ELECTRICAL WINDING FOR A ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE

Description

[0001] The invention relates in particular to an electrical winding for an active part such as a stator or rotor of a rotating electrical machine. More specifically, the invention relates to an electrical winding made from conductive pins.

[0002] The invention finds particularly advantageous application in the field of rotating electrical machines such as alternators, starter-alternators, reversible machines, and electric motors. A reversible machine is a rotating electrical machine capable of operating reversibly, firstly, as an electrical generator in alternator mode and, secondly, as an electric motor, for example, to start the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. A rotating electrical machine comprises a rotating rotor about an axis and a fixed stator. The stator includes a body with a yoke forming a part of revolution about an axis passing through the center of the stator. The body has teeth extending radially from the yoke towards the center of the stator, defining slots around which an electrical winding is arranged.The winding consists of a plurality of conductive pins partially housed in slots in the body and electrically connected in pairs via their ends to form a continuous electrical path. For example, each pin comprises two substantially parallel conductive segments joined by a bent junction to form a "U". The conductive segments are inserted at a first axial end face of the stator, into two separate slots, such that the conductive segments are substantially parallel to the axis of revolution of the stator. A single slot can house several segments belonging to separate pins, thus forming different layers of conductive segments.

[0003] The free ends of the conductive segments, protruding from a second axial end face of the stator, are then connected together to form electrical paths that generate magnetic fields along the body teeth when an electric current flows through them. In other words, the conductive pins are connected in pairs to form different assemblies, each assembly potentially corresponding to a phase of the electrical supply. For example, the stator has three distinct assemblies to allow for a three-phase current supply to the winding.

[0004] Such a winding requires several connections, particularly between the power pins that form the inputs and outputs of each phase, to connect the phases together and thus ensure the desired winding coupling. These connections are generally made using an interconnector arranged between the ends of the power pins. The interconnector, for example, consists of electrical interconnection traces positioned above or to the side of the winding, which can be overmolded in a plastic material and are electrically connected to the ends of the connecting pins.

[0005] When the desired connection is delta, the output of one phase is connected to the input of the next phase, and so on until all phases of the same phase system are electrically connected at these two ends. Typically, each phase is wound identically in the slots. This results in the power pins forming the phase inputs being located in only one layer of the slot, regardless of the phase, and the power pins forming the phase outputs being located in only one other layer of the slot, regardless of the phase. These two layers are different for the inputs and outputs. In other words, all phase inputs of all phases in the system are aligned along one circumference of the stator, and all phase outputs of all phases in the system are aligned along a different circumference of the stator than the one containing the inputs.This phase input / output arrangement results in an intersection between at least two traces of the interconnector to achieve delta connection. The interconnector design is therefore complex because it must allow the traces to cross to achieve connection without excessively increasing the interconnector's size, which directly impacts the dimensions, particularly the axial dimensions, of the stator and, more generally, of the rotating electrical machine.

[0006] The present invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of the prior art. To this end, the present invention therefore relates to an electrical winding for an active part, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, of a rotating electrical machine, the active part comprising a body having an annular yoke about an axis and a plurality of teeth extending from a lateral face of the yoke in a radial direction so as to define notches, said notches being open on a first axial end face and on a second axial end face of the body.According to the present invention, the electrical winding has at least one phase system comprising several electrical phases, each comprising a set of pins being electrically connected to each other and each having at least one conductive segment, said conductive segments intended to be housed in the same slot form N layers, said set of pins comprises a first power supply pin and a second power supply pin, each forming a phase input or output, each power supply pin has a power supply end extending from the associated conductive segment to the outside of the slot, and each power supply end that forms a phase output is electrically connected to another power supply end that forms a phase input of a different phase to form a delta connection.According to the present invention, a first assembly, formed of power pins of different phases arranged in a first layer among the N layers, comprises at least one power end forming a phase input and at least one other power end forming a phase output and in that a second assembly, formed of power pins of different phases arranged in a second layer among the N layers different from said first layer, comprises at least one power end forming a phase input and at least one other power end forming a phase output where, for the same phase, each power pin of the first assembly is arranged in the same notch as a power pin of the second assembly.

[0007] Thanks to the present invention, the phase inputs and outputs to be connected together are arranged in such a way that there is no longer any overlap or crossing of the interconnection trace required to form the delta connection. Thus, the interconnector structure is simplified and its overall size is reduced. This allows for a simplified winding diagram by minimizing the need for special pins.

[0008] In one embodiment, in an assembly comprising at least three first ends, the phase inputs / outputs are alternated along the circumference of the winding. This alternation avoids crossings between the interconnection traces while preventing any of said traces from radially protruding to make the electrical connection without one of the ends located on the same stator circumference.

[0009] In one embodiment, each assembly comprises one power supply end per phase of the phase system. In other words, each power supply end of the same assembly belongs to a different phase of said phase system.

[0010] According to one embodiment, for a phase system comprising a number Z of electrical phases, Z being an integer greater than or equal to 3, the supply pins are arranged, along the circumference of the stator, in the following order: (a) for the first set: the supply end forming the output of the third phase, then the supply end forming the input of the first phase, then the supply end forming the output of the second phase and for the second set: the supply end forming the input of the third phase, then the supply end forming the output of the first phase, then the supply end forming the input of the second phase;or (b) for the first assembly: the supply end forming the output of the second phase, then the supply end forming the input of the first phase, then the supply end forming the output of the third phase and for the second assembly: the supply end forming the input of the second phase, then the supply end forming the output of the first phase, then the supply end forming the input of the third phase; or (c) for the first assembly: the supply end forming the output of the first phase, then the supply end forming the input of the third phase, then the supply end forming the output of the second phase and for the second assembly: the supply end forming the input of the first phase, then the supply end forming the output of the third phase, then the supply end forming the input of the second phase.

[0011] In one embodiment, each slot comprises N segments belonging to different pins. For example, a layer is formed by a single segment of a pin. In one embodiment, the feed pins are arranged in edge layers. An "edge layer" is defined as a layer located at an inner or outer radial end of the winding; that is, a non-central layer. In other words, the feed pins are arranged in layers forming the inner and outer peripheries of the winding, respectively. Specifically, one set of pins is positioned in the outer layer and the other set is positioned in the inner layer of the winding.This arrangement of the feed pins in edge layers as opposed to center layers simplifies the connections between the coils within the phase by allowing these connections to be made between center layers which are therefore adjacent.

[0012] In one embodiment, for the same phase system, the supply pins of the first set have a different shape than the supply pins of the second set. For example, each supply pin has a single conductive segment and two free ends. Again, for example, the two free ends of a supply pin in one set extend in opposite circumferential directions, while the two free ends of another supply pin in the other set extend in the same circumferential direction.According to one embodiment, the pins other than the feed pins are each formed of two conductive segments connected to each other at one of their ends extending from the first axial end face of the body, called the first end, and connected to different pins at the other of their ends extending from the second axial end face of the body, called the second end, the first ends of the feed pins extending from said first axial end face.

[0013] According to this embodiment, the winding comprises a first group of conductive pins whose conductive segments are each arranged in two distinct layers and separated from each other by at least one intercalary layer, a second group of conductive pins whose conductive segments are each arranged in two distinct layers and separated from each other by at least one intercalary layer, the layers containing the first group of pins being distinct from the layers containing the second group of pins and a connecting pin allowing the first group of pins to be linked to the second group of pins.

[0014] In one embodiment, the conductive segments of the connecting pin are arranged in two adjacent layers. "Adjacent layers" refers to successive layers that are not separated by another layer. This simplifies the insertion of the pins during the winding process and also simplifies the shape of the connecting pin.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the adjacent layers in which the conductive segments of the connecting pin are arranged are central layers. A "central layer" is understood to be a layer that is surrounded by two other layers and is therefore not at the edge of the notch.

[0016] According to one embodiment, each conductive segment of a power supply pin is intended to be disposed in one of the notches comprising a conductive segment of a connecting pin.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the power pins allow the winding to be connected to an electronic power and / or control module.

[0018] According to one embodiment, each phase comprises a plurality of conductive pins, at least one connecting pin and a number of supply pins equal to twice the number of connecting pins.

[0019] In one embodiment, the layers containing the conducting segments of the conducting pins from the first group of pins alternate with the layers containing the conducting segments of the conducting pins from the second group of pins. For example, the inner radial layer contains a conducting segment from a conducting pin of the first group of pins, and the outer radial layer contains a conducting segment from a conducting pin of the second group of pins.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the conductive pins of the first group of pins have different shapes from those of the conductive pins of the second group of pins.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the conducting pins of the first group of pins each comprise two free ends extending respectively the two conducting segments, said ends being curved so as to approach each other in a circumferential direction.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the conducting pins of the second group of pins each comprise two free ends extending respectively the two conducting segments, said ends being curved so as to move away from each other in a circumferential direction.

[0023] The present invention also relates to an active part of a rotating electrical machine, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, which includes an electrical winding as previously described.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising an active part, formed in particular by a stator or a rotor, which includes an electrical winding as previously described. Advantageously, the rotating electrical machine can form an alternator, a starter-alternator, a reversible machine, or an electric motor.

[0025] The present invention will be better understood by reading the detailed description that follows, by non-limiting examples of implementation of the invention and by examining the accompanying drawings. There [ Fig. 1 ] represents, schematically and partially, a cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to an example of an implementation of the invention. The [ Fig. 2 ] schematically represents a perspective view of the stator of the figure 1 . There [ Fig. 3 [ ] schematically represents a cross-sectional view along a radial plane of a portion of the stator of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 4 ] schematically represents a perspective view of a conducting pin from the first group of pins in the stator of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 5 ] schematically represents a perspective view of a conducting pin from the second group of pins in the stator of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 6 ] schematically represents a perspective view of a stator connecting pin of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 7 ] schematically represents a perspective view of a first stator feed pin of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 8 ] schematically represents a perspective view of a second stator feed pin of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 9 ] partially represents an electrical diagram of the stator winding of the figure 2 . There [ Fig. 10 ] represent, respectively and schematically, a top axial view of a portion of the winding showing traces of interconnection according to a first embodiment of the stator. The [ Fig. 11 ] represent, respectively and schematically, a top axial view of a portion of the winding showing traces of interconnection according to a second embodiment of the stator. The [ Fig. 12 ] represent, respectively and schematically, an axial top view of a part of the winding with traces of interconnection according to a third embodiment of the stator.

[0026] Identical or similar elements retain the same references from one figure to another. It should also be noted that the different figures are not necessarily to the same scale.

[0027] There figure 1 This represents an example of a compact, polyphase rotating electrical machine 10, particularly for use in motor vehicles. This machine 10 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in alternator mode and can also operate in motor mode to convert electrical energy back into mechanical energy. Examples of this rotating electrical machine 10 include an alternator, a starter-alternator, a reversible alternator, and an electric motor.

[0028] In this example, the machine 10 comprises a housing 11. Inside this housing 11, it also includes a shaft 13, a rotor 12 fixed in rotation to the shaft 13, and a stator 15 surrounding the rotor 12. The rotational movement of the rotor 12 occurs around an axis X. In the following description, the axial direction corresponds to the axis X, passing through the center of the shaft 13, while the radial orientations correspond to planes intersecting, and in particular perpendicular to, the axis X. For radial directions, the internal designation corresponds to an element oriented towards the axis, or closer to the axis relative to a second element, while the external designation denotes a distance from the axis.

[0029] In this example, the housing 11 comprises a front flange 16 and a rear flange 17 which are assembled together. These flanges 16, 17 are hollow and each centrally supports a bearing coupled to a respective ball bearing 18, 19 to allow the rotation of the shaft 13. In addition, the housing 11 includes mounting means 14 for mounting the rotating electrical machine 10 in the vehicle.

[0030] A drive element 20, such as a pulley or a pinion, can be fixed to a front end of the shaft 13. This element transmits rotational motion to the shaft, or vice versa. In the following description, the terms front and rear refer to this element. Thus, a front face is a face oriented towards the element, while a rear face is a face oriented in the opposite direction.

[0031] The front flange 16 and the rear flange 17 are arranged here to form a chamber for the circulation of a coolant such as water or oil. Alternatively, the flanges could have openings for the passage of a cooling airflow generated by the rotation of at least one fan fixed to the rotor or shaft.

[0032] In this example, the rotor 12 is formed from a stack of laminations housing permanent magnets that form the magnetic poles. Alternatively, the rotor could be a claw rotor with two pole wheels and a rotor coil.

[0033] In this embodiment, the stator 15 comprises a body 21 formed from a stack of laminations with notches 22, equipped with notch insulators 23 for mounting an electrical winding 24. The winding passes through the notches of the body 21 and forms a front bung 25a and a rear bung 25b on either side of the stator body. Furthermore, the winding 24 consists of one or more phases, each comprising at least one electrical conductor and electrically connected to an electronic assembly 26.

[0034] The electronic assembly 26, which is mounted here on the housing 11, includes at least one power electronic module for controlling at least one phase of the winding 24. The power module forms a voltage rectifier bridge to transform the generated alternating voltage into a direct voltage and vice versa. Alternatively, the electronic assembly could be located remotely from the machine.

[0035] THE figures 2 And 3represent in more detail the stator 15. The body of the stator 21 is formed of a breech 27 of annular shape around the axis X and of a plurality of teeth 28 extending radially towards the center of the stator from the breech, and in particular here from a lateral face forming an internal wall of the breech 27. The teeth 28 are distributed angularly regularly around the periphery of the annular body, with successive spaces provided between them so as to define the notches 22 extending in series around the periphery of the annular body of the stator, each notch being delimited by two successive teeth. According to the present example, the teeth define 48 slots distributed along the circumference of the stator body, these slots being arranged to form support for the electrical winding 24. Alternatively, a different number of slots can be used such as 96, 84, 72, 60.It is understood that this number depends in particular on the application of the machine, the diameter of the stator and the number of poles of the rotor.

[0036] Along the axial direction, that is, the direction parallel to the X-axis, the slots 22 are open onto a first axial end face 29a and a second axial end face 29b of the stator body 21. In other words, the slots pass axially through the body and open onto the two opposite axial end faces of the stator. The term "axial end faces" refers to faces perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis of revolution X of the stator.

[0037] The winding 24 is formed from a plurality of pins electrically connected to each other to form electrical paths that constitute the phases of the winding. In this example, each phase comprises a plurality of conducting pins 30, 31, a connecting pin 32, and two supply pins 33, 34. As will be described in more detail later with reference to figures 4 And 5 Each conductive pin 30, 31 is formed of two conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B extending axially within the notches 22 and which are therefore substantially parallel to each other. These conductive segments are connected to each other via a bent junction 30C, 31C, which is also conductive, thus forming electrical continuity. As will be described in more detail later with reference to the figure 6 The connecting pin 32 is formed of two conductive segments 32A, 32B extending axially within the notches 22 and which are therefore substantially parallel to each other. These conductive segments are connected to each other via a bent junction 32C, which is also conductive, thus providing electrical continuity. The conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B of the same pin 30, 31, 32 are arranged in two separate notches.

[0038] Each elbow joint 30C, 31C, 32C can have two inclined portions 30D, 31D, 32D joining to form a vertex 30E, 31E, 32E. The elbow joints 30C, 31C, 32C are formed here as a single piece and, in particular, are made from a single piece of material with the associated conductive segments. Thus, each pin 30, 31, 32 is formed in one piece. Alternatively, the elbow joints can be formed in two parts joined together, for example, by welding, each part of the elbow joint being made from a single piece of material with the associated conductive segment. Thus, each pin 30, 31, 32 is formed by two sub-pins.

[0039] As will be described in more detail later with references to figures 7 et 8 , the power supply pins 33, 34 are each formed of a conductive segment 33A, 34A extending axially in the notches 22.

[0040] As seen on the figure 3 The various conductive segments arranged in the same slot are stacked to form a stack of N layers Ci, with each of these N layers present in each slot, thus forming annular circles that are substantially coaxial with each other around the perimeter of the stator. For example, there are four of these layers, numbered C1 to C4, according to their stacking order in the slots 22. The first layer, C1, corresponds to the outermost layer; the second layer, C2, corresponds to an outer central layer directly adjacent to the first layer, C1; the third layer, C3, corresponds to the inner central layer directly adjacent to the second layer, C2; and the fourth layer, C4, corresponds to the innermost layer. Layers C1 and C4 form edge layers, and layers C2 and C3 form central layers.The first layer C1 is thus occupied by the conductive segment closest to the cylinder head 27, and layer C4 is occupied by the conductive segment closest to the notch opening, that is, closest to the X-axis. Of course, the invention is not limited to this single embodiment, so that a greater number of conductive segments can be stacked in each notch, for example, 6, 8, or 10 conductors. For example, a layer is formed by a single conductive segment. Thus, each notch 22 comprises N conductive segments aligned radially with respect to each other in a single line, each forming a layer Ci. In the illustrated example, the conductive segments each have a substantially rectangular cross-section, facilitating their stacking in the notch.

[0041] THE figures 4 , 5 , 6 And 7illustrate the different shapes of pins forming the electrical winding 24. The description below relates to one phase of the electrical winding; those skilled in the art will understand that all phases are formed in the same way. The conducting pins 30, 31 forming the first or second groups of pins are distinguished by the free ends 30F, 31F of the conducting segments, located axially opposite the bent junctions 30C, 31C.

[0042] There figure 4 represents a conductive pin 30 from the first group of pins, all pins 30 in the first group being identical in shape. This conductive pin 30 is characterized by two free ends 30F of conductive segments that are curved so as to approach each other. More specifically, the free ends 30F of the conductive segments are folded over each other in a radial direction. The distance between the two free ends 30F of the conductive segments of the same pin 30 is smaller than the distance between these two conductive segments 30A, 30B in their straight portion housed in the notches.

[0043] There figure 5 represents a conductive pin 31 from the second group of pins, all pins 31 in the second group being of identical shape. This conductive pin 31 is characterized by two free ends 31F of conductive segments that are curved so as to move apart from each other. The distance between the two free ends 31F of the conductive segments of the same pin 31 is greater than the distance between these two conductive segments 31A, 31B in their straight portion housed in the notches.

[0044] More specifically, the conductive segments 31A, 31B of the same pin are spaced by a pitch P so as to be inserted respectively into a notch E and into a notch E+P, and the free ends 31F of these conductive segments are spaced by a pitch 2P.

[0045] There figure 6 represents a connecting pin 32 characterized in particular by two free ends 32F of conductive segments that are curved so as to maintain the same spacing as that of the conductive segments 32A, 32B. The spacing between the two free ends 32F of the conductive segments of the same pin 32 is similar to the spacing between these two conductive segments 32A, 32B in their straight portion housed in the notches. More specifically, the conductive segments 32A, 32B of the same pin are spaced by a pitch P so as to be inserted respectively into a notch E and into a notch E+P, and the free ends 32F of these conductive segments are spaced by the same pitch P.

[0046] There figure 7 represents a first power supply pin 33 which comprises a single conductive segment 33A, a first end 33G, called the power supply end, and a second end 33F, called the free end. The free end 33F is located on the same side of the stator as the free ends 30F, 31F, 32F of the other pins, and the power supply end 33G is located on the opposite axial side, that is, on the side of the bent junctions 30C, 31C, 32C. The ends 33F, 33G are bent in opposite circumferential directions, that is, said ends are not axially superimposed.

[0047] There figure 8 represents a second power supply pin 34 which comprises a single conductive segment 34A and a first end 33G, called the power supply end, and a second end 33F, called the free end. The free end 34F is located on the same side of the stator as the free ends 30F, 31F, 32F of the other pins, and the power supply end 34G is located on the opposite side axially, that is, on the side of the bent junctions 30C, 31C, 32C. The ends 34F, 34G are bent in the same direction, that is, said ends are axially superimposed.

[0048] As seen on the figures 2 And 9Specifically, each pin 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so that, on the one hand, its conducting segments extend into two distinct notches E and E+P, separated by a pitch P, and that, on the other hand, each bent junction is located at the first axial end face 29a, while the free ends are located at the second axial end face 29b and are connected to each other in such a way as to generate electrical continuity in the winding from one pin to the next. As will be described below, particularly in relation to the figure 9 The free ends of conductive segments arranged in a first layer C1 and the free ends of conductive segments arranged in a second layer C2 are connected together, and the free ends of conductive segments arranged in a third layer C3 and the free ends of conductive segments arranged in a fourth layer C4 are connected together. These connections are made, for example, by soldering. Thus, the conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B, 33A, 34A of the same pin are connected to each other at one of their ends by a bent junction 30C, 31C, 32C and, each, to another pin at its free end 30F, 31F, 32F, 33F, 34F.

[0049] The first group of conductive pins 30 forms an outer group, comprising pins 30 whose conductive segments 30A, 30B are housed in the notches to form the first outer layer C1 and the third inner central layer C3. The second group of conductive pins 31 forms an inner group, comprising pins 31 whose conductive segments 31A, 31B are housed in the notches to form the fourth inner layer C4 and the second outer central layer C2.

[0050] As seen on the figures 2 And 9The two groups of pins are nested, that is, arranged so that one of the conductive segments of the pins 30 in the outer group is located in the slots further inside than one of the conductive segments of the pins 31 in the inner group. More specifically, a conductive pin 30 belonging to the first group is arranged in the stator so that a conductive segment 30A occupies a first layer C1 in a slot E and a conductive segment 30B occupies a third layer C3 in a slot E+P. Similarly, a conductive pin 31 belonging to the second group is arranged in the stator so that a conductive segment 31A occupies a second layer C2 in the slot E and a conductive segment 31B occupies a fourth layer C4 in a slot E+P.In other words, the conductive pins 30, 31 are arranged so that the conductive segments of a single conductive pin occupy distinct slots with a radial offset of two layers from one slot to the next, or, in other words, with the interposition of an intermediate layer between the two layers occupied by the conductive segments of that same pin. This radial offset corresponds to the interposition of a conductive segment belonging to a conductive pin of the other group. This particular arrangement results in an alignment of the bent junctions at the first axial end face 29a of the stator body 21 such that adjacent bent junctions are substantially parallel to each other. This increases the compactness of the winding.

[0051] These two groups of conductive pins 30, 31 respectively form independent continuous electrical paths. To ensure electrical continuity within the phase, a connecting pin 32 is arranged to electrically connect the first group of conductive pins 30 to the second group of conductive pins 31, thus forming a single electrical path and one phase of the electrical winding 24. This connecting pin 32 thus closes the electrical circuit and allows proper current flow through the winding, specifically ensuring that, on the one hand, the current flows in the same direction in each of the conductive segments housed in the same slot, and on the other hand, the current generally flows in one direction in one slot and in the opposite direction in slots spaced at intervals P and -P.

[0052] In the example shown on the figure 9 The first conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 is arranged in one of the layers associated with the first group of conductive pins 30, and the second conductive segment 32B of said pin is arranged in one of the layers associated with the second group of conductive pins 31. This arrangement provides advantages for the electrical connection of the winding. Indeed, it allows all the conductive pins 30, 31 to be connected via a U-shaped connecting pin 32, that is, a pin similar in shape to the conductive pins, with two conductive segments connected by a bent junction. With this arrangement, the electrical winding 24 therefore does not include a special pin for reversing the current direction to maintain the direction of electric current flow in the slots. Thus, this simplifies the electrical winding and its assembly process.

[0053] In particular, in this example, the first conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 is arranged in the third layer C3, and the second conductive segment 32B of said pin is arranged in the second layer C2. Thus, the conductive segments 32A and 32B of the connecting pin are arranged in two adjacent layers along a radial direction of two different notches; that is, there is no interposition of an intermediate layer between the two layers occupied by the conductive segments of this same pin 32. This allows the angled junction 32C of the connecting pin to be integrated into the bun and not to increase the height of the bun by passing over another portion of the pin.

[0054] As seen in the figures 2 , 3 And 9Power pins 33, 34 are arranged in a slot such that their respective conductive segments 33A, 34A are arranged in a layer adjacent to the layer of the same slot comprising the conductive segment 32A, 32B of a connecting pin 32. In other words, for each conductive segment of a connecting pin 32 occupying a second layer C2 in a slot E, a conductive segment 33A of a power pin 33 is provided to occupy a first layer C1 in said slot E. Similarly, for each conductive segment of a connecting pin 32 occupying a third layer C3 in a slot E+P, a conductive segment 34A of a power pin 34 is provided to occupy a fourth layer C4 in said slot E+P, spaced a pitch P apart from said slot E.The power supply pins 33, 34 are thus arranged in edge layers so as to surround the connection pin 32 of the same phase whose conductive segments 32A, 32B are arranged in central layers.

[0055] It is understood that each connection pin 32 is associated with a pair of power supply pins 33, 34, as can be seen on the figure 2 in particular. Thus, an electrical winding 24 comprising six phases also includes six pairs of supply pins 33, of which six first supply pins 33 and six second supply pins 34, and six connecting pins 32. It will be understood that the number of conductive pins 30, 31 depends on the number of slots in the stator and therefore on the application of the desired rotating electrical machine, in particular the desired performance and the available space, knowing that there are as many conductive pins 30 of the first group as conductive pins 31 of the second group.

[0056] The 33G and 34G power supply terminals form current inputs and / or outputs for the corresponding phase. More specifically, for a given phase, a 33G or 34G terminal of one of the power supply pins is connected, either directly or via an interconnecting device, to a 33G or 34G terminal of a power supply pin for another phase of the winding. In particular, the output of one phase is connected to the input of another phase of the same phase system to form a delta connection. Each of these connections between the phase inputs and outputs is also connected to a current source, which is included in a power and / or control electronic module of the electronic assembly 26.

[0057] The power supply ends 33G, 34G are arranged along the electrical winding 24 so as to be grouped into a first set 36 and a second set 37 for each phase system. In this example, the power supply ends of the same set are arranged in the same layer Ci of the slot. For example, here, as illustrated on the figure 2 or the figures 10 The first set of 36 pins comprises power supply pins arranged in the outer layer C1, and the second set comprises power supply pins arranged in the inner layer C4. In an alternative embodiment, the power supply pins of the first set can be arranged in the inner layer C4, and the power supply pins of the second set in the outer layer C1. It is also possible to arrange the power supply pins in the middle layers C2 and C3.

[0058] In the example described here, the electrical winding 24 comprises two systems, each with three phases. Thus, the winding includes two first sets 36 and two second sets 37, each with three power supply ends 33G, 34G. The structures of the sets may be identical or different from one phase system to the other. Each of the sets 36, 37 includes at least one power supply end forming a phase input and one power supply end forming a phase output. In particular, in this example, each set 36, 37 includes either two power supply ends forming phase inputs and one power supply end forming a phase output, or two power supply ends forming phase outputs and one power supply end forming a phase input. The sets within the same phase system have complementary architectures.For example, if the first assembly includes two power supply ends forming phase inputs and one power supply end forming a phase output, then the second assembly includes two power supply ends forming phase outputs and one power supply end forming a phase input. Furthermore, each assembly includes one power supply end per phase of said phase system. Thus, for the same assembly, each power supply end belongs to a different phase.

[0059] THE figures 10 Each figure represents an embodiment illustrating a portion of the stator winding and, in particular, a schematic top view, in an axial direction, of a portion of the winding from which the supply ends 33G, 34G extend. In these examples, the first assembly 36 comprises two supply ends forming phase outputs and one supply end forming a phase input, and the second assembly 37 comprises two supply ends forming phase inputs and one supply end forming a phase output. The supply ends are arranged on the same layer of the slot and therefore extend over a circumferential portion of the winding.

[0060] In this embodiment, within the same assembly, the ends forming the phase outputs / inputs are alternated in a circumferential direction. That is, for an assembly comprising two phase outputs and one phase input, the phase input is arranged circumferentially between the phase outputs. Similarly, for an assembly comprising two phase inputs and one phase output, the phase output is arranged circumferentially between the phase inputs.

[0061] Preferably, the distance, in a circumferential direction, between the supply ends is identical within the same set 36, 37.

[0062] For example, the same assembly may consist only of first-order power pins 33 or only of second-order power pins 34. Thus, the shape of the power pins forming the same assembly is identical, but each of these power pins forms either a phase input or a phase output. For example, here, as illustrated on the figures 2 And 9 , the second set 37 includes second power pins 34 arranged on the inner layer C4 and the first set 36 includes first power pins 33 arranged on the outer layer C1.

[0063] In this example, a slot comprises conductive segments from different pins belonging to the same phase. Also in this example, the 33G and 34G power supply ends of the same phase are arranged so that their associated conductive segments 33A and 34A are located in the same slot. These 33G and 34G power supply ends of the same phase are then radially aligned. Thus, for a given phase, if the first assembly comprises the power supply end forming the phase output, then the second assembly comprises the power supply end forming the phase input.

[0064] There figure 10 illustrates a first example in which the first assembly 36 comprises in the following order: the supply end forming the output of the third phase O / Z+2, then the supply end forming the input of the first phase I / Z, then the supply end forming the output of the second phase O / Z+1. The second assembly 37, complementary to said first assembly 36, then comprises in the following order: the supply end forming the input of the third phase I / Z+2, then the supply end forming the output of the first phase O / Z, then the supply end forming the input of the second phase I / Z+1.

[0065] To form the delta connection, the supply ends 33G, 34G are connected together, for example here, by means of interconnection traces 38. Each interconnection trace is, for example, soldered to the associated supply ends and may include a portion for connection with a module of the electronic assembly 26. The traces 38 are, for example, overmolded in an electrically insulating material to facilitate the making of these connections and to ensure good electrical insulation between them and between said traces and the vertices 30E, 31E, 32E of the other winding pins.

[0066] More specifically, the power supply end forming the phase input of the third phase I / Z+2 is connected to the power supply end forming the phase output of the second phase O / Z+1, the power supply end forming the phase output of the first phase O / Z is connected to the power supply end forming the phase input of the second phase I / Z+1, and the power supply end forming the phase output of the third phase O / Z+3 is connected to the power supply end forming the phase input of the first phase I / Z. As clearly visible on the figure 10 , it is possible to make these connections without overlap between the traces 38.

[0067] There figure 11 illustrates a second example in which the first assembly 36 comprises, in the following order: the supply end forming the output of the second phase O / Z+1, then the supply end forming the input of the first phase I / Z, then the supply end forming the output of the third phase O / Z+2. The second assembly 37, complementary to said first assembly 36, then comprises, in the following order: the supply end forming the input of the second phase I / Z+1, then the supply end forming the output of the first phase O / Z, then the supply end forming the input of the third phase I / Z+2.

[0068] As explained previously with reference to the figure 10 The delta connection is achieved, for example, by means of interconnection trace 38. In particular, here, the supply end forming the phase input of the second phase I / Z+1 is connected to the supply end forming the phase output of the first phase O / Z, the supply end forming the phase output of the second phase O / Z+1 is connected to the supply end forming the phase input of the third phase I / Z+2, and the supply end forming the phase output of the third phase O / Z+2 is connected to the supply end forming the phase input of the first phase I / Z. As clearly visible on the figure 11 , it is possible to make these connections without overlap between the traces 38.

[0069] Similarly, the figure 12 illustrates a third example in which the first assembly 36 comprises in the following order: the supply end forming the output of the first phase O / Z, then the supply end forming the input of the third phase I / Z+2, then the supply end forming the output of the second phase O / Z+1. The second assembly 37, complementary to said first assembly 36, then comprises in the following order: the supply end forming the input of the first phase I / Z, then the supply end forming the output of the third phase O / Z+2, then the supply end forming the input of the second phase I / Z+1.

[0070] As explained previously, delta connection is achieved, for example, by means of interconnection trace 38. In particular, here, the supply end forming the phase input of the second phase I / Z+1 is connected to the supply end forming the phase output of the first phase O / Z, the supply end forming the phase output of the second phase O / Z+1 is connected to the supply end forming the phase input of the third phase I / Z+2, and the supply end forming the phase output of the third phase O / Z+2 is connected to the supply end forming the phase input of the first phase I / Z. As clearly visible on the figure 12 , it is possible to make these connections without overlap between the traces 38.

[0071] We have represented on the figure 9 A schematic illustration of a portion of the winding, as described previously. To simplify reading, the number of slots has been limited, it being understood that what follows can be easily extended by someone skilled in the art to complete the winding, as the other stator slots also contain stacks of conductive segments. Again, for ease of reading, pins of the same phase are shown in bold, while pins of other phases are shown in transparency.

[0072] More specifically, for the electrical circuit illustrated on the figure 9 The current is introduced, in a first direction of orientation, into the winding 24 via the supply end 34G of a first supply pin 34, which forms the electrical current inlet of the illustrated sentence on the side of the first axial end face 29a. Its path will be described in more detail using the numbered arrows Fi to illustrate that the current flows, in stacked conducting segments, in the same direction for a given slot, and in the opposite direction for slots spaced by a pitch P or -P. It should be noted that the E+P slot is separated from the E slot by a predetermined pitch P, according to a first direction of orientation. In the present example of a double-three-phase electrical winding with one slot per pole and per phase, the pitch P corresponds to the interposition of five slots between a slot E and an E+P slot.

[0073] Current flows in the conductive segment 34A housed in a notch E from the first axial end face 29a to the second axial end face 29b (arrow F1). This conductive segment 34A, arranged to form part of the fourth layer C4 in this notch E, has at its free end 34F, on the side of the second axial end face 29b, a shape folded back on itself similar to that of a conductive segment 30F of a conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins which it replaces in this layer.

[0074] The free end 34F of the power supply pin is connected, at the second axial end face 29b of the stator, to the free end 31F of a conductive pin 31 from the second group of pins, one of whose conductive segments occupies the third layer C3 in a slot EP. The two free ends 34F and 31F are arranged side by side, notably in a radial direction, and are electrically connected at a contact point 35. This contact point may be made by welding, so as to allow the flow of an electric current through the conductive segments, in the same direction, in each slot. The direction of current flow is indicated by the arrows overlapping the conductive pins.The result is that the current is made to flow from the second axial end face 29b to the first axial end face 29a, via the conductive segment 31B in the third layer C3 of the notch EP, as illustrated by arrow F2.

[0075] The conductive segment 31B, occupying the third layer C3 in the notch EP, forms part of a conductive pin 31 belonging to the second group of pins, such that this conductive segment is extended, at the first axial end face 29a, via a bent junction 31C, into a conductive segment 31A occupying the first layer C1 in a notch E-2P separated by a space P from the notch EP, in the opposite direction to the first orientation. Thus, the current flows from the first axial end face 29a to the second axial end face 29b, via the conductive segment 31A in the first layer C1 of the notch E-2P, as illustrated by arrow F4.

[0076] It is understood that for a given phase, the pins are successively nested around the entire perimeter of the stator, and to simplify the reading of the figure 9 We will resume the preceding description after the current has made approximately a circuit around the stator, at the solid line located between the E+P and E+2P notches on this figure 9 .

[0077] At this stage, winding continuity is achieved by connecting the free end 31F of the conductive segment 31A occupying the first layer C1 in the slot E+2P, to the free end 30F of a conductive segment 30A occupying the second layer C2 in the slot E+P, said ends 31F, 30F being arranged side by side in a radial direction and electrically connected by a contact point 35 at the level of the second axial end face 29a.

[0078] The current is then made to make a loop in the first direction of orientation and to flow from the second axial end face 29b to the first axial end face 29a, in the second layer C2 of the notch E+P via the conductive segment 30A of a conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins, as illustrated by the arrow F3, then to flow in the bent junction 30C of said conductive pin 30 and then to flow from the first axial end face 29a to the second axial end face 29b, in the fourth layer C4 of the notch E+2P via the conductive segment 30B of said conductive pin 30. It can be seen from the above that in the notch E+2P, the currents flowing in the first layer C1 and in the fourth layer C4 both flow in the same direction.

[0079] The current then flows successively in a direction opposite to the first direction of orientation, via a contact point 35, to a conductive segment 31B housed in the third layer C3 of the notch E+P and then via the bent junction 31C to a conductive segment 31A of the same conductive pin 31 in the first layer C1 of the notch E.

[0080] At this stage, the current is made to flow following a contact point 35, from the second axial end face 29b to the first axial end face 29a in the first direction of orientation, in the second layer C2 of the notch E via a conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 then, following the bent junction 32C, from the first axial end face 29a to the second axial end face 29b, in the third layer C3 of the notch E+P via a conductive segment 32B of said connecting pin 32.

[0081] The continuity of the winding is then achieved, in accordance with what has just been described, by passing from a conducting segment of the first layer C1 to the third layer C3 and from the fourth layer C4 to the second layer C2 on the side of the bent junctions forming part of the conducting pins, and by passing from the second layer C2 to the first layer C1 and from the third layer C3 to the fourth layer C4 by contact points 35, in particular welds, at the level of the second axial end face 29b, so that the current flows in the same direction in each notch.

[0082] The current is then made to flow in accordance with what has been described previously, from one conductive pin to the other, until it flows in the notch EP at the level of the first layer C1 in which is arranged the conductive segment 33A of the supply pin 33 forming via its supply end 33G the current output of the illustrated phase.

[0083] The present invention finds applications particularly in the field of alternators, alternator-starters, electric motors or reversible machines, but it could also be applied to any type of rotating machine.

[0084] Of course, the preceding description has been given by way of example only and does not limit the scope of the present invention which is defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. Electric winding for an active part, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, of a rotating electrical machine (10), the active part comprising a body (21) having an annular yoke (27) around an axis (X) and a plurality of teeth (28) extending from a lateral face of the yoke in a radial direction so as to delimit slots (22), said slots being open on a first axial end face (29a) and on a second axial end face (29b) of the body; the electric winding (24) having at least one phase system comprising several electrical phases each including a set of hairpins (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) being electrically connected to each other and each having at least one conductive segment (30A, 30B, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B, 33A, 34A), said conductive segments intended to be housed in the same slot form N layers (Ci), said set of hairpins includes a first power supply hairpin (33) and a second power supply hairpin (34) each forming a phase input or output, each power supply hairpin includes a power supply end (33G, 34G) extending from the associated conductive segment (33A, 34A) outside the slot and each power supply end (33G, 34G) that forms a phase output is electrically connected to another power supply end (33G, 34G) that forms a phase input of a different phase to form a delta coupling, the winding comprising a first set (36), formed of power supply hairpins of different phases arranged in a first layer among the N layers (Ci), with at least one power supply end (33G, 34G) forming a phase input and at least one other power supply end (33G, 34G) forming a phase output and comprising a second set (37), formed of power supply hairpins of different phases arranged in a second layer among the N layers (Ci) different from said first layer, comprising at least one power supply end (33G, 34G) forming a phase input and at least one other power supply end (33G, 34G) forming a phase output characterized in that, for the same phase, each power supply hairpin (33, 34) of the first set (36) is arranged in the same slot (22) as a power supply hairpin (33, 34) of the second set (37).

2. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a set (36, 37) comprising at least three first ends (33G, 34G), the phase inputs / outputs are alternated along the circumference of the winding.

3. Electric winding according to the preceding claim, characterized in that for a phase system comprising a number Z of electrical phases, Z being an integer greater than or equal to 3, the power supply hairpins (33, 34) are arranged, along the circumference of the stator, in the following order: a. for the first set (36): the power supply end forming the output of the third phase (O / Z+2), then the power supply end forming the input of the first phase (I / Z), then the power supply end forming the output of the second phase (O / Z+1) and for the second set (37): the power supply end forming the input of the third phase (I / Z+2), then the power supply end forming the output of the first phase (O / Z), then the power supply end forming the input of the second phase (I / Z+1); or b. for the first set (36): the power supply end forming the output of the second phase (O / Z+1), then the power supply end forming the input of the first phase (I / Z), then the power supply end forming the output of the third phase (O / Z+2) and for the second set (37): the power supply end forming the input of the second phase (I / Z+1), then the power supply end forming the output of the first phase (O / Z), then the power supply end forming the input of the third phase (I / Z+2); or c. for the first set (36): the power supply end forming the output of the first phase (O / Z), then the power supply end forming the input of the third phase (I / Z+2), then the power supply end forming the output of the second phase (O / Z+1) and for the second set (37): the power supply end forming the input of the first phase (I / Z), then the power supply end forming the output of the third phase (O / Z+2), then the power supply end forming the input of the second phase (I / Z+1).

4. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power supply hairpins (33, 34) are arranged in border layers.

5. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for the same phase system, the power supply hairpins (33, 34) of the first set (36) have a different shape from that of the power supply hairpins of the second set (37).

6. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hairpins (30, 31, 32) other than the power supply hairpins (33, 34) are each formed of two conductive segments connected to each other at one of their ends extending from the first axial end face (29a) of the body (21), called the first end, and connected to different hairpins at the other of their ends extending from the second axial end face (29b) of the body, called the second end, the first ends (33G, 34G) of the power supply hairpins extending from said first axial end face (29a).

7. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding comprises a first group of conductive hairpins (30) whose conductive segments (30A, 30B) are, each, arranged in two distinct layers separated from each other by at least one intermediate layer, a second group of conductive hairpins (31) whose conductive segments (31A, 31B) are, each, arranged in two distinct layers separated from each other by at least one intermediate layer, the layers comprising the first group of hairpins being distinct from the layers comprising the second group of hairpins and a connection hairpin (32) allowing to connect the first group of hairpins to the second group of hairpins.

8. Electric winding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each set (36, 37) comprises one power supply end (33G, 34G) per phase of the phase system.

9. Rotating electrical machine comprising an active part, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, which comprises an electric winding (24) according to any one of the preceding claims.