A superconductor protection unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a superconductor protection unit (10) for ensuring that the heat generated by the sudden transition of superconductor windings (20) provided to a superconductor transformer from the superconductor state to the normal state (quench) is discharged without damaging the superconductor windings (20). Accordingly, its novelty is characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical block (100) of high thermal conductivity in which superconductor windings (20) are wound for insertion into a liquid nitrogen reservoir in the transformer, multiple winding slots (110) in which each superconductor winding (20) is placed to limit the movement of the superconductor windings (20) placed on said cylindrical block (100); a slot (120) provided in the cylindrical block (100) to prevent the occurrence of magnetic and electrical exchange dynamics on the cylindrical block (100).

Description

[0001] A SUPERCONDUCTOR PROTECTION UNIT

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a superconductor protection unit for ensuring the heat generated by the sudden transition of superconductor windings provided to a superconductor transformer from the superconductor state to the normal state (quench) to be discharged without damaging the superconductor windings.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] When the temperature of a material is lowered below a certain value, the condition of completely zero electrical resistance is called superconductivity. In superconductor materials, when the temperature drops below a certain value, the material becomes a superconductor. An electric current can continue to flow through the superconductor material without receiving power from any source. Liquid nitrogen is often used to cool superconductor materials to the critical temperature at which they begin to show superconductivity. Today, superconductors are used in many applications such as health, military, and energy efficiency.

[0006] One of the areas of use of superconductors is transformers. It is ensured that the energy conversion is made by using superconductor windings in superconductor transformers. One of the common problems encountered in these studies is the temperature increase on the superconductor at the time of quench. In the quenched state, the superconductor winding makes a sudden transition to the normal state. The high fault currents that occur cause a rapid increase in temperature in the environment where superconductor windings are located. Generally, 2G HTS superconductor strips are used in such applications considering the ease of use of liquid nitrogen. Metals such as gold, copper, or silver can be preferred as the outermost layer of this strip. The outermost layer is referred to as the "stabilizer" in superconductor cable technology. It is known that there is a large difference in resistance between normal and superconductive conditions due to the ceramic structure of the superconductor. Therefore, as soon as the superconductor layer becomes normal, the current will pass through the gold, silver, or copper layer with the lowest resistance. The transition time is considered to be 1 ms. However, the resistance of gold, copper, or silver has a non-zero finite value, although the resistance values at room temperature at liquid nitrogen temperature have decreased to about 1 / 9. In the case of quench, it does not seem possible to keep the superconductor winding temperature constant in liquid nitrogen. While a significant part of the excess energy is transferred to liquid nitrogen through superconductor winding as thermal energy, it is expected that nitrogen evaporation on the superconductor surface will cause the conductor to heat up more quickly. This may cause a temperature increase of 300-400 K in a short time. Uncontrollable "quench" can cause high-cost superconductor winding to suffer permanent mechanical damage. For this reason, the heat energy formed must be discharged from the environment where the superconductor is located in a controlled way.

[0007] As a result, all the above-mentioned problems have made it necessary to innovate in the relevant technical field.

[0008] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention relates to a superconductor protection unit for eliminating the above- mentioned disadvantages and bringing new advantages to the related technical field.

[0010] An object of the invention is to provide a superconductor protection unit that allows the heat generated by the superconductor windings provided to a superconductor transformer to be discharged from the superconductor state (quench) without damaging the superconductor windings.

[0011] The present invention is a superconductor protection unit to discharge the heat generated by the sudden transition of superconductor windings from the superconductor state to the normal state (quench) provided to a superconductor transformer without damaging the superconductor windings in order to realize all the objects that will emerge from the abovementioned and the following detailed description. Accordingly, a cylindrical block with high thermal conductivity in which superconductor windings are wound to be placed in the liquid nitrogen reservoir in the transformer, a plurality of winding slots in which each superconductor winding is placed to limit the movement of the superconductor windings placed on the said cylindrical block, and a groove provided on the cylindrical block to prevent the formation of magnetic and electrical change dynamics on the cylindrical block. Thus, some of the heat generated in the "quench" state is transferred to the liquid nitrogen reservoir, while some are transferred to the cylindrical block. This prevents the superconductor windings from being damaged by excessive temperature by limiting the heat.

[0012] A possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the cylindrical block is made of aluminum.

[0013] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a single layer of kapton strip tape is provided between the cylindrical block and the superconductor windings in order not to weaken the thermal conductivity.

[0014] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0015] Figure 1 shows a frontal representative view of the superconductor protection unit.

[0016] Figure 2 shows a side representative view of the superconductor protection unit.

[0017] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] In this detailed description, the subject matter of the invention is explained only by means of examples that will not have any limiting effect for a better understanding of the subject matter.

[0019] The invention relates to a superconductor protection unit (10) for ensuring that the heat generated by the sudden transition of superconductor windings (20) provided to a superconductor transformer from the superconductor state to the normal state (quench) is discharged without damaging the superconductor windings (20).

[0020] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the superconductor contains at least one liquid nitrogen reservoir within the transformers. A cylindrical block (100) with high thermal conductivity, in which superconductor windings (20) are wound, is placed in the liquid nitrogen reservoir. Said cylindrical block (100) is made of aluminum. The cylindrical block (100) includes a plurality of winding slots (110) for winding the superconductor windings (20). Said winding slots (110) ensure that the superconductor windings (20) are stopped regularly by limiting the movement of the superconductor windings depending on the vibration. A groove (120) is provided on the cylindrical block (100) so that the superconductor windings (20) are not affected by magnetic and electrical change dynamics. The groove (120) may be left empty in a possible embodiment of the invention. In another possible embodiment of the invention, an electrically insulating material can be placed in the groove. It is preferred to use the G-10 material as said electrically insulating material in a possible embodiment of the invention. The groove (120) prevents the formation of eddy currents that will arise from the magnetic flux change on the cylindrical block (100) and will be formed by Lenz's law.

[0021] The heat generated due to the temperature in the event of an error (quench) must be discharged as quickly as possible. The heat generated in the case of error (quench) is reduced to a few amperes due to the S-N passage of the superconductor through the superconductor winding (20). The stabilizer layer provided on the superconductor winding (20) is activated in the meantime and allows the current passing through the superconductor to flow largely through itself. The heat generated in the current state is largely due to the resistance of the stabilizer layer. A certain part of this heat is present in liquid nitrogen. However, the increasing heat also increases the temperature of the superconductor winding (20). This increase in temperature is due to the increase in resistance. The aluminum cylindrical block (100) allows the transfer of the heat formed on the superconductor winding (20) to both liquid nitrogen and itself, allowing the temperature increase to be limited more effectively. Thus, by limiting the heat formed on the superconductor winding (20), the deterioration of the superconductor windings (20) is prevented due to the increasing temperature.

[0022] Leaving the groove (120) empty and / or filling it with an electrically insulating material such as G-10 creates an open circuit for electrical conduction. The contact between the cylinder block (100) and the superconductor windings (20) contributes to the formation of thermal equilibrium in a stable state. This also ensures that the temperature increase of the superconductor winding (20), whose temperature increases rapidly in the case of "quench" triggered by the formation of artificial error, is slowed down.

[0023] A single layer of kapton tape was applied between the superconductor winding (20) and the cylindrical block (100) to avoid weakening the thermal conductivity.

[0024] The protection scope of the invention is specified in the attached claims and cannot be strictly limited to those explained in this detailed description for illustrative purposes. It is evident that a person skilled in the art may exhibit similar embodiments in light of the foregoing without departing from the main theme of the invention. REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE FIGURES

[0025] 10 Superconductor Protection Unit

[0026] 100 Cylindrical Block 110 Winding Slot

[0027] 120 Groove

[0028] 20 Superconductor Winding

Claims

CLAIMS1. A superconductor protection unit (10) for ensuring that the heat generated by the sudden transition of the superconductor windings (20) provided to a superconductor transformer from the superconductor state to the normal state (quench) is discharged without damaging the superconductor windings (20), characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical block (100) of high thermal conductivity in which superconductor windings (20) are wound for insertion into a liquid nitrogen reservoir in the transformer, multiple winding slots (110) in which each superconductor winding (20) is placed to limit the movement of the superconductor windings (20) placed on said cylindrical block (100); a slot (120) provided in the cylindrical block (100) to prevent the occurrence of magnetic and electrical exchange dynamics on the cylindrical block (100).

2. A superconductor protection unit (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the cylindrical block (100) is made of aluminum.

3. A superconductor protection unit (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that a single layer of kapton strip tape is provided between the cylindrical block (100) and the superconductor windings (20) in order not to weaken the thermal conductivity.

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