end face direction of the coupling unit.The thickness direction of the coupling unit corresponds to the thickness direction of the structural component, and the width direction of the coupling unit is perpendicular to both the thickness direction and the end-face direction of the coupling unit. In particular, all translational degrees of freedom between the coupled components can be locked or substantially locked in the locked state, i.e., taking tolerances into account. Furthermore, in the locked state, the structural component and the other component can be coupled such that one rotational degree of freedom between the components can be released, whereby, in particular, the other two rotational degrees of freedom can be locked, i.e., in directions transverse to the direction of the released rotational degree of freedom.Specifically, one rotational degree of freedom about an axis, in particular a longitudinal axis of the first locking element, parallel to the width direction of the coupling unit, can be released, while in particular the other two rotational degrees of freedom, i.e., about axes parallel to the thickness direction and the end face direction of the coupling unit, can be locked. In the locked state, the coupling unit can form a joint unit, for example in the form of a hinge joint, which in particular includes or defines a radial bearing about an axis and / or an axial bearing along the same axis.

[0029] In other words, the coupling unit can be configured, in a coupling state where it is engaged with a correspondingly designed, and in particular structurally identical, further coupling unit of the additional component, especially in the engagement and / or locking state, to release a rotational degree of freedom about an axis, i.e., a pivot axis, parallel to the width direction of the coupling unit. In this way, it is possible to construct or produce a container with a pivotable lid by means of the structural component. In the coupling state, the structural components and the additional component can be pivoted relative to each other about the pivot axis by at least 200° or at least 210°, and in particular by at least 210° or 240°.

[0030] The coupling unit comprises at least one first locking element and at least one corresponding second locking element. The first and second locking elements can define the pivot axis, which may coincide with a longitudinal axis of the first or second locking element. The first locking element can be in the form of a pin, bolt, or latch. Preferably, the first locking element has a cylindrical shape, at least partially. The second locking element can have a shape corresponding to that of the first locking element. In particular, the second locking element can include a recess corresponding to that of the first locking element to receive the locking element, at least partially.For example, the second locking element can be formed by means of a projection extending from the end face, which may be provided with a through-opening to receive the first locking element. This through-opening may, in particular, run along the width direction of the coupling unit. In other words, a longitudinal axis of the through-opening may run parallel to the width direction of the coupling unit. The shape of the recess of the second locking element may be adapted to the shape of the first locking element. The geometric design of the inner surface of the recess of the second locking element may be essentially adapted to the shape of the outer surface of the first locking element.Alternatively, the first locking element can have the shape of the second locking element described above, and correspondingly the second locking element can have the shape of the first locking element described above.

[0031] The first or second locking element can be integrally formed with its end face. For example, the end faces, including the first or second locking elements, can be manufactured by injection molding or using an additive manufacturing process to provide an integral design of these components.

[0032] The first and second locking elements are adjustable or movable relative to each other, in particular translationally displaceable and / or rotationally movable relative to each other. For example, the first and second locking elements can be translationally displaceable relative to each other along the width direction of the coupling unit. The coupling unit can be designed such that the first locking element is adjustable, in particular displaceable, relative to the end face of the structural component and thus relative to the second locking element. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling unit can be designed such that the second locking element is adjustable, in particular displaceable, relative to the end face of the structural component and thus relative to the first locking element.

[0033] The first and second locking elements can be positioned relative to each other in the unlocked position. The term "unlocked position" describes a state of the coupling unit that allows the coupling unit of the structural element to be moved into engagement with another component, or allows such engagement to be released. In the unlocked position, the first and second locking elements are configured to permit translational relative movement between the coupling unit and the coupling unit of the other component, particularly along the thickness direction and / or along the end face direction of the coupling unit.

[0034] As described above, the first and second locking elements can be positioned or adjusted relative to each other in the first and second locking positions. The first and second locking positions are each intended for connecting the structural component to the other component, in particular for the positive and / or force-fit connection of the coupling unit to the other coupling unit of the other component.

[0035] The term "locking position" here refers to the position of the first and second locking elements relative to each other that enables the coupling unit to be locked. In the locking positions, the first and second locking elements are configured to block at least one or all translational relative movements between the coupling unit and the other component, in particular relative movement along the thickness direction and / or along the end face direction of the coupling unit. In the locked state of the coupling unit, the first and second locking elements are arranged relative to each other in the locking position. In the engaged state, however, the first and second locking elements are arranged relative to each other in the unlocking position.

[0036] Starting from the unlocked position of the locking elements, they can be moved relative to each other into the first locking position by actuating, in particular moving or adjusting, the first or the second locking element along the first locking direction. Similarly, starting from their unlocked position, the locking elements can be moved into the second locking position by actuating, in particular moving or adjusting, the first or the second locking element along the second locking direction. The first and second locking directions define, in particular, a path of movement along which the first or the second locking element is to be moved to set the desired locking position. The first and second locking directions can be opposite.In other words, the first locking direction can point in a direction opposite to the second locking direction. Furthermore, the first and second locking directions can be arranged parallel to each other.

[0037] The first and second locking positions can constitute end positions. In other words, the first and second locking positions can form end positions when the first or second locking element is actuated. In the present disclosure, the term "end position" describes a position beyond which an element cannot be moved relative to its receiving position. For example, if an element is moved in a first direction and thus reaches an end position, this element cannot be moved further along this first direction, i.e., it cannot be moved beyond this end position. Accordingly, this means that the first or second locking element cannot be moved beyond the corresponding locking position by actuating or moving it in the first or second locking direction.This prevents the first or second locking element from being unintentionally released from each other due to excessive actuation, thus preventing the unintentional separation of components. Furthermore, the first and second locking directions can be parallel to the width direction of the coupling unit, i.e., perpendicular to the thickness direction and the end face direction.

[0038] The proposed structural component is preferably designed to be structurally coupled with at least one further component, in particular another structural component of the modular system. The further component preferably comprises an identical further coupling unit on at least one end face. The coupling unit can be designed and configured to be positively connected to the identical further coupling unit of the further component. In a further development, the coupling unit can be designed and configured such that, in a coupling state in which the coupling unit is engaged with the further coupling unit, i.e., in the engagement state or the locking state, an adjustment of the first and second locking elements relative to each other causes an adjustment of further locking elements of the further coupling unit relative to each other.This allows for particularly easy assembly and disassembly of the structural component. According to one embodiment, the coupling unit can be designed such that, in the coupled state, adjusting the first locking element relative to the second locking element of the coupling unit causes an adjustment of a further first locking element of the further coupling unit by pressing the first locking element against the further first locking element.

[0039] The following procedure can be used to connect the structural component and the other structural component. First, the locking elements of the coupling unit and the other coupling unit can each be moved to their unlocked position. Then, the structural component and the other structural component can be engaged such that the coupling unit and the other coupling unit are each in the engaged state. From this state, the first and second locking elements of the coupling unit and the other coupling unit can be moved relative to each other either to the first locking position or the second locking position. In this way, the coupling unit and the other coupling unit can be brought into the locked state.The coupling unit can be designed such that adjusting the first and second locking elements relative to each other into their first or second locking position also adjusts the locking elements of the subsequent coupling unit relative to each other into their second or first locking position. In other words, when the coupling unit and the subsequent coupling unit are coupled, adjusting the position of the first and second locking elements of the coupling unit relative to each other can cause the locking elements of the subsequent coupling unit to be adjusted, and vice versa.

[0040] The coupling unit can comprise at least two coupling receptacles. The coupling receptacles preferably comprise spaced-apart receiving areas in which, in the engaged state of the coupling unit, locking elements of the further coupling unit of the further component are arranged. The coupling receptacles can be arranged adjacent to a second locking element. In particular, a first coupling receptacle and a second coupling receptacle can be arranged on opposite sides of the second locking element. According to one embodiment, each of the at least one second locking element can be adjacent on one side to a first coupling receptacle and on the opposite side to a second coupling receptacle. A coupling receptacle can be associated with several second connecting elements, especially if it is arranged between two second connecting elements.In the first locking position, the first locking element, in particular each of the at least one first locking element, can project at least partially into a first coupling receptacle associated with it, and in the second locking position, it can project at least partially into a second coupling receptacle associated with it. Alternatively or additionally, in the unlocking position, the first locking element, in particular each of the at least one first locking element, can be arranged spaced apart from or adjacent to the first and second coupling receptacles associated with it. Specifically, in the unlocking position, the first locking element can be arranged completely within the second locking element associated with it.In the first locking position and in the second locking position, the first locking element can project at least partially out of the second locking element, in particular into a coupling receptacle.

[0041] According to a further development, the coupling unit can include an actuation mechanism, which can also be referred to as an actuation unit. The actuation mechanism can be configured to transmit an actuation or movement of a control element into an adjustment or movement of the at least one first and at least one second locking element relative to each other. In other words, an actuation of the control element can result in an actuation, i.e., a movement, of the first locking element relative to the second locking element, or vice versa. In a further development, an actuation mechanism can be provided that transmits an actuation of a control element into the actuation of first or second locking elements of several coupling units.

[0042] In this context, the term "operating element" refers in particular to a mechanical interface by means of which a technician can actuate the coupling unit to adjust the locking elements relative to each other. The operating element may be designed in such a way that it can be positively engaged with a tool, for example, a screwdriver. This simplifies operation of the operating element for the technician and / or prevents unintentional activation.

[0043] In general, the actuating mechanism can be configured to translate an actuation of the control element into an actuation of at least one first and / or second locking element, and in particular, of several first and / or second locking elements. The actuating mechanism can be designed such that an actuation of the control element translates into an actuation of at least two first and / or at least two second locking elements. In other words, by actuating a control element, at least two first or second locking elements can be adjusted, in particular moved translationally. In this way, several locking elements can be actuated simultaneously by means of a single actuating element, thereby simplifying the assembly or disassembly of the structural component.Furthermore, by actuating a control element, locking elements of several coupling units, in particular two coupling units arranged in the coupled state relative to each other, can be moved.

[0044] The actuating mechanism can be incorporated into, and in particular completely incorporated into, the end face of the structural component associated with the coupling unit, with the actuating element being accessible to an installer from the outside, i.e., outside the structural component. According to a further development, the actuating mechanism can comprise a first and a second actuating element, wherein the first actuating element can be arranged on a first side of the structural component and, in particular, be accessible from that side, and the second actuating element can be arranged on an opposite side of the structural component and, in particular, be accessible from that side.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the actuating mechanism can be designed and configured to translate a translational or rotational actuation of the control element, i.e., a translational movement or rotation of the control element, into a translational movement of the at least one first and / or the at least one second locking element. Alternatively or additionally, the actuating mechanism can be configured to translate a translational or rotational actuation of the control element into a rotational movement of the at least one first or the at least one second locking element.

[0046] In a further development, the actuating mechanism can include at least one locking unit, which may be configured to prevent adjustment of the first and / or the second locking element. This prevents the first and second locking elements from being unintentionally adjusted relative to each other. In particular, the locking unit may be configured to hold the first and second locking elements relative to each other in the unlocked position and / or the first locking position and / or the second locking position. The locking unit can operate between a locked state and a released state. In the locked state, the locking unit may be configured to prevent adjustment of the locking elements. In the released state, however, the locking unit may be configured to allow adjustment of the locking elements.

[0047] Alternatively or additionally, the actuating mechanism can include at least one resistance unit, which may be configured to define a minimum actuating force for the control element. In this context, "minimum actuating force" refers to a force acting on the control element in a desired direction of actuation, which is required to actuate the control element in the desired direction. Only when an actuating force reaches the minimum actuating force with respect to its direction and magnitude will the locking elements be adjusted. The minimum actuating force thus describes a resistance, in particular a mechanical resistance, such as a holding force, that must be overcome to actuate the control element and thus adjust the first and second locking elements relative to each other.In other words, the resistance unit is designed to allow actuation of the control element to adjust the first and second locking elements relative to each other when a directed actuating force acting on the actuating element exceeds a predetermined threshold, i.e., the minimum actuating force.

[0048] The resistance unit can be designed and configured to adjust the minimum actuation force of the control element depending on the position of the first and second locking elements relative to each other. In other words, the minimum actuation force required to operate the control element and thus adjust the first and second locking elements relative to each other can depend on the position of the first and second locking elements relative to each other.The minimum actuation force of the control element can be greater in a state where the first and second locking elements are positioned relative to each other in the first locking position and / or the second locking position and / or the unlocking position, compared to a state where the first and second locking elements are positioned relative to each other between the first locking position and the unlocking position and / or between the second locking position and the unlocking position. This prevents unintentional actuation of the control element. Furthermore, it ensures that the first and second locking elements are reliably moved relative to each other into predefined positions and cannot be unintentionally moved out of these positions. This also allows for stepwise adjustment.

[0049] According to a further development, the resistance unit can comprise a guide pin and a spring element attached to it, wherein the spring element presses against the guide pin and is elastically deformable or deformed. When the operating element is actuated, the guide pin and the spring element are moved relative to each other. This design creates a mechanical resistance on the operating element. The spring element can be provided with predefined notches, for example, three spaced-apart notches, each corresponding to one of the following positions: the first locking position, the second locking position, and the unlocking position. In other words, in a state where the guide pin is positioned in a notch of the spring element, the first and second locking elements are arranged in the first locking position, the second locking position, or the unlocking position.Positioning the guide pin in the notch of the spring element increases the mechanical resistance required to actuate the control element in this state, and consequently, the minimum actuation force is increased. In other words, when the guide pin is located in a notch of the spring element, a higher actuation force is required to adjust the control element compared to when the guide pin is positioned away from the notches, for example, between them. Alternatively, the adjustable actuation force can be achieved by making the spring element wedge-shaped, allowing the guide pin to be pressed against the wedge-shaped surface of the spring element.The spring element and the guide pin can be designed such that a movement of the guide pin induced by the control element is perpendicular to any deflection movement of the spring element and / or perpendicular to the spring force acting on the guide pin. This prevents damage to the spring element caused by excessive and / or unintentionally strong actuation of the control element.

[0050] The structural component can consist of just one material, particularly a plastic. This means that all components of the structural component can be made of the same material. In this way, a high degree of material purity can be ensured, leading to high recyclability of the structural component. Thus, the structural component can be subjected to a recycling process with little or no additional effort. After reaching its intended service life and / or in the event of damage, the structural component, either individually or in combination with other structural components that form an assembly, can be directly subjected to a comminution process, for example, by shredding, without a complex separation procedure. The resulting granules can then serve directly as raw material or semi-finished products for new structural components and be further processed accordingly.

[0051] In any case, the end faces and the at least one first and at least one second locking element can be made of the same material. In connection with the present invention, it has been found that if at least the end faces and the locking elements are made of the same material, uniform thermal expansion of the structural component can be ensured, so that the structural component can be reliably connected to and detached from other components over a wide temperature range. Furthermore, the actuating mechanism and / or the inner section of the structural component can be made of the same or a different material as the end faces and the locking elements.

[0052] As described above, the structural component, particularly its end faces and locking elements, can be made of a plastic, especially a thermoplastic. For example, polypropylene and / or an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, especially ABS plastics, and / or polyamide and / or polylactic acid can be used. The use of a plastic allows the material to be reused, particularly multiple times. Thus, a structural component that is damaged or has reached the end of its intended service life can be ground into granules, from which a new structural component can be produced, for example, by injection molding. Alternatively or additionally, the structural component can be made of wood. Furthermore, structural components of an assembly can consist of different materials.

[0053] The structural component can be designed such that the actuating mechanism and / or the first and / or second locking elements are completely integrated within the structural component. The actuating mechanism and / or the first and / or second locking elements can be incorporated into the structural component in such a way that they cannot be removed without damage. For example, the structural component can be constructed from two plate or shell halves between which the actuating mechanism and / or the first and / or second locking elements are located and which are integrally or materially bonded to one another. In this way, the actuating mechanism and / or the first and / or second locking elements can be positively locked within the structural component.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the structural component can be manufactured using an additive manufacturing process, in particular 3D printing. Alternatively, individual components of the structural component, such as the plate or shell halves, can first be manufactured by injection molding and then joined together, in particular by welding. For example, ultrasonic welding can be used for this purpose. Alternatively or additionally, the plate or shell halves can be joined by adhesive bonding or by another joining method. In this way, the two plate or shell halves can first be prepared, into which the at least one actuation mechanism is then inserted before they are joined.

[0055] Furthermore, an assembly is proposed, which is intended in particular for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems or in buildings. The assembly comprises at least two interconnected structural components with the features described above. The structural components are preferably connected to one another via one of their coupling units, in particular by positive locking and / or friction locking. The assembly can form a receiving device for goods and, in particular, be a container, a tray, etc. Furthermore, the assembly can form an object for buildings, such as a panel, a cladding element, a piece of furniture, in particular a chair, a table, a counter, etc. The assembly can also form an exhibition stand or parts thereof.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the assembly can comprise at least five interconnected structural components, each of which can include four end faces, each with a coupling unit. Four structural components can be coupled to another structural component at three different end faces, and one structural component can be coupled to another structural component at four different end faces. In this way, a container, in particular a container with an opening, can be created. Such a container can comprise at least five identical structural components or consist of at least five identical structural components. Alternatively, the container can be constructed from different structural components.To provide such a container with a pivotable lid, an additional structural component can be provided which is positively connected at one end face to an end face of one of the other structural components and pivotable about a width direction of the end face.

[0057] The structural components of the assembly can be designed differently with regard to their form and function. For example, the length and / or width of a first structural component of the assembly can be greater or smaller compared to a second structural component of the assembly. The first and second structural components can be connected to each other along their end faces. The connected end face of the first structural component can be larger, in particular twice as large or substantially twice as large, as the connected end face of the second structural component. In this way, the first structural component can be connected to two second structural components at the same end face. The end faces of the first and second structural components can be connected in such a way that they are flush at least on one side.Alternatively, the first and second structural components can be designed in such a way that their coupled end faces do not lie flush against their sides.

[0058] The assembly can be constructed from components of a modular system comprising the first and second structural components. The modular system can include further components that can be integrated into the assembly. For example, the modular system can have structural components of different lengths and widths that can be connected to each other via their end faces. Furthermore, the modular system can include a connection device by means of which two structural components can be structurally coupled to each other via their internal sections. The modular system can also include a folding connection device designed to be inserted between the two end faces of two structural components to be joined, in order to allow the structural components to be pivoted relative to each other by more than 300°, in particular by 360° or substantially 360°.

[0059] Furthermore, another assembly is described according to an example that is helpful for understanding the present invention. This further assembly is intended for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems or in structural installations. The further assembly comprises a first and a second plate- or shell-shaped structural component with at least three end faces, at least two of which are formed with corresponding coupling elements, wherein the coupling elements of a first end face of the first structural component are engaged with the corresponding coupling elements of a second end face of the second structural component.Furthermore, the assembly includes a coupling rod designed to correspond to the coupling elements, which connects the coupling elements of the first end face to the coupling elements of the second end face in a form-fitting and detachable manner. The coupling rod comprises a first connecting element at a first end section and a second connecting element, designed to correspond to the first connecting element, at a second end section arranged opposite the first end section. The first and second structural components can be identical in design.

[0060] The connecting elements of the coupling rod allow multiple coupling rods to be coupled together. In this way, several additional structural components arranged in the same plane can be coupled and detached from each other with reduced effort.

[0061] To release the positive-locking connection between the coupling elements, the coupling rod can be moved along its longitudinal direction, in particular in both a first and an opposite second direction along the longitudinal direction, relative to the coupling elements. For this purpose, the coupling elements can be provided with cylindrical recesses, wherein the longitudinal axes of the individual cylindrical recesses are aligned, i.e., coincide.

[0062] In comparison to the previously described structural component, the second structural component does not require initial locking elements and can therefore have a simpler design. Consequently, the first and second additional structural components may differ from the previously described structural component with regard to the coupling elements on their end faces. Furthermore, the first and second additional structural components may exhibit the features previously described in connection with the structural component. For example, the end faces of the additional structural component may form a frame. Additionally, the first and second additional structural components may have an inner section. This inner section may be designed in a manner analogous to the inner section of the previously described structural component.The subsequent structural component can also be dimensionally similar to the preceding structural component. The subsequent structural component can be provided with four end faces and be cuboid in shape. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling elements of the first and / or second subsequent structural component can be arranged point-symmetrically, particularly in a longitudinal section, i.e., transversely to the thickness direction, or mirror-symmetrically, particularly along a diagonal in the longitudinal section.

[0063] The coupling elements of the first and second additional structural components can be designed in accordance with the second connecting elements of the previously described structural component. The first and second additional structural components can be positively coupled to the previously described structural component, in particular by means of the at least one first connecting element of the previously described structural component. For this purpose, the previously described structural component can be brought into an engagement state with the first or second additional structural component, whereupon the at least one first connecting element can then be moved into the first or second locking position to create a locking state between the components.

[0064] The first connecting element of a first coupling rod can be positively and / or force-fitted to the second connecting element of a second coupling rod. The first connecting element can be in the form of a threaded rod and the second connecting element in the form of a correspondingly designed threaded bore, or vice versa. In this way, several coupling rods can be screwed together. In the area of ​​the first and second connecting elements, the coupling rod can have a cross-sectional profile whose outer contour is not circular. For example, the outer contour of the cross-sectional profile can be in the form of a polygon, such as a square or hexagon. This allows an installer to easily apply torque along a longitudinal axis of the coupling rod to the coupling rods being connected or disconnected, for example, using a wrench.

[0065] The coupling elements can be integrally formed with the other structural component. The other structural component can be designed as an integral part. Furthermore, the other structural component can be made of the same material as the previously described structural component. The coupling rod can be made of the same material as the first and second other structural components.

[0066] The coupled first and second further structural components can be pivoted relative to each other by essentially 210° or 240° about a pivot axis running along the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod. Brief description of the characters

[0067] Preferred further embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by the following description of the figures. These show: Figure 1 shows a top view of a structural component of a modular system; Figure 2 shows a perspective longitudinal section of the component. Fig. 1 shown structural component; Figure 3, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a coupling unit of the structural component; Figure 4, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a coupling unit of the structural component in an unlocked position; Figure 5, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the coupling unit in a first locking position; Figure 6, a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling unit in a second locking position; Figures 7 to 9, an enlarged view of an actuating element of the coupling unit in different positions; Figure 10, a perspective view of an assembly comprising two structural components in an engaged state; Figure 11, a perspective longitudinal sectional view of the in Fig. 10shown assembly; Figures 12 to 14: an enlarged longitudinal section view of coupled coupling units of the assembly in different states; Figure 15: a cross-sectional view of an end face of the structural component; Figures 16 and 17: a perspective view of another assembly in different states; Figures 18 to 20: a perspective view of another assembly in different states; Figure 21: a top view of components of the modular system; Figures 22 to 24: a perspective view of another assembly in different states; Figure 25: a perspective view of another assembly; Figure 26: a perspective view of another assembly in a disassembled state; Figure 27a: a detailed perspective view of another assembly in different states; Figure 28: a perspective exploded view of another assembly;Figure 29: a perspective view of the in; Fig. 27 shown assembly; Figure 30 a perspective view of another assembly; Figures 31 to 35 perspective views of an assembly according to an example that is helpful for understanding the present invention; Figure 36 enlarged details of a coupling rod; and Figure 37 a perspective view of an assembly according to an example that is helpful for understanding the present invention. Detailed description of preferred embodiments

[0068] Preferred embodiments are described below with reference to the figures. Identical, similar, or equivalent elements in the different figures are designated with identical reference numerals, and repeated descriptions of these elements are sometimes omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0069] Figure 1Figure 10 shows a structural component 10, which forms a part of a modular system. The structural component 10 is designed to be structurally connected with identical or other components of the modular system to create assemblies for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems, or in buildings. Such assemblies can form a receiving device for goods and may, for example, be in the form of a container or a transport box.

[0070] In the configuration shown here, the structural component 10 is plate-shaped. Alternatively, the structural component 10 can be shell-shaped. The structural component 10 comprises four end faces 12, with the angle between any two adjacent end faces 12 being 90°. The structural component 10 has a length and width of 40 cm and a thickness of 1.6 cm.

[0071] Each end face 12 is provided with a coupling unit 14. In the configuration shown here, the end faces 12 and coupling units 14 of the structural component 10 are identical in design. The end faces 12 form a frame that encloses and laterally limits an inner section 16 of the structural component 10. In the present configuration, the inner section 16 is integrally connected to the frame formed by the end faces 12 and is provided in the form of a plate-shaped structure with regular recesses, i.e., a grid-like structure. The inner section 16 is additionally provided with a recess forming a handle 18. Alternatively, the inner section can be detachably received in and connected to the frame, in particular in a way that allows it to be exchanged for other inner sections. Furthermore, the inner section can be made of a transparent material and / or be in the form of a continuous plate, i.e.,without regular exceptions, be trained.

[0072] In the configuration shown here, structural component 10 is made of a single material. In other words, all the elements of structural component 10 shown are made of the same material, more precisely a plastic, specifically polypropylene. In addition to the one related to the Fig. 1 In the configuration of structural component 10 shown and the elements contained therein, structural component 10 may include further elements which may be made of the same or a different material.

[0073] The structural component 10 is designed to be coupled to other components, in particular to another structurally identical component, via its end faces 12. To enable this structural coupling, i.e., to structurally connect the structural component to another component, coupling units 14 are provided. In other words, the coupling units 14 are designed to structurally connect the structural component 10 to other components, in particular to form-fit connection with another structural component of the modular system.

[0074] To better illustrate the coupling units 14, in Fig. 2Structural component 10 is shown in a longitudinal section in which an upper plate half is omitted, which is mirror-symmetrical to a lower plate half 19 shown. The structure and functionality of the coupling units 14 are described below using one of the coupling units 14 of structural component 10 as an example; these descriptions apply accordingly to the other coupling units 14 of the structural component. The features described in this context are therefore also considered disclosed for the other coupling units 14 of structural component 10.

[0075] As in Fig. 3As shown, the coupling unit 14 comprises several first locking elements 20 and correspondingly designed second locking elements 22 in a corresponding number. In the embodiment shown here, the coupling unit 14 comprises six first locking elements 20 and six second locking elements 22. Alternatively, the coupling unit 14 can comprise more or fewer than six first and second locking elements 20, 22, for example, exactly one first and exactly one second locking element 20, 22. The first and second locking elements 20, 22 are made of the same material as the remaining elements of the structural component 10, in particular as the end face 12.

[0076] The first locking elements 20 are provided in the form of a cylindrical pin or bolt, the longitudinal axis of which extends parallel to a lateral direction X of the end face 12 and the coupling unit 14. The second locking elements 22 are formed by projections that extend from the end face 12 in an end-facing direction Y and are each provided with a through-opening corresponding to the first locking elements 20. The through-openings extend along the lateral direction X of the coupling unit 14 and serve as a receptacle for the first locking elements 22.

[0077] The first locking elements 20 are adjustable relative to the second locking elements 22, specifically translationally movable along the width direction X of the coupling unit 14. In other words, the first locking elements 20 are slidably mounted in the structural component 10, while the second locking elements 22 are integrally formed on the end face 12 and are therefore not adjustable. The first locking elements 20 are adjustable to different positions relative to the second locking elements 22. More precisely, the first locking elements 20 are adjustable relative to the second locking elements 22 between a first locking position, an unlocking position, and a second locking position.

[0078] In the configuration shown here, the coupling units 14 and their components are provided in such a way that they are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner, in particular they are adjustable into a point-symmetrical position relative to each other, as shown in the diagram. Fig. 2 This is evident. In particular, the second locking elements 22 are arranged point-symmetrically, and the first locking elements 20 can be arranged point-symmetrically, for example, if all locking elements 20 are in the unlocked position or the first or second locking position. Alternatively, the coupling units 14 can be arranged mirror-symmetrically, for example, along a plane parallel to the thickness direction of the structural component 10 and, in particular, along a diagonal of the structural component 10.

[0079] Fig. 4Figure 14 shows the coupling unit in a state in which its first locking elements 20 are arranged in the unlocked position. In this state, the first locking elements are each completely enclosed within a second locking element 22 associated with them.

[0080] To form a positive-locking connection between the structural component 10 and the further component, the first locking elements 20 are adjustable relative to the second locking elements 22 from the unlocked position to the first locking position by actuation, in particular by moving the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22 in a first locking direction L1, as shown in Fig. 4indicated by an arrow. In other words, by moving the first locking elements 20 from their unlocked position into the first locking direction L1, they assume the first locking position. This first locking position forms an end position for the first locking elements 20 and is in Fig. 5 shown.

[0081] To form the positive locking connection, the first locking elements 20 are adjustable relative to the second locking elements 22 from the unlocked position to the second locking position. For this purpose, the first locking elements 20 are adjustable from the unlocked position to the second locking position by actuation, in particular by moving the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22 in a second locking direction L2, as shown in Fig. 4indicated by a further arrow. In other words, by moving the first locking elements 20 from their unlocked position into the second locking direction L2, they assume the second locking position. This second locking position forms another, opposite end position for the first locking elements 20 and is in Fig. 6 shown.

[0082] In the configuration shown here, the first locking direction L1 points in a direction opposite to the second locking direction L2. Furthermore, the first locking direction L1 and the second locking direction L2 are arranged parallel to the width direction X and transverse to the end-face direction Y and to a thickness direction Z of the coupling unit 14.

[0083] As in Figures 4 to 6As shown, the coupling unit 14 comprises several recesses forming coupling receptacles 24, which are arranged adjacent to the second locking elements 22. More precisely, each second locking element 22 abuts a first coupling receptacle 24 along the width direction X of the coupling unit 14 and a second coupling receptacle 24 on the opposite side. As shown in Fig. 4 As shown, in the unlocked position, the first locking elements 20 are arranged adjacent to or spaced apart from the coupling receptacles 24, which are adjacent to the second locking element 22 associated with them. In the first locked position, each of the first locking elements projects sectionally into the first coupling receptacle 24 of the second locking element 22 associated with it, as shown in Fig. 5shown. In contrast, in the second locking position, each of the first locking elements 20 projects section by section into the second coupling receptacle 24 of the second locking element 22 associated with it, as shown in Fig. 6 shown.

[0084] As in Fig. 3 As shown, the coupling unit 14 further comprises an actuating mechanism 26, which is configured to transmit an actuation of a control element 28 into an actuation of the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22. In particular, the actuating mechanism 26 is configured to transmit a translational movement of the control element 28 in a direction along the width direction X of the coupling unit 14 into a translational movement of the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22 along the width direction X of the coupling unit 14.

[0085] The actuating mechanism 26 comprises a rail 30 movably mounted along the width direction X of the coupling unit 14. The first locking elements 20 are each fixedly connected to the rail 30 at different locations by means of coupling pins 32. The operating element 28 comprises two hollow cylindrical projections that protrude in the thickness direction Z on opposite sides of the rail 30. The hollow cylindrical projections are each guided in a recess 34 on opposite sides of the end face 12 in the thickness direction, as shown in Figures 7 to 9 As shown. This design exposes the hollow cylindrical projections, making them accessible to a technician. The hollow cylindrical projections are designed so that they can be operated manually by a technician and / or serve as a mechanical interface for a tool, such as a screwdriver.

[0086] The control element 28 can be moved incrementally between three positions. More precisely, the control element 28 can be moved between two end positions and an intermediate position. In a first end position, as in Fig. 7 As shown, the hollow cylindrical projections of the operating element 28 rest against an end section of the recess 34 and the first locking elements 20 are arranged in the first locking position. In a second end position, as shown in Fig. 8 As shown, the hollow cylindrical projections of the operating element 28 abut an opposite end section of the recess 34, and the first locking elements 20 are arranged in the second locking position. In the intermediate position, as shown in Fig. 9 As shown, the hollow cylindrical projections of the control element 28 are arranged between the first and second end positions and the first locking elements 20 are positioned in the unlocking position.

[0087] As in Figures 4 to 6As shown, the actuating mechanism 26 further comprises a resistance unit 36, which is configured to set a minimum actuating force of the control element 28. In this way, unintentional actuation can be prevented, for example, by a weight force acting on the actuating mechanism 26. In particular, the resistance unit 36 ​​is configured to set a minimum actuating force of the control element 28 depending on the position of the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22. In this way, stepwise adjustment is to be provided. For this purpose, the resistance unit 36 ​​comprises a guide pin 38 and a spring element 40 attached to it. The guide pin 38 is fixedly connected to a side wall of the end face 12, and the spring element 40 is fixedly connected to the rail 30.In the configuration shown, when the control element 28 is actuated, the spring element 40 presses against the guide pin 38 and is elastically deformed. When the control element 28 is actuated, the guide pin 38 and the spring element 40 move relative to each other. This design creates mechanical resistance on the control element 28. To enable stepless adjustment, the spring element 40 is provided with predefined notches, specifically three spaced-apart notches. Each notch corresponds to one of the positions of the first locking element 20: the first locking position, the second locking position, and the unlocking position.Positioning the guide pin 38 in the notch of the spring element 40 results in increased mechanical resistance when actuating the control element in this state, and accordingly increases the minimum actuating force required to actuate the control element 28 compared to a position in which the guide pin 38 is located between two notches of the spring element 40.

[0088] This design ensures that the resistance unit 36 ​​is configured such that the minimum actuating force of the control element 28 is greater in a state in which the first locking elements 20 are arranged relative to the second locking elements 22 in the first locking position, the second locking position and the unlocking position compared to a state in which the first locking elements 20 are arranged relative to the second locking elements 22 between the first locking position and the unlocking position and between the second locking position and the unlocking position.

[0089] In a further development, the coupling unit 14 or the structural component 10 can include a locking mechanism or locking unit configured to prevent adjustment of the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22. For this purpose, the locking unit can fix a position of the operating element 28. For example, the locking unit can be in the form of a cap that can be positively connected to the recess 34 and the hollow cylindrical projection arranged therein, in order to fix the hollow cylindrical projection and thus the operating element 28 relative to the recess 34. Alternatively, the locking unit can be configured to create a positive-locking and releasable connection with the rail 30, thereby fixing the first locking elements 20 relative to the second locking elements 22.The locking unit may also include a locking device to prevent unauthorized or unintentional operation of the operating element 28. For example, the locking device may be configured to allow operation of the locking unit using a mechanical or electronic key, whereas operation without a key remains blocked.

[0090] As described above, structural component 10 is designed to be structurally connected to an identical or other component of the modular system. The following section refers to... Figs. 10 to 14 A procedure for the form-fitting connection of structural component 10 with an identical further structural component 10' is described. Reference symbols preceded by an apostrophe refer to elements of the further structural component 10'.

[0091] First, structural component 10 and the further structural component 10' are provided, whose coupling units 14, 14' to be coupled are set in the unlocked position, i.e., their first locking elements 20 are arranged in the unlocked position. Then, the coupling units 14, 14' to be coupled are brought into the engaged state, as shown in Figs. 10 to 12 shown. In the engaged state, the second locking elements 22, 22' of one coupling unit 14, 14' are each arranged in the coupling receptacles 24', 24 of the other coupling unit 14', 14, as shown in Fig. 12 illustrated.

[0092] Starting from the engaged state, the coupling units 14, 14' to be coupled can each be brought into the locking state by adjusting the locking elements 20, 22, 20', 22' to either the first or second locking position. The coupling units 14, 14' are designed such that adjusting the locking elements 20, 22 of the coupling unit 14 relative to each other to their first or second locking position also adjusts the locking elements 20', 22' of the other coupling unit 14' relative to each other to their second or first locking position. In other words, in the engaged state of the coupling unit 14 and the further coupling unit 14', an adjustment of the position of the first and second locking elements 20, 22 of the coupling unit 14 relative to each other causes an adjustment of the further locking elements 20', 22' of the further coupling unit 14' relative to each other.This is achieved by actuating the control element 28 of the coupling unit 14, which moves the first locking elements 20 and thereby presses against the further first locking elements 20' of the second coupling unit 14'. This moves the coupling unit 14 into the first locking position and the second coupling unit 14' into the second locking position, as shown in . Fig. 13 shown, or conversely, as in Fig. 14 shown.

[0093] Fig. 13 and 14The figures show the locking state between structural component 10 and the further structural component 10'. The coupling units 14, 14' are designed such that, in the locking state, one rotational degree of freedom about an axis S, also referred to as the pivot axis, parallel to the width direction X of the coupling units 14, 14', is released. In other words, in the locking state, structural component 10 and the further structural component 10' can pivot relative to each other about an axis that is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first locking elements 20, 20'. Furthermore, the coupling units 14, 14' are designed such that, in the locking state, the two further rotational degrees of freedom, i.e., about an axis parallel to the end-face direction Y and the thickness direction Z of the coupling units 14, 14', are locked.In the locked state, the translational degrees of freedom along the width, face, and thickness directions X, Y, Z of the coupling units 14, 14' remain locked. In other words, in the locked state, the coupling units 14, 14' form a joint unit, which specifically constitutes a radial bearing about an axis parallel to the width direction X and an axial bearing along this axis. In the locked state, the structural component 10 and the further structural component 10' are pivotable relative to each other about the pivot axis S by 240°. In other words, to pivot the structural component 10 from a first pivot end position to a second pivot end position relative to the further structural component 10', the latter can be pivoted by 240° about the pivot axis S. For this purpose, the coupling units 14, 14' are as shown in [reference missing]. Fig. 15 shown trained.

[0094] Fig. 15Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an end face 12 in a view of a second locking element 22. Points P1 and P2 indicate contact points where a further structural component 10', coupled to the structural component 10, rests in the first and second pivot end positions, specifically with its second locking elements 22'. To enable a desired maximum pivot angle between two structural components 10 in the locked state, the structural arrangement of the contact points P1, P2 and the pivot axis S relative to each other is relevant. The distance between the pivot axis S and a line connecting the contact points P1 and P2 is referred to here as "s" and is 10 mm in the configuration shown. Fig. 15An auxiliary line H, i.e., an imaginary line, is drawn, which is perpendicular to the line connecting the contact points P1 and P2 and intersects the pivot axis S. The distance between the auxiliary line H and the contact points is here referred to as "p" and is 8 mm in the configuration shown. In other words, the ratio of p to s is 0.8 in the configuration shown. In an alternative embodiment of the structural component, the ratio can have a value of essentially 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, or 1, or a value between 0.6 and 1.2.

[0095] Fig. 16 and 17Figure 42a shows a box-shaped assembly, which is particularly intended for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems or structures. The assembly comprises six identical structural components 10, which are positively connected to one another via their end faces 12 and, correspondingly, via their coupling units 14. The base-forming structural component 10 comprises four coupling units 14, each of which is locked to a side-wall-forming structural component 10; that is, the coupled coupling units 14 are in the locked position. Similarly, the side-wall-forming structural components 10 are locked to the base-forming structural component 10 at their bottom-facing end faces 12 via their coupling units 14.Furthermore, the laterally facing end faces 12 of the structural components 10 forming the side wall are locked to the adjacent structural components 10 by means of the coupling units 14. A structural component 10 forming the lid of the box is locked to a structural component 10 forming the side wall only at one end face 12. In this way, the box is provided with a pivotable lid, as indicated by arrow A in . Fig. 16 indicated. To keep the lid in a closed position, as in Fig. 17 To close, a further coupling unit 14 of the structural component forming the lid can be locked to a further structural component 10 forming the side wall. The lid is separated from the Fig. 17 The position shown can be swivelled by 210° to open into a swivel end position.

[0096] Figs. 18 to 20They show another assembly 42b in the form of a box, the lid, base and side walls of which are each made up of four structural components 10 connected to each other in one plane. In the Fig. 18 In the state shown, all coupling units 14 with the coupling units 14 coupled to them are in the locked state. Fig. 19 Figure 42b shows assembly 42b in a further state in which the locking state of individual coupling units 14 is selectively released to provide a pivoting cover 44 and a pivoting side wall door 46 composed of two structural components 10. Individual structural components 10 can also be completely decoupled from assembly 42b, as shown in Figure 42b. Fig. 20 As shown, an opening to the interior of assembly 42b can be released in different ways. The structural components 10 can thus be opened and closed individually or together.

[0097] Fig. 21Figure 1 shows different, interconnectable components of the modular system. The modular system comprises several plate-shaped structural components 10a-10e, which differ in length and / or width. The first structural component, designated by the reference symbol "10a", corresponds to the previously described structural component 10. The different structural components 10a-10e have the same thickness. A second structural component 10b has half the width of the first structural component 10a. Accordingly, the second structural component 10b comprises two end faces 12, each with six first and second locking elements 20, 22, and two further shorter end faces 48, each with three or two first and second locking elements 20, 22.An end face 12 of the first structural component 10a can be coupled and locked to two second structural components 10b arranged side by side in one plane and connected via end faces 12, by means of their shorter end faces 48. A third structural component 10c has half the width and length of the first structural component 10a. The third structural component 10c comprises four shorter end faces 48, each with two or three first and second locking elements 20, 22.

[0098] A fourth structural component 10d has a narrower width than the second structural component 10b, in particular a width narrower by at least the thickness of the structural components 10a-10e. This allows an end face 12 of the first structural component 10a to be coupled and locked to two fourth structural components 10d arranged side by side in a plane, but not coupled via their end faces 12, by means of their shorter end faces. A fifth structural component 10e has a narrower width and length than the third structural component 10c, in particular a width and length narrower by at least the thickness of the structural components 10a-10e.

[0099] Based on the modular system, a variety of different receiving devices for goods can be provided using the five different structural components 10a-e.

[0100] Fig. 22Figure 1 shows a further assembly 42c, created by the different structural components 10a, 10d and 10e, in the form of a box arrangement supported by a Euro pallet 50 and resting flush on it. An advantage of this arrangement is that individual sections of the box arrangement can be selectively opened, thus allowing easy access to the goods contained within, as shown in Figure 1. Fig. 23 The box arrangement 42c is thus provided in the manner of a shelf with lockable compartments or openings. After their intended use, the structural components 10a-10e can be easily disassembled and stored on the Euro pallet 50. This is exemplified in Fig. 24This is indicated by a large number of structural components 10 being bundled in a disassembled state on the Euro pallet 50. To prevent slippage in this stacked state, the structural components 10a-10e can be provided with corresponding connecting elements on their opposite sides, so that in the stacked state two superimposed structural components are positively connected via these connecting elements, particularly in the longitudinal and lateral directions.

[0101] Furthermore, the modular system makes it possible to easily produce individually shaped containers or boxes, especially those adapted to the goods to be transported, such as in Fig. 25 shown in which a further assembly 42d, built from the structural components 10a-10e, is shown.

[0102] As in Fig. 21As shown, the modular system further comprises a first folding connection device 52 and a second folding connection device 54. The folding connection devices 52 and 54 are designed to pivotally couple coupling units 14 of different or identical structural components 10a-10e to each other in such a way that they can be pivoted 360° relative to each other. The second folding connection device 54 is half the length of the first folding connection device 52.

[0103] The folding connection devices 52, 54 comprise a first row of further locking elements 56 and a second row of further locking elements 56 arranged offset from the first row. The further locking elements 56 are formed by projections, each of which is provided with a through-opening corresponding to the first locking elements 20 and is thus similar in design to the second locking elements 22.

[0104] The first row of further locking elements 56 is designed to be positively connected to a coupling unit 14 of any first structural component of the modular system. The second row of locking elements 56 is designed to be positively connected to a coupling unit 14 of any second structural component of the modular system, as shown in Fig. 26 indicated by arrows. The folding connection devices 52, 54 are designed such that, in a coupled state in which a structural component 10a-10e is in engagement with the folding connection device 52, 54, the first locking elements 20 of the coupling unit 14 of the structural component are positively coupled to the further locking elements 56 of the folding connection devices 52, 54 by moving the first locking elements 20 into their locking position.

[0105] The folding connection devices 52, 54 enable the provision of foldable containers or boxes. An example of such an assembly 42e in the form of a foldable box is shown in Figs. 27a to 27f depicted, in which different states of the foldable box are shown, to show the box from an assembled state, as in Fig. 27a shown in a folded state, as in Fig. 27f To enable this, the structural components 10b forming the side walls of the box are each connected to the structural component 10a forming the bottom of the box by means of a folding connection device 52, which is arranged between the coupling units 14 of the coupled end faces 12.

[0106] The modular system also includes connecting devices 58, by means of which two structural components can be structurally coupled to one another via their inner sections 16. In this way, boxes formed by the structural components 10a-10e can also be connected to one another, as in Fig. 28 and 29 shown.

[0107] Fig. 28 and 29 show an assembly 42e formed from several interconnected containers, which is in Fig. 28 in an exploded view and in Fig. 29The assembly 42e is shown in a coupled state. In the assembly shown, the individual containers are each structurally coupled to a container arranged below by four connecting devices 58 and to a laterally adjacent container by two connecting devices 58. The connecting devices 58 comprise two hollow cylindrical plugs or connectors that protrude from a central web on opposite sides. The hollow cylindrical plugs are designed to be positively and / or force-fit connected to recesses in the inner sections 16 of the structural components 10a-10e.

[0108] The modular system further comprises a first and a second strut 60, 62, the second strut 62 being half the length of the first strut 60. The struts 60, 62 are designed to be arranged between and connected to two inner sections of opposing structural components 10a-10e. The connecting devices 58 can be used for this purpose, as shown in Fig. 30shown. For this purpose, the ends of the struts can be received in a recess provided in the plugs of the connecting devices 58. Alternatively, further connecting devices 64 of the modular system can be used for this purpose, which make it possible to attach the struts 60, 62 centrally between two recesses of the structural component 10a-10e. The further connecting device 64 has an elongated central web on which a hollow cylindrical plug is arranged centrally on one side and two further hollow cylindrical plugs are arranged on the opposite side in the area of ​​the end sections of the central web. The struts 60, 62 can be used to increase the mechanical stability of an assembly and / or to subdivide a receiving space of an assembly, as shown in Fig. 30 shown.

[0109] Figs. 31 to 36Figure 1 shows a further assembly 66a according to an example that is helpful for understanding the present invention. The further assembly 66a is accordingly intended for use in storage, bundling, or transport systems or structures. Figs. 31 to 35 The assembly 66a is shown in different states to illustrate the structure of the assembly 66a.

[0110] The further assembly 66a comprises several plate- or shell-shaped further structural components 68, each with four further end faces 70, all of which are formed with corresponding coupling elements 72, wherein the coupling elements 72 of a first further end face 70 of a first further structural component 68 are in engagement with the corresponding coupling elements 72 of a second further end face 70 of a second further structural component 68, as shown in Fig. 31The coupling elements 72 can be designed according to the second connecting elements 22 of the previously described structural component 10. In contrast to the previously described structural component 10, the further structural component 68 does not include any first connecting elements 20 and no actuating mechanism 26. Thus, the further structural component 68 is provided as a component without movable parts. The coupling elements 72 are integrally provided on the further end faces 70.

[0111] Furthermore, the additional assembly 66a comprises coupling rods 74 corresponding to the coupling elements 72, which are designed to positively connect the coupling elements 72 of the engaging further structural components 68. For this purpose, a coupling rod 74 is guided through mutually aligned recesses, in particular cylindrical recesses, in the coupling elements 72, as shown in Fig. 31indicated by an arrow A. The recesses in the coupling elements 72 have a shape that corresponds to the shape of the coupling rod 74. The length of the coupling rod 74 essentially corresponds to the width of the further end face 70 of the further structural component 68. The coupling rod 74 is made of the same material as the further structural components 68. Two coupled further structural components 68 can be pivoted relative to each other by 240° about a pivot axis extending along the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod 74.

[0112] Fig. 32 shows a state in which three further structural components 68 are provided, which are connected to the in Fig. 31The structural components 68 shown form a container. The three additional structural components 68 form side walls of the container and are engaged with the bottom-side end faces 70 of the additional structural component 68 forming one of the bottoms, and with their side end faces 70 of each of the adjacent additional structural components 68 forming side walls. In order to connect these additional structural components 68 in a form-fitting manner, three additional coupling rods 74 are inserted into the engaged coupling elements 72 of the different additional structural components 68, as shown in Fig. 32 as indicated by arrows B. In this way, a positive connection is made with the further structural component 68 forming the base. To further connect the additional structural components 68 forming the side walls in a positive manner, four more coupling rods 74 are inserted into the engaged coupling elements 72, as shown in Fig. 33Indicated by arrows C.

[0113] The container is further fitted with a lid formed by another structural component 68, as shown in Fig. 34 The lid is positioned between a closed and an open position, as shown. Fig. 35 shown, pivotable. For this purpose, the further structural component 68 forming the cover is positively connected at an end face 70 via its coupling elements 72 to coupling elements 72 of a structural component 68 forming a side wall by means of a further coupling rod 74, which is inserted between them, as shown. Fig. 34 indicated by an arrow D.

[0114] The coupling rod 74 comprises a first connecting element 76 at a first end section and a second connecting element 78 corresponding to the first connecting element 76 at a second end section arranged opposite to the first end section, as shown in Fig. 36 shown.

[0115] In the configuration shown here, the first connecting element 76 is in the form of a threaded rod and the second connecting element 78 is in the form of a correspondingly designed threaded bore. In this way, several coupling rods 74 can be screwed together. In the area of ​​the first and second connecting elements 76, 78, the coupling rod 74 can have a cross-sectional profile whose outer contour is not circular. For example, the outer contour of the cross-sectional profile can be in the form of a polygon, such as a quadrilateral or hexagon.

[0116] The first and second connecting elements 76, 78 of the coupling rod 74 enable several coupling rods 74 to be coupled together. In this way, several further structural components 68 arranged in one plane can be coupled and detached from each other with reduced effort, as shown in Fig. 37 shown. In the Fig. 37 In the further assembly 66b shown, according to an example that is helpful for understanding the present invention, a base, two side walls and a lid are each formed by three further structural components 68 coupled in one plane. The base, the two side walls and the lid are positively connected by means of three coupling rods 74 connected via their connecting elements 76, 78.

[0117] Where applicable, all individual features shown in the exemplary embodiments can be combined and / or exchanged without leaving the scope of the invention. Reference symbol list

[0118] 10 Structural component 12 End face 14 Coupling unit 16 Inner section 18 Handle 19 Panel half 20 First locking element 22 Second locking element 24 Coupling receptacle 26 Actuating mechanism 28 Operating element 30 Rail 32 Coupling pin 34 Recess 36 Resistance unit 38 Guide pin 40 Spring element 42 Assembly 44 Cover 46 Side wall door 48 Shorter end face 50 Euro pallet 52 First folding connection device 54 Second folding connection device 56 Additional locking elements 58 Connection device 60 First strut 62 Second strut 64 Additional connection device 66 Additional assembly 68 Additional structural component 70 Additional end face 72 Coupling elements 74 Coupling rod 76 First connection element 78 Second connection element L1 First locking direction L2 Second locking direction H Auxiliary line P1, P2 Contact points S Swivel axis X Lateral direction of the coupling unit Y Frontal direction of the coupling unit Z Thickness direction of the coupling unit

Claims

1. A structural component (10), in particular of a modular system, for use in storage or bundling or transport systems or construction installations, which is of plate-shaped or shell-shaped design and comprises at least three sides (12), wherein at least two sides (12) are provided with a coupling unit (14) for structurally connecting the structural component (10) to a further component (10), and wherein the coupling unit (14) comprises at least one first locking element (20) and at least one correspondingly designed second locking element (22), characterized in that for connecting the structural component (10) to the further component (10), the first and the second locking element (20, 22) are displaceable relative to one another from a release position into a first locking position upon moving the first or the second locking element (20, 22) in a first locking direction (L1) and from the release position into a second locking position upon moving the first or second locking element (20, 22) in a second locking direction (L2).

2. The structural component according to claim 1, wherein the structural component (10) comprises four sides (12) each with a coupling unit (14), and in particular has a width and / or length of substantially 40 cm or substantially 20 cm or substantially 10 cm.

3. The structural component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first or second locking elements (20, 22) are formed integrally with the sides (12) and are arranged in particular in a point-symmetrically or mirror-symmetrically.

4. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coupling unit (14) is configured, in a coupling state in which the coupling unit is in engagement with a structurally identical further coupling unit (14) of the further component (10), to release a rotational degree of freedom about a pivot axis (S) parallel to a width direction (X) of the coupling unit (14).

5. The structural component according to claim 4, wherein, in the coupling state, the structural component and the further component are pivotable relative to one another about the pivot axis by at least 210° or 240°.

6. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and the second locking position constitute end positions.

7. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coupling unit (14) is configured to be connectable in a form-fitting manner to the structurally identical further coupling unit (14) of the further component (10), wherein, in a coupling state in which the coupling unit (14) is in engagement with the further coupling unit (14), an adjustment of the first and second locking element (20, 22) relative to one another brings about an adjustment of further locking elements (20, 22) of the further coupling unit (14) relative to one another.

8. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second locking element (22) adjoins a first receiving space (24) with one side and a second receiving space (24) of the coupling unit (14) with an opposite side, wherein, in the first locking position, the first locking element (20) at least partially protrudes into the first coupling receptacle (24) and, in the second locking position, protrudes at least partially into the second receiving space (24), and wherein, in the unlocking position, the first locking element (20) is arranged at a distance from or adjacent to the first and the second receiving space (24).

9. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the coupling units (14) comprise an actuating mechanism (26) which is configured to transfer an actuation of an control element (28) into an actuation of the at least one first or of the at least one second locking element (20, 22) of the coupling unit (14) assigned thereto.

10. Structural component according to claim 9, wherein the actuating mechanism (26) comprises a resistance unit (36) which is configured to set a minimum actuating force of the operating element (28) depending on a position of the first and second locking element (20, 22) relative to one another.

11. The structural component according to claim 10, wherein the resistance unit (36) is configured such that, in a state in which the first and second locking element (20, 22) are arranged relative to one another in the first locking position and / or the second locking position and / or the release position, the minimum actuating force of the control element (28) is greater in comparison with a state in which the first and second locking element (20, 22) are arranged relative to one another between the first locking position and the release position and / or between the second locking position and the release position.

12. The structural component according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the sides (12) and the first and second locking elements (20, 22) are made of a same material, in particular of a plastic.

13. An assembly unit (42) for use in storage or bundling or transport systems or construction installations, comprising at least two interconnected structural components (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The assembly unit according to claim 13, comprising at least five interconnected structural components (10) which constitute a container.