Insoluble product, particularly coloring agent, and method for the production thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coloring agent (1) comprising at least one pigment (10) that contains at least one water-swellable, hyprophilic but water-insoluble polysaccharide (2), and at least one colorant (3). The invention also relates to a method for producing this coloring agent (1).

Description

[0001] Insoluble product, in particular colorant, and a process for its preparation

[0002] The invention relates to an insoluble product, in particular a colorant, and a process for its production, as well as to the use of beta-1,4-mannans, in particular from tagua nuts, for the production of such products such as colorants, preferably for the production of an insoluble colorant containing at least one soluble dye. The colorant according to the invention can preferably be used as wall paints, paints, or other paints known to the person skilled in the art, and also for the coloring of foodstuffs, luxury goods, food supplements, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical products.

[0003] Colorants can be divided into two groups: 1. Soluble dyes and 2. Insoluble dyes. Insoluble dyes are also called pigments. The physicochemical properties of these two groups differ in their interaction with light. The color impression of soluble dyes arises from the absorption of light of the corresponding wavelength.

[0004] Pigment dyes are based on the reflection and scattering of light by the pigment particles.

[0005] The conversion of soluble to insoluble dyes is called laking. This involves a soluble dye being bound to an aluminum hydroxide gel via ionic interaction, often with the addition of multivalent cations such as Ca ++ or Mg ++Well-known examples of such aluminum lakes that are used in the food and cosmetics sectors are carmine (E 120, CI Natural Red 4) or lakes of artificial food colors such as tartrazine (E 102, CI Food Yellow 4), quinoline yellow (E 104, CI Food Yellow 13), sunset yellow (E 110, CI Food Yellow 3), Allura Red (E 129, CI Food Red 17), Ponceau 4R (E 124, Cochineal Red A, CI Food Red 7), carmoisine (E 122, azorubine, CI Food Red 3), brilliant blue FCF (E 133, CI Food Blue 2), patent blue (E 131, CI Food Blue 5), just to name the most common.

[0006] Aluminum lakes of the natural pigments curcumin, carmine, copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins, and anthocyanins are generally permitted as food additives in the EU (EU Regulation 1333 / 208). However, due to their aluminum content, an amendment (EU Regulation 380 / 2012) has largely prohibited their use, as the legally stipulated maximum values ​​would be exceeded at normal usage levels. In the USA, only the aluminum lakes of the artificial food colors approved there are permitted; aluminum lakes of natural food colors are not permitted.

[0007] In contrast to the lakes of artificial dyes, the process of laquering natural dyes often results in a change in color. For example, red anthocyanins become more or less blue anthocyanin lakes, and orange carminic acid becomes a reddish-violet carmine lake. The associated change in absorption in the longer-wavelength range of the visible light spectrum is explained in the literature by the complexation of the dyes with the aluminum cation. This color shift, caused by the complexation of flower anthocyanins with aluminum, naturally occurs in red- or blue-flowering hydrangeas.

[0008] Since, on the one hand, the production of such aluminum paints is associated with color shifts and, on the other hand, the field of application of such aluminum paints is severely limited by the high aluminum content, and consumers demand more natural, pigmentary colors, for example in the cosmetics sector, the object of the present invention is to find a new colorant or a new way for the conversion of soluble into insoluble colorants that does not have the above-mentioned problems.

[0009] The problem is solved by a colorant that comprises at least one pigment which

[0010] - at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic but water-insoluble polysaccharide, and

[0011] - contains at least one dye.

[0012] The term "colorant" refers to the composition according to the invention having a color optically perceptible to humans. The term "pigment" refers to an insoluble dye. This pigment contains a dye that is itself soluble in a solvent, as well as at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic, but water-insoluble polysaccharide, in particular at least one beta-1,4-mannan. Within the scope of the invention, it has surprisingly been found that matrix encapsulation of such a dye in a polysaccharide—in particular in beta-1,4-mannans—transforms a soluble dye into an insoluble formulation and thus enables a color effect due to reflection and scattering by the pigment particles rather than due to absorption by the dye solution.It has also been found that this effect is suitable for other substances besides soluble dyes, converting them into an insoluble state and thus, so to speak, laking them.

[0013] Most polysaccharides are either hydrophilic and water-soluble, such as inulin, maltodextrin, xanthan gum, pectin, gum arabic, gum ghatti, guar gum or locust bean gum, or water-insoluble, such as cellulose or most hemicelluloses, or water-soluble but have a hydrophobic internal surface, such as starch, amylose or amylopectin, which is not suitable for the inclusion of hydrophilic dyes.

[0014] Surprisingly, it has been shown that a water-swellable, hydrophilic, but water-insoluble polysaccharide containing at least one beta-1,4-mannan, preferably consisting essentially of beta-1,4-mannans, and especially obtained from the endosperm of the tagua nut fruit, can serve very well as a matrix for the encapsulation of soluble dyes. The endosperm of the tagua nut itself is often referred to as "tagua nut" because the dried endosperm is very hard and was historically used, for example, as a material for buttons.

[0015] The main component of tagua nut polysaccharides is mannans, which exhibit the desired properties. The statement "consists essentially of beta-1,4-mannans" refers to the fact that, when using a natural source such as the tagua nut, the carrier substance according to the invention for the dyes may contain other mannans or polysaccharides in addition to the beta-1,4-mannans due to the biological origin in the plant in question. Within the scope of the invention, synthetically produced beta-1,4-mannans can also be used for the matrix encapsulation of the dyes.

[0016] By matrix encapsulation with tagua nut polysaccharides, an improvement in the stability of the encapsulated dyes against oxidation or hydrolysis was observed.

[0017] A decisive advantage over commercially available colored lakes is the fact that no metal salts are used for the insolubilization process with beta-1,4-mannans and, in particular, tagua nut polysaccharides, thus completely avoiding the chemical reaction with these, which could lead to a change in color. The colors therefore remain unchanged, which is a previously unsolved problem, especially in the laking of anthocyanins.

[0018] The colorant according to the invention, preferably the pigment contained in this colorant, is in the form of a powder, wherein the particle size D 90 ,3 in particular in the range up to about 120 pm, preferably up to 100 pm, particularly preferably from about 0.5 pm to about 50 pm, very particularly preferably from about 1 pm to about 20 gm and extremely preferably about 15 gm.

[0019] Within the scope of the invention, the colorant may also contain one or more further components and / or auxiliaries, which are preferably selected from the group comprising vitamins, bioactive ingredients and active substances, pharmaceutical active substances and fillers as well as mixtures of at least two of the said components and / or auxiliaries.

[0020] It is understood that the invention is not only applicable to soluble dyes. Rather, the invention provides an insoluble product comprising at least one beta-1,4-mannan, which is preferably obtained from the endosperm of the tagua nut, and at least one soluble substance selected from the group consisting of dyes, flavors, pharmaceutically active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetically active ingredients, food supplements, and mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned substances. In particular, the invention provides a colored product, preferably wall paint, paint, or coating paint, food, luxury goods, food supplements, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical products, comprising a colorant as described above.

[0021] The particle size distributions were measured by laser light diffraction using a Malvern Mastersizer 3000 instrument using the Mie detection and calculation method. The data for the characteristic parameters D x are to be understood as the usual standard deviations in particle size distribution measurements using laser light diffraction. The skilled person can determine the standard deviation based on multiple measurements of the colorant or pigment in question.

[0022] The most preferred, maximum particle size to be aimed for corresponds to the value of D 90 ,3 of approximately 15 pm , ie , 90 % of all particles present or formed in a particle size distribution determined by laser light diffraction have a particle size below 15 pm .

[0023] In the present invention, a coloring substance soluble in water or another solvent is used as the dye. The dye can be selected from the group comprising at least one natural dye, at least one synthetic dye, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0024] Of particular interest for the present invention was the conversion of soluble natural dyes, i.e., those which are soluble in water or other solvents, into insoluble colors or dyes. "Natural dyes" in the sense of the invention are dyes of plant or animal origin. Preferred dyes are those which are

[0025] Plant parts can be obtained. Different parts of the plant are preferred, depending on the desired dye. However, it is understood that a dye can be obtained from more than one part of the plant. Detailed descriptions of natural dyes can be found, among other places, in the "Handbook of Natural Dyes: Occurrence, Use, Detection," known to those skilled in the art, H. Schweppe, ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993, Landsberg / Lech.

[0026] The amount of soluble dye in the colorant according to the invention can be up to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the colorant. The proportion of dye is preferably from approximately 0.001 to approximately 20% by weight, particularly preferably from approximately 0.05 to approximately 20% by weight.

[0027] The amount of polysaccharide in the colorant according to the invention can be up to 99.999 wt.%, based on the total weight of the colorant. Preferably, the minimum proportion of polysaccharide is approximately 50 wt.%. Particularly preferably, the amount of polysaccharide is from approximately 80 to approximately 99.95 wt.%, based on the total weight of the colorant.

[0028] The colorant according to the invention may contain one or more further components and / or auxiliaries which are preferably selected from the group comprising vitamins, bioactive ingredients and / or active substances and pharmaceutical active substances as well as mixtures of at least two of the components mentioned.

[0029] The colorant is preferably a solid, powdered substance. The colorant can then be further processed depending on the intended use. It is possible to combine the colorant with one or more other components and / or excipients. The preferred components can be selected, for example, from the group comprising vitamins, bioactive ingredients and / or active substances and / or pharmaceutical active ingredients, as well as mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned components.

[0030] The invention thus enables the use of the colorant according to the invention for incorporating at least one dye into wall paints, paints, or other paints known to those skilled in the art, as well as into a food, dietary supplement, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical product. Since the invention is also suitable for converting not only dyes but also other soluble substances into an insoluble form, the invention additionally provides an insoluble product comprising at least one beta-1,4-mannan, which is preferably obtained from the endosperm of the tagua nut, and at least one soluble substance 3, which is selected from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, dietary supplements, and mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned substances.

[0031] The colorant or insoluble product according to the invention can be used directly. However, it can also be used in a hydrophobicized form within the scope of the invention. Agents such as alkyltrialkoxysilanes, for example, octyltriethoxysilane, are particularly suitable for hydrophobization.

[0032] The present invention further provides a process for producing the colorant according to the invention. The process for producing a colorant, preferably a colorant or pigment insoluble in water or other solvents, or an insoluble product described above, comprises:

[0033] (a) Pre-dividing a powder containing at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic but water-insoluble polysaccharide,

[0034] (b) swelling the powder from step (a) in an aqueous solution,

[0035] (c) bringing the mixture obtained from step (b) into contact with at least one substance selected from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned,

[0036] (d) separating the excess liquid from the mass obtained in step (c) to obtain the solid phase.

[0037] The polysaccharide in step (a) can be extracted, in particular, from the endosperm of the tagua nut fruit. The dried endosperm of the tagua nut can be ground and then used as a powder.

[0038] The polysaccharide, in particular in powder form, has a particle size D 90 ,3 up to 200 pm, preferably a particle size D 90 ,3 up to 100 pm, particularly preferably a particle size D 90,3 from about 0.5 pm to about 50 pm, most preferably a particle size D 99 ,3 from about 1 pm to about 20 pm, and most preferably a particle size D 90 ,3 of approximately 15 pm. The particle size was determined as described above.

[0039] The aqueous solution in step (b) may contain at least one salt. The skilled person will adjust the solution and salt content to optimize the quality of the swelling for the specific application. The choice of salt, the temperature during swelling, its duration, and other parameters, for example, by adjusting the stirrer speed for discontinuous swelling in a stirred tank or the energy density introduced into the suspension of powder and aqueous solution, also offer possibilities for influencing the quality of the swelling.

[0040] Preferred is salt that is suitable for food, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical products, with alkali or alkaline earth chlorides such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride being preferred, and table salt (sodium chloride) being particularly preferred. The at least one salt can also be a mixture of at least two of the chlorides mentioned. The preferred amount of salt is from about 1 to about 40 wt.%, preferably about 10 to 25 wt.%, particularly preferably 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution. The optimum swelling time is from about 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 45 minutes to 12 hours, particularly preferably 1 to 2 hours. The optimum temperature in step (b) is about 15 to about 40°C, preferably about 18°C ​​to 30°C, particularly preferably about 20 to about 25°C.The "bringing into contact" in step (c) can be carried out using any method suitable for this purpose known to the person skilled in the art, preferably by mixing. During step (c), the matrix encapsulation takes place. In this case, the dye - or another soluble substance, further details of which will be explained below - as the active component is homogeneously mixed with the polysaccharide, which contains at least one beta-1,4 mannan and preferably consists essentially of beta-1,4 mannans, as the shell component or "matrix". This creates a mixture in which the active component is evenly distributed in the matrix.

[0041] In the present invention, a coloring substance soluble in water or another solvent is used as the dye. The dye can be selected from the group comprising at least one natural dye, at least one synthetic dye, and / or mixtures thereof. In the context of the invention, the at least one dye is therefore selected from the group comprising natural dyes and / or synthetic dyes soluble in water or other solvents, as well as mixtures of at least two such natural dyes and / or synthetic dyes. Natural dyes are preferred. In the process according to the invention, the soluble dyes can be used in the form of a plant extract.

[0042] Separation (d) can be carried out using any method known to the person skilled in the art and suitable for this purpose, preferably filtration, centrifugation, or drying. The separation of the solid phase from the liquid phase results in the formation of a separated solid phase containing the target product—the colorant.

[0043] In an advantageous development of the invention, the method comprises the further step:

[0044] (dl) drying the mass obtained in step (c) and / or the solid phase obtained in step (d).

[0045] It is particularly advantageous if the separation in step (d), preferably carried out by filtration or centrifugation, is supported by drying (dl).

[0046] In a simple embodiment, the separated solid phase, for example, as a filter cake, can be passed through with an air stream, in particular at a pressure in the range up to and including 5 bar, preferably at a pressure of 2 bar, in the direction of the filter layer. Instead of compressed air, an inert gas can also be used. In step (d1) of drying, it is preferred that the product temperature reaches a maximum of approximately 70°C and is preferably in the range from approximately 55°C to approximately 68°C; it is particularly preferred that the product temperature does not exceed 65°C. "Product temperature" refers to the temperature of the material to be dried.

[0047] In an advantageous development of the invention, the method comprises the further step:

[0048] (e) comminution of the in particular dried target product, i.e. the solid phase, from step (d), to obtain a powder, wherein the particle size D90,3 is up to 100 μm, preferably from about 0.5 μm to about 50 μm, particularly preferably from about 1 μm to about 20 μm, most particularly preferably from about 15 μm.

[0049] The particle size can be measured as described above.

[0050] In a further development of the method described above, this can comprise a further step, namely step (f) introducing the mixture obtained in step (c) of swollen polysaccharide in aqueous solution and at least one dye, and / or the solid phase separated in step (d) and / or the solid phase dried in step (d1) and / or the dried solid phase comminuted in step (e) into a product, which is in particular selected from the group comprising wall paints, paints, coatings, foodstuffs, luxury goods, food supplements, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. In this way, a colored product can be produced.

[0051] Using the process according to the invention, other soluble substances, not just dyes, can also be converted into their insoluble form. Encapsulation according to the invention can, in particular, protect the enclosed substance against oxidation. Encapsulation also makes it possible to convert a liquid or paste into a solid dosage form and to stabilize it against other substances contained in the final formulation (food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical product). The substance can then be selected in its insoluble form depending on the intended use.Thus, a further subject matter of the invention is an insoluble product which contains at least one polysaccharide comprising at least one beta-1,4-mannan, which is preferably obtained from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut, and at least one soluble substance which is selected from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned.

[0052] Furthermore, the present invention also encompasses the use of at least one polysaccharide, which preferably comprises at least one beta-1,4-mannan and particularly preferably consists essentially of beta-1,4-mannans and was obtained in particular from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut, for producing an insoluble product which contains at least one substance which is soluble in water or in another solvent and which is selected in particular from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned. Preference is given to the use of at least one such polysaccharide, which was obtained in particular from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut, for producing an insoluble colorant which contains at least one soluble dye.

[0053] The invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying examples, without, however, referring to the specifically described

[0054] The invention also relates to all combinations of preferred embodiments, provided they are not mutually exclusive. The terms "about" or "approx." in conjunction with a numerical value mean that values ​​that are at least 10% higher or lower, or 5% higher or lower, and in any case 1% higher or lower, are included. Values ​​that are at least the standard deviation from at least three individual measurements of a quantity are included in the specification of numerical values ​​of a quantity.

[0055] They show:

[0056] Figure 1: a schematic representation of the colorant according to the invention,

[0057] Figures 2a, 2b and 2c: Flowchart of the method according to the invention (Figure 2a) and optional further developments (Figures 2b and 2c)

[0058] Figure 3: the colorants according to the invention prepared in Examples 1 to 13 and 15. The information "ym" on the labels corresponds to the particle size in [pm] of the colorant according to the invention

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a product according to the invention.

[0060] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the colorant 1 according to the invention. The colorant 1 comprises a pigment 10, which contains at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic, but water-insoluble polysaccharide 2, and at least one dye 3. For the sake of simplicity, only one dye compartment is provided with the reference number 3 in Figure 1. The polysaccharide 2 is in particular a polysaccharide containing at least one beta-1,4-mannan. A component consisting essentially of beta-1,4-mannans is preferably used as the polysaccharide 2. In particular, the polysaccharide 2 can be obtained from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut.

[0061] Figure 2a shows the process according to the invention in a flow diagram. In step (a), at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic, but water-insoluble polysaccharide 2 is provided, in particular in a powder. This is mixed with water or an aqueous salt solution 6. In step (b), the polysaccharide swells in an aqueous solution, forming a mixture 7. In step (c), the mixture 7 obtained from step (b) is brought into contact with at least one dye 3. A mass 8 is formed. In step (d), excess liquid 9 is separated from the mass 8 obtained in step (c) to obtain the solid phase 100. Depending on the application, the mass 8, the solid phase 100, or a further processed form of the solid phase 100 can be used as the colorant within the scope of the invention.

[0062] Within the scope of the invention, it is possible to further process the solid mass 100 to meet different requirements, for example, with regard to further processing, transport, and storage. Thus, the mass 100 can be dried in a step (d1) (see Figure 2b). The dried mass 110 can be comminuted in a step (e), resulting in a powder 111. In particular, the comminution in step (e) can be carried out by grinding.

[0063] Examples

[0064] The color of the resulting colorant is described using the CIELAB color space, where the color is expressed by an L* value, an a* value and a b* value.

[0065] The CIE LCh color space is the CIELab color space, where the cylindrical coordinates C* (relative color saturation, chroma) and h (hue angle) are specified instead of the Cartesian coordinates a* and b*. The color brightness L* remains unchanged. The simplified notations LCh, LCH and HLC (hue H; brightness L;

[0066] Saturation C) is common.

[0067] Example 1: Encapsulation of red radish anthocyanins in tagua nut polysaccharides (swelling in saline solution)

[0068] Dissolve 20 g of table salt in 100 ml of hot water. Add 50 g of YuraQ M (tagua nut polysaccharides) with a particle size of D. 90,3 of 15 pm (product of Döhler GmbH) are incorporated into this salt solution with gentle stirring and left to swell at 20°C for 1 hour while stirring. 50 g of an anthocyanin extract from red radish (H95113 Cos Red Radish), with an anthocyanin content of 4.0 wt.%, are added and stirred until a homogeneous, doughy mass is formed (approx. 1 hour). The mass is then filtered to remove excess liquid. The separated mass is then dried in a stream of air, the product temperature not exceeding 65°C. Finally, the dried product is re-comminuted to a particle size distribution with Dg0.3 = 15 pm. The yield is 98 wt.% based on the sum of the masses of YuraQ M and the anthocyanin extract. The color value of the powder is measured in a "Digieye" colorimeter (Verivide Limited, Leicester, UK) under diffused lighting and a color temperature of 5000 K and results in the following L*a*b and C, H values:

[0069] Example 2: Encapsulation of red radish anthocyanins in tagua nut polysaccharides (swelling in demineralized water) 50 g YuraQ M with a particle size D 90 ,3 = 15 pm (Döhler) are incorporated into demineralized water with gentle stirring and allowed to swell at 20°C for 2 hours while stirring. 50 g of an anthocyanin extract from red radish (H95113 Cos Red Radish), with an anthocyanin content of 4.0 wt.%, are added and stirred until a homogeneous, doughy mass is formed (approx. 1 hour). The mass is then filtered to remove excess liquid. The mass is then dried in a stream of air, whereby the product temperature does not exceed 65°C. Finally, the dried product is returned to D 90 ,3 = 100 pm. The yield is 98 wt.% in

[0070] Referring to the sum of the masses of YuraQ M and the anthocyanin extract. The color value of the powder is measured in a Digieye colorimeter (Verivide Limited, Leicester, UK) under diffused lighting and a color temperature of 5000 K and yields the following L*a*b* and C, H values:

[0071] Example 3-15: Encapsulation of various natural dyes in tagua nut polysaccharides (swelling in saline solution). Analogous to Example 1, further soluble dyes or color emulsions were encapsulated in tagua nut polysaccharides. Tagua nut polysaccharides "YuraQ" from Döhler GmbH with a particle size of D were used. 90 ,3 of 15 pm in all examples. To demonstrate the broad applicability of the obtained products, these products were ground or sieved after coloring to obtain two powders with two different D 90,3- particle sizes. In this way, two different shades were achieved: A powder with a particle size D 9J30 of 15 pm has a pastel shade, while a powder with a particle size D 90J3 of approximately equal to or less than 100 pm, a slightly more intense color is obtained (see Table 1 and Figure 2). A smaller pigment particle size generally increases the color lightness (L) and saturation (C). C (=chroma) stands for luminosity. The higher the C value, the higher the luminosity of the pigment.

[0072] The dyes listed below were tested. The corresponding number sequence in the table corresponds to the product number used by Döhler GmbH. If two Döhler article numbers are listed below, they refer to the same article, which is assigned a specific article number depending on its intended use. For example, one article number each may be assigned for the "Food" and "Cosmetic" categories, but for the same composition.

[0073] "Spirulina" This term refers to a

[0074] Composition of Döhler article number 215048: 55 wt% Spirulina platensis extract, 40 wt% trehalose and 5 wt% sodium citrate.

[0075] "Black diamond" This term refers to a composition of the Döhler article number 954431 or 920154 consisting of glycerin (E422), a color concentrate from spirulina, barley malt extract (barley malt, water), a color concentrate from beetroot, water, the acidifier citric acid (E330) and the antioxidant ascorbic acid (E300). It is a clear, black liquid with the following properties: 65.0 plus / minus 3°Brix measured refractometrically at 20°C, pH 41 plus / minus 0.9, density 1.273 plus / minus 0.005 determined gravimetrically at 20°C using a U-tube oscillator and an acidity (calculated as CAA, pH=8.1) of 0.25 plus / minus 0.25 g / 100g determined by titrimetry.

[0076] "Yellow Carrot" This term refers to a composition of the Döhler article number 995097 or 794530 consisting of 48.4 to 52.4 wt.% maltodextrin, 42.6 to 46.6 wt.% Daucus carota sativa root extract, 3 to 4 wt.% caprylic / capric acid glycerides and 1 to 2 wt.% citric acid, whereby the proportions of the substances mentioned add up to 100 wt.%.

[0077] "Orange Carrot" This term refers to a composition of the Döhler article number 995095 or 794531 consisting of 37 to 42 wt.% maltodextrin and 58 to 63 wt.% Daucus carota sativa root extract, whereby the proportions of the substances mentioned add up to 100 wt.%.

[0078] "Malt" This term abbreviates the term "Cos Malt

[0079] Extract Powder" and refers to malt extract (Hordeum vulgare) with the CAS number 8002-48-0.

[0080] "Madder Root" This term refers to the product "NIG Dyestuff 11 - MAD - COLOR" with the CAS number 84650-16-8.

[0081] "Cos Natural Red" This term is an abbreviation for "Cos Natural Beta Carotene Red (Blakeslea trispora) Liq.". This is a composition with the Döhler article number 995212 or 970810 consisting of 4 to 5.5% by weight of beta-carotene from Blakeslea trispora, 40 to 45% by weight of glycerin, 37 to 43% by weight of water, 8.5 to 11.5% by weight of gum arabic (Acacia Senegal gum), 0.7 to 1.1% by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.3 to 0.9% by weight of citric acid and 0.09 to 0.2% by weight of tocopherol, whereby the proportions of the substances mentioned add up to 100% by weight.

[0082] "Beet Root" This term refers to a composition with the Döhler article number 968741 or 881004 consisting of 48.5 to 53.5 wt% maltodextrin, 45.5 to 50.5 wt% beetroot red (E162), 0.3 to 0.5 wt% citric acid and 0.05 to 0.15 wt% ascorbic acid, whereby the proportions of the substances mentioned add up to 100 wt%.

[0083] Red Radish" This term refers to a composition with the Döhler article number 995113 consisting of 47.2 to 52.2 wt.% maltodextrin, 46.3 to 51.3 wt.% Raphanus sativus root extract and 1.3 to 1.7 wt.% citric acid, whereby the proportions of the substances mentioned add up to 100 wt.%.

[0084] Table 1 .

[0085]

[0086] Figure 3 shows photographs of the powdered samples of colorant 1 from the examples. The top row shows the samples with a particle size distribution of Dg0.3 = 100 micrometers, the bottom row shows those with D 90 ,3 = 15 micrometers.

[0087] On the far left are the samples from examples 5 (below) and 6 (above) with the dye "Black Diamond". The second samples from the left are the samples from example 12 (above) of the dye "Malt" with a particle size distribution with D 90 ,3 = 100 micrometers and below with the dye "Madder Root" with a particle size distribution with D 90 ,3 = 15 micrometers. To the right of the sample of the colorant with the dye "Madder Root" is a sample of the dye "Malt" with a particle size distribution with D 90,3 = 15 micrometers according to Example 9. In the experiments, the sample containing the dye "Madder Root" was not ground. In general, the same trend was found for all dyes tested: the larger a particle, the more intense the color.

[0088] In the middle of the figure, samples from examples 11 (top) and 10 (bottom) with the dye "Orange Carrot" are shown, to the left of samples from examples 8 (top) and 7 (bottom) with the dye "Yellow Carrot".

[0089] On the far right are the samples from examples 4 (below) and 3 (above) with the dye "Spirulina". The second samples from the right are samples of the dye "Red Radish" with a particle size distribution with D 90 ,3 = 100 micrometers and with D9O,3 = 15 micrometers. This sample corresponds to the result of Example 1, the sample with D 90,3 = 100 micrometers is used for optical comparison. To the left of the samples of the colorant with the dye "Red Radish" is a sample of the dye "Beetroot" with a particle size distribution of D 90 ,3 = 15 micrometers as shown in Example 15.

[0090] Figure 4 schematically illustrates a colored product 4. This could, for example, be a beverage. All other possible applications for a colored product are also conceivable, such as general paints, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, food, and so on. The product 4 is filled into a container 5 and contains the colorant 1 in the form of dispersed pigments 10 of the colorant. For the sake of simplicity, the pigments are all shown as the same size; it is understood that the pigments of the colorant have a particle size distribution, which can be determined as described above.

[0091] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but rather can be varied in many ways. In particular, the features of the individually illustrated examples can also be combined with one another or interchanged.

[0092] 1 colorant

[0093] 10 Pigment

[0094] 2 Polysaccharide; Polysaccharide containing at least one beta-1,4-mannan; Polysaccharide consisting essentially of beta-1,4-mannans; Polysaccharide obtained from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut

[0095] 3 Dye

[0096] 4 Product

[0097] 5 containers

[0098] 6 Water, aqueous saline solution

[0099] 7 Mixture obtained in step (b)

[0100] 8 Mass obtained in step (c)

[0101] 9 Liquid

[0102] 100 solid phase obtained in step (d)

[0103] 110 dried solid phase obtained in step (dl)

[0104] 111 crushed dried solid phase obtained in step (e); powder

Claims

Patent claims 1. Colorant (1) comprising at least one pigment (10) which - at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic but water-insoluble polysaccharide (2) , and - contains at least one dye (3).

2. Colorant (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one polysaccharide (2) contains at least one beta-1,4-mannan and preferably consists essentially of beta-1,4-mannans and was obtained in particular from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut.

3. Colorant (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one dye (3) is selected from the group comprising natural dyes and / or synthetic dyes soluble in water or other solvents, as well as mixtures of at least two such natural dyes and / or synthetic dyes.

4. Colorant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the colorant (1) is in the form of a powder (111), wherein the particle size D 90 ,3 in particular in the range up to about 120 pm, preferably up to 100 pm, particularly preferably from about 0.5 pm to about 50 pm, particularly preferably from about 1 gm to about 20 gm and most preferably about 15 gm, wherein the colorant (1) optionally contains one or more further components and / or excipients which are preferably selected from the group comprising vitamins, bioactive ingredients and active substances, pharmaceutical active substances and fillers as well as mixtures of at least two of the said components and / or excipients. An insoluble product (4) comprising at least one beta-1,4-mannan, which is preferably obtained from the endosperm of the tagua nut, and containing at least one soluble substance (3) selected from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements, and mixtures of at least two of the above-mentioned substances, in particular a colored product (4), preferably a wall paint, paint, or coating, food, luxury food, food supplement, cosmetic or pharmaceutical product, comprising a colorant (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Colorant (1) or insoluble product (4) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the colorant (1) or the insoluble product (4) is in a hydrophobized form, preferably by hydrophobization with at least one alkyl trialkoxy silane, in particular by hydrophobization with octyltriethoxysilane. A process for producing the colorant (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises at least one pigment, or an insoluble product (4) according to claim 5, wherein the process comprises the following steps: (a) providing a powder containing at least one water-swellable, hydrophilic but water-insoluble polysaccharide (2), (b) swelling the powder from step (a) in an aqueous solution, (c) bringing the mixture (7) obtained from step (b) into contact with at least one substance selected from the group comprising dyes (3), flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned, (d) separating the excess liquid (9) from the mass (8) obtained in step (c) to obtain the solid phase (100). A process according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one polysaccharide (2) in step (a) contains at least one beta-1,4-mannan and preferably consists essentially of beta-1,4-mannans and, in particular, was obtained from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut. Method according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the polysaccharide (2) is in the form of a powder having the particle size D 90,3 up to 200 pm, preferably from about 0.5 pm to about 50 pm, particularly preferably from about 1 pm to about 20 pm, most preferably from about 15 pm. Process according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the aqueous solution mentioned in step (b) can contain at least one salt which is suitable for food, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical products, wherein the salt is preferably selected from the group comprising alkali or alkaline earth chlorides, such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride as well as mixtures of at least two of these chlorides. Process according to one of claims 7 to 10 comprising a further step (dl) drying the mass (8) obtained in step (c) or the solid phase (110) obtained in step (d). Method according to one of claims 7 to 11 comprising a further step (e) comminution of the in particular dried target product, i.e. the solid phase (110), from step (d), to obtain a powder (111), wherein the particle size D 90 ,3 up to 200 pm, preferably from about 0.5 pm to about 50 pm, particularly preferably from about 1 pm to about 20 μm, most preferably about 15 μm. Method according to one of claims 7 to 12 comprising a further step (f) Introducing the mixture (8) obtained in step (c) of swollen polysaccharide in aqueous solution and at least one dye, and / or the solid phase (100) separated in step (d) and / or the solid phase (110) dried in step (d1) and / or the dried solid phase (111) comminuted in step (e) into a product (4) which is in particular selected from the group comprising wall paints, paints, coatings, foodstuffs, luxury foods, food supplements, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.Method according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the dye (3) is a natural dye and / or synthetic dye which is soluble in water or other solvents, or that in addition to or alternatively to the at least one dye in step (c) a substance which is soluble in water or in another solvent is introduced, which substance is selected in particular from the group comprising flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic. Active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned, and which is soluble in water or other solvents. Use of at least one polysaccharide (2), which preferably comprises at least one beta-1,4-mannan and particularly preferably consists essentially of beta-1,4-mannans and was obtained in particular from the endosperm of the fruit of the tagua nut, for producing an insoluble product (4) which contains at least one substance which is soluble in water or in another solvent and which is selected in particular from the group comprising dyes, flavors, pharmaceutical active ingredients, antioxidants, cosmetic active ingredients, food supplements and mixtures of at least two of the substances mentioned.

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