Electrified construction and / or material handling machine, in particular crane

Abstract

The present invention comprises an electrified construction and / or material handling machine (1), in particular a crane (2), with electric drives for driving working assemblies, an electric energy store (10) for supplying the electric drives (7) with power, and a charging device (11) for recharging the energy store (10), wherein the charging device (11) has various charging interfaces for charging the energy store (10) from various power supplies comprising at least one machine-integrated power generator (13) and an external power supply (9).

Description

[0001] Electrified construction and / or material handling machine, in particular crane

[0002] The present invention relates to electric construction and / or material handling machines, in particular a crane, with electric drives for driving working units, an electric energy storage device for supplying the electric drives with power and a charging device for recharging the energy storage device.

[0003] Various construction and material handling machines such as cranes are already fully electric, while for other types of construction machinery, the conversion from the previously predominant diesel-electric drive concept, in which a generator powered by an internal combustion engine supplies the electric drives, to fully electric operation is still underway. For example, cranes such as tower cranes are already fully electric, and the cranes can be connected to an external mains supply on the construction site that is suitable for crane operation and provides, for example, current and voltage in the range of 400V, 32A, or 63A, usually three-phase. The electric drive of a main working unit, such as the hoist drive for operating the hoist rope or the winch, is supplied from such a power network.load hook of a crane, or the electric drive of other core work units that fulfil the core functions of the respective construction machine, are supplied with electrical power, for example the luffing gear drive for luffing the boom of a crane or a rope excavator up and down, or the slewing gear drive for pivoting the crane or excavator boom around an upright axis of rotation or the pump drive of a concrete pump.

[0004] However, if a power grid is not available at remote construction sites, or if the power grid available at the site does not have sufficient power, it is difficult to ensure CO2-free operation of the construction and / or material handling machine. In the absence of a sufficiently powerful power grid on the construction site, a diesel generator is usually provided to generate voltage. However, in addition to the unavoidable CO2 emissions, this also causes greater noise pollution and suffers from low energy efficiency. To absorb peak loads, for example when heavy loads have to be lifted, the diesel generator must deliver sufficiently high power. This power is oversized or not required when the construction machine is idling or when performing adjustment movements with low loads, such as when a crane's load hook is being moved empty.The operation of such a diesel generator results in higher CO2 emissions and corresponding noise pollution.

[0005] In this respect, it has already been proposed to equip construction and / or material handling machines with an electrical energy storage system to cushion load peaks by drawing power from the battery. Recuperative energy generation is also already being used to charge the energy storage system when machine operation releases kinetic energy, such as when braking a drive or the gravity-driven lowering of a load on the load hook. Examples of electrified construction and / or material handling machines are shown in DE 20 2015 008 403 U1, DE 10 2021 102 706 A1, and EP 33 50 111 B1.

[0006] The present invention is based on the object of creating an improved electrified construction and / or material handling machine of the aforementioned type, in particular an improved crane, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and advantageously develops the latter. In particular, the aim is to enable operation in locations without adequate power grids that is as CO2-free or low in CO2 emissions and energy-self-sufficient as possible, while efficiently utilizing available energy sources without placing special demands on the infrastructure of the construction site or workplace. Noise and exhaust gases should preferably be avoided, especially during working hours, in order to reduce the impact on machine operators, construction workers, and passersby.

[0007] According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by an electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0008] It is therefore proposed to provide an intelligent charging structure that efficiently utilizes available power sources and adapts to the infrastructure available at the installation site. According to the invention, the charging device has various charging interfaces for charging the energy storage device from various power sources, including at least one of the machine's own generators and an external power grid. This allows the energy storage device of the construction and / or material handling machine to be optionally connected to an external power grid and recharged therefrom, or, if such a grid is not available, recharged from the machine's own generator.

[0009] The various charging interfaces mentioned can be adapted to different voltage and / or current levels. In particular, a charging interface can be provided for connection to and recharging from an external power grid that does not inherently provide the energy levels and / or voltage and / or current levels required by the electric drives of the work units.If, for example, the electric drive of a main working unit, such as the hoist drive of a crane, requires a power supply in the range of 400V and / or 32A or 63A and / or a three-phase current, the low-power charging interface mentioned can nevertheless be configured to be connected to an external power grid with, for example, only 230V and 16A or 400V at only 16A and to recharge the energy storage device from such a "weak" power grid, which is in itself too weak to supply the working units of the machine itself, but is perfectly sufficient to recharge the energy storage device.

[0010] Advantageously, however, the charging device can also have, alternatively or in addition to such a low-power charging interface, a fast charging interface for connection to a more powerful power grid with, for example, 32A or 63A, so that the charging device can also recharge the energy storage device from such a more powerful power grid.

[0011] If such a more powerful external grid is available, the construction and / or material handling machine, i.e., its working units, can also be operated directly from the grid without the working units having to be powered from the machine's own energy storage system. This may nevertheless be the case, for example, to cushion power peaks. The charging or energy control device can be designed to use the power coming from the external grid to operate the working units and, if necessary, to charge the energy storage system, and to switch off the power supply to the working units from the energy storage system or limit it to short time windows during peak loads.

[0012] However, if no external power supply is available or if such a supply is insufficient, the energy storage device can also be recharged using the machine's own generator. In a further development of the invention, the construction and / or material handling machine can be equipped with an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, to drive the generator. This enables autonomous machine operation even in locations without a power grid.

[0013] Advantageously, however, the combustion engine for driving the machine's own generator is intelligently controlled by a charging control device, in particular depending on the charging state and / or demand of the energy storage device, in order to reduce noise and / or exhaust gases and / or to shift them to phases that place less strain on machine operators, workers and passers-by.

[0014] Advantageously, said charging control device can be designed to operate the combustion engine only when charging from an external power grid is not possible or insufficient.

[0015] Alternatively or additionally, the charging control device can also operate the combustion engine only when the charge level or demand of the energy storage device actually requires it. In particular, the combustion engine can be started automatically if, for example, a peak load requires it or the charge level of the energy storage device is insufficient for a job to be performed, for example, because a large load needs to be lifted.

[0016] Advantageously, the charging control device can also take into account external information, for example from a construction site control computer or a so-called BIM, i.e. a construction site information model, in particular in such a way that the current charge state of the energy storage device is compared with the energy requirement of an upcoming or future work process and a charging process is started, for example the combustion engine is started, in order to charge the energy storage device in time and to recharge it sufficiently for the upcoming job.

[0017] Alternatively or additionally, the charging control device can also postpone the charging process, for example, the operation of the combustion engine, to a less disruptive time when fewer workers are on site or noise pollution in the neighborhood is perceived as less disturbing. For example, the charging control device can operate depending on the time of day.

[0018] In particular, the charging control device can be configured to operate the internal combustion engine for driving the machine's own generator only for a limited time in the rated power range or within a limited window around the rated power range, in which the internal combustion engine exhibits relatively low consumption or a favorable consumption-to-power ratio and / or exhibits favorable exhaust emissions. Unlike the previous use of diesel generators, which run in idle mode throughout the entire machine operation or workday, with the exception of brief load peaks when heavy loads are moved, intermittent operation in the rated power range can achieve significantly more efficient charging of the energy storage device with less noise and exhaust emissions.

[0019] The charging control device can detect the charging state of the energy storage device by means of a charging state sensor and control the charging process depending on the detected charging state, for example starting the combustion engine to operate the machine's own generator, wherein the charging control device can advantageously also take into account the charging requirement of the battery for future operating phases, for example based on information from a construction site control computer and / or from a BIM and / or a work planning device that provides future jobs of the machine and / or energy requirement information for future operation.

[0020] In a further development of the invention, the charging device can also have other charging interfaces, for example for connecting to and charging from fuel cells or solar panels, wherein the respective charging interface is adapted to the energy supply characteristics, in particular the voltage and / or current level, of the respective energy supply.

[0021] In an advantageous development of the invention, the charging control device can provide automated switching between the various charging interfaces, in particular depending on the energy supply power available at the various charging interfaces and / or the respective state of charge and / or charging requirement of the energy storage device. Advantageously, the charging control device can be configured to recharge primarily from a locally emission-free charging interface, such as the grid supply interface, and to switch on the combustion engine to operate the machine's own generator only when needed.

[0022] The energy storage unit can be permanently installed in the construction and / or material handling machine. Alternatively, a removable energy storage unit can also be provided.

[0023] Regardless of whether the energy storage device is permanently installed or replaceable, the storage connection point to which the energy storage device is connected can advantageously be intelligently designed, for example, by having a sensor system or being connectable to a sensor system that can detect the charge level of the energy storage device. Alternatively or additionally, the storage interface can have a communication device to transmit information about the connected energy storage device, for example, the storage type and / or the charge level, to the charging control device.

[0024] The storage interface can, for example, have a communication device that can communicate with the charging control device wirelessly, for example via radio or light signals, or also via cable.

[0025] The charging control device can provide charging intervals that are relatively short compared to machine operation, for example, totaling less than 50% or less than 30% of the machine operating time. Individual intervals can be, for example, shorter than 40%, shorter than 30%, or shorter than 20% of the machine operating time. The stated machine operating time can, for example, be the machine's daily working time. For example, if a crane such as a tower crane is used on a construction site for four hours a day, charging intervals of less than three hours, less than two hours, or less than one hour can be provided.

[0026] Advantageously, the charging device can have one or more charging interfaces configured to be connected to an external voltage supply and to charge the energy storage device therefrom, which are single-phase or multi-phase and / or provide direct current or alternating current and / or provide different voltage levels. The respective charging interface and / or the charging device can be configured to adapt the power received from the connected, external voltage supply to the battery storage device, for example, to convert a multi-phase current into a single-phase current and / or to convert alternating current into direct current or to perform other current-directing or converting functions that make the received power suitable for the energy storage device.

[0027] In an advantageous development of the invention, the energy storage device can be directly and / or fully integrated into the power supply of the electric drives of the working units, so that the respective electric drive can operate directly from the direct current supply of the energy storage device. In particular, direct direct current connections can be provided between the energy storage device and the electric drives, and / or the need for AC or rectifier power modules can be eliminated.

[0028] In particular, the energy storage device can be connected to the electric drives in such a way that the direct voltage of the energy storage device does not first have to be converted into an alternating voltage, which then has to be converted back into a direct voltage or direct current by the power electronics of the construction and / or material handling machine and, if necessary, temporarily stored in the power electronics, for example via frequency converters, phase control modules or other converters or rectifiers, in order to then, for example by means of a frequency converter, generate an alternating voltage, which is usually three-phase, in order to control a continuously variable speed drive.

[0029] The energy storage device can be integrated into the power supply system of the electric drives in such a way that the direct voltage provided by the energy storage device can be made available to the electric drives of the work units without conversion via inverters and / or rectifiers. The aforementioned machine-internal generator and / or another machine-internal generator does not necessarily have to be driven by the aforementioned combustion engine in order to generate charging current, but can also be connected to a moving machine element and / or a drive train of the construction and / or material handling machine in order to convert kinetic energy of the machine element and / or the drive train into electricity in generator mode, for example to recover energy during braking or lowering movements of a load, which can be used to recharge the energy storage device.

[0030] For example, the generator can simultaneously form an electric motor for driving a working unit, which can provide energy through recuperation during braking and / or towing operation and can make it available for recharging the energy storage device.

[0031] For example, the generator mentioned can be assigned to a lifting gear of the crane in order to be driven in generator mode when a load is lowered onto the crane's load hook and to generate electricity which is then used to recharge the energy storage device.

[0032] In particular, the generator can also be assigned to a traction drive of the construction and / or material handling machine in order to return energy to the electrical energy storage system through recuperation during downhill travel or braking. If the generator is assigned to the traction drive, the generator can also provide motor support for the traction drive or be designed for autonomous operation of the traction drive.

[0033] Advantageously, such a recuperatively operating generator can be provided in an undercarriage of the construction and / or material handling machine, which undercarriage has a chassis for moving the construction and / or material handling machine and / or a travel drive for moving the construction and / or material handling machine, so that the generator can be driven by travel movements of the construction and / or material handling machine or can generate energy through recuperation in order to recharge the energy storage device.

[0034] If the construction and / or material handling machine has a movable undercarriage and a superstructure mounted on it, the superstructure and undercarriage can have separate power supply systems and / or separate energy storage systems. For example, an electrical energy storage unit can be provided on the undercarriage and an electrical energy storage unit on the superstructure to power the working units on the undercarriage and the working units on the superstructure, respectively.

[0035] In an advantageous development of the invention, the energy storage systems and / or the energy supply systems on the undercarriage, on the one hand, and on the superstructure, on the other hand, can be bidirectionally connected to one another in order to be able to conduct electrical energy from the undercarriage to the superstructure and vice versa. In particular, energy can be conducted from a generator on the undercarriage to an energy storage device on the superstructure and / or energy from the energy storage device on the superstructure to a motor on the undercarriage. Alternatively or additionally, energy can be conducted from a generator on the superstructure to an energy storage device on the undercarriage and / or energy from an energy storage device on the undercarriage to a motor on the superstructure.

[0036] The invention is explained in more detail below using a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0037] Fig. 1: a side view of a construction and / or material handling machine in the form of a mobile crane according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, wherein a diesel generator, an energy storage device, at least one mains connection and a construction site power distributor are provided on the machine side, Fig. 2: a side view of the mobile crane from Fig. 1 in an operating mode in which the electric drives of the mobile crane are fed via the mains connection of the mobile crane,

[0038] Fig. 3: a side view of the mobile crane from the previous figures in an operating mode in which the machine's own diesel generator supplies the construction site power distribution board

[0039] Fig. 4: a side view of the mobile crane from the previous figures in an operating mode in which the electric drives of the mobile crane's working units and, if applicable, the machine-side construction power distribution board are fed from the mobile crane's energy storage unit,

[0040] Fig. 5: a side view of the mobile crane from the previous figures in an operating mode in which the electric drives of the mobile crane's working units are powered by the mobile crane's energy storage unit and, in parallel, the energy storage unit is recharged from the external construction site power grid,

[0041] Fig. 6: a side view of the mobile crane from the previous figures in an operating mode in which the electric drives of the working units of the mobile crane are fed from the electrical energy storage unit and the said energy storage unit is recharged from the diesel generator, and

[0042] Fig. 7: a side view of the mobile crane from the previous figures in an operating mode in which the electric drives of the working units are supplied from the energy storage unit and the energy storage unit is recharged from an external power grid and the machine's own power generator.

[0043] As the figures show, the construction and / or material handling machine 1 can be designed as a crane 2, for example in the form of a mobile crane, but also in the form of other cranes such as a tower crane, or also in the form of another construction machine such as a cable excavator or a piling and / or drilling rig or a concrete pump.

[0044] As the figures further show, the construction and / or material handling machine 1 can have an undercarriage 3 with a chassis 4, which can be multi-axle and can advantageously have a travel drive in order to be able to move the machine on the construction site and / or in road operation.

[0045] Said undercarriage 3 can carry an uppercarriage 5 which can be pivoted about an upright axis by a slewing gear and, in the case of a crane 2, can carry a boom 6 from which, in a conventional manner, a hoist rope can run, carrying a load hook and adjustable by a hoist drive. In the case of a telescopic boom crane, the boom 6 can be pivoted about a horizontal luffing axis and can be luffed up and down by a luffing gear. In the case of a mobile fast-erecting crane, the boom 6 can also be mounted on a tower which can be erected on the uppercarriage 5. Depending on the crane design, a trolley can be moved along the boom 6 in order to lower the hoist rope to different radii.

[0046] The construction and / or material handling machine 1 comprises several electric drives for driving its working units, including the main working unit. If necessary, the travel drive of the undercarriage 3 may also have an electric drive. In particular, electric drives can be provided for the aforementioned slewing gear for rotating the superstructure 5, then for the aforementioned lifting gear for raising and lowering the load hook, and, if necessary, for the luffing gear for raising and lowering the boom, and for the trolley drive for moving the trolley.

[0047] As Figure 2 shows, the aforementioned electric drives 7 can be supplied in a conventional manner from an external power supply, in particular via a mains connection 8 at the construction site. For this purpose, the construction and / or material handling machine 1 comprises a mains connection 8, via which the construction or material handling machine 1 can be connected to an external power grid 9.

[0048] In addition to such mains operation, the construction and / or material handling machine 1 can also be operated electrically from an energy storage device 10, wherein the said energy storage device 10 can supply the aforementioned electric drives 7 of the aforementioned working units such as slewing gear, hoisting gear, luffing gear and trolley chassis.

[0049] The aforementioned energy storage device 10 is advantageously designed to supply the complete working power of the construction and / or material handling machine 1 during normal operation, without the need for additional energy sources such as the external power grid 9 that can be connected to the power supply 8. The aforementioned energy storage device 10 can, in particular, also provide the peak and continuous power of the machine without requiring additional energy sources.

[0050] The crane 2 or the construction and / or material handling machine 1 can operate independently electrically without emissions thanks to the energy storage system and without the need for a power grid, see Fig. 4.

[0051] The energy storage device 10 mentioned can be designed in the form of a rechargeable battery or an arrangement of several batteries, whereby additional storage components such as capacitors or double-layer capacitors can also be provided if necessary in order to be able to store regenerated power for a short time and to a large extent. However, a battery alone can also be provided as the energy storage device 10.

[0052] In order to be able to recharge the energy storage device 10 with electrical energy, the construction and / or material handling machine 1 has a charging device 11, which advantageously has various charging interfaces 12 for charging the energy storage device 10 from different power supplies, wherein at least one charging interface 12a is provided for charging the energy storage device from an external power grid and at least one further charging interface 12b is provided for charging the energy storage device 10 from a machine-internal power generator or generator 13.

[0053] The said machine-owned power generator 13 can comprise a diesel power unit or a generator 14 which can be driven by an internal combustion engine 15, for example a diesel engine.

[0054] Advantageously, the machine's own power generator 13 can also be designed to take over the supply of the machine's electrical drives 7 when the energy storage device 10 is empty or damaged, thus ensuring machine operation without a mains supply and without an energy storage device, see Fig. 3.

[0055] A charging control device 16 controls the charging process depending on a charging state and / or charging requirement of the energy storage device 10, wherein the charging state of the energy storage device 10 can be detected by a sensor system 17 and reported to the charging control device 16. The charging requirement, for example in order to be able to process a future lifting task of the crane 2 from the energy storage device 10, can be provided, for example, by a planning module 17 that can communicate, for example, by means of a suitable communication device with a construction site control computer or a BIM, i.e., a Building Information Model, and can query or receive data for tasks to be performed there. The planning module 17 can be part of the charging control device 16.

[0056] The charging control device 16 can comprise an electronic computer unit, for example, with a microprocessor and a program memory in which program routines to be executed can be stored, for example, in the form of loadable software. The charging control device 16 can switch between the various charging interfaces 12 or enable and / or disable individual charging interfaces in order to control the charging process.

[0057] In particular, the said charging control device 16 can also control the machine's own power generator 13, in particular its combustion engine 15.

[0058] As Figures 5 to 7 show, the different charging interfaces 12 can be used for different charging strategies.

[0059] For example, the charging control device 16 can be designed to operate the internal combustion engine 15 in charging intervals in a rated power range and / or a power range in which the power-to-fuel consumption ratio is maximum.

[0060] In this case, the charging control device 16 can only operate the machine's own power generator 13 intermittently, whereby charging intervals in which the machine's own power generator 13 is in operation can be significantly shorter than non-charging intervals in which the machine's own power generator 13 is switched off.

[0061] For example, the charging intervals may, in total, amount to less than 50% or less than 30% of the machine operating time and / or, individually, may amount to less than 30% or less than 20% of the machine operating time.

[0062] Advantageously, the charging control device 16 can operate the recharging of the energy storage device 10 primarily via the charging interface 12b, to which the external power grid 9 can be connected, and can operate recharging via the recharging interface 12a, to which the machine's own power generator 13 can be connected, only secondarily, in particular only when no or sufficient power can be obtained via the charging interface 12b for the external power grid 9 in order to achieve overall low-emission and low-noise operation.

[0063] The charging interface 12b for recharging from the external power grid 9 can be designed to allow recharging from a weaker power grid 9, the power of which is below the power requirement of the working units of the construction and / or material handling machine and / or provides current and / or voltage levels that are below the current and / or voltage levels required by the working units.

[0064] For example, the charging interface 12b can carry out recharging processes with 230 volts and 16 amps or 400 volts and 16 amps.

[0065] Independently of this, at least one further charging interface 12c, d can also be provided for charging the energy storage device 10 from a solar panel and / or from a fuel cell, and / or a charging interface for recharging from a direct current source can be provided.

[0066] In order to operate efficiently, the energy storage device 10 can be integrated directly into the energy supply of the electric drives 7 of the working units and / or integrated into the power supply device of the electric drives 7 in such a way that the direct voltage provided by the energy storage device 10 can be provided to the electric drives 7 or their power electronics without prior conversion via inverters and / or rectifiers.

[0067] Advantageously, the or another machine-owned power generator 13 for recuperative energy generation can be connected or coupled to a movable machine element and / or a drive train of the construction and / or material handling machine, wherein the charging device 11 can be designed to recharge the energy storage device 10 with the recuperatively obtained power, if necessary with intermediate storage in an intermediate storage device.

[0068] The electrified construction and / or material handling machine 1 can have an undercarriage 3 with a chassis 4 and an electric travel drive 7a, as well as an uppercarriage 5, which can be designed as a rotating platform or can be mounted on the undercarriage 3 so as to be rotatable about an upright axis of rotation and can have the aforementioned electric drives 7 for driving work units, cf. Fig. 1. A bidirectional connection can be provided between the electrical devices of the undercarriage 3 and the electrical devices of the uppercarriage 5 for transmitting energy from the uppercarriage 5 to the undercarriage 3 and vice versa from the undercarriage 3 to the uppercarriage 5.

[0069] In particular, the energy storage device 10 can provide power to electric drives 7 in both the undercarriage 3 and the superstructure 5 via the aforementioned bidirectional connection 21 and / or can receive energy recovered from both the undercarriage and the superstructure

[0070] Crane 2 can be a mobile, rapid-erecting crane capable of serving multiple construction sites daily. In addition to the external power supplies that can be used for crane operation, e.g., 400V, 3-phase, 32A, or 63A, CO2-free crane operation is still possible thanks to the intelligent battery-Z-battery unit 10, even if these are not available or the external power supply is insufficient.

[0071] The battery pack 13 allows the crane 2 to operate autonomously without any external power supply, for example, for one or more days depending on its energy capacity. The battery 10 can be optimally recharged via the built-in power pack 13, allowing the combustion engine 15 to run at its optimal rated power range for only a short time per day, thus ensuring low fuel consumption and optimal exhaust emissions due to operation within the rated load range. Unlike previous applications, it does not have to run idle during the entire crane operation, with the exception of brief load peaks when the load is being moved.

[0072] Recharging is preferably initiated automatically through intelligent communication between the crane and the battery unit 10 via a "Battery Ready" interface, which in turn enables simplified operation and uninterrupted crane work. The battery unit 10 can be mounted as a portable unit with a small energy capacity (for example, as a payload on the equipment carrier) or permanently installed on the crane 2 with a larger energy capacity. The "Battery Ready" interface can be implemented via radio, light signal, or cable. In addition to recharging the battery 10 via the power unit 13, recharging via an external power supply 9 is also possible, using single-phase, multi-phase, or DC charging, as well as rapid charging.

[0073] The battery pack 10 is capable of delivering the peak and continuous power of crane 2 without the need for additional power sources. The recharging capability of battery 10 allows it to be recharged using a significantly lower power supply, e.g., 230V, 16A or 400V, 16A instead of 32A or 63A.

[0074] This recharging is also possible in parallel with crane operation.

[0075] Recharging can also be done using modern energy sources such as fuel cells or solar panels. Especially in inner-city areas, energy sources larger than 32A are often unavailable, and long lines must be laid to operate the crane.

[0076] Advantageously, the battery 10 can be fully integrated into the control concept, meaning that the crane 2 operates directly from the battery's DC power supply. This has the advantage that the battery's DC voltage does not first have to be converted into a 400V AC voltage, which is then temporarily stored in the crane's power section (e.g., frequency converter, phase control, etc.) as a DC voltage. From this voltage, the frequency converter, for example, generates an AC voltage (usually three-phase) to control a continuously variable speed drive.

[0077] Independently of this, an electric motor 7a, which can also operate as a generator, or a generator, which can also operate as a motor, can be installed in the undercarriage 3 of the mobile crane 2. This preferably serves to support the travel drive or to operate the travel drive independently. During downhill travel or braking, the energy can be recovered and fed back into a dedicated storage system.

[0078] The energy storage systems of the undercarriage 3 and the crane superstructure 5 are preferably combined in a bidirectional system so that the energy storage unit(s) 10 or energy sources complement each other ideally during road travel or crane operation.

[0079] The energy storage system can be recharged during road travel or when stationary using the generator integrated in the undercarriage 3 or on the construction site using an external power supply.

Claims

Claims Electrified construction and / or material handling machine, in particular a crane, with electric drives (7) for driving work units, an electrical energy storage device (10) for supplying the electrical drives (7) with power, and a charging device (11) for recharging the energy storage device (10), characterized in that the charging device (11) has various charging interfaces (12) for charging the energy storage device (10) from various power supplies, comprising at least one machine-internal power generator (13) and an external power grid (9). Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the machine-internal power generator (13) comprises an internal combustion engine (15), wherein a charging control device (16) is provided for controlling the internal combustion engine (15) depending on the charge state and / or a charging requirement of the energy storage device (10).Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the charging control device (16) is designed to. to operate the combustion engine (15) during charging intervals in a rated power range and / or a power range in which the power-to-fuel consumption ratio is maximum. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the charging control device (16) is designed to operate the machine's own power generator (13) only intermittently, wherein charging intervals in which the machine's own power generator (13) is in operation are shorter, relative to the machine operating time of the construction and / or material handling machine, than non-charging intervals in which the machine's own power generator (13) is switched off. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the charging intervals, viewed in total, amount to less than 50% or less than 30% of the machine operating time and / or viewed individually, amount to less than 30% or less than 20% of the machine operating time.Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, wherein the charging control device (16) is designed to operate the recharging of the energy storage device (10) primarily via the charging interface (12b), to which the external power grid (9) can be connected, and to operate recharging via the recharging interface (12a), to which the machine's own power generator (13) can be connected, only secondarily, in particular only when no or sufficient power can be obtained via the charging interface (12b) for the external power grid (9). Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 6, wherein the charging control device (16) is designed to start recharging automatically when needed, even during machine operation. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the charging control device (16) is designed to...is designed to communicate with a construction site control computer and / or a BIM server and to process charging requirement data provided by a planning module (17), which characterize the charging requirements for future jobs of the construction and / or material handling machine, and to control the recharging of the energy storage device (10) depending on the said charging requirement data. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the charging interface (12b) for recharging from the external power grid (9) is designed to allow recharging from a power grid (9) whose power is below the power requirement of the work units of the construction and / or material handling machine and / or provides current and / or voltage levels that are below the current and / or voltage levels required by the work units.Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the charging interface (12b) for recharging from the external power grid (9) is designed to carry out recharging processes with 230 volts and 16 amps or 400 volts and 16 amps. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one further charging interface (12c, d) is provided for charging the energy storage device (10) from a solar panel and / or from a fuel cell. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the charging device (11) has a charging interface (12) for recharging from a direct current source. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage device (10) is permanently installed.Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a storage interface (20) is provided for the detachable, replaceable connection of the or a further energy storage device (10). Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein said storage interface (20) has a sensor interface for connecting a charge state sensor for detecting the charge state of a connected energy storage device (10) and / or a communication interface for communicating charge state and / or energy storage data characterizing the energy storage device and / or its operating state to the charging device (11).Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage device (10) is directly integrated into the energy supply of the electric drives (7) of the working units and / or is incorporated into the power supply device of the electric drives (7) in such a way that the direct voltage provided by the energy storage device (10) can be provided to the electric drives (7) or their power electronics without prior conversion via inverters and / or rectifiers.Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the or a further machine-owned power generator (13) for recuperative energy generation is connected or can be coupled to a movable machine element and / or a drive train of the construction and / or material handling machine, wherein the charging device (11) is designed to recharge the energy storage device (10) with the recuperatively obtained power, optionally with intermediate storage in an intermediate storage device.Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an undercarriage (3) with a chassis (4) and an electric travel drive (7a), and a superstructure (5) which is mounted on the undercarriage (3), in particular rotatable about an upright axis of rotation, and has the aforementioned electric drives (7) for driving work units, wherein between the electrical devices of the undercarriage (3) and the electrical devices of the superstructure (5) there is a bidirectional connection for transmitting energy from. Uppercarriage (5) to the undercarriage (3) and vice versa from the undercarriage (3) to the uppercarriage (5). Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the energy storage device (10) can supply power to electric drives (7) both in the undercarriage (3) and in the uppercarriage (5) via the said bidirectional connection (21) and / or can receive energy recovered both on the undercarriage and on the uppercarriage. Electrified construction and / or material handling machine according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed as a crane (2) and has a boom (6) from which a hoist rope runs, which can be actuated by a hoist, wherein the electric drive (7) of the hoist can be operated from the energy storage device (10).

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