Sheet-fed rotary having an electrode unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a sheet-fed rotary comprising a coating mechanism (05; 06; 07) which has an impression cylinder (34; 61) and a further cylinder (33; 63) which forms a contact zone (55) therewith, wherein: the coating mechanism (05; 06; 07) has a charging device (86) for electrostatically fixing sheets (B) on the impression cylinder (34; 61), which charging device comprises an electrode unit (88) directed onto the lateral surface (87) of the impression cylinder; a charge core zone (89) is a region of a cylinder lateral surface (92) of the impression cylinder (34; 61) which region is closest to the electrode unit; the charge core zone (89) is arranged downstream of the contact zone (55) and upstream of a transfer point (101) which leads away from the impression cylinder (34; 61); and at least one electrode (93) of the electrode unit (88) has a minimum first distance (94) from the impression cylinder (34; 61) of at least 4 mm and at most 13 mm and has a minimum second distance (96) from the further cylinder (33; 63) of at least 4 mm and at most 35 mm.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Sheet-fed rotary printing press with electrode unit

[0003] The invention relates to a sheet-fed rotary printing press with an electrode unit according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0004] In sheet-fed offset printing presses, sheets are coated with a coating agent, such as printing ink, in a contact zone between a transfer cylinder and an impression cylinder. Other coating units are also known, such as flexographic coating units, in which the sheets interact directly with a forme cylinder and an impression cylinder. These are used, for example, as printing units or as varnishing units. Depending on the properties of the coating agent and the sheet, the sheets may stick to the transfer cylinder or the forme cylinder. While the movement of the leading edge of the sheet is largely determined by the grippers of the impression cylinder, the rear edge of the sheet can stretch considerably and / or detach from the impression cylinder. As soon as the trailing edge of the sheet leaves the contact zone, this sheet can abruptly relax.The trailing edge of the sheet may even temporarily overtake its target position on the cylinder circumference. This can negatively impact further sheet transport. This is particularly problematic, however, if an inspection system is installed, through which the sheets are transported on the impression cylinder for inspection. The stretching and the abrupt change in sheet position make evaluation difficult or impossible, especially in the rear area of ​​the respective sheet.

[0005] Devices are known that are intended to fix the sheets in the correct position on the impression cylinder using blast air and / or electrostatic charging. US Pat. No. 3,346,253 A discloses a sheet-fed rotary printing press that has an electrode unit in the area after the contact zone between the transfer cylinder and the impression cylinder. This electrode unit is adjustable in position using adjusting screws and is preferably positioned approximately two inches from the impression cylinder.

[0006] US 3 342 129 A and US 3 174 748 A each disclose a sheet-fed rotary printing press which has an electrode unit in the area after the contact zone between the transfer cylinder and the impression cylinder in order to prevent smearing of printing ink.

[0007] DE 102008 001 165 A1 discloses a sheet-fed rotary printing press in which sheets are electrostatically charged before the contact zone between the transfer cylinder and the impression cylinder in order to facilitate inspection after this contact zone.

[0008] DE 102010 003 046 A1 discloses a sheet-fed rotary printing press which has a blowing device in the area after the contact zone between the transfer cylinder and the impression cylinder in order to facilitate inspection after this contact zone.

[0009] EP 2 982 510 A1 discloses a sheet-fed rotary printing press which comprises an inkjet module which is arranged in the region after the contact zone between the transfer cylinder and the impression cylinder and which comprises an electrostatic sheet guiding device within a housing of this module in order to facilitate inkjet printing and inspection within this module.

[0010] DE 100 33 839 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing press which can have a drying device at different locations, wherein an electrode is arranged to assist the drying process, the distance of which to an impression cylinder can be changed so that a collision with a gripper system can be prevented.

[0011] DE 10041 934 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing press which has a drying device, wherein an electrode is arranged to assist the drying process, the distance of which electrode from an impression cylinder is a few millimetres.

[0012] WO 02 / 07977 A1 discloses a sheet-fed printing press that uses a combination of blown air and electrostatic charging to fix sheets in a suitable position on an impression cylinder in front of a printing nip.

[0013] The invention is based on the object of creating a sheet-fed rotary printing press with an electrode unit.

[0014] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

[0015] A sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has at least one rotary transport body for transporting sheets. The sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has at least one coating unit, which is designed, for example, as a printing unit or a coating unit. The rotary transport body is designed, for example, as a cylinder, in particular as an impression cylinder. In the case of an impression cylinder, this impression cylinder preferably forms a contact zone with another cylinder, wherein this further cylinder is designed, for example, as a transfer cylinder or a coating forme cylinder. The sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has at least one charging device for electrostatically fixing sheets to the rotary transport body.In particular, the coating unit, which is designed, for example, as a printing unit or coating unit, preferably has at least one charging device for electrostatically fixing sheets to the impression cylinder, which has at least one electrode unit aligned and / or alignable with a lateral surface of the impression cylinder.

[0016] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one electrode unit is movably arranged between at least two layers. For example, one of the at least two layers is a working layer and / or a particularly other one of the at least two layers is a storage layer. A very close arrangement of the electrode unit can then be combined for a particularly good working result with the ability to be stored for particularly easy accessibility. The charging device therefore preferably has at least one electrode unit having at least one electrode that is movably arranged between at least two layers and is aligned and / or alignable with a lateral surface of the rotary transport body.

[0017] A charge core zone is preferably a region of a cylinder jacket surface enveloping a cylinder body of the impression cylinder, said region being closest to the at least one electrode unit. The charge core zone is preferably arranged downstream of the contact zone and upstream of a transfer point leading away from the impression cylinder, as viewed in the direction of rotation of the impression cylinder. In particular, when the electrode unit is arranged in its working position, at least one electrode and preferably several and more preferably all electrodes of the at least one electrode unit have a minimum first distance from the impression cylinder which is at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 7 mm and even more preferably at least 9 mm and which is at most 13 mm, more preferably at most 12 mm and even more preferably at most 11 mm.In particular, when the electrode unit is arranged in its working position, the at least one electrode and preferably the plurality or all of the electrodes of the at least one electrode unit have a minimum second distance from the further cylinder which is at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 7 mm and even more preferably at least 9 mm and which is at most 35 mm, more preferably at most 20 mm, even more preferably at most 15 mm and even more preferably at most 12 mm. This results in the advantage that sheets can be electrostatically fixed to the impression cylinder to the greatest possible extent before their trailing edge leaves the contact zone. Even in the event of an abrupt relaxation of the not yet fixed part of the sheet, potential corresponding problems are thereby minimized.The resulting electrostatic forces are used to press the sheet flat against the impression cylinder and / or to generate a frictional force that prevents or significantly slows down the sheet's release. This allows, for example, a full-surface inspection of the sheets to be performed with high quality.

[0018] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one inspection system is assigned to the coating unit, which has a camera arranged so as to be aligned, in particular with regard to its detection range, with an inspection zone assigned to the impression cylinder, and in that the inspection zone is arranged after the contact zone and before the transfer point leading away from the impression cylinder, as seen in the direction of rotation of the impression cylinder. This allows an inspection to be carried out with particularly high precision. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that, in particular when the electrode unit is arranged in its working position, the charge core zone is arranged before the inspection zone and in particular after the contact zone, as seen in the direction of rotation of the impression cylinder.Preferably, no further device is arranged in the region after the contact zone and before the charge core zone, in particular no shielding device and / or no housing different from the electrode device, as seen in the direction of rotation. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that an operationally applied and / or applicable working voltage of the electrode unit is at least 2 kV, more preferably at least 3 kV, even more preferably at least 5 kV and even more preferably at least 8 kV. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that an operationally applied and / or applicable working voltage of the electrode unit is at most 20 kV, more preferably at most 15 kV, even more preferably at most 12 kV and even more preferably at most 11 kV.This ensures the best possible fixation of the sheets while ensuring operational reliability and targeted detachability.

[0019] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one charging device is connected via circuitry to a higher-level machine control system of the sheet-fed rotary printing press, in particular such that the operating voltage provided during operation is applied to the at least one electrode only when the sheet travel is activated. This increases the ergonomics and operational reliability of the sheet-fed rotary printing press. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the impression cylinder is grounded via at least one carbon brush.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one charging device is connected in terms of circuitry to the higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press in such a way that settings relating to this charging device can be made via an operating element of the sheet-fed rotary printing press, which is designed in particular as a machine control station or touch-sensitive display device. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one first holding element is arranged to hold the electrode unit in the working position. An evasive force is preferably understood to mean a force which is exerted directly or indirectly by the at least one electrode unit on this at least one first holding element.The at least one first holding element permits movement of the at least one electrode unit out of the working position and, for example, toward the storage position, caused by such an evasive force, only if this evasive force exceeds a first threshold value. This can then increase the safety of the sheet-fed rotary printing press, and damage to the electrode device can be avoided. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one electrode is arranged further away from the rotary transport body when the electrode unit is arranged in its storage position than when the electrode unit is arranged in its working position.

[0020] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one second holding element is arranged to hold the electrode unit in the storage position. This means that the storage position can also be used as a defined position. A return force is to be understood in particular as a force that is exerted directly or indirectly by the at least one electrode unit on this at least one second holding element. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one second holding element only permits a movement of the at least one electrode unit out of the storage position and in particular towards the working position caused by such a return force if this return force exceeds a second threshold value.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized by the provision of at least one actuating device, which has at least one actuator and by means of which the at least one electrode unit can be moved between the working position and the storage position. This facilitates maintenance and / or cleaning of the electrode unit. Such cleaning should be performed regularly, for example, to enable optimal use of the charging device.

[0021] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one actuating device is switchable, in particular by means of the at least one actuator, between a release state and a locking state, and in that the at least one actuating device, in its release state, allows movement of the at least one electrode unit out of the working position. Further preferably, the at least one actuating device, in its locking state, fixes the at least one electrode unit in the storage position. All positions of the electrode unit can then be controlled in a targeted manner.

[0022] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one electrode unit has an active side which, when the electrode unit is arranged in the working position, is arranged facing the rotary transport body and which, when the electrode unit is arranged in the storage position, is arranged facing away from the rotary transport body. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one electrode unit is pivotally mounted and / or is designed to be movable between the working position and the storage position by means of a pivoting movement. This allows for particularly simple and effective mobility of the electrode unit.In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one actuator of the at least one actuating device is designed as a pneumatic cylinder and / or as a hydraulic cylinder and / or as an electric drive and / or as a linear drive. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one actuator is arranged in an articulated manner to the at least one electrode unit. In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one actuator is arranged in an articulated manner on a sliding block which is arranged to be movable along a guide.

[0023] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that, in order to hold the electrode unit in the working position, the sliding block can be held in a first holding position by means of the at least one first holding element and / or in order to hold the electrode unit in the storage position, the sliding block can be held in a second holding position by means of the at least one second holding element.

[0024] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet-fed rotary printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one first holding element is designed as a mechanical locking element and / or has at least one spring element, and / or that the at least one second holding element is designed as a mechanical locking element and / or has at least one spring element. This allows for a particularly cost-effective design.

[0025] An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and described in more detail below. They show:

[0026] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a sheet processing machine;

[0027] Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a sheet feeder and a sheet system;

[0028] Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a substructure module of a printing unit;

[0029] Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a superstructure module of a printing unit;

[0030] Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a coating unit;

[0031] Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a turning device;

[0032] Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a sheet delivery;

[0033] Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of part of a coating plant with a charging device;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a charging device according to Fig. 8;

[0035] Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a cylinder with earthing device;

[0036] Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of a charging device with an electrode unit in its working position;

[0037] Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a charging device with an electrode unit in its storage position; Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of an actuating device in an operating configuration;

[0038] Fig. 14 is a schematic representation of an actuating device in an alternative configuration;

[0039] Fig. 15 is a schematic representation of an actuating device in a maintenance configuration.

[0040] A machine for processing sheet-shaped substrate B, e.g., a sheet-fed processing machine, comprises a substrate feed device 01, referred to, for example, as a sheet feeder 01, a feed device 03, referred to, for example, as a sheet infeed 03, and a substrate delivery device 08, referred to, for example, as a sheet delivery 08. Between the substrate feed device 01 and the substrate delivery device 08, one or more processing stages 05; 06; 07, also referred to as units, are arranged, which are designed, for example, as a printing unit 05, 06, a coating unit 07, a drying unit, a calendering unit, or a foil transfer unit, or in another suitable manner. If the sheet-fed processing machine is designed as a printing press, in particular a sheet-fed printing press or sheet-fed rotary printing press, at least one of the units is formed by a printing unit 05, 06, in particular an offset printing unit 05, 06, which is preferably followed by one or more coating units 07.In the case of several printing units 05, 06, the arrangement of one or more coating units 07 between the printing units 05, 06 can also be provided.

[0041] Unless explicitly distinguished, the term sheet-shaped substrate B, in particular a printing material B, specifically sheet B, is intended to encompass any substrate B that is flat and in sections, i.e. also substrates B that are in panel or plate form, i.e. also boards or plates. The sheet-shaped substrate B or sheet B defined in this way is preferably made of paper or cardboard, i.e. as a paper or cardboard sheet, but can in principle also be formed by sheets B, boards or plates made of plastic, cardboard or metal.

[0042] In the following, individual components of a sheet-fed processing machine are described in more detail using a sheet-fed printing press as an example.

[0043] For example, Fig. 2 shows a substrate feed device 01 designed as a sheet feeder 01 with a conveyor line 02 designed, for example, as a belt table 02 and with a printing material bundle 09 formed, for example, by a sheet stack 09, which is arranged on a receiving device 10, e.g., placed on a stacking plate 10. The stacking plate 10 is connected to transport means 11, which ensure that the top side of the sheet stack 09 is held in a defined position.

[0044] The substrate feed device 01, preferably designed as a sheet feeder 01, preferably comprises sheet separating elements 12 and sheet transport elements 13. The sheet separating elements 12 are designed, for example, as separating suction cups 12 and the sheet transport elements 13 are designed, for example, as transport suction cups 13 and are preferably jointly comprised by a separating device 14, e.g., accommodated in a so-called sheet separator 14. A drive of the sheet separator 14 is designed such that the separating suction cups 12 execute a predominantly vertical movement and the transport suction cups 13 execute a predominantly horizontal movement in or against a sheet transport direction 15. In one embodiment, individual drives are provided for the separating suction cups 12 and the transport suction cups 13.Individual drives are understood here to mean controllable drives which are assigned to one or a group of working elements (sheet separating elements 12 and / or sheet transport elements 13) for their drive, in particular for their drive independently of the drive of (preferably all) other working elements or groups of working elements, in particular without being coupled via a mechanical and / or positive drive connection to drives of other working elements which are driven individually or also in one or more groups.

[0045] Sheets B of the sheet stack 09 are positioned on stop elements 16, in particular with the leading edge of the sheet on stop surfaces of front stops 16. A sheet flap 17 can form an approximately vertical continuation of the stop surfaces of the front stops 16 in the upper area of ​​the sheet stack 09. The sheet flap 17 is connected to a drive, preferably a single drive, for example via a flap shaft 18, to which it is connected in a rotationally fixed manner. The sheet flap 17 can thus be pivoted from the position forming a straight continuation of the stop surfaces and thus brought into a position that supports the guidance of the sheets B to the downstream belt table 02. Blowing devices, e.g. so-calledBlowers positioned for pre-loosening the sheets B located in the upper area of ​​the sheet stack 09 and for forming an air cushion that supports the sheets B during conveyance in the sheet transport direction 15. For this purpose, additional blower devices or blowers and / or guide plates can also be provided to the side of the sheet stack 09.

[0046] In order to avoid stopping the sheet-fed printing press during the so-called "change" of the sheet stack 09, i.e. reloading the substrate feed device 01 with new substrate sheets B, in particular a new printing material bundle 09, the sheet feeder 01 is equipped with a non-stop device (not shown here). This non-stop device has, in particular, an auxiliary stack carrier which is arranged on an insertion unit and can be moved into the stacking area of ​​the printing press and is designed, in particular, as a rake, roller blind or plate. The auxiliary stack carrier takes over the remaining stack resting on a transport base 76, in particular a pallet 76, and lifts it, preferably continuously, to ensure trouble-free separation and removal of the topmost sheet B of the remaining stack. During this time, the new stack, arranged on a further pallet 76, is moved in and the remaining stack is subsequently combined with the new stack.

[0047] The belt table 02 arranged downstream of the sheet stack 09 is designed as a suction belt table 02 in the exemplary embodiment. It preferably comprises two rollers 20; 21, for example a drive roller 20 and a deflection roller 21, between which a single- or multi-part conveying surface 22; 23 can be provided, which is formed, for example, by a single- or multi-part table plate 22 or by a suction box 23 forming the table plate 22. The drive roller 20 and the deflection roller 21 are wrapped by at least one conveyor belt 24, which in the case of the suction belt table 02 is designed as a suction belt 24. The belt is tensioned, for example, with the aid of a tensioning roller 77 and is preferably driven according to a speed profile within a work cycle by an individual belt drive acting, for example, on the drive roller 20. Here, timing rollers 25 correspond to the drive roller 20 and are controlled against the drive roller 20 within a working cycle.

[0048] The feed device 03, referred to for example as a sheet feeder 03, preferably comprises a feed table 26 to which a control device is assigned. The feed table 26 can be designed as a feed plate 26. Stops 27, in particular front stops 27, are guided onto the feed table 26 and thus into the path of the sheets B in the work cycle, for example as so-called front lays 27. The sheets B are fed and aligned with their leading edges against these front lays 27. A sheet acceleration means 04 is arranged downstream of the front lays 27, which is designed in particular as an oscillating gripper 04, which feeds the sheets B aligned along the leading edge and optionally along a side edge to a transfer drum 29 designed as a feed drum 29, which transfers the sheets B coming from the conveyor line 02 to an impression cylinder 34 of the downstream printing unit 05.

[0049] In another embodiment, the position of sheet B on the feed table 26 is measured. Sheet B is then transferred to the oscillating gripper 04 during its movement. Preferably, during the movement of the oscillating gripper 04, sheet B is then moved into its correct position and transferred in alignment to the feed drum 29.

[0050] The units 05; 06, in particular printing units 05; 06, for example, have a respective substructure 31, for example designed as a substructure module 31. Of the printing units 05, 06, only the impression cylinders 34, 36, also referred to as impression cylinders 34, and the transfer cylinders 33 that transfer the print image, which together with the impression cylinders 34, 36 form printing zones 55, also referred to as printing points 55 or printing nip 55, are shown in Fig. 3. The transfer cylinders 33 are also referred to as blanket cylinders 33 or blanket cylinders 33. The impression cylinders 34, 36 preferably have a continuous cylinder jacket surface except for at least one axially extending cylinder channel 56. A gripper system 57 for receiving and transferring sheet B in the gripper closure is preferably arranged in the cylinder channel 56. Double-sized printing cylinders 33 accordingly have two gripper systems 57 arranged in each cylinder channel 56.Between the printing cylinders 34, 36, there is generally arranged a transfer drum 35, designed as a transfer drum 35, with curved sheet-supporting elements 58, e.g., so-called drum caps 58, arranged concentrically to the rotational axis. Alternatively, the transfer drum 35 can also be designed without drum caps 58, as a so-called transfer drum 35. For receiving the sheets B from the upstream printing cylinder 34 and transferring them to the downstream printing cylinder 36, the transfer drums 35 preferably have gripper systems 59. During sheet transport on the drum caps 58 of the transfer drum 35, the sheets B can be supported, in particular, by an air cushion guide 60 arranged beneath the transfer drum 35, and thus placed smoothly on the drum caps 58.The transfer drums 35, transfer drums 35, or transfer rollers 35 arranged between the printing cylinders 34 can be single-sized or multi-sized, but are preferably double-sized. Single-sized cylinders can accommodate one sheet B, and double-sized cylinders can accommodate two sheets B circumferentially.

[0051] The units 05; 06, in particular printing units 05; 06, have, for example, in the area of ​​a so-called printing unit superstructure 30, a printing unit cylinder 32, designed in particular as a forme cylinder 32, e.g., as a plate cylinder 32, and, in an embodiment for the offset printing process, also a printing unit cylinder 32, designed in particular as a transfer cylinder 33, e.g., as a blanket cylinder 33. Furthermore, the respective printing unit 05, 06 has, for example, in the area of ​​a so-called printing unit substructure 31, a printing unit cylinder 34 designed as an impression cylinder 34 or impression cylinder 34, and a transfer drum 35, also referred to as a transfer drum 35.

[0052] The printing units 05, 06 are, as can be seen, for example, from the schematically illustrated structure of the printing units 05, 06 in the figures, preferably of a modular design, in particular such that the printing unit superstructure 30 is formed by a first module 30, e.g. a so-called superstructure module 30, and the printing unit substructure 31 is formed by a second module 31, e.g. a so-called substructure module 31. In the modular design, the superstructure module 30 comprises, for example, the forme cylinder 32 and, in an embodiment for the offset printing process, also the transfer cylinder 33. The substructure module 31 has, in particular, the impression cylinder 34 and, for example, the transfer drum 35. In this context, “modular” or module can be understood as a structural unit which, with its main components or at least their connecting elements already pre-assembled in a frame, can be introduced into the machine as a whole and, if necessary,can be dismantled again, with the frame being designed as a frame that can be detached from the rest of the machine frame. In the case of the modular design, the horizontal division between the superstructure module 30 and the substructure module 31 preferably runs between the transfer cylinder 33 and the impression cylinder 34. The vertical separation surface between the substructure modules 31 or between the printing units 05, 06, as seen in the sheet transport direction 15, is located predominantly between the transfer drum 35 of the printing unit 05 and the impression cylinder 36 of the subsequent printing unit 06.

[0053] The aforementioned transfer cylinder 33, e.g., designed as a rubber cylinder 33, can have at least one fastening device with a fastening means 38 for holding and / or tensioning a rubber blanket. For example, a channel 37 designated as a clamping and / or tensioning channel 37, in which the clamping and / or tensioning elements 38, in particular for tensioning a rubber blanket, are arranged, can be provided.

[0054] With respect to the direction of the effective ink flow, the forme cylinder 32, e.g., designed as a plate cylinder 32, is arranged upstream of the transfer cylinder 33. The plate cylinder 32 also has, e.g., at least one fastening device with a fastening means 40 for holding and / or clamping a printing form. The plate cylinder 32 can have a channel 39, also referred to as a clamping and / or tensioning channel 39, in which, e.g., at least one tensioning and / or clamping device 40 for clamping a printing plate onto the outer surface of the plate cylinder 32 is located.

[0055] An automatic or semi-automatic plate changing device 41 can be assigned to the printing unit 05, 06 in the area of ​​the printing unit superstructure 30 or superstructure module 30.

[0056] At least one inking unit 42 is provided for inking the printing form, which is designed, for example, as a printing plate. The inking unit 42 can be designed as a short inking unit 42, as a ductor inking unit 42, as a film inking unit 42 or in another suitable manner. In the case of the design as a ductor inking unit 42, which is preferred here, the inking unit 42 comprises at least one ink supply 43, which can be designed, for example, as a doctor blade or ink fountain 43, at least one ink pickup roller 44 to be inked by the ink supply 43, designed, for example, as a ductor roller or preferably as an ink fountain roller 44, one or more further inking unit rollers 45 and preferably a ductor roller 47, oscillating between the ink pickup roller 44 designed as an ink fountain roller 44 and a first inking unit roller 46, e.g. B. a so-called ink lifter 47. The inking rollers 45 are differentiated into, for example, positively driven ink distribution rollers 48 (shown hatched in Fig. 4) and inking rollers 49, which e.g.driven solely by friction from the inking rollers 48. For applying the ink prepared by the inking rollers 45 to the printing plate, four inking rollers 50 are preferably provided in the exemplary embodiment.

[0057] In the direction of rotation 53 of the plate cylinder 32 during operation, a dampening forme roller 52 is optionally arranged upstream of the inking rollers 50. This roller is assigned to a dampening unit 51, which is designed to apply dampening solution to the surface of the printing plate. A preferably switchable bridge roller 54 can be provided between a first inking roller 50 in the direction of rotation 53 of the plate cylinder 32 and the dampening forme roller 52. This functionally connects the dampening unit 51 and the inking unit 42. In the switchable version, this allows several operating modes for optimizing the dampening solution supply.

[0058] The sheet-fed printing press may include a turning device 78 for turning the sheets B to be printed. The turning device 78 is preferably arranged between the printing units 05, 06 of the press, in particular between the printing cylinders 34. This turning device 78 is preferably configured so that it can be switched from front-to-back printing, so that the press operates either in front-to-back printing mode or in front-to-back printing mode. Back-to-back printing refers to a sheet B being turned after being printed by a number of printing units 05, 06 in order to print its reverse side with the subsequent printing units 05, 06.

[0059] The turning generally takes place according to the trailing edge turning principle (see, for example, Fig. 6). The turning device 78 can be designed, for example, as a three-drum turning device or as a single-drum turning device. Three sheet guiding cylinders 79, 80, 81 are arranged in the three-drum turning device. In the sheet transport direction 15, for example, a single-sized or double-sized transfer drum 79, a preferably double-sized storage drum 80 and a preferably single-sized turning drum 81 are arranged. A single-sized cylinder can accommodate a sheet B of maximum format on its circumference. A single-sized cylinder thus has the same diameter as the forme cylinder 32, which is designed, for example, as a plate cylinder 32, and a double-sized cylinder has a diameter twice as large.

[0060] The turning drum 81 is in particular equipped with a turning gripper system 82, and the storage drum 80 is then equipped with at least one sheet holding system 83 per sheet-supporting outer surface. The sheet holding systems 83 are preferably designed as a gripper system 83 for the leading edge of the sheet. Preferably, fixing elements for the rear area of ​​a sheet B are also provided, which are preferably designed as suction systems 84. The suction systems 84 are preferably connected to adjustable rear outer segments and are adjustable in the circumferential direction relative to the gripper systems 83 on the front outer segments, so that sheets B from the maximum to the minimum format can be held in the front and rear areas on the storage drum 80 in the straight printing mode and / or in the perfecting mode. Sheet guiding elements for guiding the sheets B can be arranged below the storage drum 80 and / or the turning drum 81.In a further development, the turning device 78 is assigned a guide blade for guiding the sheet B between the storage drum 80 and the turning drum 81.

[0061] For example, a coating unit 07 is arranged downstream of the last printing unit 06. As shown in the drawings, a cylinder designed as a printing cylinder 61 or impression cylinder 34 is arranged in the substructure 31, e.g., within a substructure module 31. The impression cylinder 61 is preferably structurally identical to the impression cylinders 34, 36 of the printing units 05, 06.

[0062] The area of ​​a coating unit superstructure 62 of the coating unit 07, designed, for example, as a superstructure module 62, differs from the printing unit superstructures 30 and 31.

[0063] Superstructure modules 30 of the printing units 05, 06. Within this coating unit superstructure 62, a coating unit cylinder 63, designed, for example, as a coating forme cylinder 63, is arranged, on which a transfer means designed, for example, as a coating blanket or coating plate is fastened, for example clamped, via a fastening system 64, e.g. a clamping and / or tensioning system 64. To apply the varnish to the coating blanket, designed, for example, in the manner of a rubber blanket, or to the coating plate, an application system 65, preferably designed here as a chambered doctor blade system 65, is used, preferably comprising an inking unit roller 66, in particular an anilox roller 66, having a cup structure on its outer surface, and a chambered doctor blade 67. The chambered doctor blade 67 here contains two doctor blades that interact with the anilox roller 66.

[0064] Downstream of the last printing unit 05, 06 or, if provided, after the coating unit 07, a drying section is preferably provided. To form the drying section, one or more drying devices 68 are arranged in the printing substrate path between the last unit 05, 06, 07 designed as a printing or coating unit 05, 06, 07 and a product bundle 71 formed, for example, by a delivery stack 71. Preferably, one or more drying devices 68 are arranged above and / or below the sheet path in the sheet delivery 08. In a preferred embodiment, the path between the last coating or printing unit 05, 06, 07 and the sheet delivery 08 can be extended, in particular by interposing a drying unit, in order to gain space for the arrangement of further drying devices 68. If necessary, intermediate drying in the press can also be carried out by drying devices 68 assigned to the cylinders.This intermediate drying can also be carried out by a drying unit arranged in the machine.

[0065] The sheet delivery 08 of a sheet-processing machine, here in particular a sheet-fed printing press, specifically a sheet-fed offset rotary printing press, contains a sheet conveying system arranged downstream of a sheet guiding system, here as a sheet guiding cylinder, specifically impression cylinder 34, which is designed in particular as a chain conveying system 69. The sheet conveying system contains traction means moved via drive and deflection means, which drive gripping devices for conveying the sheets. The gripping devices have fixing elements for receiving and fixing the sheets B. Clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges can be used as fixing elements, in particular. In developments not shown, additional gripping devices for the trailing edges of the sheets are provided.

[0066] The sheet conveying system, designed here as a chain conveyor system 69, contains chains 73 which are placed over and driven by sprockets 72 and guided in laterally arranged guide rails (not shown), on which chains 73 gripper carriages 70 are arranged for transporting the sheets B. The gripper carriages 70 convey the sheets B in the sheet transport direction 15 to the delivery stack 71, which is stored, for example, on a pallet 76 or another type of transport base. The gripper carriages 70 preferably contain leading edge clamping grippers which have gripper fingers which interact with gripper supports and which are arranged spaced apart from one another on a gripper shaft and can be controlled by the latter. For reliable transport of the sheets B held by the gripper carriages 70, a sheet guiding device and, for example, a dryer are provided in the sheet delivery 08.The sheet guiding device has sheet guide plates facing the gripper carriage 70, which are equipped with blown air nozzles and extend across the machine width. Blow boxes are arranged beneath the sheet guide plate, via which the blown air nozzles are supplied with blown air, so that a supporting air cushion is formed between the sheet guide plate and the sheets B transported by the gripper carriage 70. In order to be able to regulate heating of the sheet guide plate in the area of ​​the dryer, a coolant circuit can be integrated. To prevent the sheets B from sticking together on the delivery pile 71, a release agent application device (not further designated), in particular a powder device, preferably combined with a device for extracting the powder, is preferably provided in the area of ​​the sheet delivery 08.

[0067] A braking device (not further designated) is arranged in front of the delivery pile 71 for decelerating the sheets B released by the gripper carriages 70. The braking device can contain rotating suction rings and / or circulating suction belts or be designed as a re-gripper system. The sheets B decelerated by the braking device rest against front stops and are thus deposited in alignment on the delivery pile 71. The delivery pile 71 is preferably lowered by a pile lifting drive by the amount of the sheet thickness deposited at a time, so that the stack surface always assumes an approximately constant level.

[0068] In order to avoid stopping the sheet-fed printing press when changing the transport supports 76, e.g., in the form of pallets 76, the sheet delivery 08 can be equipped with a non-stop device (not shown). This primarily comprises an auxiliary pile support, for example in the form of a roll-up slatted table, in particular also referred to as a roller blind. The roller blind has movably connected bars. In its rest position, it is arranged rolled up in front of the delivery pile 71 and, for stack changing while the sheet-fed printing press is running, is unrolled in the sheet transport direction 15 between two sheets B into a working position parallel to the surface of the delivery pile 71. In this position above the delivery pile 71, this slatted table temporarily receives the incoming sheets B, so that an auxiliary pile is formed. The main pile can then be removed and replaced with a new transport support 76, in particular a pallet 76.At the end of the stack change process, the roller blind is retracted to its rest position and the auxiliary stack is placed on the new pallet 76.

[0069] At least one drive motor (not shown) is assigned to the sheet-fed printing press.

[0070] In a first embodiment, this at least one drive motor is designed, for example, as a main motor and drives, for example, a closed gear train that forms a drive system. The drive system comprises, in particular, the printing cylinders 34, 36, the transfer drums 35, the transfer cylinders 33, the plate cylinders 32, and the inking units 42.

[0071] Individual functional units of the sheet-fed printing press, such as the substrate feed device 01, especially the sheet feeder 01, the ink pickup roller 44 and / or any dampening units 51 provided, can preferably be driven by separate drives, in particular individual drives, i.e. without a mechanical and / or positive drive connection to the drives of the other functional units and the drive system comprising the main motor. In an embodiment further developing the first embodiment, at least the plate cylinders 32 are separated from the drive system and are driven by separate drives, in particular individual drives, assigned only to the respective plate cylinder 32, i.e.without a mechanical and / or positive drive connection to the drives of the other plate cylinders 32 and to the drive system comprising the main motor and to drives of other functional units such as the substrate feed device 01, the ink fountain rollers 44 and / or the dampening units 51. The individual drives of the plate cylinders 32 can in particular be formed by so-called direct drives, wherein the direct drive is understood to mean an above-mentioned individual drive in which the drive motor or its rotor is connected, preferably without intermediate gear elements, directly or optionally via a coupling in a mutually coaxial arrangement to the drive shaft, in particular the journal, of the plate cylinder 32. The drive motor is preferably designed in such a way that the intermediate connection of a gear can be dispensed with.The peripheral speed of the plate cylinders 32 is adapted to the peripheral speed of the cylinders interacting with the plate cylinders 32. According to another embodiment, several of the units, preferably each of the units, have their own drive motor that drives the drive system of the respective unit, but without being coupled to the drives of other units via a mechanical and / or positive drive connection.

[0072] The sheets B are provided in the printing material container 09, which may be configured as a sheet stack 09. The sheet separator 14 captures the top sheet B of the sheet stack 09 and feeds it for further processing. This occurs, for example, as follows:

[0073] The sheet separating devices 12 are guided against the upper side of the sheet stack 09, grasp the topmost sheet B and lift it from the sheet B below it by moving it back to its starting position. The blowers blow under the sheet B held by the sheet separating devices 12 and thus separate it completely from the sheet B below. The sheet B held by the sheet separating devices 12 and completely separated is grasped by the sheet transport devices 13 and released by the sheet separating devices 12. The sheet transport devices 13 convey the grasped sheet B in the sheet transport direction 15, wherein at the start of the sheet transport the sheet flap 17 can be pivoted downwards so that the sheet B can be transported with the leading edge of the sheet to the conveyor section 02, which can be designed as a belt table 02, for example.The timing rollers 25 are initially lifted from the drive roller 20 and rest on the respective sheet B when the sheet is located in the gap between the timing rollers 25 and the drive roller 20. The respective sheet B is then released by the sheet transport elements 13. The sheets B conveyed by the sheet transport elements 13 in the sheet transport direction 15 are positioned on the conveyor section 02, which is designed, for example, as a belt table 02, while maintaining a predetermined shingle spacing and are guided by this or these against the front lays 27 in the work cycle of the sheet-fed printing press and can then be pulled off by the sheet acceleration means 04, which are designed, for example, as oscillating grippers 04.

[0074] The grippers, for example of the oscillating gripper 04, transfer the sheet B to the grippers of the feed drum 29, through which the sheet B is transferred to the gripper system 57 of the printing cylinder 34 of the first printing unit 05.

[0075] Sheet B, now on the printing cylinder 34, is inked by the inking unit 42 via the forme cylinder 32 and, in the offset printing version, via the transfer cylinder 33. This occurs, for example, as follows:

[0076] The printing ink stored in the ink reservoir 43, e.g., in the form of an ink fountain 43, is metered zone by zone onto the ink pickup roller 44, e.g., ink fountain roller 44, and is preferably deposited as an ink strip by the periodically reciprocating ink lifter 47 onto the first inking roller 46, e.g., ink distribution roller 48. This transfers the ink to the ink distribution rollers 48 via friction-driven inking rollers 49. The ink is transferred to the ink forme rollers 50 via further inking rollers 45 and thereby reaches the printing form mounted on the forme cylinder 32. As seen in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 32, the application of dampening fluid by the dampening forme roller 52 can take place before the ink is applied by the ink forme rollers 50.

[0077] The ink deposited on the printing form is transferred to the transfer cylinder 33 in accordance with the motif and from there to the sheet B guided by the printing cylinder 34.

[0078] Sheet B is now transferred from the first printing unit 05 to the following printing unit 06 and, if necessary, to subsequent printing units 05 and 06. This is done, for example, as follows:

[0079] Sheet B is transferred from the gripper system 57 of the printing cylinder 34 to the gripper system 59 of the transfer drum 35 and is then guided through the entire sheet-fed printing press. In the individual printing units 05, 06, the ink is then applied to sheet B via the respective transfer cylinders 33.

[0080] On the path of sheet B through the sheet-fed printing press, if a turning device 78 is present, sheet B can also be turned and printed on its reverse side. The operation of the sheet holding system described in the exemplary embodiment in the perfecting mode is as follows:

[0081] Sheet B, printed in straight print on the storage drum 80, is guided by the sheet holding system 83 in the area of ​​the sheet leading edge and additionally secured in the area of ​​the sheet trailing edge by a sheet holding system 84 designed as a suction gripper of the suction system 84. After the sheet leading edge has passed the tangent point between the storage drum 80 and the downstream turning drum 81, it is released by the sheet holding system 83. While the sheet trailing edge passes the tangent point between the storage drum 80 and the downstream turning drum 81, it is taken over by the turning gripper system 82 of the turning drum 81 and released by the sheet holding system 84 of the storage drum 80, so that the sheet trailing edge then becomes the sheet leading edge.

[0082] After sheet B has passed through printing units 05 and 06, it can be coated with a layer of varnish in one or more coating units 07 by the coating forme cylinder 63. The gripper system of the printing cylinder 61 then transfers sheet B to, for example, the chain conveyor system 69 of the sheet delivery 08.

[0083] The sheets B gripped at the leading edge are guided by the gripper carriages 70 after being taken over by the printing cylinder 61 and passing through a deflection area, for example, along a path pointing upwards. The sheets B are dried by the provided drying devices 68 and coated, for example, with powder. The sheets B are transported by the gripper carriages 70 to the height of the delivery stack 71 and deposited there.

[0084] The sheet-fed printing press, which is particularly designed as a sheet-fed rotary printing press, preferably has at least one rotary transport body 34; 61 for transporting sheet B. A rotary transport body 34; 61 is understood to mean, in particular, a rotatably arranged unit or assembly that serves to transport sheet B, in particular around a rotation axis of the corresponding rotary transport body 34; 61. For example, an impression cylinder 34 of a printing unit 05; 06 and / or an impression cylinder 61 of a coating unit 07 represents such a rotary transport body 34; 61.

[0085] The sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has at least one coating unit 05; 06; 07, which is designed, for example, as a printing unit 05; 06 or as a coating unit 07. The at least one coating unit 05; 06; 07 has at least one impression cylinder 34; 61 and at least one further cylinder 33; 63 forming a contact zone 55 with the impression cylinder 34; 61. This contact zone 55 corresponds, for example, in the case of a printing unit 05; 06, to the printing zone 55. The at least one further cylinder 33; 63 forming the contact zone 55 with the impression cylinder 34; 61 is designed, for example, as a transfer cylinder 33 in the case of an offset printing unit 05; 06 or as a coating forme cylinder 63 in the case of a coating unit 07.

[0086] The sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has at least one charging device

[0087] 86 for electrostatically fixing sheet B to the rotary transport body 34; 61. Preferably, the coating unit 05; 06; 07, which is designed in particular as a printing unit 05; 06 or coating unit 07, has at least one charging device 86 for electrostatically fixing sheet B to the impression cylinder 34; 61, which has at least one electrode unit 88 aligned and / or alignable with a lateral surface 87 of the impression cylinder 34; 61. The electrode unit 88 preferably has at least one electrode 93, optionally several. While details are presented below with reference to a rotary transport body 34; 61 designed as an impression cylinder 34; 61, these are nevertheless transferable to general rotary transport bodies 34; 61, provided that no contradictions arise. In particular, the electrode unit 88 is generally aligned with a lateral surface

[0088] 87 of a rotary transport body 34; 61 is arranged in an aligned and / or alignable manner and is preferably movable between at least two positions.

[0089] A charge core zone 89 is preferably a region 89 of a cylinder jacket surface 92 enveloping a cylinder barrel 91 of the impression cylinder 34; 61, which is closest to the at least one electrode unit 88. The charge core zone 89 is preferably arranged after the contact zone 55 and / or before a transfer point 101 leading away from the impression cylinder 34; 61, as seen in the direction of rotation R of the impression cylinder 34; 61. The electrode unit 88 can thus electrostatically charge the sheets B transported through the contact zone 55 as close as possible to the contact zone and fix them to the cylinder barrel 91 of the impression cylinder 34; 61. The closer to the contact zone 55 this fixation begins, the shorter the section of the sheet B that is not yet electrostatically fixed when the end of the sheet B leaves the contact region 55 and is therefore no longer pressurized by both cylinders 33; 34; 61; 63 is held.

[0090] Preferably, particularly when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position, at least one electrode 93 of the at least one electrode unit 88, for example several and in particular all electrodes 93 of the at least one electrode unit 88, has a minimum first distance 94 from the impression cylinder 34; 61. The minimum first distance 94 is preferably at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 7 mm, and even more preferably at least 9 mm. In particular, regardless of this, the minimum first distance is preferably at most 13 mm, more preferably at most 12 mm, and even more preferably at least 11 mm.Preferably, particularly when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position, at least one electrode 93 of the at least one electrode unit 88, for example several and in particular all electrodes 93 of the at least one electrode unit 88, has a minimum second distance 96 from the further cylinder 33; 63. The minimum second distance 96 is preferably at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 7 mm and even more preferably at least 9 mm. In particular, independently thereof, the minimum second distance is preferably at most 35 mm, more preferably at most 30 mm, even more preferably at most 20 mm, even more preferably at most 15 mm and even more preferably at most 12 mm. An operationally applied and / or applicable working voltage of the electrode unit 88 is preferably at least 2 kV, more preferably at least 3 kV, even more preferably at least 5 kV and even more preferably at least 8 kV.This operationally applied and / or applicable working voltage of the electrode unit 88 is preferably at most 20 kV, more preferably at most 15 kV, even more preferably at most 12 kV, and even more preferably at most 11 kV. The rotary transport body 34; 61, which is designed in particular as an impression cylinder 34; 61, is preferably arranged so as to be grounded via at least one grounding device 113 and in particular via at least one carbon brush 112. The grounding device 113 has, for example, a lever arm 116 pivotably mounted about a pivot axis 114, which is held by a spring element 117 in a position in which the at least one carbon brush 112 is in contact with at least one slip ring 118, which is arranged rigidly relative to the cylinder barrel 91.

[0091] Preferably, the coating unit 05; 06; 07, which is designed in particular as a printing unit 05; 06 or coating unit 07, is assigned at least one inspection system 97, which has a camera 99 arranged so as to be aligned, in particular with respect to its detection area, with an inspection zone 98 assigned to the impression cylinder 34; 61.

[0092] For example, an illumination device is additionally and / or integrated. This inspection zone 98 is preferably arranged after the contact zone 55 and / or before the transfer point 101 leading away from the impression cylinder 34; 61, viewed in the direction of rotation R of the impression cylinder 34; 61. The camera 99 is preferably designed as a high-resolution camera 99 and is preferably part of a system for detecting and / or controlling register and / or color values ​​and / or print image contents. This camera 99 is arranged, for example, in the transport direction after a last printing unit 06 and / or after a last coating unit 07. Preferably, in particular when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position, the

[0093] Charge core zone 89 is arranged in the direction of rotation R of the impression cylinder 34; 61 in front of the inspection zone 98 and preferably after the contact zone 55.

[0094] The sheet-fed rotary printing press preferably has a higher-level machine control system. For example, drives that cause rotation of at least the impression cylinder 34; 61 and / or drives that cause rotation of at least one forme cylinder 32 and / or at least one coating forme cylinder 63 are connected to this machine control system via circuitry. For example, this higher-level machine control system is connected to a control station of the sheet-fed rotary printing press via circuitry. Preferably, the at least one charging device 86 is connected to the higher-level machine control system of the sheet-fed rotary printing press via circuitry. For example, the at least one charging device 86 has a high-voltage generator that is arranged connected to the at least one electrode unit 88 and / or the at least one electrode 93.For example, the at least one charging device 86 is connected in terms of circuitry to the higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press at least in such a way that the high-voltage generator is connected in terms of circuitry to the higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press.

[0095] For example, the at least one charging device 86 is connected in such a way that the application of the working voltage to the at least one electrode 93 begins at the earliest with the start of a sheet travel and / or ends at the latest with the end of the sheet travel. This means, in particular, that the at least one charging device 86 is connected in circuitry to the higher-level machine control system of the sheet-fed rotary printing press in such a way that the operationally provided working voltage is only applied to the at least one electrode 93 when the sheet travel is activated. Preferably, the at least one charging device 86 is connected in circuitry to the higher-level machine control system of the sheet-fed rotary printing press in such a way that settings relating to this charging device 86 can be made via an operating element of the sheet-fed rotary printing press, which is designed, in particular, as a machine control station or touch-sensitive display device.

[0096] The at least one electrode unit 88 is preferably arranged to be movable between at least two positions. One of the at least two positions is a working position. Another of the at least two positions is preferably a storage position. The working position is, in particular, a position assumed by the electrode unit 88 during printing operation and which serves to enable the electrode unit 88 to act on sheet B. The storage position is, in particular, a position assumed by the electrode unit 88 in order to be serviced or cleaned and / or to create more space between the electrode unit 88 and the rotary transport body 34; 61 or the impression cylinder 34; 61. The storage position can, on the one hand, serve for maintenance and / or assembly and / or cleaning of the electrode unit 88 or parts of the electrode unit 88.However, the storage position preferably alternatively or additionally has the function of increasing a distance between the rotary transport body 34; 61, which is preferably designed as an impression cylinder 34; 61, on the one hand, and the at least one electrode unit 88, on the other hand, in particular compared to a situation in which the at least one electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position. Preferably, the at least one electrode 93 of the at least one electrode unit 88 is arranged further away from the rotary transport body 34; 61 when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in its storage position than when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position, for example at least one and a half times as far, more preferably twice as far and / or at least 5 mm further, more preferably at least 8 mm further.

[0097] Preferably, at least one first holding element 102 is arranged to hold the electrode unit 88 in the working position. An evasive force K is to be understood in particular as a force K that is exerted directly or indirectly by the at least one electrode unit 88 on this at least one first holding element 102. An indirect exertion of such a force is to be understood, for example, as meaning that a mechanism can be interposed that can optionally influence forces and / or torques, in particular an adjusting device 104. This evasive force K is preferably a force K whose direction has at least one component that is parallel to a direction pointing from the contact zone to the at least one electrode unit 88.Preferably, the at least one first holding element 102 only permits movement of the at least one electrode unit 88 out of the working position caused by an evasive force K if this evasive force exceeds a first threshold value. This first threshold value is preferably a fixed property of the at least one first holding element 102. The at least one electrode unit 88 is thus preferably fixed in its working position during normal operation, but can evade in the event of a malfunction due to unintentional material transport. Such a case occurs, for example, when material that is thicker than the normal distance between the rotary transport body 34; 61 or impression cylinder 34; 61 on the one hand and the electrode unit 88 on the other hand is entrained by the rotary transport body 34; 61 and transported along its outer surface 87. If the electrode unit 88 is arranged rigidly, it could otherwise be damaged.This is especially important when considering the preferred distances in the working position. Such material could, for example, be a severely deformed sheet B and / or an accumulation of several sheets B and / or dirt and / or waste material that had previously accumulated elsewhere and then dislodged.

[0098] Depending on the design of the at least one first holding element 102, this can act in one direction or in two directions. For example, the at least one first holding element 102 is designed as a magnetic holding element 102. In this case, it only prevents unwanted movements of the at least one electrode unit 88 out of the working position and / or towards the storage position or into the storage position. Preferably, the at least one first holding element 102 is designed as a mechanical locking element 102. For example, it then has at least one spring element which, for example, presses a stop body into a position which prevents movement of the at least one electrode unit 88 if the evasive forces K are too low. This therefore also prevents unwanted movements of the at least one electrode unit 88 into the working position.

[0099] Preferably, at least one second holding element 103 is arranged, in particular for holding the electrode unit 88 in the stored position. A return force F is to be understood in particular as a force F that is exerted directly or indirectly by the at least one electrode unit 88 on this at least one second holding element 103. An indirect exertion of such a force is to be understood, for example, as meaning that a mechanism can be interposed which can optionally influence forces and / or torques, in particular an adjusting device 104. This return force F is preferably a force F whose direction has at least one component that is parallel to a direction pointing from the at least one electrode unit 88 to the contact zone.Preferably, the at least one second holding element 103 only permits movement of the at least one electrode unit 88 out of the storage position caused by such a return force F if this return force exceeds a second threshold value. This second threshold value is preferably a fixed property of the at least one second holding element 103.

[0100] Depending on the design of the at least one second holding element 103, this can act in one direction or in two directions. For example, the at least one second holding element 103 is designed as a magnetic holding element 103. In this case, it only prevents unwanted movements of the at least one electrode unit 88 out of the stored position and / or towards the working position. Preferably, the at least one second holding element 103 is designed as a mechanical locking element 103. For example, it then has at least one spring element which, for example, presses a stop body into a position which prevents movement of the at least one electrode unit 88 if the return forces F are too low. This therefore also prevents unwanted movements of the at least one electrode unit 88 into the stored position.

[0101] Preferably, at least one adjusting device 104 is arranged, which has at least one actuator 106 and by means of which the at least one electrode unit 88 can be moved between the working position and the storage position, in particular in both directions. In the event that the storage position is to be used only for maintenance and / or cleaning purposes, movement via the adjusting device 104 alone would be sufficient. In particular, in order to arrange the at least one electrode unit 88 so that it can be deflected in the event of a malfunction, the at least one adjusting device 104 can preferably be switched between a release state and a fixed state, in particular by means of the at least one actuator 106. In its release state, the at least one adjusting device 104 allows movement of the at least one electrode unit 88 out of the working position and preferably also into the working position.In its fixed state, the at least one adjusting device 104 fixes the at least one electrode unit 88, for example, in the storage position.

[0102] Preferably, the at least one electrode unit 88 is pivotally mounted, in particular about an electrode pivot axis E, and / or the at least one electrode unit 88 is designed to be movable between the working position and the storage position by means of a pivoting movement. The at least one electrode unit 88 preferably has an active side 107 which, when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in the working position, is arranged facing the rotary transport body 34; 61 and which, when the electrode unit 88 is arranged in the storage position, is arranged facing away from the rotary transport body 34; 61. For example, the at least one electrode 93 is enclosed in a housing 119 of the electrode unit 88 and is preferably only accessible from one direction from the outside. This direction then defines the active side 107. The at least one electrode 93 preferably has regions with particularly small radii of curvature on its surface, which are more preferably designed as needles 108.Preferably, these needles 108 are arranged on the active side 107. In these areas, especially needles 108, the corresponding electric field strength is particularly high and allows for particularly effective charging of the sheets B.

[0103] Preferably, the actuator 106 of the actuating device 104 is pivotally connected to the at least one electrode unit 88. A corresponding first joint 121 is preferably arranged at a distance from the pivot axis 114 and more preferably closer to the active side 107 of the electrode unit 88 than the pivot axis 114. The at least one actuator 106 of the at least one actuating device 104 is preferably designed as a pneumatic cylinder 106 and / or as a hydraulic cylinder 106 and / or as an electric drive 106 and / or as a linear drive 106. The actuator 106 is preferably connected to a bearing element 111 via a second joint 122.The at least one actuator 106 is preferably arranged in such a way that it is connected in an articulated manner to the at least one electrode unit 88 that, at least when the electrode unit is arranged in the working position, a first joint angle 123 deviates from a right angle (90°) by at most 45°, more preferably at most 30° and even more preferably at most 20°, wherein this joint angle 123 is preferably the angle between two straight lines, one of which intersects both the electrode pivot axis E and a pivot axis of the first joint 121 and the other of which intersects both the pivot axis of the first joint 121 and the pivot axis of the second joint 122.

[0104] The bearing element 111 can be arranged in a stationary manner. However, the bearing element is preferably designed to be movable. For example, the bearing element 111 is designed as a sliding block 111 movable in a guide 109. The at least one actuator 106 is therefore preferably arranged in an articulated manner on a sliding block 111, which is arranged to be movable along a guide 109. To hold the electrode unit 88 in the working position, the sliding block 111 is preferably held in a first holding position by means of the at least one first holding element 102. To hold the electrode unit 88 in the storage position, the sliding block 111 is preferably held in a second holding position by means of the at least one second holding element 103.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the actuator 104 is switchable between three provided configurations. A first of these configurations is an operating configuration. (This is also shown, for example, in Fig. 13.) A second of these configurations is a maintenance configuration. (This is also shown, for example, in Fig. 15.) A third of these configurations is an alternate configuration. (This is also shown, for example, in Fig. 14.)

[0106] The actuating device 104 is preferably arranged in the operating configuration, particularly during a scheduled printing operation of the sheet-fed rotary printing press. In this operating configuration, the at least one electrode unit 88 is arranged in its working position, the actuator 106 is preferably arranged in a retracted state, and the at least one sliding block 111 is preferably arranged in its first holding position by means of the at least one first holding element 102. Due to the inherently rigid actuator 106 and the action of the first holding element 102, the electrode unit 88 is firmly held in its working position under normal operating conditions.

[0107] The actuator 106 can be extended, particularly for maintenance purposes. In doing so, the actuator 106 is supported, in particular, via the sliding block 111, on a stationary component. This pivots the electrode unit 88 into the storage position. The active side 107 of the electrode unit 88 can thus be made accessible, particularly if a corresponding guard on the housing of the sheet-fed rotary printing press is opened. The actuating device 104 is then in its maintenance configuration. The actuator 106 can then be retracted again. The first holding element 102 is designed such that the forces occurring during operation cannot move the sliding block 111, and it remains in its position. Contracting the actuator 106 then causes the electrode unit 88 to pivot back into the working position. The actuating device 104 is then back in its operating configuration.

[0108] In its working position, the electrode unit 88 is arranged at a relatively short distance from the impression cylinder 34; 61. If material of excessive thickness is dragged along with the impression cylinder 34; 61, this could damage the electrode unit 88 if it remained in place. The actuating device 104 is therefore designed to allow passive deflection of the electrode unit 88. As soon as a force is exerted on the electrode unit 88 such that an deflection force K of a corresponding magnitude acts, the electrode unit 88 performs a pivoting movement into the storage position. To do so, it pulls on the actuator 106, which transmits this pulling movement to the sliding block 111. Since the deflection force K exceeds the first threshold value, the latter overcomes the holding force of the first holding element 102. The sliding block 111 moves into the second holding position, while the electrode unit 88 moves into the storage position. The actuator 106 remains in its retracted state.The actuator 104 is now in its alternative configuration.

[0109] In order to return the actuating device 104 to its operating configuration and thus the electrode unit 88 to its working position, the actuator 106 is first extended. The end of the actuator 106 located on the electrode unit 88 can no longer deflect, and the force exerted by the actuator 106 therefore moves the sliding block 111 along the guide 109 into the first holding position, overcoming the second holding device 103 and, if applicable, also the first holding device 120. The actuating device 104 is then initially in its maintenance configuration and can be returned to the operating configuration from this configuration as previously described.

[0110] Preferably, at least one position sensor 124 is arranged. This position sensor 124 serves in particular to check whether the electrode unit 88 is in its working position or not. For example, the at least one position sensor 124 is designed as a proximity switch 124. Any type of proximity switch 124 is suitable, in particular inductive, capacitive, magnetic and optical proximity switches as well as light barriers and / or ultrasonic sensors. For example, a test body 126 is arranged, the detection of which by the position sensor 124 provides information about the position of the electrode unit 88. The test body 126 is preferably arranged so as to be adjustable and is designed, for example, as a threaded pin 126. The at least one position sensor 124 is preferably connected to the higher-level machine control system via circuitry.If the position sensor 124 detects an evasive movement of the electrode unit 88 when the sheet travel is activated, the machine control can cause the sheet-fed rotary printing press to stop.

[0111] List of reference symbols

[0112] 01 Substrate feeder, sheet feeder

[0113] 02 Conveyor line, belt table, suction belt table

[0114] 03 Plant equipment, sheet system

[0115] 04 Bow accelerator, swing gripper

[0116] 05 Processing stage, coating unit, printing unit, first

[0117] 06 Processing stage, coating unit, printing unit

[0118] 07 Processing stage, coating plant, varnishing plant

[0119] 08 Substrate discharge device, sheet delivery

[0120] 09 Printing material containers, sheet stacks

[0121] 10 Pick-up device, stacking plate

[0122] 11 Means of transport

[0123] 12 sheet separating device, separating vacuum cleaner

[0124] 13 sheet transport elements, transport suction cups

[0125] 14 Separating device, sheet separator

[0126] 15 Sheet transport direction

[0127] 16 stop elements, front stops

[0128] 17 Arched flap

[0129] 18 valve shaft

[0130] 19 - 0 Roller, drive roller 1 Roller, deflection roller 2 Conveyor surface, table plate 3 Conveyor surface, suction box 4 Conveyor belt, suction belt 5 Timing roller 6 Feed table, feed plate 7 Stop, front stop, front lays Transfer drum, feed drum

[0131] printing unit superstructure, module, first, superstructure module

[0132] printing unit substructure, module, second, substructure module, substructure

[0133] Printing cylinder, forme cylinder, plate cylinder

[0134] Printing cylinder, transfer cylinder, blanket cylinder

[0135] cylinder, printing cylinder, impression cylinder, impression cylinder,

[0136] Rotational transport body

[0137] transfer drum, transfer drum, transfer

[0138] Printing cylinder, impression cylinder, impression cylinder

[0139] Channel, clamping and / or tensioning channel

[0140] Fasteners, clamping and / or tensioning devices

[0141] Channel, clamping and / or tensioning channel

[0142] Fastening devices, tensioning and / or clamping devices

[0143] Plate changing device

[0144] Inking unit, ductor inking unit, short inking unit, film inking unit

[0145] Paint supply, paint box

[0146] Ink pickup roller, ink fountain roller

[0147] inking rollers first inking roller

[0148] Ductor roller, paint lifter

[0149] Ink rollers, positively driven

[0150] Friction-driven inking rollers

[0151] ink application rollers

[0152] dampening system

[0153] dampening roller

[0154] Direction of rotation of the forme cylinder

[0155] Bridge roller

[0156] Pressure zone, pressure point, pressure gap cylinder channel

[0157] Gripper system of the printing cylinder 34

[0158] Arch support elements, drum caps

[0159] Gripper system of the transfer drum 35

[0160] Air cushion guide

[0161] cylinder, printing cylinder, impression cylinder, impression cylinder,

[0162] Rotational transport body

[0163] Paint shop superstructure, superstructure module of the paint shop

[0164] Coating cylinder, coating forme cylinder

[0165] Fastening system, clamping and / or tensioning system

[0166] Application system, chamber doctor blade system

[0167] inking roller, anilox roller

[0168] Doctor blade, chamber doctor blade

[0169] Drying facility

[0170] Chain conveyor system

[0171] gripping device, gripper trolley

[0172] Display stack, product containers

[0173] sprocket

[0174] Chain

[0175] guideway

[0176] Transport base, pallet

[0177] Tension pulley

[0178] Turning device

[0179] Sheet guide cylinder, transfer drum

[0180] Sheet guide cylinder, storage drum

[0181] Sheet guide cylinder, turning drum

[0182] Turning gripper system

[0183] Sheet holding system, gripper system Sheet holding system, suction system

[0184] Charging device

[0185] lateral surface (34; 61)

[0186] Electrode unit

[0187] Charge core zone, area

[0188] Cylinder bales (34; 62)

[0189] Cylinder surface (34; 62)

[0190] electrode

[0191] distance, minimum, first

[0192] distance, minimal, second

[0193] Inspection system

[0194] Inspection zone

[0195] camera

[0196] handover point

[0197] Holding element, first, locking element, mechanical

[0198] Holding element, second, locking element, mechanical

[0199] Adjusting device

[0200] Actuator, actuator, linear actuator, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric

[0201] Effective side (88)

[0202] Needle (93)

[0203] guide

[0204] Bearing element, sliding block 112 carbon brush

[0205] 113 Earthing device

[0206] 114 Swivel axis

[0207] 115

[0208] 116 lever arm

[0209] 117 Spring element

[0210] 118 Slip ring

[0211] 119 Housings (88)

[0212] 120

[0213] 121 Joint, first

[0214] 122 Joint, second

[0215] 123 Joint angle, first

[0216] 124 Position sensor, proximity switch

[0217] 125

[0218] 126 test specimen, threaded pin

[0219] B Substrate, printing material, sheet

[0220] E Electrode swivel axis

[0221] F force, return force

[0222] K force, evasive force

[0223] R Rotation direction

Claims

Claims 1. Sheet-fed rotary printing press, wherein the sheet-fed rotary printing press has at least one coating unit (05; 06; 07) which has at least one impression cylinder (34; 61) and at least one coating unit connected to the impression cylinder (34; 61) has a further cylinder (33; 63) forming a contact zone (55), and wherein the coating unit (05; 06; 07) has at least one charging device (86) for electrostatically fixing sheets (B) to the impression cylinder (34; 61), which has at least one electrode unit (88) aligned and / or alignable with a lateral surface (87) of the impression cylinder (34; 61), and wherein a charge core zone (89) is a region (89) of a cylinder barrel (91) of the impression cylinder (34; 61) enveloping cylinder jacket surface (92) and wherein the charge core zone (89) is arranged after the contact zone (55) and before a transfer point (101) leading away from the impression cylinder (34; 61), as seen in the direction of rotation (R) of the impression cylinder (34; 61), characterized in that at least one electrode (93) of the at least one electrode unit (88) has a minimum first distance (94) from the impression cylinder (34; 61), which distance is at least 4 mm and at most 13 mm, and in that the at least one electrode (93) of the at least one electrode unit (88) has a minimum second distance (96) from the further cylinder (33; 63), which distance is at least 4 mm and at most 35 mm.

2. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one inspection system (97) is assigned to the coating unit (05; 06; 07), which inspection system has a camera (99) aligned with an inspection zone (98) assigned to the impression cylinder (34; 61), and in that the inspection zone (98), viewed in the direction of rotation (R) of the impression cylinder (34; 61), is arranged after the contact zone (55) and before the contact zone (55) formed by the impression cylinder (34; 61) away from the transfer point (101).

3. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 2, characterized in that the charge core zone (89) is arranged in front of the inspection zone (98) as seen in the direction of rotation (R) of the impression cylinder (34; 61).

4. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the minimum first distance (94) is at least 5 mm and / or at least 7 mm and / or at least 9 mm.

5. Sheet-fed rotary printing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the minimum first distance (94) is at most 12 mm and / or at most 11 mm.

6. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the minimum second distance (96) is at least 5 mm and / or at least 7 mm and / or at least 9 mm.

7. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the minimum second distance (96) is at most 30 mm and / or at most 20 mm and / or at most 15 mm and / or at most 12 mm.

8. Sheet-fed rotary printing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized in that an operationally applied and / or applicable working voltage of the electrode unit (88) is at least 2 kV.

9. Sheet-fed rotary printing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that an operationally applied and / or the applicable working voltage of the electrode unit (88) is at most 20 kV.

10. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one charging device (86) is connected by circuitry to a higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press.

11. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 8 or 9 or 10, characterized in that the at least one charging device (86) is connected in circuitry to the higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press in such a way that the operating voltage provided for operational purposes is applied to the at least one electrode (93) only when the sheet travel is activated.

12. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the at least one charging device (86) is connected in circuitry to the higher-level machine control of the sheet-fed rotary printing press in such a way that settings relating to this charging device (86) can be made via an operating element of the sheet-fed rotary printing press.

13. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 12, characterized in that the operating element of the sheet-fed rotary printing press is designed as a machine control station and / or touch-sensitive display device.

14. Sheet-fed rotary printing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13, characterized in that the impression cylinder (34; 61) is provided with at least one carbon brush (112) is grounded.

15. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14, characterized in that the at least one electrode unit (88) is arranged to be movable between at least two positions and that one of the at least two positions is a working position and another of the at least two positions is a storage position and that at least one first holding element (102) is arranged to hold the electrode unit (88) in the working position.

16. Sheet-fed rotary printing press according to claim 15, characterized in that an evasive force (K) is to be understood as a force (K) which is exerted directly or indirectly by the at least one electrode unit (88) on said at least one first holding element (102) and that the at least one first holding element (102) only permits a movement of the at least one electrode unit (88) out of the working position caused by such an evasive force if said evasive force exceeds a first threshold value.

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