Stator part of an impact mill and fixing method

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention describes a stator part of an impact mill, fastened to an inner surface of an impact mill housing wall, comprising a plurality of reusable stator tools which are indirectly detachably fastened to the impact mill housing wall distributed along the inner surface, wherein the stator tools, opposite a plurality of rotor tool blades of a rotatable rotor part within the impact mill housing at a defined distance, are operatively connected to the rotor tool blades so that a grinding chamber is formed therebetween, and a method for the detachable indirect fastening of a stator tool to an inner surface of an impact mill housing wall. State of the art

[0002] Impact mills or rotor mills have been around for a long time and are becoming increasingly important in the treatment of used materials for their recycling. Such impact mills are used to crush soft, medium-hard, fibrous, and brittle materials. The applicant wanted to develop an impact mill that could also be specifically used for the post-treatment and spheroidization of anode and cathode material from Li-ion battery recycling. The input material is fed into the impact mill from above and moved within an impact mill housing between a stator section and a rotor section. As the rotor section rotates with its rotor tools along the rigid stator section with correspondingly fixed stator tools, high impact forces act on the material. The adhering black mass detaches, and the anode and cathode material is simultaneously crushed and takes on the shape of spheres.The material is pneumatically conveyed through the impact mill. Typical rotor diameters range from one to two meters, the number of rotor tools ranges from 10 to 30, and rotor speeds of 40 to 100 m / s are achieved. Rotors with both left- and right-hand rotation are preferred. Preferably, several rotor parts 2 are used at different levels, which can be mounted offset.

[0003] While simple impact mills known from the state of the art could crush the material to be treated, the service life of the stator tools, which allowed uninterrupted operation, was short, and the mill was faced with constant replacement and overhaul of the stator tools. Reusable and replaceable stator tools are known from the state of the art, but replacement is difficult and time-consuming.

[0004] For example, the applicant's EP1960109 discloses an impact mill which, although it does have interchangeable stator tools in the form of tiles from outside the grinding chamber or the interior of the impact mill, is intended to create an impact mill for lighter input materials, which makes the impact mill of EP1960109 disadvantageous, primarily for cost reasons. However, simply using lighter components is not readily possible, and such a robust impact mill from EP1960109 would simply not be used for these lighter input materials, as such impact mills must have a solid construction. The input materials cause significant wear. The choice of materials is limited, with cast iron offering the best cost / benefit ratio. The construction must be solid, especially because of the contaminants that are regularly introduced.

[0005] Ultimately, the user-friendliness of existing impact mills needs improvement, and the impact mills themselves are anything but maintenance-friendly. Once a commercially available impact mill is set up and operating, high throughputs of recycled material can be achieved, but time is lost due to frequent replacement of the stator tools. These disadvantages had to be eliminated, as a robust and durable machine design that also considers user-friendliness is in demand on the market today. A stator part according to the generic term of the independent device claim is known from KR 101 336 713 B1. Description of the invention

[0006] The above-described disadvantages known from the prior art are intended to be eliminated by the present device. The present invention aims to optimize a stator part of an impact crusher, simplifying the arrangement and interchangeability of the stator tools.

[0007] The result is that the optimized stator part significantly reduces maintenance and replacement times, thus reducing the service life of the impact mill during maintenance compared to state-of-the-art impact mills.

[0008] Variations of feature combinations or minor adaptations of the invention can be found in the detailed description, illustrated in the figures and included in the dependent patent claims. Short description of the drawings

[0009] A preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the drawings. They are shown in Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an opened impact mill housing, showing a concentrically mounted rotor part and a fixed stator part. Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through part of an impact mill housing wall with stator tools partially inserted into a spring element and a retaining plate. Figure 3 shows a partial section through an edge area of the impact mill housing, showing rotor tool blades and stator tools of different widths, and a schematic view of the spring element. Description

[0011] An impact mill 0 is provided with an impact mill housing 1, comprising an impact mill housing wall 10 with an inner surface 11, a rotor part 2 with a blade fastening plate 21, rotor part fastening sleeve 22 and a plurality of rotor tool blades 23, as well as a stator part 3 in Figure 1 shown.

[0012] This is the basic design of such an impact mill 0. Components necessary for the operation of the impact mill 0, such as a drive unit with at least one motor and electronics for controlling and monitoring the impact mill 0, are not shown here and are not explained in detail, as these components are known to those skilled in the art. For the inventive concept here, the shape of a drive shaft, the bearing of the drive shaft, the number of rotor parts 2 and the detailed design of the rotor parts 2 are not particularly interesting and can be designed in various designs. What is crucial is that a sufficiently stable attachment of the rotor tool knives 23 is ensured at an equal distance from the center of the knife mounting plate 21 or longitudinal axis L on the knife mounting plate 21 at a constant distance from the stator part 3 fastened to the inner surface 11 of the impact mill housing wall 10.

[0013] As first seen from Figure 2As can be seen from the following, the stator part 3 is designed in an improved manner, comprising at least one spring element 30, preferably a plurality of spring elements 30, fastened at least along the circumference of the inner surface 11. The at least one spring element 30 is sufficiently flexible and can be bent, in particular made of a metal sheet.

[0014] On an upper side of the stator part 3, an upper holding plate 31 is arranged, designed as an annular plate with a plurality of stator tool recesses 310. Stator tools 32, 33 of different widths can be stored, partially threaded, into these stator tool recesses 310 in the upper holding plate 31.

[0015] The spring elements 30 are fastened in the edge region of the upper side of the impact mill housing 1 along the upper circumference. Here, the spring elements 30 are placed, for example, on the upper holding plate 31 and fastened there. Preferably, the at least one spring element 30 or the plurality of spring elements 30 are glued to or on the upper holding plate 31. The fastening can be made on the inner surface 11 of the impact mill housing wall 10 or on the upper holding plate 31. The spring elements 30 have spring element recesses 300 of different sizes, in which narrow stator tools 32 and wide stator tools 33 are mounted in a partially operatively connected manner. The at least one or more spring elements 30 along the circumference of the impact mill housing wall 10 hold the stator tools 32, 33 in position, but are easy to install and remove.

[0016] As soon as a cover is placed on the stator part 3 of the impact mill 0 or the impact mill housing wall 10, the stator tools 32, 33 remain fixed and immobile during operation. A wear plate is typically molded or attached to the cover, which closes the gap between the rotor part 2 and the stator part 3. The wear plate is designed such that, when installed, it faces the interior.

[0017] In the area of the bottom of the impact mill housing 1, opposite the top and the upper holding plate 31, a lower holding plate 31' is arranged, preferably permanently attached. Stator tool recesses 310', adapted to the narrow stator tools 32 and wide stator tools 33, are also recessed in the lower holding plate 31'.

[0018] Both types of stator tools 32, 33 can be detachably attached to the impact crusher housing wall 10 by means of spring element 30, upper retaining plate 31, and lower retaining plate 31', and can be individually replaced easily and quickly without the use of tools. Overall, a clamping connection of the stator tools 32, 33 is achieved, assisted by gravity.

[0019] The narrow stator tools 32 are inserted and guided into the stator tool recesses 310 provided for this purpose in the upper holding plate 31 and the spring element recesses 300. The aforementioned cover prevents upward slippage when the impact mill housing 1 is closed.

[0020] The narrow stator tools 32 are designed here with a constant width b and can be inserted linearly from the top of the impact mill housing 1 through the spring element recesses 300 in the spring element 30 and the stator tool recesses 310. The narrow stator tools 32 can, as indicated by the dashed arrow in Figure 2 indicated, are inserted until their bottom-side tips are partially inserted into the stator tool recesses 310' provided for this purpose. Once fully inserted, the stator tools 32 are releasably held in the stator tool recesses 310, 310' and positively fastened to the impact mill housing wall 10. A grinding chamber is formed between the stator tools 32, 33 and the rotatable rotor tool blades 23, in which grinding material to be separated is separated, with defined distances between the stator tool tips and tips of the rotor tool blades 23.

[0021] If wide stator tools 33 are used, they generally have a width B that is greater than the width b of the narrow stator tools 32. In order to releasably fasten the wide stator tools 33 and to secure them against accidental tipping out during assembly of the stator tools 33 when the cover of the impact crusher 1 has been removed, the spring elements 30 are used. A transverse groove 330 is arranged on the top side of the wide stator tools 33, and an end pin 331, a partial taper of the wide stator tool 33, is arranged on the bottom side of the stator tool. To fasten the wide stator tool 33, the stator tool underside is inserted with its end pin 331 into the desired stator tool recess 310' in the lower holding plate 31' and the stator tool 33 is pivoted upwards as indicated by the dashed arrow, with the stator tool upper side in the direction of the spring element 30.If the stator tool 33 is pivoted vertically, the spring element 30 can engage in the transverse groove 330 of the stator tool 33 in the area of the spring element recess 300. As a result, the wide stator tool 33 is held replaceably on the upper side of the impact crusher housing 1 by the spring element 30. This process is repeated for all wide stator tools 33.

[0022] The spring elements 30 are to be seen as an assembly aid, whereby the stable fastening takes place by placing the cover of the impact mill 0, preferably with a wear disc, and the cover closes the open area.

[0023] As in Figure 2 As shown, the stator tool recesses 310, 310' on the upper and lower holding plates 31, 31' can be arranged differently offset from the center of the holding plate 31, 31'.

[0024] As again from Figure 3As is clear, stator tools 32, 33 of different widths b, B are designed here, which can be operatively connected to and held by the spring element 30, the upper holding plate 31 and the lower holding plate 31', wherein the spring elements 30 fulfill an auxiliary holding function.

[0025] It is advisable to use stator tools 32, 33 of different widths, particularly preferably with alternating widths, as shown here, so that directly adjacent stator tools 32, 33 have different widths.

[0026] However, stator tools 32, 33 with the same width can be used and correspondingly adapted spring elements 30 and holding plates 31, 31' or correspondingly offset stator tool recesses 310, 310' so that toothing is achieved.

[0027] The plurality of spring elements 30 can be attached to the top of the impact mill housing 1 along the inner surface 11 of the impact mill housing wall 10 by spring element fastening means 301. Preferably, the spring elements 30 are screwed together, and at least four spring elements 30 should be used. The spring element 30 is designed as a single piece and is bent along the circumferential line of the inner surface 11 of the impact mill housing wall 10. Fastening recesses are arranged in the center region of the spring element 30, in which the fastening means 301 can be fastened. In order to fasten and partially thread the stator tools 32, 33, the spring element 30 must have a resilient elastic effect. The individual spring element recesses 300, 300 must be matched to the width of the stator tools 32, 33 or to the transverse groove 330 of the wide stator tools 33.

[0028] In Figure 3the spring element 30 is shown, with no stator tools 32 being shown.

[0029] By using the spring elements 30 with the spring element recesses 300, the upper holding plate 31 with stator tool recesses 310 and the lower holding plate 31' with stator tool recesses 310', a simple and quick assembly of the stator tools 32, 33 can be achieved. Exchange:

[0030] Overall, the stator part 3 with all its stator tools 32, 33 is firmly fixed in the impact mill housing 1, and the distance to the rotatable rotor tool blades 23 is defined on the blade mounting plate 21. If the stator tools 32, 33 wear out after extended operation, they can be replaced individually, easily, and quickly.

[0031] However, spring elements 30 together with inserted or pivoted stator tools 32, 33 could also be changed, whereby the undersides of the stator tools 32, 33 must be pulled out of the stator tool recesses 310' in the lower holding plate 31' and each spring element 30 can be removed after loosening the spring element fastening means 301 together with the inserted or pivoted stator tools 32, 33.

[0032] However, the spring element 30 or at least one spring element 30 is so flexible that it can be easily lifted upwards so that the wide stator tool 33 can be easily removed.

[0033] Preferably, the holding plate 31 on the bottom of the impact mill housing 1 is designed as an annular plate with a central recess through which parts of the rotor part 2 or the drive can be guided.

[0034] In order to fasten the spring elements 30, a circumferential groove running along the inner surface 11 of the impact mill housing wall 10 can be cut out, into which the spring elements 30 can be partially inserted and fastened.

[0035] Optionally, a fully circumferential spring element 30 could also be used. List of reference symbols

[0036] 0 Impact mill 1 Impact mill housing 10 Impact mill housing wall 11 Inner surface 2 Rotor part 21 Blade fastening plate 22 Rotor part fastening sleeve 23 Rotor tool blade 3 Stator part (rigid in impact mill housing) 30 Spring element (replaceable) 300 Spring element recesses (introduction of 32, 33) 301 Spring element fastening means (attachment to inner surface) 31 Holding plate (top, rigidly fixed, ring plate) 310 Stator tool recess 31' Holding plate (bottom, rigidly fixed, can be ring plate) 310' Stator tool recess 32 Stator tool narrow (insertable, replaceable) b Width 33 Stator tool wide (swivel-in, replaceable) B Width 330 Cross groove (for snapping into spring element recess) 331 End pin

Claims

1. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0), attached to an inner surface (11) of an impact mill housing wall (10), comprising a plurality of reusable stator tools (32, 33), which are indirectly detachable attached to the impact mill housing wall (10) distributed along the inner surface (11), wherein the stator tools (32, 33) are opposite a plurality of rotor tool knives (23) of a rotatable rotor part (2) within the impact mill housing (1) at a defined distance, are actively connected to the rotor tool knives (23), so that an intermediate grinding chamber is formed ,characterized in that the stator part (3) comprises at least one spring element (30) with spring element recesses (300), wherein at least one spring element (30) is attached circumferential along the inner circumference of the impact mill housing (1), and wherein the stator part (3) has an upper retaining plate (31) designed as a ring plate with a plural of stator tool recesses (310), facing at least one spring element (30) and having a lower retaining plate (31') on the side opposite to at least one spring element (30) in the interior of the impact mill housing (1) with a plurality of stator tool recesses (310'), so that the stator tools (32, 33) are placed in spring element recesses (300) of at least one spring element (30) and the stator tool recesses (310, 310') in the upper retaining plate (31) and of the lower retaining plate (31') are replaceably mounted within the impact mill housing (1).

2. A stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to claim 1, wherein at least one spring element (30) is attached to the inner surface (11) of the impact mill housing wall (10) with spring element fasteners (301) or each spring element (30) is glued to the upper retaining plate (31).

3. The stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to claim 2, wherein the spring element recesses (300) of at least one spring element (30) have alternating different sizes, for accommodating stator tools (32, 33) of different widths.

4. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator tools (32) have a continuous width (b) and are partially passed through the spring element recesses (300) and are inserted with their ends into the stator tool recesses (310, 310') of the upper retaining plate (31) and the lower retaining plate (31').

5. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator tool (33) has a transverse groove (330) at one end for engaging with the spring element recess (300), a width (B) in the middle portion and an end pin (331) for engaging into the stator tool recess (310') in the lower retaining plate (31') at a second end, so that the wide stator tool (33) is pivoted into the spring element recess (300).

6. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein narrow stator tools (32) and wide stator tools (33) are alternately introduced into the at least one spring element (30) with correspondingly alternately different spring element recesses (300), which are held on the side opposite from the spring element (30) in stator tool recesses (310') in the lower retaining plate (31').

7. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein directly adjacent spring element recesses (300) are differently shaped, for accommodating stator tools of different widths (32, 33).

8. A stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least four spring elements (30) are fixed along the circumference of the inner surface (11).

9. The stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (30) is designed as a single piece, is bent according to the circumferential line of the inner surface (11) and fastening recesses are arranged in the on the spring element (30) in which fasteners (301) are fastened.

10. Stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower retaining plate (31') is fixed to the bottom of the impact mill housing (1), is designed as a ring plate with a centric recess.

11. A stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one spring element (30) is glued or brazed to or on the upper retaining plate (31) with stator tool recesses (310).

12. A stator part (3) of an impact mill (0) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator part (3) has a cover with a molded or attached wear disc, wherein the wear disc in the mounted state of the lid points to the interior of the stator part (3).

13. Method for the detachable indirect attachment of a stator tool (32, 33) to an inner surface (11) of an impact mill housing wall (10), characterized by: - insertion of a lower end of the stator tool (32, 33) into a stator tool recess (310') in a lower retaining plate (31'), and - detachable connection of the upper end of the stator tool (32, 33) with an assigned spring element recess (300) of a stator tool (31) on the inner surface (11) or on an upper retaining plate (31) fastened at least one spring element (30).

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the upper end of the stator tool (33) has a transverse groove (330), which is bonded in the spring element recess (300).

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the lower end of the stator tool (33) has a tapered end pin (331) compared to the width (B) of the stator tool (33), wherein the end pin (331) is inserted into the stator tool recess (310') of the lower retaining plate (31').