Modular folding house

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure which can be folded out, for example for a space, house or living module, said structure comprising: a main body which has a floor element, a ceiling element, and side elements; at least one structure part; and a folding mechanism which has folding structures which are each pivotably connected to the main body and pivotably connected to the at least one structure part, and are each designed to perform a folding movement together with a relative movement of the at least one structure part with respect to the main body, the folding structures each having surface or frame elements which can be pivoted relative to one another, and the surface or frame elements being designed to pivot relative to one another during the folding movement.

Description

[0001] MODULAR FOLDING HOUSE

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a foldable structure, for example for a room, a house, or a residential module, and a method for unfolding such a structure.

[0004] STATE OF THE ART

[0005] A room, a house, or a residential module, generally serves to protect people or objects from the elements and thus provides a protected space, especially for living. A room, a house, or a residential module can, for example, be designed as a freestanding structure or as part of a complex.

[0006] A room, a house, or a residential module is conventionally assembled from individual parts or partially prefabricated or prefabricated components, largely by hand on site. This conventional construction method often features reinforced concrete, which is responsible for approximately 40% of global CO2 emissions. Due to the growing shortage of skilled workers, rising material prices, and the need for sustainable construction, there is a need for alternatives to conventional construction methods.

[0007] A modular wooden construction method represents a more sustainable development and involves pre-assembling individual room modules, which are then individually loaded in a decentralized manner and assembled on site with the aid of lifting equipment and trained specialists to form a coherent space. In comparison to conventional construction methods with already established processes, a modular wooden construction method is only profitable once serial production has been set up due to the increased planning effort. The individual wooden modules also incur comparatively high transport costs because they do not have standardized external dimensions, such as standardized container sizes, but are generally wider. In addition, the space required in the assembly hall for the individual modules is greater than for, for example, folding or foldable solutions.

[0008] Classic "tiny houses" or "tiny homes" also have the disadvantage of providing only a small living space, which is usually not comfortable for extended or permanent residence. Furthermore, classic "tiny houses" generally do not have a stacking function, so a comparatively large footprint is required to accommodate multiple living spaces.

[0009] US 10,352,415 B2 or US 8,733,029 B2 concern buildings made of serially manufactured foldable and / or mobile individual elements. A disadvantage, however, is the high CO2 footprint in the choice of materials due to the use of comparatively heavy steel scissor-lattice arms for lifting the facade elements out of a central body. In addition, the scissor-lattice arms only have the function of folding out or extending the building, whereas they are essentially useless when the building is fully unfolded. Furthermore, the scissor-lattice arms require increased maintenance and, if damaged, are often difficult to repair, for example by dismantling them.

[0010] US 11, 118, 344 B2 shows a foldable building structure. A disadvantage, however, is the use of concrete and steel plates, materials that have a high CO2 footprint and do not allow the facade to breathe naturally, making air conditioning and ventilation necessary, which involves complex technical work and reduces profitability. In addition, heavy-duty cranes and trained specialists are generally required to erect the building structure. Despite the foldable building structure, the excessive width prevents standardized transport, which further increases the costs associated with the building structure.

[0011] US 8,381,929 B2 and WO 2019 / 064036 A1 show foldable container structures. However, when used as rooms or living space, these offer only a comparatively small footprint. Furthermore, a lifting device, such as a crane, is often required for unfolding, which complicates assembly and increases the associated costs. Furthermore, the container structures do not offer any possibility for natural breathing or ventilation of the facade. Furthermore, these container structures usually do not follow a sustainable principle, for example due to the choice of materials.

[0012] In the case of the construction methods known in the state of the art, it is also difficult to construct sustainability over the entire life cycle of the property or the room, the house or the living module due to the lack of (environmental) standards.

[0013] Furthermore, many of the designs known in the state of the art seal the land during construction, thus causing the destruction of natural habitats and consequently directly intensifying flash floods during heavy rainfall.

[0014] PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention is based on the object of counteracting at least one of the disadvantages described above and of providing an efficient, flexible, cost-effective structure, for example for a room, a house, or a residential module, as well as a method for unfolding a structure. This object is addressed by the structure according to claim 1 and the method for unfolding a structure according to claim 11. Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

[0016] A structure according to the present disclosure is a foldable structure for, for example, a room, a house or living module, the structure comprising a main body having a floor element, ceiling element and side elements; at least one structure part; and a folding mechanism having folding structures which are each pivotably connected to the main body and pivotably to the at least one structure part, and are each designed to carry out a folding movement together with a relative movement of the at least one structure part with respect to the main body, the folding structures each having surface or frame elements which can be pivoted relative to one another, the surface or frame elements being designed to pivot relative to one another during the folding movement.

[0017] When unfolded, the structure provides, for example, a room, a house or a living module, preferably for one or more people to stay in. For example, the structure provides a living space. However, it is also conceivable that the space provided by the structure is used for other purposes. The use of the structure is not restricted, so that the space provided by the structure can also be used, for example, as an animal enclosure, etc. The structure described here can be scaled or dimensioned according to its area of ​​application or its requirements. Accordingly, it is also conceivable that a scaled-down version of the structure can also be used as a toy, for example for educational purposes.

[0018] The term " ( expandable ) foldable" for the present

[0019] The disclosure is intended to generally describe the transformability of the structure. In other words, the term "foldable" describes a structure designed such that certain parts of the structure are movable so that the structure's dimensions can be changed, in particular enlarged. "Foldable" should be understood in this case as a synonym for, for example, "enlargeable" or "foldable."

[0020] In this case, the main body with the floor, ceiling, and side elements already forms a particularly rigid corpus of the structure. The floor, ceiling, and side elements of the main body can simultaneously define at least part of a floor, ceiling, and / or side element or a floor, ceiling, and / or side structure of the structure. This means that the outer and inner surfaces of the floor, ceiling, and side elements of the main body can simultaneously define the outer and inner surfaces of the floor, ceiling, and side elements or structures of the structure or the provided space. For example, the respective outer surfaces of the main body can define the exterior facades of the structure.

[0021] In the present case, external surfaces are those surfaces that define an outer boundary of the structure or the provided space, whereas internal surfaces are those surfaces that define an inner boundary of the structure or the provided space.

[0022] In the present context, a structural part refers to a part of the structure, for example a wall, a front or a facade element, which can execute a relative movement with respect to the main body in order to optionally fold the structure in or out. The structural part can in particular be a surface or frame element. However, it is also conceivable for the structural part to have the shape of a (further) main body. In the present case, the term surface or frame element refers to an element that has a certain extent in a (geometric) plane (i.e. a plane is spanned by the surface or frame element) and, in comparison, has a significantly smaller extent perpendicular to the plane.A surface element can, for example, have two solid shells made of, for example, cross-laminated timber or mineral panels with an internal frame construction made of wood and an internal insulation material, which can be introduced as blown-in insulation made of cellulose or wood fiber or as vacuum insulation.

[0023] In this case, a frame element is additionally characterized by the fact that it forms a structural framework for other elements, such as panels, glass panes, etc., which can be connected to the frame element. A frame element can, for example, have a frame, optionally made of wood, which can be provided with either single-sided or double cross bracing to stiffen the frame at corners. A window element can be inserted into the frame. Accordingly, in this context, a surface element can also be, for example, a planked frame element, i.e., one provided with a panel or a glass pane.

[0024] The folding mechanism of the present structure can be compared to, or is based on, the folding mechanism of an accordion. This enables the floor space to be effectively multiplied to create sufficient space for a room, a house, or a living module. The folding mechanism of the present structure is therefore advantageous over conventional so-called "tiny houses" or "tiny homes," which generally do not offer sufficient space and therefore compromise the well-being of one or more people for long-term accommodation or accommodation over an extended period of time. The foldable structure of the present disclosure also dispenses with the comparatively heavy scissor gates or rods that are conventionally used to implement an unfolding movement, thereby achieving weight and cost savings.

[0025] The present structure, and in particular the folding mechanism and the folding structures, also follow an integrative approach. The folding mechanism and the folding structures not only enable a folding movement and thus an enlargement or reduction of the structure, but also function as a wall or window of the structure and as insulation when unfolded. In contrast to the scissor grilles known from the prior art, the folding structures therefore also have a function when unfolded.

[0026] In particular, the folding structures alone constitute the structure necessary for the folding movement or relative movement. In other words, the structure for the folding movement does not require any (supporting) structure beyond the folding structures. The folding structures are therefore essentially self-supporting.

[0027] The structure also creates the possibility of setting the (environmental) standards described in the state of the art, thus allowing entire structures as well as individual components to be reused or renewed. This means that by using sustainable or recyclable raw materials and / or by using a construction method that allows for economical separation and recycling of materials, the structure can set appropriate environmental standards.

[0028] In one embodiment of the foldable structure, adjacent surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure can be pivoted relative to one another about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis lies in the planes spanned by the adjacent surface or frame elements or offset parallel thereto. In particular, the intersection line of the planes spanned by adjacent surface or frame elements or offset parallel thereto (except in the case of parallel planes of adjacent surface or frame elements) forms the pivot axis of adjacent surface or frame elements.

[0029] The (geometric) planes defined by the surface or frame elements on spanned planes can each be positioned at any point along the thickness of the surface or frame elements (i.e. along the extension perpendicular to the spanned plane). The pivot axis of adjacent surface or frame elements therefore always lies in any combination of the plane defined by a surface or frame element on spanned plane or offset parallel thereto and the plane defined by an adjacent surface or frame element on spanned plane or offset parallel thereto. The pivot axis can therefore also lie outside of at least one or both of the planes defined by adjacent surface or frame elements on spanned planes. In any case, the pivot axis does not run perpendicularly or at an angle to one of the planes defined by the surface or frame elements on spanned plane or offset parallel thereto.

[0030] Surface or frame elements.

[0031] The above feature should not necessarily be interpreted in a restrictive manner to the effect that the pivot axis of adjacent surface or frame elements is fixed along the entire pivoting movement (i.e., defined by the same two planes of the adjacent surface or frame elements that are spanned or offset parallel thereto). Rather, the pivot axis during the pivoting movement can also be described by further (other) combinations of two planes of the surface or frame elements that are spanned or offset parallel thereto (e.g., when using multi-joint hinges).

[0032] The surface or frame elements of the folding structures (or also the surface or frame elements of at least one folding structure) can, in an unfolded state, form at least part of a floor element, a ceiling element and / or a side element or a floor structure, a ceiling structure or a side structure of the structure. In particular, outer and inner surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures (or at least one folding structure) in an unfolded state also form outer and inner surfaces of the floor, ceiling and side elements or structures of the structure or of the provided space. For example, outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures (or at least one folding structure) can define outer facades of the structure.

[0033] The folding structures therefore have an advantageous dual function. Firstly, the folding structures of the folding mechanism enable a relative movement of the body section with respect to the main body in order to fold out the body. Furthermore, when unfolded, the folding structures simultaneously form structural elements (i.e. a ceiling, a floor, or sides) of the body. This enables weight savings, as no separate or additional elements or components are required for the folding mechanism and for structural elements of the body. This also allows material savings to be achieved, thereby improving environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness.

[0034] The outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures (or at least one folding structure) can, in an unfolded state, adjoin outer surfaces of the main body essentially without offset or flush. In other words, outer surfaces of the floor, ceiling and side elements formed by the folding structures (or by at least one folding structure) in an unfolded state can adjoin outer surfaces of the floor, ceiling and side elements of the main body essentially without offset or flush. For example, an outer surface of the ceiling element formed by a folding structure adjoins an outer surface of the ceiling element of the main body essentially without offset or flush, and an outer surface of the floor element formed by a folding structure adjoins an outer surface of the floor element of the main body essentially without offset or flush.flush with an outer surface of the base element of the main body, and / or outer surfaces of the side elements formed by folding structures substantially without offset or flush with outer surfaces of the side elements of the main body.

[0035] “Flush” or “without offset” means that the outer surfaces of the folding structures, in an unfolded state, form a (planar) plane with the respective outer surfaces of the main body and, if applicable, further respective outer surfaces of the superstructure. In other words, there is no step from the transition from the main body to the folding mechanism or folding structure or superstructure part. “Substantially” means that minor unevenness which arise due to the pivotable connection of the folding structures to parts of the superstructure is negligible and is also referred to as “flush” in the present context.

[0036] In particular, the structure, when unfolded, has essentially flat outer surfaces of the ceiling, floor, and side structures, i.e., a flat ceiling surface, floor surface, and side surfaces, or an essentially flat outer facade. This should also include outer facades that have decorative or functional elements, such as windows, window sills, etc., and which cause the outer surfaces or the outer facade to deviate from a strictly flat plane.

[0037] Similarly, inner surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures can form planar planes with inner surfaces of the main body in an unfolded state. This means that inner surfaces or surface or frame elements of the folding structures can adjoin inner surfaces of the main body in an unfolded state essentially without offset.

[0038] This means that all side surfaces, ceiling surfaces, and floor areas inside the unfolded living module, as well as the exterior facade, are on flat planes, resulting in a flexibly usable floor plan inside the room without offset elements in the wall elements. By avoiding offset elements, a floor area can be used efficiently without losing space. Furthermore, this simplifies the provision of wall cladding or the insulation of wall panels. Flat exterior sides (exterior facades) of the living module also simplify later roof structures, verandas, or other extensions.

[0039] It is preferable to keep the gap at a transition from outer surfaces of the main body to outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures in an unfolded state as small as possible. This means that it is preferable that the surface or frame element of the respective folding structure connected to the main body abuts the corresponding element of the main body as directly as possible (i.e., in such a way as is technically possible from a manufacturing perspective) towards the outer surface in an unfolded state.

[0040] On the other hand, it may be preferable for a gap to exist at the transition from the inner surface of the main body to the inner surfaces of the surface or frame elements in an unfolded state. This means that it is preferable for the surface or frame element of the respective folding structure connected to the main body to not directly abut the corresponding element of the main body in an unfolded state towards an inner surface. The gap can be present at the transition from the main body to just one folding structure, or at transitions to further or all of the folding structures. A gap of this type can also be present at a transition from the inner surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures to the at least one structural part in an unfolded state.It is equally preferred that no such gap is present at the transition from the outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures to the body part in an unfolded state.

[0041] The resulting gap in the interior or at the transition between the interior surfaces when unfolded can advantageously serve as a functional element, such as a cable duct, air shaft, or building services element. Other such functional elements can be integrated into the structure and thus, if necessary, deliberately deviate from flat surfaces.

[0042] The gap can be concealed or covered by additional cover elements in order to create homogeneous and coherent interior surfaces.

[0043] The surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure (i.e. of one folding structure) may have substantially the same dimensions and the surface or frame elements of different folding structures may have at least one substantially identical dimension.

[0044] An exemplary structure can have two structural parts, each with two lateral folding structures, as well as an upper and lower folding structure, each with surface and frame elements that can be pivoted relative to one another. Thus, preferably 16 surface or frame elements can have the same dimensions, which reduces complexity and allows the pre-elementation of the individual components of the surface and frame elements to be planned and implemented in a particularly efficient, economical and recyclable manner. The folding mechanism can have a first folding structure, wherein adjacent surface or frame elements of the first folding structure can be pivoted relative to one another about a first pivot axis, and a second folding structure, wherein adjacent surface or frame elements of the second folding structure can be pivoted relative to one another about a second pivot axis.

[0045] When the folding structures, which are pivotally connected to the main body and at least one superstructure part, are unfolded, weight forces arise which are absorbed by the surface or frame elements of the lateral folding structures. The lateral folding structures are stable enough to absorb corresponding loads thanks to pivoting axes and cross-shaped stiffeners.

[0046] By completely shifting the loads onto the lateral folding structures, there is no longer any need for expensive lifting equipment or the deployment of an entire team for the otherwise necessary lifting or holding of individual wall, floor or ceiling elements. This means that the process can be carried out anywhere and, for example, with just two people without any significant (or only minimal) expenditure of force.

[0047] The first pivot axis and the second pivot axis may have the same or different orientations. The first pivot axis may have a substantially vertical orientation, and the second pivot axis may have a substantially horizontal orientation.

[0048] Surface or frame elements of the first folding structure can, in an unfolded state, form at least part of a side structure (or a facade) of the structure, and / or surface or frame elements of the second folding structure can, in an unfolded state, form at least part of a ceiling or floor structure of the structure. In a further preferred embodiment, the folding mechanism can further comprise a third folding structure, wherein adjacent surface or frame elements of the third folding structure can be pivoted relative to one another about a third pivot axis, and a fourth folding structure, wherein adjacent surface or frame elements of the fourth folding structure can be pivoted relative to one another about a fourth pivot axis. The third pivot axis preferably has substantially the same orientation as the first pivot axis.It is further preferred that the fourth pivot axis has substantially the same orientation as the second pivot axis .

[0049] The surface or frame elements of the third folding structure can, in an unfolded state, form at least part of a side structure (or a facade) of the structure, and / or the surface or frame elements of the fourth folding structure can, in an unfolded state, form at least part of a ceiling or floor structure of the structure.

[0050] The four folding structures mentioned above (first, second, third, fourth) are independent of each other and can therefore be present individually or in any combination with each other in the folding structure.

[0051] The folding structures can also be designed in such a way that the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure are pivoted by substantially 180° relative to one another during the folding movement.

[0052] It is further preferred that the structure further comprises locking elements designed to prevent pivoting of the surface or frame elements. The locking elements can be designed such that at least some of the locking elements surround the folding structures in such a way that a folding movement (or a relative movement of the surface or frame elements of a folding structure to one another) is prevented.

[0053] Generally speaking, the locking elements (or a web of the locking elements) can be applied to a side of the folding structures facing the interior space defined by the superstructure. For example, at least a portion of a locking element engages under a portion of a folding structure, which, when unfolded, forms part of a ceiling structure of the superstructure, in order to lock it.

[0054] The locking elements can be insertable elements, preferably surface elements, which are designed such that they can be inserted into the ceiling or floor structure of the body in an unfolded state.

[0055] The locking elements can therefore also be used to provide a completely enclosed space, house or residential module.

[0056] The locking elements are designed in multiple parts, particularly two parts. The weight of the divided elements can thus be reduced accordingly, allowing the elements to be inserted or mounted on the structure by one or two people.

[0057] The structure can be substantially box-shaped or container-shaped in a folded state and preferably have the dimensions of an ISO container, in particular an 8-foot ISO container, a 10-foot ISO container, a 20-foot ISO container, a 20-foot ISO container (high cube), a 40-foot ISO container, a 40-foot ISO container (high cube), a 45-foot ISO container, or a 45-foot ISO container (high cube).

[0058] If the superstructures are not dimensioned according to standardized ISO containers, ongoing costs arise for each shipment of individual modules, for example, due to additional vehicles required to secure the load for special, oversized cargo on highways. Superstructures with standardized ISO dimensions simplify logistics worldwide, allowing for standardized transport by road, rail, or water.

[0059] Corners of the superstructure, preferably corners of at least one superstructure component, can have container corner fittings. These can be made of conventional solid cast iron or of special bent sheet metal parts (i.e., folding elements made of a (metallic) flat material) with corresponding elongated holes.

[0060] Without corner fittings with corresponding undercuts to allow the insertion of lifting equipment, such as the standardised corner connectors on ISO containers, increased effort is required for loading and securing the modules for transport, as well as for setting them up and assembling them. The cargo carried in ISO containers is known worldwide, so handling standardised ISO corner connectors is possible worldwide without any problems using available lifting equipment. This makes loading onto a truck, train or ship a standard process and therefore cost-optimised. Furthermore, the fittings enable the installation of all kinds of add-on parts such as support pillars or the expansion with additional modules in all spatial directions (X, Y or Z direction).

[0061] The structure can thus be transported in a folded state on a truck (road vehicle), rail vehicle and / or watercraft.

[0062] A dimension of the structure in the direction of the relative movement of the at least one structure part with respect to the main body can be at least 1.5 times, at least 2 times, at least 2.5 times or at least 3 times the dimension of the structure in a folded state in an unfolded state.

[0063] Thus, on the basis of a basic structure, several unfolding lengths of the living space result, which can be adapted according to the requirements by dimensioning the folding structures (i.e. both size and dimensions as well as number of surface or frame elements) as well as the main body and at least one superstructure part.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the structure is also stackable. This means that several structures of the structure disclosed here can be stacked on top of one another (without preventing or impairing the expandability of the structure) to provide a single enlarged room, a house or living module, or a larger number of individual rooms, houses, or living modules. The stacked structures can also be dismantled and reused. Reused means that the dismantled structures can either be reassembled at another location or recycled at the end of their life cycle and fed back into the manufacturing process for structures according to the disclosure.

[0065] Several structures can also be arranged in an endless array and optionally connected to one another. Adjacent wall elements can be opened to allow passage.

[0066] The structure according to the present disclosure may also be suitable for folding, i.e., being foldable. Thus, the structure is also suitable for the temporary provision of rooms, houses, or residential modules.

[0067] The structure may further comprise a first structural part and a second structural part, each of which is connected to the main body via a separate folding mechanism. The folding mechanism of the first structural part and that of the second structural part are preferably the same and each corresponds to the folding mechanism as described above.

[0068] It is also possible to equip the structure with at least two or only one section with a folding mechanism and one section without a folding mechanism, allowing the configuration of different sized living modules. Following this logic, for example, with a container length of 20 feet, the variants have a base area of ​​the unfolded structure of 26m 2 and 41m 2 , and with a container length of 40 feet at least the variants with a base area of ​​the unfolded superstructure of 54m 2 and 84m 2 .

[0069] The structure may further be mounted on or to at least four columns or supports.

[0070] By shifting the structural support to at least four corner pillars / columns / supports, a massive reinforced concrete floor slab is eliminated, thus reducing CO2 emissions and improving environmental friendliness. Furthermore, anchoring in the ground is ensured with simple point, screw, or column foundations.

[0071] The following describes a wall structure which is advantageous for the foldable structure described above (in particular for the at least one structure part, for the surface or frame elements of the folding structures (or at least one folding structure), for the locking elements, and / or for the individual elements of the main body). The individual layers / elements described do not have to lie directly against one another or touch one another (unless described otherwise), but can also be spaced apart from one another. In addition, further layers / elements can be located between the layers / elements described below (unless described otherwise). The wall structure has a vacuum insulation layer. Towards the outside (seen from the vacuum insulation layer), the wall structure also has a facade element. Rear ventilation (preferably by outside air) can be provided between the vacuum insulation layer and the facade element.This means that the facade element is spaced apart from the vacuum insulation layer and (in particular essentially exclusively) (outside) air is present in the space between the vacuum insulation layer and the facade element or can flow into the space.

[0072] Towards the inside (seen from the vacuum insulation layer), the wall structure features a structural element, such as a cross-laminated timber. The cross-laminated timber can be applied to the vacuum insulation layer. On the side of the structural element facing away from the vacuum insulation layer, one or more layers of plaster can be applied (either directly onto the structural element or indirectly via additional layers).

[0073] With the wall structure described above, comparatively low wall thicknesses can be achieved in relation to the realized thermal transmittance coefficient ("U-value"). This makes it possible to comply with legal energy requirements for buildings, while at the same time the usable living space can be optimized thanks to the low wall thicknesses. However, the structure described here is not limited to the wall structure described above. This means that the structure can also be produced using conventional wall structures known in the state of the art.

[0074] A method of the present disclosure is a method for unfolding a structure, for example for a room, a house or living module, wherein the structure has a main body, at least one structure part, and a folding mechanism which has a folding structure which is pivotally connected to the main body and pivotally connected to the at least one structure part, and is designed to carry out a folding movement together with a relative movement of the at least one structure part with respect to the main body, wherein the folding structure has surface or frame elements which can be pivoted relative to one another, wherein the surface or frame elements are designed to pivot relative to one another during the folding movement, wherein the method comprises pivoting the surface or frame elements relative to one another by applying an external force to a pivotable connection between adjacent surface or frame elements,The external force is applied to the pivotable connection via a force transmission element, the force transmission element being configured to allow the introduction of an external force at a position between the pivotable connection and the side of the adjacent surface or frame elements opposite the pivotable connection. Preferably, the force transmission element allows the introduction of an external force on the side of the adjacent surface or frame elements opposite the pivotable connection.

[0075] In this context, an external force is understood as a force that is not applied by the structure itself, but rather by components independent of the structure. An external force can be applied, for example, via a manual tool or a motor, such as a cordless screwdriver, or optionally by an operator. The application of an external force by components independent of the structure should also include components that are only temporarily connected to the structure, for example, during the unfolding process.

[0076] However, the method described above is only one example for unfolding a superstructure. For example, the superstructure can also be unfolded by applying an external force to the superstructure part. The external force can thus be used to achieve the relative movement of the superstructure part with respect to the main body. For this purpose, the superstructure part can, for example, have one (preferably provided centrally on the lateral extension of the superstructure part (transverse to the direction of the relative movement)) or several force application points (such as eyelets).

[0077] The relative movement of the superstructure part with respect to the main body is guided by the folding mechanism. Preferably, the main body is stationary and the (at least one) superstructure part is moved away from the main body.

[0078] SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0079] Further features and advantages of a space according to the disclosure will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings show:

[0080] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a folded structure,

[0081] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a partially unfolded structure,

[0082] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a fully unfolded structure with openings in the floor and ceiling areas not yet closed,

[0083] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a fully unfolded structure with not yet closed openings in the floor and ceiling areas and the laying elements assigned to the openings,

[0084] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a fully unfolded room with locked floor and ceiling openings,

[0085] Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a part of a base element of the main body and a part of a surface element of a folding structure in a folded and unfolded state,

[0086] Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a lower portion of a folding structure in a partially unfolded state,

[0087] Fig. 8a is a plan view of a hinge in a folded state connected to a folding structure,

[0088] Fig. 8b is a plan view of a hinge in a partially unfolded state connected to a folding structure,

[0089] Fig. 8c is a plan view of a hinge in an unfolded state connected to a folding structure,

[0090] Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a partially unfolded structure with supports,

[0091] Fig. 10 is a perspective view of an unfolded structure positioned on columns, and

[0092] Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a column with lifting device.

[0093] DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0094] The same reference symbols appearing in different figures indicate identical, corresponding, or functionally similar elements.

[0095] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a disclosed foldable structure 10 for a room, a house or a living module in a folded state. The structure 10 has a main body 11 and two structure parts 12, 13 which are connected to the main body 11 by a separate, but identical, folding mechanism 20. The structure 10 has a height, a lateral extent and a longitudinal extent, wherein in the exemplary embodiment shown here a longitudinal extent of the structure 10 can be changed by a folding movement made possible by the folding mechanism 20 and a height and a lateral extent are predetermined by the main body 11.

[0096] The main body 11 shown in Figure 1 comprises a floor element 111, a ceiling element 112, and two opposite side elements 113, 114. The main body 11 has a height, a lateral extent, and a longitudinal extent, wherein the main body 11 defines the height and the lateral extent of the structure 10 in the present example.

[0097] The main body 11 forms a preferably rigid carcass and thus the basic framework for the attachment of the folding mechanism 20 and the attached structural components 12, 13. Furthermore, elements for the provided space, house, or living module, such as kitchen elements, can be accommodated in the main body 11. The main body 11 can also provide space for accommodating elements of the folding mechanism 20.

[0098] The floor element 111, ceiling element 112, and the side elements 113, 114 of the main body 11 simultaneously also form part of a floor element, a ceiling element, and side elements of the structure 10. This means that outer surfaces of the floor element 111, the ceiling element 112, and the side elements 113, 114 also form outer surfaces of the structure 10. At the same time, corresponding inner surfaces of the main body also form inner surfaces of the structure 10. The side elements 113, 114, as well as the ceiling element 112 and the floor element 111, are designed to be closed in Figure 1, but can also form an open

[0099] segment or be almost completely open.

[0100] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the structural components 12, 13 are frame structures provided with an open central segment for a window. However, the structural components 12, 13 can also be completely closed or almost completely open, so that they merely form a framework, for example, for full glazing. In addition, a door can be provided in addition to the opening for a window or sliding door.

[0101] As shown in Figure 1, the structural parts 12, 13 form facade elements of the structure 10. In further embodiments, however, it is also possible for the structural parts 12, 13 to form other elements, such as a wall or a front, or to take the form of another main body 11 (as described above).

[0102] In the structure 10 shown in Figure 1, the structural parts 12, 13 are arranged on opposite sides of the main body 11. However, the principle according to the invention can also be applied to other arrangements of the structural parts 12, 13 relative to one another.

[0103] The structure 10 according to the present disclosure is not limited to two structural parts 12, 13. This means that the structure 10 can in principle also have only one structural part 12, 13 or more than two structural parts 12, 13, for example three, four, or five structural parts 12, 13. Each structural part 12, 13 is connected to the main body 11 via a separate folding mechanism 20, wherein the folding mechanism 20 is, however, the same and is therefore described in detail below only with reference to the

[0104] Body part 12 is described. The folding mechanism 20 enables the body 10 to be folded down to a container format. This means that the body 10, in the folded state shown in Figure 1, has a box-shaped or container-shaped format so that it can be transported by common means of transport on the road, rail or water. For this purpose, the body 10 preferably has corner fittings in the corners of the body 10 or in the corners of the body parts 12, 13.

[0105] The free volume inside the folded structure 10 is, for example, at least 20m^ and provides enough space to transport add-on components. For example, all necessary furniture (for the disassembled state), bathroom elements, or electronic devices such as a stove, refrigerator, and / or dishwasher / washing machine can be accommodated in the free volume, and / or building services elements can be integrated and included. The locking elements 30 described below can also be accommodated in the free volume.

[0106] The folding mechanism 20 is pivotally connected to the main body 11 and pivotally connected to the respective structural part 12, 13 and, in this case, is configured to enable a folding movement or unfolding of the structure 10. In particular, the folding mechanism 20 enables a relative movement of the first structural part 12 or the second structural part 13 with respect to the main body 11.

[0107] The folding mechanism 20 will now be described in more detail with reference to Figure 2. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a partially unfolded body 10, possibly positioned on a tractor-trailer or on the ground, and partially unfolded by the folding mechanism 20 mounted on opposite sides of the main body 11. The folding mechanism 20 will be described in more detail below with reference to the first body part 12. However, as explained above, the following description of the folding mechanism 20 is also applicable to the folding mechanism 20 of the second body part 13, as well as to folding mechanisms of all other body parts.

[0108] The folding mechanism 20 can be symbolically compared to the folding mechanism of an accordion. As can be seen from Figure 2, the folding mechanism 20 has four folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24, each of which has two surface or frame elements 211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 that can be pivoted relative to one another. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the folding mechanism 20 has two lateral folding structures 21, 23, an upper folding structure 24, and a lower folding structure 22.

[0109] The two surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 can be pivotally connected to one another about a pivot axis, for example, via a cross hinge. The pivot axis lies in the planes defined by the adjacent surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 or offset parallel thereto. For example, the frame element 211 and the surface element 212 of the lateral folding structure 21 are pivotally connected to one another, and the pivot axis lies in the planes defined by the elements 211, 212. The same applies analogously to the folding structures 22, 23, 24.

[0110] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the pivot axis of the lateral folding structure 21 lies in the planes defined by the outer surfaces of the frame element 211 and the surface element 212. In other words, the pivot axis forms the intersection line of the planes defined by the outer surfaces of the elements 211, 212. However, the pivot axis can also lie in other planes defined by the frame element 211 or the surface element 212 along the thickness (i.e., the extent perpendicular to the plane defined by the frame element 211, 212). Furthermore, the pivot axis can also lie in at least one plane offset parallel to the plane defined by the elements 211, 212 and thus outside the planes defined by the elements 211, 212. The same applies to the folding structures 22, 23, 24.

[0111] The pivot axes of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 can have the same or different orientations. According to Figure 2, the lateral folding structures 21, 23 have identically aligned (vertical) pivot axes, whereas the pivot axes of the upper and lower folding structures 22, 24 have the same (horizontal) orientations, but different from the lateral folding structures 21, 23.

[0112] The surface or frame elements have a height or a lateral extent (extension along the pivot axis), a width (extension perpendicular to the pivot axis in the taut plane) and a thickness (perpendicular to the taut plane). The surface or frame elements belonging to a folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 preferably have essentially the same dimensions (i.e. height, thickness, width). Furthermore, the surface or frame elements 211, 212, 231, 232 of the lateral folding structures 21, 23 can also have essentially the same dimensions (i.e. height, thickness, width) or the surface or frame elements 221, 222, 241, 242 of the upper and lower folding structures 22, 24 can have the same dimensions (i.e. height, thickness, width).The surface or frame elements of the lateral folding structures 21, 23 can have at least one identical dimension compared to the surface or frame elements of the upper and lower folding structures 22, 24 (for example, the same width, but a different height or lateral extension). In a further embodiment, all surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 can also have the same dimensions.

[0113] The folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 can each have any desired combination of surface or frame elements, i.e. two surface elements 212, 221, 222, 231, 241, two frame elements 211, 232, 242 or a combination of surface or frame elements. Only for the lower folding structure 22 can it be preferred (but not absolutely necessary) for the folding structure to have two surface elements 221, 222. The upper folding structure 24 in the present example has a frame element 241, which is used as a skylight, for example. The selection can be individually adapted according to customer requirements, for example. Surface or frame elements, or in particular the element held by the frame element or the paneling, can also be subsequently replaced or modified.

[0114] While the attached figures show an embodiment of the folding mechanism 20 in which each folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 has two surface or frame elements, the presently disclosed folding mechanism 20 is not limited thereto. In principle, each folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 can also have more than two surface or frame elements, with adjacent surface or frame elements of a folding structure being pivotally connected to one another about a pivot axis. However, it is preferred that all folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 have the same number of surface or frame elements.

[0115] The presently disclosed folding mechanism 20 is also not limited to exactly four folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24, but can also be designed with fewer or more than four folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24. However, it is preferred that the folding mechanism 20 has at least two folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24. For example, the folding mechanism 20 can also have only two lateral folding structures 21, 22 and no upper or lower folding structure 22, 24. However, any further combination of lateral, upper, and lower folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 is also conceivable. Furthermore, the folding mechanism 20 can also have a plurality of lateral (on one side of the structure 10), upper, or lower folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24. The folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are each pivotally connected to the main body 11 and pivotally connected to the superstructure part 12.In particular, at least one surface or frame element of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 is pivotally connected to the main body 11 and at least one (other) surface or frame element of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 23 is pivotally connected to the body part 12.

[0116] The frame element 211 or the surface element 212 of the lateral folding structure 21 is pivotally connected, for example, to the side element 113 of the main body 11 or pivotally connected to one side of the superstructure part 12. The frame element 211 or the surface element 212 has essentially the same height as the side element 113 of the main body 11 or as the superstructure part 12. The same applies to the other lateral folding structure 23.

[0117] The frame element 242 or the surface element 241 of the upper folding structure 24 is, for example, pivotally connected to the ceiling element 112 of the main body 11 or pivotally connected to an upper side of the superstructure part 12. In particular, the frame element 242 or the surface element 241 is centrally connected to the ceiling element 112 of the main body 11 or centrally to the upper part of the superstructure part 12. In order to avoid colliding with the lateral folding structures 21, 23 during a folding movement, the folding structure 24 has a smaller lateral extent than the lateral extent of the ceiling element 112 or the superstructure part 12. This applies analogously to the lower folding structure 22 with the surface elements 221, 222 and the base element 111 of the main body 11.

[0118] The folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 or the surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are dimensioned such that an addition of the width of a surface or frame element of the lateral folding structures 21, 23 and the lateral extension of a surface or

[0119] frame element of the upper or lower folding structure 22, 24 essentially corresponds to the lateral extent of the main body 11.

[0120] The unfolding of the structure 10 occurs through relative movement between the main body 11 and the superstructure part 12, whereby the relative movement is realized or enabled by the folding mechanism 20. In an unfolding movement, the main body 11 and the superstructure part 12 move away from each other. This movement can be performed by either only the superstructure part 12, 13, only the main body 11, or both the superstructure part 12, 13 and the main body 11. The relative direction of movement of the main body 11 with respect to the superstructure part 12, 13 is essentially horizontal. However, the folding mechanism 20 can also be used for an unfolding movement in, for example, a vertical direction.

[0121] With reference to Figure 1, the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 abut one another in a folded state. This means that the planes spanned by the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 are almost or substantially parallel. The sides opposite the pivotable connection of adjacent surface or frame elements abut one another in this state. For example, the side of the surface element 212 connected to the superstructure part 12 abuts the side of the frame element 211 connected to the main body 11.

[0122] The folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are each designed to perform a folding movement together with a relative movement of the structural parts 12, 13 with respect to the main body 11. This means that all four folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are designed such that they move simultaneously with the relative movement of the structural part 12 with respect to the main body 11. In the state shown in Figure 2, the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are in a partially pivoted state. During a relative movement of the structural part 12, 13 with respect to the main body 11, i.e. during a folding movement, the surface or frame elements of the individual folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are designed to pivot relative to one another. This means that, for example, the surface or frame elements 211, 212 of the folding structure 21 pivot relative to each other during the folding movement.This also applies accordingly to the surface or frame elements of the other folding structures 22, 23, 24.

[0123] During the unfolding movement, the surface or frame elements of the individual folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 pivot out from an inner side of the structure 10 (as shown in Figure 2). This means that during the folding movement, the surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 unfold or pivot out of the space defined by the structure 10. During the unfolding movement, the sides opposite the pivotable connection of adjacent surface or frame elements move away from each other. For example, the side of the surface element 212 that is connected to the structure part 12 moves away from the side of the frame element 211 that is connected to the main body 11.

[0124] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a fully unfolded assembly 10 according to the disclosure. The lateral folding structures 21, 23 as well as the upper and lower folding structures 22, 24 are fully pivoted in this state. This means that the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 are fully unfolded in this state. In this state, the assembly part 12 and the main body 11 are at their maximum distance from each other.

[0125] From the state shown in Figure 1, i.e., from a (fully) folded state of the structure 10, to the state shown in Figure 3, i.e., to a (fully) unfolded state of the structure 10, the surface or frame elements of a folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 pivot through essentially 180° relative to one another. For example, the surface or frame elements 211, 212 of the folding structure 21 pivot through essentially 180° relative to one another from the state shown in Figure 1 to the state shown in Figure 3. The same applies to the folding structures 22, 23, 24.

[0126] Viewed from a different perspective, the surface or frame elements of a folding structure 21 pivot,

[0127] 22, 23, 24 from a (fully) folded state to a (fully) unfolded state by substantially 90° relative to the main body 11 or the superstructure part 12. For example, the frame element 211 pivots from the state shown in Figure 1 to the state shown in Figure 3 by substantially 90° to the main body 11 or the surface element 212 by substantially 90° to the superstructure part 12. The same applies to the folding structures 22,

[0128] 23, 24.

[0129] In the present example, the superstructure part 12 has been moved relative to the main body 11 by a distance corresponding to the combined width of the surface or frame elements of a folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24. If the width of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 is increased or decreased, or if the number of surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 is increased or decreased, the distance between the superstructure part 12 and the main body 11 can be increased or decreased.

[0130] In the fully unfolded state, the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 are arranged such that they essentially span a common plane. For example, the outer surfaces and / or the inner surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 each span a common plane. In other words, the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 form an essentially rectilinear

[0131] Connection of the body part 12 and the main body 11 .

[0132] In the fully unfolded state, the lateral folding structures 21, 23 form at least part of the side structure (or an outer facade) of the structure 10. The lower folding structure 22 forms at least part of the floor structure of the structure 10 and the upper folding structure 24 forms at least part of the ceiling structure of the structure 10. This means that outer surfaces of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 also form outer surfaces of the structure 10 and inner surfaces of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 also form inner surfaces of the structure 10 or the provided space.

[0133] The outer surfaces of the folding structures 21 , 22 , 23 , 24

[0134] (or the surface or frame elements) adjoin the respective outer surfaces of the main body 11 essentially without offset or flush in an unfolded state. This means that the outer surface of the lateral folding structure 21 adjoins the outer surface of the side element 113 of the main body 11 essentially without offset or flush. The outer surface of the other lateral folding structure 23 adjoins the outer surface of the side element 114 of the main body 11 essentially without offset or flush. The outer surface of the upper folding structure 21 adjoins the outer surface of the ceiling element 112 of the main body 11 essentially without offset or flush. The outer surface of the lower folding structure 22 adjoins the outer surface of the floor element 111 of the main body 11 essentially without offset or flush.In other words, outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the respective folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 essentially form a plane with the respective.

[0135] Elements (or their outer surfaces) of the main body 11 .

[0136] The structure 10 thus has, in an unfolded state, essentially flat outer surfaces of the ceiling, floor and side structure, i.e. a flat ceiling surface, floor surfaces and side surfaces, or an essentially flat outer facade.

[0137] Figure 6 is a sectional view of a portion of the base element 111 of the main body 11 and of a portion of the surface element 222 of the lower folding structure 22 in a folded state (left) and an unfolded state (right). For the sake of clarity, further elements of the structure 10 have been omitted.

[0138] The surface element 222 is pivotally connected to the base element 111 of the main body 11 about the pivot point 223 (through which the pivot axis of the lower folding structure 22 also runs). Figure 6 illustrates that in an unfolded state, for example, the outer and inner surfaces of the base element 111 of the main body 11 and those of the frame element 222 of the lower folding structure lie in one (geometric) plane.

[0139] In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, in the unfolded state, there is essentially no gap at the transition from the floor element 111 to the surface element 222 towards the outer surfaces of the floor element 111 and the surface element 222 (i.e., as far as is technically possible from a manufacturing perspective). However, towards the inner surfaces of the floor element 111 and the surface element 222, it may be preferred that in the unfolded state there is a gap 224 at the transition from the floor element 111 to the surface element 222. This gap 224 can, for example, serve as a cable duct or air shaft, or provide space for other building services elements.

[0140] The pivotally connected sides of the base element 111 and the surface element 222 can be L-shaped. The L-shaped ends of the base element 111 and the surface element 222 are pivotally connected to one another in such a way that the gap 224 is present on the outer surface of the structure 10 in a folded state, whereas the gap 224 is present on the inner surface in the unfolded state.

[0141] The above statements are also applicable to the surface or frame elements of the further folding structures 21, 23, 24 with the respective surfaces of the main body 11. The gaps 224 of various folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 can also be connected, for example, to form a continuous cable duct. A gap 224 can optionally also be present at the transition from the surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 to the structural part 12, 13. It is equally preferred that no such gap be present at the transition from the outer surfaces of the surface or frame elements of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 to the structural part 12, 13 in an unfolded state. The gap 224 can be covered by one or more cover elements to form a homogeneous and continuous or continuous inner surface.

[0142] In the state shown in Figure 3, the structure 10 has openings in the areas between the upper and lower outer edges of the lateral folding structures 21, 23 and the upper and lower folding structures 22, 24. In other words, in this state, the structure 10 has openings in the ceiling structure and in the floor structure, respectively.

[0143] Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a fully unfolded structure 10 according to the disclosure with locking elements 30 not yet inserted.

[0144] At least some of the locking elements 30 engage around or under a part of the folding structures 21, 23, 22, 24 to lock them and thus prevent the folding movement of the folding structures 21, 23, 22, 24. The locking elements 30 also serve to close the above-described openings in the ceiling and floor structure of the body 10. In the example shown here, the locking elements 30 are designed as two parts, but can also be one part or comprise more than two parts. The two parts of the locking elements 30 interact in such a way that one part locks the upper or lower folding structure 22, 24 and the other part locks the lateral folding structure 21, 23. Furthermore, the locking elements 30 apply a prestressing force to the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 in order to increase the rigidity of the structure 10.

[0145] The locking elements 30 have webs that can be applied to the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24. The webs are applied to a side of the folding mechanisms 21, 22, 23, 24 that faces the interior space defined by the structure 10.

[0146] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a fully unfolded structure 10 according to the disclosure with fully inserted locking elements 30 and thus locked folding structures 21, 23, 22, 24. Except for openings for glazing or doors, the structure 10 is completely closed in this state and can thus provide a protected space.

[0147] Several of the presently disclosed structures 10 can be positioned (i.e., stacked) both next to one another and one on top of the other. This does not impair the functionality of the folding mechanism 20. Furthermore, structures 10 stacked next to one another or one on top of the other can also be connected to one another to form an enlarged, connected space. Adjacent structures 10 can be connected to one another, for example, via the frame elements 211, 232, 242 or via the openings in the structural parts 12, 13.

[0148] Although the structure 10 shown in the figures has two folding mechanisms 20, it is also conceivable for the structure 10 to have a plurality of folding mechanisms 20 arranged one behind the other or connected in series. The structure 10 can, for example, also have a plurality of main bodies 11 with a plurality of structure parts 12, 13 and a plurality of folding mechanisms 20, so that a larger space, a larger house or a larger living module can be provided. In this case, it is also conceivable, for example, for two main bodies 11 to be connected to one another via a folding mechanism 20 according to the disclosure and for further main bodies 11 or structure parts 12, 13 to be able to be unfolded from the main bodies 11, for example.

[0149] The superstructure 10 can also be foldable. This means that the superstructure 10 is also suitable for being folded or disassembled and then unfolded again (in a new position). During a folding movement, the superstructure part 12 is again moved relative to the main body 11, with the superstructure part 12 and the main body approaching each other during the folding movement.

[0150] A method for unfolding a structure 10 is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 5 and Figures 6 and 7, the structure comprising a main body 11, at least one structure part 12, 13 and a folding mechanism 20 which has at least one of the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 described above.

[0151] Unfolding of a superstructure 10 (i.e., a relative movement of the superstructure part 12, 13 with respect to the main body 11) is initiated by pivoting the surface or frame elements of the folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24. Pivoting of the surface or frame elements is achieved by applying an external force to a pivotable connection of the surface or frame elements.

[0152] Figure 7 shows, by way of example, a pivotable connection of the surface or frame elements 211, 212 of the lateral folding structure 21 in the form of a hinge 213, to which the adjacent frame element 211 and surface element 212 of the (lateral) folding structure 21 are connected. According to Figure 7, the hinge is connected to an underside of the surface or frame elements 211, 212 of the folding structure 21.

[0153] In the present case, the external force is not applied directly to the hinge 213, but via the force transmission element 214 shown in Figure 7. The force transmission element 214 is designed to enable the introduction of an external force at a position remote from the hinge 213 (as shown in Figure 7). The position remote from the hinge 213 is preferably arranged along the width of the surface element 212. In other words, the position remote from the hinge 213 for the introduction of force lies between the hinge 213 and the side of the surface element 212 opposite the hinge 213. The force transmission element 214 can also be designed to be longer than shown in Figure 7. The hinge 213 can also be arranged such that the force transmission element 214 is arranged on the side of the frame element 211.

[0154] In particular, the force transmission element 214 can enable the external force to be applied on a side of the surface or frame elements opposite the pivotable connection of adjacent surface or frame elements. Referring to Figure 2, the force transmission element 214 can, for example, enable the external force to be applied from the side of the frame element 211 that is connected to the main body 11 or from the side of the surface element 212 that is connected to the body part 12.

[0155] The force transmission element 214 interacts with the hinge 213 or with the mechanics of the hinge 213 in such a way that when an external force, for example a torque, is applied to the force transmission element 214, the hinge 213 performs a pivoting movement which acts on the surface or

[0156] frame elements 211, 212.

[0157] The mechanism of the hinge is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 8a to 8c, each of which shows a plan view of the hinge 213, which is connected to the folding structure 21 or the frame element 211 and the surface element 212. Figure 8a shows the hinge 213 in a folded state, Figure 8b shows the hinge 213 in a partially unfolded state, and Figure 8c shows the hinge 213 in a (fully) unfolded state. The hinge 213 follows the principle of a cross hinge.

[0158] The hinge 213 has a first part 2131 which is connected to the surface element 212 and a second part

[0159] 2132 which is connected to the frame element 211. The first part 2131 and the second part 2132 each have an elongated hole and an element arranged therein. The first part 2131 or the corresponding element in the elongated hole is connected to the second part 2132 via a first arm 2133 so as to be rotatable about a point DP2. The first arm

[0160] 2133 also around the one arranged in the slot of the first part 2131

[0161] Rotate element .

[0162] The second part 2132 or the corresponding element is connected to the first part 2131 via a second arm 2134 so that it can rotate about a point DP1. The second arm 2134 can also rotate about the element arranged in the slot of the second part 2132. The two arms 2133, 2134 are also connected to one another so that they can rotate about a point DP3.

[0163] The force transmission element 214 is connected to the element in the oblong hole of the first part 2131. However, the principle is not limited to this, so that the force transmission element 214 could also be connected to the element in the oblong hole of the second part 2132. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, the force transmission element 214 is a screw. When the screw is turned by applying an external force, a movement of the element in the oblong hole of the first part 2131 can be achieved. The mechanics of the hinge 213 ensure that when the element moves in the oblong hole of the first part 2131, a pivoting movement of the first part 2131 and the second part 2132 relative to one another is achieved, which is transmitted to the surface or frame element 211, 212.

[0164] The force transmission element 214 is not limited to a screw, but can also be, for example, a threaded rod, etc. Other force transmission elements 214 are also conceivable, which are particularly suitable for transmitting torque. The present principle for unfolding the structure 10 is also not limited to the hinge 213 described above. Other hinges are also conceivable, which can perform a folding movement by applying an external force.

[0165] An external force can be applied to the force transmission element 214, for example, via a cordless screwdriver (as shown in Figure 7). However, it is also conceivable for the force to be applied via other hand tools, such as a hand crank, or by motors. In the exemplary embodiment explained here, the external force is preferably a torque that is applied to the force transmission element 214.

[0166] It is conceivable that the hinge 213 and / or the force transmission element 214 are only temporarily connected to the structure 10 or to adjacent surface or frame elements 211, 212. For example, it is conceivable that the hinge 213 and the force transmission element 214 are only connected to the structure 10 for the execution of the folding movement and are subsequently dismantled, i.e. after the folding movement has been carried out. The hinge 213 with the force transmission element 214 described above is not limited to the lateral folding structure 21. This means that such a hinge 213 with the force transmission element 214 can, for example, also be provided on the further lateral folding structure 23. Additionally or alternatively, the hinge 213 and the force transmission element 214 can also be provided on the upper folding structure 24 or the lower folding structure 22.Due to the mechanics of the folding mechanism 20, the external force applied to one folding structure is theoretically sufficient to move all folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24. However, it is preferred that the external force be applied to at least two folding structures, in particular to the lateral folding structures 21, 23.

[0167] In order to achieve a complete unfolding of the structure 10 or of the folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24, it may be necessary, in a further step, to transfer the folding structure 21, 22, 23, 24 with the aid of supports 243 from a partially unfolded state (as shown, for example, in Figure 2 or 9) to a fully unfolded state (as shown, for example, in Figure 3).

[0168] Such supports 243 are shown by way of example in Figure 9 with reference to the upper folding structure 24. The supports 243 can be varied in length by a mechanism. In the example shown in Figure 9, the supports 243 are placed between the upper folding structure 24 and the ground. However, the supports 243 can also be placed between the upper folding structure 24 and the lower folding structure 22. Furthermore, the supports can also be placed between the lateral folding structures 21, 23.

[0169] By extending the supports 243, a force is exerted on the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24, so that the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 can be transferred into a fully unfolded state. In a further step, locking elements 30 can be inserted into openings in the floor or ceiling structure of the superstructure 10 in order to lock the folding structures 21, 22, 23, 24 and prevent any folding movement.

[0170] The foldable superstructure 10 described above can, as shown in Figure 10, be placed on supports or columns 40. This means that the superstructure 10 can be positioned elevated from the ground. Furthermore, the columns 40 enable the superstructure 10 to be placed in a substantially horizontal state even on uneven terrain or on slopes. The columns 40 can be connected to corners of the superstructure 10, in particular to side edges of the superstructure parts 12, 13. The columns 40 can also be designed such that they can be connected to the container corner fittings of the superstructure 10.

[0171] The columns 40 can have a lifting device. The columns 40 with the lifting device already constitute an innovation with an inventive concept in themselves (i.e. independently of the structure 10 including its details), so that the columns 40 described below are also to be regarded as the subject matter of the application individually and independently of the structure 10, but can be combined with the structure 10 and any combination of individual features thereof, including those of the present claim 1. The columns 40 are described in more detail below with reference to Figures 10 and 11, wherein the individual features of the columns 40 explained below can be combined as desired.

[0172] The purpose of the column 40 with lifting device is to be able to lift the body 10 from the semi-trailer or the ground without a crane.

[0173] Lifting the superstructure 10 without a crane has the advantage that the lifting process is simple, fast, economical, and ecologically optimized, and can be carried out in locations inaccessible to conventional cranes. To lift the superstructure 10, columns 40 are connected to the corners of the superstructure parts 12, 13 using lifting devices. For this purpose, the superstructure 10 can have ISO container corner connectors or corner fittings or corresponding devices 43 for screwing or screwing or clamping at the upper and lower corners of the superstructure parts 12, 13.

[0174] Figure 11 shows an embodiment of a column 40 with a lifting device. For the sake of clarity, the structure 10 has been omitted. The columns 40 are essentially cylindrical along a longitudinal axis, but may also have other shapes. As described above, the column 40 is connected to the structure 10 via the devices 43.

[0175] These corner connectors or screwable or screw-on or clampable devices 43 have slot-shaped cutouts or undercuts on at least two end faces.

[0176] The column 40 may have support devices 44 that can be connected to the corner connectors or corner fittings or to screwable devices 43. The support devices 44 have a clamp-like structure, for example, made of bent sheet steel or another (metallic) sheet material.

[0177] The clamp-like structure can have lockable and slot-shaped mounting plates attached to the side facing the structure 10 or the corner connector or the screwable devices 43 (i.e. at an end remote from the column 40), which can be precisely inserted into the cutouts or undercuts of the container corner connectors or corner fittings or onto the screwable devices 43 and then locked. The aim is to create a positive or non-positive connection between the columns 40 and the structure 10 by connecting and locking the container corner connectors or corner fittings attached to the structure parts 12, 13 or on screwable devices 43 to the support devices 44 of the columns 40.

[0178] The support devices 44 can be moved or raised continuously along the longitudinal axis of the column 40. The support devices 44 have a self-locking or self-clamping mechanism, which allows the lifting and securing to be carried out continuously and without additional devices on the column 40.

[0179] Each of the support devices 44 has an upper ring element and a lower ring element (or a clamping ring) along the longitudinal axis of the column 40, which each surround the column 40. The upper ring element is connected to the lower ring element via an inclined element. The lower ring element is designed as a slotted ring element with two flanks. By pressing the flanks together, a force or frictional connection between the lower ring element and the column 40 can be increased. The connection of the lower ring element to the inclined element is designed such that the support device 44 or the inclined element can apply a force to the lower ring element to press the flanks together. In other words, the clamping ring at the lower end of the support devices 44 absorbs the forces of the supporting inclined element and transfers them to the column 40 by means of a force-fitting connection.

[0180] For the lifting operation, the steel cable 42 is connected to the support devices 44 with a shackle or similar connecting elements and can be dismantled after the lifting operation is completed, so that for aesthetic reasons, after the lifting operation is completed, essentially only the column 40 itself is visible, apart from the structure 10. The steel cable 42 is guided at the lower and upper ends of the column 40 by deflection pulleys 41. Following the principle of a pulley system, the applied force is halved by two deflection pulleys 41. Additional deflection pulleys 41 can also be provided to further reduce the force.

[0181] At the center of the column there is a ring bracket or a screwed fastening 46 .

[0182] The cable or steel cable 42 has at one end, preferably at the end which is arranged at the lower end of the column 40, a receptacle, eyelet or thimble pressing 421.

[0183] In order to carry out the lifting operation, the ring block or the screwed-on fastening 46 and the receptacle, eyelet, or thimble compression 421 of the rope 42 are connected to one another via an apparatus (for example a spur gear pulley block, hand chain block, chain pulley block, stick winch, hand rope winch, lever hoist, hand lever hoist, ratchet hoist).

[0184] The force-applying device shortens the distance between the ring bracket 46 and the end of the cable 42 with the receptacle, eyelet, or thimble compression 421 in order to pull the support device 44 and thus the structure 10 upwards. In doing so, the support device 44 executes a slight pivoting movement with respect to the longitudinal axis of the column 40, whereby a force of the inclined element on the flanks of the lower ring element is reduced and a force or frictional connection between the lower ring element and the column 40 is essentially eliminated.

[0185] Once the desired height has been reached and no further force is exerted on the cable 42, the support device 44 again performs a slight pivoting movement with respect to the longitudinal axis of the column 40. As a result, the inclined element increases the force on the flanks of the lower ring element, thereby increasing the force or frictional connection between the lower ring element and the column 40, and the support device 44 thus automatically locks itself to the column 40.

[0186] For a lowering or lowering process of the support device 44, the distance / route between the ring block 46 and the end of the cable 42 with the receptacle, eyelet, or thimble compression 421 is increased, and the support device 44 is lowered downwards. In doing so, just enough force is applied to the cable 42 to cancel the self-locking of the pivoting device 44 or the lower ring element, but nevertheless lowering of the support device 44 or the structure 10 is achieved. If necessary, an additional element can be introduced on the lower ring element or at the connection of the lower ring element to the inclined element for this process in order to prevent the support device 44 or the lower ring element from self-locking.

[0187] The above-described details of the described column 40 with lifting device should not be understood as limiting. Rather, a person skilled in the art can replace these details with equivalent elements, as long as the basic principle of the column 40 with lifting device is implemented.

[0188] LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0189] 10 Structure

[0190] 11 Main body

[0191] 12 , 13 body part

[0192] 111 Floor element

[0193] 112 ceiling element

[0194] 113 , 114 page element

[0195] 20 Folding mechanism

[0196] 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 Folding structure

[0197] 211 , 232 , 242 frame elements

[0198] 212 , 221 , 222 , 231 , 241 Surface elements 223 Pivot point

[0199] 224 gap

[0200] 213 Hinge

[0201] 2131 first part

[0202] 2132 second part

[0203] 2133 first arm

[0204] 2134 second arm

[0205] 214 Power transmission element

[0206] 243 supports

[0207] 30 installation elements

[0208] 40 Column with lifting device, apparatus

[0209] 41 pulleys, roller

[0210] 42 steel cable, rope

[0211] 43 Container ISO corner connector, fitting, on screwable

[0212] Devices

[0213] 44 Support device, connecting element

[0214] 45 Column, support, stilt

[0215] 46 Ring bracket, screwed fastening

[0216] 401 wreath, protective device,

[0217] Impact protection

[0218] 421 steel cable, take-up, eyelet, thimble pressing, loop pressing

[0219] DPI DP2 , DP3 pivot point

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A foldable structure (10), for example for a room, a house or a residential module, the structure (10) comprising: a main body (11) having a floor element (111), a ceiling element (112) and side elements (113, 114); at least one structure part (12, 13); a folding mechanism (20) having folding structures (21, 22, 23, 24) which are each pivotably connected to the main body (11) and pivotably connected to the at least one structural part (12, 13), and are each designed to carry out a folding movement together with a relative movement of the at least one structural part (12, 13) with respect to the main body (11), wherein the folding structures (21, 22, 23, 24) each have surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) which can be pivoted relative to one another, wherein the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) are designed to pivot relative to one another during the folding movement.

2. Structure (10) according to claim 1, wherein adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) of the respective folding structure (21, 22, 23, 24) are pivotable relative to one another about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis lies in the planes defined by the adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) on tensioned planes or planes offset parallel thereto.

3. Structure (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) of at least one folding structure (21, 22, 23, 24) in an unfolded state at least form part of a floor structure, a ceiling structure and / or a side structure of the structure (10).

4. Structure (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the folding mechanism (20) has a first folding structure (21, 23), wherein adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 231, 232) of the first folding structure (21, 23) are pivotable relative to one another about a first pivot axis, and wherein the folding mechanism (20) has a second folding structure (22, 24), wherein adjacent surface or frame elements (221, 222, 241, 242) of the second folding structure (22, 24) are pivotable relative to one another about a second pivot axis, wherein the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis preferably have different orientations.

5. Structure (10) according to claim 4, wherein the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 231, 232) of the first folding structure (21, 23) in an unfolded state form at least part of a side structure of the structure (10), and / or wherein the surface or frame elements (221, 222, 241, 242) of the second folding structure (22, 24) in an unfolded state form at least part of a ceiling or floor structure of the structure (10).

6. Structure (10) according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the folding mechanism (20) has a third folding structure (21, 23), wherein adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 231, 232) of the third folding structure (21, 23) are pivotable relative to one another about a third pivot axis, and wherein the folding mechanism (20) has a fourth folding structure (22, 24), wherein adjacent surface or frame elements (221, 222, 241, 242) of the fourth Folding structure (22, 24) are pivotable relative to one another about a fourth pivot axis, wherein the third pivot axis preferably has substantially the same orientation as the first pivot axis and wherein the fourth pivot axis preferably has substantially the same orientation as the second pivot axis.

7. Structure (10) according to claim 6, wherein the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 231, 232) of the third folding structure (21, 23) in an unfolded state form at least part of a side structure of the structure (10), and / or wherein the surface or frame elements (221, 222, 241, 242) of the fourth folding structure (22, 24) in an unfolded state form at least part of a ceiling or floor structure of the structure (10).

8. Structure (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure (10) further comprises locking elements (30) which are designed to pivot the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242).

9. Structure (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a dimension of the structure (10) in the direction of relative movement of the at least one structure part (12, 13) with respect to the main body (11) in an unfolded state is at least 1.5 times, at least 2 times, at least 2.5 times or at least 3 times the dimension of the structure (10) in a folded state.

10. Structure (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure (10) comprises a first structure part (12) and a second structure part (13), each of which is connected to the main body (11) via a folding mechanism (20).

11. Method for unfolding a structure (10), for example for a room, a house or residential module, wherein the structure (10) has a main body (11), at least one structure part (12, 13), and a folding mechanism (20) which has a folding structure (21, 22, 23, 24) which is pivotally connected to the main body (11) and pivotally connected to the at least one structure part (12, 13), and is designed to carry out a folding movement together with a relative movement of the at least one structure part (12, 13) with respect to the main body (11), wherein the folding structure (21, 22, 23, 24) has surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) which can be pivoted relative to one another, wherein the surface or Frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) are designed to pivot relative to one another during the folding movement, the method comprising: Pivoting the surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242) relative to one another by applying an external force, preferably to a pivotable connection (213) between adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242), wherein the external force is applied to the pivotable connection (213) via a force transmission element (214), wherein the force transmission element (214) is designed to initiate an external force at a position between the pivotable connection (213) and the side of the adjacent surface or frame elements (211, 212, 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242).

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