Device and method for synchronisation

Abstract

The invention relates to a device which has, in a container (1), a first screen wall (4) which is arranged at a distance from the container wall (2) and in which openings are arranged, optionally at least one second screen wall (3) is arranged in the container respectively at a distance from the first screen wall (4) and the container wall (2). The container (1) is driven to move back and forth along two axes, whereby the back and forth movement takes place along a path curve. Preferably, the container (1) is not driven to rotate about its own axis.

Description

[0001] Device and method for screening

[0002] The present invention relates to a device and a method, preferably carried out using the device, for sieving solids, optionally in conjunction with comminution. The device and the method have the advantage that an initial composition of solids can be effectively loaded against sieve openings and optionally this load can be varied. In a preferred embodiment, the device has no elements that move relative to one another and come into contact with solids and can carry out the method effectively, wherein the device preferably has no bearings, for example, that move relative to one another and come into contact with solids to be treated. Elements of the device that move relative to one another are preferably arranged exclusively outside the container and lines that are designed for sieving, optionally comminution, and feeding and discharging solids.The device has the advantage that it is designed to process solids with a maximum acceleration of more than 10 m / s. 2 , e.g. at least 50 m / s 2 up to 200 m / s 2 or up to 500 m / s 2 against and along a sieve surface. DE 35 24 650 A1 describes a device for sieving an initial composition of solids using an oscillating rotating brush whose tips are intended to contact a curved sieve.

[0003] WO 84 / 01527 A1 describes a device for screening a composition of solids by driving a screen wall to at least two vibrations in order to separate solids from the composition by the frequency difference.

[0004] The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method that can be carried out therewith in order to screen solids effectively and within a short time and preferably to crush solids, e.g. agglomerates, in the same work step.

[0005] The invention solves this problem with the features of the claims and, in particular, with a device having a first sieve wall in a container, said first sieve wall being spaced apart from the container wall and having perforations therein. Optionally, at least one second sieve wall is arranged in the container, each spaced apart between the first sieve wall and the container wall, the second sieve wall having smaller perforations than the first sieve wall. The container is driven to move back and forth along two axes, which are preferably arranged in the plane of the cross-section of the container. The two axes are preferably linear axes of movement, the reciprocating movement of the container resulting from the superposition of the reciprocating movement along the linear axes, the reciprocating movement occurring along a curved path. Preferably, the container is not driven to rotate about its own axis.The openings can be cylindrical or conical; further optionally, the openings can be arranged radially to the central axis of the wall or at an angle of, for example, 10 to 45° to radials of the central axis. The openings can be round holes or elongated holes that extend parallel or perpendicular to the cross-section of the interior, or that extend at an angle of >0° to <90° to the cross-section of the interior. Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the through-holes can extend along the radials or at an angle of 10 to 45° to radials emanating from the longitudinal axis of the cross-section spanned by the inner wall. Optionally, the through-holes have a constant cross-section or a cross-section that widens with increasing distance from the longitudinal axis of the container, in particular widens conically away from the longitudinal axis of the container. Generally, the through-holes preferably have an edge without a chamfer, e.g.of at least 90° to form a sharp edge adjacent to the clear cross-section of the container. In a simple embodiment, the inner wall can be a grid, the webs of which form the through holes between them.

[0006] The container is driven to reciprocate along at least one trajectory curve, which can be generated by superimposing the reciprocation along at least two axes that are at an angle to each other, wherein preferably two of the axes lie in the plane of the cross-section of the container, wherein the reciprocation along each axis occurs at different frequencies and / or with a phase offset.The trajectory curve can be generated by superimposing the reciprocating motion along two or three axes at different frequencies and / or with a phase shift, and comprises a sequence of trajectory segments, of which at least one, preferably each, comprises or consists of exactly one complete reciprocating motion along the axis along which the reciprocating motion occurs at the lower frequency, wherein the superimposed reciprocating motions at the higher frequency or the same frequency, each optionally with a phase shift, are included along the other axis or axes. The lower frequency of the complete reciprocating motion preferably forms the frequency of the sequence of trajectory segments.For each path segment, a frequency ratio of the back and forth movement along two axes of a maximum of 1:20 or a maximum of 1:15 or a maximum of 1:10, a maximum of 1:4 or a maximum of 1:3 is preferred, more preferably between 1:1 and 1:2, even more preferably greater than 1:1 and up to 1:2 or up to 1:1.5, e.g. with a frequency ratio of 1:1.001 to 1:2 or up to 1:1.5. In the case of a path curve that can be generated by superimposing the back and forth movement along two axes at different frequencies and / or with a phase shift, the axes preferably lie in the plane of the cross-section of the container. In the case of a path curve that is formed by superimposing the back and forth movement along three axes, two of the axes preferably lie in the cross-sectional plane of the container and the third axis is at an angle to this cross-sectional plane.The lowest frequency of the complete back-and-forth movement along one of the three axes determines the frequency of the sequence of path segments. Generally, the linear movement axes are preferably positioned at right angles to each other.

[0007] In general, the device is preferably configured to drive the container along a trajectory formed by the superimposition of the reciprocating motion of at least two superimposed linear axes that are at an angle to one another, wherein the reciprocating motion along the linear axes occurs at different frequencies and / or with a phase offset. The linear axes, along which the superimposed reciprocating motions run at different frequencies and / or with a phase offset, form the trajectory along which the reciprocating motion of the container occurs, for which the device is configured.

[0008] By moving the container along the trajectory, the device is configured to accelerate the solids relative to the container, so that the solids contained in the container are loaded against the screen wall by the acceleration. Because the trajectory can be adjusted or predetermined by the different frequencies and / or the phase shift of the overlapping movements along the linear axes, the device is configured to move the container back and forth along the trajectory and to move the solids relative to the screen wall therein.

[0009] The trajectory, which can be adjusted or predetermined by the different frequencies and / or phase shift of the overlapping movements along at least two linear axes, accelerates the solids relative to the container. The reciprocating movement of the container drives the solids toward the screen wall.

[0010] Generally, the container is preferably not rotationally driven and more preferably not or not fully rotatable, e.g., guided so that it can rotate by a maximum of 30°, or by a maximum of 20°, or 10° around its central axis. Generally, the container is preferably driven exclusively for a reciprocating movement along a curved path.

[0011] The trajectory allows the angle of incidence and reflection of the solids against the screen wall to be determined. Furthermore, the device is optionally configured to move the container along the trajectory at an adjustable or predetermined acceleration and speed. Because the device can be configured for an adjustable or predetermined trajectory and / or an adjustable or predetermined acceleration and / or an adjustable or predetermined speed along the trajectory of the container's reciprocating movement, solids are driven relative to the screen wall at an adjustable or predetermined acceleration and / or speed, allowing a predetermined or continuous adaptation of the process to the solid to be screened.

[0012] In general, a trajectory can be formed by at least two superimposed individual oscillations. Preferably, a trajectory resembles the trajectory generated by superimposing reciprocating movements along at least two linear axes of motion, each at different frequencies and / or by a phase shift. A reciprocating movement along a trajectory that resembles a reciprocating movement along superimposed linear axes of motion exhibits different frequencies and / or a phase shift. Therefore, a trajectory is generally not a circular path.

[0013] The difference in frequencies can be, for example, at least 0.01 Hz and / or 0.01% to 900%. The phase shift of the reciprocating movements along the linear axes can be, for example, from 0.01° to 180°, preferably 1 to 179° out of 360°, which corresponds to a complete reciprocating movement. 0.01 to 180° of a complete reciprocating movement of 360° is equal to 0.0028% to 50% of a complete reciprocating movement, and 1 to 179° out of 360° is equal to 0.28% to 49.7% of a complete reciprocating movement.

[0014] The linear motion axes are perpendicular to each other or at another angle, e.g., 5° to 85°, in particular in the plane of the cross-section of the container and / or perpendicular to a central axis of the container. Optionally, the trajectory curve contains at least one straight section, the end of which is, e.g., a vertex of the trajectory curve, at which the solid is accelerated by or against the screen wall.

[0015] To set different frequencies and / or a phase offset of the superimposed reciprocating movements along at least two linear axes of movement, these reciprocating movements can be coupled to one another by a gear or a slotted guide and driven by a motor. A motor-driven gear that sets the reciprocating movement along the trajectory can have a fixed gear ratio between the superimposed movements along each axis, or an adjustable gear ratio, e.g., a continuously or stepwise switchable gear. Optionally, the gear can be subject to slip, e.g., have a belt drive or be a friction gear. The output speed of the gear that drives the reciprocating movement of the container is preferably at least 1 Hz, more preferably at least 5 Hz, e.g., up to 50 Hz, up to 40 Hz, up to 30 Hz, up to 20 Hz, or up to 10 Hz.The output speed of the gearbox is equal to the frequency of the reciprocating movement.

[0016] Alternatively, the reciprocating motion along each of the linear motion axes can be driven by a separate motor, with the lower output speed being the frequency of the reciprocating motion and constituting the frequency of the sequence of path segments. In either embodiment, the speed of each drive motor can be controlled, fixed, or variable over the duration of the process.

[0017] The device allows the trajectory to accelerate the solid in a defined direction toward a specific location on the inner wall of the container, which is the screen wall. The geometry of the container, in conjunction with the trajectory, can support the screening process, allowing the trajectory to be adjusted depending on the shape and size of the cross-section spanned by the screen surface.

[0018] Optionally, the device is configured to change the trajectory of the reciprocating movement and / or the acceleration and / or speed of the reciprocating movement during the method, e.g., in a first phase, to set the reciprocating movement along a first trajectory and with a first acceleration and speed, and to set the reciprocating movement in a subsequent second phase along a changed trajectory and / or changed acceleration and / or speed.

[0019] Another option is for the reciprocating movement to be a linear reciprocating movement in a first phase and a reciprocating movement along merging trajectories in a second phase. The trajectory can be determined, for example, by a gear that drives the movement of the container.

[0020] The device allows a predetermined or dynamically variable and directed acceleration of the solid relative to the container or the sieve wall by adjusting the trajectory and acceleration of the reciprocating movement of the container.

[0021] In an embodiment in which the container can be driven in a controlled manner to a linear reciprocating movement in a first phase, the device is designed to move solids vertically against the screen wall with a controllable acceleration maximum that is significantly greater than the acceleration due to gravity and therefore essentially independent of the acceleration due to gravity, e.g. with an acceleration maximum of at least 15 m / s 2 , preferably 25 m / s 2 , preferably at least 50 m / s 2 or at least 100 m / s 2 or at least 200 m / s 2 or at least 350 m / s 2 e.g. up to 500 m / s 2. In general, the device can be designed to move the container with at least one acceleration maximum of at least 20 m / s 2 or at least 200 m / s 2 , e.g. at least 300 m / s 2 , preferably up to 1000 m / s 2 to accelerate along the trajectory curve, e.g. at a vertex of the trajectory curve.

[0022] The container is preferably designed for a back and forth movement with a maximum acceleration of at least 0.5 m / s 2 or at least 1 m / s 2 or at least 2 m / s 2 at least 3.5 m / s 2 , preferably at least 60 m / s 2 , preferably at least 100 m / s 2 , at least 150 m / s 2 , at least 160 m / s 2 , at least 200 m / s 2 , e.g. up to 300 m / s each 2 or 450 m / s 2 , up to 260 m / s 2 or up to 250 m / s 2driven along each of two axes. Generally, the container is preferably driven along one of the axes, preferably along each axis, in combination with the acceleration to an average speed of at least 0.5 m / s, preferably at least 1.5 m / s, more preferably at least 3.5 m / s, e.g., up to 10 m / s or up to 20 m / s or up to 6 m / s, e.g., 3 to 4 m / s. The path of movement along at least one axis, preferably along each axis, is, e.g., 0.1 cm to 24 cm.

[0023] The container can, for example, be driven to move back and forth over a distance of at least 1 mm or at least 2.5 mm, at least 1 cm, more preferably at least 2 cm or at least 5 cm, at least 10 cm or at least 15 cm, e.g. up to 100 cm, up to 50 cm, up to 30 cm or up to 20 cm, along each axis. More preferably, the moving back and forth movement of the container is harmonic. The moving back and forth movement of the container can be linear in a first phase; in general, the trajectory is non-linear and can, for example, be sinusoidal, triangular or arcuate, optionally along a so-called Lissajous figure or hypocycloid, which is preferably in the plane or two-dimensional, optionally three-dimensional.Preferably, the reciprocating movement is linear in a first phase and, in a second phase, is formed into a trajectory curve along at least two merging, non-linear path segments, each of which contains at least one vertex. This is because, in general, a non-linear path curve, e.g., a movement along a trajectory curve whose path segments each have at least one vertex, promotes the impact of solids, e.g., perpendicularly against the screen wall, as well as the movement of the solids along the screen wall.

[0024] The reciprocating movement preferably comprises the reciprocating movement along a trajectory curve comprising at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least four different trajectory segments, each having at least one vertex. Each of the movement axes along which the movements overlap to form a trajectory curve can generally be linear or arcuate, so that the non-linear movement of the container along a sequence of trajectory segments is generated from the superposition of the movements along two movement axes. The vertices and intermediate sections of a trajectory segment are determined by the frequency difference and / or the phase position of the superimposed reciprocating movements along at least two axes. In general, the device can be configured to change the frequency difference and / or the phase position during the reciprocating movement.

[0025] Generally, the container wall is preferably the circumferentially closed wall of the container, which extends around a central axis and between opposing end cross-sections or lids attached thereto. The sieve wall optionally spans a circular cross-section extending around a central axis. Generally, the end cross-sectional openings of the container are each covered by a lid, of which at least one optionally has a through-opening.

[0026] Generally, it is preferred that at least one path segment has a vertex at which the direction of the path segment changes by at least 90°, more preferably by at least 120°, even more preferably by at least 180° or at least 210°, e.g., within a maximum of 24.5%, a maximum of 24%, a maximum of 23%, a maximum of 22%, a maximum of 21%, a maximum of 20%, a maximum of 15%, or a maximum of 10%, more preferably a maximum of 5%, a maximum of 3%, a maximum of 2%, or a maximum of 1% of the length of a path segment. This is because a vertex of the path segment leads to a strong relative acceleration of solids against the screen wall.

[0027] The control of the drive of the container is optionally controlled depending on the signal from a sensor, preferably an acoustic sensor, which records vibrations, in particular noises of the container during the back and forth movement, in particular during the first and / or during the second phase. The acoustic sensor can, for example, be attached to the outer surface of the container or fixed at a distance from the container in a position past which the back and forth movement of the container passes. Preferably, the acoustic sensor is fixed at a short distance, e.g. 0.5 to 5 cm, from the apex of the back and forth movement, e.g. fixed to a frame relative to which the container is moved along the trajectory. The acoustic sensor can be a vibration sensor, e.g. a microphone.In this embodiment, the control of the reciprocating movement can be set up to allow the reciprocating movement to run at a changed speed and / or with a changed phase offset and / or to control from a linear movement to a trajectory curve, in particular to control from a first phase to a second phase of the reciprocating movement, when the signal emitted by the acoustic sensor changes by a predetermined deviation within a predetermined time of the reciprocating movement, and / or when a predetermined signal emitted by the acoustic sensor is reached.

[0028] The sensor can also be an optical sensor attached to the container, e.g. a turbidity sensor.

[0029] Optionally, a device for generating electrical voltage is attached to the container, in particular a device with a magnet and a coil arranged so as to be movable relative to the magnet, which are configured to generate electrical voltage when moved relative to one another. This device is preferably connected by means of an electrical line to a transmitter attached to the container in order to supply the transmitter with electrical voltage. The transmitter is preferably connected by means of a data line to at least one of the sensors in order to receive sensor signals. The transmitter is configured, for example, to transmit received sensor signals. Furthermore, the sensor can be connected to the device for generating electrical voltage by means of an electrical line.In this embodiment, the device is configured so that a sensor and a transmitter attached to the container can be energized by the device for generating electrical voltage as soon as the container is moved along the trajectory curve. Accordingly, the device can be designed without an electrical cable extending between a frame, relative to which the container is moved, and the container.

[0030] The container preferably has a round cross-section and the first screen wall and optionally second screen walls arranged between the container wall and the first screen wall are preferably arranged coaxially. An outlet opening, optionally with a connecting line attached, is arranged in the space between the container wall and the first screen wall, preferably between the container wall and the nearest screen wall and, in each case separately, between two adjacent screen walls. The outlet opening can connect directly to adjacent screen walls or to the container wall and the nearest screen wall. Connecting lines can, for example, each connect in a funnel shape to outlet openings arranged between adjacent screen walls or to the container wall and the nearest screen wall. Connecting lines preferably extend radially to the longitudinal axis of the container, optionally inclined against the longitudinal axis and / or in the direction of the vertical.

[0031] A connecting line connected to an outlet opening in the space between the container wall and the adjacent screen wall can alternatively be connected to an outlet opening in the container wall, while the terminal cross sections of the space are closed, e.g. covered by cover walls, which are optionally formed in one piece with the container wall or are closed by the container wall and the adjacent screen wall being connected to each other at their ends.

[0032] The device has the advantage that the optional line for supplying an initial composition of solids and all connecting lines for discharging sieve fractions and a residual fraction can be connected tightly to the container, e.g. its container wall and its lid and bottom wall, which cover the terminal cross sections of the container, and the container can otherwise be tightly closed.

[0033] Optionally, a vacuum source is connected to the container wall, e.g., by means of an elastic hose. The hose can be used to apply negative pressure to the container, which acts through the first screen wall into the internal cross-section spanned by the first screen wall and drives a gas flow from this internal cross-section to the container wall. Preferably, the vacuum source is connected to the connecting line, which is connected to an outlet opening in the space between the container wall and the adjacent screen wall, or which is connected to an outlet opening in the container wall, e.g., to the connecting line. Alternatively, a compressed gas source, e.g.,a compressor, may be connected to an inlet opening arranged to introduce an initial composition of solids into the device, wherein the inlet opening is arranged in particular on a cover which covers a terminal cross-section of the cross-section spanned by the first screen wall.

[0034] In a container with at least one first screen wall, the process can produce at least one screen fraction and one residual fraction in a single operation. For example, two screen fractions and one residual fraction, each with a different particle size, can be produced with a second screen wall. The screen fractions are discharged separately from one another through an outlet opening, preferably with a connecting line connected to it.

[0035] A first terminal cross-section, spanned by the first screen wall, which has the smallest internal cross-section and / or whose internal cross-section has no internal components, is covered by a first wall, also referred to as the bottom wall, which preferably has an outlet opening. Preferably, the opposite second terminal cross-section, spanned by the first screen wall, is covered by a second wall, also referred to as the cover, which has an inlet opening. For conveying solids through the device, it is preferred that the bottom wall is arranged below the cover, and connecting lines are connected to the lower region of the container.

[0036] The outlet opening of the bottom wall is designed to remove the residual fraction, the inlet opening of the lid is designed to supply solids, in particular an initial composition of solids to be screened and / or crushed.

[0037] Optionally, at least one sieve wall, which may be a first and / or a second sieve wall, can be reversibly inserted into and removed from the container, e.g., designed as a sieve insert with a circumferential side wall and a bottom wall fully connected to the side wall, wherein the bottom wall is optionally closed or has an outlet opening. Furthermore, the bottom wall optionally also has perforations and forms a bottom sieve.

[0038] In the process, an initial composition of solids, which may optionally be present in a mixture with liquid, also referred to here as sieve mass or mass, is

[0039] - introducing the initial composition of solids into the internal volume defined by a first screen wall of a container according to the invention,

[0040] - Moving the container back and forth along a trajectory curve, and

[0041] Discharge, preferably continuous discharge, of at least one screen fraction through a connecting line which is connected to the space between the container wall and an adjacent screen wall or to the space between two adjacent screen walls, optionally discharge, preferably continuously, of a residual fraction through an outlet opening which is arranged in the bottom wall covering the terminal cross-section of the first screen wall, at least one screen fraction and a residual fraction are produced.

[0042] The process can be used, for example, for separating liquid from an initial composition of solids with liquid, e.g. separating whey as a sieve fraction from precipitated cheese mass, the solid being produced as a residual fraction, for straining foodstuffs, for separating kernels and stones from fruit, whereby kernels and stones are separated as a residual fraction and fruit pulp and juice are produced as a sieve fraction, for externally abrading coated fruit kernels, e.g. abrading unpeeled sunflower seeds, whereby separated shell parts are removed as a sieve fraction and abraded kernels, e.g. sunflower seeds, are removed as a residual fraction, in the production of powdered chemicals, e.g. carbon black, color pigments, optionally from coarse minerals, for producing sieve fractions, or for abrading composite material, e.g. packaging made of at least two materials or electronic waste.

[0043] The screening can be driven by moving the container in a reciprocating movement along a trajectory curve with a frequency of at least 1 Hz along each of at least two axes, each with a different frequency and / or with a phase offset, over a path along each axis of preferably at least 1 cm, at least 2 cm or at least 3 cm or at least 10 cm, e.g. up to 50 cm, up to 30 cm, up to 20 cm or, for shorter paths, e.g. up to 15 cm.

[0044] It is generally preferred that the reciprocating movement of the container is continuous while continuously feeding an initial composition and continuously removing at least a screening fraction and a residual fraction.

[0045] In one embodiment, the container can have a lid that can be moved away from the internal cross-section spanned by the first sieve wall in order to open the internal cross-section for filling the components. In this way, the container can be filled for a batch process after opening the lid, with subsequent closure of the internal volume by means of the lid, and during or after the reciprocating movement, an outlet can be opened for removal, e.g., by allowing the residual fraction to fall out. Outlet openings arranged between the sieve wall and container wall and / or between two sieve walls, which are closed during the reciprocating movement, can be opened to remove sieve fractions.

[0046] Optionally, an upper, terminal cross-sectional opening of the container is at least partially open, preferably covered by a lid having an open inlet opening. Then, for a continuous process, the container can be continuously filled with the initial composition, e.g., via a feed hose connected to the inlet opening, and at least a screen fraction and optionally a residual fraction can be continuously discharged separately from one another.

[0047] Optionally, the container is temperature-controlled, in particular cooled. The container can be cooled by being arranged in a cooled housing or by having a double jacket through which a temperature-control medium can flow. In general, the container can have a triangular or square, or optionally polygonal, cross-section. The container is preferably arranged with its cross-section parallel to the horizontal. Preferably, the container has an oval or round cross-section, the end cross-sectional openings of which are covered by a base wall or a lid, which can each be curved, in particular concave or conical relative to the inner cross-section, or flat.In general, preferably in the case of a container having at least a triangular cross-section or a polygonal cross-section, the movement can take place along a sequence of path segments, each having at least one vertex, preferably each path segment having a number of vertices equal to the number of corners of the cross-section of the container.

[0048] Alternatively or additionally, the number of vertices of each path segment can be equal to the number of corners of the container's cross-section. The vertices can, for example, encompass an angle that is at least twice as large, preferably at least three times as large, as the angle encompassed by one of the adjacent path curves.

[0049] The reciprocating motion along two axes can be driven by a common drive motor, with the different frequencies of the movements along the axes being achieved, for example, by means of a sliding guide, an eccentric drive, and / or a gear. Alternatively, the reciprocating motion can be driven by two controlled drive motors. A drive motor can be a linear drive, e.g., an electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic linear drive, or a rotary motor.

[0050] The loading of the solids in the container, particularly the acceleration of solids against the screen walls, can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the reciprocating motion. A larger particle size can be produced by reciprocating along a sequence of low-frequency path segments, and a smaller particle size can be produced by reciprocating along a sequence of high-frequency path segments. It has been shown that at higher reciprocating frequencies, the acceleration of the mass or particles, e.g.

[0051] Agglomerates, against which the screen walls are higher and solids are therefore crushed more effectively than at low frequencies.

[0052] The device can have an elastic line, e.g., a polymer hose, as a supply line at a terminal cross-section of the container, in particular at a terminal cross-section spanned by the first screen wall. This is because the reciprocating movement can extend over short distances, e.g., 2 to 10 cm, so that an elastic line attached to the container can follow this movement if this line is fixed at a distance from the container, e.g., to a frame relative to which the container is driven for reciprocating movement.

[0053] The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the figures shown in

[0054] - Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a container in longitudinal section,

[0055] - Fig. 2A in plan view and 2B in cross section a further embodiment of a container, and

[0056] - Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of a container. In the figures, like reference numerals designate functionally equivalent elements.

[0057] Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a container 1 with a container wall 2, in which a first sieve wall 4 is arranged at a distance therefrom. The container 1 here has a lid 13 with an inlet opening 5 at an end cross-section spanned by the sieve wall 4 and, at its opposite end cross-section, a connecting line 6a which is connected to an outlet opening 8 in the space between the container wall 2 and the nearest sieve wall 4 and is designed to remove a sieve fraction. The end cross-section, which is spanned opposite the inlet opening 5 by the first sieve wall 4, is covered by a bottom wall 7 in which an outlet opening 8 is designed to remove a residual fraction.A sieve wall 4 is arranged within the cross-section spanned by the sieve wall 3, and in the space between the sieve wall 4 and the second sieve wall 4, a further outlet opening 8 is connected to which a second connecting line 6b can be discharged, through which a coarser sieve fraction can be discharged than through the connecting line 6a. A connecting line, e.g. an elastic hose line, optionally with a vacuum source connected thereto, can be connected to each of the connecting lines 6a, 6b and to the outlet opening 8 arranged in the bottom wall 7. The connecting lines 6a, 6b and the outlet opening 8 arranged in the bottom wall 7 are preferably arranged radially to the longitudinal axis 9 and / or radially to the container wall 2. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of the container 1.The container 1 is cylindrical and has a first insert 11 and a second insert 12, each of which is arranged at a distance from the container wall 2 in the container 1, and can optionally be reversibly arranged therein and removed. The container 1 has an inlet opening 5 at a terminal cross-section, which is arranged at the top in Fig. 2A, which is formed by the first insert 11. The first insert 11 projects beyond the container wall 2 there.

[0058] Each of the inserts 11, 12 is formed by a bottom wall 11B, 12B and a circumferential side wall 11S, 12S. At least one, optionally both, of the circumferential side wall 11S and the bottom wall 11B has perforations and forms the first sieve wall 3; optionally, the bottom wall 11B can be closed. Accordingly, at least one, optionally both, of the circumferential side wall 12S and the bottom wall 12B has perforations and forms the second sieve wall 4; optionally, the bottom wall 12B can be closed.

[0059] To remove sieve fractions from the container 1 according to Fig. 2, the first and second inserts 11, 12 are preferably removed from the container 1 after the back and forth movement, and the mass contained in the first insert 11 is removed as a residual fraction, and the sieve fractions contained in the second insert 12 and in the container 1 are removed separately.

[0060] A sensor 30, attached to the container 1, is connected via an electrical line 31 to a voltage generating device 32, which is attached to the container 1 and has a magnet movable relative to a coil. A transmitter 33 is connected to the sensor 30 via a data line 34 and to the voltage generating device 32 via an electrical line 35.

[0061] Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the container 1, here designed with a round cross-section, with a first insert 11 at a distance from the container wall 2, whose side wall 11S forms the first sieve wall 4 and whose bottom wall 11B also has openings, and at a distance from the container wall 2 and the first insert 11 with a second insert 12, whose side wall 12S forms the second sieve wall 3. According to Fig. 3, the container 1 has an opening 5 on one side. Reference numerals:

[0062] 1 container

[0063] 2 container wall

[0064] 3 second screen wall

[0065] 4 first screen wall

[0066] 5 Opening

[0067] 6a, 6b connecting cable

[0068] 7 floor wall

[0069] 8 Outlet opening

[0070] 9 Longitudinal axis

[0071] 11 first deployment

[0072] 11B Bottom wall of the first insert

[0073] I IS Side wall of the first insert

[0074] 12 second use

[0075] 12B Bottom wall of the second insert

[0076] 12S side wall of the second insert

[0077] 13 lids

[0078] 30 sensors

[0079] 31 electrical cable

[0080] 32 Device for generating electrical voltage

[0081] 33 channels

[0082] 34 data line

[0083] 35 electrical cable

Claims

Claims: Device for sieving an initial composition of solids, comprising a first sieve wall (4) spaced apart from the container wall (2) in a container (1), in which perforations are arranged, wherein the container (1) is driven to move back and forth along a path that comprises a sequence of path segments which can be generated by superimposing the back-and-forth movement along at least two axes with different frequencies and / or with phase shift, wherein a first terminal cross-section spanned by the first sieve wall (3) is covered by a bottom wall (7) and the opposite terminal cross-section is covered by a lid (13). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an outlet opening (8) is provided in the space between the container wall (2) and the first sieve wall (3) and / or the bottom wall (7) has an outlet opening (8).A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a second screen wall (4) is arranged in the container (1) at a distance between the first screen wall (3) and the container wall (2). A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the path comprises a sequence of path segments that can be generated by superimposing the reciprocating motion along at least two axes with different frequencies and / or with phase shifts, and which each comprise exactly one complete reciprocating motion along the axis along which the reciprocating motion with the lower frequency takes place, and each have at least one vertex at which the direction changes by at least 90° within a maximum of 24.5% of the length of a path segment.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lid (13) has an inlet opening (5) to which a line for supplying an initial composition of solids is connected. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one outlet opening (8) is connected to the sieve between adjacent sieve walls (3, 4). and / or is arranged between the container wall (2) and the nearest screen wall (3), each with a connecting line (6a, 6b) attached. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reciprocating movement of the container (1) takes place along a trajectory curve, with a frequency of 1 to 50 Hz along each of the axes of movement with a difference of 0.1 to 99.9% of the frequencies relative to the higher frequency.A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trajectory comprises a sequence of trajectory segments that can be generated by superimposing the reciprocating motion along at least two axes with different frequencies and / or with phase shifts, each of which comprises exactly one complete reciprocating motion along the axis along which the reciprocating motion with the lower frequency occurs, and the trajectory segments each have at least one vertex at which the direction changes by at least 90° within a maximum of 24.5% of the length of a trajectory segment. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one trajectory segment has a vertex at which the direction changes by at least 120° within a maximum of 10% of the length of the trajectory segment.A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the difference in frequencies is at least 0.01 Hz and 0.01% to 900%, and / or the phase shift is 0.0028% to 50% of the length of a path segment. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the path has at least one path segment comprising a straight section. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the path lies in the plane of the cross-section of the container (1). A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reciprocating movement along the path is driven by a gearbox. that is a belt drive driven by exactly one motor, or a friction wheel drive driven by exactly one motor. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a sensor (30) connected to a control unit configured to control the frequency and / or phase of the reciprocating motion and / or the acceleration of the container (1) during the reciprocating motion depending on the signal from the sensor (30). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a device (32) attached to the container (1) comprising a magnet and a coil movably arranged relative to the magnet, which are configured to generate an electrical voltage when moving relative to each other and are connected by means of an electrical line (31) to a transmitter (33) attached to the container (1).Device according to any one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that the sensor (30) is an acoustic sensor which is attached to the container (1) or which is fixed at a distance from an inflection point of the trajectory on a frame on which the container (1) is guided to move back and forth. Device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the sensor (30) is attached to the container (1) and is connected to the transmitter (33) for transmitting sensor signals. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (1) is guided to move back and forth with a maximum acceleration of at least 0.5 m / s². 2is driven. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the sieve walls (3, 4) is designed as an insert (11, 12) with a circumferential side wall (1 IS, 12S) and bottom wall (1 IB, 12B), wherein at least one of the circumferential side wall (1 IS, 12S) and bottom wall (1 IB, 12B) has openings and forms the sieve wall (3, 4). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vacuum source is connected to the container wall (1). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressurized gas source is connected to a lid (13) which covers a cross-section spanned by a screen wall. Method for producing at least one screen fraction and one residual fraction from an initial composition of solids comprising the steps - Introducing the initial composition into the cross-section of a container (1) of a device according to one of the preceding claims, which is defined by the first sieve wall (3), - Back-and-forth movement of the container (1) along a trajectory curve, and - continuous removal of at least one sieve fraction from the space between the container wall (1) and the first sieve wall (4). Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the reciprocating motion takes place along a path curve comprising a sequence of path segments that can be generated by superimposing the reciprocating motion along at least two axes with different frequencies and / or with phase shift, and each of which comprises exactly one complete reciprocating motion along the axis along which the reciprocating motion with the lower frequency takes place, and each of which has at least one vertex in which the direction changes by at least 90° within a maximum of 20% of the length of a path segment.Method according to one of claims 22 to 23, characterized in that the container wall (2) of the container (1) is subjected to negative pressure and / or that the cross-section spanned by the first sieve wall (3) is subjected to pressurized gas.

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