Carding, carding or cleaning machine with a device for removing impurities from a garnished roller

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a carding, combing, or cleaning machine with a device for removing impurities from a garnished roller, which can, for example, be designed as a pre-shredder. The device comprises a removal knife for impurities and an associated suction chamber. The removal knife is mounted on a carrier and its distance from the garnished roller can be adjusted. Regardless of the knife's position relative to the garnished roller, the knife is moved parallel or concentrically to the circumference of the roller to change the removal rate.

[0002] According to the state of the art in textile technology, it is known to remove initial impurities from the fibers of a carding machine, combing machine, or cleaner used for treating cotton, synthetic fibers, or the like, by means of a separating knife that interacts with a coated roller in a narrow gap. The separating knife interacts with a suction hood through which the impurities are drawn off. To achieve a consistent suction effect at the cleaning point, the separating knife and the suction hood are coupled at a defined distance from each other. To shield the airflow from the other components of the carding machine, combing machine, or cleaner, guide elements interact with the suction hood; these elements are either fixed in position or adjustable with the suction hood.The interaction of the cutting knife with the extraction hood and the guide element when adjusting the distance between the cutting knife and the garnished roller is complex and requires high manufacturing accuracy of all components.

[0003] DE 10 231 829 B4 discloses a device for removing impurities from a coated roller. A carrier, adjustable around the circumference of the pre-tearer, is arranged below a pre-tearer and features a removal knife. The impurities are directed along the extension of the knife blade into a suction hood pressurized with negative pressure. Opposite the knife blade, the suction hood has a guide element that interacts with a stationary guide element. When the removal rate of the impurities is adjusted, the carrier, the removal knife, and the suction hood pivot concentrically to the coated roller. The distance between the removal knife and the coated roller remains constant. The guide element of the suction hood is always in contact with the stationary guide element, so that a constant gap remains between the stationary guide element and another roller located upstream of the coated roller.Adjusting the distance between the discharge knife and the coated roller does not change the flow conditions for the extraction hood. These remain constant in every setting position of the discharge knife.

[0004] EP 3 530 780 B1 discloses a carrier with an adjustable separating blade and a stationary extraction hood. To ensure constant flow conditions despite changes in the distance between the moving components, the separating blade and the extraction hood are connected by an elastic membrane, which provides a constant airflow for extracting the contaminants.

[0005] In CN 104047076 B, the extraction hood and the discharge knife are arranged on a common support. When the discharge rate is adjusted, the extraction hood also pivots concentrically to the roller. To avoid influencing the flow conditions, the extraction hood has a guide element with an attached retractable spring element, which replaces the stationary guide element of DE 10231829 B4.

[0006] From DE 10 2012 012 254 A1, a device on a spinning preparation machine, for example a cleaner, carder, or the like, for opening and cleaning fiber material, especially cotton, is known. At least two separating knives or separating edges for impurities, with associated separating openings, are assigned to an opening roller, directed against the direction of rotation. Viewed in the direction of rotation of the opening roller, a first separating knife, adjustable with respect to the roller circumference, is provided, and a guide element is positioned upstream of a second separating knife. In order to improve the removal of foreign matter and reduce the proportion of good fiber in the waste, the first separating knife is displaceable essentially tangentially with respect to the tip circle of the opening roller's assembly, and the distance of the knife edge of the first separating knife to the transfer point between a feed roller and the opening roller is adjustable.

[0007] German patent DE 28 50 340 C2 discloses a removal knife designed to remove contaminants from a sawtooth drum. The knife carrier is arranged concentrically to a release roller positioned upstream of the sawtooth drum, thus forming an adjustable channel between the knife carrier and the release roller.

[0008] A disadvantage of the aforementioned state of the art is its complex construction, which is prone to considerable play and consequently requires adjustment with an undesirably large distance between the removal knife and the coated roller. The mechanical coupling of the extraction hood to the removal knife is also disadvantageous, as a constant airflow, and therefore a constant distance to adjacent components, must always be maintained when the extraction hood is moved. This makes it difficult to achieve a larger adjustment angle concentric to the roller. A larger adjustment angle would allow the removal rate of contaminants to be set over a wider range.

[0009] Accordingly, the invention is based on the objective of further developing a carding, combing or cleaning machine with a device in such a way that, with constant airflow, the adjustability of the removal rate of impurities is improved and the device can be manufactured more cost-effectively.

[0010] The invention solves the stated problem by means of a carding, combing, or cleaning machine with a device having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0011] The device for removing impurities from a garnished roller of a carding, combing, or cleaning machine comprises at least one knife arranged on a knife carrier, the knife carrier being adjustable concentrically to the garnished roller. The device further comprises a stationary suction hood, the inlet opening of which interacts with a lateral opening of a stationary suction duct.

[0012] The invention includes the technical teaching that the knife carrier is adjustable within the suction channel. The movement of the knife carrier is decoupled from the suction hood, so that the masses to be moved are reduced and can be adjusted more precisely with less play. Since the suction hood is fixed in position according to the invention, the airflow for the removal of contaminants must be directed from the knife to the suction hood. For this purpose, a suction channel is arranged between the coated roller and the suction hood, within which the adjustable knife carrier moves. The invention thus has the advantage that only the knife carrier is adjustable, while all other elements of the device are fixed in position. The removal rate of contaminants from the coated roller is changed by adjusting the knife carrier, on which the knife is adjustable.The knife is adjustable on the knife carrier, but its position is not changed during operation. The distance between the knife tip and the garnished roller is set when the machine is started up. After this initial setting, the knife is not adjusted on the knife carrier again.

[0013] The stationary mounting of the extraction hood decouples its weight from the knife carrier. The resulting significantly smaller and lighter knife carrier, including the attached knife, exhibits a much lower tendency to tilt and requires no additional guidance on the extraction hood. Guidance accuracy is improved, and adjustability and assembly are simplified. This allows the knife to be positioned closer to the garnished roller. Decoupling the extraction hood from the knife carrier also increases the knife's swivel angle, as previously the extraction hood's connection to the carding machine's central suction system had to swivel as well. This expands the adjustable range for impurity removal rates.Since, according to the state of the art, the surface of the knife interacts with the opening of the extraction hood, the knife can be made smaller, which reduces the weight of the moving parts and at the same time allows for the cost-effective use of a harder and wear-resistant knife blade.

[0014] The knife holder can be positioned at a distance from the lateral opening of the extraction duct. This prevents the lateral opening of the extraction duct from becoming unduly narrowed or even completely closed when the knife holder is adjusted, thus blocking the airflow for removing contaminants. Preferably, this distance can be achieved using a fixed profile, ensuring a minimum cross-section for airflow within the extraction hood in every position of the knife holder. However, other solutions are also conceivable, for example, by using an alternative contour for the extraction hood, the extraction duct, or the knife holder.

[0015] The knife carrier can have a sliding surface arranged concentrically to the garnishing roller, which interacts with a seal of the profile. The sliding surface of the knife carrier can slide along the stationary profile, with a seal arranged on the stationary profile to prevent flow loss to the extraction hood.

[0016] The knife carrier can be designed to at least partially change the cross-section of the extraction duct during radial adjustment. In a position where the knife carrier is in a high-precipitation environment, the cross-section of the extraction duct can be reduced, thus increasing the flow velocity. Conversely, in a position where the knife carrier is in a lower-precipitation environment, the cross-section of the extraction duct can remain unchanged or even be at its maximum cross-section, resulting in less deflection of the airflow.

[0017] Because the extraction channel is at least partially formed by roller side panels, a cost-effective design is achieved that can be attached to almost any type of decorated roller, regardless of the roller's arrangement and bearing.

[0018] The extraction duct can have a front opening through which an airflow can be directed via a side opening into the inlet of an extraction hood. The front opening can be aligned with a feed roller, from the direction of which air flowing within the spinning preparation machine is captured and extracted.

[0019] To allow the airflow within the extraction duct to flow from the front opening through the side opening, the extraction duct is limited on the opposite side from the front opening. The limitation or design of the extraction duct's cross-section can be achieved by the adjustable blade carrier and the fixed profile. Alternatively, this can also be accomplished through a different design of the extraction duct, the extraction hood, or the blade carrier.

[0020] The extraction channel can have a curved contour arranged radially to the decorated roller, with the lateral opening positioned opposite the decorated roller. Due to the radial or parallel movement of the knife carrier relative to the surface of the decorated roller, the curved contour of the extraction channel allows for a slightly decreasing cross-section from the front opening of the extraction channel to the lateral opening, thereby increasing the airflow velocity into the extraction hood.

[0021] The knife carrier can have a primary guide extending along the working width of the garnished roller. This guide can be formed by a profile positioned beneath the garnished roller, which engages in a pocket or recess of the knife carrier in any position. This ensures guidance of the knife carrier across the entire working width. Local deformation or lifting of the knife from the garnished roller due to coarse impurities is thus prevented, regardless of the working width of the garnished roller, which can be up to 1.5 meters for a carding machine and up to 5 meters for a carding machine.

[0022] The knife carrier can have a second annular guide located on the end faces of the bearing housings of the trimmed rollers. This second guide ensures precise positioning of the knife relative to the trimmed roller, as the guide element of the knife carrier can be easily and precisely integrated into the end plate of the bearing housing of the trimmed roller. This guarantees a constant distance between the knife and the trimmed roller via the radial rotation of the knife carrier around the trimmed roller. The annular arrangement of the guide, consisting of a guide element and a groove, enables precise adjustment of the knife relative to the trimmed roller, or rather, the constant distance between the knife and the trimmed roller, via this radial rotation. Simultaneously, it creates a stop for the two end positions of the knife carrier using very simple means.

[0023] Because the knife carrier can have an integrated toothing designed to interact with a gear, the adjustability and guidance of the knife carrier radially to the garnished roller can be achieved with just a few components.

[0024] Further measures improving the invention are described in more detail below, together with a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. The carding machine described below is only one example of a possible application of the invention, which can also be used on a carding machine or a cleaning machine.

[0025] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a carding machine in which the device is used; Fig. 2 a detailed side view of the device arranged on a garnished roller of a carding machine; Fig. 3 an enlarged side view of the device with the knife carrier in an adjusted position; Fig. 4 an enlarged perspective side view of the bearing housing of the garnished roller.

[0026] The following are, with reference to the Figs. 1 to 4 Preferred embodiments of the device are explained. Identical features in the drawing are identified by the same reference numerals. It is understood that the drawing is simplified and, in particular, not to scale. Although the exemplary embodiment described below refers to the pre-tearing roller of a carding machine, the device can be used on any garnished roller in spinning preparation or on a carding machine.

[0027] The card K after Fig. 1The process is shown in a schematically simplified side view. Fiber flakes are fed via a chute to a feed roller 1, a feed table 2, and via several pre-tears 3a, 3b, 3c to the drum 4 or the tambour. On the drum 4, the fibers of the fiber flakes are parallelized and cleaned by means of stationary and rotating carding elements (cover bars) 14 arranged on a traveling cover 13 that rotates around cover deflection rollers 13a, 13b. The resulting fiber web is then conveyed via a take-up roller 5, a take-up roller 6, and several squeeze rollers 7, 8 to a web guide 9, which forms the fiber web into a fiber ribbon with a compaction hopper 10. This ribbon is then transferred via take-up rollers 11, 12 to a downstream processing machine or a can 15 with a can holder 16. M denotes the center point (or the bearing axis) of the drum 4. Arrow A indicates the direction of work in relation to the fiber material or fiber fleece.The directions of rotation of the rollers are in . Fig. 1 The curved arrows indicate the direction of rotation of the drum 4, with arrow 4b indicating the direction of rotation of the drum 4. C denotes the direction of rotation of the traveling cover 13 in the carding position, and D denotes its return transport direction. The device is preferably arranged and used on the carding machine below the pre-tearers 3a to 3c.

[0028] Figure 2Figure 1 shows the device for removing impurities, exemplified by the first garnished roller 3a, here a pre-shredder of a carding machine, in which a feed roller 1 interacts with the garnished roller 3a. All components listed here extend over the entire working width of the garnished roller, which in this embodiment is designed as a pre-shredder roller 3a. The device has a knife 21 for removing impurities and an associated extraction chamber, designed as a stationary extraction hood 17. The knife 21 is arranged on a knife carrier 20 and its distance from the garnished roller 3a can be adjusted. This adjustment is made during commissioning or maintenance of the machine. The amount of impurities or the removal rate is changed by pivoting the knife carrier 20 radially or concentrically to the garnished roller 3a. The distance of the knife tip to the garnished roller 3a remains constant.The knife 21 moves with the knife carrier 20 within an extraction channel 25a, which is arranged between the two roller side parts 25. In this illustration, only one roller side part 25 is shown. The extraction channel 25a has an increasing front opening 25b, which is directed towards the feed roller 1. The extraction channel 25a opens into a stationary extraction hood 17 via a further lateral opening 25c. A fixed profile 26 is connected to the extraction hood 17 on one side and corresponds to the adjustable or pivotable knife carrier 20. Simultaneously, the knife carrier 20 and the fixed profile 26 close off or limit the extraction channel 25a on the side opposite the front opening 25b. The extraction channel 25a thus has an enlarging front opening 25b, which is oriented towards the feed roller 1 and a side opening 25c, to which the stationary extraction hood 17 is connected.The cross-section or volume of the extraction duct 25a is increased or decreased by the knife carrier 20 moving within the extraction duct 25a. The remaining minimum cross-section for the airflow is determined by the cross-sectional size of the profile 26. In this embodiment, the profile 26 has a height corresponding to half the distance between the lateral opening 25c and the decorated roller 3a. The pivotable knife carrier 20 closes or opens half the cross-section of the extraction duct 25b.

[0029] The garnished roller 3a is almost completely enclosed on its circumference between the feed roller 1, which supplies the fibers, and the second garnished roller 3b, which receives them, by profiles or guide surfaces 20d. A gusset profile 22 is arranged between the garnished rollers 3a and 3b, to which a further stationary profile 23 adjoins the circumference of the garnished roller 3a, opposite to its direction of rotation. Adjoining this is a guide surface 20d of the knife carrier 20, which transitions continuously into the tip of the knife 21. Below the guide surface 20d, a pocket 20e or recess is arranged in the knife carrier 20, into which a part of the profile 23 engages. When the knife carrier 20 moves, the guide surface 20d is guided at least partially by the stationary profile 23. Concentric or parallel to the outer circumference of the garnished roller 3a, the knife carrier 20 has a sliding surface 20f which slides along the fixed profile 26.The sliding surface 20f and the guide surface 20d are both arranged concentrically to the decorated roller 3a and form a curved hollow body, which is bounded on one side by a receiving device 20a for the knife 21 and on the other side by an extension 20b with an integrated toothing 20c. The knife carrier 20 with the knife 21 is moved around the decorated roller 3a by the rotation of a gear 24, which engages with the integrated toothing 20c. The gear 24 can be driven manually or by a motor.

[0030] After Figure 2The knife carrier 20 is moved towards the feed roller 1, and this rotational movement changes the amount of particles discharged. The sliding surface 20f of the knife carrier 20 slides along the stationary profile 26, a seal 27 being arranged on the stationary profile 26 to prevent flow loss to the suction hood 17. A portion of the stationary profile 23 remains within the pocket 20e of the knife carrier 20, which is formed by the extension 20b and the guide surface 20d, thus forming a guide for the knife carrier 20. In other words, the knife carrier 20 slides with the extension 20b and the guide surface 20d along the stationary profile 23, which is at least partially immersed in the pocket 20e.

[0031] Figure 3Figure 1 shows the final position when adjusting the knife carrier 20, which, by rotating the gear 24 in the toothing 20c, pivots the entire knife carrier 20 radially towards the garnished roller 3a. In its final position, the sliding surface 20f rests against the seal 27, thereby reducing the cross-section of the extraction channel 25a, at least in the area of ​​the lateral opening 25c – i.e., towards the extraction hood 17 – because the knife carrier 20 is immersed deeper into this opening. Likewise, in this position, the profile 23 still engages in the pocket 20e and provides guidance to the knife carrier 20 on its rear side.

[0032] Figure 4Figure 1 shows a perspective side view of the device in a forward end position, in which the knife 21 with the knife carrier 20 has been moved close to the feed roller 1. The receiving device 20a for the knife 21 on the knife carrier 20 is visible. By rotating the gear 24, the knife carrier 20 pivots within the suction channel 25a, with the sliding surface 20f still in contact with the seal 27 of the profile 26. The cross-section of the suction channel 25a decreases, at least in the area of ​​the lateral opening 25c, through which the airflow directs the parts separated by the knife 21 into the suction hood 17. In addition to the radial guidance by the profile 23 in the pocket 20e of the knife carrier 20, the knife carrier 20 is further guided by a guide surface 19 arranged at its end face on the bearing housing 18 of the coated roller 3a.In this embodiment, the bearing housing 18 is designed externally as an end-face disc, a portion of which interacts annularly with a guide element 20g of the knife carrier 20. The guide element 20g is guided annularly on an end-face disc of the bearing housing 18.

[0033] In contrast to the prior art, a new guide in the form of a ring guide is used for the knife carrier 20. Guide surfaces 19 are arranged on an end-face bearing housing 18; these surfaces can be designed as milled material projections. Guide elements 20g, arranged in a ring shape laterally or end-face on both sides of the knife carrier 20, interact with these guide surfaces 19. At least one stop can be arranged simultaneously between the guide surfaces 19 and the guide elements 20g, limiting the radial pivotability of the knife carrier 20.

[0034] A further difference from the applicant's prior art lies in the stationary arrangement of the extraction hood 17, which decouples the weight of the extraction hood 17 from the knife carrier 20. The resulting significantly smaller and lighter knife carrier 20, including the attached knife 21, exhibits a much lower tendency to tilt and does not require additional guidance on the extraction hood 17. The accuracy of the guidance has increased, and adjustability and assembly are simplified. This allows the knife 21 to be positioned closer to the garnished roller 3a during commissioning and maintenance of the machine. Decoupling the extraction hood 17 and the knife carrier 20 also allows for a larger swivel angle of the knife 21, since previously the connection of the extraction hood 17 to the central extraction system of the carding machine also had to swivel.Since, according to the state of the art, the surface of the knife interacts with the opening of the extraction hood, the knife can be made smaller, which reduces the weight of the moving parts and at the same time allows for the cost-effective use of a harder and wear-resistant knife blade.

[0035] In contrast to other prior art, no flexible or rollable shielding element for the airflow is arranged between the stationary extraction hood 17 and the knife carrier 20, which would otherwise be subject to wear and whose deformation or movement would have to be additionally compensated for by the adjustment mechanism. The reduction in weight, lever arms, and double guidance reduces the necessary actuating forces.

[0036] Instead, the knife carrier 20 moves within a suction channel 25a, which is formed by the roller side part 25. With the radial adjustment of the knife carrier 20, the volume or cross-section of the suction channel 25a changes, so that the suction channel 25a can be described as adjustable. In a lower open position of the knife carrier 20 ( Figure 2 ) the expelled particles are quickly and directly directed into the extraction hood 25a. In an upper opening position ( Figure 3 ) the expelled particles are deflected by the contour of the knife carrier 20 within the extraction hood 25a and directed into the extraction hood 17. Reference symbol:

[0037] Cardoon 1 Feed roller 2 Feed table 3a, 3b, 3c Shredder roller, garnished roller 4 Drum 4b Direction of rotation (of drum 4) 5 Take-off roller 6 Take-off roller 7, 8 Squeeze roller 9 Fleece guide element 10 Compressor hopper 11, 12 Take-off rollers 13 Traveling lid 13a, 13b Lid deflection rollers 14 Lid bars 15 Can 16 Can holder 17 Suction hood 18 Bearing housing 19 Guide surface 20 Knife carrier 20a Mounting device 20b Extension 20c Toothed section 20d Guide surface 20e Pocket 20f Sliding surface 20g Guide element 21 Knife 22 Wedge profile 23 Profile 24 Gear 25 Roller side part 25a Suction duct 25b front opening 25c side opening 26 profile 27 seal A Working direction C Direction of rotation (of the moving cover 13) D Return transport direction (of the cover rods 14) M Center point or bearing axis (of the drum 4)

Claims

1. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device with a device for separating impurities on a clothed roller, including at least one knife (21) which is arranged on a knife carrier (20), wherein the knife carrier (20) is adjustable concentrically to the clothed roller (3a), also including a stationarily arranged suction hood (17) the inlet opening of which interacts with a side opening (25c) of a stationary suction duct (25a), wherein the knife carrier (20) is arranged adjustably within the suction duct (25a), characterised in that the suction duct (25a) is formed at least partially by roller side sections (25).

2. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the knife carrier (20) is arranged at a distance from the side opening (25c) of the suction duct (25a).

3. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction duct (25a) comprises a front opening (25b) through which an air flow can be directed via a side opening (25c) into the inlet opening of a suction hood (17).

4. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 3, characterised in that the suction duct (25a) is limited opposite the front opening (25b) by the adjustable knife carrier (20) and a fixed profile (26).

5. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the knife carrier is arranged at a distance from the side opening of the suction duct, wherein the distance is formed by a stationary profile so that there is a minimum cross section for the air flow within the suction duct with the knife carrier in any position.

6. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 5, characterised in that the knife carrier (20) comprises a sliding surface (20f) which is arranged concentrically to the clothed roller (3a) and interacts with a seal (27) of the profile (26).

7. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the knife carrier (20) is configured to at least partially change the cross section of the suction duct (25a) when there is a radial adjustment.

8. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the suction duct (25a) comprises a curved contour which is arranged radially to the clothed roller (3a), wherein the side opening (25c) is arranged opposite to the clothed roller (3a).

9. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the knife carrier (20) comprises a first guide which is formed by a profile (23) arranged underneath the clothed roller (3a) which engages in a pocket (20e) or recess in the knife carrier (20).

10. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the knife carrier (20) comprises a second ring-shaped guide which is arranged on the front of the bearing housings (18) of the clothed roller (3a).

11. Carding machine, roller card or cleaning device according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the knife carrier (20) comprises toothing (20c) which is configured to interact with a gear wheel (24).