Perfected magnetic separator and crushing and / or screening plant

Abstract

The present invention relates to a perfected magnetic separator (8) for the detection and removal of magnetic material from a volume of material arranged on a transport surface (11) of a conveyor belt (7), the magnetic separator (8) comprising a lifter (12) which is associable with the conveyor belt (7) and adapted to attract and transport the magnetic material, and wherein: the lifter (12) is movable with respect to the conveyor belt (7) towards / away from the transport surface (11) between a close position wherein the lifter (12) has a first distance from the conveyor belt (7), a spaced position wherein the lifter (12) has a second distance which is greater than the first distance from the conveyor belt (7), and wherein the lifter (12) is configured to move from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa depending on a protrusion of the material arranged on the conveyor belt (7) with respect to the first distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a perfected magnetic separator, specifically for the detection and removal of magnetic material from a volume of material arranged on a transport surface of a conveyor belt. In addition, the present invention relates to a crushing and / or screening plant comprising such a perfected magnetic separator. For example, the crushing plant is of the type distributed by the company RIMAC TECHNOLOGY SA under the name MOBY 535 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 645 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 850 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 960 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 1160 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 1265 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 1180 TRANSFORMER, MOBY 1380 TRANSFORMER.Background Art

[0002] Magnetic separators and crushing and / or screening plants are known in the state of the art. Inert material crushing and / or screening plants are particularly divisible into two categories of plants: mobile plants and stationary plants.

[0003] The known mobile crushing and / or screening plants comprise a frame and transport means connected to the frame and defining a bearing portion of the plant to the ground. The transport means are known per se and may comprise a set of tracks or tires to move the plant. The mobile crushing plants are therefore able to move independently, such as from a transport device to the work site.

[0004] On the other hand, the known stationary crushing and / or screening plants do not comprise transport means and the bearing portion to the ground is stationary and does not allow the movement thereof. Stationary crushing and / or screening plants can only be moved and positioned at the work site by means of an external transport device and not independently.

[0005] Known plants comprise at least one material loading unit, generally a hopper, and one crushing unit coupled together and attached to the plant frame. In detail, the hopper is placed upstream of the crushing unit along one direction of development of the plant. Examples of crushing units may be a jaw crusher, a bump crusher and a cone crusher.

[0006] More specifically, the hopper is configured to receive the material to be worked and crushed and to convey the material to be worked to the crushing unit located downstream of the loading unit.

[0007] The crushing unit is configured to receive the material to be worked from the hopper, to crush the material to be worked resulting in a worked material and to convey the worked material to a conveyor belt connected to the frame. Normally, the crushing unit is placed between the hopper and the conveyor belt along the direction of development of the plant.

[0008] Specifically, the conveyor belt is developed between an input portion, adapted to receive the worked material from the crushing unit, and an evacuation portion. The conveyor belt is configured to move the worked material from the input portion to the evacuation portion. The conveyor belt is also switchable between a working configuration, so that it protrudes sideways from the crushing unit, and a transport configuration, wherein the belt is folded back on itself so as to reduce the overall dimensions of the plant during the movement thereof.

[0009] The use is known in the prior art of magnetic separators associated with a conveyor belt for the detection and removal of metallic materials from a volume of material arranged on the conveyor belt. In detail, known separators are placed in the proximity of the belt at a minimum distance from a belt transport surface on which the volume of material is placed.

[0010] One drawback from the prior art is that the magnetic separator is placed at a fixed distance from the transport surface of the conveyor belt. The fact that the separator is stationary at a certain distance from the conveyor belt means that the separator is more prone to accidental damage when the distance of the separator from the conveyor belt is comparable with the average size of the materials transported on the belt. In fact, materials of comparable size or greater than the distance at which the separator is placed can stress and impact the separator, thus damaging the components thereof.Description of the Invention

[0011] The main aim of the present invention is to devise a perfected magnetic separator, and a crushing and / or screening plant comprising a separator, which can move away from and close to the conveyor belt depending on the height and protrusion of the material from the transport surface of the belt so as to reduce the possibility that the material placed on the conveyor belt may impact and damage the separator itself.

[0012] A further object of this description is to provide a perfected magnetic separator and a crushing and / or screening plant which are more versatile and capable of detecting and removing metallic materials in the volume of material processed under a wider variety of working conditions.

[0013] A further object of this description is to provide a perfected magnetic separator and a crushing plant which allow for faster maintenance.

[0014] A further object of the present invention is to provide a perfected magnetic separator and a crushing plant which are more efficient and allow reducing downtime.

[0015] The aforementioned objects are achieved by the perfected magnetic separator according to claim 1 and by the crushing and / or screening plant in accordance with claim 10.Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Some embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings, provided for illustrative purposes only and therefore not limiting, wherein: Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of a crushing and screening plant in different configurations of use in accordance with this invention, Figure 3 is a side view of the plant in Figure 2, Figures 4 and 5 are perspective views of a detail of the plant in Figure 2, Figure 6 is a perspective view of a magnetic separator in accordance with the present invention with some elements removed to better show others, Figures 7A-7D are perspective views of the detail in Figure 4 in different configurations. Embodiments of the Invention

[0017] In accordance with this description and the attached figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a plant for working inert material, particularly a crushing plant.Crushing plant

[0018] Specifically, the crushing plant 1 is adapted to crush and screen inert materials or waste materials. For example, materials may comprise construction and demolition materials, excavated soil and rocks, stones, sand, asphalt, gravel, steel mill slag, plastics, paper, wood, glass.

[0019] The crushing plant 1 may comprise a frame 2 and may comprise transport means 3 connected to the frame 2. The crushing plant 1 has a bearing portion 3a which can be defined at least partly by the transport means 3. In detail, the crushing plant 1 is mobile and configured to move within a work environment when in use. The transport means 3 are configured to move the plant and may comprise a set of tracks or a set of tires defining the bearing portion 3a of the crushing plant. In other words, the crushing plant 1 is mobile and configured to contact the ground at the bearing portion 3a.

[0020] The crushing plant 1 has a direction of development B-B. The main direction of development B-B of the plant can be a linear direction or a curve of any shape, e.g. L-shaped. In detail, the frame 2 extends along the main direction of development B-B of the plant.Loading unit

[0021] According to one aspect, the crushing plant 1 comprises, in addition, a loading unit 4 connected to the frame 2 and configured to receive material, particularly material to be worked / processed. Specifically, the loading unit 4 comprises a hopper 5 and may, in addition, comprise a respective screening unit associated with the hopper 5. In detail, the loading unit 4 is configured to receive the material to be worked from a feeding unit. The feeding unit may comprise a machine for surface excavation works, transporting and unloading inert material such as, e.g., a bulldozer, a mechanical shovel or an excavator.

[0022] The screening unit of the loading unit 4 can be adapted to a phase of a first sieving of the material to be worked, thus separating a first fraction from the material to be worked.Crushing unit

[0023] In one embodiment, the crushing plant 1 comprises a crushing unit 6 connected to the frame 2. The crushing unit 6 is configured to receive at input the material to be worked / processed or sieved material and to send at output the worked / processed material. In detail, the crushing unit 6 is configured to carry out a phase of receiving the material to be worked or sieved, preferably from the loading unit 4, and a phase of conveying and feeding the worked material to one or more conveyor belts. The crushing unit is configured to carry out a process or a phase of work on the material to be worked to obtain a worked material. The working phase comprises one or more of the sub-phases: reducing an average granular size of the material received at input, carrying out a second sieving of the material received at input. Conveyor belt

[0024] According to one aspect, the crushing plant 1 comprises a conveyor belt 7 connected to the frame 2. The conveyor belt 7 mainly extends along a longitudinal direction A-A between an input portion 7a and an opposite evacuation portion 7b. The input portion 7a is adapted to receive the material, especially material worked by the crushing unit 6. The evacuation portion 7b is adapted to evacuate the material from the crushing plant 1 and to convey the material at output. The conveyor belt 7 is configured to move the material from the input portion 7a to the evacuation portion 7b.

[0025] According to one aspect, the conveyor belt 7 is switchable between a working configuration and a transport configuration. In particular, the conveyor belt 7 comprises sections 14, 15 connected to each other in a rotatable manner, e.g., by means of pivoting elements. For example, the sections 14, 15 are connected by means of pins defining an axis of rotation around which at least one of the sections is rotatable. In more detail, in the working configuration, the sections 14, 15 are arranged substantially aligned along a straight longitudinal direction, such as e.g. shown in Figure 2. In the transport configuration, the sections 14, 15 are moved close to each other, thus reducing a lateral extension of the conveyor belt 7 with respect to the frame 2, such as e.g. shown in Figure 1. In other words, the overall dimensions of the conveyor belt 7 laterally to the frame 2 is reduced in the switch from the working configuration to the transport configuration to facilitate the movement of the crushing plant 1.

[0026] In one embodiment, the loading unit, the crushing unit and the conveyor belt 7 are placed along the direction of development B-B of the plant. In detail, the loading unit 4 is located upstream of the crushing unit 6. The conveyor belt is positioned along the direction of development B-B downstream of the crushing unit. In other words, the crushing unit is placed between the loading unit and the conveyor belt along the direction of development B-B of the plant 1.Driving unit

[0027] According to one aspect, the crushing plant 1 comprises a driving unit 10 associated with the frame 2 and with the transport means 3. The driving unit 10 is configured to operate the transport means for moving the plant.

[0028] In detail, the driving unit 10 is associated with the loading unit, with the crushing unit 6 and with the conveyor belt 7. The driving unit 10 is configured to operate one or more of the loading unit, the crushing unit or the conveyor belt.Magnetic separator

[0029] In one embodiment, the crushing plant 1 comprises a separator 8 associated with the conveyor belt and connected to the frame 2. Specifically, the separator 8 is arranged along the main direction of development B-B of the plant 1 downstream of the crushing unit 6. The separator 8 is configured to detect and remove unwanted materials from the worked material. For example, the separator 8 is of the type of a magnetic separator and is suitable for the identification, detection and removal of the metallic material from the worked material.

[0030] In detail, the separator 8 is positioned in the proximity of the conveyor belt 7 so as to analyze the worked material as it is transported from the input portion 7a to the evacuation portion 7b of the conveyor belt. More specifically, the separator is positioned facing a transport surface of the conveyor belt. The separator may be at a predefined minimum distance from the transport surface, wherein the minimum distance is selected so as to optimize the process of detecting and removing the unwanted material from the flow of worked material.Spraying system

[0031] According to one aspect, the crushing plant 1 comprises a spraying system 9 associated with the loading unit 4. The spraying system 9 is connected to the loading unit, particularly to the hopper 5 or to the crushing unit 6 and is configured to reduce the volatility of a volatile component of the material to be worked. In detail, the spraying system 9 is suitable for the emission of water mist toward the material to be worked so as to reduce the volatility of the volatile component of the material to be worked.Control unit

[0032] According to one aspect, the crushing plant 1 comprises a control unit in signal communication with one or more of the loading unit 4, the crushing unit 6, the driving unit 10, the conveyor belt 7, the transport means 3, the separator 8 or the spraying system 9. In detail, the control unit is configured to command the loading unit 4 to carry out a phase of feeding the material to be worked to the crushing unit 6. In more detail, the control unit is in signal communication with the screening unit to command the screening unit to carry out a phase of first sieving of the material to be worked, thus separating a first fraction from the material to be worked.

[0033] The control unit can also be configured to command the spraying system 9 to carry out a phase of emitting a mist component, such as water, toward the material to be worked so as to reduce the volatility of the volatile component of the material to be worked.

[0034] In addition, the control unit is configured to command the crushing unit 6 to carry out one or more phases of: receiving the material to be worked or sieved, preferably from the loading unit 4, carrying out a work process on the material to be worked to obtain a worked material, sending the worked material to one or more conveyor belts.

[0035] The phase of carrying out a work process comprises one or more of the sub-phases: reducing an average granular size of the material received at input, making a second sieving of the material received at input.

[0036] The control unit can also be configured to command the conveyor belt 7 to carry out one or more phases of: receiving worked material, preferably from the crushing unit, moving the worked material from the input portion 7a to the evacuation portion 7b.

[0037] According to one aspect, the control unit is configured to command the separator 8 to carry out one or more phases of: analyzing the worked material, detecting an unwanted material in the worked material, preferably detecting a metallic material, removing the unwanted material from the worked material.

[0038] According to a further aspect, the control unit is configured to command the driving unit to carry out a phase of operating the transport means 3 and moving the crushing plant 1.Perfected magnetic separator

[0039] The present description relates to a perfected magnetic separator 8 for the detection and removal of magnetic material from a volume of material arranged on a transport surface 11 of a conveyor belt 7.

[0040] According to one aspect, the volume of material comprises inert material. For example, the volume of material may comprise construction and demolition materials, excavated soil and rocks, stones, sand, asphalt, gravel, steel mill slag, plastics, paper, wood, glass. In particular, the separator can be configured for the detection and removal of ferromagnetic material. For example, the ferromagnetic material may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel and metal alloys.

[0041] In detail, the magnetic separator 8 comprises a lifter 12 which is associable with the conveyor belt 7. The lifter 12 is adapted to attract and transport the magnetic material. Specifically, the lifter 12 is configured to remove the magnetic material from the volume of material arranged on the conveyor belt 7.

[0042] According to one aspect, the lifter 12 comprises a magnet adapted to attract magnetic material, and an evacuation belt 19 arranged around the magnet. The evacuation belt 19 is configured to receive and transport the magnetic material. In detail, the evacuation belt 19 is configured to move the magnetic material away from the conveyor belt 7.

[0043] In detail, the evacuation belt 19 may have baffles 20 projecting from an outer surface 19a of the evacuation belt 19. In more detail, the outer surface 19a is configured to receive and contact the magnetic material attracted by the magnet during use. The baffles 20 are configured to contact the magnetic material which is arranged on the outer surface of the evacuation belt and to reduce the slipping of the magnetic material along the outer surface of the evacuation belt. For example, Figure 6 shows a separator 8 comprising an evacuation belt with four baffles 20 projecting from the outer surface 19a of the evacuation belt and facing upwards.

[0044] Advantageously, the baffles 20 of the evacuation belt 19 allow the magnetic material in contact with the outer surface of the evacuation belt to be transported more effectively and prevent at least some of the magnetic material from slipping on the evacuation belt.

[0045] In detail, the lifter 12 is movable with respect to the conveyor belt 7 close to / away from the transport surface 11. More specifically, the lifter 12 faces the conveyor belt 7. In other words, the outer surface 19a of the evacuation belt 19 faces at least partly the transport surface 11 of the conveyor belt 7.

[0046] More specifically, the lifter 12 is movable between: a close position wherein the lifter 12 has a first distance from the conveyor belt 7, a spaced position wherein the lifter 12 has a second distance which is greater than the first distance from the conveyor belt 7.

[0047] In particular, during use, the lifter 12 is placed in the position close to the first distance from the transport surface 11 of the conveyor belt 7 to effectively detect and attract the magnetic materials. In detail, the lifter 12 in the close position is placed at a minimum distance from the transport surface 11.

[0048] The first distance can be defined as a function of a particle size of the volume of material arranged on the conveyor belt 7. In detail, the first distance is greater than a maximum height of the volume of material from the transport surface so that the distance between the lifter 12 and the conveyor belt 7 is sufficient for the movement of the volume of material in the area between the conveyor belt 7 and the lifter 12. The second distance is greater than the first distance so that the material with greater size than the first distance can be transported and moved within the area between the lifter 12 and the conveyor belt 7 thus reducing the likelihood of such material damaging the lifter 12.

[0049] In addition, the lifter 12 is configured to move from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa depending on a protrusion of the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 with respect to the first distance. In detail, the lifter 12 is configured to move from the close position to the spaced position if the height from the transport surface 11 of the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 is greater than the first distance. In other words, if the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 has a size equal to or greater than the first distance, the lifter 12 is configured to displace from the close position to the spaced position. Advantageously, displacing the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position as a function of a size of the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 allows reducing the possibility that the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 may impact and damage the lifter 12.

[0050] According to one aspect, the separator 8 comprises a support 13 connected to the lifter 12 and associable with the conveyor belt 7. In detail, the support 13 is adapted to position the lifter 12 substantially in the proximity of the conveyor belt 7. The support 13 is adapted to position the lifter 12 at least in the close position and in the spaced position. According to one aspect, the support 13 defines the first distance and the second distance.

[0051] In one embodiment, the support 13 has a lower portion 13a connectable to the conveyor belt 7 and an upper portion 13b connected to the lifter 12. In detail, the lower portion 13a is connectable to a frame 2 connected to a conveyor belt 7.

[0052] In one embodiment, the lifter 12 is movable with respect to the support 13. Specifically, the lifter 12 is configured to move with respect to the support 13 in the movement from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa.

[0053] In detail, the lifter 12 is movable close to / away from the lower portion 13a of the support 13 in the movement from the spaced position to the close position and vice versa. Specifically, the lifter 12 is configured to move towards the upper portion 13b of the support 13 in the passage from the close position to the spaced position. The lifter 12 is configured to move towards the lower portion 13a of the support 13 in the passage from the spaced position to the close position. According to one aspect, the support 13 defines a direction of movement X-X. In detail, the lifter 12 is movable along the direction of movement X-X as it moves close to / away from the transport surface 11 of the conveyor belt 7, such as e.g. shown in Figures 7A-7D. The lifter 12 is configured to move along the direction of movement X-X in the passage from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa. Figures 7A to 7D show different instants of the movement of the lifter 12 along the direction of movement X-X from the spaced position, shown in Figure 7D, to the close position, shown in Figure 7A.

[0054] According to one aspect, the support 13 develops substantially along a direction of extension between the lower portion 13a and the upper portion 13b. In detail, the direction of extension can be transverse or parallel to the direction of movement X-X. In more detail, the support 13 can develop substantially along the direction of movement X-X between the lower portion 13a and the upper portion 13b.

[0055] The direction of movement X-X can be transverse to the transport surface 11. In detail, the direction of movement X-X is normal to the transport surface 11. The lifter 12 is configured to vary its distance from the transport surface 11 when moving along the direction of movement X-X. The lifter 12 is configured to move close to / away from the transport surface perpendicularly to such a transport surface 11. The lifter 12 is movable perpendicularly to the transport surface 11 when moving between the close position and the spaced position.

[0056] In addition, the separator 8 may comprise a movement system 16 connected to the lifter 12. The movement system 16 is configured to move the lifter 12 along the direction of movement X-X.

[0057] In detail, the movement system 16 is configured to move the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa. The movement system 16 can be configured to move the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position as a function of a contact between the lifter 12 and at least one portion of the material.

[0058] The movement system 16 can be configured to move the lifter 12 as a result of a contact between the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 and the lifter 12, specifically a contact between the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7 and the outer surface 19a of the evacuation belt 19. Specifically, the movement system 16 is configured to move the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position as a result of this contact.

[0059] In addition, the movement system 16 is also configured to move the lifter 12 from the spaced position to the close position as a result of a previous displacement of the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position.

[0060] In one embodiment, the lifter 12 and the support 13 are connected at least partly by means of the movement system 16. In particular, the lifter 12 is connected in the proximity of the upper portion 13b of the support 13 at least partly by means of the movement system 16.

[0061] In detail, the movement system 16 is configured to move the lifter 12 with respect to the support 13 when moving from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa.

[0062] In one embodiment, the movement system 16 comprises passive movement means 17 connected to the lifter 12. The passive movement means 17 are configured to move the lifter 12 from the spaced position to the close position in response to a previous displacement of the lifter 12 from the close position to the spaced position. In detail, the passive means 17 may comprise elastic elements connected to the lifter 12 and to the support 13. The elastic elements may particularly be a pair of elastic elements. For example, the elastic elements may comprise springs configured to move the lifter 12 back to the close position from the spaced position.

[0063] The springs may be connected to the lifter 12 in such a way that they are in a starting configuration when the lifter 12 is in the close position, and in an elongated or compressed configuration when the lifter 12 is in the spaced position. According to one aspect, the movement system 16 may comprise active movement means 18 connected to the lifter 12 and configured to move the lifter 12 among a plurality of close positions. In detail, each close position has a respective first distance.

[0064] In more detail, the lifter 12 is positionable in each of the plurality of close positions as a function of the height of the material from the transport surface of the conveyor belt 7. In other words, the active means 18 place the lifter 12 in a close position of the plurality of close positions at a respective first distance from the conveyor belt 7 as a function of the size and height of the material arranged on the transport surface 11 so that the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7, when transported, does not impact and damage the lifter 12.

[0065] In one embodiment, the movement system 16 comprises both active movement means 18 and passive movement means 17. The active means 18 and the passive means 17 are connected to each other and configured to operate in conjunction for the movement of the lifter 12 between the plurality of close positions and the spaced position.

[0066] In detail, the active means 18 may comprise cylinders connected to the lifter 12 and to the support 13. Specifically, the active means 18 comprise a pair of cylinders, wherein each cylinder is connected to the lifter 12 and to the support 13.

[0067] According to one aspect, each cylinder is connected to a respective elastic element, specifically to a respective spring. The lifter 12 and the support 13 are connected by means of the cylinders and of the elastic elements. In detail, each spring extends between one end attached to the rod of a respective cylinder and one opposite end connected to the upper portion 13b of the support 13.

[0068] According to one aspect, the lifter 12 extends along a direction of development C-C. In detail, the direction of development C-C of the lifter 12 is transverse to the direction of movement of the material on the conveyor belt. The direction of development C-C of the lifter 12 is transverse to the longitudinal direction A-A. The evacuation belt 19 develops along the direction of development C-C. Specifically, the evacuation belt 19 is configured to move along a trajectory parallel to the direction of development C-C. In other words, the evacuation belt 19 is configured to transport the metallic material away from the conveyor belt 7 along a direction which is transverse to the direction of movement of the material arranged on the conveyor belt 7.

[0069] In one embodiment, the lifter 12 comprises a clamping element 21 connected to the magnet and to the conveyor belt 7 and configured to retain the conveyor belt 7 where the magnet is located. Specifically, the clamping element 21 is removable to allow the evacuation belt 19 to be removed. In detail, the clamping element develops along the direction of development C-C and allows the movement of the evacuation belt along or parallel to the direction of development C-C of the lifter 12.

[0070] According to one aspect, the magnetic separator 8 comprises a control unit in signal communication with the movement system 16. The control unit is configured to command the movement system 16 to move the lifter 12 between the close position and the spaced position, especially among the plurality of close positions and the spaced position.

[0071] In one embodiment, the control unit is in signal communication with the active means and configured to command the active means to move the lifter 12 among the plurality of close positions. Specifically, the control unit is in signal communication with each cylinder and configured to operate each cylinder to move the lifter 12 among the plurality of close positions.Perfected magnetic separator crushing and / or screening plant

[0072] The present invention also relates to a crushing and / or screening plant 1 comprising the perfected magnetic separator 8 in accordance with the present description.

[0073] According to one aspect, the plant 1 comprises a conveyor belt 7 mainly extending along the longitudinal direction A-A between the input portion 7a adapted to receive the material and the opposite evacuation portion 7b. The conveyor belt 7 has a transport surface 11 and is configured to transport a volume of material from the input portion 7a to the evacuation portion 7b. In detail, the conveyor belt is configured to transport the material along the longitudinal direction A-A. Specifically, the volume of material comprises one or more of an inert material, a material to be worked and a worked or processed material.

[0074] In one embodiment, the magnetic separator 8 is connected to the conveyor belt 7 and placed along the longitudinal direction A-A between the input portion 7a and the evacuation portion 7b. In detail, the magnetic separator 8 is placed connected to the conveyor belt 7 by means of the support 13. More specifically, the lifter 12 of the magnetic separator 8 is arranged so that the direction of development C-C of the separator 8 is transverse to the conveyor belt 7.

[0075] According to one aspect, the plant comprises a frame 2 connected to the conveyor belt 7 and to the support 13 of the magnetic separator. In detail, the lower portion of the support 13 is attached to the frame 2 or to the conveyor belt 7.

Claims

1. Perfected magnetic separator (8) for the detection and removal of magnetic material from a volume of material arranged on a transport surface (11) of a conveyor belt (7), the magnetic separator (8) comprising a lifter (12) which is associable with the conveyor belt (7) and adapted to attract and transport the magnetic material, and wherein: - the lifter (12) is movable with respect to the conveyor belt (7) towards / away from the transport surface (11) between: - a close position wherein the lifter (12) has a first distance from the conveyor belt (7), - a spaced position wherein the lifter (12) has a second distance which is greater than the first distance from the conveyor belt (7), and - the lifter (12) is configured to move from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa depending on a protrusion of the material arranged on the conveyor belt (7) with respect to the first distance.

2. Magnetic separator (8) according to the preceding claim, comprising a support (13) connected to the lifter (12) and associable with the conveyor belt (7), the support (13) is adapted to position the lifter (12) substantially in the proximity of the conveyor belt (7).

3. Magnetic separator (8) according to the preceding claim, wherein the lifter (12) is movable with respect to the support (13), the lifter (12) is configured to move with respect to the support (13) in the movement from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa.

4. Magnetic separator (8) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 3, wherein the support (13) defines a direction of movement (X-X), the lifter (12) being movable along the direction of movement (X-X) towards / away from the transport surface (11), the direction of movement being transverse to the transport surface (11), preferably the direction of movement being perpendicular to the transport surface (11).

5. Magnetic separator (8) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a movement system (16) connected to the lifter (12) and configured to: - move the lifter (12) from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa, and / or - move the lifter (12) from the close position to the spaced position depending on a contact between the lifter (12) and at least one portion of the material arranged on the conveyor belt (7).

6. Magnetic separator (8) according to the preceding claim, when dependent on any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the lifter (12) and the support (13) are connected by means of the movement system (16), the movement system (16) being configured to move the lifter (12) with respect to the support (13) in the movement from the close position to the spaced position and vice versa.

7. Magnetic separator (8) according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 6, wherein the movement system (16) comprises: passive movement means (17) connected to the lifter (12) and configured to move the lifter (12) from the spaced position to the close position as a result of a displacement of the lifter (12) from the close position to the spaced position, and / or active movement means (18) connected to the lifter (12) and configured to move the lifter (12) between a plurality of close positions, each close position having a respective first distance.

8. Magnetic separator (8) according to the preceding claim, when dependent on any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the movement system (16) comprises active movement means (18) and passive movement means (17), the active means (18) comprising a pair of cylinders and the passive means (17) comprising a pair of elastic elements, each cylinder being connected to a respective elastic element, the lifter (12) and the support (13) being connected by means of said cylinders and said elastic elements.

9. Magnetic separator (8) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifter (12) comprises: a magnet adapted to attract magnetic material, and an evacuation belt (19) arranged around the magnet and configured to receive and transport the magnetic material, a blocking element connected to the magnet and to the conveyor belt (7) and configured to retain the conveyor belt (7) at the magnet, the blocking element being removable to allow the evacuation belt (19) to be removed.

10. Crushing and / or screening plant (1), comprising: a magnetic separator (8) according to any one of the preceding claims, and a conveyor belt (7) mainly extending along a longitudinal direction (A-A) between an input portion (7a) adapted to receive material and an opposite evacuation portion (7b), the conveyor belt (7) having a transport surface (11) and being configured to transport a volume of material from the input portion (7a) to the evacuation portion (7b), wherein the magnetic separator (8) is connected to the conveyor belt (7) and placed along the longitudinal direction (A-A) between the input portion (7a) and the evacuation portion (7b).

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