Pluggable energy measuring module

Abstract

One aspect relates to a module (10) for measuring electrical energy. The module comprises a housing (20) and, in the housing, a printed circuit board (30) having electronic components. Plug locations (40) with plug contacts are arranged on the printed circuit board. The plug locations (40) with plug contacts are designed to receive mating parts for the plug contacts (50), which are arranged on an external printed circuit board (60) and with which an electrical contact is established upon insertion into the plug contacts and a mechanical connection is established upon insertion into the plug contacts. The number and arrangement of the plug locations (40) with plug contacts on the printed circuit board are such that the module is securely mechanically fastened by way of the insertable mating parts for the plug contacts.

Description

[0001] Pluggable energy measurement module

[0002] The invention relates to a plug-in energy measurement module for detecting, displaying, and controlling at least one integrated energy quantity and a currently measured power. Without being limited thereto, the invention particularly relates to an energy measurement module for installation in an electric charging unit, where it can detect various electrical parameters and make them available for display and further processing. Simplified assembly of the energy measurement module facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the electric charging unit.

[0003] Energy measurement modules are designed to record at least parts of the current, voltage, active power, and energy typically used to bill electrical energy. They can be implemented as a module of an electrical device to record and transmit the electrical values ​​distributed or consumed there. Furthermore, they can be specially protected against misuse, making the values ​​they provide particularly trustworthy. Certifications exist for this purpose, for example, the certificate according to Directive 2004 / 22 / EC of March 31, 2004, on measuring instruments, also known in technical terms as the "Measuring Instruments Directive" (MID).

[0004] The associated electrical device can be designed as an electrical charging unit, for example, for charging batteries for a fee. It can also be designed as a control cabinet for distributing electrical energy. By using certified energy measuring modules, the remaining circuitry of the electrical device can remain uncertified without compromising the reliability of the measured values. Typically, the electrical device and the energy measuring module are manufactured separately, often by different manufacturers. The energy measuring module is usually mounted in DIN rail or front-mounted housings, with the wiring to the electrical device via cable. The energy measuring module is often installed during assembly, configuration, or maintenance of the electrical device.

[0005] However, installing the energy measurement module requires considerable wiring effort. Various conductors must be looped into the power paths of the electrical devices. This often requires cables with considerable cross-sections, which are correspondingly complex to handle. During a typical installation of the energy measurement module on a construction site, the effort is further increased by the specific on-site conditions. Installation during production also requires considerable assembly effort.

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a technology which reduces the assembly effort when installing the energy measuring module in the electrical device.

[0007] The object is achieved by the features of each of the independent claims. Expedient embodiments and advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0008] Embodiments of the invention, which can be optionally combined with one another, are disclosed below with partial reference to the figures.

[0009] A first aspect relates to a module for measuring electrical energy. The module comprises a housing and a circuit carrier (for example a printed circuit board) arranged in the housing with electronic components. Slots with plug-in contacts are arranged on the circuit carrier. The slots with plug-in contacts can be designed as spring contacts, as tongue contacts, as lamella contacts or as press contacts. The plug-in contacts are designed to be able to receive counterparts to the plug-in contacts. These counterparts to the plug-in contacts can be designed as connection lugs. The counterparts to the plug-in contacts can be arranged on an external circuit carrier (for example an external printed circuit board) in order to be able to establish an electrical contact when inserted into the plug-in contacts (i.e. when inserted), and in order to be able toduring recording) to be able to establish a mechanical connection.

[0010] In one embodiment, the slots with plug contacts can be arranged on the circuit carrier in a number and arrangement such that a reliable mechanical connection (ie fastening) of the module is provided by the insertable or inserted counterparts to the plug contacts.

[0011] In further embodiments, slots with plug contacts can also be arranged on the external circuit carrier, wherein the corresponding counterparts to the plug contacts can be arranged on the circuit carrier of the module.

[0012] The circuit carrier may comprise one or more printed circuit boards, whereby reference is made below to one printed circuit board for the sake of conciseness and not limitation.

[0013] The secure mechanical fastening results from the holding force of all spring contact terminal lug connections as well as from the arrangement of the spring contact terminal lug connections on the circuit board, i.e., the connector face. The number of spring contact terminal lug connections is not limited to the number of necessary wires between the module and the (relative to the module) external circuit board of the electrical device.

[0014] Instead, for example, the current-carrying lines can each be distributed across a plurality of spring contact terminal lug connections. In addition to reducing the ohmic resistance of the spring contact terminal lug connections through parallel connection, this also improves the mechanical holding forces by increasing the number of spring contact terminal lug connections. Furthermore, distributing the spring contact terminal lug connections can also improve the mechanical connection. This can be achieved, in particular, by arranging at least some spring contact terminal lug connections along or near the outer edge of the module's circuit board. This advantageously eliminates the need for additional fastening means for the module to the electrical device.

[0015] The counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit board are also known as tongue contacts. The plug contacts can be arranged inside the module housing. Appropriate recesses in the module housing allow the counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit board to be inserted (i.e. the receptacle) to make contact with the plug contacts. These recesses on the module side can essentially correspond to a cross-section of the counterparts to the plug contacts and / or be smaller than recesses for receiving plug contacts, which advantageously reduces susceptibility to contamination inside the module. Another advantage is that arranging the plug contacts inside the module housing can prevent damage to the module's particularly mechanically sensitive plug contacts, particularly during storage, assembly, or the like.

[0016] In exemplary embodiments, the slots in the module can be configured with plug contacts to accommodate rectangular, square, and / or round counterparts to the plug contacts. Additionally or alternatively, the slots can form a connector face with plug contacts of different sizes. Further additionally or alternatively, the counterparts to the plug contacts, for example, terminal lugs, can be accommodated with recesses, wherein counterparts of the plug contacts penetrate into the recesses during installation of the module.

[0017] The selection and arrangement of plug contacts with rectangular, square, and / or round counterparts to the plug contacts can be determined based on structural and / or electrical parameters, space constraints, required retention forces, shielding properties against electromagnetic radiation, and the mating forces required to establish or disengage the plug connections of the plug face. Differently designed counterparts to the plug contacts can also be used in the plug face. This advantageously accommodates various electrical and mechanical requirements.

[0018] The connector face can be determined by the number, arrangement, different contact sizes, and / or various contact designs. For example, contact designs can include plug contacts (tongue contacts), cutouts, or recesses. The corresponding terminal lugs include corresponding locking nubs that engage in the recesses or recesses when assembled.

[0019] This advantageously further increases the mechanical holding force of the plug connection.

[0020] In further embodiments, the module can arrange the slots with plug contacts on both long sides of the circuit board. For example, each long side comprises at least six slots with plug contacts. Alternatively, five slots with plug contacts can be arranged on each long side.

[0021] Alternatively, at least three slots with plug contacts can be arranged on each long side. Optionally, one of the long sides can include slots with plug contacts the same size as the slots with plug contacts on the other long side, plus additional slots with plug contacts of a smaller size.

[0022] Advantageously, 6 slots on each long side ensure a sufficient electrical connection and sufficient mechanical holding force.

[0023] By arranging the slots on both long sides of the circuit board, space can be advantageously reserved for alternative or additional mounting options for the housing if the circuit board extends to the long sides of the housing. This also allows the cutouts for the slots to be arranged on both long sides of the housing. This advantageously leaves the center of the housing underside free, for example, to create a mount for a DIN rail connection, a front panel connection, or similar.

[0024] The at least six slots with plug contacts on both long sides of the circuit board or the module housing can be arranged centrally on at least one long side. This advantageously allows only part of the circuit board to extend to the long side of the module.

[0025] Alternatively, the plug contacts can be arranged laterally at one end of the long side, with optionally varying spacing between the plug contacts. Furthermore, if the contacts are arranged at one end of the long side, more than six additional slots with plug contacts of a smaller size can be arranged at the other end of the corresponding long side on at least one of the long sides. Advantageously, the holding force or release force can thus be distributed at least approximately equally along the long side of the module, even with different plug contact configurations, which facilitates plugging or unplugging the module.

[0026] In other or any embodiments, the mechanical attachment of the module may be limited to the slots with plug contacts.

[0027] The electrical device into which the module for measuring electrical energy can be installed can be stationary. For example, it can be designed as a permanently installed charger in a charging station. In such an application, no or only minimal vibrations occur on the surface on which the charging station is permanently mounted, for example in the form of a sidewalk, a wall, a parking lot, or the like. Accordingly, for the mechanical fastening of the module in the electrical device, it is sufficient to withstand the static forces acting on the module. This is achieved, for example, with both six longitudinal slots. This advantageously eliminates the need for additional fastening elements for the module in the electrical device, which leads to cost, handling, and installation space advantages.

[0028] In exemplary embodiments, a sealing device can be arranged on the module for measuring electrical energy for sealing the module to the external circuit board. The sealing can be implemented as a mechanical seal, for example, by connecting it with a sealed sealing wire. Alternatively or additionally, the sealing can be implemented as a digital seal. This can include an exchange of identifiers when the module is initially plugged onto the external circuit board.

[0029] In addition to sealing with sealing wire, mechanical sealing can also include mechanically securing the module to the external circuit board. Snap mechanisms or locking devices can also be used. Such locking devices can advantageously improve the mechanical attachment of the module to the external circuit board.

[0030] The module and / or the electrical device can each have an identifier (e.g., a number or an alphanumeric character string) that can be used to identify the individual module or electrical device. The exchanged identifiers can serve as the basis for signatures or encryption of signals emitted by the module or electrical device. This advantageously detects the replacement of the module or electrical device, which can make misuse of consumption recording more difficult.

[0031] Furthermore, after the module or electrical device has been replaced as described above, operation of the electrical device can be prevented. Furthermore, operation can only be resumed after entering a key to enable operation of the electrical device, such as the charging station. This can advantageously further complicate misuse of consumption recording. An identifier for the module can be stored in the module's sealing device. The exchange of identifiers can involve transferring the module's identifier from the sealing device to an external sealing device on the external circuit board via the electrical contact. Alternatively or additionally, an identifier for the external circuit board can be stored in the external sealing device on the external circuit board.The exchange of identifiers may comprise a transfer of the identifier of the external circuit carrier from the sealing device of the external circuit carrier to the sealing device of the module by means of the electrical contact.

[0032] The exchange of identifiers can involve encrypted communication. For example, the module's sealing device can contain a pair of public key and private key, transmit the public key to the external sealing device, receive the external sealing device's identifier encrypted using the public key, and decrypt the encrypted identifier using the private key. Alternatively or additionally, the identifier itself is not transmitted, but rather proof that the module's sealing device or the external sealing device unequivocally possesses its respective identifier, for example, using challenge-response authentication.

[0033] In further embodiments, the arrangement of the slots with plug contacts in the connector face of the module for measuring electrical energy can include information about the module's design (e.g., a coding). Additionally or alternatively, the arrangement of the slots with plug contacts in the connector face can prevent the module from being misaligned or twisted when installed on the counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit board.

[0034] The information about the module's design can identify the module's type and / or function, which can be taken into account in the signaling between the external circuit board of the electrical device and the module. To encode the module's identity, various counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit board may not find corresponding slots with plug contacts of the module. The coded design of the module can include the assignment of signals to the slots, the protocols used for signal exchange, instructions for operating the electrical device, and the like. This advantageously allows the operating modes of the module and the external circuit board or the electrical device to be automatically coordinated.

[0035] The connector face, which eliminates any misalignment or twisting of the module when installed on the mating connectors of the external circuit board, advantageously prevents assembly errors. These can include misplacement of the module on the external circuit board or the use of unsuitable modules.

[0036] In other embodiments, the module for measuring electrical energy may include, in addition to the slots with plug contacts, electrical lines that are coupled or connectable to the external circuit board. The coupled or connectable lines may be electrically connected or connectable to the module.

[0037] This means that measuring currents cannot be routed via the slots, for example to avoid the resulting resistance in the connection.

[0038] Accordingly, cables that may require sealing are installed between the external circuit board and the module. While this arrangement complicates module replacement, this cable routing is limited to a few cables (wires), for example, three, which simplifies installation or replacement compared to full wiring and sealing.

[0039] In embodiments, the module for measuring electrical energy may comprise couplers for measuring current in the electrical lines without electrical contact with the lines.

[0040] Instead, lines with measuring currents can be detected by measuring transformers in the module for galvanically isolated measurement of the measuring currents. This advantageously avoids the insertion of additional resistors in the measuring currents without significantly compromising measurement accuracy.

[0041] In further embodiments, the module for measuring electrical energy can comprise additional electrical lines of the module as signaling and / or control lines. These can optionally be used to control a display (or indicator) not located on the circuit board and / or to electrically connect at least one control element not located on the circuit board. The display and / or the control element are visible or operable when the housing of the electrical device is closed.

[0042] These signaling and / or control lines can be at least partially connected to the external circuit board, for example, in the case where the display and / or the control element are electrically connected to the module's circuit board via the external circuit board, and the display and / or the control element can be read or operated outside the electrical device. These signaling and / or control lines can also be connected to the external circuit board via plug contacts (for example, at the plug-in locations). This advantageously allows information to be output from the module to an operator via the electrical device. The operator can also advantageously operate the module via the electrical device.

[0043] In other embodiments, the module for measuring electrical energy may have at least one slot with plug contacts (for example, one of the slots) for operating serial interfaces, which are optionally designed as Ethernet and / or RS485 and / or for operation as digital inputs and outputs.

[0044] These serial interfaces can be used to control the module. This allows the module to be placed into predefined operating states, which may include, for example, enabling or disabling the module, exchanging identifiers, or the like. Alternatively or additionally, they can be used to output module signals in the form of digital inputs and outputs. These output signals can include measured values ​​acquired by the module. The use of standardized interfaces can advantageously simplify the adaptation of the external circuit board and the electrical device to the module properties, or of the module to the external circuit board and the electrical device. Furthermore, the serial interface advantageously saves slots.In embodiments, at least one slot with plug contacts in the module for measuring electrical energy can be designed to transmit the current and / or the voltage to be measured.

[0045] For higher currents, several parallel-connected slots with plug-in contacts can also transmit the current to be measured. The number of parallel-connected slots with plug-in contacts and their electrical properties are selected to prevent any undesired interference with the current and / or voltage to be measured. This advantageously prevents undesired interference with the measured values ​​while simultaneously maintaining the simpler installation option without the need for wiring.

[0046] In further embodiments, the module for measuring electrical energy can be compliant with the MID ("Measuring Instruments Directive"). Furthermore, the module can be compliant with one or more other certificates for trusted billing. Additionally or alternatively, it can contain or control a pulse LED that emits pulses proportional to the output power.

[0047] The Measuring Instruments Directive 2014 / 32 / EU (MID) is a European Union directive that attempts to harmonize many aspects of legal metrology across all EU member states. Among other things, it stipulates that at least the integrated energy quantity (kWh via the display) and the current power (kW according to the pulse LED) must be externally verifiable. The MID test of the module is carried out regardless of its subsequent use. MID conformity also certifies the module's increased protection against misuse. Accordingly, many operators of corresponding electrical devices, such as an electrical device in a vehicle charging station, require such a certificate. This can advantageously provide increased protection against misuse.

[0048] In other embodiments or according to a second aspect, a charger for a vehicle can comprise the module for measuring electrical energy and the external circuit board. The external circuit board additionally comprises a charging controller and (for example, all) power components for charging the vehicle. The charger for charging the vehicle can be provided as an overall module that is suitable for diverse use in end products and accordingly comprises all relevant charging functions. Such an end product, for example a charging station or wall box, can advantageously integrate a charging function for charging a vehicle without additionally providing its own related functionality. The charger can be an embodiment of the electrical device.

[0049] For the sake of conciseness and not limitation, reference is made below to a charging station, although the same may apply to a wallbox.

[0050] In any aspect, the module can be configured to transmit signed signals if the operating or user display is electrically connected indirectly to the module or if the operating or user display is not arranged on the circuit carrier of the module. Alternatively or additionally, the module can be configured to transmit the electrical signals between the module and the built-in operating or user display without signing if the operating or user display is electrically connected directly to the module or if the operating or user display is arranged on the circuit carrier of the module.

[0051] In exemplary embodiments or according to a third aspect, a charging station for electrically charging a vehicle may include the charger. The charging station has a built-in operating or user display, wherein the operating or user display is optionally designed to be touch-sensitive.

[0052] The operating or user display can incorporate the functionality of the MID. For example, the user display can show the integrated energy quantity (kWh) as well as the current power (kW according to the pulse LED). Furthermore, the user display can include the module's control element. This can advantageously contribute to MID compliance.

[0053] In some embodiments, the charging station transmits signed electrical signals between the module and the built-in control or user display if the control or user display built into the charging station is indirectly electrically connected to the module. Optionally, the signature is based on at least one of the exchanged identifiers. Alternatively, unsigned electrical signals are transmitted between the module and the built-in control or user display if the control or user display is directly electrically connected to the module.

[0054] The indirect electrical connection between the module and the built-in operating or user display can, for example, be established via the external circuit board of the electrical device. Alternatively, it can be transmitted from the electrical device to the charging station. Alternatively, the operating or user display contained in the charging station can also be built into the electrical device, which is positioned within the charging station so that it can be operated by an operator. In these cases, a signature can be added to the transmitted signals. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitted signals can be encrypted. Optionally, the encryption can be based on the exchanged identifiers between the module and the electrical device. This can advantageously make it more difficult to falsify the signals or to intercept them without authorization.

[0055] In some embodiments, charging with the charging station may be prevented after changing at least one of the module's and external circuit board's identifiers. Optionally, a renewed exchange of identifiers is only possible after entering a key to re-digitally seal the module and external circuit board.

[0056] The operator of the charging station can initiate the change of at least one of the module's and external circuit board's identifiers. Special security mechanisms can be used for this purpose, which may include mutual authentication and, in addition to the identifier, also rely on secret keys that are different from the specified key. In addition, the operator can initiate the entry of the key for a renewed identifier exchange, again using the special security mechanisms.

[0057] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings based on preferred embodiments, which can be optionally combined with one another. They show:

[0058] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the module for measuring electrical energy according to a first embodiment,

[0059] Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the module with a connector face according to a second embodiment,

[0060] Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the module with a seal according to a third embodiment,

[0061] Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the module with electrical lines according to a fourth embodiment,

[0062] Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit board of the module with electrical couplers according to a fifth embodiment,

[0063] Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the module with signaling and / or control lines according to a sixth embodiment,

[0064] Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a charger according to a seventh embodiment,

[0065] Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a charging station according to an eighth embodiment, and

[0066] Figs. 9a and 9b show a perspective view of the module and the external circuit board with some design features according to a ninth embodiment.

[0067] Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of the module 10 for measuring electrical energy. The module comprises a housing 20 and a printed circuit board 30 arranged in the housing with electronic components. Slots 40 with plug contacts are arranged on the circuit board and are located inside the housing 20. The reference number 40 of the slot is also used for the respective plug contact. The slots 40 with plug contacts are designed to accommodate counterparts to the plug contacts 50, which are arranged on an external printed circuit board 60, with which an electrical contact is established when inserted into the plug contacts, and with which a mechanical connection is established when inserted into the plug contacts. For this purpose, recesses (not shown) are arranged in the housing 20 such that the counterparts to the plug contacts 50 can contact the plug contacts 40.The number and arrangement of the slots with plug contacts are arranged on the circuit board (not shown) in such a way that the insertable counterparts to the plug contacts ensure secure mechanical fastening of the module. For clarity, the external circuit board 60 with the counterparts to the plug contacts 50 is shown in the non-contacted state relative to the module 10.

[0068] Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of the printed circuit board 30 with a connector face 110, wherein the connector face is formed by the plug contacts 40. The slots with plug contacts 40 on the printed circuit board 30 are designed to accommodate rectangular, square and / or round counterparts to the plug contacts (not shown). Additionally or alternatively, the slots with plug contacts 40 of different sizes can form the connector face 110, wherein slots with large plug contacts 40a and slots with small plug contacts 40b are shown. Further additionally or alternatively, the counterparts to the plug contacts can be received in recesses of the housing 20 (not shown), wherein counterparts of the plug contacts penetrate into the recesses when the module is installed.

[0069] The module also shows the arrangement of the slots with plug contacts 40a, 40b on both long sides 30a, 30b of the circuit board 30. Each long side 30a and 30b comprises 6 slots with large plug contacts 40a. On the upper long side 30b, the slots with plug contacts include those the size of the slots with plug contacts 40a on the lower long side 30a and additionally slots with plug contacts of a smaller size 40b. On the upper long side 30b, the larger plug contacts 40a are arranged at equal distances from one another at the left end of the long side 30b, with the exception that after the two outer slots there is a larger gap to the next slot. At the right end of the long side 30b, the smaller plug contacts 40b are again arranged at equal distances from one another, with the distances being smaller than for the larger plug contacts 40a.On the lower longitudinal side 30a of the circuit board 30, however, the six slots with large plug contacts 40a are arranged centrally at equal distances from one another. In the housing 20 (not shown), the arrangement of the plug contacts 40a, 40b on the longitudinal sides 30a, 30b of the housing bottom allows for space between the plug contacts to be used for alternative or additional fastening elements, for example, to create a receptacle for a DIN rail connection, a front panel connection, or the like.

[0070] Alternatively, the mechanical fastening of the module is limited to the slots with the plug contacts. Due to the arrangement and design of the plug contacts shown here, the large plug contacts 40a alone provide sufficient holding force for the module, at least when the electrical device is permanently mounted to the external circuit board.

[0071] In addition, the arrangement of the slots with the plug contacts 40a, 40b in the connector face includes information about the design of the module.

[0072] Accordingly, the installation of an incompatible module is difficult or even impossible. Furthermore, the module can be coded by leaving mating parts for the plug contacts 50 of the external circuit board 60 free (not shown). In addition, the arrangement of the slots with plug contacts in the connector face prevents any misalignment or twisting of the module when installed on the mating parts for the plug contacts of the external circuit board.

[0073] Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of the module 10 with a mechanical seal 70, 80. For this purpose, the housing 20 comprises a separate sealing web 70, which is flanged laterally to a side wall. This sealing web 70 includes a hole for the sealing wire. Accordingly, at least one sealing hole 80 for the sealing wire is located in the external circuit board 60. The sealing wire, which is guided through the holes in the module 10 and the external circuit board 60, is secured by a seal.

[0074] Alternatively or additionally, the sealing is implemented as a digital sealing. For this purpose, information about the digital sealing is stored in a memory 90 in the module. Corresponding information is stored in a memory 100 of the external circuit board. The sealing can be based on an exchange of an identifier of the module and an identifier of the external circuit board. If the received identifier does not match the expected identifier, the module's operation can be discontinued. These identifiers can be specially protected against changes, for example, through upstream authentication. The module's own identifier can be stored in memory 90. The external circuit board's own identifier can be stored in memory 100.

[0075] Fig. 4 shows the module 10 for measuring electrical energy with at least three electrical lines 120 in addition to the slots with plug contacts 40, which are opposite the counterparts to the plug contacts 50 of the external circuit board 60. Each of the at least three lines 120 is routed through a current sensor 35 arranged on the circuit board 30 of the module 10. The current sensors 35 are galvanically isolated from the lines 120 (contactless) and determine the respective current strength based on the magnetic flux density triggered by electrical currents. These three lines 120 lead to the external circuit board and are electrically connected to it. They carry the current to be measured, each offset by 120° according to the three-phase current.

[0076] The module 10 includes at least one slot on its circuit board 30 with plug-in contacts for operating serial interfaces 150, which are configured as Ethernet and / or RS485 and / or for operation as digital inputs and outputs. These can contain parameterization data as well as measurement results. The serial interface advantageously saves slots.

[0077] For example, the measurement results (partially or completely, and / or periodically, event-driven, or on request) can be transmitted via the serial interface 150 to a higher-level controller located outside a charging station of the module 10. The higher-level controller can, for example, be a controller for a plurality of neighboring charging parking spaces.

[0078] In the module 10, at least one slot with plug contacts 160 is designed to transmit the current and / or the voltage to be measured. Alternatively, only the voltage to be measured can be transmitted via the plug contacts 160 in addition to the current transmission via the lines 120. Further alternatively, the lines 120 can be omitted (not shown) and current and voltage can be transmitted via a plurality of plug contacts 160. Fig. 5 shows the module 10 for measuring electrical energy, which includes a coupler 130 for measuring current in the electrical lines without electrical contact with the lines. The couplers 130 are designed as (for example, inductive) measuring transducers. The couplers 130 are arranged on the printed circuit board 30. Alternatively, the couplers can also be arranged elsewhere in the module, for example on an auxiliary printed circuit board (not shown) or mounted on the housing 20 (not shown).

[0079] Fig. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of the module 10. The module 10 comprises signaling and / or control lines 140 for measuring electrical energy. These are electrically conductively attached to the circuit board 30. Optionally, they can also be electrically conductively attached in another way, for example, to an auxiliary circuit board (not shown). They serve to control a display 143 not arranged on the circuit board 30 and to electrically connect at least one control element 145 not arranged on the circuit board. The display 143 and the control element 145 are visible and operable when the housing 20 of the module 10 is closed. Alternatively, only the display 143 or only the control element 145 can be present (not shown). Further alternatively, the display 143 and the control element 145 can also be visible and operable when the housing of the electrical device is closed (not shown).Additionally alternatively, the signaling and / or control lines 140 may be routed via the external circuit board 60 of the electrical device (not shown).

[0080] Furthermore, the module 10 is MID (Measuring Instruments Directive) compliant. Accordingly, at least an integrated energy quantity (kWh) is displayed on the display 143, as well as the current power (kW) via a pulse LED 170, which emits pulses proportional to the output power. Both the pulse LED 170 and the display 143 can be checked externally by an operator of the electrical device. The display 143, the control element 145, and the pulse LED 170 are components of the module. Alternatively, they can also be controlled as separate components by the module (not shown).

[0081] Fig. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a charger 180 for a

[0082] Vehicle. This includes the module 10 for measuring electrical energy and the external circuit board 60, whose plug contacts or counterparts to the plug contacts are also shown. The external circuit board 60 additionally includes a charging controller 190 and all power components 200 for charging a vehicle. The charger 180 is intended for installation in a station and includes all necessary mechanical and electrical connections (not shown).

[0083] Fig. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a charging station 210. This is used to electrically charge a vehicle. It comprises a built-in operating or user display 220 and the charger 180, wherein the operating or user display 220 is optionally designed to be touch-sensitive. Alternatively, user guidance can also be provided separately via corresponding buttons 154 (not shown). Further alternatively, the operating or user display 220 can be provided by the module 10, the charger 180, or the charging station 210 itself. All elements (operating or user display 220, if applicable buttons 154, and if applicable pulse LED 170) can be recognized and operated by the operator. This fulfills the requirements for MID conformity.

[0084] In the charging station 210, electrical signals 230 are transmitted in a signed manner between the module 10 and the built-in operating or user display 220 if the operating or user display 220 built into the charging station 210 is indirectly electrically connected to the module 10. This can be the case if the electrical signals 230 are routed via the external circuit board 60. The signature is based on at least one of the exchanged identifiers. Alternatively, electrical signals 230 are transmitted unsigned between the module and the built-in operating or user display 220 if the operating or user display 220 is directly electrically connected to the module 10 and thus the operating or user display 220 is an element of the module 10.

[0085] Furthermore, the charging station 210 prevents charging with the charging station 210 after at least one of the identifiers of the module 10 and the external circuit board 60 has been changed. Optionally, a renewed exchange of identifiers between the module 10 and the external circuit board 60 is only possible after entering a key for renewed digital sealing of the module 10 and the external circuit board 60.

[0086] Figs. 9a and 9b show the module 10 and the external circuit board 60 with some design features. Fig. 9a shows an assembled state of the module 10 and the external circuit board 60. Fig. 9b shows a disassembled state of the module 10 and the external circuit board 60. The underside of the module 10 reveals the recesses 115 in the housing 20 of the module 10 for inserting the counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit board 60. The corresponding counterparts to the plug contacts 50 can be seen on the external circuit board 60. Additionally, the external circuit board 60 also shows clamping elements for cabling.

[0087] In other words, the invention can be described as follows: Measuring devices of all shapes and sizes are known. The well-known multifunctional energy measuring devices, in particular, are usually housed in DIN rail or panel-mounted enclosures. These measuring devices are then used in the applications in this way. The measuring devices are connected via cables to the power path that supplies the application with current and voltage. All interfaces are also connected via cables.

[0088] In inventive applications, the wiring effort can be avoided if the measuring device (module 10) can be plugged onto an existing carrier circuit board (external circuit board 60 of the electrical device). This can be used, for example, in the charging infrastructure for electromobility. Here, the charging controllers are usually housed on circuit boards (external circuit board 60) in a housing. This circuit board with charging controller (external circuit board 60) also contains all power components (power components of the charger 200) for vehicle charging. In addition to the charging controller, an energy measuring device (module 10) can also be plugged in. In particular, this is a measuring device (module 10) that complies with the respective local requirements for calibration law. The measuring device (module 10) can maintain the respective locally required calibration law conformity for itself and can thus be qualified independently of the application.

[0089] The wiring effort is completely eliminated by simply plugging the measuring device (module 10) onto the existing carrier circuit board (external circuit board 60). The plug-in contacts (slots with plug-in contacts 40) contain the power components necessary for fully capturing the measuring functions. In other words, the charging current and charging voltage as components of the electrical power P=U*I are present at the plug-in contacts or flow via the plug-in contacts to and from module 10. This applies in particular to a three-phase grid connection, so that the energy consumption of a downstream consumer can be measured. Alternatively, the measuring current can be routed not via circuit board 30, but through measuring transformer 130.

[0090] The measuring instrument (ie module 10) may be a multifunctional measuring instrument that includes some or all of the functions known for measuring instruments, for example current and voltage measurement, power and energy measurement for active, reactive and apparent power and / or energy.

[0091] The measuring device can, in particular, be MID-compliant. The measuring device can include a display 143 and control elements 145. Furthermore, the measuring device can include a pulse LED 170 that emits pulses proportional to the output power.

[0092] The measuring device can contain interfaces that can also be connected to the carrier circuit board (external circuit board 60) via plug-in contacts (slots with plug-in contacts 40). This can include, in particular, serial interfaces 150 but also digital inputs and outputs 150. The serial interfaces 150 can be, for example, Ethernet or RS485. A higher-level charging controller can, for example, communicate with the measuring device (i.e., module 10) via these interfaces. For example, billing-relevant data such as the energy supplied for charging can be transmitted. This can also take place in a secure mode in which the measured data is signed, for example. The measuring device can be secured against unauthorized removal or tampering by a suitable mechanical arrangement. This can, for example, be a mechanical lock that can be sealed using suitable means.

[0093] The measuring device (module 10) can be powered by the measuring voltage and / or by an auxiliary voltage, so that the measuring device can also be connected between a switch and a consumer in the power path.

[0094] A charging controller 190 is integrated into a charging station 210 on a circuit board 60. If the respective energy consumption of the vehicle being charged is to be recorded, an MID-compliant energy meter (i.e., module 10) is typically additionally installed in the housing. In the prior art, this requires additional wiring. However, according to one embodiment of the invention, the energy meter can be plugged in as described, thereby significantly reducing the effort.

[0095] In addition to its obvious function, the pluggable assembly (i.e., an embodiment of module 10) offers the possibility of communicating with the electronics of charging station 210. This communication can take place, for example, via a serial interface 150.

[0096] For use as a charging station 210, the information regarding the amount of energy per charging process is relevant. This information can be exchanged in encrypted form between the charging station 210 and the measuring device (i.e., module 10), if necessary. The measuring device can include an additional function that reports the amount of energy for the current charge, identified by signals from the charging station.

[0097] The connector face of the measuring device (i.e., the connector face of the 110 module) is designed to prevent accidental incorrect installation. For this purpose, the connectors (slots with 40 plug contacts) are arranged in such a way that misalignment or twisting of the measuring device is impossible.

[0098] During initial installation, the measuring device (i.e., module 10) and charging station 210 can exchange and save identifiers that allow them to mutually detect a change of devices. The charging station 210 can access all relevant measurement results from the measuring device to assess the status and load of the entire charging line. To ensure the M ID conformity of the measuring device (i.e., module 10) in the charging station 210, the display 143 and the pulse LED 170 must be visible from the outside. For this purpose, the display 143 and / or the pulse LED 170 are implemented as a separate unit.

[0099] In addition to the display (display 143), operating elements 145 for the measuring device can also be accessible from the outside.

[0100] As an additional function, for example, the fault current can be detected when the neutral conductor current is also detected. This can also be implemented as an additional measuring module (i.e., as a further embodiment of module 10).

[0101] Although the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted. Furthermore, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular measurement situation or material to the teachings of the invention. Consequently, the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but encompasses all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0102] List of reference symbols

[0103] 10 Module for measuring electrical energy

[0104] 20 Module housing

[0105] 30 Circuit carrier, e.g. circuit board, of the module

[0106] 30a Long side of the circuit board

[0107] 30b further long side of the circuit carrier

[0108] 40 slots with plug-in contacts

[0109] 40a slots with large plug contacts

[0110] 40b slots with small plug contacts

[0111] 50 counterparts to the plug contacts of the external circuit carrier

[0112] 60 External circuit carrier, e.g. printed circuit board, of the electrical device

[0113] 70 Mechanical sealing device of the module

[0114] 80 Mechanical sealing device of the external circuit board

[0115] 90 memory with digital sealing in the module

[0116] 100 memories with digital sealing of the external circuit board

[0117] 110 Connector face of the module

[0118] 115 recesses in the housing to accommodate the counterparts to the plug contacts

[0119] 120 Electrical cables from the module to the external circuit carrier

[0120] 130 couplers for current measurement in electrical lines without electrical contact

[0121] 140 signaling and / or control lines of the module

[0122] 143 Display, for example display

[0123] 145 Control element

[0124] 150 slot with spring contact for the operation of serial interfaces

[0125] 160 Slot with spring contact for transmitting the current and / or voltage to be measured

[0126] 170 Pulse LED of the module

[0127] 180 charger for one vehicle

[0128] 190 Charging control, also: charging controller, of the charger

[0129] 200 charger power components

[0130] 210 Charging station 220 User display, built into charging station

[0131] 230 Signed or unsigned electrical signals

Claims

Patent claims 1. A module (10) for measuring electrical energy, comprising: a housing (20), and a circuit carrier (30) arranged in the housing (20) and equipped with electronic components, wherein sockets (40) with plug contacts are arranged on the circuit carrier (30), wherein the sockets (40) with plug contacts are designed to receive counterparts to the plug contacts (50) arranged on an external circuit carrier (60) and to make electrical contact therewith, and wherein the plug contacts are further designed to establish a mechanical connection between the circuit carrier (30) of the module (10) and the external circuit carrier (60) when the counterparts to the plug contacts (50) are received in the plug contacts.

2. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to claim 1, wherein a number and arrangement of the plug-in locations (40) with plug-in contacts on the circuit carrier (30) is designed to reliably mechanically connect the module (10) to the external circuit carrier (60) via the receivable counterparts to the plug-in contacts (50).

3. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sockets (40) with plug contacts are designed to receive rectangular, square and / or round counterparts to the plug contacts (50) and / or wherein the sockets (40) with plug contacts of different sizes form a plug face (110), optionally an asymmetrical plug face (110), and / or wherein the counterparts to the plug contacts (50) are received or can be received with recesses, and wherein counterparts of the plug contacts penetrate into the recesses when receiving the counterparts to the plug contacts (50) and / or during installation of the module.

4. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slots (40) with plug-in contacts are arranged on both long sides (30a, 30b) of the circuit carrier (30), optionally wherein each long side comprises 3, 5 or 6 slots (40) with plug-in contacts, and / or wherein on one of the long sides (30b) the slots (40) comprise plug-in contacts in the size of the slots (40) with plug-in contacts of the other long side (30a) and additionally slots (40) with plug-in contacts of a smaller size.

5. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the mechanical connection or a mechanical fastening of the module (10) is limited to the slots (40) with plug-in contacts, optionally wherein the plug-in contacts are designed as spring contacts, as lamellar contacts or as press contacts.

6. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a sealing device which is designed to seal the module (10) to the external circuit carrier (60), optionally wherein the sealing is carried out as a mechanical sealing (70, 80) and / or wherein the sealing is carried out as a digital sealing (90, 100) and comprises an exchange of identifiers when the module (10) is initially plugged onto the external circuit carrier (60).

7. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the arrangement of the slots (40) with plug contacts in the plug face (110) comprises information about the design, function or limit values ​​of the module (10) and / or wherein the arrangement of the slots (40) with plug contacts in the plug face excludes any offset or twisting of the module (10) when receiving the counterparts to the plug contacts (50) and / or when installing the module (10) on the counterparts to the plug contacts (50) of the external circuit carrier.

8. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the module (10) comprises, in addition to the plug-in locations (40) with plug-in contacts, electrical lines (120) which are coupled or can be coupled to the external circuit carrier (60), wherein optionally the electronic components of the circuit carrier (30) of the module (10) comprise couplers (130) for measuring an electrical current in the electrical lines (120), without electrical contact with the lines (120) or for galvanically isolated measurement of the electrical current.

9. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein further electrical lines of the module (10) comprise signaling and / or control lines (140) which are designed to control a display (143; 220) not arranged on the circuit carrier (30) and / or to electrically connect at least one operating element (145) not arranged on the circuit carrier (30) to the circuit carrier (30), wherein the display (143; 220) and / or the operating element (145) is visible or operable when the housing of the module (10) and / or of an electrical device accommodating the module (10) is closed.

10. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of the claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one slot (150) is designed with plug contacts for the operation of serial interfaces, optionally as Ethernet and / or RS485 and / or for operation as digital inputs and outputs.

11. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one plug-in location (160) with plug-in contacts is designed to transmit the current and / or the voltage to be measured from the external circuit carrier (60) to the circuit carrier (30) of the module (10).

12. Module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the module is MID-compliant and / or compliant according to another certificate for trusted billing and / or comprises or controls an optical interface, optionally a pulse LED (170), which is designed to output pulses at a rate proportional to the measured power.

13. A charging device (180) for a vehicle, comprising the module (10) for measuring electrical energy according to one of claims 1 to 12 and the external circuit carrier (60), wherein the external circuit carrier (60) comprises a charging controller (190) and power components (200) for charging the vehicle.

14. Charging station (210) or wallbox for electrically charging a vehicle, comprising the charger (180) according to claim 13, wherein the charging station (210) or the wallbox has a built-in operating or user display (143; 220), optionally wherein the operating or user display (143; 220) is touch-sensitive.

15. Charging station (210) or wallbox according to claim 14, wherein electrical signals are transmitted in a signed manner between the module (10) and the operating or user display built into the charging station (210) or the wallbox, optionally wherein the signing is based on at least one of the exchanged identifiers.

16. Charging station (210) or wall box according to one of claims 14 or 15, further designed such that after changing at least one of the identifiers of the module (10) and the external circuit carrier (60), charging with the charging station is prevented, optionally wherein a renewed exchange of the identifiers is only possible after entering a key for renewed digital sealing of the module (10) and the external circuit carrier (60).

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