Formwork infill block

Abstract

The subject matter of the present invention is that of infill blocks for flooring which make it possible to: use broken infill blocks, reduce the mass of the infill blocks, ensure routing of the electrical wiring and plumbing pipes without perforating the infill blocks, increase the productivity of the molding machine depending on height, and increase the ceiling height.

Description

[0001] Title: FORMWORK INTERFACE

[0002] Description

[0003] Technical field of the invention:

[0004] The invention relates to the general technical field of construction and more particularly that of interjoists used to form the formwork of the concrete slab of a beam floor.

[0005] Previous states Interjoists are elements placed between the beams, which rest on the latter without the intervention of an external device and which have an upper face, a lower face and two opposite end edges. The upper face is extended by two support edges which extend parallel to each other, and between the two end edges, each to form a support groove facing the lower face and suitable for fitting onto a fixed support, in particular onto a beam heel.

[0006] To build a floor, you must first place a certain number of horizontal and parallel beams at given intervals, and then put the blocks in place before pouring the concrete slab on the structure thus obtained.

[0007] These blocks thus fulfill a formwork function for the pouring of the slab and a thermal and sound insulation function, since they remain in place after the pouring of the slab.

[0008] The interjoists must have high specifications and performances, both mechanical and thermal, to be approved by approved bodies.

[0009] In particular, these blocks must have high mechanical strength to withstand significant loads during their installation. Furthermore, it is necessary that these blocks can be easily cut to allow their installation when the center distance or interval between two beams is reduced or when it is a question of installing a block between a beam and a support of a different nature. Patent application No. FR2486985 discloses a prefabricated block for the production of solid or longitudinal floor slabs comprising:

[0010] -A body provided with longitudinal canals, bordered by two lateral faces;

[0011] -Two transverse ribs comprising undersides for bearing on the beams, said ribs having a small longitudinal dimension compared to that of the interjoist and being separated from each other by a zone, lateral faces located set back from said ribs and having a longitudinal dimension much greater than that of the latter.

[0012] - A lateral flank inclined over part of its height, the zone(s) of the lateral faces separating said ribs also being inclined over part of its height.

[0013] - One underside of the ribs is higher than that of the underside of the joist body in order to allow the lower part of the latter to extend to the level of the beam heels.

[0014] It is also known from document No. FR2913993A1, an arc-shaped interjoist comprising a profiled plate based on a mineral matrix and having two lateral wings which start from a median region of a plate while being inclined towards a direction, called lower, up to free ends, the free ends having shoulders intended to rest on upper faces of flanges of neighboring beams, and intended to come to bear on the lateral faces of the flanges to obtain the given spacing between the beams said interjoist is characterized in that the external angle of inclination between the median region and each of the wings is between 35° and 75°. It is also known from the link https: / / www.machinesblocbeton.com / blog / blog- technique / les-surplombs an arch-shaped interjoist comprising: side walls, walls inclined relative to said side walls, vertical webs and an arch-shaped wall, however the arch-shaped wall is not tangential to the upper wall of the interjoist which does not make the interjoist usable in the event of breakage or rupture. as well as the spoiler is formed by a fillet between the side walls and the lower wall.

[0015] Although all of the interlocking blocks described above have certain characteristics that are desirable, there is a need for an interlocking block that will advantageously overcome their respective disadvantages. An object of this invention is to provide a construction interlocking block suitable for use in less lightweight concrete floors while ensuring the safety of people during traffic on the interlocking blocks and then during the pouring of the concrete. Thus, the present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art by the following effects: - Improving the resistance to fracture of the interlocking blocks with respect to a point load.

[0016] - Prevent workers from falling on construction sites

[0017] - Allow the use of broken blocks during transport or storage,

[0018] - Reduce the mass of the interjoists, which notably implies a reduction in production costs and difficulty and increases the speed of installation. - Ensure through-planks to ensure the routing of electrical conduits and plumbing pipes without perforating the interjoists.

[0019] - Increase the productivity of the molding machine according to the height. In fact, a board allows to go from 8 to 6 instead of 5 blocks of the state of the art. This is possible thanks to the fact that the stop which comes to rest on the beam is no longer 40 mm but 15 mm, thus the height of the blocks is reduced while maintaining their normal use. This gain in height allows to gain "molding" space in the board.

[0020] - Increase the ceiling height by at least 9cm when using a false ceiling. In the classic solution, the plasterer is obliged to leave a height h between 12 and 15 cm between the underside of the slab and the false ceiling in order to work and leave space for the electrician. Thanks to the space under the arch, there is no longer any need to leave so much space (3 to 5cm is enough).

[0021] - Reduce the impact of transport. This is due to the fact that a pallet can contain more blocks than a classic block, subsequently optimizing logistics costs (storage, transport)

[0022] Brief description of the invention

[0023] In order to achieve the aim of the invention cited above, the present invention proposes a formwork interjoist intended to be arranged between two parallel beams for the construction of a concrete floor. By arranging a series of beams at regular intervals and parallel to each other. These beams are usually in the shape of an inverted T, also called heel, and are made of prestressed or reinforced concrete. The space between the beams is filled by formwork interjoists arranged one after the other between two adjacent beams. Said interjoist, the subject of the present invention, is characterized in that it comprises:

[0024] - A first right vertical transverse wall (7) and a second left vertical transverse wall (7') which are spaced apart, parallel to each other and delimiting the interjoist in the longitudinal direction;

[0025] - A transverse core (5) in the form of an arch or vault and extending between the inner faces of the walls (7) and (7') and perpendicular to the lateral faces (19) and (20) and whose convex outer upper face or extrados (22) is tangent to the lower surface of the wall (2).

[0026] - Two longitudinal support spoilers (8) on the beam (10) constituted by the external surface of the impost of the arch (5) and the lower faces of the walls (7) and (7') and they are intended to each come to bear on one respective of the beams

[0027] (10).

[0028] - An upper wall (2) whose lower surface is tangent to the convex outer surface or the extrados (22) of the arch (5) and joined to the two side walls (7) and (7') by side walls (11) and (11') which have inclined surfaces which descend from the upper wall (2) towards the side walls (7) and (7').

[0029] - At most two alveoli (4) and (4') symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal median plane (23) having a generally triangular shape and formed jointly by the convex outer surface or the extrados (22) of the arch or vault (5) the inner surface of the wall (10) and the lower surface of the wall (2). - Two projections 9 having a generally round profile on the concave inner surface (21) of the base of the arch (5).

[0030] - A long tongue (6) of a rectangular shape positioned symmetrically with respect to the vertical median plane (23). In practice, this tongue is substantially flat and preferably extends over at least a quarter of the length of the interjoist. The technical effect provided by the long tongue (6) is that it allows the support surface between the two halves of the interjoist to be increased in the event of breakage, in fact the risk of breakage is more present in the center distance of the beams and by applying the theory of vaults the thrust N is transmitted from the first half of the interjoist to the 2 ième half of the interjoist up to the support of the interjoist (1) on the beam (10). The horizontal force N is then transmitted in Hp by the arch and the weight is transmitted to the support in Vp. (fig 10)

[0031] In case of crack or rupture of the interjoist the first half of the interjoist 1 is subjected to: an action N (the horizontal thrust), p (its weight) and R (the reaction at the surface S1 of the crack of the second half of the interjoist on the first half of the interjoist (normal and tangential). Therefore the increase of the surface S1 (the most fragile of the interjoist) implies the reduction of its constraints on the crack surfaces,

[0032] This solution allows the reuse of the interjoist in the event of breakage while presenting the same mechanical properties of the interjoist before cracking or breakage.

[0033] In the following description, when reference is made to absolute position qualifiers, such as the terms "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", etc., or relative position qualifiers, such as the terms "above", "below", "upper", "lower", etc., or to orientation qualifiers, such as the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc., reference is made to the orientation of the figures or to a block in a normal position of use.

[0034] The same elements have been designated by the same references in the various figures. For the sake of clarity, only the elements which are useful for understanding the embodiments described below have been shown and will be detailed. In particular, the method of producing the interjoist as well as the material used have not been claimed in order to have a broad scope of protection.

[0035] The above-mentioned and other features of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the following description and embodiments, said description being made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES:

[0037] The invention will be better understood, and other characteristics and advantages thereof will appear, with reference to the appended schematic drawings, representing, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, a preferred embodiment of the device to which it relates, in which:

[0038] - Figure 1: is a perspective view of the interjoist (1) according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] - Figure 2: is a sectional view of a joist shown in Fig. 1;

[0040] - Figure 3; Front view of the interjoist (1) according to a second embodiment of the present invention

[0041] - Figure 4: Sectional view of a floor comprising a multiplicity of T-shaped reinforced concrete beams (10), the interval between the webs of two neighboring beams being occupied by a spacer (1) resulting from the use of the spacer of the embodiment of Fig. 1 of the invention showing the manner in which the present invention can be used.

[0042] - Figure 5: is a perspective view of the interjoist (18) according to a 3rd preferred embodiment of the interjoist (1);

[0043] - Figure 6: Sectional view of a floor comprising a multiplicity of T-shaped reinforced concrete beams (10), the interval between the webs of two neighboring beams being occupied by a spacer (18) resulting from the use of the spacer of the embodiment of Fig. 5 of the invention showing the manner of routing the conduits and cables in the cells (15) of said spacer.

[0044] - Figure 7: is a sectional view showing how the height Hp under the ceiling can be increased by at least a height hp=9cm when using a false ceiling (14). In the classic solution, the plasterer is obliged to leave a height h between the underside of the slab and the false ceiling which corresponds to the height of the fixing element (15) in order to work and leave space for the electrician. Thanks to the space under the arch, there is no longer any need to leave so much space

[0045] - Figure 8: Top view showing the difference in machine productivity depending on the height. In fact, one board allows for 8 instead of 5 joists in the state of the art.

[0046] - Figure 9: view of different models / geometric shapes and corresponding mold tested to determine the model which presents the best mechanical properties, Figure 10: view which represents the static stability of the interjoist after a breakage or rupture which allows its use.

[0047] Embodiments of the invention

[0048] Some of the prior art interjoists presented above and which is considered the most known model in the market characterized in that it comprises three parallel block walls which are connected by notched webs parallel to the T-joists, creating cells inside the block. The notches in the web are used to place horizontal reinforcing bars inside the blocks and used to hold specially designed foam inserts. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] In a first embodiment of the present invention and referring to figures 1 and 2 of the invention, there is proposed an interjoist having two parallel lateral walls (7) and (7') connected by a web (5) perpendicular to the lateral planes (19) and (20), in which the connecting web is in the form of an arch or vault.

[0050] The contact surfaces between the interjoists (19) and (20) are perpendicular to the axis of the beams (10) and comprise through cells (4) and (4') symmetrical with respect to the vertical median plane (23) and having a generally triangular shape whose apexes are rounded and whose interior surfaces are constituted by: the convex exterior surface or the extrados (22) of the arch (5), the interior surfaces of the inclined wall

[0051] (11 / 11') and the lower surface of the upper wall (2). The risk of rupture is more present in the center distance of the beams and by applying the theory of vaults the thrust N is transmitted from the first half of the beam to the 2 ième half of the interjoist up to the support of the interjoist (1) on the beam (10). The horizontal force N is subsequently transmitted in Hp by the arch and the weight is transmitted to the support in

[0052] Vp.

[0053] In the event of a crack or breakage of the interjoist, the first half of the interjoist 1 is subjected to: an action N (the horizontal thrust), p (its weight) and R (the reaction at the surface S1 of the crack of the second half of the interjoist on the first half of the interjoist (normal and tangential). Therefore the increase in the surface S1 (the most fragile of the interjoist) implies the increase in the reaction R which makes the interjoist reusable in the event of breakage).

[0054] In order to improve the resistance to breaking of the blocks with respect to a point load and in order to allow the use of broken blocks during transport or storage, it is advantageous for the lower or concave surface (21) of the arch or arc (5) to comprise a long section (6), positioned symmetrically with respect to the median plane (23) of the block.

[0055] In a second embodiment of the interjoist and with reference to Figure 3, the interjoist (1) can contain at most two webs (3) of a rectangular shape, vertical and symmetrical with respect to the median plane (23) extradited perpendicularly from the lower surface of the wall (2) to the surface, the convex outer surface or the extrados (22) of the arch or the arc (5).

[0056] In a third embodiment of the invention, the interjoist (18) of the present invention can contain two transverse cells (15) symmetrical with respect to the median plane (23) provided with a first transverse wall (16) horizontal to the wall (2) and a second transverse wall (17) inclined with respect to the first wall (16) to constitute a housing for the water conduit (13) and the electrical cable sheath (12).

[0057] The thickness of the walls is thin compared to the width of the interjoist, the height He of the interjoist can be for example between 16 and 30 cm. The length of the interjoist can be for example between 70 and 120 cm. It can be chosen in particular taking into account the dimensions of the existing standardized pallets which are used for the transport of the interjoists.

[0058] In order to find the best geometric configuration ensuring the best mechanical properties, punching-bending tests were carried out on different shapes and materials.

[0059] The different concrete recipes used had as variables the mass of cement, the volume of water and the volume of superplasticizer in cases where the latter element was used. The concretes were composed of crushed sand 0-4mm with medium fine content (0- 0.1mm ≈ 12%), gravel 0-8mm diamond shape, cement and drinking water, the superplasticizer used is from the Linosulfonate family. The water / cement ratio varied from

[0060] 0.47 to 0.61.

[0061] Table 1

[0062] Table 2

[0063] Although the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit, scope, and teaching of the invention. For example, the material used to construct the joist may be anything suitable for its purpose, the size and shape of the walls may vary, etc. Accordingly, the invention disclosed herein is to be limited only as specified in the following claims.

Claims

Demands 1- Formwork infill (1), intended to be placed between two parallel beams (10) for the construction of a concrete floor, comprises: A first right vertical transverse wall (7) and a second left vertical transverse wall (7'), a transverse web (5) in the shape of an arch or vault which extends between the inner faces of the walls (7) and (7') and perpendicular to the lateral faces (19) and (20), Characterized in that it comprises: - Two transverse support brackets (8) formed by the surface of the impost of the web (5) and the lower faces of the walls (7) and (7') and they are intended to each bear on one of the respective beams (10). - An upper wall (2) and the lower surface is tangent to the convex outer surface or extrados (22) of the arch (5) and joined to the two lateral walls (7) and (7') by lateral walls (11) and (11') which have inclined surfaces which descend from the upper wall (2) towards the lateral walls (7) and (7'). - Two alveoli (4) and (4') symmetrical with respect to the median plane (23) having a generally triangular shape and formed jointly by the convex outer surface or extrados (22) of the arch or vault (5) the inner surface of the wall (10) and the lower surface of the wall (2). - Two projections 9 having a generally round profile on the concave inner surface (21) of the springer of the bow (5). - A long piece (6) of rectangular shape positioned on the lower face (2) and symmetrically with respect to the vertical median plane (23), it is substantially flat and extends over at least a quarter of the length of the joist. 2- Formwork spacer (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises two webs (3) of a triangular shape and symmetrical with respect to the median plane (23) extraded perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the wall (2) and adjacent to the convex outer surface or the extrados (22) of the arch (5). 3- Formwork infill (1) according to claim 2 characterized in that it includes symmetrical cross-cells (4) and (4') with respect to the vertical median plane (23) and having a generally triangular shape whose vertices are rounded and whose lower surfaces are constituted by the convex outer surface of the extrados (22) of the arch (5). 4- Formwork joist according to claim 3 characterized in that it comprises shoulders (8) constituting bearing surfaces on the beams (10). 5- Formwork joist (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two transverse cells (15) symmetrical with respect to the median plane (23) provided by a first transverse wall (16) horizontal to the wall (2) and a second transverse wall (17) inclined with respect to the first wall (16) to constitute a housing for the water pipe (13) and electrical cable conduit (12). 6- Formwork infill block (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the height He of the infill block is between 16 cm and 30 cm. 7- Infill block according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower surface is concave (21) of the arc (5), receives fixing elements (15) of the false ceiling (14).

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