METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EQUIPPING PRE-MAGNETIZED SINGLE MAGNETS IN A PERMANENT MAGNETIC RUNNER OR STATOR OF AN ELECTRIC MACHINE

Description

[0001] The present invention is based on a magnet transfer device for the magnet assembly of a magnet carrier, ie rotor or stator blank of an electric motor or generator with permanent magnets.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for transferring magnets to a magnet carrier and a system for the automated assembly of a magnet carrier of a rotor or stator of an electrical machine with permanent magnets. STAND DER TECHNIK

[0003] Various methods are known from the prior art for equipping rotors of electric motors / generators with permanent magnets. Such permanent magnet rotors are used in large numbers in DC machines, particularly shunt-wound, series-wound, or compound-wound motors, as well as in three-phase synchronous motors or generators. They are characterized by having permanent magnets of alternating polarity along their rotor circumference, the magnetization of which, in the case of a motor, follows a rotating external stator magnetic field generated by current-carrying coils, thereby rotating the rotor, or, in the case of a generator, voltage is induced in the external stator coils by means of the moving permanent magnetic field through an externally mechanically enforced rotation of the rotor. Such motors are generally designed as synchronous motors, i.e.The rotor rotation follows the magnetic rotation of the external stator magnetic field, allowing only a small slip angle. If a critical slip angle is exceeded, the electric motor stops. Permanent-magnet generators supply alternating or three-phase voltages whose frequency is proportional to the rotor speed.

[0004] Particularly with permanent magnets that are already pre-magnetized, the problem arises that when they are placed on a ferromagnetic rotor blank, they are attracted to the rotor blank and repel each other, so that precise placement at predetermined points on the rotor circumference is difficult due to the magnetic forces that occur. State of the art methods involve placing the magnets one after the other by hand and placing them in a drying oven to allow an adhesive to harden. The permanent magnets used are made of materials such as neodymium, which are brittle and tend to fragment quickly. In particular, pre-magnetized magnet blanks, i.e. magnet carriers, large forces are exerted when they approach a ferromagnetic material. Rotor blanks are usually made of ferromagnetic material, in particular iron, nickel or cobalt.Alloys or mixtures thereof are manufactured to ensure a strong magnetic flux and thus high performance of the electric motor. If magnets are applied manually, an alternating north / south pole orientation of adjacent permanent magnets is ensured by a worker carrying out the assembly. Magnets can be picked up using a gripper, for example, and positioned at a desired location on the circumference of the rotor blank. When attempting to hold the magnets with the gripper, they can jump out of the gripper when approaching the ferromagnetic material. Gripping underneath the permanent magnets can prevent this, but particularly with rotor blanks that have receiving webs, the problem arises that when the magnets are inserted into the receiving grooves of a rotor blank, the webs prevent the gripper from being removed.Furthermore, rather than individual magnets, a row of magnets is usually arranged along the longitudinal axis of a rotor blank. This allows rotor blanks of different lengths and long, extended magnet rows to be equipped, as well as to prevent the risk of a single long magnet breaking. Magnets of the same polarity repel each other, resulting in strong repulsive forces when a row of magnets is placed, making manual placement difficult. Consequently, when placed by hand, there is a risk that magnets will stand up, twist, or jump out of the rotor slots. If the magnets are accidentally moved, their edges will be damaged, and small splinters will become lodged under the magnets, preventing them from being properly bonded to the rotor blank using an adhesive, thus preventing the desired robustness from being achieved.

[0005] Furthermore, it is known from the prior art that permanent magnet blanks can be placed in an unmagnetized state onto a rotor blank and then magnetized using a magnetization process. This process does not pose any problems with repulsive forces when applying the magnet blanks to the rotor. However, in a subsequent step, the rotor must be wrapped with a bandage to hold the blanks in position. These are then exposed to a magnetizing magnetic field with the correct polarity to align the Weiss domains of the permanent magnets.

[0006] In both of the above cases, the magnets are usually attached to the rotor blank using an adhesive, which is then cured in a drying oven. The adhesive is typically applied to the rotor blank using a manual process, in which an adhesive is applied to the rotor blank. The adhesive is usually applied and spread by hand, and then the permanent magnets are placed on the designated surfaces of the rotor blank. The magnets are aligned alternately with their south and north poles around the rotor circumference. These permanent magnets or permanent magnet blanks are supplied in bars or blisters. With pre-magnetized permanent magnets, the attractive forces make placement considerably more difficult. The repulsive forces can shift the previously applied adhesive surfaces, which can lead to significant differences in the quality of the magnet attachment.

[0007] Thus, the two variants mentioned above result in the problems that the adhesive application and thus the adhesive quality of the permanent magnets on the rotor blanks is not uniform, that the permanent magnets can be damaged by the repulsive forces, that additional banding and a magnetization process are required when applying permanent magnet blanks and thus further work steps, and that due to the manual work, only short processing times and high labor costs arise.

[0008] DE 4235873 A1 describes a method for equipping a rotor blank with permanent magnets. First, a base body of the rotor blank is encased in a frame in the form of a grid. The frame has openings suitable for receiving and securing permanent magnets. The permanent magnets can be removed from a removal device arranged axially to the rotor base body and mechanically inserted into the openings using a loading device. Permanent magnets are glued to the rotor blank using adhesive. For insertion, the permanent magnets are inserted radially into the openings of the rotor base body. This inevitably results in repulsive forces, which also entail the disadvantages of the method described in the prior art, so that at least the risk of edge repulsion and damage to the permanent magnets still exists.Alternatively, the aforementioned publication discusses axially sliding permanent magnets into the openings, which would result in any adhesive being smeared and distributed unevenly between the permanent magnet and the rotor base. Thus, a method for producing a permanent-magnet rotor is described, in which a frame on the outer circumference of the rotor serves as a positioning aid for applying the permanent magnets, and in which the size and shape of the openings in the frame correspond exactly to the dimensions of the permanent magnets to be used. In this process, the side walls of the openings are used as guide elements for the permanent magnets, or such guide elements are arranged on the side walls, and the permanent magnets are guided radially toward the outer circumference using a placement machine.Furthermore, a generic use of several magazines is taught, from which the permanent magnets are taken for equipping the rotor.

[0009] DE 199 53 650 C2 describes the production of magnetic rings serving as carrier discs from individual magnetic components, with the specific aim of utilizing the handling and feeding technology of the semiconductor industry. Among other things, the individual magnetic components to be positioned are collected in magazines. At least one of these magazines is used to feed the magnets into the assembly position. A robot is used to assemble the individual magnetic components, and the magnets are removed under constant force- or shape-guided component contact.

[0010] DE 10 2004 027 036A1 discloses a synchronous motor with a rotor in which magnets are secured by clamping elements. The clamping elements consist of webs arranged on the rotor and between the magnets. Grooves are formed in the webs in such a way that they allow the webs to be widened at least in sections on the side facing away from the rotor.

[0011] EP 2 381 563 A2 relates to a magnet transfer device for equipping a rotor blank of an electric motor or generator with permanent magnets or permanent magnet blanks, comprising a magnet carrier device and a rotor guide device, wherein the magnet carrier device comprises a multi-part receiving surface for receiving and defined mounting of at least one permanent magnet / permanent magnet blank, and the rotor guide device comprises clamping means for clamping a rotor blank provided with magnet receiving grooves, linear guide means for linearly guiding the rotor blank in a guide plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, and rotary guide means for axially rotating the rotor, wherein the device is designedTo transfer at least one permanent magnet from the receiving surface of the magnet carrier device into a receiving groove in the rotor blank by means of a combined translational and rotational stripping movement of the rotor guide device and / or the magnet carrier device. This device and the transfer method must be adapted to each magnet carrier type and requires a mechanically complex movement sequence. Permanent magnet transfer is only possible sequentially, so the entire process must be repeated several times for a magnet carrier assembly, requiring a considerable amount of time.

[0012] The aim of the invention is therefore to propose a magnet transfer device, a magnet transfer method and a system for the automated assembly of magnet carriers of a rotor or stator of an electrical machine with permanent magnets, which enable a high working speed and a high-quality assembly of magnet carriers with permanent magnets.

[0013] These objects are achieved by a magnet transfer device and a magnet transfer method for pre-magnetized individual magnets on magnet carriers of a rotor or stator of an electrical machine with permanent magnets / permanent magnet blanks according to the independent claims. Advantageous further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNG

[0014] The invention relates to a method for equipping a permanent-magnet rotor or stator of an electrical machine with pre-magnetized individual magnets, wherein the rotor or stator comprises a magnet carrier with predefined receiving positions for receiving pre-magnetized individual magnets, wherein adjacent individual magnets have alternating polarities N / S with respect to their position on the magnet carrier. According to the invention, the individual magnets are initially temporarily arranged upside down relative to the position in the receiving position in guide positions on a first surface of a guide carrier according to their polarity and position on the magnet carrier, and a transfer magnet carrier is arranged adjacent to a second surface of the guide carrier, which is opposite to the first surface, wherein the transfer magnet carrier comprises adjacent alternatingly polarized magnet regions.which are opposite in polarity to the individual magnets in the guide positions on the guide carrier, so that the individual magnets in the guide positions on the guide carrier are temporarily magnetically fixed by the magnetic areas of the transfer magnet carrier, after which the guide carrier with inserted individual magnets and the transfer magnet carrier is brought into a transfer position adjacent to corresponding receiving positions of the individual magnets of the magnet carrier, and after which a controlled transfer of the individual magnets from the guide carrier to the magnet carrier by means of magnetic repulsion forces takes place by changing the relative position of the transfer magnet carrier to the guide carrier and / or changing the magnetic polarity of the magnetic areas of the transfer magnet carrier.

[0015] In other words, pre-magnetized individual magnets are first placed on guide positions of the guide carrier. The transfer magnet carrier can already be arranged on the opposite surface of the guide carrier to temporarily hold the individual elements in the guide positions by means of magnetic attraction. The guide positions, as well as the receiving positions, can include mechanically complementary recesses or holding elements for mechanically positioning the individual magnets.

[0016] After the guide carrier has been loaded, it is moved together with the transfer magnet carrier, which is fixed in position for this purpose, in the immediate spatial proximity to the magnet carrier of the rotor or stator of the machine to be loaded.

[0017] Through a relative movement of the transfer magnet carrier relative to the guide carrier or a change in the polarity of the magnetic areas of the transfer magnet carrier, magnetic repulsion forces are exerted on the individual magnets in such a way that they are transferred from the guide positions into the receiving positions of the magnet carrier by means of a definable transfer pulse. This transfer pulse can initially cause a snapping of a side area of ​​the individual magnet, as shown in the Figs. 1 bis 3 is shown and will be explained in more detail later. The relative movement can be either a lateral, i.e. parallel, displacement of the transfer magnet carrier to the guide carrier or an axial displacement to increase the distance between the transfer magnet carrier and the guide carrier. Preferably, a combination of parallel and axial displacement can be carried out in order to displace the individual magnets from the guide carrier into the magnet carrier both by an increasing axial spacing distance and by a changed polarity, which is brought about by a parallel displacement between magnet regions of the transfer magnet carrier and the individual magnets.

[0018] The receiving position of the magnet carrier and / or the guide position of the guide carrier can be designed to be shaped to match or complement the individual magnets, in particular having depressions, recesses or other mechanical fixing elements, but can also be designed without special fixing elements, i.e. be smooth or flat.

[0019] The inventive method sequence discussed above at least largely overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above. The inventive method enables precise and, at the same time, material-friendly transfer of the individual magnets into the magnet carrier, so that they can be inserted into the magnet carrier precisely and without damage. At the same time, smearing of an adhesive, preferably present for securing the individual magnets, is advantageously prevented. The inventive method thus enables consistently high assembly quality while simultaneously maintaining a high work speed and a high degree of automation, and is thus advantageously particularly efficient and cost-effective.

[0020] In an advantageous development of the method, the magnetic regions of the transfer magnet carrier consist of individual magnets or are formed by electromagnetic elements, in particular coil elements or magnetic field yokes of an electromagnet. The formation of the magnetic regions using individual magnets advantageously offers the possibility of simple and cost-effective production as well as high robustness. Formation using electromagnetic elements, on the other hand, offers the advantage that the magnetization of the magnetic regions can be switched off and on again almost immediately as needed, so that any disruptive magnetic interactions (repulsions) can be reliably avoided. In particular, in the case of individual magnets, the transfer is brought about by a relative movement of the transfer magnet carrier to the guide carrier, whereas in the case of electromagnetic elements it is brought about by switching the magnetization of the magnetic regions on and off.Depending on the training, this results in further advantages with regard to the design, operation and complexity of the device designed to carry out the process.

[0021] Preferably, the magnetic regions or the individual magnets or electromagnetic elements forming them are detachably connected to the transmission magnet carrier or arranged on it, for example, by force and / or form-fitting. Advantageously, the individual magnets or electromagnetic elements can thus be replaced as needed, for example, in the event of damage or for adjustment purposes.

[0022] Alternatively, the magnetic areas can also be firmly connected to the transfer magnet carrier, in particular in a force-fitting, form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner, for example by being glued or sintered on.

[0023] In an advantageous development of the method, the individual magnets are transferred from the guide carrier to the magnet carrier by changing the relative position of the magnet regions of the transfer magnet carrier to the individual magnets of the guide carrier by means of parallel displacement and / or axial displacement of the magnet regions to the second surface of the guide carrier, in particular rotation or relative displacement of the transfer magnet carrier to the guide carrier, so that the position of the magnet regions of the transfer magnet carrier changes relative to the guide positions of the guide carrier in such a way that a controlled release pulse is exerted on each individual magnet by magnetic force, so that it moves from the guide position to the associated receiving position of the magnet carrier, preferably initially on one side, later on both sides.

[0024] In an advantageous development of the method, the individual magnets are transferred from the guide carrier to the magnet carrier by changing the magnetic polarity of the magnetic regions of the transfer magnet carrier in such a way that their magnetic polarity changes continuously or incrementally such that each individual magnet is transferred from the guide position of the guide carrier to the assigned receiving position of the magnet carrier by means of the magnetic repulsion force of the magnetic regions of the transfer magnet carrier. This advantageously enables particularly precise transfer of the individual magnets.

[0025] In an advantageous development of the method, the guide carrier with guide positions is designed to complement the shape of the magnet carrier with receiving positions, and the transfer magnet carrier with magnetic regions is designed to complement the shape of the guide carrier with guide position, wherein the magnet carrier, guide carrier, and transfer magnet carrier are particularly rod-shaped, disc-shaped, with an inner cylinder shell, or with an outer cylinder shell. Thus, common types of magnet carriers, in particular linear machines, disc rotors or disc stators, and internal or external rotor machines with permanent magnets can advantageously be equipped either on the stator or rotor side. Other geometries of the magnet carrier are also conceivable and can also be equipped by suitable adaptation of the shape of the guide and transfer magnet carriers.

[0026] In an advantageous development of the method, an adhesive layer is applied to the surfaces of the individual magnets facing the receiving positions of the magnet carrier, before or after they are placed in the guide positions of the guide carrier. The adhesive layer is essentially a substance that promotes the adhesion of the individual magnets to the magnet carrier, for example, an adhesive or the like. Advantageously, the individual magnets are thereby securely fixed to the magnet carrier. The adhesive force of the corresponding adhesive is preferably higher than the repulsive or attractive forces between the individual magnets.

[0027] In an advantageous development of the method, the guide carrier consists of a ferromagnetic material, in particular a material containing iron, nickel, or cobalt components, or of a paramagnetic material, in particular aluminum or plastic. Depending on the material selection, this results in various advantages in terms of manufacturing costs and robustness.

[0028] In a secondary aspect, the invention relates to a device for equipping a permanent magnetic rotor or stator of an electrical machine with pre-magnetized individual magnets according to the aforementioned method, wherein the rotor or stator comprises a magnet carrier with predefined receiving positions for receiving pre-magnetized individual magnets.

[0029] According to the invention, it is proposed that at least one guide carrier and at least one transmission magnet carrier are included, wherein their relative position to one another and to the magnet carrier and / or a polarity of the magnetic regions of the transmission magnet carrier to the guide positions of the guide carrier is variable.

[0030] The device preferably comprises means, in particular actuators, bearings, and / or handling devices, for axially displacing, in particular rotating, and / or fixing or locking the guide carrier, transfer magnet carrier, and / or magnet carrier in at least one definable fixing position. For example, these means allow the magnet carrier and / or the guide carrier pre-equipped with the individual magnets to be inserted into the device, and / or the transfer magnet carrier to be arranged to hold the individual magnets in the guide positions and relative to the guide carrier and to be locked in a definable position. This advantageously simplifies the handling of the individual components and increases the degree of automation.

[0031] The invention, in particular, enables the simultaneous transfer of all individual magnets onto a magnet carrier. The controlled transfer movement minimizes the mechanical impulse during transfer and the resulting potential damage to the individual magnets. The use of this assembly method is particularly suitable for series production and enables cost-effective, reliable, and quickly adaptable magnet assembly to various magnet carrier geometries.

[0032] The inventive idea can be applied to both rotary machines and linear machines, and can enable magnet transfer to a round or curved surface, but also to a straight or flat surface of a magnet carrier. ZEICHNUNGEN

[0033] Further advantages will become apparent from the accompanying drawing description. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0034] They show: Fig. 1 A simplified schematic representation of an advantageous device for carrying out an advantageous transfer method for transferring individual magnets onto a magnet carrier according to a first embodiment; Fig.1B A simplified schematic representation of the implementation of the conversion procedure from Fig.1A ; Fig. 2A A simplified schematic representation of the device according to a second embodiment; Fig. 2A A simplified schematic representation of the implementation of the conversion procedure from Fig.2A Fig. 3A A simplified schematic representation of the device according to a third embodiment; and. Fig. 3B A simplified schematic representation of the implementation of the conversion procedure from Fig.3A .

[0035] In the figures, similar elements are numbered with the same reference numerals. The figures are merely examples and are not to be construed as limiting.

[0036] Figur 1A shows a simplified schematic representation of an advantageous device 1 for equipping a permanent-magnetic rotor or stator of an electrical machine. The device 1 is designed to carry out a method, explained in more detail later, for equipping a magnet carrier 2 of the stator or rotor. For reasons of clarity, the rotor or stator is not shown here, only the aforementioned magnet carrier 2.

[0037] The method that can be carried out using the device 1 serves to transfer a plurality of pre-magnetized individual magnets 3 onto the magnet carrier 2 or to insert them into it. The device 1 has a guide carrier 4 and a transfer magnet carrier 5, which are essentially designed to complement the shape of the magnet carrier 2 and are displaceable, in particular rotatable, independently of one another. The device 1 therefore also has means (not shown here for reasons of clarity) for displacing or arranging the guide carrier 4 and the transfer magnet carrier 5. In particular, the magnet carrier 2 can also be displaced or handled, for example, by means of these means or further means, for example by being introduced into the device 1.

[0038] According to the Figur 1A In the first embodiment shown, the magnet carrier 2 is designed as a disc rotor or flat rotor.

[0039] At the beginning of the method which can be carried out by means of the device 1, it is provided that the magnet carrier 2, the guide carrier 4 and the transfer magnet carrier 5 are arranged essentially congruently or in alignment with each other. In this case, as in Figur 1A As can be clearly seen, the guide carrier 4 is arranged between the transmission magnet carrier 5 and the magnet carrier 2, so that the guide carrier faces the magnet carrier 2 with a first surface 9 and the transmission magnet carrier 5 with a second surface 10 opposite the first surface 9.

[0040] The magnet carrier 2 has a plurality of predefined, in this case wedge-shaped, receiving positions 6, which serve or are designed to receive the individual magnets 3. It is provided that the individual magnets 3 are arranged alternately in the receiving positions 6 with respect to the respective adjacent individual magnets 3. In other words, it is provided that the two individual magnets 3 adjacent to an individual magnet 3 have opposite polarity with respect to the one individual magnet 3, as shown in Figur 1 , A is represented by the designations N and S. The designations N and S (North / South) symbolize the pole orientation on the outside of the individual magnets 3.

[0041] Before the individual magnets 3 are transferred to the magnet carrier 2, they are introduced or arranged in or on the guide carrier 4 in a preliminary step. For this purpose, the guide carrier 4 has guide positions 7 that are essentially complementary in shape to the individual magnets 3, in which the individual magnets 3 can be removably mounted. The individual magnets 3 are mounted in the guide positions 7 magnetically by means of the transfer magnet carrier 5, as will be explained in more detail later.

[0042] The leading position 7 are, as in Figur 1A As can be clearly seen, the guide carrier 4 is arranged mirrored to the receiving positions 6 of the magnet carrier 2. In other words, the guide carrier 4 is or will be arranged with respect to the magnet carrier 2 such that the receiving positions 6 and the guide positions 7 are opposite one another or aligned with one another. Both the receiving positions 6 and the guide positions 7 have recesses designed to mechanically fix the individual magnets 3.

[0043] Before being transferred to the magnet carrier 2, the individual magnets 3 are held in the guide carrier 4 by the transfer magnet carrier 5, as already mentioned above. The transfer magnet carrier 5 is also referred to below as the setting plate.

[0044] The transfer magnet carrier 5 or the setting plate is essentially designed to be complementary in shape to the guide carrier 4 and the magnet carrier 2. To hold the individual magnets 3 in the guide carrier 4, the transfer magnet carrier 5 has adjacent, alternately poled magnet regions 8. These magnet regions 8 are preferably individual magnets that are detachable or, in particular, permanently connected to the transfer magnet carrier 5 and / or electromagnetic elements such as coil elements or magnetic field yokes. In particular, if the magnet regions 8 are formed by electromagnetic elements, the magnetization of the transfer magnet carrier 5 or of its magnet regions 8 is controllable.

[0045] The magnetic forces acting between the magnetic regions 8 and the individual magnets 3 arranged in the guide carrier 4 hold the individual magnets 3 in the guide carrier 4 or in the guide positions 7. In the course of the method described in more detail below for transferring individual magnets 3 from the guide carrier 4 to the magnet carrier 2, the individual magnets 3 can be transferred from the guide carrier 4 to the magnet carrier 2 into the corresponding receiving positions 6 by displacing, in particular rotating, the transfer magnet carrier 5 and / or changing the polarization of the magnetic regions 8.

[0046] The procedure will now be based on Figur 1B be explained in more detail.

[0047] At the beginning of the process, in a first step A, the magnet carrier 2, the guide carrier 4, and the transfer magnet carrier 5 are arranged essentially congruently or in alignment with one another. In a preceding step, the individual magnets 3 are inserted into the guide positions 7 of the guide carrier 4 and held in position by the magnetic regions 8 of the transfer magnet carrier 5. The arrangement of the magnet carrier 2, the guide carrier 4, and the transfer magnet carrier 5 is such that the individual magnets 3 are initially temporarily arranged upside down in the guide positions 7 according to their polarity and intended position on the magnet carrier 2. The guide positions 7 are therefore located on the first surface 9 of the guide carrier 4.The transfer magnet carrier 5, in turn, is arranged adjacent to the second surface 10 of the guide carrier, which is opposite the first surface 9. As already mentioned, the individual magnets 3 are magnetically held or fixed in the guide positions 7 by the magnetic regions 8 of the transfer magnet carrier 5.

[0048] In a second step B, the transfer of the individual magnets 3 from the guide positions 7 into the intended receiving positions 6 begins. For this purpose, according to the present exemplary embodiment, the transfer magnet carrier 5 or the setting plate is rotated or displaced relative to the guide carrier 4 by approximately half the width of an individual magnet, so that each individual magnet 3 is exposed on one side to a repulsive magnetic field of an adjacent magnetic region 8. This results in a half-side transfer pulse from the guide position 7 to the receiving positions 6. In other words, a change in the relative position of the transfer magnet carrier 5 to the guide carrier 4 by means of magnetic repulsion forces brings about a controlled transfer of the individual magnets 3 from the guide carrier 4 to the magnet carrier 2.By controlling the speed of the relative position, if necessary in conjunction with an axial movement of the transfer magnet carrier 5 from the guide carrier 4, a simultaneous transfer movement of all individual magnets 3 can be precisely controlled. With increasing rotation or displacement of the transfer magnet carrier 5 or the magnetic areas 8, the attractive forces between the individual magnets 3 and the magnetic areas 8 become increasingly smaller, and the repulsive forces become increasingly larger, since at some point the like-polarized magnetic areas 8 and the individual magnets 3 face each other.

[0049] In a final step C, the individual magnets 3 are finally moved out of the guide positions 7 by the repulsive magnetic forces and fall into the receiving positions 6 of the magnet carrier 2. In other words, the individual magnets 3 are pushed out of the guide positions 7 by the magnetic areas 8 and then temporarily fixed in the receiving positions 6. Subsequently, the individual magnets 3 are firmly fixed in the receiving positions 6 or the magnet carrier 2, for example, by means of an adhesive layer applied beforehand or subsequently to the individual magnets 3.

[0050] As described above, according to the present exemplary embodiment, the individual magnets 3 are moved by displacing the magnetic regions 8 or the transfer magnet carrier 5 relative to the individual magnets 3. Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic regions 8 is also variable and that the individual magnets 3 are moved by a continuous or step-by-step change in the polarity.

[0051] In this case, the magnetic regions 8 are designed, in particular, as the aforementioned electromagnetic elements, which are known to enable controllable magnetization. Thus, particularly when the individual magnets 3 have been moved into their intended transfer position by means of the guide carrier 4, the magnetization of the magnetic regions 8 can be switched off or changed gradually or continuously, so that the individual magnets 3 are no longer held in the guide positions 7 by the magnetic regions 8 due to the lack of magnetic attraction and / or the repulsion effect resulting from the change in polarity, but rather, from a certain point in time, fall or are pushed out of these positions into the receiving positions 6.

[0052] Figs. 2A and 2B as well as Figs. 3A and 3B show the device 1 described above or the method described above according to a second ( Figs. 2A and 2B ) and a third embodiment ( Figs. 3A and 3B ). Identical elements are therefore provided with the same reference symbols, although only the differences will be discussed below.

[0053] The second and third embodiments differ from the one based on Figs. 1A and 1B discussed first embodiment in that the device 1 is no longer prepared for a disc rotor / flat rotor or the magnet carrier 2 is designed as such. Rather, the magnet carrier 2 is designed according to the Figs 2A and 2B shown second embodiment as an internal rotor and according to the Figs. 3A and 3B The third embodiment shown is designed as an external rotor or the corresponding device 1 is designed to equip such a rotor.

[0054] Apart from the corresponding geometric design of the guide carrier 4 and the transfer magnet carrier 5, which is coordinated with the design of the magnet carrier 2, the respective device 1 is otherwise identical to the first embodiment. The method for equipping the magnet carrier 2 by the device 1 is also carried out analogously to the first embodiment. To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above discussions regarding Figs. 1A and 1B which are analogous to Figs. 2A and 2B as well as Figs. 3A and 3B is applicable.

[0055] In all embodiments, the position of the guide positions 7 of the guide carrier 4 corresponds in shape to the position of the receiving positions 6 of the magnet carriers 2, and the position and polarization of the magnet regions 8 of the transfer magnet carrier 5 are identical to the position of the individual magnets 3 on the magnet carrier 2 after implementation has been completed.

[0056] The invention simplifies handling when equipping a wide variety of magnet carriers 2, i.e., rotor or stator blanks, with neodymium magnets, while also significantly simplifying other assembly tasks. Magnet carriers 2 of various sizes and diameters can be equipped, and the assembly process can be monitored automatically. The assembly time for a complete rotor is, in particular, a few seconds, depending on the magnet carrier 2. Only one operator of the magnet assembly system is required, who only has to pick up and remove the magnet carrier 2 and fill the permanent magnet magazines for equipping the guide carriers 4. The invention is suitable for comparable transfer tasks for magnetic materials, wherein the guide carrier 4 and the transfer magnet carrier 5 can be adapted accordingly. Bezugszeichenliste

[0057] 1Device 2Magnet carrier 3Individual magnets 4Guide carrier 5Transfer magnet carrier 6Receiving positions 7Guide position 8Magnet areas 9First surface 10Second surface

Claims

1. A method for fitting a permanent magnetic rotor or stator of an electric motor with premagnetized individual magnets (3), wherein the rotor or stator comprises a magnet carrier (2) with predefined receiving positions (6) for receiving premagnetized individual magnets (3), wherein adjacent individual magnets (3) have alternating N / S polarities relative to their position on the magnet carrier (2), characterized in that the individual magnets (3) are initially temporarily arranged, upside-down to their positioning in the receiving position (6), in guide positions (7) on a first surface (9) of a guide carrier (4) corresponding to their polarity and position on the magnet carrier (2), and a transfer magnet carrier (5) is arranged adjacent to a second surface (10) of the guide carrier (4) which is opposite to the first surface (9), wherein the transfer magnet carrier (5) comprises adjacently magnetic regions (8) of alternating polarity which have the opposite polarity to the individual magnets (3) in the guide positions (7) on the guide carrier (4), so that the individual magnets (3) in the guide positions (7) on the guide carrier (4) are temporarily magnetically fixed by the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5), after which the guide carrier (4) is moved with inserted individual magnets (3) and with the transfer magnet carrier (5) into a transfer position adjacent to corresponding receiving positions (6) for the individual magnets (3) of the magnet carrier (2), and after which a controlled transfer of the individual magnets (3) from the guide carrier (4) onto the magnet carrier (2) takes place by a change in the position of the transfer magnet carrier (5) relative to the guide carrier (4) or by a change in the magnetic polarity of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5) by means of magnetic repulsion forces.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic regions (3) of the transfer magnet carrier (5) consist of individual magnets, or are formed by electromagnetic elements, in particular by coil elements or magnetic field yokes of an electromagnet.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer of the individual magnets (3) from the guide carrier (4) onto the magnet carrier (2) is achieved by a change in the position of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5) relative to the individual magnets (3) of the guide carrier (4) by means of parallel displacement and / or axial displacement of the magnetic regions (8) relative to the second surface (10) of the guide carrier (4), in particular by means of rotation or displacement of the transfer magnet carrier (5) relative to the guide carrier (4), so that the position of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5) changes relative to the guide positions (7) of the guide carrier (4) such that a controlled release impulse is exerted by magnetic force on each individual magnet (3), so that the latter transfers from the guide position (7) to the associated receiving position (6) of the magnet carrier (2).

4. The method according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the transfer of individual magnets (3) from the guide carrier (4) onto the magnet carrier (2) is achieved by a change in the magnetic polarity of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5), such that their magnetic polarity changes continuously or gradually, such that each individual magnet (3) is transferred, by means of magnetic repulsion force of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5), from the respective guide position (7) of the guide carrier (4) to the respective associated receiving position (6) of the magnet carrier (2).

5. The method according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the guide carrier (4) with guide positions (7) is designed complementary in shape to the magnet carrier (2) with receiving positions (6), and the transfer magnet carrier (5) with magnetic regions (8) is designed complementary in shape to the guide carrier (4) with guide positions (7), wherein the magnet carrier (2), the guide carrier (4) and the transfer magnet carrier (5) are designed in particular in the form of a rod, disk, inner cylinder jacket or outer cylinder jacket.

6. The method according to any of the above claims, characterized in that an adhesive coating is applied to those surfaces of the individual magnets (3) facing the receiving positions (6) of the magnet carrier (2) before or after they are set down into the guide positions (7) of the guide carrier (4).

7. The method according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the guide carrier (4) consists of a ferromagnetic material, in particular of a material with iron, nickel or cobalt constituents, or of a paramagnetic material, in particular aluminium or plastic.

8. A device (1) for fitting a permanent magnetic rotor or stator of an electric motor with premagnetized individual magnets (3) according to a method of the above claims 1 to 7, wherein the rotor or stator comprises a magnet carrier (2) with predefined receiving positions (6) for receiving premagnetized individual magnets (3), characterized in that at least one guide carrier (4) and at least one transfer magnet carrier (5) are comprised, whose positions relative to one another and to the magnet carrier (2), or a polarity of the magnetic regions (8) of the transfer magnet carrier (5) to the guide positions (7) of the guide carrier (4), are changeable.