Shuttering unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork unit for forming a formwork arrangement for the production of a concrete floor slab, a concrete ceiling, or a concrete wall. The formwork unit comprises a formwork surface element (3) with a first round bar (4, 5), and a retaining element (6) with a second round bar for fixing the formwork unit. The formwork unit has a connecting element arranged and configured such that the connecting element rotatably connects the retaining element (6) to the formwork surface element (3), wherein the connecting element is rotatably mounted on the first round bar (4, 5) of the formwork surface element (3), and / or wherein the connecting element is rotatably mounted on the second round bar of the retaining element (6).

Description

Field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a formwork unit for forming a formwork arrangement for the production of a concrete floor slab, a concrete ceiling, or a concrete wall. The formwork unit comprises a formwork surface element and a holding element for securing the formwork unit. A connecting element rotatably connects the holding element to the formwork surface element. background

[0002] When concreting concrete floor slabs, concrete ceilings, or concrete walls in stages, the reinforcement must protrude from each concrete section to be poured into the space of the next concrete section so that the concrete sections can be connected to each other via the reinforcement. The area between the two concrete sections is called the construction joint. "Lost" (i.e., left in the concrete after curing) elongated formwork is used to form the construction joints.

[0003] The installation of a stop-end unit for concrete floor slabs or concrete ceilings is as follows: To achieve a clean bottom edge, a spacer rail with a closed support section is installed before laying the lower reinforcement layer. This creates a straight concrete edge and ensures the desired concrete cover for the reinforcement. The stop-end unit is then secured to the lower reinforcement layer using wire ties.

[0004] Depending on the design of the formwork unit, injection hoses or injection channels can be attached directly or joint tapes, joint plates or similar profiles can be inserted into a specially designed central slot opening in the formwork unit in order to seal the construction joint.

[0005] The upper reinforcement layer can then be placed on the stop-end unit. To achieve a clean top edge, a stop-end rubber, scaffold board, or squared timber is placed on top.

[0006] For concrete walls, the same structure applies as for concrete floor slabs and concrete ceilings, but adapted to the process of forming walls.

[0007] In contrast to conventional formwork with wood, where the boards have to be removed and the concrete roughened after concreting (exposed aggregate concrete), the permanent formwork unit simply remains in the concrete and stripping is not necessary. Description of the invention

[0008] The task is to provide a formwork unit which is intended to be cast in concrete and which can be transported in a space-saving manner and easily assembled.

[0009] This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claim. Accordingly, a formwork unit is provided for forming a formwork arrangement for the production of a concrete floor slab, concrete ceiling, or concrete wall. This comprises a formwork surface element with a first round bar. In particular, the formwork surface element serves as a large-area wall that stops the liquid concrete and holds it in position. In particular, the first round bar forms a stable frame for the formwork surface element. a holding element having a second round bar for fixing the formwork surface element. In particular, the holding element enables the formwork surface element to be held in position during the concreting process. The formwork unit can be fixed to the reinforcement in particular via the holding element, in particular by tying it down using wire ties. a connecting element, arranged and designed such that the connecting element rotatably connects the holding element to the formwork surface element.The mobility allows the retaining element and the formwork surface element to be arranged compactly relative to one another in a first position, namely a transport position, so that the formwork unit can be transported in a space-saving manner. In a second position, namely an assembly position, the formwork surface element and the retaining element are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the retaining element holds the formwork surface element in its position as required for the concreting process.

[0010] The connecting element, which ensures the relative rotatability of the formwork surface element and the holding element, is rotatably arranged on the first round bar of the formwork surface element and / or on the second round bar of the formwork surface element.

[0011] This means that the following configurations are conceivable: the connecting element is rotatably fixed to the first round bar and non-rotatably fixed to the second round bar; the connecting element is rotatably fixed to the second round bar and non-rotatably fixed to the first round bar; the connecting element is rotatably fixed to the first and second round bars.

[0012] The formwork unit described has a simple design and features round bars. Such a formwork unit is intended to be cast into concrete. In other words, the formwork unit is a permanent formwork unit. In particular, the formwork surface element and the retaining element do not contain any wood, which would have to be removed after concreting.

[0013] This formwork unit, constructed with round bars, is easy to transport because the retaining elements are folded for transport. Furthermore, the formwork unit can be easily assembled on the construction site by unfolding the retaining elements for assembly. The unfolding movement is achieved by rotating the connecting element as described above. Furthermore, the formwork unit can remain in the concrete after concreting and does not need to be removed.

[0014] In a special embodiment, the connecting element is mounted so that it can rotate around the axis of the first round bar or around the axis of the second round bar. This means that the connecting element is attached directly to the round bar and rotates around it. The connecting element is fixed to the round bar simply and reliably.

[0015] In particular, the connecting element is designed to form a positive connection, in particular a snap connection, with the first round bar and / or with the second round bar. A positive connection is possible both in the case where the connecting element is rotatably mounted with the round bar and in the case where the connecting element is not rotatably mounted with the round bar. A positive connection, in particular designed as a snap connection, allows for easy assembly of the formwork unit during its manufacture.

[0016] The snap fastener, which forms the snap connection, advantageously has a cap. The cap secures the snap connection and prevents the connection between the connecting element and the round bar from accidentally coming loose.

[0017] In particular, the connecting element can be designed to form a frictional connection, in particular a press connection, with the first round bar and / or with the second round bar. In particular, the connecting element has a retaining opening dimensioned such that the first round bar and / or the second round bar can be pressed into the retaining opening. A press connection reliably prevents the connection between the connecting element and the round bar from coming loose.

[0018] For example, the following configurations are possible: The connecting element forms a positive connection with the first round bar of the formwork surface element, in particular in the form of a snap connection, and a non-positive connection with the second round bar of the holding element, in particular as a press connection. The positive connection is rotatable and the non-positive connection is not rotatable. As a result, the holding element and the formwork surface element are rotatably connected to one another via the connecting element. Conversely, the connecting element can form a non-positive connection with the first round bar and a rotatable, positive connection with the second round bar. Alternatively, the connecting element can also be connected to the first and second round bars by means of a positive connection. The only essential requirement is that the holding element and the formwork surface element can be rotated relative to one another.

[0019] In particular, the retaining element is shaped like a stirrup. This allows for easy gripping of the formwork unit to unfold the retaining element. Furthermore, the stirrup transfers forces from the upper reinforcement layer to the lower reinforcement layer, e.g., during the concreting process or when standing on the stirrup.

[0020] The retaining element advantageously extends over the entire height of the formwork unit. In particular, the retaining element could also be simply an elongated bar or an angle.

[0021] The connecting element advantageously comprises a locking device. The locking device is designed to lock the retaining element in a specific rotational position relative to the formwork element. In particular, the retaining element is locked at a rotation angle of 90° relative to the formwork element. The locking mechanism has the advantage that the retaining element remains in the desired position during assembly and does not collapse.

[0022] In particular, the formwork unit comprises at least two, in particular at least three, in particular seven, retaining elements. This allows longer formwork units to be held securely in their positions. In particular, each of the retaining elements is connected to one, in particular to at least two, connecting elements.

[0023] The formwork unit advantageously comprises one or more of the retaining elements, wherein at least one of the retaining elements is connected to at least two, in particular to at least three, formwork surface elements via the connecting elements. For example, if two formwork surface elements are used, a joint tape can be arranged between the two formwork surface elements to seal the construction joint.

[0024] The formwork unit according to the invention is used as a component of a formwork arrangement for producing a reinforced, slab-like concrete element. The formwork arrangement comprises a first, a second, a third, and a fourth reinforcement layer. The first and second reinforcement layers are arranged on one side of the formwork unit and are aligned at an angle of 90° to each other. The third and fourth reinforcement layers are arranged on the other side of the formwork unit and are also aligned at an angle of 90° to each other. The formwork unit extends from the first and second to the third and fourth reinforcement layers.

[0025] In a concrete floor slab or concrete ceiling, the first and second reinforcement layers together form the lower reinforcement layer, and the third and fourth reinforcement layers together form the upper reinforcement layer. This means that the formwork unit extends from the lower to the upper reinforcement layer.

[0026] In addition, the formwork arrangement for concrete floor slabs comprises a first solid base, for concrete ceilings a ceiling formwork and for concrete walls a first formwork and a second formwork spaced from the first formwork.

[0027] Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding method for removing the formwork of a first concreting section of a concrete floor slab, a concrete ceiling, or a concrete wall using the described formwork unit. The method comprises the following steps: a) Laying the reinforcement and positioning the formwork unit, b) Concreting, c) Continuing the work, leaving the formwork unit as a "lost element" in the concrete after curing.

[0028] In particular, step a) includes the following sub-steps: Laying a first and second reinforcement layer, positioning the formwork unit on the first and second reinforcement layer and fixing the formwork unit to the first and second reinforcement layer, laying a third and fourth reinforcement layer. Short description of the drawings

[0029] Further embodiments, advantages, and applications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with reference to the figures. These show: Fig. 1a to 1c a first embodiment of a formwork unit according to the invention with a single formwork surface element; Fig. 2a to 2ca second embodiment of a formwork unit according to the invention with two formwork surface elements, suitable for inserting a joint tape; Fig. 3a to 3d Detailed views of the connecting element with a cap; and Fig. 4a to Fig. 4b an assembled formwork unit for producing a concrete ceiling or concrete floor slab. Ways to implement the invention

[0030] Fig. 1a shows a first embodiment of the invention. The Fig. 1b and 1c show detailed views of the Fig. 1a . Shown is a formwork unit in a transport position 1 and in an assembly position 2.

[0031] The formwork unit comprises a single formwork element 3. This consists of a mesh and round bars 4 and 5 that span the mesh. The mesh is made of fiberglass material. Alternatively, expanded metal could also be used as the formwork element 3. The round bars 4 and 5 are referred to as the first round bars in the claim definition. The round bars 4 span the formwork element 3 in the longitudinal direction X, and the round bars 5 span the formwork element 3 in the transverse direction Y.

[0032] The formwork unit also comprises seven retaining elements 6. The retaining elements 6 consist of a stirrup-shaped round bar. The stirrup-shaped round bars are referred to as second round bars in the claim definition. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the retaining elements 6 each consist only of the second round bar.

[0033] In transport position 1, the retaining elements 6 are folded onto the formwork surface element 3. In transport position 1, the formwork unit is compact and can be transported in a space-saving manner. Multiple formwork units can be easily stacked on top of each other.

[0034] In assembly position 2, the holding elements 6 are folded out in the Z direction toward the formwork element 3. In assembly position 2, the holding elements 6 fulfill their function, namely to hold the formwork element 3 vertically in its position.

[0035] In order to move the holding element 3 from the transport position 1 to the assembly position 2, a relative rotational movement of 90° is required.

[0036] Each holding element 6 is connected to the formwork surface element 3 via two connecting elements 7. The connecting element 7 connects the ends of the stirrup-shaped round bars of the holding element 6 to the round bars 5 of the formwork surface element 3, which are aligned in the transverse direction Y. The connecting elements 7 are designed such that a relative rotational movement between the holding element 6 and the formwork surface element 3 is possible.

[0037] The Fig. 3a shows the connecting element 7 in detail, with the shuttering unit in transport position 1. The Fig. 3b shows the same detailed view with the difference that the stop-end unit is in assembly position 2. The Fig. 3c and 3d show the connecting element 7 with an associated closure cap 8 from two different perspectives.

[0038] The connecting element 7 comprises a holding opening 9 into which one end of the round bar of the holding element 6 can be pressed. This means that there is a force-fitting press connection between the connecting element 7 and the holding element 6, so that the connecting element 7 and the holding element 6 are not rotatable relative to one another.

[0039] The connecting element 7 also comprises a snap fastener 10. The snap fastener 10 positively receives the round bar 5 of the formwork element 3, which is aligned in the transverse direction Y. To ensure that the round bar 5 does not fall out of the snap fastener 10, the latter is secured with the closure cap 8. The snap fastener 10 is designed such that the round bar 5 of the formwork element 3 and the connecting element 7 can rotate relative to one another. This means that the holding element 6 rotates about the axis of the round bar 5 of the formwork element 3, which is aligned in the transverse direction Y. This rotatability enables the holding element 6 to be rotated by an angle of 90° relative to the formwork element 3.

[0040] A snap hook 11 is arranged on the top side of the connecting element 7. In the assembly position 2, as shown in Fig. 3bAs shown, the snap hook 11 projects beyond the round bar 4 aligned in the longitudinal direction X and is snapped in. This means that the holding element 6 can only be rotated back from the assembly position 2 into the transport position 1 with increased force, in that the force of the snap hook 11 must be overcome.

[0041] The Fig. 2a shows a second embodiment of the invention. The Fig. 2b and 2c show detailed views of the Fig. 2a . The same reference numerals are used as in the first embodiment.

[0042] In contrast to the first embodiment, the Fig. 2aThe second embodiment shown comprises a total of two formwork surface elements 3. These are designated in the second embodiment with the reference numerals 3a and 3b. A gap 12 is formed between the two formwork surface elements 3a and 3b, into which a joint tape or a joint sheet (not shown) can be placed. The joint tape or joint sheet serves to seal the construction joint.

[0043] The Fig. 4a shows the formwork unit in assembled position before pouring the liquid concrete. Fig. 4b shows a section with a side view. These figures are intended to illustrate the process for constructing a concrete floor slab or concrete ceiling with formwork.

[0044] In a first step, a stop-end comb 13 is positioned on the formwork 18. Then, a lower reinforcement layer 14 is laid, which is received by the stop-end comb 13. The lower reinforcement layer comprises the first reinforcement layer 14a and the second reinforcement layer 14b. In a further step, the stop-end unit is mounted on the lower reinforcement layer 14. The stop-end unit is fastened to the lower reinforcement layer 14 using wire ties 15. Subsequently, the upper reinforcement layer 16 is laid on the stop-end unit, and a squared timber 17 is fastened to the upper reinforcement layer 16 using cable ties. The upper reinforcement layer 16 comprises the third reinforcement layer 16a and the fourth reinforcement layer 16b.

[0045] In the Fig. 4a and 4b The next steps are no longer shown. The liquid concrete is poured. The liquid concrete hardens, and the formwork unit remains encased in concrete. The formwork unit is lost.

[0046] While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in this application, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not limited thereto and may be embodied in other ways within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. Formwork unit for forming a formwork arrangement for the production of a concrete floor slab, concrete ceiling or concrete wall, comprising - a formwork surface element (3) with a first round bar (4, 5), - a holding element (6) for fixing the formwork unit with a second round bar, characterized in that the formwork unit has a connecting element (7) arranged and designed such that the connecting element (7) rotatably connects the holding element (6) to the formwork surface element (3), wherein - the connecting element (7) is rotatably mounted on the first round bar (4, 5) of the formwork surface element (3), and / or - the connecting element (7) is rotatably mounted on the second round bar of the holding element (6).

2. Formwork unit according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element (7) is rotatably mounted about the axis of the first round bar (4, 5) and / or about the axis of the second round bar.

3. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (7) is designed to form a positive connection, in particular a snap connection, with the first round bar (4, 5) and / or with the second round bar.

4. Formwork unit according to claim 3, wherein the connecting element (7) has a snap closure (10) which is suitable for forming the snap connection, and wherein the snap closure (10) has a closure cap (8) for securing the snap connection.

5. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (7) is designed to form a frictional connection, in particular a press connection, with the first round bar (4, 5) and / or with the second round bar, in particular wherein the connecting element (7) has a holding opening (9) which is dimensioned such that the first round bar (4, 5) and / or the second round bar can be pressed into the holding opening (9).

6. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding element (6) has the shape of a bracket or the shape of an elongated iron or the shape of an angle.

7. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding element (6) extends over the entire height of the formwork unit.

8. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (7) has a locking device (11) designed to lock the holding element (6) in a specific rotational position relative to the formwork surface element (3), in particular to lock the holding element (6) at a rotational angle of 90° relative to the formwork surface element (3).

9. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least two, in particular at least three, in particular seven, holding elements (6), in particular wherein each of the holding elements (6) has one, in particular at least two, connecting elements (7).

10. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more of the holding elements (6), wherein at least one of the holding elements (6) is connected to at least two, in particular to at least three, formwork surface elements (3) via the connecting elements (7).

11. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of the holding elements (6), in particular seven holding elements (6), each with two of the connecting elements (7), via which the holding elements (6) are connected to two formwork surface elements (3), in particular wherein a joint tape is arranged between the two formwork surface elements (3).

12. Formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the formwork surface element (3) and the holding element (6) do not comprise wood, and / or - the formwork unit is a permanent formwork unit.

13. Formwork arrangement for producing a reinforced, slab-like concrete element, comprising - a first and a second reinforcement layer, - a third and a fourth reinforcement layer, - a formwork unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the formwork unit extends from the first and second to the third and fourth reinforcement layer, in particular wherein the formwork arrangement comprises - in the case of concrete floor slabs, a first solid base, - in the case of concrete ceilings, a ceiling formwork, - in the case of concrete walls, a first formwork and a second formwork spaced apart from the first formwork.

14. A method for removing the formwork of a first concreting section of a concrete floor slab, concrete ceiling or concrete wall, comprising the following steps: a) laying the reinforcement and positioning the formwork unit according to one of claims 1 to 12, b) concreting, c) continuing the work, wherein the formwork unit is left in the concrete after curing.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein step a) comprises the following sub-steps: - laying a first reinforcement layer (14a) and a second reinforcement layer (14b), - positioning and fixing the formwork unit on the first reinforcement layer (14a) and / or the second reinforcement layer (14b), - laying a third reinforcement layer (16a) and a fourth reinforcement layer (16b).

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