Wedge with adjustable thickness

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shim (100) having a thickness that can be adjusted by means of an actuator device. Actuating the actuator device causes a movement of a sliding element (20) inside a housing (10) in a first direction (101). The movement of the sliding element (20) causes a movement of a movable element (30) in a second direction (102), thus increasing the distance between an outer wall (34, 84, 94) of the movable element (34) and a bottom wall (13) of the housing (10), and thus increasing the thickness of the shim (100).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shim whose thickness is adjustable by a user. Prior art

[0002] Document KR20110134578A describes a variable thickness shim for controlling the horizontality of a door frame under construction. In this known device, horizontal plates can be moved apart by moving lifting elements apart using a screw.

[0003] A problem with this known device is that one of the horizontal plates must rest on a flat surface, otherwise the different parts of the device will come apart, and it can therefore only be used for vertical thickness adjustment.

[0004] Document CN102620120A describes an adjustable sizing locking device. In this device, when sliding elements approach a cylinder, they raise a movable element. A device according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed by said document.

[0005] Document DE102006012390A1 describes an adjustable wedge for installing doors or windows.

[0006] Document WO2020 / 011846A1 describes a spacer for adjusting a theoretical spacing between two components. Summary of the invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable thickness shim that can be used to adjust a vertical thickness or a horizontal thickness.

[0008] For this purpose, the invention proposes a wedge comprising: a housing comprising: ∘ a front wall, ∘ a rear wall, opposite the front wall in a first direction, ∘ a bottom wall, and ∘ an opening, opposite the bottom wall in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a sliding element located, at least partially, in the housing, and configured to move relative to the housing in the first direction and to be blocked by the housing in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and to the second direction; a movable element configured to pass through the opening, comprising an external wall opposite the bottom wall in the second direction, and configured to be moved in the second direction by the sliding element when the sliding element moves relative to the housing in the first direction, and to be blocked by the housing in the third direction;and an actuator device allowing a user to move the sliding element in the first direction relative to the housing, so as to move the movable element in the second direction; ; characterized in that it comprises a retaining mechanism configured to retain the movable element and the sliding element at least partially in the housing and in a fixed position relative to the housing in the absence of actuation of the actuator device, and to allow movement of the sliding element in the first direction and movement of the movable element in the second direction during actuation of the actuator device.

[0009] The wedge according to the invention works as follows. The user actuates the actuator device, which moves the sliding element in the first direction. The movement of the sliding element generates a push or pull on the movable element, which moves in the second direction. As the movable element passes through the opening, it then moves away from or towards the bottom wall of the housing. Thus, the thickness of the wedge, given by the distance between the bottom wall of the housing and the outer wall of the movable element, can be adjusted by actuating the actuator device. Thanks to the retaining mechanism, the different elements remain together, without relative movement, before actuating the wedge. This allows the thickness of the wedge to be fixed before any actuation.

[0010] Since the housing prevents the movements of the sliding element and the movable element in the third direction during their respective movements, it is possible to adjust a horizontal thickness by placing the shim so that the third direction is vertical.

[0011] For the purposes of this document, the front of the wedge is the side of the wedge facing the user operating the actuator device.

[0012] The wedge can be made to be light enough to fit between two vertical surfaces, and cheap enough to be single-use.

[0013] A shim according to the invention can be offered in several models of different lengths because different lengths (in the first direction) make it possible to obtain different thickness ranges (in the second direction).

[0014] According to one embodiment of the invention, the sliding element comprises a rear wall oblique with respect to the first and second directions, and the movable element comprises a front wall oblique with respect to the first and second directions and configured to slide on the rear wall of the sliding element. The obliqueness allows the front-back movement in the first direction of the sliding element to cause movement of the movable element in the second direction. The driving of the movable element by the sliding element could be carried out in another way while remaining within the scope of the invention.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the invention, the sliding element and the movable element are locked relative to each other in the third direction by a locking mechanism located on the sliding element and / or the movable element. This makes it possible to reduce the risks of relative movement of the movable element relative to the sliding element in the third direction.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the invention, the locking mechanism comprises a protruding plate located on the sliding element and perpendicular to the third direction, and a slot located on the movable element and arranged to receive, at least partially, the plate. The slot extends in the first direction so that the plate can move in the slot when the actuator device is actuated. The locking mechanism could be reversed, with a plate located on the movable element and the slot on the sliding element.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the invention, the actuator device comprises a front hole passing through the front wall, and a rod passing through the front hole and having a first end intended to push and / or pull the sliding element and a second end, located outside the housing, and intended to be actuated by the user. Since the second end of the rod projects relative to the housing, it is easy to adjust the thickness when the shim is in place.

[0018] The actuator device may be arranged differently. For example, it could include a self-locking mechanism that only allows the thickness to be increased and not decreased.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the invention, the rod comprises a thread corresponding to the front hole, and in which the length of the housing is greater than or equal to the sum of the length of the sliding element and the length of the thread. The difference between the length of the housing (i.e. its internal length) and the length of the sliding element is the maximum amplitude of displacement of the sliding element in the first direction. The fact that this maximum amplitude of displacement is equal to or greater than the length of the thread makes it possible to prevent the user from pushing the rod too far into the housing, which could push the sliding element against the rear wall, with a risk of causing the sliding element to come out of the housing or breaking the wedge.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the invention, the housing includes fasteners for attaching the rear wall to a first surface or a second surface external to the shim. For example, the housing may include an adhesive for adhering the rear wall to the external surface, and / or holes in the rear wall and / or tabs for screwing the rear wall against the first surface.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the invention, the entire sliding element moves away from the front wall and towards the rear wall when it is moved by the actuator device. Such a configuration allows a particularly simple and robust architecture of the wedge.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the invention, the movable element is configured to be blocked by the rear wall of the housing in the third direction. This avoids having to introduce other elements into the wedge, which would increase its complexity.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the invention, the retaining mechanism comprises a first part located on a first wall and a second wall of the housing and a second part located on the movable element; the first and second walls of the housing being perpendicular to the third direction. This makes it possible to block the movable element on the left and right, and therefore to retain it particularly well.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the invention, the first part of the retaining mechanism comprises protrusions located on the first wall and the second wall of the housing, and the second part of the retaining mechanism comprises recesses located on a first wall and a second wall of the movable element, and provided to receive the protrusions; the first and second walls of the movable element being perpendicular to the third direction; the wedge being configured so that the protrusions move apart when the movable element is moved by the sliding element. The protrusions are on the inner face of the first and second walls of the housing. Thus, without actuation, the protrusions remain in the recesses, but if the actuator is actuated, the movable element is pushed in the third direction and this pushing has the effect of moving the protrusions apart and allowing movement.The sliding element being located between the movable element and the bottom wall of the housing, it is also retained by the fitting of the protrusions into the recesses. The protrusions can for example be teeth.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the invention, the movable element comprises a main element configured to be moved by the sliding element, and a first removable element configured to be removably attached to the main element and to increase the thickness of the movable element in the second direction. The outer wall of the movable element can then be a support wall of the main element if the removable element is not present, or a support wall of the removable element if it is present. The thickness adjustment can then be done in two combinable ways: at least one removable element provides a thickness, which can be varied (by omitting the first removable element, by attaching an additional removable element thereto and / or by replacing it with a replacement removable element) and the movement of the movable element provides another thickness, which can also be varied (by actuating the actuator device).Preferably, the variation in thickness originating from the movement of the movable element allows finer adjustment than the variation in thickness originating from the removable element.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the invention, the removable attachment between the main element and the first removable element comprises a tenon and a mortise. The tenon and the mortise preferably extend in the first direction. They are preferably provided for sliding in the first direction and locking in the second and third directions. This allows the first removable element to be slid onto the main element when the housing, the sliding element and the main element are already in the space between the first and second surfaces.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the invention, the shim comprises an additional removable element configured to be removably attached to the first removable element and to increase the thickness of the movable element in the second direction. It is thus possible to superimpose removable elements in order to obtain a large thickness.

[0028] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising the shim comprising the main element and the first removable element, and at least one replacement removable element configured to be fixed to the main element in place of the first removable element, the replacement removable element and the first removable element having different thicknesses. The assembly thus comprises a set of at least two removable elements. This makes it possible to provide a wide range of possible thicknesses.

[0029] The invention also relates to a kit comprising a wedge and a holding element comprising two clamps fixed to a rigid rod and configured to hold the two vertical uprights of a door at a fixed distance from each other.

[0030] The invention also relates to a method of using a shim, the method comprising the following steps: placing the shim in a space between a first and a second surface; and actuating the actuator device until the bottom wall is against the first surface and the outer wall is against the second surface.

[0031] Preferably, the housing is fixed relative to the first surface during actuation of the actuator device. It may, for example, be fixed to the first surface.

[0032] The first surface is, for example, on a door jamb, frame, or sash, and the second surface is on a wall. The first surface is, for example, any element requiring precise and easy assembly.

[0033] For a door, the method can be performed for several shims, for example, two shims for each vertical jamb, and optionally one shim for the horizontal jamb. Thus, installing a doorframe may require the use of at least four or five shims.

[0034] Once the shims are adjusted so that the vertical jambs are positioned vertically and the horizontal jamb is positioned horizontally, the actuator rods can be broken or removed so that they do not protrude forward from the door jambs. Foam can then be dispensed between the doorframe and the wall. The shims will then be embedded in the foam.

[0035] The invention also relates to a method of using a wedge comprising the main element and the first removable element, the method comprising the following steps: placing the housing, the sliding member, and the main member in a space between a first and a second surface; securing the first removable member to the main member; and actuating the actuator device until the bottom wall is against the first surface and the outer wall is against the second surface.

[0036] The first removable element can be attached to the main element while the housing is still outside the space between the surfaces, or when the housing is already in the space between the surfaces. Brief description of the figures

[0037] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures among which: there figure 1 illustrates a door frame located in the hole of a wall and fixed to this wall using four wedges, the figure 2 illustrates a case, the Figure 3a illustrates a sliding element, the Figure 3b is another view of the sliding element, the figure 4 illustrates a moving element, the Figure 5 illustrates a stem, the Figures 6a to 6c illustrates a use of a shim according to one embodiment, the Figures 7a to 7c illustrates a use of a shim according to another embodiment, the figure 8 illustrates a sliding element, the figure 9 illustrates a moving element, the figure 10 illustrates a main element of a moving element, the figure 11illustrates a removable element, Figure 12a illustrates a housing, and Figure 12b illustrates a main element. Embodiments of the invention

[0038] In the context of this document, the terms "first" and "second" serve only to differentiate between the different elements and do not imply an order between these elements.

[0039] In the figures, identical or similar elements may bear the same references.

[0040] There figure 1schematically illustrates a door frame 300 wedged in the hole of a wall by four wedges 100. The frame 300 comprises two vertical uprights 301 and a horizontal upright. The vertical uprights 301 are held at a distance from each other by two holding elements 200 comprising two clamps or jaws 201 fixed to a rigid rod 202. The wedges 100 are located in a space 310 between the frame 300 and the wall. The wedges 100 according to the invention comprise a housing 10, a sliding element 20, a movable element 30, and an actuator device. Possible embodiments of these elements are described with reference to the following figures with reference to a first 101, a second 102 and a third 103 directions, which are perpendicular to each other. The thickness adjustable by the shim 100 is the extent of the shim 100 along the second direction 102.

[0041] There figure 2illustrates a possible embodiment of the housing 10. It preferably comprises a front wall 15 and a rear wall 16 perpendicular to the first direction 101, a bottom wall 13 perpendicular to the second direction 102, an opening 11 in a plane perpendicular to the second direction 102, and a first wall 17 and a second wall 18 perpendicular to the third direction 103. The side 14 of the housing opposite the bottom wall 13 may be present and crossed by the opening 11, or be absent.

[0042] The front wall 15 and the rear wall 16 are spaced apart by a length 12 along the first direction 101. The front wall 15 is crossed by a front hole 51, preferably threaded, forming part of a possible embodiment of the actuator device. The housing 10 may comprise at least one fixing hole 60, located in the bottom wall 13 and / or in tabs 61. The holes 60 in the tabs 61 are preferred to the holes 60 in the bottom wall 13 because the placement of the latter requires removing the sliding element 20 and the movable element 30.

[0043] The length 12 of the housing 10 is preferably between 4 cm and 15 cm. The width of the housing 10 is preferably between 2 cm and 4 cm. The thickness of the housing 10 is preferably between 2 cm and 4 cm.

[0044] THE Figures 3a and 3billustrate a possible embodiment of the sliding element 20. It preferably comprises a front wall 25 perpendicular to the first direction 101, a bottom wall 23 perpendicular to the second direction 102, and a first wall and a second wall 28 perpendicular to the third direction 103. It also comprises a rear wall 26 oblique relative to the first 101 and second 102 directions, so that it has a thickness, in the second direction 102, greater at the front than at the rear.

[0045] The sliding element 20 is configured to be, at least in part, in the housing 10, so that its first wall slides in the first direction 101 against the first wall 17 of the housing 10, and is blocked in the third direction 103 by the first wall 17 of the housing 10; so that its second wall 28 slides in the first direction 101 against the second wall 18 of the housing 10 and is blocked in the third direction 103 by the second wall 18 of the housing 10; and so that its bottom wall 23 slides in the first direction 101 against the bottom wall 13 of the housing 10 and is blocked in the second direction 102 by the bottom wall 13 of the housing 10.

[0046] The length 22 of the sliding element 20, in the first direction 101, is less than the length 12 of the housing 10. It can preferably slide in the housing between a first position in which its front wall 25 is blocked by the front wall 15 of the housing 10, and a second position in which the end of its rear wall 26 is blocked by the rear wall 16 of the housing 10.

[0047] The thickness of the sliding element 20, along the second direction 102, is preferably equal to or less than the thickness of the housing 10. The width of the sliding element 20, along the third direction 103, is preferably less than or equal to the internal width of the housing 10.

[0048] The sliding element 20 may comprise a plate 71, projecting from the rear wall 26. The plate 71 is arranged to engage movably in the first direction 101 and the second direction 102, in a slot 72 of the movable element 30, thus forming a locking mechanism locking the sliding element 20 and the movable element 30 in the third direction 103.

[0049] The sliding element 20 may include a recess 52 aligned with the front hole 51 and forming part of a possible embodiment of the actuator device.

[0050] There figure 4 illustrates a possible embodiment of the mobile element 30. It preferably comprises a rear wall 36 (visible figure 9 ) perpendicular to the first direction 101, a bottom wall 33 perpendicular to the second direction 102, and a first wall 37 (visible figure 9) and a second wall 38 perpendicular to the third direction 103. It also comprises a front wall 35 oblique relative to the first 101 and second 102 directions, so that it has a thickness, in the second direction 102, greater at the rear than at the front. It also comprises a support wall 34 opposite the bottom wall 13 of the housing 10 and located outside the housing 10. It may also comprise an additional wall 39, forming the junction between the front wall 35 and the support wall 34. It may also comprise a flat slot 72 extending in the first 101 and the second 102 directions. The length, in the first direction 101, of the bottom wall 33 is preferably smaller than or equal to the amplitude of movement of the movable element 20 in the first direction 101.

[0051] The movable element 30 is configured to be engaged in the housing 10, so that its first wall slides in the second direction 102 against the first wall 17 of the housing 10, and is blocked in the third direction 103 by the first wall 17 of the housing 10; so that its second wall 38 slides in the second direction 102 against the second wall 18 of the housing 10 and is blocked in the third direction 103 by the second wall 18 of the housing 10; and so that its rear wall 36 slides in the second direction 102 against the rear wall 16 of the housing 10 and is blocked in the first direction 101 by the rear wall 16 of the housing 10.

[0052] There Figure 5illustrates a rod 53 forming part of a possible embodiment of the actuator device. The rod 53 is designed to pass through the hole 51 and so that its thread 56 fits into the thread of the hole 51. Its first end 54 is located in the housing 10 and is intended to push and / or pull the sliding element 20. Its second end 55, opposite the first end 54 in the first direction 101, is located on the other side of the front wall 15 and is intended to be actuated by the user.

[0053] The first end 54 may for example be received in the recess 52 and / or be fixed to the sliding element 20. It preferably comprises a recess 58 followed by a widening 59 so that the widening is located in the recess 52 and can pull the sliding element 20 towards the front wall 15.

[0054] The second end 55 is preferably arranged to be able to be turned by hand, without a screwdriver, for example using a T-shape. The second end 55 is preferably arranged to be able to be broken, so as to reduce the length of the wedge 100 in the first direction 101.

[0055] In one embodiment of the invention, the length 57 of the thread 56 of the rod 53 is less than or equal to the difference 107 between the length 12 of the housing 10 and the length 22 of the sliding element 20 (visible Figure 6a ).

[0056] THE Figures 6a to 6c illustrates a mode of operation of a wedge 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The wedge 100, as illustrated in Figure 6a , is placed in a space 310 between a first 302 and a second 303 surfaces which face each other in the second direction 102, so that the second end 55 of the rod 53 is towards the user. The Figures 6b and 6cillustrate what happens when the user moves the rod 53 in the first direction 101, from front to rear. The first end 54 of the rod 53 pushes the sliding element 20 in the first direction 101, from front to rear. The rear wall 26 of the sliding element 20 pushes the front wall 35 of the movable element 30. Given the obliqueness of the walls 26, 35, and since the movable element 30 is blocked in the first direction 101 by the rear wall 16 of the housing 10, the front wall 35 of the movable element 30 slides against the rear wall 26 of the sliding element 20, and the movable element 30 moves in the second direction 102, away from the bottom wall 13. Its support wall 34 (or 84 or 94 as described below), which forms its external wall, can then move closer to the second surface 303. If the user releases the rod 53, the movable element 30 remains in place.If the user moves the rod 53 from the back to the front, the movable element 30 can move closer to the bottom wall 13 so as to reduce the thickness of the shim 100.

[0057] THE Figures 7a to 7c illustrates an operating mode of a wedge 100 according to another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the sliding element 20 comprises an additional wall 29, forming the junction between the rear wall 26 and the bottom wall 23 and capable of abutting against the rear wall 16 of the housing 10. The additional wall 29 may be perpendicular to the first direction 101. The embodiment of the Figures 7a to 7c allows for better stability of the wedge than the method of realization of the Figures 6a to 6c , in particular at the maximum position illustrated in figures 6c And 7c . The slope of the rear wall 26 being lower in the embodiment of the Figures 7a to 7c that in the mode of realization of the Figures 6a to 6c, the latter allows greater variability in the thickness of the shim 100.

[0058] There figure 8 is another illustration of the sliding element 20 of the Figures 7a to 7c .

[0059] There figure 9 illustrates another possible embodiment of the movable element 30, in which the movable element 30 comprises a main element 80 in contact with the sliding element 20, and a first removable element 90 which can be removably attached to the main element 80. The main element 80 comprises a support wall 84, perpendicular to the second direction 102, which forms the external wall of the wedge 100 if the first removable element 90 is absent.

[0060] The first removable element 90 comprises a support wall 94, perpendicular to the second direction 102, and which forms the external wall of the wedge 100 if the first removable element 90 is present. It also comprises a bottom wall 93 opposite the support wall 94 and in contact with the main element 80.

[0061] The removable attachment between the main element 80 and the first removable element 90 comprises a mortise 81 and a tenon 91, respectively located on the support wall 84 of the main element 80 and on the bottom wall 93 of the first removable element 90, or vice versa. The mortise 81 and the tenon 91 preferably have a parallelogram shape in a plane perpendicular to the first direction 101.

[0062] An assembly according to the invention may comprise several removable elements including the first removable element and other removable elements which can be put in its place and having different thicknesses, in the second direction 102.

[0063] There figure 10 illustrates a variant of the main element 80. It could for example be suitable for the embodiment of the wedge 100 illustrated in Figures 7a to 7c .

[0064] THE Figures 11 and 12 illustrate that removable elements may also be provided to attach to each other. The first removable element 90 may for example be as illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 and comprise a tenon 91 on the bottom wall 93 and a mortise 92 on the support wall 94. The mortise 92 makes it possible to fix an additional removable element 99. The first removable element 90 and the additional removable element 99 may be of the same thickness or of different thicknesses.

[0065] Each removable element preferably has a thickness between 0.5 cm and 4 cm.

[0066] THE Figures 13a and 13b illustrate an example of a housing 10 and a main element 80 in an embodiment of the invention comprising a retaining mechanism. The retaining mechanism makes it possible to fix the movable element 30 and the sliding element 20 to the housing 10 in the absence of actuation of the actuator device, and allows a movement of the sliding element 20 in the first direction 101 and a movement of the movable element 30 in the second direction 102 during actuation of the actuator device.

[0067] The retaining mechanism may for example comprise protrusions 41 on the inner faces of the first 17 and second 18 walls of the housing 10, and recesses, for example slots, 42 in the outer faces of the first 37 and second 38 walls of the movable element 30. Initially, the protrusions 41 are in the recesses 42, which locks the movable element 30 in the second direction 102. Since the sliding element 20 is partly between the movable element 30 and the bottom wall 13 in the second direction, it is also locked. When the actuator device moves the sliding element 20 from front to rear, the pressure exerted by the movable element 30 to move away from the bottom wall causes the protrusions 41 to move apart, and thus allows movement in the second direction 102.

[0068] The rod 53 is preferably metallic. The other elements of the wedge 100 are preferably made of polymer (for example PVC), wood and / or metal. The housing 10 may be a folded sheet metal.

[0069] In the illustrated usage example figure 1 , the bottom wall of the boxes is fixed to the first surface 302, which is the outer surface of the vertical uprights 301, and the outer wall 94 of the first removable element 90 is against the second surface 303, which is the surface of the wall. The fixing could be reversed while remaining within the scope of the invention. The user can place the shims 100, and, in order to adjust the verticality of the vertical uprights, adjust the thicknesses of the shims 100 by replacing the first removable element 90 with a replacement element and / or by adding an additional removable element 99 and / or by actuating the actuator device. Then, he breaks or removes the rod 53 and injects foam into the space 310.

[0070] A shim could also be placed in the gap between the lintel and the horizontal jamb of the door and so as to adjust the horizontality of the horizontal jamb.

[0071] In other words, the invention relates to a shim 100 whose thickness can be adjusted using an actuator device. Actuation of the actuator device causes a sliding element 20 to move in a housing 10 and in a first direction 101. The movement of the sliding element 20 causes a moving element 30 to move in a second direction 102, thus increasing the distance between an external wall 34, 84, 94 of the moving element 34 and a bottom wall 13 of the housing 10, and therefore the thickness of the shim 100.

Claims

1. Shim (100) comprising: - a casing (10) comprising: - a front wall (15), - a rear wall (16), opposite the front wall (15) in a first direction (101), - a bottom wall (13), and - an opening (11), opposite the bottom wall (13) in a second direction (102) perpendicular to the first direction (101); - a sliding element (20) located, at least partially, in the casing (10), and configured to be moved with respect to the casing (10) in the first direction (101) and to be blocked by the casing (10) in a third direction (103) perpendicular to the first direction (101) and to the second direction (102); - a movable element (30) configured to pass through the opening (11), comprising an external wall (34, 84, 94) opposite the bottom wall (13) in the second direction (102), and configured to be moved in the second direction (102) by the sliding element (20) when the sliding element (20) is moved with respect to the casing (10) in the first direction (101), and to be blocked by the casing (10) in the third direction (103); and - an actuator device making it possible for a user to move the sliding element (20) in the first direction (101) with respect to the casing (10), so as to move the movable element (30) in the second direction (102); characterized in that it comprises a retaining mechanism configured to retain the movable element (30) and the sliding element (20) at least partially in the casing (10) and in a fixed position with respect to the casing, in the absence of actuation of the actuator device, and to enable a movement of the sliding element (20) in the first direction (101) and a movement of the movable element (30) in the second direction (102) during an actuation of the actuator device.

2. - Shim according to claim 1, wherein the sliding element (20) comprises a rear wall (26) which is oblique with respect to the first (101) and second (102) directions, and wherein the movable element (30) comprises a front wall (35) which is oblique with respect to the first (101) and second (102) directions and configured to slide over the rear wall (26) of the sliding element (20).

3. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding element (20) and the movable element (30) are blocked against one another in the third direction (103) by a blocking mechanism located on the sliding element (20) and / or the movable element (30).

4. Shim according to the preceding claim, wherein the blocking mechanism comprises a projecting plate (71) located on the sliding element (20) and perpendicular to the third direction (103), and a slot (72) located on the movable element (30) and arranged to receive the plate (71), at least partially.

5. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator device comprises: - a front hole (51) passing through the front wall (15), and - a rod (53) passing into the front hole (51) and having a first end (54) intended to push and / or pull the sliding element (20) and a second end (55), located outside of the casing (10), and intended to be actuated by the user.

6. Shim according to the preceding claim, wherein the rod (53) comprises a net (56) corresponding to the front hole (51), and wherein the length (12) of the casing (10) is greater than or equal to the sum of the length (22) of the sliding element (20) and of the length (57) of the net (56).

7. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the casing (10) comprises fixing elements making it possible to associate the rear wall (16) to a first surface (302) or to a second surface (303) external to the shim (100).

8. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the entire sliding element (20) is moved away from the front wall (15) and is moved closer to the rear wall (16) when it is moved by the actuator device.

9. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the movable element (30) is configured to be blocked by the rear wall (16) of the casing (10) in the third direction (103).

10. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining mechanism comprises: - a first part located on a first wall (17) and a second wall (18) of the casing (10), and - a second part located on the movable element (30); the first and second walls (17, 18) of the casing (10) being perpendicular to the third direction (103).

11. Shim according to the preceding claim, wherein - the first part of the retaining mechanism comprises projections (41) located on the first wall (17) and the second wall (18) of the casing (10), and - the second part of the retaining mechanism comprises recesses (42) located on a first wall (37) and a second wall (38) of the movable element (30), and provided to receive the projections (41); the first and second walls (37, 38) of the movable element (30) being perpendicular to the third direction (103); the shim (100) being configured such that the projections (41) move away when the movable element (30) is moved by the sliding element (20).

12. Shim according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the movable element (30) comprises a main element (80) configured to be moved by the sliding element (20), and a first removable element (90) configured to be removably fixed to the main element (80) and to increase the thickness of the movable element (30) in the second direction (102).

13. Shim according to the preceding claim, wherein the removable fixing between the main element (80) and the first removable element (90) comprises a pin (91) and a mortise (81).

14. Shim according to claim 12 or 13, comprising an additional removable element (99) configured to be removably fixed to the first removable element (90) and to increase the thickness of the movable element (30) in the second direction (102).

15. Assembly comprising: - a shim (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, and - at least one replacement removable element configured to be fixed to the main element (80) instead of the first removable element (90), the replacement removable element and the first removable element (90) having different thicknesses.

16. Kit comprising a shim (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or an assembly according to claim 15, and a holding element (200) comprising two clamps (201) fixed to a rigid rod (202) and configured to hold the two vertical uprights (301) of a door at a fixed distance from one another.

17. Method for using a shim (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and comprising the following steps: - placing the shim (100) in a space (310) between a first (302) and a second (303) surface; and - actuating the actuator device until the bottom wall (13) is against the first surface (302) and the external wall (34, 84, 94) is against the second surface (303).

18. Method for using a shim (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 14 and comprising the following steps: - placing the casing (10), the sliding element (20) and the main element (80) in a space (310) between a first (302) and a second (303) surface; - fixing the first removable element (90) to the main element (80); and - actuating the actuator device until the bottom wall (13) is against the first surface (302) and the external wall (94) is against the second surface (303).

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