Moldable bicycle saddles, external saddle heaters, fitting procedures, and related technologies

Abstract

A bicycle saddle can be customized to a rider's body to achieve desired support and comfort. The support shell is configured to support a rider's body and can be heated by an external heater and / or at least one internal thermal element operable to heat the bicycle saddle such that the saddle is molded to the rider. A molding indicator in thermal contact with the saddle measures a molding factor, such as temperature or deflection, and visually indicates the measured molding factor for molding the bicycle saddle. A manifold can be attached to the saddle to circulate heated air underneath the saddle to heat targeted thermoformable regions. The saddle can be configured for non- uniform thermoforming at various regions. The regions can be, for example, thinned / thickened regions, zones with molding features, such as dimples, that can be part of a covering, thermoformable padding, shells or support members, rails, or the like.

Description

MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, EXTERNAL SADDLE HEATERS, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIESCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application No. 18 / 155,653, filed on January 17, 2023, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, EXTERNAL SADDLE HEATERS, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 499,642, filed October 12, 2021 , entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, EXTERNAL SADDLE HEATERS, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” which is a continuation of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 006,716, filed August 28, 2020, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, EXTERNAL SADDLE HEATERS, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 894,597, filed August 30, 2019, entitled “EXTERNAL HEATERS FOR MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 006,716 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 518,757, filed July 22, 2019, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” which is a continuation of U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 358,600, filed March 19, 2019, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES” (now U.S. Patent No. 10,399,626), which is a continuation of International Application No. PCT / IB2018 / 001482, filed September 17, 2018, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES, FITTING PROCEDURES, AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES,” which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 560,095, filed September 17, 2017, entitled “MOLDABLE BICYCLE SADDLES AND FITTING PROCEDURES FOR THE SAME,” all of which applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of heaters, moldable bicycle saddles, and fitting procedures. In particular, the present disclosure relates to customizable bicycle saddles, heaters for heating moldable seats, and fitting procedures.BACKGROUND

[0003] Bicycles are used throughout the world for recreation, exercise, and transportation. Conventional bicycle saddles may not comfortably support a rider’s sit bones, which can lead to discomfort and pain. Conventional bicycle saddles may also not be well suited for many riders because anatomies often vary greatly. Additionally, if the rider’s weight or size changes significantly, a saddle may become uncomfortable, requiring installation of a new saddle.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] Figure 1 is a side view of a bicycle with a customized bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0005] Figure 2 is a rear view of a rider sitting on the bicycle saddle of Figure 1 .

[0006] Figure 3 is a rear perspective view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 1.

[0007] Figure 4 is an isometric view of a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0008] Figure 5 is an exploded isometric view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 4.

[0009] Figure 6 is a top plan view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 4.

[0010] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 6 taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6.

[0011] Figure 8 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a portion of the bicycle saddle of Figure 7.

[0012] Figure 9 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a portion of the bicycle saddle of Figure 7 after customization.

[0013] Figure 10 is a bottom perspective view of an inner support shell in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0014] Figure 11 is an isometric view of the inner support shell of Figure 10.

[0015] Figure 12 is a top plan view of the inner support shell of Figure 10.

[0016] Figure 13 is an isometric view of internal components of a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0017] Figure 14 is an isometric view of a thermal assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0018] Figure 15 is a top plan view of the thermal assembly of Figure 14.

[0019] Figures 16A and 16B are exploded isometric views of a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0020] Figure 17A is a transverse cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle of Figures 16A and 16B.

[0021] Figure 17B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle of Figures 16A and 16B.

[0022] Figure 18 is an exploded isometric view of a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0023] Figure 19 is top plan view of a support shell in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0024] Figure 20A is a cross-sectional view of the support shell taken along line 20a-20a of Figure 19.

[0025] Figure 20B is a cross-sectional view of the support shell taken along line 20b-20b of Figure 19 in accordance with another embodiment of the technology.

[0026] Figure 21 illustrates a system for customizing a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0027] Figure 22 is a method for fitting a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0028] Figure 23 illustrates a system for customizing a bicycle saddle in accordance with another embodiment of the technology.

[0029] Figure 24 is a method for fitting a bicycle saddle in accordance with another embodiment.

[0030] Figure 25 is a bottom isometric view of a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0031] Figure 26 is a front view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 25.

[0032] Figure 27 is a top plan view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 25.

[0033] Figure 28 is a top plan view of a saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0034] Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of the saddle taken along line 29-29 of Figure 28 prior to performing a fitting process.

[0035] Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view of the saddle taken along line 29-29 of Figure 28 after completing the fitting process.

[0036] Figure 31 is a bottom view of a bicycle saddle and an external heater in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0037] Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the saddle and external heater taken along line 32-32 of Figure 31.

[0038] Figure 33 is a side view of an external heater in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0039] Figure 34 is an isometric view of a bicycle saddle with a molding indicator to monitor a heating process in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0040] Figure 35 is a side view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 34.

[0041] Figure 36 is a top plan view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 34.

[0042] Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 34 taken along line 37-37 of Figure 36.

[0043] Figure 38 is an exploded top isometric view of the bicycle saddle of Figure34.

[0044] Figure 39 is an exploded bottom isometric view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 34.

[0045] Figure 40 is an exploded isometric view of a bicycle saddle with an internal heater and a molding indicator in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0046] Figure 41 is a bottom plan view of the bicycle saddle of Figure 40 with one embodiment of the molding indicator.

[0047] Figure 42 is a bottom plan view of an internally heatable bicycle saddle with one embodiment of the molding indicator.

[0048] Figure 43 illustrates one of the molding indicators in Figure 42.

[0049] Figures 44A and 44B are partially transparent side and bottom views of a bicycle saddle and a heat flow manifold in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0050] Figure 45A is a bottom view of a thermoformable portion including a plurality of dimples in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0051] Figure 45B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a bicycle saddle including the thermoformable portion of Figure 45A.

[0052] Figure 46A is a bottom view of a thermoformable portion including varying thickness regions in accordance with an embodiment of the technology.

[0053] Figure 46B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a bicycle saddle including the thermoformable portion of Figure 46A.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONOverview

[0054] In some embodiments, a customizable bicycle saddle can have a thermoformable material moldable to conform to the user’s anatomy to achieve a desired level of comfort, performance, and / or body position. The saddle can be molded multiple times to achieve a desired customized fit. The saddle can be heated using a heater that is integrated into the saddle or an external heater (e.g., an external heater assembly) that can be temporarily mounted to the saddle. In integrated heater embodiments, the heater can be embedded underneath padding such that the rider cannot feel the heater during normal use. In external heater embodiments, the heater can be temporarily installed underneath the saddle to thermally contact thermoformable material of the saddle. The external heater can be removed after completing a thermoforming process. This can reduce the overall weight of the saddle and allow reuse of the heater to thermoform additional saddles.

[0055] The heaters can include addressable thermal elements operable to heat different regions of the saddle. By selectively molding specific regions of a saddle, a highly customized fit can be achieved. For example, if one region of the saddle provides a desired fit, that region can remain at a low temperature (e.g., at or near room temperature) while another region of the saddle that does not provide a desired fit is thermoformed. Additionally, feedback from sensors can be used to control the thermoforming process. The sensors can be temperature sensors, pressure sensors, or other sensors suitable for providing signals indicative of support provided by the saddle. In some embodiments, the heater can have selectively addressable regions each independently operable to provide localized heating. Each region can be controlled based on output, readings, etc. from the sensors at that region.

[0056] The bicycle saddle can have a support shell and a padding or cushioning member covering the support shell. The cushioning member can serve as an insulator that limits or inhibits heat transfer from the internal heaters to the rider. This allows the upper surface of bicycle saddle to remain at a sufficiently low temperature to inhibit or prevent discomfort or burning of the rider. For example, the upper surface of the saddle can be kept at or below a first temperature (e.g. , 40°C, 41 °C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, or 46°C) while a moldable element of the support shell is at a molding temperature (e.g., 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, or 80°C). The moldable element can be made, in whole or in part, of a thermoplastic material. In other embodiments, the moldable element can be made, in whole or in part, of the thermoset material. The support shell can have a rigid base shell that not plastically deformed during the molding process. In various heating procedures, the saddle can be preheated by the heaters. After the rider sits on the saddle, the heaters can periodically or continuously heat the saddle. The internal or external heaters can be controlled based, at least in part, on data collected while the rider sits on the saddle. The heater can be communicatively coupled to a controller and / or power source that controls the thermoforming process.

[0057] In some embodiments, a heater assembly for heating a customizable bicycle saddle includes a deployable body and a heater carried by the deployable body. The heater assembly is configured to be removably coupled to the bicycle saddle such that the heater assembly is in thermal contact with at least one thermoformable region of thebicycle saddle. The heater heats the thermoformable region to mold the bicycle saddle to the rider’s anatomy while the rider sits on the bicycle saddle.

[0058] The heater assembly can be installed between the saddles and rails to which the saddle is mounted. The heater assembly can be moved to an expanded configuration to limit, inhibit, or substantially prevent movement of the heater assembly relative to the saddle. When installed, the heater assembly can be positioned to be in thermal contact with the thermoformable regions of the saddle.

[0059] The heater assembly can include one or more thermal elements operable to heat all of the thermoformable regions or selected thermoformable regions (e.g., thermoformable regions to which pressures are applied). The thermoformable regions can be heated to a predetermined temperature, such as a softening temperature, a glass transition temperature, ora melt temperature. The thermal elements can be addressable to provide for selective heating of specific thermoformable regions. In some embodiments, the addressable thermal elements are positioned to heat respective sections of thermoformable region(s) of the bicycle saddle. The region(s) can retain their molded shape when at room temperature and be remolded when heated above a predetermined temperature.

[0060] The deployable body can be capable of being inflated while being positioned between the saddle and the rails to which the saddle is mounted. As the deployable body is inflated (e.g., inflated to a pressure of about 5-10 psi), it can push against the bottom of the saddle and upper portions of the rails to achieve a relatively snug fit within the limited space underneath the saddle. The deployable body can have relief features that accommodate bolts, mounting brackets, or other components located proximate to the saddle-bicycle interface. This allows the heater assembly to be installed and used without adjusting the seat installation and / or set up. After thermoforming the bicycle saddle, the deployable body can be deflated to allow convenient removal of the heater assembly from the saddle without unmounting the saddle from the bike. Advantageously, the heater assembly can be removed while the rider continues to sit on the saddle and the thermoformable material cools.

[0061] In some embodiments, a method forfitting a bicycle saddle includes coupling an external heater assembly to the bicycle saddle. Thermoformable material of the bicycle saddle can be heated using the heater assembly. A rider can be supported bythe bicycle saddle to thermoform the heated material to the rider’s body. The thermoformed material can be cooled. The saddle fit can be evaluated to determine whether the desired support is achieved. Any number of thermoforming processes can be performed. After achieving the desired fit, the external heater can be removed from the bicycle saddle.

[0062] Seat pressure data can be collected to evaluate the thermoforming process. Pre-molded seat pressure can be obtained to evaluate an initial or pre-molded fit. Postmolded seat pressure can be obtained to evaluate the post-molded fit. The pre-molded seat pressure and the post-molded seat pressure can be compared to determine whether the saddle provides the desired support. The data can be collected using one or more sensors embedded within the bicycle saddle, external sensors applied to the upper surface of the saddle, or sensors at other locations suitable for providing feedback indicative of saddle fit.

[0063] In some further embodiments, a method for fitting a bicycle saddle includes heating the bicycle saddle using a heater assembly. The heated bicycle saddle is molded by the rider’s body. After molding is completed, the heater assembly is separated from the bicycle saddle. In some fitting sessions, the heater assembly is removed while the rider sits on the warmed bicycle saddle.

[0064] The method can include determining whether to remold the bicycle saddle based on one or more sensor measurements, rider feedback, visual inspection, performance data (e.g., rider performance data), etc. The determination can be made based on a controller module (e.g., a computer, a controller, etc.) receiving data from a monitoring system installed on the bicycle saddle. The monitoring system can include internal sensors, external sensors, or other components associated with a saddle. In some embodiments, a technician can evaluate the rider’s feedback and determine whether to remold the bicycle saddle.

[0065] In some embodiments, an external heater heats a customizable bicycle saddle that includes a support shell configured to support a rider’s body. The external heater is capable of heating the support shell to mold the support shell to a rider’s anatomy. The heater can heat discrete regions of the support shell that are subjected to relatively high applied pressures. For example, thermal elements of the heater can be positioned to heat regions of the support shell that support the rider’s sit bones to apredetermined temperature equal to or greater than a softening temperature, a glass transition temperature, or a melt temperature of those regions. In some embodiments, the thermal elements can heat most of or the entire support shell.

[0066] A rider can use the saddle without being able to detect the heater because the heater can be positioned underneath the shell. When the heater is turned on, it can generate a sufficient amount of thermal energy for molding the thermoformable panels. Any number of thermoforming processes can be performed to achieve a desired fit. The saddle can be allowed to cool to the ambient temperature (e.g., room temperature) to set the shape of the saddle. The molding process can be performed any number of times to achieve the desired fit. The heater can be removed and used to perform a molding procedure on other bicycle saddles. This allows the saddles to be kept at a relatively low weight and reduces the likelihood of damage to the reusable heater.

[0067] In some embodiments, a bicycle saddle includes a plurality of receiving features and one or more thermoformable panels overlaying the receiving features of a base shell. The panels can be customized to the rider’s body. For example, each panel can be positioned directly underneath one of the user’s sit bones while the rider uses the saddle. The panels can be molded when heated above a predetermined temperature that can be at least 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, or 40°C above room temperature, so the panels maintain their molded shape when used in normal environments. A heater can selectively heat the panels.

[0068] The saddle can be molded to achieve a desired reduction in the highest rider applied pressure, typically underneath the rider’s sit bones. The reduction can be equal to or less than, for example, about 3%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30%. For example, the highest pressure applied by the rider’s sit bones to the saddle can be reduced at least about 5% by the fitting process. The cushion material that overlays the support shell can be selected to further enhance comfort.

[0069] A thermal insulating molding cover can be placed on the support shell prior to molding. Once molding has been completed, another cover and padding can be installed on the support shell. A foam cushion can be installed to provide desired comfort. In other embodiments, the cushioning member can be permanently coupled to the support shell, and the support shell can be molded while the cushioning member provides thermal insulation.

[0070] A customizable bicycle saddle can comprise a support shell and a customizable ischial tuberosity panel. The support shell can include a first receiving feature and a second receiving feature. The ischial tuberosity panel can include one or more moldable materials, thermoplastic materials, or the like. In some embodiments, the panel includes a first ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion positionable in the first receiving feature and a second ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion positionable in the second receiving feature. The ischial tuberosity panel can be configured to mold to a rider’s anatomy sitting on the customizable bicycle saddle after the thermoformable ischial tuberosity panel has been heated above a predetermined temperature.

[0071] The customizable ischial tuberosity panel can be configured to retain the rider’s geometry when at room-temperature and is configured to be remolded when heated above the predetermined temperature. The inner support shell has a spine extending longitudinally along the bicycle saddle, and the spine is positioned between the first and second receiving features. The predetermined temperature can be a softening temperature, glass transition temperature, or a melt temperature of the thermoplastic material. The properties of the panel can be selected based on the desired customization process.

[0072] A method for fitting a bicycle saddle includes sensing a first pressure applied by a rider to the bicycle saddle, heating a moldable panel of the bicycle saddle, using an external heater, and molding the heated moldable panel to at least a portion of the rider. After molding the moldable panel, a second pressure applied by the rider to the bicycle saddle is sensed and compared to the first pressure. The method can further include detecting applied pressures to determine whether to reheat the moldable panel. The heater can be removed from the molded saddle.

[0073] The bicycle saddles can be formed in multi-step processes. For example, a support shell can be thermoformed to the rider’s body. In a separate process, a cushioning member (e.g., cushioning member 170 of Figure 5) can be customized in another process, such as a thermoforming process. This allows different parts of saddles to be customized individually to provide a desired fit. Although the bicycle saddles can be molded when fully assembled, the bicycle saddles can be partially or completely disassembled for molding and then reassembled. The dimensions, configurations, and materials of the seats or saddles can be selected based on the anatomy of the rider.Additionally, materials, saddles, techniques disclosed herein can be used with other types of seats or support elements.

[0074] In further embodiments, moldable elements of a saddle can extend across a substantial portion of the area that supports most of the rider’s weight during use. In some embodiments, the moldable elements support at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of the user’s weight applied to the saddle. Other portions of the saddle can be made of semi-rigid or rigid materials that generally maintain its shape. This allows the saddle to have selectively moldable regions suitable for thermoforming areas at which substantial pressure is applied. The rigid frame maintains the general overall contours and configuration of the saddle. In some embodiments, the moldable elements can be cushioning elements made, in whole or in part, of one or more thermoformable foams.

[0075] In some embodiments, a bicycle saddle includes a thermoformable portion and one or more molding indicators in thermal contact with the thermoformable portion. The molding indicators are configured to measure a molding factor and visually indicate the measured molding factor for molding the thermoformable portion. The molding indicators can be thermal indicators that measure and indicate a temperature (e.g., surface temperature, internal temperature, average temperature, etc.) of the thermoformable portion. In some embodiments, the thermal indicators can further indicate whether the measured temperature is below, within, or above a target forming temperature range of the thermoformable portion. The molding indicators can also be deflection indicators that measure and indicate a deflection of the thermoformable portion.

[0076] In some embodiments, a saddle can be configured for non-uniform thermoforming at various regions. The regions can be, for example, thinned / thickened regions, zones with molding features (e.g., recesses, dimples, through holes), or the like that can be part of a covering, thermoformable padding, shells or support members, rails, or the like. In some embodiments, an external heater can be thermally coupled to the saddle by one or more air-flow or heat flow manifolds. The external heater can output heated air that flows through the manifold to heat the saddle. The manifold can be configured circulate the heated air underneath the saddle to heat targeted thermoformable regions. The airflow rate, temperature of the air, and / or configuration of the manifold can be selected based on the desired molding process. In someembodiments, the saddle can include an embedded heater located between, for example, foam layers of a cushion, between a cushion and a base or shell, or other components of saddle.

[0077] In some embodiments, an air-flow or heat flow manifold can be configured to direct a heated air stream to flow along one or more targeted regions of a saddle. The manifold can be detachably coupled to, for example, the saddle, a post, rails, or other features. The manifold can be detachably or permanently coupled to a heat flow source (e.g., a heat gun), air hoses, or other components of heat sources. Heated air can be delivered through an inlet of the manifold and flow along the saddle. The manifold can form a generally airtight seal with the saddle such that the air spreads outwardly underneath the hip bone regions of the saddle. The manifold can include, without limitation, one or more conduits, fins, baffles, and / or flow directors configured to generate desired circulation, flow paths, and / or air flows (e.g., turbulent flow, laminar flow, etc.), or the like. The heated airflow can exit the manifold via an outlet, which can direct exiting air downwardly away from the saddle and bicycle components (e.g., seat post), thereby preventing overheating or thermal damage to the saddle and / or bicycle. In some embodiments, the outlet can include, without limitation, one or more vents, openings, or the like. The air-flow manifold can be made, whole or in part, of plastic, metal, or other suitable materials and can be configured to fit directly beneath the saddle. The configuration, size, and features the manifold can be selected based on a configuration the saddle, the heat source, one or more parameters of the fitting process (e.g., target forming temperature, length of fitting process, weight of rider, type of bicycle, etc.), or the like.

[0078] In some embodiments, the manifold can include a seat post attachment system configured to clamp to the seat post. The seat post attachment system can comprise one or more clamps, fasteners, locks, and / or other components. The manifold can fit over and / or above mounting rails and can include one or more insulating regions to thermally insulate non-target regions, such as non-moldable regions of the saddle, to prevent excess heating. This allows for heating of localized regions of the saddle.

[0079] A user can select different manifolds to be used with different saddles. A thermoforming kit can include multiple manifolds of different sizes. A user can analyze the saddle and can then select a manifold based on the configuration of the saddle. Afterperforming a thermoforming process, the manifold can be replaced with another manifold to perform another thermoforming process. This process can be repeated any number of times. Additionally, the saddle can also include one or more internal heaters that can be used in one or more of the thermoforming steps, perform thermoforming at a later time (e.g., when the rider wants to reform the saddle while or after riding), and / or warm the saddle for riding comfort.

[0080] In some embodiments, a saddle includes moldable component (e.g., base, shell, moldable panel, etc.) with one or more features that affect thermoforming. The features can include, for example, dimples, through holes, recesses, variable thickness regions, thinned regions, etc. The number, pitch, spacing, depth, and / or configuration of the features can be selected based on the thermoforming to be performed. For example, relatively large dimples (e.g., 4mm diameter dimples, 5mm diameter dimples, 6mm diameter dimples, etc.) can be formed along the sit bone regions at variable or uniform spacing. Relatively smaller dimples can surround the sit bone region. For example, a medium dimple zone of medium dimples having a depth of about 1 mm diameter dimples, 2mm diameter dimples, etc.) can surround the large dimple zone. A small dimple zone comprising a plurality of relatively small dimples can surround the medium dimple zone and extend along the periphery of the saddle. The small dimple regions can have dimples having diameters of 0.5mm, 1 mm, or the like. During molding, the relatively large dimple zone can experience greater deformation due to, for example, less material being present as compared to the medium and small dimple zones.

[0081] In some embodiments, a saddle can have variable thickness moldable components, such as a cushion, a base, a shell, or a frame. For example, a variable thickness frame can include locally thinned regions of a thermoformable base or shell. The thinned regions can have a thickness in a range of about 0.5mm to about 2mm, about 1 mm to about 1 ,5mm., or other suitable ranges. The frame can include peripheral regions with relatively large thicknesses such that greater deformations can be achieved in the thinned regions. The thickened regions can bear less loads during fitting and can generally maintain their shape during the molding process. For example, the thickness of the thickened regions can be, for example, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, or greater. A cushioning material can overlay the variable thickness frame. In some embodiments, the cushioning material can include one or more layers, including non-moldable layers, moldable layers, etc. For example, moldable layers can include a thermoformable material.

[0082] In some embodiments, saddles can include a cushion, padding, an upper layer, intermediate layer, and / or a lower layer made of one or more thermoformable foams. Thermoformable foam can be opened or closed cell foam. This allows for a combination of components to be molded to achieve a desired fit. In some embodiments, the saddle can include different types of cushion materials underneath or above a thermoformable cushioning layer. The composition, thickness, and number of layers in a thermoformable cushioning layer can be selected based on the desired functionality.

[0083] A saddle can include one or more internal heaters used for non-molding purposes. For example, the internal heater can be used to warm the saddle to a comfortable temperature before and / or during a ride. For example, the saddle can be warmed to a target riding temperature prior to a rider staring a ride. During the ride, the generated thermal energy can be adjusted to compensate for heat generated by the rider to keep the saddle at a target temperature or within a target temperature range. In some embodiments, the saddle can include one or more thermoelectric devices (e.g., Peltier devices) that can either heat or cool the saddle to a target temperature or temperature range before and / or during a ride. The saddle can be warmed or cooled based on a stored schedule, programmed time(s), user input, etc. so that the saddle is comfortable for riding. The thermoelectric devices can include one or more controllers having processors and memory. This allows the bicycle to be stored outdoors in extreme high or low temperatures. The thermoelectric devices can also be used for thermoforming processing to adjust the saddle fit.Moldable Bicycle Saddles and Fitting Procedures

[0084] Figure 1 is a side view of a bicycle 100 with a bicycle frame 106, a seat post 108, and a bicycle saddle or seat 110 (“saddle 110”). The saddle 110 is connected to the bicycle frame 106 by the seat post 108. The saddle 110 can be custom fit to a rider using a fitting procedure involving thermoforming the saddle 110 to the rider’s anatomy. The customized saddle 110 can provide a comfortable fit and can be reshaped any number of times to adjust the fit. If the rider’s weight or size changes significantly, the saddle 110 can be remolded, for example. The bicycle 100 can be a road bike, mountain bike, touring bike, cruiser bicycle, or other type of bicycle.

[0085] The saddle 110 can be configured and customized based on the rider’s anatomy, bicycle configuration, and / or other fitting criteria. For example, a female-specific saddle may be wider than a male-specific saddle because an average female typically has wider spacing between ischial tuberosities (i.e., sit bones). In another example, the saddle 110 can be a touring saddle or seat with a relatively long narrow nose for long distance rides. The configuration (e.g., overall shape), properties (e.g., cushioning properties), and construction of the saddle can be selected based on, for example, the saddle’s intended use.

[0086] Figure 2 is a rear view of a rider’s bones when sitting on the saddle 110. Figure 3 shows the saddle 110 with moldable regions or portions 150, 152 (illustrated in a dashed line). The moldable portions 150, 152 can be positioned at desired locations to manage applied pressures. In some embodiments, the moldable portions 150, 152 can be positioned generally underneath respective sit bones 140, 142 (Figure 2). The moldable portions 150, 152 can include one-piece or multi-piece moldable panels, moldable layers (e.g., one or more foam layers), pads, inserts, or other elements that can be reshaped (e.g., via a thermal process) to conform to a user’s body. A moldable foam layer can include, without limitation, open-cell foam, closed-cell foam, orthe like. In some embodiments, a saddle includes a cushion having a stack of layers. The stack can include both non-moldable foam layer(s) and moldable foam layer(s). For example, one or more moldable foam layers can be positioned above and / or below one or more non- moldable foam layers. The configuration, number of moldable regions and / or layers, and their locations can be selected based on the configuration of the bicycle. For example, the sizes of the moldable regions for a road bicycle saddle can be different than the sizes of moldable regions for a mountain bicycle saddle. Although moldable panels are discussed primarily in the context of managing the pressure points associated with sit bones, the seats and saddles disclosed herein can be configured to manage pressures at other locations and can be fitted with or without taking any measurements during the fitting process.

[0087] Figure 4 is an isometric view of the saddle 110 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The saddle 110 can include a rail system 160 that can connect the bicycle saddle 110 to the seat post. The rail system 160 can include a pair of rails made, in whole or in part, of metal (e.g., titanium, aluminum, steel, etc.), polymers, composite materials (e.g., carbon fiber composite material, metal coated composite materials, etc.), or other suitable material. The configuration of the rail system 160 can be selected based on the connection to the seat post. The saddle 110 can also includea covering 180 that can be made, in whole or in part, of one or more natural materials (e.g., leather, cotton, etc.), synthetic materials (e.g., synthetic leather, nylon, etc.), or other suitable materials and can include one or more features, such as an optional groove, channel, or cutout 168.

[0088] Figure 5 is an isometric exploded view of the saddle 110 that includes an inner or base support shell 162, a customizable panel or region 164 (“region 164”), a thermal or thermoelectric element 166 (“thermal element 166”), and a cushioning member 170. The inner support shell 162 can be supported by the rail system 160 and can be configured to support the mass of a rider. A cover 190 can cover an end 192 of the rail system 160 and connect to the nose end 194 of the shell 162. The customizable region 164 can be integrally formed with the base support shell 162 or a separate component (shown in Figure 5). In some embodiments, the region 164 is part of the base support shell 162.

[0089] The region 164 can be made, in whole or in part, of one or more thermoplastic materials (e.g., acrylic copolymer thermoplastic), thermoset materials, or other suitable materials that can be selectively reconfigured. In multipiece embodiments, the shell 162 defines receiving features 200, 202 positioned at locations for customization. The receiving features 200, 202 can be openings, cutouts, recessed regions, or combinations thereof. The region 164 can extend across the receiving features 200, 202. During a customization process, at least a portion of region 164 is capable of passing into and / or through the features 200, 202 to conform to the rider’s anatomy, thereby limiting or minimizing high pressure areas, typically under the rider’s sit bones. After completing the customization process, the region 164 can be generally rigid to maintain its shape.

[0090] The thermal element 166 can be used to selectively heat the region 164 to a predetermined temperature (e.g., a softening temperature, a glass transition temperature, a melt temperature, or other desired temperature) and can extend across a portion or most of the upper surface of the region 164. Operation of the thermal element 166 can be controlled based on monitoring of the thermoforming process. The thermal element 166 can remain embedded in the saddle during use and can then be used to perform additional customization processes. The thermal element 166 can be sandwiched between the cushioning member 170 and the region 164 to help isolate theheating within the saddle 110. The thermal element 166 can have addressable regions 167a, 167b operable to provide independent heating of regions of the region 164. For example, the regions 167a, 167b can be independently operated to heat the underlying regions 168a, 168b, respectively, of the region 164. If the region 168a is formed to a desired shape, the other region 168b can be thermoformed without affecting the region 168a. This allows for discrete thermoforming of selected regions of the region 164. The number of addressable regions of the thermal element 166 can be selected based on the desired control of the fitting process.

[0091] The cushioning member 170 can be a thermal barrier that helps limit the temperature of outer surface of the seat, thereby preventing rider discomfort during molding. The thermal element 166 can be sufficiently compliant to conform to the molded shape of the region 164 to remain in thermal contact with the upper surface of the region 164.

[0092] Figure 6 is a top view of the saddle 110 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the saddle 110 taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6. Referring now to Figure 7, sit bone support wings or portions 220, 222 of the region 164 are positioned on either side of a central spine 230 of the shell 208. The central spine 230 can help support the rider’s weight to minimize, limit, or substantially prevent sagging, excessive pressure on the perineal gland, or the like.

[0093] Figures 7 and 8 show the portion 220 prior to molding. Figure 9 shows the portion 220 after it has been molded. The contoured surface 250 of the portion 220 has been moved downwardly to help distribute pressure applied by the rider across the upper surface of the saddle 110. The portion 220 can be molded any number of times. The portion 220 can be molded to reduce the maximum pressure applied to the seat by a predetermined amount. For example, the maximum pressure can be reduced at least about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, or other suitable amount to avoid excessive pressures. This helps distribute pressures applied by, for example, the sit bones to comfort manage pressure hot spots. The amount of displacement and contouring of the portion 220 will depend on the rider’s anatomy and weight. Additionally, the dimensions and positions of portions 220 can be selected based on the configuration of the saddle. For example, a saddle with a width of 140mm can have portions 220 that are closer together than a saddle with a width of 150mm.

[0094] Figure 10 is a bottom isometric view of the saddle 110 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. Figure 11 is a top isometric view of the shell 162. Figure 12 is a top view of the shell 162. Referring to Figures 11 and 12, the receiving features 200, 202 can be cutouts that are substantially larger than the rider’s sit bones to allow the portion of the region 164 (Figure 5) in the form of a panel extending across the openings to move downwardly into and / or through the openings. This allows the region 164 (Figure 5) to deflect a substantial amount during the molding process and avoids or limits lateral spreading of the region 164. In other embodiments, the receiving features 200, 202 can be in the form of receiving recesses or depressions that can include one or more walls, ridges, and other features for managing spreading or movement of the moldable material. The shell 162 and customized region 164 can be generally rigid to support the overlying parts of the saddle 110. The dimensions of the spine 230 and the receiving features 200, 202 can be selected based on the desired pressure to the perineal gland, sit bones, and other features of the rider. For example, saddle dimensions can be selected to ensure that the pressure on the perineal gland is no greater than a select amount of pressure (e.g., about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, or about 50% of the pressure applied to the sit bones).

[0095] Figure 13 is an isometric view of internal components of the saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The thermal element 166 can be coupled to adjacent components via adhesive, couplers (e.g., rivets), bonding agent, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the thermal element 166 can be attached, embedded, or encapsulated in the moldable region 164.

[0096] Figure 14 is an isometric view of the thermal element 166 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The thermal element 166 can include a thermoelectric element 260 (“element 260”), a connector 263, and a plug 264. The connector 263 can provide power from the plug 264 to the element 260. The connector 263 can include one or more wires, including a bundle of wires, that provide electrical energy from the plug 264 to the element 260. In some embodiments, the connector 263 can be configured to provide power to the entire element 260 for uniform heating. In selectively addressable heater embodiments, the connector 263 can have multiple sets of wires to provide for independent operation of regions 167a, 167b of the element 260. In the illustrated embodiment, the regions 167a, 167b are on opposite sides of a midline or sagittal planeof the saddle when installed. The connector 263 can include one set of wires that powers the region 167a and another set of wires that powers the region 167b.

[0097] The element 260 can include one or more regions (as discussed above) that generate heat from electrical energy. In one embodiment, each region can include nickel chromium tracing with an adhesive backing for adhering to the region 164. Additionally or alternatively, the element 166 can include one or more Peltier devices, thermoelectric devices (e.g., resistive heaters), sensors (a sensor 266 is shown in dashed line in Figure 15), or combinations thereof. The sensors can be temperature sensors, pressure sensors, contact sensors, or other sensors for providing desired detection and / or measuring. For example, temperature sensors can be used to monitor temperatures during the fitting process, and pressure sensors can be used to measure pressures to ensure a comfortable fit or to track a rider’s data. The components of the element 166 can be flexible to assume different configurations without affecting performance of the element 166. This allows the thermal element 166 to be used to perform any number of molding procedures. For example, the element 260 can be a flexible resistive heater capable of experiencing significant deformation and / or displacement without any appreciable impairment of the element 260’s heating / cooling capabilities.

[0098] Figures 16A and 16B are exploded isometric views of a bicycle saddle 270 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The saddle 270 can include an inner or base support shell 272, a thermal or thermoelectric element 276 (“thermal element 276”), and a cushioning member 277. The base support shell 272 can include a customizable region 278 (“region 278”) in thermal contact with the thermoelectric element 276. The base support shell 272 can be made, in whole or in part, of acrylic copolymer plastic, thermoplastic material, thermoset resins, or other types of moldable materials. In one embodiment, the base support shell 272 is an acrylic thermoplastic sheet or member with a thickness equal to or less than about 2.5mm, about 3mm, about 3.2mm, about 3.5mm, about 4mm, or the like. The material can be sufficiently thick to maintain its post-molded shape during normal use. In some embodiments, the base support shell 272 can include one or more thermoformable layers and can be replaceable or permanent. For example, the base support shell 272 can be a single layer made of a thermoplastic material, such as a thermoplastic blend or single thermoplastic material.

[0099] Figure 17A is a transverse cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle 270. Figure 17B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bicycle saddle 270. Figure 17A shows the thermal element 276 positioned underneath the cushioning member 277. Figure 17B shows a rail 279 coupled to the saddle 270.

[0100] The saddle and heaters, whether internal or external, can have different types of thermal elements. Exemplary thermoelements include, without limitation, heating / cooling channels, thermoelectric elements, or combinations thereof. The moldable portions of the saddle can support a significant portion of the rider’s mass. In some embodiments, the moldable portions of the saddle can support at least about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, or about 90% of the total mass of the rider such that majority of the mass supporting portion of the saddle is molded to the rider’s body. During the molding process, the rider can pedal the bicycle and assume normal riding positions. The cushioning element of the saddle can ensure that the thermoelement does not alter the cushioning characteristics of the saddle. Thermoelements can be embedded in the cushioning member, the support shell, moldable panels, or components of the saddle. In some embodiments, the thermoelement is sandwiched between the cushioning member and a moldable panel extends across one or more openings of a rigid shell. The rigid shell can maintain its shape during and / or after the molding process. For example, the rigid shell can be made of metal, carbon fiber, or another suitable material capable of withstanding relatively high temperatures without experiencing substantial permanent deformation.

[0101] Figure 18 is an exploded isometric view of a bicycle saddle 280 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The bicycle saddle 280 can include a rail system 282, a customizable support shell 284, a cushioning member 286, and a covering 288. The customizable support shell 284 can be a base shell supported by the rail system 282. An optional nose piece 283 can couple the rail system 282 to the shell 284. The description of the saddle 110 discussed in connection with Figures 1-17B applies equally to the saddle 280, except as detailed below.

[0102] The support shell 284 can include one or more integrated thermal or thermoelectric elements 296. The bicycle saddle 280 has two spaced apart thermoelectric elements 296, each positioned generally underneath the rider’s sit bonesduring use. During a molding procedure, the thermoelectric elements 296 can heat regions of the support shell made of thermoplastic material to thermoform those regions.

[0103] Figure 19 is a top view of the bicycle saddle 280 in accordance with embodiment of the technology. The support shell 284 includes a main body 287 that can be made, in whole or in part, of thermomolecular plastic materials. The thermoelectric elements 296 can be interconnected or connected resistive heaters that are attached to or embedded in the main body 287. In some embodiments, the thermoelectric elements296 can be electrically connected to one another to heat opposite sides of the saddle to uniform temperatures. In other embodiments, the thermoelectric heaters 296 can be electrically isolated to individually mold opposite sides of the saddle. For example, each side of the saddle can be molded at different times to enable enhances customization.

[0104] Figure 20A is a cross sectional view of the support shell 284 taken along line 20a-20a of Figure 19. The thermoelectric element 296 can include an array of elements297 (one identified) attached to an upper surface 299 of the main body 287. The elements 297 remain in thermal contact with the upper surface 299 throughout use. In other embodiments, the elements 297 can be attached to an undersurface 300 of the main body 287. The elements 297 can also be positioned at other locations. In some embodiments, elements 297 are positioned along both the upper surface 299 and the bottom surface 300. The position, number, and configuration of the elements 297, whether resistive elements or cooling channels, can be selected based on the desired comfort of the seat, desired heating characteristics, or the like.

[0105] Figure 20B is a cross-sectional view of the support shell 284 take along the line 20b-20b of Figure 19 in accordance with another embodiment. The description of the thermoelectric element 296 of Figures 19 and 20A apply equally to Figure 20B except as detailed below. Figure 20B shows the elements 297 embedded in the main body 287. The elements 297 can be flexible for molding the main body 287 to highly contoured shapes without damaging the thermoelectric element 296.

[0106] Figure 21 illustrates a system 380 for customizing a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The system 380 includes the bicycle 100 and a stand 378. The system 380 can include optional sensors 374, such as pressure sensors, contact sensors, force sensors, or other suitable detectors for sensing desired parameters. Electrical components of the saddle (e.g., sensors, heatingelements, etc.) can receive power from an electrical power source 371 , such as an AC outlet, via a wired connection, or power from an internal power source, such as a battery integrated into the saddle. The system 380 can also include optional rider monitoring or positioning equipment.

[0107] Figure 22 illustrates a method 400 for fitting a saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The method 400 can be performed using the systems discussed in connection with Figures 21 and 31-33 or other systems disclosed herein.

[0108] At block 377, a rider can sit on the saddle and ride the bicycle. The bicycle can be set up based on the rider’s anatomy. For example, the saddle height can be set using various fitting techniques.

[0109] At block 379, the saddle can be heated for thermoforming before or after the rider begins riding. A heating element (e.g., thermal element 166 discussed in connection with Figure 5) can be used to internally heat the region 164. The cushioning member 170 (Figure 5) can thermally insulate the element 166 to avoid overheating the rider. In some embodiments, the cushioning member 170 can be a foam covering with geometry that generally matches the geometry of the inner support shell 162. In one embodiment, the cushioning member 170 comprises, in whole or in part, urethane foam. In other embodiments, the panel can be integrated with or part of the shell or support structure of the saddle. The cushioning member 170 can thermally insulate heating elements to avoid overheating the rider. In some embodiments, the cushioning member 170 can be a foam covering with geometry that generally matches the geometry of the inner support shell 162. In one embodiment, the cushioning member 170 comprises, in whole or in part, urethane foam.

[0110] An external heating source (e.g., a forced convection heater, a hot air gun, a hair dryer, an external heater, microwave, etc.) can be used to heat the seat 110. In some procedures, the saddle is heated in an oven or another suitable heating environment. Temperature sensors can be coupled to the outside or can be located within the saddle to track the temperatures. If a moldable component of the saddle is heated with an external element, the saddle can be monitored with a temperature detector. The external element can be applied to the bottom or top of the saddle. Example external heating sources are discussed in connection with Figures 31-39 andmolding indicators in the form of temperature sensors or deflection detectors are discussed in connection with Figures 37-43.

[0111] Once customized, the saddle can be passively or actively cooled until it retains its shape. For example, a molded panel can be actively cooled via liquid (e.g., chilled water), Peltier devices, or air cooled (e.g., convection air cooled). Alternatively, the panel can be allowed to be passively cooled via the surrounding environment, which may be at or near room temperature.

[0112] At block 381 , the panel can be remolded based on rider feedback, diagnostic results, or the like. The original saddle set up and data can be compared with the unmolded seat data to compare the pressure, pressure peaks, rider feedback, or other parameters. If the desired fitting is not achieved, the method 400 can return to block 379. The panel can be thermally processed any number of times until a desired fit is achieved. If the rider’s weight or size changes significantly, the saddle may become uncomfortable. The method 400 can be performed to refit the saddle.

[0113] The heating parameters can be controlled based on riderfeedback, collected data, visual inspection (e.g., by a fitting specialist), etc. The heating parameters can include, without limitation, heating profiles, heat maps, target temperatures, or the like. The heating parameters can also be correlated to output from sensors to provide for a customized molding process. For example, selected regions of a heater can be activated corresponding to regions with relatively high pressures, thereby allowing thermoforming of the high-pressured regions only. The rider’s feedback can also be incorporated into the thermoforming process. If the rider identifies an uncomfortable region, the corresponding a region of the heater can generate thermal energy to mold the identified uncomfortable region. The saddle can have integrated sensors corresponding to the selectively heatable regions. This allows for data to be collected for each region before, during, and after a thermoforming process. The data can be analyzed to provide recommendations about additional molding processes, adjustments to the bicycle set up, or the like. Both internal and external heaters can be configured for addressable heating.

[0114] Figure 23 illustrates a system 380 for customizing a bicycle saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The system 380 includes the bicycle 100 and a fitting system 382. The fitting system 382 can include one or more sensors 384, a computing device or computer 386, and a stand 388. The sensors 384 can bepressure sensors, contact sensors, force sensors, or other suitable detectors for sensing desired parameters. In some embodiments, the sensors 384 are coupled to or integrated into the seat. In other embodiments, sensors 384 can be separate components that are placed on the seat 110 during the fitting process and then removed. Electrical components of the saddle (e.g., sensors, heating elements, etc.) can be powered by an electrical power source 285, such as an AC outlet, a battery, or the like.

[0115] A computing device 386 is in communication with the sensors 384 and can be a laptop computer, a smartphone, or other computer device. Examples of computing devices, environments, and / or configurations that may be suitable for use with the technology include, but are not limited to, personal computers, server computers, handheld or laptop devices, cellular telephones, wearable electronics, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, or the like. For example, the computing device 386 can be a tablet that communicates with the sensor 384 via a wired connection or wirelessly via a local area network. The computing device 386 can include one or more input devices that can include, for example, a mouse, a keyboard, a touchscreen, an infrared sensor, a touchpad, a wearable input device, a camera- or image-based input device, a microphone, or other user input devices.

[0116] The computing device 386 can include memory that has one or more of various hardware devices for volatile and non-volatile storage, and can include both readonly and writable memory. For example, a memory can comprise random access memory (RAM), CPU registers, read-only memory (ROM), and writable non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard drives, floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, magnetic storage devices, tape drives, device buffers, and so forth. A memory is not a propagating signal divorced from underlying hardware; a memory is thus non-transitory. Memory can include program memory that stores programs and software, such as an operating system, a data management system, and other application programs, such as fitting programs, molding programs, heating programs, or the like. The fitting programs can include instructions for determining recommendations based upon input from one or more sensors, the rider, or another source. For example, the computing device 386 can receive sensor data when a rider is supported by the saddle. Based on the received data, the computing device 386 can use the fitting program to determine an appropriate saddle configuration, position, molding process, or the like. The molding programs caninclude temperature profiles or mappings, targeted pressure mappings, pressure reduction programs, programs for controlling addressable heaters, or the like. The computing device 386 can execute instructions of the molding program to analyze data from sensors to determine how to control addressable heater assemblies. Feedback from one or more sensors and / or the rider can be used to determine, at least in part, instructions or power sent to the heater assembly. In some embodiments, the memory can store programs for performing the method discussed in connection with Figure 22.

[0117] Figure 24 illustrates a method 401 for fitting a saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The method 401 can be performed using the system discussed in connection with Figure 23 and Figures 32-34 and the description of the method 400 of Figure 22 applied equally to method 401 unless indicated otherwise.

[0118] At block 410, sensors can be installed on a bicycle saddle to map pressures applied by a user to a seat. Sensors can also be positioned in other locations along the bicycle. Additionally or alternatively, motion sensors can be used to track the rider’s movement.

[0119] At block 420, rider data can be obtained to determine one or more baseline measurements. In some procedures, pressures associated with the sit bones can be measured. The bicycle saddle can be installed on a bicycle at a desired location to achieve a desired body position. Once the bicycle is set up, the panel can be heated to a predetermined temperature suitable for molding.

[0120] At block 430, a heating element (thermal element 166 discussed in connection with Figure 5) of a thermal system can be used to internally heat the region 164. External heating elements can also be used to heat the region 164 and are discussed in connection with Figures 31-43.

[0121] Additionally or alternatively, an external heating source can be used to heat the seat 110. The panel can be heated with a hair dryer, an oven, or suitable heating environment. Temperature sensors can be coupled to the outside or can be located within the saddle to track the temperatures. If the panel is heated with an external element and then installed in the saddle, it can be monitored with a temperature detector (e.g., a laser gun) to ensure that the temperature of the panel, including temperatures across the panel, are at desired levels. For example, molding indicators including temperature sensors can be used to monitor molding when using an external heatingsource, such as heating sources discussed in connection with Figures 31-43. The molding indicator can visually output information for determining whether the seat 110 is ready for molding, preventing thermal damage to the saddle, controlling settings of heaters, adjusting positions of heaters, or the like.

[0122] At block 440, the rider can sit on the seat and can pedal the bicycle for a set period of time. At various times, the rider can change body positions for a range of normal riding positions. For example, the rider can periodically change from an upright to a forward position at regular or irregular intervals. In some procedures, the rider can pedal for two minutes, five minutes, six minutes, seven minutes, eight minutes, nine minutes, ten minutes, fifteen minutes, 20 minutes, or another length of time. The length of time the rider pedals can be selected based on the thermoforming characteristics of the panel and the temperature of the panel at the start of the pedaling period. In some fitting procedures, the rider can pedal the bicycle for a length of time generally corresponding to a length of time at which the region 164 is sufficiently warm for molding.

[0123] At block 450, rider data can be obtained. Measurements associated with the pressure applied to the seat (e.g., sit bone pressure measurements) can be continuously or periodically obtained while the user pedals the bicycle, as well as after the rider completes pedaling. If the bicycle saddle does not have internal pressure sensors, a pressure sensor (e.g., sensor 374 in Figure 21) can be installed on the bicycle saddle to take pressure recordings for a set period of time (e.g., 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 45 seconds, and 1 minute, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes). In other embodiments, the saddle can be fitted without taking rider measurements. For example, the rider can determine an appropriate fit based on comfort level without any pressure or force measurements.

[0124] At block 460, if the desired fit is achieved, the fitting procedure is completed. If the desired fitting is not achieved, the method 401 can return to block 430 to remold the saddle. The saddle can be thermally processed any number of times until a desired fit is achieved. The original saddle set up and data can be compared with the unmolded seat data to compare pressures, pressure peaks, pressure reductions, and the rider feedback.

[0125] A wide range of fitting procedures can be used for bicycle saddles disclosed herein. In some procedures, the handlebar to nose dimension and a pitch angle on thebicycle and saddle set up are measured. A pressure mapping sensor can be installed on the bicycle to take interval recordings of pressure measurements.

[0126] In some fitting procedures, moldable bicycle seat can be installed on the seat post and positioned in the same location as the previous conventional seat. A pressure sensor can be positioned on the seat for interval data collection. Optionally, the position of the seat can be micro adjusted fore-and-aft to position the sit bones within moldable regions, achieve desired comfort, or the like. Additionally, and alternatively, the pitch can be adjusted to adjust pressure at the nose. For example, the nose can be angled a certain angle (e.g. , by 1 °, 2°, 3°, 4°, etc.) from horizontal to begin the fitting process. The tilt angle can be adjusted during the fitting. Once fitted, the thermoforming process can be performed.

[0127] In some procedures, the seat saddle can be removed from the bicycle post and then heated to a desired temperature. The target temperature can be equal to or higher than about 50°C, about 55°C, about 60°C, about 65°C, about 70°C or other temperatures based on the suitable temperature of the panel for molding. Temperature sensors can be used to measure the temperature of the surface of the seat, moldable panel and / or other component. In embodiments with internal heaters of the seat saddle, the saddle can be left on the bicycle during the heating process. If the saddle is removed for heating, it can be reinstalled on the bicycle at the desired position.

[0128] A rider can mount the bicycle and can pedal for a period of time while periodically moving their position to normal riding positions. The pressure sensor can detect the pressure applied to the saddle to evaluate the fit. The data before and after the molding process can be compared to determine whether additional molding should be performed. If additional molding should be performed, the data can be analyzed to determine parameters of the molding process, such as the length of the molding process, target molding temperature, or the like. The seat saddle can be removed at any number of times at any point in time to readjust the fit as needed.

[0129] Figure 25 is an isometric view of a moldable seat saddle in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. Figure 26 is a front view of the seat saddle 403. Figure 27 is a top view of the seat saddle 403. The seat saddle 403 can be generally shorter than seat saddle 110 discussed in connection with Figures 1-19. A comparison of Figure25 to Figure 12 shows the difference in the general shape of the saddles. The saddle 403 can include any number of moldable panels.

[0130] Figure 28 is a top plan view of the saddle 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of the pre-molded saddle 500 taken along line 29-29 of Figure 28. Referring to Figure 29, the saddle 500 can include an outer layer 510, a cushioning element or layer 512, and a moldable support shell 513. The outer layer 510 can be a covering that overlays the cushioning element 512. The cushioning element 512 can be made, in whole or in part, of one or more cushioning materials, such as foam (e.g., open or closed-cell foam), padding, or combinations thereof. The moldable support shell 513 can include the moldable layer 514 and a rigid base shell or support structure 516 (“support structure 516”). The layer 514 can be positioned directly below the cushioning element 512 and supported by the support structure 516. The cushioning element 512 and / or support structure 516 may or may not be thermoformable itself.

[0131] The cushioning layer 514 can be a mono-layer or multi-layer and can be made, in whole or in part, of one or more compressible moldable materials. The layer 514 can have a thickness t between about 1 mm and about 5mm, about 2mm and about 3mm, about 3mm and about 4mm, or other suitable uniform or varying thicknesses. In certain embodiments, the thickness t can be equal to, less than, or greater than about 1 mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, or 6mm. The thickness t can be increased at regions directly beneath the sit bones to allow for significant compressibility at high pressure sites. In other embodiments, the thermoformable layer 514 can have a generally uniform thickness across the saddle width 520. This allows the saddle to be thermoformed to a wide range of different rider body geometries (e.g., female bodies, male bodies, etc.).

[0132] Figure 30 shows the thermoformable layer 514 after it has been molded. Two regions 530, 532 of the layer 514 have been compressed a distance 540. The distance 540 can be between about 0.5mm and about 1.5mm, about 1 mm and about 3mm, about 1 mm and about 5mm, or other desired amounts. The distance of compression will vary based upon the thickness of the layer 514 and the user’s weight. Each compressed area of the respective region 530, 532 can cover an area equal to, larger than, or smaller than 4 cm2, 6 cm2, 8 cm2, 10 cm2, 20 cm230 cm2, 50 cm2, or another suitable area. Additionally or alternatively, each compressed area of therespective region 530, 532 can cover an area equal to, larger than, or smaller than 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% of the total seat area. The molded regions 530, 532 of Figure 30 allow the rider’s sit bones to preferentially sit directly above the regions 530, 532, thereby helping to distribute stresses or pressures to other parts of the saddle 500 and / or helping to position the rider’s body with the saddle.

[0133] Although the cushion element 514 is illustrated as a single continuous layer across most of the width 520 of the saddle 500, the cushion element 514 can include a plurality of separate discrete thermoformable layers, panels, inserts, or the like. One thermoformable layer can be positioned on one side of the saddle 500 and another thermoformable layer 514 can be positioned on the other side of the saddle.

[0134] Figure 31 is a bottom view of a saddle 600 and an external heater assembly 610 in accordance with embodiment of the technology. Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the saddle 600 and heater assembly 610 taken along line 32-32 of Figure 31. The heater 610 generates thermal energy to heat moldable regions of the bicycle saddle 600. A rider can be supported by the bicycle saddle 600 to mold the heated thermoformable regions to the rider. After molding the saddle 600, the support provided by the molded saddle can be analyzed by the automatic heating module 690 (Figure 32), the rider, technician, or the like. The saddle can be remolded any number of times to achieve a desired fit. After an evaluation indicates that the molded saddle 600 provides the desired support to the rider, the external heater 610 can be removed from the molded bicycle saddle 600, thereby avoiding increasing the weight of the saddle 600 permanently.

[0135] Referring now to Figures 31 and 32 together, the thermoformable saddle 600 is in thermal contact with an external heater 610. The external heater assembly 610 can be configured to be removably coupled to the bicycle saddle 600 such that the heater assembly is in thermal contact with thermoformable region(s) 613 (Figure 32) of the saddle. The heater assembly 610 can further include connectors 660a, 660b that power one or more thermal elements.

[0136] The heater assembly 610 is installed between a support shell 620 and rails 630. The heater assembly 610 can include a deployable body 640 configured to be expanded to press against the rails 630 and the shell 620. The body 640 can be in the form of an inflatable bladder configured to receive fluid (e.g., air, gas, etc.), or acompressible / expandable object such as a sponge or mechanically expandable object. An inflation stem or valve 650 can be used to inflate the body 640 and can be a Schrader valve, Presta valve, or other suitable valve or stem. In Schrader valve embodiments, a conventional bike pump can be used to inflate the body 640.

[0137] A controller or automatic heating module 690 can be connected to the heating elements via the connectors 660a, 660b. The automatic heating module 690 and the pressurized air supply can be integrated together or separate components. In other embodiments, the heating module 690 and the pressurized air supply are separate components. The description of the controllers disclosed herein applies equally to the automatic heating module 690. The automatic heating module 690 can include external heating programs with instructions for operating heaters. The module 690 can also be in communication (e.g., wireless or wired connection) with one or more sensors, such as standalone sensors, sensors incorporated into the heater and / or the saddle, or the like. In addressable heater embodiments, the module 690 can command different regions of the heater to provide for non-uniform heating across the saddle. In non-addressable heater embodiments, the module 690 can control the heater to provide for general uniform heating across the region of the saddle in thermal contact with the heater assembly 610. The automatic heating module 690 and / or pressurized air supply can be powered by a corded A / C source or by an internal power supply (e.g., a rechargeable D / C battery system) for untethered use. The pressurized air supply can be controlled (e.g., via a controller or computer) to keep the bladder at a target pressure or within a range of pressures to achieve desired thermal contact. The configuration of the body 640 can be selected based on the configuration of the shell 620 and the support structure to which the saddle 600 is attached.

[0138] Figure 33 is a side view of the heater assembly 610 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The heater assembly 610 can include a laminated heater 700 with one or more thermal elements 710 (one identified in Figure 33) positioned to be placed in thermal contact with the saddle. The heating elements 710 can be positioned along the upper region of the body 640. In some embodiments, the connector 660a can include thermocouple or thermistor wires, and the connector 660a can include heater wires. In selectively addressable heater embodiments, the connector 660a can include multiple sets of thermostat wires and the connector 660b can include multiple sets ofelectrical wires. A central region 670 of the body 640 can have a reduced profile or relief to accommodate mounting clamps 680.

[0139] The thermoformable saddle 600 can include a protection element 671 (Figures 32 and 33) facing the mounting clamp 680. The protection element 671 can be a flexible reinforcement laminated panel that may contact the mounting clamp 680, including the mounting bolts. The protection element 671 can prevent damage (e.g., puncture) of the bladder when the bladder is inflated.

[0140] In operation, the inflatable heater 610 in a deflated configuration can be positioned underneath the saddle 600. Once positioned, the body 640 is configured to be inflated by delivering air via the valve 650. As the body 640 inflates, it can push the heater 700 (Figure 33) against the shell 620 of the saddle 600. In automated embodiments, the pressurized air supply can automatically inflate the body 640 to a desired level. The automated inflation can be employed to avoid user interaction and potential user error.

[0141] The body 640 can be configured to provide desired registration with the saddle. The front registration (Figure 31 ) can be achieved via a wedged front region of the body 640 pinched between the rails 630 and the shell. Rear registration (Figure 31 ) can be achieved by a rearward section of the main body 640 pressing against rearward regions of the rails 630 and / or lip of the saddle 620. The front and rear registration can inhibit, limit, or substantially prevent forward and / or rearward movement of the heater assembly 610 relative to the saddle.

[0142] To evaluate support provided by the saddle, pre-molded data can be collected, including pre-molded seat pressure data, pressure distribution data, or the like. Post-molded data can be collected and compared to the pre-molded data to determine whether the molded saddle provides desired support. Sensor measurements and / or the rider’s feedback can be used to determine whether to remold the saddle 600. In some embodiments, for example, the shell 620 has customizable tuberosity panels that can be in thermal contact with the heater 700. The heater 700 can generate sufficient thermal energy to heat the tuberosity panels above a predetermined temperature. The heater 700 overlays an upper region of the deployable body 640 and, in some embodiments, extends across most of the width of the body 640, as shown in Figure 31. This allows most of the width of the saddle to be thermoformed.

[0143] Figure 34 is an isometric view of a heater-less bicycle saddle 700 (e.g., without an internal electric heater) configured to be externally heated for molding in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. Figure 35 is a side view of the bicycle saddle 700 of Figure 34. Referring now to Figure 34, an external heater or heat source 711 (“heater 711”) can be used to externally heat a target region 713 of the bicycle saddle 700. A user can manually move the heater 711 along the saddle 700 to achieve a desired temperature for molding. The user can use different types of heat sources to heat the target region 713 to a target molding temperature or temperature range. The saddle 700 can include one or more molding indicators that visually identify the temperature of the region 713, as discussed in connection with Figures 36-39.

[0144] The heater 711 can be a heat gun that delivers heated air for heating the saddle via convection. The heater 711 can have a control input (e.g., dial or screen) to control airflow, temperature, etc. For example, the heater 711 can have the control input for selecting a fan speed, temperature (e.g., a temperature within an operating range of, for example, 120°F to 1200°F). Example heat guns can include, without limitation, electric heat guns, infrared heat guns, and other heat guns capable of locally heating target regions to the temperatures for molding disclosed herein. The configuration and features of the heater 711 be selected based on the molding process to be performed.

[0145] Figure 36 is a top plan view of the bicycle saddle 700. Figure 37 is a cross- sectional view of the bicycle saddle 700 taken along line 37-37 of Figure 36. The target region 713 can include ischial tuberosity bone supporting zones or portions 715 (“ischial tuberosity bone supporting portions 715”). Figure 37 shows an under-saddle molding indicator 770 in thermal contact with the underside of one of the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portions 715. The molding indicator 770 can display the temperature of the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portions 715. During the molding process, a user can heat the region 713 using a heat source (e.g., heat source 711 of Figure 34). For sit bone molding, the user can focus heating on the regions 715 while viewing the indicator 770 to determine when the region 713 is at a suitable temperature for starting the molding process. Advantageously, the molding indicator 770 and the applied heat (e.g., thermal energy applied via warm air) are one opposites side of the bicycle saddle 700 such that that the molding indicator 770 measures the temperature of the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portions 715 rather than measuring the applied thermal energy (e.g., warmair from a heat gun or hair dryer). The user can apply thermal energy at locations to avoid or limit affecting the accuracy of the molding indicator 770.

[0146] Figure 38 is an exploded top isometric view of the bicycle saddle 700. Figure 39 is an exploded bottom isometric view of the bicycle saddle 700. Referring now to Figures 37-39, bicycle saddle 700 includes a cushion 710, a thermoformable portion 730 covered by the cushion 710, an outer frame 740, rails 750, and a set of attachment features 760 (Figures 38-39) configured to couple the outer frame 740 to the rails 750. The bicycle saddle 700 does not include an internal heater. Instead, the thermoformable portion 730 relies on an external heater (e.g., heater 711 of Figure 34, a hair dryer, an oven) to raise its temperature to the required forming temperature.

[0147] The thermoformable portion 730 can include one or more thermoplastic composite materials. The thermoplastic composite materials can include one or more of fibers (e.g., reinforcement fibers), ABS, acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, PTFE (Teflon), and / or nylon. The thermoplastic composite material can have a matrix (e.g., a semi-amorphous polymer matrix) that provides a wider temperature range for molding than non-composite materials. Alternatively, a crystalline thermoplastic material can be used. The reinforcement fibers (e.g., glass, carbon, natural fibers) allow the thermoformable portion to be very thin and lightweight, while maintaining high strength, toughness, fatigue life, and / or ductility. The reinforcement fibers can remain under fiber tension during the molding process to limit or prevent the thermoformable portion 730 from stretching, drooping, or changing shape beyond a maximum threshold (e.g., a maximum threshold indicating what is desired for molding the bicycle saddle). Other materials disclosed herein can be used to form the thermoformable portion 730. In some embodiments, thermoformable portions can be made, in whole or in part, of ethylene vinyl acetate, polystyrene, and / or polypropylene. For example, thermoformable foam portions can be made, in whole or in part, of ethylene vinyl acetate foam, polystyrene foam, and / or polypropylene foam.

[0148] The forming temperature (i.e. , the temperature at which the thermoplastic composite material is able to mold) is low enough such that adjacent components, such as the cushion 710 and the outer frame 740, are not damaged during the molding process, and the rider does not feel discomfort or get burned due to the heat transferred through the cushion 710. However, the forming temperature is also high enough suchthat natural environmental factors (e.g., sunlight to which the bicycle saddle is exposed when left outdoors, heat inside a car parked outdoors) do not cause any unintended permanent shape changes.

[0149] The outer frame 740 can be made, in whole or in part, of metal, polymers, and / or synthetic polymer material, such as Nylon. The outer frame 740 is configured to not be damaged during the molding process. This can be achieved, for example, by the material melting or permanently deforming at a temperature higher than the forming temperature of the thermoformable portion 730 and / or by having a shape that minimizes heat exposure while maintaining its structural integrity and functionality. For example, the outer frame 740 can be configured to not contact the target molding portion, such as ischial tuberosity bone supporting portions 715 of Figures 36 and 37.

[0150] In the illustrated embodiment, the outer frame 740 is generally of a hoop shape with the central opening 741 . One advantage of this configuration is to allow easy access to the thermoformable portion 730 for viewing the set of molding indicators 770 on the bottom surface of the thermoformable portion 730. Another advantage of this shape is to avoid or minimize heat exposure to the outer frame 740 from the external heater during the molding process. Yet another advantage of this shape is that the outer frame 740 will not interfere with the desired molding of the thermoformable portion 730 during the molding process.

[0151] Referring now to Figures 37 and 39, a set of molding indicators 770 is configured to measure a molding factor and visually indicate the measured molding factor during the molding process. Depending on the position of the molding indicator 770, the measured molding factor can be specific to a sit bone region or a moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion of the thermoformable portion 730. The set of molding indicators 770 is permanently or removably attached to a bottom surface of and in thermal contact with the thermoformable portion 730, as shown in Figure 39. Therefore, the set of molding indicators 770 is not visible from the top or side, as exemplified in Figures 34- 38. This helps maintain the aesthetic appearance of the bicycle saddle while always having the set of molding indicators 770 installed, if desired. Additionally, the installed indicators 770 can be protected from contact with a rider during use. This allows the indicators 770 to remain installed for convenient remolding procedures. For example,the saddle 700 can be remolded any number of times to adjust the fit over the lifetime of the saddle.

[0152] In some embodiments, the set of molding indicators 770 can be attached to different parts or regions of the saddle 700. For example, temporary or permanent molding indicators can be attached to the upper surface of the cushion 710. The molding indicators 770 can be calibrated to indicate the temperature of the thermoformable portion 730 even though the molding indicator is thermally coupled to the cushion 710. After molding, the molding indicators 770 can be removed from the cushion 710. The saddle 700 can have positioning indicia indicating the attachment position for the molding indicators corresponding to the regions to be molded, such as the sit bone regions 715 of Figures 36 and 37.

[0153] The molding indicator 770 can be configured to display an output value visible along an exterior of the bicycle saddle. In some embodiments, the molding indicator 770 includes an electrical connector through which the molding indicator 770 outputs detected values. The molding indicator 770 can be removably coupled to (e.g., a thermal indicating sticker) or permanently embedded within the thermoformable portion 730.

[0154] In some embodiments, the molding indicator 770 is a thermal indicator for measuring a temperature. The thermal indicator can include a thermocouple, a thermistor, temperature-sensitive materials, or the like. For example, the thermal indicator can include one or more unlabeled or labeled temperature-sensitive markers that change color to indicate the temperature. The thermal indicator can also indicate whether the temperature is below, within, or above a forming temperature range of the thermoformable portion 730. The forming temperature range can be specific to the rider based on, for example, the rider’s weight, body type, gender, and sit bone shape.

[0155] In some embodiments, the molding indicator 770 is a deflection indicator, and the molding factor is deflection. The deflection indicator can indicate whether the deflection of the thermoformable portion 730 is below, within, or above a target deflection range. The target deflection range can be, for example, between 0.5 and 5.0 mm. The target deflection range can vary depending on the rider. For example, one rider may have a target deflection range of between 0.5 to 2.0 mm, while a different rider may havea target deflection range of between 2.0 to 5.0 mm. Too much deflection can cause discomfort.

[0156] In some embodiments, the molding indicator 770 measures the molding factor at multiple points on the thermoformable portion 730. Based on the multiple measured molding factors, the molding indicator 770 can indicate at least one of the molding factors, an average molding factor, a minimum molding factor, and / or a maximum molding factor.

[0157] In some embodiments, there are multiple molding indicators 770. The portions of the thermoformable region 730 to which the molding indicators 770 are attached are capable of being individually molded. The multiple molding indicators 770 may be of the same type or different types. For example, a first molding indicator may be a temperature indicator measuring temperature and a second molding indicator may be a deflection indicator measuring deflection. The first and second molding indicators 770 can be positioned adjacent to or far apart from each other.

[0158] Figure 40 is an exploded isometric view of a bicycle saddle 800 with an internal heater 820 and a set of molding indicators 870 in accordance with an embodiment of the technology. The bicycle saddle 800 also includes a cushion 810, a thermoformable portion 830, an outer frame 840, rails 850, and fasteners 860 configured to couple the thermoformable portion 830, the outer frame 840, and the rails 850. The molding indicators 870 can be positioned generally along target regions (e.g., sit bone supporting regions) of the thermoformable portion 830. During a molding process, the internal heater 820 can output thermal energy to increase the temperature of the thermoformable portion 830. A user can view the molding indicator 870 until the molding indicator changes appearance, thereby indicating that the molding process should start. The user can control operation of the internal heater 820 to increase or decrease heating while viewing the real-time state of the saddle via the molding indicator 870.

[0159] In embodiments in which the molding indicators 870 include a deflection indicator, the rider can be supported by the saddle 800. Once the thermoformable portion 830 reaches a threshold deflection, the molding indicator 870 can visually indicate that the threshold deflection has been reached. The rider can then move away from the saddle 800 to stop the molding process to avoid excess permanent deformation of thesaddle. This deflection-based molding process can be repeated any number of times to remold the saddle 800 any number of times to achieve a desired fit.

[0160] Figures 41 and 42 are bottom plan views of the bicycle saddle 800 with different sets of molding indicators 870 in accordance with embodiments of the technology. It is appreciated that while the molding indicators 870 illustrated in Figures 41 and 42 are on the bicycle saddle 800, the molding indicators 870 can be used on any bicycle saddle discussed above (e.g., bicycle saddle 700 without an internal heater). Similar to the embodiments illustrated in Figures 34-39, the molding indicators 870 can be attached to a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion. The molding indicators 870 can be removably coupled to (e.g., a thermal indicating sticker) or permanently embedded within the thermoformable portion 830. In some embodiments, the set of molding indicators 870 can be attached to different parts of the thermoformable portion 830 (e.g., the top surface interfacing the cushion 810) and / or a different component of the bicycle saddle 800.

[0161] The set of molding indicators 870 illustrated in Figure 41 includes a pair of thermal indicators that change color based on the temperature measured. In some embodiments, the color change may occur when the measured temperature reaches or goes outside of the forming temperature range. The precise location of the molding indicator 870 on the thermoformable portion 830 can depend on, for example, the dimensions and shape of the bicycle saddle before molding, and the rider’s weight and sit bone shape.

[0162] The set of molding indicators 870 illustrated in Figures 42 and 43 includes a sticker with a plurality of labeled temperature-sensitive markers that change color based on the temperature measured. The forming temperature range can be, for example, between 90°C and 110°C. The temperature-sensitive markers can be configured to span temperatures below and above the forming temperature range (e.g., 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C). The temperature-sensitive markers can be grouped based on whether they indicate temperatures below, within, or above the forming temperature range.

[0163] Referring now to Figure 43, a first group 910 indicates that the temperature measured is below (“TOO COLD”) the forming temperature range. A second group 920 indicates that the temperature is within (“MOLDING”) the forming temperature range. Athird group 930 indicates that the temperature is above (“TOO HOT”) the forming temperature range. The labels assist the user in tracking the molding process and how to adjust the heat applied to the thermoformable portion 830. The first, second, and third groups 910, 920, and 930 may also account for the thickness of the thermoformable portion 830. For example, if a rider uses an external heater to apply heat to the bottom surface of the thermoformable portion 830, there may be a temperature gradient within the thermoformable portion 830, with the bottom surface at a higher temperature than the top surface during the molding process. The first, second, and third groups 910, 920, and 930 can reflect the temperature of the thermoformable portion 830 as a whole, such as by using an average temperature ora temperature in the center of the thermoformable portion 830. The average or center temperature can be obtained by, for example, either taking temperature measurements at various points in the thermoformable portion 830 or calculating an estimate based on the thickness and material of the thermoformable portion 830, the rate of heat transfer from the heater, etc.

[0164] In some embodiments, the molding indictor870 can also dynamically display a progress status of the molding process. As examples, the molding indicator 870 can display the progress status as a percentage of molding, a percentage of heating, how much time is remaining, etc.

[0165] Figures 44A and 44B are partially transparent side and bottom views of a bicycle saddle 1000 and a heat flow manifold or housing 1060 (“heat flow manifold 1060”) in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The bicycle saddle 1000 includes a cushion 1010, a thermoformable portion 1030, an outer frame 1040, and rails 1050. The heat flow manifold 1060 can include an inlet 1062, an outlet 1066, and one or more air-flow chambers or channels 1064 that can define air-flow paths extending between the inlet 1062 and the outlet 1066. In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle saddle 1000 is mounted on a bicycle seat post 1080 (or other structure) via the rails 1050 and corresponding fasteners. The heat flow manifold 1060 can be clamped or otherwise coupled to the bicycle seat post 1080 via a clamping or other coupling mechanism 1082. The heat flow manifold 1060 can thereby be positioned adjacent and / or attached to one or more components of the bicycle saddle 1000. The heat flow manifold 1060 can form a seal (e.g., a fluid-tight seal, an air-tight seal, etc.) with the saddle 1000. The sealing can be sufficient to contain circulating heated air (e.g., substantially all or a majority by volume of the heated air) within the one or more chambers or channels 1064.

[0166] In some embodiments, the air-flow chambers or channels 1064 are enclosed within the heat flow manifold 1060. The heat flow manifold 1060 can include, for example, one or more fins, baffles, openings (e.g., opening facing the underside of the saddle), conduits, heat transfer regions (e.g., a conductive region for resting against the saddle), sensors (e.g., flow sensors, temperature sensors, etc.), or the like. In some embodiments, the chambers or channels 1064are not enclosed (e.g., is open) when the heat flow manifold 1060 is not attached to the bicycle saddle 1000, and becomes enclosed (e.g., via the seal) when the heat flow manifold 1060 is attached to the bicycle saddle 1000. For example, one or more components of the bicycle saddle 1000, such as the thermoformable portion 1030, can at least partially define the contour of the chambers or channels 1064.

[0167] In operation, to heat the thermoformable portion 1030, an external heater or heat source 1070 (“heater 1070”) (e.g., the heater 711 shown in FIG. 34) can be coupled to the inlet 1062 of the heat flow manifold 1060. In some embodiments, the heater 1070 can be a heat gun that generates a stream of heated air 1072 for heating the bicycle saddle 1000 via convection. The steam of heated air 1072 can then flow into the inlet 1062, through the chamber or channels 1064, and out through the outlet 1066. While flowing through the chamber or channels 1064, the stream of heated air 1072 can transfer thermal energy (e.g., heat) to the thermoformable portion 1030. In some embodiments, the channels 1064 are shaped such that the steam of heated air 1072 flows closest to or flows directly over one or more formable zones 1032 (e.g., corresponding to the portions of the bicycle saddle 1000 that support the rider’s sit bones) of the thermoformable portion 1030. The heat flow manifold 1060 can be made, whole or in part, of plastic, metal, or other suitable materials (e.g., a heat-resistant material that can insulate the stream of heated air 1072 within the channels 1064). The outlet 1066 can direct the exiting stream of heated air 1072 downwardly away from the saddle 1000 and other bicycle components (e.g., the seat post 1080), thereby preventing overheating or thermal damage to the saddle 1000 and / or the bicycle.

[0168] In the illustrated embodiment, both the inlet 1062 and the outlet 1066 are positioned on the rear side of the heat flow manifold 1060. Moreover, the chambers or channels 1064 are shaped such that the stream of heated air 1072 flows upward, splits, and flows laterally outward (e.g., toward the formable zones 1032), then flows back downward, merges, and flows laterally inward (e.g., toward the outlet 1066), as indicatedby the arrows in FIGS. 44A and 44B. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the channels 1064 include a first single channel region extending from the inlet 1062, a first sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a first formable zone 1032a of the thermoformable portion 1030, a second sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a second formable zone 1032b of the thermoformable portion 1030, and a second single channel region extending from the first and second sub-channel regions to the outlet 1066. The first single channel region can split into the first and second sub-channels regions near the inlet 1062, and the first and second subchannel regions can merge into the second single channel region near the outlet 1066. In other embodiments, the inlet 1062 and the outlet 1066 can be positioned elsewhere (e.g., at the front or either side of the heat flow manifold 1060), and / or the channels 1064 can be shaped differently such that the stream of heated air 1072 flows along different paths.

[0169] The heater 1070 can have a controller and a control input (e.g., keypad, dial, and / or screen) to control air flow, temperature, etc. For example, the heater 1070 can have the control input for selecting a fan speed, temperature (e.g., a temperature within an operating range of, for example, 120°F to 1200°F). Example heat guns can include, without limitation, electric heat guns, infrared heat guns, and other heat guns capable of heating target regions to the temperatures for molding disclosed herein. The configuration and features of the heater 1070 be selected based on the molding process to be performed.

[0170] Once the thermoformable portion 1030 has been sufficiently heated by the heater 1070, the thermoformable portion 1030 has sufficiently been reshaped, and / or the thermoformable portion 1030 has sufficiently cooled down, the heater 1070 and the heat flow manifold 1060 can be detached from the bicycle saddle 1000. For example, the clamping mechanism 1082 can be unlocked to allow the heat flow manifold 1060 to be decoupled from the bicycle seat post 1080. The heat flow manifold 1060 can be configured to be used with other saddles disclosed herein, including saddles discussed in connection with Figure 1-43.

[0171] FIG. 45A is a bottom view of a thermoformable portion 1130. FIG. 45B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a bicycle saddle 1100 that includes the thermoformable portion 1130 and rails 1150. Referring to FIGS. 45A and 45B together,a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion 1130 can include a plurality of dimples 1134 to define one or more perforated zones of the thermoformable portion 1130. As shown, the dimples 1134 can be formed on either side of a spine zone 1132 and within the edges of the thermoformable portion 1130. The sizes (e.g., cross-sectional dimension, diameter, depth) can vary between individual ones of the dimples 1134. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the dimples 1134 grow larger in size as they are positioned closer to formable zones 1136 (e.g., corresponding to portions of the bicycle saddle 1100 that support the rider’s sit bones). In other embodiments, the sizes of the dimples 1134 can vary according to other patterns, or not vary at all (i.e. , have the same size). In some embodiments, the dimples 1134 can be formed along the edges of the thermoformable portion 1130 (or portions thereof) and / or along the spine zone 1132 (or portions thereof).

[0172] When heating the thermoformable portion 1130, whether via an internal heater (e.g., the internal heater 820) or an external heater (e.g., the heater 711 or the heater 1070), the dimples 1134 can facilitate heating of the thermoformable portion 1130. For example, in some embodiments, the dimples 1134 can create turbulent flow of the heated air stream across the bottom surface of the thermoformable portion 1130, trap heat within the dimples 1134, etc. In some embodiments, the dimples 1134 can accelerate the heating process by creating a larger contact area between the thermoformable portion 1130 and the heated air stream. In some embodiments, the dimples 1134 can distribute the heat from the heated airstream more toward the formable zones 1136 by, for example, trapping heat for longer periods of time in larger ones of the dimples 1134 which can be concentrated in the formable zones 1136, as shown. In some embodiments, during molding, the formable zones 1136 with relatively large dimples can experience greater deformation due to, for example, less material being present as compared to the surrounding zones with relatively smaller dimples. The dimples 1134 can be formed by molding the thermoformable portion 1130 to include the dimples 1134, creating the dimples 1134 by removing portions of the thermoformable portion 1130 from the bottom surface, and / or deforming portions of the thermoformable portion 1130 to create the dimples 1134 thereon (e.g., by pressing against the portions).

[0173] FIG. 46A is a bottom view of a thermoformable portion 1230. FIG. 46B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a bicycle saddle 1200 that includes the thermoformable portion 1230 and rails 1250. As shown in FIG. 46A, a bottom surface ofthe thermoformable portion 1230 can include a spine zone 1232, formable zones 1236 positioned on either side of the spine zone 1232, and an edge portion 1238 extending along a perimeter of the thermoformable portion 1230 (the spine zone 1232 and the edge portion 1238 may be referred to together as “non-formable zones”). Referring next to FIG. 46B, the formable zones 1236 can be thinner than either the spine zone 1232 or the edge portion 1238 of the thermoformable portion 1230. The formable zones 1236 can have thicknesses that range between, for example, 0.5 mm-2 mm, 1 mm-1 .5 mm, or 1 ,2mm- 1 .3 mm, and the spine zone 1232 and the edge portion 1238 can have thicknesses that range between, for example, 1.5 mm-3 mm, 2 mm-2.5 mm, or 2.2mm-2.3 mm.

[0174] When heating the thermoformable portion 1230, whether via an internal heater (e.g., the internal heater 820) or an external heater (e.g., the heater 711 or the heater 1070), the relatively smaller thickness of the formable zones 1236 can facilitate reshaping of the formable zones 1236 while the relatively greater thickness of the spine zone 1232 and the edge portion 1238 can provide sufficient structural support for the thermoformable portion 1230. For example, the formable zones 1236 can be heated through their thickness more quickly due to the smaller thickness. In another example, the formable zones 1236 can be reshaped more easily due to the smaller thickness. Line 1237 represents an example resultant shape of the formable zone 1236 upon heating and reshaping of the formable zone 1236. As shown, the line 1237 bulges downward around the formable zones 1236, but not around the spine zone 1232 or the edge portion 1238.

[0175] In some embodiments, the bicycle saddle 1200 can further include an additional structure that supports the thermoformable portion 1230 and prevents undesirable, excessive deformation of the thermoformable portion 1230, such as at the spine zone 1232 and / or the edge portion 1238.

[0176] The following examples are illustrative of several embodiments of the present technology:1 . A customizable bicycle saddle comprising: a cushion; a thermoformable portion covered by the cushion and configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle; anda molding indicator in thermal contact with the thermoformable portion, wherein the molding indicator is configured to measure a molding factor and visually indicate the measured molding factor for molding the thermoformable portion.2. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 1 , wherein the molding factor is temperature, and wherein the molding indicator is a thermal indicator positioned to measure a temperature of a sit bone region of the thermoformable portion.3. The customizable bicycle saddle of examples 1 or 2, wherein the thermal indicator comprises a plurality of labeled temperature-sensitive markers which change color to indicate the temperature of the sit bone region.4. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-3, wherein the thermal indicator includes a thermocouple or a thermistor.5. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-4, wherein the thermal indicator indicates that the temperature of the sit bone region is below, within, or above a forming temperature range of the thermoformable portion.6. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-5, wherein the forming temperature range is between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.7. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-6, wherein the molding indicator includes a deflection indicator, and wherein the molding factor is a deflection of a sit bone region.8. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 7, wherein the deflection indicator is configured to indicate that deflection of at least a portion of the thermoformable portion during thermoforming is below, within, or above a target deflection range.9. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 8, wherein the target deflection range is between 0.5 and 5.0 mm.10. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-9, wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, wherein the molding factor is a first molding factor, and the bicycle saddle further comprises a second molding indicator configured to measure a second molding factor.11. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 10, wherein the second molding indicator is coupled to a sit bone region, and wherein the first and second molding factors are different.12. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-11 , wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, the molding factor is a first molding factor, and the thermoformable portion includes: a first moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion in thermal contact with the first molding indicator, and a second moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion in thermal contact with a second molding indicator configured to measure a second molding factor.13. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 12, wherein the first moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion and the second moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion are capable of being individually molded.14. The customizable bicycle saddle of examples 12 or 13, wherein the first molding factor and the second molding factor are equivalent.15. The customizable bicycle saddle of examples 12 or 13, wherein the first of the first molding indicator and a second molding factor of the second molding indicator are different.16. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-15, wherein the molding indicator displays an output value visible along an exterior of the bicycle saddle.17. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-16, wherein the molding indicator is removably coupled to a moldable region of the thermoformable portion.18. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-17, wherein the molding indicator is permanently embedded within a moldable region of the thermoformable portion.19. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-18, wherein the molding indicator comprises an electrical connector through which the molding indicator indicates an output value.20. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-19, wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates an average molding factor.21. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-20, wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates the molding factor of at least one of the plurality of points.22. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-21 , wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates a maximum molding factor for molding.23. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-22, wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates a minimum molding factor for molding.24. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-23, wherein the molding indicator is coupled to a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion.25. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 1-24, wherein the molding indicator is coupled to a top surface of the thermoformable portion.26. A customizable bicycle saddle, comprising: a thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises at least one thermoplastic material; an outer frame coupled to the thermoformable portion and rails; a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and a molding indicator thermally coupled to the thermoformable portion and configured to measure a molding factor.27. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 26, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises an ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion, and wherein the outer frame does not contact the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion.28. The customizable bicycle saddle of examples 26 or 27, wherein the outer frame is configured to be installed between the thermoformable portion and the rails.29. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 26-28, wherein the outer frame is comprised of a synthetic polymer material.30. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 29, wherein the outer frame is comprised of a nylon material.31. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 26-30, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises reinforcement fibers.32. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 31 , wherein the reinforcement fibers are comprised of at least one of glass, carbon, and natural fibers.33. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 26-32, wherein the thermoplastic material is a thermoplastic composite material comprised of semi- amorphous polymers.34. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 26-34, wherein the thermoplastic material is a crystalline thermoplastic composite material.35. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 27, wherein the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion has a forming temperature range.36. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 35, wherein the forming temperature range is between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.37. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 27, wherein the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion has a forming deflection range.38. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 37, wherein the forming deflection range is between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm.39. A method for fitting a bicycle saddle, comprising: coupling a molding indicator to a moldable region of a thermoformable portion; heating the moldable region while the molding indicator indicates that a molding factor is below or within a molding range; and starting molding of the moldable region to a rider’s anatomy while the molding factor is within a molding range.40. The method of example 39, further comprising stopping the heating of the moldable region when the molding indicator indicates that the molding factor is above the molding range.41. The method of examples 39 or 40, wherein the molding indicator is a thermal indicator in thermal contact with the moldable region, and wherein the molding factor is a temperature of the moldable region.42. The method of any of examples example 41 , wherein the molding range is a temperature range between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.43. The method of any of examples 39-42, wherein the molding indicator is a deflection indicator, and wherein the molding factor is a deflection of the moldable region.44. The method of example 43, wherein the molding range is between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm.45. The method of any of examples 39-44, wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, wherein the moldable region is a first moldable region, and wherein the method further comprises: coupling a second molding indicator to a second moldable region of the thermoformable portion; and heating the second moldable region while the second molding indicator indicates that the molding factor is below or within the molding range.46. The method of any of examples 39-45, wherein the moldable region is comprised of a thermoplastic material.47. The method of any of examples 39-46, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises reinforcement fibers.48. A system comprising: a customizable bicycle saddle including a thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises at least one thermoplastic material; an outer frame coupled to the thermoformable portion and rails; and a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and means for heating the customizable bicycle saddle.49. The system of example 48, further comprising a means for molding indicating based on a molding factor associated with usage of the means for heating.50. A system comprising: a customizable bicycle saddle including: a thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion; and a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and a heat flow manifold configured be mated to the bicycle saddle, wherein the heat flow manifold includes an inlet, an outlet, and one or more flow chambers extending between the inlet and the outlet, wherein when a heat source is removably coupled to the inlet of the heat flow manifold, the heat source causes heated air to flow through the inlet, through the one or more chambers, and out through the outlet.51. The system of example 50, wherein the one or more flow chambers are enclosed by the heat flow manifold such that the heated air from the heat source does not contact the thermoformable portion of the bicycle saddle.52. The system of examples 50 or 51 , wherein the one or more flow chambers are defined by the heat flow manifold and a formable zone of the thermoformable portion when the heat flow manifold is mated against the bicycle saddle such that the heated air from the heat source thermally contacts the formable zone of the thermoformable portion.53. The system of any of examples 50-52, wherein one or more flow chambers includes channels that extend upward, downward, and laterally within the heat flow manifold.54. The system of any of examples 50-53, wherein the one or more flow chambers comprise: a first single channel region extending from the inlet; a first sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a first formable zone of the thermoformable portion; a second sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a second formable zone of the thermoformable portion, wherein the first single channel region splits into the first and second sub-channels regions near the inlet; and a second single channel region extending from the first and second sub-channel regions to the outlet, wherein the first and second sub-channel regions merge into the second single channel region near the outlet.55. A customizable bicycle saddle comprising: a cushion; and a thermoformable portion covered by the cushion and configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion includes one or more features configured to facilitate reshaping of the thermoformable portion.56. The bicycle saddle of example 55, wherein the one or more features comprise a plurality of dimples formed on a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion.57. The bicycle saddle of example 56, wherein a first set of the plurality of dimples positioned near a formable zone of the thermoformable portion has a first average size, and wherein a second set of the plurality of dimples positioned away from the formable zone of the thermoformable portion has a second average size smaller than the first average size.58. The bicycle saddle of example 56, wherein the plurality of dimples is formed on either side of a spine zone extending along a middle of the thermoformable portion.59. The bicycle saddle of any of examples 55-58, wherein the one or more features comprise a formable zone of the thermoformable portion having a first thickness and a non-formable zone of the thermoformable portion having a second thickness greater than the first thickness.60. The bicycle saddle of example 59, wherein the non-formable zone comprises a spine zone and an edge portion of the thermoformable portion.61 . A customizable bicycle saddle, comprising: a saddle shell coupled to mounting rails; and a cushion covering the saddle shell and including one or more thermoformable portions configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portions include thermoformable foam.62. The customizable bicycle saddle of example 61 , wherein the thermoformable foam includes open-cell foam, closed-cell foam, or combinations of both.63. The customizable bicycle saddle of examples 61 or 62, wherein the thermoformable foam includes at least one of ethylene vinyl acetate foam, polystyrene foam, or polypropylene foam.64. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 61-63, including at least one heater embedded in the customizable bicycle saddle.65. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 61-64, wherein the cushion includes one or more non-thermoformable layers adjacent the one or more thermoformable portions.66. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 61-65, further comprising a covering, wherein the one or more thermoformable portions are sit bone support pads made of foam and located under the covering.67. The customizable bicycle saddle of any of examples 61-66, wherein the one or more thermoformable portions includes at least one layer of thermoplastic foam extending across a majority of a width of the saddle shell.68. A system including: the customizable bicycle saddle of example 61 ; and a heater removably couplable to the customizable bicycle saddle to heat the thermoformable portions.

[0177] Heaters, saddles, and methods disclosed herein can be used with the technologies disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 10,399,626, U.S. Pat. No. 11 ,173,974, U.S. Pat. No. 11 ,654,992, U.S. application No. 18 / 155,653, U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 358,600, U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 006,716, U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 518,757, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 560,095, International Application No. PCT / IB2018 / 001482, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 560,095. The thermoformable shells disclosed herein and in U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 358,600,International Application No. PCT / IB2018 / 001482, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 560,095 can be molded without causing thermoforming of the overlying cushioning material. This allows the support structure to be molded without noticeably affecting cushioning characteristics of the saddle. To limit or prevent thermoforming of the cushioning material, the softening or molding temperature of a cushioning material can be substantially higher than that of the shell. Throughout the molding process, the characteristics of the cushioning material can be substantially unaffected due to the thermoforming process. In other embodiments, both the shell and the cushioning material can be thermoformed. This allows for a high degree of thermoforming. To thermoform both in the same procedure, the cushioning material and the shell can have substantially the same softening temperature, glass transition temperature, or melt temperature. Both the cushioning material and the shell can be molded together without disassembling the saddle. This allows the cushioning material to be permanently coupled to the shell via, for example, adhesive, glue, mechanical fasteners, combinations thereof, or the like. The disclosure of all the foregoing applications and patents and all applications and patents referenced herein (e.g., U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 358,600, International Application No. PCT / IB2018 / 001482, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 560,095) are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0178] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications may be made without deviating from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:1 . A customizable bicycle saddle comprising: a cushion; a thermoformable portion covered by the cushion and configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle; and a molding indicator in thermal contact with the thermoformable portion, wherein the molding indicator is configured to measure a molding factor and visually indicate the measured molding factor for molding the thermoformable portion.

2. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding factor is temperature, and wherein the molding indicator is a thermal indicator positioned to measure a temperature of a sit bone region of the thermoformable portion.

3. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 2, wherein the thermal indicator comprises a plurality of labeled temperature-sensitive markers which change color to indicate the temperature of the sit bone region.

4. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 2, wherein the thermal indicator includes a thermocouple or a thermistor.

5. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 2, wherein the thermal indicator indicates that the temperature of the sit bone region is below, within, or above a forming temperature range of the thermoformable portion.

6. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 5, wherein the forming temperature range is between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.

7. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator includes a deflection indicator, and wherein the molding factor is a deflection of a sit bone region.

8. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 7, wherein the deflection indicator is configured to indicate that deflection of at least a portion of the thermoformable portion during thermoforming is below, within, or above a target deflection range.

9. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 8, wherein the target deflection range is between 0.5 and 5.0 mm.

10. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, wherein the molding factor is a first molding factor, and the bicycle saddle further comprises a second molding indicator configured to measure a second molding factor.

11. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 10, wherein the second molding indicator is coupled to a sit bone region, and wherein the first and second molding factors are different.

12. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, the molding factor is a first molding factor, and the thermoformable portion includes: a first moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion in thermal contact with the first molding indicator, and a second moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion in thermal contact with a second molding indicator configured to measure a second molding factor.

13. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 12, wherein the first moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion and the second moldable ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion are capable of being individually molded.

14. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 12, wherein the first molding factor and the second molding factor are equivalent.

15. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 12, wherein the first of the first molding indicator and a second molding factor of the second molding indicator are different.

16. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator displays an output value visible along an exterior of the bicycle saddle.

17. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is removably coupled to a moldable region of the thermoformable portion.

18. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is permanently embedded within a moldable region of the thermoformable portion.

19. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator comprises an electrical connector through which the molding indicator indicates an output value.

20. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates an average molding factor.21 . The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates the molding factor of at least one of the plurality of points.

22. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates a maximum molding factor for molding.

23. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator measures the molding factor at a plurality of points on the thermoformable portion and indicates a minimum molding factor for molding.

24. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is coupled to a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion.

25. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 1 , wherein the molding indicator is coupled to a top surface of the thermoformable portion.

26. A customizable bicycle saddle, comprising: a thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises at least one thermoplastic material; an outer frame coupled to the thermoformable portion and rails; a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and a molding indicator thermally coupled to the thermoformable portion and configured to measure a molding factor.

27. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises an ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion, and wherein the outer frame does not contact the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion.

28. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the outer frame is configured to be installed between the thermoformable portion and the rails.

29. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the outer frame is comprised of a synthetic polymer material.

30. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 29, wherein the outer frame is comprised of a nylon material.

31. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises reinforcement fibers.

32. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 31 , wherein the reinforcement fibers are comprised of at least one of glass, carbon, and natural fibers.

33. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the thermoplastic material is a thermoplastic composite material comprised of semi-amorphous polymers.

34. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 26, wherein the thermoplastic material is a crystalline thermoplastic composite material.

35. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 27, wherein the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion has a forming temperature range.

36. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 35, wherein the forming temperature range is between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.

37. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 27, wherein the ischial tuberosity bone supporting portion has a forming deflection range.

38. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 37, wherein the forming deflection range is between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm.

39. A method for fitting a bicycle saddle, comprising: coupling a molding indicator to a moldable region of a thermoformable portion; heating the moldable region while the molding indicator indicates that a molding factor is below or within a molding range; and starting molding of the moldable region to a rider’s anatomy while the molding factor is within a molding range.

40. The method of claim 39, further comprising stopping the heating of the moldable region when the molding indicator indicates that the molding factor is above the molding range.41 . The method of claim 39, wherein the molding indicator is a thermal indicator in thermal contact with the moldable region, and wherein the molding factor is a temperature of the moldable region.

42. The method of claim 41 , wherein the molding range is a temperature range between 90 and 110 degrees Celsius.

43. The method of claim 39, wherein the molding indicator is a deflection indicator, and wherein the molding factor is a deflection of the moldable region.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein the molding range is between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm.

45. The method of claim 39, wherein the molding indicator is a first molding indicator, wherein the moldable region is a first moldable region, and wherein the method further comprises: coupling a second molding indicator to a second moldable region of the thermoformable portion; and heating the second moldable region while the second molding indicator indicates that the molding factor is below or within the molding range.

46. The method of claim 39, wherein the moldable region is comprised of a thermoplastic material.

47. The method of claim 39, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises reinforcement fibers.

48. A system comprising: a customizable bicycle saddle includinga thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion comprises at least one thermoplastic material; an outer frame coupled to the thermoformable portion and rails; and a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and means for heating the customizable bicycle saddle.

49. The system of claim 48, further comprising a means for molding indicating based on a molding factor associated with usage of the means for heating.

50. A system comprising: a customizable bicycle saddle including: a thermoformable portion configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion; and a cushion covering the thermoformable portion; and a heat flow manifold configured be mated to the bicycle saddle, wherein the heat flow manifold includes an inlet, an outlet, and one or more flow chambers extending between the inlet and the outlet, wherein when a heat source is removably coupled to the inlet of the heat flow manifold, the heat source causes heated air to flow through the inlet, through the one or more chambers, and out through the outlet.

51. The system of claim 50, wherein the one or more flow chambers are enclosed by the heat flow manifold such that the heated air from the heat source does not contact the thermoformable portion of the bicycle saddle.

52. The system of claim 50, wherein the one or more flow chambers are defined by the heat flow manifold and a formable zone of the thermoformable portion when the heat flow manifold is mated against the bicycle saddle such that the heated air from the heat source thermally contacts the formable zone of the thermoformable portion.

53. The system of claim 50, wherein one or more flow chambers includes channels that extend upward, downward, and laterally within the heat flow manifold.

54. The system of claim 50, wherein the one or more flow chambers comprise: a first single channel region extending from the inlet; a first sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a first formable zone of the thermoformable portion; a second sub-channel region extending from the first single channel and past a second formable zone of the thermoformable portion, wherein the first single channel region splits into the first and second sub-channels regions near the inlet; and a second single channel region extending from the first and second sub-channel regions to the outlet, wherein the first and second sub-channel regions merge into the second single channel region near the outlet.

55. A customizable bicycle saddle comprising: a cushion; and a thermoformable portion covered by the cushion and configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portion includes one or more features configured to facilitate reshaping of the thermoformable portion.

56. The bicycle saddle of claim 55, wherein the one or more features comprise a plurality of dimples formed on a bottom surface of the thermoformable portion.

57. The bicycle saddle of claim 56, wherein a first set of the plurality of dimples positioned near a formable zone of the thermoformable portion has a first average size, and wherein a second set of the plurality of dimples positioned away from the formable zone of the thermoformable portion has a second average size smaller than the first average size.

58. The bicycle saddle of claim 56, wherein the plurality of dimples is formed on either side of a spine zone extending along a middle of the thermoformable portion.

59. The bicycle saddle of claim 55, wherein the one or more features comprise a formable zone of the thermoformable portion having a first thickness and a non- formable zone of the thermoformable portion having a second thickness greater than the first thickness.

60. The bicycle saddle of claim 59, wherein the non-formable zone comprises a spine zone and an edge portion of the thermoformable portion.61 . A customizable bicycle saddle, comprising: a saddle shell coupled to mounting rails; and a cushion covering the saddle shell and including one or more thermoformable portions configured to be molded to a rider’s anatomy while the rider is supported by the bicycle saddle, wherein the thermoformable portions include thermoformable foam.

62. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , wherein the thermoformable foam includes open-cell foam, closed-cell foam, or combinations of both.

63. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , wherein the thermoformable foam includes at least one of ethylene vinyl acetate foam, polystyrene foam, or polypropylene foam.

64. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , including at least one heater embedded in the customizable bicycle saddle.

65. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , wherein the cushion includes one or more non-thermoformable layers adjacent the one or more thermoformable portions.

66. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , further comprising a covering, wherein the one or more thermoformable portions are sit bone support pads made of foam and located under the covering.

67. The customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 , wherein the one or more thermoformable portions includes at least one layer of thermoplastic foam extending across a majority of a width of the saddle shell.

68. A system including: the customizable bicycle saddle of claim 61 ; and a heater removably couplable to the customizable bicycle saddle to heat the thermoformable portions.

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