Structure with double framework made of concrete

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure comprising a wall (200) extending in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and having a thickness in a transverse direction (Y), the wall being formed by a row of first panels (100-1) and a row of second panels (100-2) arranged facing the first panels, the structure further comprising a row of first hollow posts (202-1) extending vertically and a row of second hollow posts (202-2) extending vertically, the row of the first hollow posts facing the row of the second hollow posts, each of the first panels and second panels being fastened to two successive first hollow posts and to two successive second hollow posts, respectively.

Description

Description Title: Double-frame concrete structure technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building or structural construction, particularly buildings intended for regions subject to extreme natural hazards. The invention also relates to the field of manufacturing processes for such buildings. Previous technique

[0002] The construction of buildings in areas subject to extreme natural hazards such as earthquakes, cyclones, or heat waves must comply with safety standards specific to the country to which the region belongs, and sometimes with additional area-specific standards. Generally, buildings must be resistant to wind and earth movements, and have sufficient insulation.

[0003] To construct such buildings, traditional construction methods, using cement brick or terracotta with concrete beams, are costly in terms of both time and money, especially in remote areas. Construction using prefabricated concrete panels offers the advantage of faster building height but requires significant resources, particularly lifting equipment. Furthermore, additional insulation is necessary for this type of construction.

[0004] We also know of interlocking brick construction using extruded insulation to build walls. However, the precarious anchoring of the structure to the ground is a major problem with this type of construction. We know The construction involves screwing fascia boards onto a slab, which will serve as a rail for fitting a double panel containing extruded insulation. The resulting structure does not meet cyclone resistance requirements, and it is not possible to reinforce it with bracing buttresses. Furthermore, the insulation within the structure needs improvement.

[0005] Another method known is the construction of walls by juxtaposing quick-setting cement panels to form a wall, onto which polystyrene sheets are glued. The polystyrene sheets are narrower than the quick-setting cement panels to create a space for pouring concrete. This solution does not address the differential pressure problem encountered in cyclone-prone areas. This solution is not applicable to timber frame construction. Since quick-setting cement cannot be cut, this method necessitates construction using multiples of the width of a single panel. This also implies that all accessories for windows, doors, lintels, and frames must be prefabricated. Furthermore, the pressure exerted by the concrete filling at the base of the panels is not contained and therefore requires substantial bracing for each panel and a gradual pouring of the concrete.Because the facing panels are bonded together by the poured concrete, the entire wall absorbs the stresses, and the same deformation will be observed on both sides. Furthermore, there is no insulation between the cement panels and the concrete columns, resulting in a significant thermal bridge. The insulation of the resulting structure needs improvement.

[0006] The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. Summary

[0007] To this end, the invention proposes a structure comprising a wall extending in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and having a thickness in a transverse direction, said wall being formed by a row of first panels and a row of second panels arranged opposite the first panels, the structure further comprising a row of first hollow posts extending vertically and a row of second hollow posts extending vertically, the row of first hollow posts being opposite the row of second hollow posts, each of the first panels, respectively of the second panels, being fixed to two successive first hollow posts, respectively to two successive second hollow posts, and in which each of the first and second panels comprises a first layer,and wherein said first hollow posts and second hollow posts are arranged between the first layer of first panels and the first layer of second panels, and wherein the first hollow posts are spaced from the second hollow posts in the transverse direction by a distance at least equal to the width of the hollow posts.

[0008] Thus, a first framework is formed by the initial columns, and a second concrete framework is formed by the subsequent columns. This double framework improves the structure's resistance, particularly to earthquakes and cyclones to which the structure may be exposed, especially when concrete is poured into these columns.

[0009] For example, the first frame with the first panels forms an exterior face of the structure, and the second frame with the second panels form an inner face of the structure which defines the internal space of the structure.

[0010] The first layer can be a wood layer, in particular a sheet of thin, long, oriented strand board (OSB). The first layer can also be a layer of fiber cement, fiberglass, carbon fiber, cardboard, or polymers, such as plastic. Alternatively, the first layer can be a layer of lightweight fiber cement sheets.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first and second hollow columns can be staggered horizontally. For example, each first hollow column can be positioned approximately at the perpendicular bisector of the segment between two of the second hollow columns opposite the first column. This arrangement of the second and first hollow columns provides tripod-like transverse stability and improves the structural integrity.

[0012] Hollow posts can be tubes made of plastic, particularly polyvinyl chloride.

[0013] According to one embodiment, each of the first panels and second panels may include a first insulating element carried by the first layer.

[0014] The first insulating element can have dimensions equal to those of the first layer.

[0015] The first insulating element can be a layer of a primary insulating material, for example a polymer, particularly extruded polystyrene. This first insulating element can be between 10 mm and 30 mm thick. mm, in particular about 20 mm. The first insulating element can be fixed to the first layer by any suitable fixing means, for example by screwing or gluing.

[0016] In one embodiment, each of the first and second panels may include at least one second insulating element supported by the first insulating element. The second insulating element may comprise an insulating material having a lower density than the insulating material of the first insulating element.

[0017] Advantageously, said at least one second insulating element may have a dimension along the horizontal direction equal to or slightly greater than the distance between two hollow posts.

[0018] Said at least one second insulating element may have a dimension along the horizontal direction equal to or less than the distance between two hollow posts.

[0019] The second insulating element can be a layer of a second insulating material with a lower density than the first insulating material. The second insulating material can be a polymer, particularly expanded polystyrene. The second insulating element can be narrower than the first layer but longer than it, specifically by 5 cm to 15 cm. This allows for a gap at the baseboard or foot of the wall to accommodate wiring or pipes. The second insulating element can be between 50 mm and 150 mm thick, typically around 100 mm. The width of the second insulating element can be between 30 cm and 70 cm, typically 50 cm. The second insulating element can be attached to the first insulating element using any suitable fastening method, such as screws or adhesive. The second insulating element may have a thickness or dimension along the transverse direction substantially equal to the dimension along the transverse direction of the hollow posts.

[0020] The width of the first and / or second panels can be between 40 cm and 80 cm, in particular 60 cm, and the length of the first and / or second panels can be between 200 cm and 310 cm, in particular 240 cm. The first and second panels can have identical dimensions and thus form unit modules for modular construction.

[0021] The wall structure may also include first and second bonding panels arranged beneath several successive first and second panels, respectively. The bonding panels may extend horizontally over the first / second panels.

[0022] Each bond beam panel can comprise the first layer, the first insulating element, and a plurality of secondary insulating elements supported by the first insulating element. Each of the secondary insulating elements can be formed from the second insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene.

[0023] Each bond beam panel may successively comprise the first layer, the first insulating element, and a plurality of secondary insulating elements. The horizontal distance between two insulating elements may be equal to or slightly greater than the horizontal width of one of said hollow columns.

[0024] The first and second panels and the chaining panels can be assembled to the hollow posts by any suitable means such as screwing.

[0025] Hollow posts can be made of concrete. Concrete is defined as any type of binder; for example, concrete can consist of a mixture of aggregates and a binder. The aggregates can include a mixture of sand and / or gravel and / or crushed stone, etc. The binder can be cement, clay, resin, or bitumen.

[0026] The first hollow posts or the second hollow posts may include reinforcing wires passing through said hollow posts.

[0027] In particular, the second hollow columns forming part of the inner face of the structure may contain reinforcing wires embedded in concrete, whereas the first hollow columns forming part of the outer face may consist solely of concrete, especially fiber-reinforced concrete. Thus, the outer face of the walls is ductile and can deform when the structure is subjected to significant external forces due to a cyclone or earthquake, while the inner face of the walls is rigid and does not deform because the outer face absorbs these forces.

[0028] Each hollow post can be mounted on a base fixed to a slab designed to receive said structure.

[0029] In one embodiment, one of the panels may have a first edge cooperating with a second edge of a panel adjacent to said panel. In particular, the first edge may be a male rebate and the second edge a complementary female rebate.

[0030] In one embodiment, one or more additional insulating elements, such as expanded polystyrene, can be arranged between the first and second panels. Furthermore, a gap can be provided between these additional insulating elements and the first panels. and / or second panels so as to form a non-convective inert air chamber to improve insulation.

[0031] The structure may include at least one hollow reinforcing column extending at an angle from one of the first hollow columns, arranged at the end of the wall, to another first hollow column adjacent to said end column. Concrete, reinforced or not with steel wires, can then be poured into said reinforcing column.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first panels forming the external face of the structure may include fastening means suitable for supporting cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. These fastening means may be arranged between the first panels and screwed to the first hollow posts and embedded in the concrete, allowing for better cladding attachment.

[0033] According to another embodiment, the first panels forming the external face of the structure may include a bonding membrane, covering said first panels, and suitable for receiving cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. This bonding membrane may be made of fiberglass and glued to said first panels.

[0034] The structure can be intended for various uses, such as: for agricultural use and can be any type of storage, barns or garages, for residential use and can be any type of single-storey and / or multi-storey detached houses, or apartment buildings, for commercial use and can be any type of shops or offices, for industrial use and can be any type of factories or workshops, or for administrative use and can be any type of police stations, town halls, prefectures, multipurpose halls, performance halls, schools or hospitals.

[0035] In one embodiment, the assembly of a first panel and a second panel can form a section of wall. The structure may include at least one positioning bracket for said section of wall having the same dimensions as those of a lower end of said section of wall. Each positioning bracket can be fixed to the slab intended to receive said structure. Each positioning bracket may include a recess for receiving one end of a first or second post.

[0036] Each positioning bracket can be a polymer plate, for example, made of extruded polystyrene. Each positioning bracket can be approximately 30 mm thick. These brackets allow for the alignment of wall sections, thus facilitating wall assembly. Furthermore, the positioning brackets improve the airtightness of the slab and eliminate thermal bridging between the slab and the wall.

[0037] The assembly of said wall section may include the first panel and the second panel sandwiching a common insulation layer. This common insulation layer may include one or more recesses, each designed to receive a first or second post. The common insulation layer may also include a half-recess recess such that, when two common insulation layers are placed side by side, these half-recess recesses can form a complete recess for receiving a first or second post. For example, each common insulation layer may include one recess for receiving a first post, located on the exterior side of the wall or the exterior face of the structure, and two half-recess recesses, located on the interior side of the wall or the interior face of the structure. For example, the first and second panels may be glued to the common insulation layer.

[0038] Each common insulator may include at least one recess forming a housing intended for the passage of electrical cables or piping of said structure.

[0039] In one embodiment, each positioning shoe may include at least one notch for receiving a connector configured to link two positioning shoes together. This connector may be bone-shaped. The connector may be made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and may have a thickness of approximately 30 mm.

[0040] Each positioning bracket can be glued to the slab, particularly a concrete slab, intended to support the structure. Specifically, the positioning brackets can be glued to the slab after all the positioning brackets forming the perimeter of the structure have been positioned.

[0041] The structure may include a cover designed to be positioned over a section of wall and having a shape similar to that of the corresponding positioning bracket for that section of wall. Each cover may be made of polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and may be approximately 20 mm thick. Each cover may have a cross-section similar to that of the positioning bracket. Furthermore, connectors may be provided to join the covers together.

[0042] The structure may include a corner formed at the intersection of a first wall and a second wall, perpendicular to each other. The first rows of posts for the first and second walls may include an end post positioned at the corner common to the first and second walls. The second row of posts for the first wall may include an end post at the corner, and the second row of posts for the second wall may include an end post at the corner. The wall may include a first end post at the corner. The first row of posts may be arranged on the outer face of the structure and the second row of posts may be arranged on the inner face of the structure.

[0043] According to another aspect of the invention, a first method of constructing a structure such as the one mentioned above is proposed, comprising the steps of: assembling each first panel and each second post so as to form a part of a wall, placing the assembly of each first panel and each second post on a slab intended to accommodate said structure, installing the row of first hollow posts and the row of second hollow posts in a staggered pattern by sliding said first and second posts into housings provided for this purpose between each first panel and each second post, pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

[0044] The first process may include, prior to the previous steps, the steps of: arranging the positioning shoes on the slab so as to form the perimeter of the structure, gluing the positioning shoes to said slab, pulling reinforcement wires from said slab through the post housings provided in the positioning shoes.

[0045] The first method may include the placement of the covers after the installation of the first row of hollow posts and the second row of posts. hollow posts, and in particular before pouring the concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

[0046] According to another aspect of the invention, a second method of constructing a structure such as the one mentioned above is proposed, comprising the steps of: arranging the first row of hollow posts so as to define a first framework of the structure, fixing each first panel to two successive first hollow posts, arranging the second row of hollow posts in a staggered pattern so as to define a second framework of the structure, fixing each second panel to two successive second hollow posts, installing through reinforcing wires in the first hollow posts or the second hollow posts, and pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts. Brief description of the drawings

[0047] Other features, details, and advantages will become apparent upon reading the detailed description below and analyzing the attached drawings, on which:

[0048] [Fig. 1] Figure 1 shows three examples of panels for constructing a structure according to the invention,

[0049] [Fig. 2] Figure 2 shows an enlargement at the junction of two adjacent panels,

[0050] [Fig. 3] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an example of a wall of a structure according to the invention,

[0051] [Fig. 4] Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional top view of part of the example wall in Figure 3,

[0052] [Fig. 5] Figure 5 shows a top view of the example wall from Figure 3,

[0053] [Fig. 6] Figure 6 shows a cutaway view of the example wall in Figure 3,

[0054] [Fig. 7] Figure 7 shows a perspective view of an example of a wall according to the invention without the cladding by the panels,

[0055] [Fig. 8] Figures 8a to 8e show side cross-sectional views of different types of possible insulation in a structure according to the invention,

[0056] [Fig. 9] Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the hollow posts of an example of a wall according to the invention,

[0057] [Fig. 10] Figure 10 shows a perspective view of a corner of the walls of a structure according to the invention,

[0058] [Fig. 11] Figure 11 shows a perspective view of an example of a wall with a window of a structure according to the invention,

[0059] [Fig. 12] Figure 12 shows an external face of an example of a wall according to the invention,

[0060] [Fig. 13] Figures 13a and 13b show different panel arrangements for creating examples of structures according to the invention at different heights,

[0061] [Fig. 14] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of an example of a wall of a structure according to the invention,

[0062] [Fig. 15] Figure 15 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure comprising a plurality of walls similar to the wall in Figure 3.

[0063] [FIG. 16] Figure 16 shows another example of an embodiment of a structure according to the invention.

[0064] [FIG. 17] Fig. 17 represents a portion of the wall of the structure in Figure 16. Detailed description

[0065] In the figures, the same references designate identical or analogous elements.

[0066] With reference to Figures 1 to 6, the structure according to the invention comprises at least one wall 200 having a first face formed by a plurality of first panels 100-1, extending along a vertical direction z and juxtaposed along a horizontal direction x and a plurality of second panels 100-2 extending along a vertical direction z and juxtaposed along the horizontal direction x. The first panels 100-1 and the second panels 100-2 are arranged opposite each other and at a distance according to the thickness of the wall 200, or along a transverse direction y.

[0067] Each of the first and second panels 100 comprises the following successive layers: a wood layer 102, a first insulating element 104, and a second insulating element 106. The wood layer 102 can be between 10 mm and 30 mm thick, particularly between 15 mm and 22 mm, and can be made of any type of engineered wood, and in particular a sheet of long, thin, oriented strand board (OSB). The first insulating element 104 is a layer of a first insulating material, for example, a polymer, particularly extruded polystyrene. The first insulating element 104 has the same width L2 and length L1 as the wood layer 102. The first insulating element 104 can have a thickness between 10 mm and 30 mm, in particular about 20 mm. The first insulating element 104 can be fixed to the wooden layer 102 by any suitable means of fastening, for example by screwing or gluing. The second insulating element 106 is a layer of a second insulating material having a lower density than the first insulating material. The second insulating material can be a polymer, in particular expanded polystyrene. The second insulating element 106 has a width L4 less than the width L2 of the wooden layer 102 and a length L5 greater than the length L2 of the wooden layer 102, in particular 5 cm to 15 cm. This allows a gap to be left at the baseboards, or the foot of the wall 200, for the passage of wiring or piping. The second insulating element 106 can have a thickness between 50 mm and 150 mm, in particular about 100 mm.The width L4 of the second insulating element 106 can be between 30 cm and 70 cm, in particular 50 cm. The second insulating element 106 can be fixed to the first insulating element 104 by any suitable fixing method, for example by screwing or gluing.

[0068] The width L2 of the 100 panels is between 40 cm and 80 cm, specifically 60 cm, and the length L1 of the 100 panels is between 200 cm and 310 cm, specifically 240 cm. The first and second panels have identical dimensions and thus form unit modules for modular construction.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the wood layer 102 of each of the first and second panels 100 can be replaced by a layer of fiber cement, glass fibers, carbon fibers, cardboard or polymers, for example plastic.

[0070] Wall 200 also includes first 120-1 tie beam panels and second 120-2 tie beam panels arranged below several The first panels 100-1, respectively second panels 100-2, are successive. The bond beam panels 120 extend horizontally over the panels 100.

[0071] Each 120 reinforcement panel comprises the same elements as the 100 panel. The difference is that each 120 reinforcement panel includes a plurality of secondary insulating elements 126 supported by the primary insulating element 104. Each of the secondary insulating elements 126 is formed by the secondary insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene. Each of the secondary insulating elements 126 has a width L4 and a length L3.

[0072] As can be seen in Figure 2, the lateral edges of two adjacent wood layers 102 are provided with coupling means. In particular, the left panel 102 includes a male rebate 108 configured to interlock with a female rebate 110 of the left panel 102. The male rebate 108 and female rebate 110 are arranged on the vertical lateral edges of the panels 102. In addition, the upper edge of the panel 100 and the lower edge of the bracing panel 120, designed to interlock with said upper edge of the panel 100, include coupling means, such as male rebates 112 at the upper edge of the panel 100 and female rebates at the lower edge of the bracing panel 120. This method of assembly simplifies the construction of the structure.

[0073] Wall 200 also includes first hollow columns 202-1 and second hollow columns 202-2 aligned horizontally. The first hollow columns 202-1 are distributed in a first row and the second hollow columns 202-1 are distributed in a second row, arranged opposite the first row of first hollow columns. The first hollow columns 202-1 and the second hollow columns 202-2 are supported by bases 212-1 and 212-2. which are fixed to a slab 216, visible in Figure 6, and designed to support the structure. The row of first hollow columns 202-1 is spaced, along the transverse y direction, from the row of second hollow columns 202-2 by at least the thickness of one hollow column. As can be seen more clearly in Figure 5, the first hollow columns 202-1 and the second hollow columns 202-2 are arranged in a staggered pattern. For example, each first hollow column 202-1 is positioned approximately at the perpendicular bisector of the segment between two second hollow columns 202-2 opposite said first hollow column 202-1. Said second hollow columns and said first hollow column, arranged in this way, provide tripod transverse stability and improve the structural support.

[0074] The first panels 202-1 and the first chain panel 120-1 are screwed to the first hollow posts 202-1 by screws 211. Similarly, the second panels 202-2 and the second chain panel 120-2 are screwed to the second hollow posts 202-2 by screws 211.

[0075] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, vertical reinforcing wires 213 are arranged in the first hollow columns 202-1. Additional reinforcing wires 214 are arranged above the panels 100 and are configured to reinforce a concrete slab 220 intended to form a one-story floor above the wall, for example. Furthermore, horizontal reinforcing wires 218 are embedded in the concrete forming the slab 216. The reinforcing wires may be steel wires.

[0076] Advantageously, concrete is also poured into the hollow columns 212-1 and 212-2. As can be seen in Figure 4, the screws 211 are embedded in the concrete. Furthermore, the hollow columns have walls 202-a, which are in the horizontal x direction and have a thickness greater than the walls 202-b of the hollow columns, perpendicular to the walls 202-a. Thus, the walls 202-b can deform under the pressure of the concrete according to the directions F1 and F2 and compress the second insulating elements 106, which improves the support of panels 100 and 120. The hollow posts 202-1, 202-2 are made of plastic, in particular polyvinyl chloride.

[0077] The panels allow the hollow posts to be held in position before the concrete is poured.

[0078] Figure 7 shows only the concrete structure obtained after pouring concrete into the hollow columns, without panels 100, 120, and 130. Thus, a first concrete frame is formed by the first hollow columns 202-1, and a second concrete frame is formed by the second hollow columns 202-2. For example, the first frame with the first panels 100-1 forms an exterior face of the structure, and the second frame with the second panels 100-2 forms an interior face, which defines the internal space of the structure. This double concrete frame improves the structure's resistance, particularly to earthquakes and cyclones to which it may be exposed.Indeed, the principle of the double staggered concrete frame allows the first external frame in unreinforced fiber-reinforced concrete, which is more ductile, to absorb the pressure stresses generated by a cyclone, while the second internal frame in reinforced fiber-reinforced concrete, which is more rigid because it is reinforced, receives almost no deformation.

[0079] Openings may be provided in the walls forming the structure, such as doors 224 or windows 231.

[0080] The width L2 of panels 100-1 and 100-2 is chosen so as to cover the hollow posts 202-1 and 202-2.

[0081] The length L3 of the second insulating elements 126 of the panels 120 is chosen so that the distance between two second insulating elements 126 corresponds to the width of the hollow posts 202-1, 202-2.

[0082] To improve wall insulation, one or more additional insulating elements can be arranged between the first panels 100-1 and the second panels 100-2. Figure 8 shows several possible insulation configurations. For example, in Figure 8a, no additional insulating elements are inserted between the panels, and insulation is provided solely by the insulating elements 104 and 106 of the panels 100. In Figure 8b, a layer 210 of an insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene, is arranged between the second insulating elements 106 of the panels 100-1 and 100-2. In Figure 8c, a gap is provided between the second insulating elements 106 of the panels 100-1 and 100-2. This gap is filled only at the base of the panels by a strip 212 of insulating material and at the top of the panels by a strip 208 of insulating material. In this case, insulation is provided by a non-convective inert air chamber.Following this principle, several non-convective inert air chambers can be compartmentalized between panels 100-1 and 100-2. To achieve this, strips 212 and 208 are alternated with one or more layers 210 of insulating material, forming two air chambers as shown in Figure 8d or three air chambers as shown in Figure 8e. The construction principle allows the insulation to be adapted to the climate by creating an unlimited number of non-convective inert air chambers between the two frames using the same number of hollow posts and panels. In other words, the cost of constructing the structure is virtually identical regardless of the thermal constraints of the region. For example, it is possible to insulate a wall exposed to cold more effectively than... other less exposed walls made from the same panels and hollow posts.

[0083] Furthermore, the length L1 of the first 100-1 panels is chosen so as to cover the floor slab 220.

[0084] The 100, 120 and 130 panels are made from easy-to-machine materials, which further simplifies the construction of the structure.

[0085] Figure 9 shows a wall 300 with an opening 231 intended for a window. The hollow columns 202-1 and 202-2 around the opening 231 have dimensions adapted to the sill of the intended window. In addition, horizontal hollow columns 221 are arranged to frame the window and form the upper and lower window supports. The horizontal hollow columns 221 include access ports 228 for the passage of reinforcing or tying wires and access ports 226 for pouring concrete into these horizontal hollow columns 221.

[0086] Figure 11 shows a partial view of the wall 300 with the panel cladding. The dimensions of the first and second panels 100 are adapted to the window sill. The wall 300 also includes frame panels 130 arranged to form the internal walls of the opening 231 that receives the window. In addition, a first frame panel 130-1 and a second frame panel 130-2 extending horizontally are arranged above the opening. To provide insulation below the opening, a layer of insulation 210 extending horizontally is arranged between the first and second frame panels 130-1 and 130-2. The frame panels 130 include the same elements as the panels 100 but lack the second insulating elements 106 or 126.

[0087] Figure 10 shows another partial view of wall 300 at its end, where it forms an angle with the adjacent wall. A hollow corner column 230 is positioned at the end of the alignment of the first columns 202-1. To improve the structure's resistance to deformation, particularly during storms or cyclones, wall 300 includes a reinforcing hollow column 232, or bracing column. The hollow reinforcing post 232 opens at the top of the end hollow post 230 and at the base of the hollow post 202-1 immediately adjacent to the end hollow post 230. Thus, concrete, reinforced or not with steel wires, can be poured into the hollow reinforcing post 232. Preferably, the second insulating element 106 of the panel 100-1 mounted at the end hollow post 230 includes a recess having the shape of the hollow reinforcing post 232.

[0088] Referring to Figure 12, the first panels 100-1 are equipped with fasteners 301 configured to support cladding or exterior facing elements of the structure. The fasteners 301 are arranged between the first panels 100-1 and are screwed to the first hollow columns 202-1. When concrete is poured into the hollow columns, the screws securing the fasteners 301 are embedded in the concrete, providing better cladding attachment.

[0089] Figure 13 shows different possible wall height configurations for the structure. Figure 13a represents a wall with a height h1 corresponding to the length L2 of panels 100-1 and 100-2. This height can be adjusted by adding bond beam panels 120-1 and 120-2, as shown in Figure 3. It is also possible to overlap the 120 bond beam panels with other bond beam panels having a width L2 corresponding to the desired additional height. Figure 13b shows a slab in Intermediate bond beam concrete 402 topped with a row of additional first panels 400-1 and second panels 400-2, similar to the first panels 100-1 and second panels 100-2, but with a different length. These additional 400-1 and 400-2 panels allow the wall to be raised to a height h2 greater than the height h1.

[0090] With reference to Figure 14, a variant of the wall is shown in which floor beams 422 are fixed to the second tie beam panels 120-2 by fixing screws 420, for example which can be cast into the tie beam slab 402.

[0091] Referring to Figure 15, the second hollow columns 202-2, forming the inner face of the structure, are equipped with reinforcing wires 213 embedded in concrete, while the first hollow columns 202-1, forming the outer face, consist only of fiber-reinforced concrete. Thus, the first panels 100-1 can deform, as shown in Figure 15, to absorb the forces exerted on the structure due to wind or an earthquake. Conversely, the second panels 100-2 are rigid and do not deform, ensuring a stable interior space. The reinforcing wires 214 are embedded in the floor slab 220. The slab 216 also contains reinforcing wires 215.

[0092] With reference to Figures 16 and 17, another example of structure 500 is shown. Structure 500 comprises several wall sections 516, each consisting of a first panel 100-1 and a second panel 100-2, and a common insulation 510 arranged between the first panel 100-1 and the second panel 100-2. The first panel 100-1 is specifically arranged on the external side of the wall or external face of structure 500, and the second panel 100-2 is specifically arranged on the internal side of the wall or internal face of structure 500. The first Panel 100-1 and the second panel 100-2 are advantageously bonded to either side of the common insulation 510. The common insulation 510 includes a first recess 512-1 suitable for receiving one of the first hollow posts 202-1 and two half-recess 512-2 recesses. The half-recess recesses form a complete recess for receiving one of the second hollow posts 202-2 when two successive common insulation panels are arranged side by side. The common insulation 510 includes several recesses 514 forming recesses for the passage of electrical cables or piping of said structure 500.

[0093] The structure 500 comprises several positioning brackets 502 mounted on the slab 216. Each positioning bracket 502 includes a polymer plate, for example, extruded polystyrene, approximately 30 mm thick. Each positioning bracket 502 includes a recess 503-2 for receiving one end of a second hollow post 202-2 and two half-recess impressions 503-1 which, when the positioning brackets are arranged side by side, form a recess for receiving one end of a first hollow post 202-1. The tie wires 213 are pulled through the recesses 503-2 and 503-1.

[0094] The 502 positioning brackets allow for the alignment of wall sections, thus facilitating wall assembly. Furthermore, the positioning brackets improve the airtightness at the slab level and eliminate thermal bridging between the slab and the wall.

[0095] Each positioning shoe 502 includes at least one notch 505 designed to receive a connector 504 configured to link two positioning shoes 502 together. The connector 504 has a bone-like shape. The connector 504 is made of a polymer, for example extruded polystyrene, and is approximately 30 mm thick.

[0096] In particular, the positioning brackets 502 are glued to the slab 216 after all the positioning brackets forming the perimeter of the structure have been positioned. After the wall sections 516 have been positioned, the first and second columns 202-1 and 202-2 are slid into their corresponding slots 512-1 and 512-2.

[0097] For example, a cover similar to the positioning shoe can be arranged over the wall sections.

[0098] 508 props are planned to hold the corner wall of the structure before the concrete is poured into the hollow columns.

Claims

Demands

1. Structure comprising a wall (200) extending in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and having a thickness in a transverse direction (Y), said wall being formed by a row of first panels (100-1) and a row of second panels (100-2) arranged opposite the first panels, the structure further comprising a row of first hollow columns (202-1) extending vertically and a row of second hollow columns (202-2) extending vertically, the row of first hollow columns being opposite the row of second hollow columns, each of the first panels, respectively of the second panels, being fixed to two successive first hollow columns, respectively to two successive second hollow columns, and in which each of the first panels (100-1) and of the second panels (100-2) comprises a first layer (102),and wherein said first hollow columns (202-1) and second hollow columns (202-2) are arranged between the first layer of the first panels and the first layer of the second panels, and wherein the first hollow columns are spaced from the second hollow columns in the transverse direction by a distance at least equal to the width of the hollow columns, wherein the hollow columns (202-1, 202-2) comprise concrete.

2. Structure according to the preceding claim, wherein said first layer (102) is a wood layer.

3. Structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first hollow posts (202-1) and the second hollow posts (202-2) are arranged in a staggered pattern along the horizontal direction (X).

4. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the first panels (100-1) and the second panels (100-2) comprises a first insulating element (104) carried by the first layer (102).

5. Structure according to the preceding claim, wherein the first insulating element (104) has dimensions equal to those of the first layer (102).

6. Structure according to the preceding claim, wherein each of the first panels (100-1) and of the second panels (1002) comprises at least one second insulating element (106,126) carried by the first insulating element (104), the second insulating element comprising an insulating material having a lower density than the density of an insulating material of the first insulating element.

7. Structure according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one second insulating element (106,126) has a dimension along the horizontal direction (X) equal to or slightly greater than the distance between two hollow posts (202-1,202-2).

8. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first hollow posts (202-1) or the second hollow posts (202-2) comprise reinforcing wires (213) passing through said hollow posts.

9. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the panels (100-1, 100-2) has a first edge (108, 110) cooperating with a second edge (108, 110) of a panel adjacent to said panel.

10. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the assembly of a first panel and a second panel forms a part of a wall, said structure comprising at least one positioning shoe for said part of the wall having the same dimensions as those of a lower end of said part of the wall, each positioning shoe being fixed to a slab (216) intended to receive said structure.

11. Structure one of the preceding claims, comprising a corner formed at the intersection of a first wall and a second wall, perpendicular to each other, the rows of first posts of the first wall and the second wall comprising an end post arranged at the common corner of the first wall and the second wall and the row of second posts of the first wall comprising a first end post at the corner and the row of second posts of the second wall comprising a first end post at the corner.

12. A method of constructing a structure according to any one of the preceding claims comprising the steps of: assembling each first panel (100-1) and each second post (100-2) so as to form a part of a wall, placing the assembly of each first panel (100-1) and each second post (100-2) on a slab intended to receive said structure, installing the row of first hollow posts (202-1) and the row of second hollow posts (202-2) in a staggered pattern by sliding said first and second posts into housings provided for this purpose between each first panel and each second post, pouring concrete into the first and second hollow posts.

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