Device and method for washing a pre-purified excavated material

Abstract

The present invention provides a device (10) and a method for washing pre-cleaned excavated material (3). The device (10) has at least one vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and a plurality of feed nozzles (2) for a first cleaning medium (4) above the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), wherein the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) is arranged inclined at an angle (a) to the horizontal (H). An inlet (23) for the pre-cleaned excavated material (3) is arranged at an upper end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and an outlet (23', 26, 26') is arranged at a lower end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6).The device (10) comprises at least one washing module (8) arranged on the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) at a central section (II) between an upper section (I) and a lower section (III), the washing module (8) having a module housing (20) with a module inlet (21) and a module outlet (22). The module housing (20) covers the central section (II) of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), the module inlet (21) facing the upper end and the module outlet (22) facing the lower end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6). The washing module (8) has a plurality of upper and lower module nozzles (12, 12') for supplying a second cleaning medium (4') into the module housing (20).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device and a method for washing a pre-cleaned excavated material.

[0002] Construction projects regularly and repeatedly generate construction debris, soil, or excavated material consisting of various components that can be processed and reused in different ways, or must be disposed of or landfilled. As a rule, this excavated material, which must be removed, transported, or disposed of, contains the following possible components: Mineral components such as quarry material, gravel material, crushed stone material, cohesive or organic components such as topsoil, humus, wood waste, artificially produced building materials such as concrete, lime, cement, fleece, geogrids, organic (chemical) and inorganic pollutants or impurities such as mineral and tar oils, PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, chlorine, heavy metals and other possible chemical contaminants, slag from steel production, admixtures from steel, etc., paper, plastic.

[0003] Currently, there are various recognized and common disposal and recycling options for excavated material. For example, such material can be transported to a landfill and stored there, or temporarily stored. Alternatively, it can be sent to an incineration plant and burned. From the combustion residues or slag, valuable materials such as mineral components, steel, or other metals are often recovered and returned to the material cycle. An improved recycling rate is achieved by separating the excavated material in specialized facilities using various technical separation processes. In these processes, the material is separated in several steps into waste materials requiring disposal and reusable, preferably sorted and size-classified, recyclable material groups.The waste materials are then transported to a landfill, for example, and the recyclable materials are returned to the market. A maximum recycling rate is the goal, so that on the one hand, as much of the excavated material as possible can be reused, thus saving on new materials, and on the other hand, the amount of waste containing pollutants, which therefore has to be landfilled, is minimized.

[0004] The separation of excavated material or construction debris primarily involves sorting steps, including screening and / or crushing processes in crushing plants, followed by fractionation into different particle sizes and washing. Contaminated fractions of the excavated material are separated through sorting, washing, or other mechanical processes and then sent for disposal, such as landfilling. The contaminated fractions separated during washing often include highly contaminated fine fractions with a maximum particle diameter of, for example, 0 to 1.00 mm. Due to their non-construction-relevant properties and composition, these fine fractions are no longer suitable for use in construction projects. While these fine fractions may still contain mineral components, these cannot be reused due to their organic and chemical contamination.

[0005] Conventional cleaning and washing plants for excavated material containing mineral and granular building materials generally operate as follows: To enable the reuse of excavated material, which consists of various types of soil, rock, and granular admixtures, a reusable fraction is separated from non-reusable fractions. Usable fractions include rock, asphalt admixtures, and crushed concrete. Non-reusable fractions typically include cohesive soils, contaminants such as oil, tar, pesticides, wood, organic substances, and the like, as well as steel and other metal admixtures. The separation of these two groups is achieved through sieving, washing, and crushing, with steel admixtures being removed using magnetic separators.Even materials that cannot be directly reused in construction can be sorted by material type in order to be separately subjected to suitable material or thermal treatment or disposal. The separated steel and other metal impurities can be used as secondary raw materials in steel mills and foundries.

[0006] The standard washing process used in modern washing plants for excavated materials, which mainly consist of mineral building materials such as gravel, crushed stone, and sand, but also granular building materials such as asphalt and concrete granules, as well as cohesive organic soil materials and admixtures such as wood, metal, etc., includes a pre-wash, which is carried out, for example, with a bar washer. The pre-cleaned fractions are then classified and washed.

[0007] For pre-washing, upflow classifiers such as paddle washers can be used. These are structures with two parallel screw conveyors and continuous paddles with a bottom-mounted water supply. During pre-washing in a paddle washer or other wet-mechanical upflow classifier, currents and shear forces are generated by circulating the solids mixture. These forces suspend, disperse, emulsify, and additionally or alternatively dissolve the solids in the water. In the pre-washing process, the cohesive components and washable materials such as wood, paper, as well as metals and adhering contaminants, which are undesirable in the construction sector, are dissolved and washed away / separated from the reusable mineral material.

[0008] The mineral materials are then separated and cleaned from adhering fine particles by classifying them into individual fractions and washing these fractions together as a complete package. Washing can be carried out, for example, on a sieve with at least one sieve by spraying it with a cleaning medium, with the sieves simultaneously serving to separate different fractions during the washing process. Spraying refers to the introduction of water or another cleaning medium via nozzles, which not only wash the mineral, granular material by separating the adhering fine particles but can also act as a sieving aid. The sieves are usually inclined and coupled to a vibratory or oscillating drive, so that the material retained on each sieve is drawn by gravity to a collection device at the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating device.The material is conveyed through a vibrating screen. In this way, the reusable mineral material is simultaneously classified and washed.

[0009] Due to the typically high throughput, the cleaning result can only be influenced to a limited extent by the type, number, and arrangement of the nozzles along the screens. While the nozzles allow for precise alignment with the screens, the angle of impact on the individual mineral material grains is rather random and cannot be specifically controlled due to their shape and position on the screens. Therefore, it is possible that a certain proportion of the granular material will not be exposed to the cleaning medium, or only insufficiently, or only in isolated spots, and thus will not be freed from the adhering contaminants. Consequently, residual contaminants may remain after washing. This is because particularly stubborn dirt particles, such as pesticides and oils, are difficult to remove from the aggregate.The pressure of the cleaning medium on the aggregates to be cleaned, required to loosen this adhering pollutant fraction, is often not achievable due to the ability of the aggregates to be cleaned to move around and the required continuous material throughput through the sieves.

[0010] In state-of-the-art cleaning processes, even with visually good cleaning results, residual contamination remains on the cleaned product. Depending on the degree of contamination, this can limit the reuse of the cleaned materials. Increasing the pressure of the cleaning medium usually does not improve the cleaning result, as particles struck by the high-pressure jet can evade it.

[0011] Based on this state of the art, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved device for washing granular rock and / or building material materials.

[0012] This problem is solved by a device having the features of claim 1.

[0013] Another problem, namely the ability to retrofit existing devices for improved cleaning results, is solved by the washing module with the features of claim 12.

[0014] A further problem, namely to provide an improved method for washing granular rock and / or building material materials, is solved by the method with the features of independent claim 13.

[0015] Further developments or preferred embodiments are described in the respective dependent claims.

[0016] According to a first embodiment, a device according to the invention for washing pre-cleaned excavated material comprises at least one vibrating screen and a plurality of feed nozzles above the vibrating screen. The pre-cleaned excavated material consists of a granular material selected from the group comprising rock material, construction material, and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction. The at least one vibrating screen, designed to retain a granular fraction of the excavated material and to allow at least the pollutant fraction to pass through, is arranged at an angle to the horizontal. An inlet for the pre-cleaned excavated material is located at an upper end of the vibrating screen, and an outlet for the granular fraction is located at a lower end of the vibrating screen.According to the invention, the device comprises at least one washing module arranged on the vibrating screen at a central section between an upper and a lower section. The washing module has a housing with a module inlet and a module outlet, the housing covering the central section of the vibrating screen. The module inlet faces the upper end of the vibrating screen, and the module outlet faces the lower end. The washing module has a plurality of upper and lower nozzles, thus advantageously enabling targeted application of a cleaning medium and intensive washing of the pre-cleaned excavated material in a resource-efficient manner.In comparison to conventional washing by applying a cleaning medium from above through the feed nozzles, a significantly improved removal of the adhering pollutant fraction from the granular rock and / or building material is achieved, which is then better cleaned and available for a variety of reuse options.

[0017] In this context, "pre-cleaned excavated material" refers to granular rock material such as gravel, crushed stone, and sand, and / or granular construction material such as asphalt and concrete granules, each containing an adhering pollutant fraction but without admixtures of foreign materials such as wood or metal. "Adhering pollutant fraction" refers to a pollutant-containing fine fraction from cohesive soil material or organic (chemical) and / or inorganic pollutants that adhere to the rock material without cohesive soil components, or a combination thereof.

[0018] A "pre-cleaned excavated material" is often obtained by pre-washing an excavated mass that may consist primarily of granular rock materials such as gravel, crushed stone, and sand, but also granular construction materials such as asphalt and concrete granules, as well as cohesive organic soil materials and admixtures such as wood, metal, etc. This is because pre-washing primarily removes the admixtures. However, in this context, a visually relatively clean excavated material that contains no admixtures even without pre-washing is also considered a "pre-cleaned excavated material" according to the above definition; that is, granular rock material and / or granular construction material, each with an adhering pollutant fraction from adhering soil material containing organic and / or inorganic pollutants.

[0019] The division of the vibrating screen into a middle section between an upper and a lower section is to be understood generally and is in no way restrictive with regard to the length of the sections or a specific position of the middle section. The division into at least three sections is intended to clarify that a screen surface of the vibrating screen is available for screening both upstream and downstream of the washing module. It is possible for the upper, middle, and lower sections to be of equal length, or for all three sections to be of different lengths, or for one of the sections to be shorter or longer than the other two sections of equal length. Accordingly, it is not mandatory that the "middle section" be a section located in the middle.It is possible for the middle section to be located in the center of the vibrating screen or to extend arbitrarily between an upper and a lower section. This includes both variants where the center of the vibrating screen is located in the middle section, and variants where, depending on the length of the upper and lower sections, the middle section lies entirely within either the upper or lower half of the vibrating screen without touching the center.

[0020] While it is possible for the device to have multiple washing modules arranged on the same vibrating screen, which has several intermediate sections between the upper and lower sections, this is not necessary. To improve the cleaning result, one washing module per vibrating screen, with appropriately designed module housings and nozzles, is sufficient.

[0021] Furthermore, the "overlapping" arrangement of the module housing on the central section of the vibrating screen means that the module housing extends across the entire width of the vibrating screen, preventing any material from bypassing the washing module laterally. The module inlet is designed so that the transition between the upper section of the vibrating screen and the module housing is essentially level, i.e., without steps or sharp edges. Depending on the thickness of the module base, the washing module may, if necessary, have a flattened base or a ramp at the module inlet to bridge any such step or edge.

[0022] One embodiment of the device according to the invention relates to the fact that no supply nozzles are arranged above the middle section covered by the washing module, or that the supply nozzles arranged above the washing module are directed towards the upper or lower section of the vibrating or oscillating screen in order to avoid spraying the washing module.

[0023] By positioning the washing module on the vibrating screen, the washing module is not only inclined at the same angle as the screen, but the screen's oscillation or vibration is also transferred to the washing module. This means that the washing module oscillates or vibrates with the screen, and this inclination and oscillation or vibration drive the material through the washing module.

[0024] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the washing module has a conveying device for controlling material transport within the module housing. The conveying device comprises a circulating traction element and conveying vanes connected to the traction element. The traction element is guided through the module housing, with the conveying vanes covering an inner cross-sectional area of ​​the module housing in order to control the movement of the granular material through the module housing, similar to a scraper conveyor.

[0025] In a further development of the device according to the invention, the conveying device can have carriers that are connected to the conveying blades and attached to the traction element. Alternatively or additionally, in one embodiment of the conveying device, the traction element can have at least one conveyor belt running over at least two deflection rollers, or in another embodiment, two chains, each running over at least two deflection pinions. The choice of conveying device can depend on the type, in particular the size and mass, of the granular material conveyed by the washing module. For example, chains as traction elements advantageously enable the conveying of larger and heavier loads.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises two vibrating screens arranged one above the other, with a mesh size decreasing from top to bottom. The upper vibrating screen, at the top of which the inlet for the excavated material is located, has a mesh size for retaining a coarse fraction. A lower vibrating screen has a mesh size for retaining a fine fraction. At least one washing module is arranged on the upper vibrating screen. Optionally, a washing module can also be arranged on the lower vibrating screen. In this way, two particle fractions are obtained, which, freed from pollutants and contaminants, can be reused in a variety of ways.The filtered pollutant fraction containing pollutants is contained in the sieve opening of the lower vibrating or oscillating sieve and can be disposed of.

[0027] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one middle vibrating or oscillating sieve is arranged between the upper and the lower vibrating or oscillating sieves. The mesh size of this middle sieve is designed to retain a middle fraction, allowing the fine fraction to pass through and be retained by the lower vibrating or oscillating sieve. Thus, three reusable grain fractions can be obtained. If more than three grain fractions are required, the device can have more than one middle sieve. In this case, the mesh size of the multiple middle sieves decreases from top to bottom to separate coarser middle fractions from finer middle fractions.

[0028] In a device according to the invention with two or more vibrating screens arranged one above the other, various possibilities arise for arranging the plurality of feed nozzles. In one embodiment, the plurality of feed nozzles can be arranged only above the upper vibrating screen. In other embodiments, the plurality of feed nozzles can be arranged above the upper vibrating screen and either above the lower vibrating screen or above the middle vibrating screen, in order to support the separation of the finer fractions from the respective retained fraction by spraying with a cleaning medium that also acts as a sieving aid. Therefore, it is also possible in a further embodiment that the plurality of feed nozzles are arranged above the upper, the middle, and the lower vibrating screens, respectively.With more than one medium vibrating or oscillating screen, corresponding variations are possible with regard to the arrangement of feed nozzles above none, at least one or all medium vibrating or oscillating screens.

[0029] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, a further washing module is also arranged on the at least one middle vibrating or oscillating screen in order to further improve the separation of the pollutant fraction from the at least one middle fraction and the washing result through intensive washing. With two or more middle vibrating or oscillating screens, it is possible to arrange a washing module on each middle vibrating or oscillating screen in order to better clean the retained middle fractions for reuse.

[0030] Furthermore, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one control unit of the washing module can be configured to control at least one operating parameter of the module nozzles in order to further improve the washing result. The operating parameter of the module nozzles is selected from a group that includes at least one number of uses, one nozzle direction and one nozzle angle, one jet shape, one jet pressure, one flow velocity, one jet type, one type, and one cleaning temperature. The number of uses refers to the number of module nozzles in operation, and non-exclusive examples of jet shapes include fan, cone, or point jet, as well as milling, fine, or coarse jet. The jet type is selected from a pulsed and a continuous jet. The cleaning temperature is understood to be the temperature of the cleaning medium supplied via the module nozzles.

[0031] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one control unit of the washing module is configured to control at least one operating parameter of the conveying device. The operating parameter of the conveying device is selected from a group that includes at least a conveying speed through the washing module, a conveying cycle time, a conveying duration, and a holding time.

[0032] The control unit for controlling the conveying device can be connected to the control unit for controlling the module nozzles or integrated together in a combined control unit for controlling the washing module. Furthermore, it is possible that the control unit for controlling the conveying device and / or the control unit for controlling the module nozzles, or a combined control unit of the washing module, is / are connected to or integrated into a device control unit configured to control at least one operating parameter of the feed nozzles and / or at least one operating parameter of the at least one vibrating screen. The operating parameters of the feed nozzles correspond to the operating parameters of the module nozzles. The operating parameters of the at least one vibrating screen for controlling the material flow on the vibrating screen include, in addition to the screen inclination angle, a degree or...a frequency and / or amplitude of the oscillation or vibration.

[0033] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the washing module can have a sensor at an inlet zone upstream of the module inlet for detecting the size of a material buildup in front of the module inlet. The sensor is connected to the control unit for the conveying device, the control unit being configured to control at least one operating parameter of the conveying device to change the material transport through the washing module depending on the size of the detected material buildup. Such a sensor can, for example, be a mechanical, laser-controlled, or infrared-controlled sensor.

[0034] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the feed nozzles are configured to supply at least one first cleaning medium from above onto the at least one vibrating or oscillating screen, and the upper and lower module nozzles are configured to supply at least one second cleaning medium from above and below into the module housing. The first cleaning medium and the second cleaning medium can each be selected from a group comprising at least water, aqueous cleaning solutions and cleaning dispersions, dry ice, air, and fine-grained abrasive media (such as sand). The second cleaning medium and the first cleaning medium can be the same cleaning medium, or in other words, the same cleaning medium can be selected for both the first and second cleaning media. Alternatively, it is possible for the first and second cleaning media to be different cleaning media.Furthermore, it is possible that the feed nozzles of the device are designed to supply different first cleaning media from the above group and / or the module nozzles of the washing module are designed to supply different second cleaning media from the above group.

[0035] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the washing module can additionally have lateral module nozzles which are designed to supply the second cleaning medium (or one of the second cleaning media) into the module housing from one side or from both sides, so that together with the upper and lower module nozzles an all-round supply of the second cleaning medium or the second cleaning media is enabled.

[0036] Another embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the module housing of the washing module is lined on the inside with replaceable wear plates, which protect the module nozzles and the actual module housing from damage caused by the grain fractions of the excavated material and, if necessary, by abrasive cleaning media.

[0037] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the washing module can have drying nozzles for post-cleaning and drying on the module housing and / or at an outlet zone downstream of the module housing. Within the module housing, the drying nozzles can preferably be arranged at the top between the upper module nozzles in a lower half of the module housing, or downstream of the upper module nozzles adjacent to the module outlet. The drying nozzles can also be controlled by the control unit of the washing module, with the controllable operating parameters of the drying nozzles corresponding to the operating parameters of the module or feed nozzles, based on the drying medium supplied by the drying nozzles, which can preferably be air.

[0038] According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the module housing of the washing module is closed on all sides except for the module inlet and outlet, or has drainage and / or sieve openings on its bottom, the cross-section of which is preferably smaller than the mesh size of the vibrating or oscillating sieve on which the washing module is arranged.

[0039] Another object according to the invention is formed by at least one washing module which, together with a prior art device for washing pre-cleaned excavated material, forms a device according to the invention. The prior art device for washing pre-cleaned excavated material is a retrofittable, retrofittable, existing, or conventional device.

[0040] The washing module according to the invention is designed, according to a first embodiment, for retrofitting a device that has at least one vibrating screen for washing pre-cleaned excavated material. The pre-cleaned excavated material consists of a granular material selected from the group comprising rock material, construction material, and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction. Furthermore, the device to be retrofitted has a plurality of feed nozzles above the vibrating screen, wherein the vibrating screen, which is designed to retain a granular fraction of the excavated material and to allow the pollutant fraction to pass through, is arranged at an angle to the horizontal. The device to be retrofitted has an inlet for the pre-cleaned excavated material at an upper end of the vibrating screen and an outlet for the granular fraction at a lower end of the vibrating screen.According to the invention, the washing module comprises a module housing with a module inlet and a module outlet, and a plurality of upper and lower module nozzles. The washing module is designed, when arranged on the vibrating or oscillating screen, to cover the central section of the vibrating or oscillating screen at a central section between an upper section and a lower section, wherein the module inlet can be aligned towards the upper end of the vibrating or oscillating screen and the module outlet towards the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating screen.

[0041] Further embodiments of the washing module according to the invention are described above in connection with the device according to the invention or clearly result from the described embodiments of the device according to the invention, which is why a repetition is omitted here.

[0042] A method according to the invention for washing a pre-cleaned excavated material comprising a granular material selected from the group consisting of rock material, construction material, and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction, is carried out using a device according to the invention. According to a first embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises the steps Feeding the pre-cleaned excavated material at the upper end of at least one vibrating screen inclined at an angle to the horizontal, and moving the excavated material on the vibrating screen towards the lower end while supplying the first cleaning medium through the majority of the feed nozzles arranged above the vibrating screen, thereby applying the first cleaning medium from above to the excavated material moving along the upper section of the inclined vibrating screen so that the first cleaning medium can already take effect, and pre-screening the excavated material in the upper section of the vibrating screen, thereby obtaining a screen overflow and a screen passage of the pre-screened excavated material, transferring the screen overflow of the pre-screened excavated material through the module inlet into the module housing of the washing module, which covers the middle section of the vibrating screen.and supplying the second cleaning medium into the module housing through at least a portion of the plurality of upper and lower module nozzles and intensively treating the screen overflow of the pre-screened excavated material within the module housing by applying the second cleaning medium, so that a thorough action of the second cleaning medium takes place, thereby obtaining an intensively treated excavated material, allowing the intensively treated excavated material to exit through the module outlet onto the lower section of the vibrating screen, and applying the first cleaning medium from above to the intensively treated excavated material moving along the lower section of the inclined vibrating screen, and re-screening the intensively treated excavated material in the lower section of the vibrating screen.This involves obtaining a reusable grain fraction as the screen overflow from the vibrating or oscillating screen, separating the adhering pollutant fraction, and collecting at least one reusable grain fraction at the outlet at the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating screen.

[0043] According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the intensive treatment of the screen overflow of the pre-screened excavated material comprises controlling the material transport through the module housing and / or controlling the supply of the second cleaning medium by at least one control unit. For this purpose, the control unit can control at least one operating parameter of the conveying device from the group comprising at least a conveying speed, a conveying cycle, a conveying duration and a holding time, and / or at least one operating parameter of the module nozzles from the group comprising a number of uses, nozzle direction and nozzle angle, jet shape, jet pressure, flow velocity, jet type, a type and a temperature of the second cleaning medium.

[0044] According to yet another embodiment of the method according to the invention, the material transport is controlled depending on the size of a material build-up in front of the module input, which is detected by a sensor arranged upstream of the module input and which is connected to the control unit.

[0045] According to a further embodiment of the inventive method, the intensive treatment of the screen overflow of the pre-screened excavated material comprises a subsequent cleaning and / or drying by means of drying nozzles which are arranged on the module housing or on an outlet zone downstream of the module housing and by which at least one control unit is controlled.

[0046] Further embodiments, as well as some of the advantages associated with these and other embodiments, will become clearer and more easily understood through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying figures. Objects or parts thereof that are essentially the same or similar may be provided with the same reference numerals. The figures are merely a schematic representation of one embodiment of the invention.

[0047] This shows: Fig. 1a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a prior art device which can be retrofitted with a washing module to form a device according to the invention, Fig. 2a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a further device from the prior art, which can be retrofitted with a washing module to form a device according to the invention, Fig.3a schematic longitudinal sectional view of yet another device from the prior art, which can be retrofitted with a washing module to form a device according to the invention, Fig. 4 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention with a washing module, Fig. 5 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a washing module according to an embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 6 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention with two washing modules, Fig. 7 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a washing module according to a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 8 a schematic cross-sectional view of the washing module made of Fig. 7 along section AA Fig. 9 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a washing module according to a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 10a schematic cross-sectional view of the washing module made of Fig. 9 along section BB, Fig. 11 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a washing module according to yet another embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 12 a schematic cross-sectional view of the washing module made of Fig. 11 along section CC.

[0048] The invention relates to a device and a method for washing pre-cleaned excavated materials such as construction debris or excavated soil containing granular mineral materials and, optionally, fragmented components such as asphalt or concrete rubble or granules, by means of controlled current flow and targeted application of a cleaning medium to the materials. For this purpose, conventional devices for washing pre-cleaned excavated materials are supplemented by a washing module, which can also be integrated into existing devices as a retrofit module. Thus, a washing module suitable for retrofitting itself also constitutes an independent subject matter of the invention.

[0049] Figs. 1 to 3 show devices 10' for washing pre-cleaned excavated material 3 from the prior art, which are equipped with a washing module 8 according to the invention, as in Fig. 5 and 7 -12to see, can be retrofitted to a device 10 according to the invention, for the examples in Fig. 4 and 6 are shown. Therefore, the following statements apply in conjunction with Figs. 1 to 3 This also applies to devices according to the invention. 10. For the sake of clarity, in Fig. 4 and 6 The reference numerals to the features known from the retrofittable devices 10' have been partially omitted. The device 10 in Fig. 4 is achieved by integrating a washing module 8 according to the invention into the retrofittable device 10` Fig. 3 received, which, like the retrofittable device 10`, from Fig. 1 comprising an upper vibrating or oscillating screen 1 and a lower vibrating or oscillating screen 5 arranged below it. The in Fig. 6 The illustrated device 10 is formed by integrating two washing modules 8 according to the invention into the device 10`. Fig. 2received, which in addition to the upper vibrating or oscillating screen 1 and the lower vibrating or oscillating screen 5, a middle vibrating or oscillating screen 6 ( Fig. 2 ) with a mesh size that decreases from top to bottom. The washing module 8 is arranged on the respective vibrating or oscillating screen 1, 5, 6 in a central section II between an upper section I and a lower section III, such that a module housing 20 of the washing module 8 covers the central section II of the respective vibrating or oscillating screen 1, 5, 6. The module inlet 21 of the washing module 8, which points towards the upper end of the respective vibrating or oscillating screen 1, 5, 6, and the module outlet 22, which points towards the lower end of the respective vibrating or oscillating screen 1, 5, 6, extend over the entire width of the module housing 20 and thus correspondingly over the width of the respective vibrating or oscillating screen 1, 5, 6.

[0050] All vibrating screens 1, 5, 6, hereinafter referred to as screens 1, 5, 6, are coupled to a drive (not shown) that sets them into oscillation or vibration to support the screening process and the material transport of the screen overflow on the screen 1, 5, 6. For material transport, the screens 1, 5, 6 are further arranged at an angle α to the horizontal H, which is perpendicular to the vertical direction, i.e., to the local direction of gravitational acceleration. The inclination α, as well as the oscillation frequency and amplitude, allows the material flow or the speed of material transport on the screens 1, 5, 6 to be controlled and optimally adapted to the respective application or the specific type and shape of the excavation. Common inclination angles α, for example, are in the range of 10° to 30°, and a corresponding adjustment device may be provided for adapting the inclination angle.

[0051] Above the upper sieve 1 are arranged feed nozzles 2, which are designed to supply a first cleaning medium 4 in the direction of the upper sieve 1. The devices 10 with washing module 8 differ in this respect. Fig. 4 and 6 of the devices 10` without washing module 8 in Figs. 1 to 3 in that no feed nozzles 2 are arranged above the washing module 8. When retrofitting the devices 10', the feed nozzles 2 above the upper screen 1 in the middle area II can therefore be removed, bypassed, or switched off. The devices 10, 10' with a middle screen 1 ( Fig. 2 , 6 ) additionally have further feed nozzles 2 above the lower sieve 5, which are designed to supply the first cleaning medium 4 in the direction of the lower sieve 1.

[0052] Furthermore, the retrofittable devices 10` differ from Fig. 1 and 3Regarding the type, number, and arrangement of the nozzles 2, this is intended to clarify that the type, number, and arrangement of the nozzles 2 can be designed arbitrarily in devices 10 according to the invention and are not limited to the examples shown. The cleaning medium 4 supplied through the nozzles 2 is intended to clean the usable grain fractions 3a, 3b, 3c of the pre-cleaned granular excavated material 3 from the pollutant fraction 3d, which frequently adheres to it and contains pollutants, and which is then discharged together with the cleaning medium 4.

[0053] A pre-wash (e.g., by a sword washer) separates a major portion of the unusable soil materials and loose pollutants from the recyclable granular rock and construction material, along with impurities such as metal, wood, paper, and plastic. The granular excavated material 3 (indicated by the black and white block arrow), separated and pre-cleaned after pre-washing, is a mixture of granular rock material and / or granular construction material with adhering pollutant fraction 3d. It is then fed onto the upper screen 1 for screening and washing. The excavated material 3 is fed into the inlet 23 of the device 10, 10' at the upper end of the upper screen 1, as shown on the right in the figures. Under the influence of gravity and vibrations, the excavated material mixture 3 flows downwards along the longitudinal axis of the screen 1 and is thereby subjected to the first cleaning medium 4 from above via the feed nozzles 2.On the upper screen 1, a coarse fraction 3a (indicated by the white block arrows) with a grain size larger than the mesh size of the upper screen 1 is retained. The coarse fraction 3a is collected as screen overflow at the outlet 23' at the lower end of the upper screen 1 (shown on the left in the figures) for subsequent transport. For example, a conveyor belt (not shown) can be connected to the outlet 23' of the upper screen 1, which can extend, for instance, to a stockpile.

[0054] A medium and fine fraction 3b, 3c (each indicated by the black and hatched block arrows) with particle sizes smaller than the mesh size of the upper sieve 1, and the cleaning medium 4 pass through the upper sieve 1 and, in the examples of Fig. 1 , 3 and 4 onto the lower sieve 5. In the example of Fig. 2 and 6The medium and fine fractions 3a and 3b fall onto the middle sieve 6, whose mesh size retains the medium fraction 3b (indicated by the black block arrows) as overflow and allows the fine fraction 3c (indicated by the hatched block arrows) to pass through, so that the fine fraction 3c reaches the lower sieve 5. Corresponding to the coarse fraction 3a, the overflow from the middle and lower sieves 6 and 5 is collected at the lower end by the respective outlets 26' and 26 in the figures on the left for subsequent transport.

[0055] The lower sieve 5 is designed to separate the used cleaning medium 4, which, together with the pollutant fraction 3d, is collected as a sieve passage in a collection container 7 located below the lower sieve 5. The collected cleaning medium 4 is gathered and, depending on the pollutant fraction 3d content, can either be recirculated directly via lines 28 (indicated in Fig. 4) The material is either returned to the feed nozzles 2 or at least passes through one cleaning stage. Using an aqueous cleaning medium 4, e.g., water, the lower sieve 5 is hereinafter also referred to as the dewatering sieve 5, which separates the cleaning medium 4, along with the pollutant fraction 3d, from the retained fine fraction 3c.

[0056] The screens 1, 5, 6 simultaneously separate the pre-cleaned excavated material 3 into different fractions 3a, 3b, 3c and wash it to remove the adhering pollutant fraction 3d. For example, if a gravel excavated material 3 has an initial particle size of up to 65 mm, the mesh size of the upper screen 1 can be selected to retain a coarse fraction 3a with a particle size of, for example, 32 to 65 mm. In a device 10, 10' with two screens 1, 5, a medium and fine fraction 3b, 3c with a particle size of up to 32 mm can then be obtained as the screen overflow of the dewatering screen 5 with a corresponding mesh size. Other mesh sizes are, of course, conceivable, as is the arrangement of further screens to obtain fractions with desired particle sizes.Furthermore, it is possible that a device 10 can be designed modularly with sevens in different numbers, configured with mesh sizes according to the desired fractions.

[0057] Due to the large quantities and therefore typically high throughput generated during construction work, the cleaning result of conventional devices 10' can only be influenced to a limited extent by the type, number, and arrangement of the feed nozzles 2 along the sieves 1, 5, 6. While the feed nozzles 2 allow for precise alignment with the sieves 1, 5, 6, the angle of impact on the individual grains is rather random and cannot be controlled precisely due to their shape and position on the sieves 1, 5, 6. Therefore, it is possible that in conventional devices 10', a certain proportion of the granular material 3 is not exposed to the cleaning medium 4, or only insufficiently or at specific points, and is therefore only inadequately freed from the adhering pollutant fraction 3d. Thus, in the prior art, residual adhering to the pollutant fractions 3a, 3b, 3c can remain on the grain fractions 3a, 3b, 3c after washing and sieving.This is because particularly stubborn dirt particles, such as pesticides and oils, are difficult to remove from the aggregate. Even with visually good cleaning results, residual contamination remains in the cleaned product, which, depending on the degree of contamination, can limit the reuse of the cleaned materials. Increasing the pressure of the cleaning medium 4 via the feed nozzles 2 generally does not improve the cleaning result in the current state of the art, as particles struck by the high-pressure jet can evade it.

[0058] A device 10 equipped with one or more washing modules 8 enables a significantly improved cleaning result through intensive washing within the washing module 8. A washing module 8 can be arranged in the middle section II of any screen whose overflow is to be recycled. Preferably, a washing module 8 is arranged at least on the upper screen 1, as shown in Fig. 4 and 6 to be seen, with the device 10 in Fig. 6The device 10 features an additional washing module 8 on the middle screen 6. Devices with more than three screens for obtaining corresponding subfractions are not shown. Here, too, a washing module 8 can be arranged in the middle section II of each screen whose overflow is to be recycled. Further modifications of the device 10, not shown, include, for example, the arrangement of an additional washing module 8 on the lower screen 5.

[0059] The washing module 8, for which examples are in Fig. 5 and 7 to 12The figures show a multitude of upper module nozzles 12 and lower module nozzles 12', of which only some are labeled in the figures for clarity. The upper and lower module nozzles 12, 12' are directed into the interior of the module housing 20, allowing a second cleaning medium 4' to be supplied from above and below through the module nozzles 12, 12'. Not shown is a modification of a washing module that, in addition to the upper and lower module nozzles, can also have lateral module nozzles, so that the second cleaning medium can be supplied from all sides.

[0060] Before entering the washing module 8, the pre-cleaned excavated material 3, fed into the inlet 23 of the device 10, is pre-screened in the upper section I of the upper screen 1. Only a portion of the medium and fine fractions 3b, 3c contained in the excavated material 3 passes through the upper screen 1 as screen passage 31 under the influence of the first cleaning medium 4 in the first section I. Thus, the screen overflow 30 of the pre-screened excavated material 3 arriving at the module inlet 21 of the washing module 8 on the upper screen 1 includes not only the coarse fraction 3a, but also a residual portion of the medium and fine fractions 3b, 3c. In the example of Fig. 4 With two sieves 1, 5 and a washing module 8 on the upper sieve 1, the sieve passage 31 of the excavated mass 3 passes directly onto the lower sieve 5, with which the first cleaning medium 4 is separated from the retained medium and fine fraction 3b, 3c.

[0061] In the example of Fig. 6With three sieves 1, 5, 6 and one washing module 8 each on the upper sieve 1 and the middle sieve 6, the sieve passage 31 obtained in the upper section I of the upper sieve 1, which comprises a portion of the medium and fine fractions 3b, 3c of the excavated material 3, reaches the upper section I of the middle sieve 6. There, a portion of the fine fraction 3c is separated as sieve passage 31' from the retained medium fraction 3b, which, together with the corresponding remaining portion of the fine fraction 3c, arrives as sieve overflow 30' of the middle sieve 6 at the module inlet 21 of the washing module 8 arranged on the middle sieve 6.

[0062] The intensive washing in the respective washing module 8 takes place at the screen overflow 30, 30', which is already supplied with the first cleaning medium 4 from above. This overflow is obtained in the upper section I of the respective screen 1, 6 by pre-screening the excavated material 3. After entering the washing module 8, the screen overflow 30, 30' of the pre-screened excavated material 3 is supplied with the second cleaning medium 4' through the module nozzles 12, 12'. This second cleaning medium is supplied through the upper and lower module nozzles 12, 12', as shown in Fig. 5 and 7 to 12 to be seen. This causes the adhering pollutant fraction 3d to be detached along with the pollutants from the reusable coarse, medium, and / or fine fractions 3a, 3b, 3c.

[0063] The intensively treated excavated material 32, 32' and the second cleaning medium 4' leave the washing module 8 through the module outlet 22 and reach the lower section III of the respective sieve 1,6 ( Fig. 4 , Fig. 6). There, the intensively treated excavated material 32, 32' is supplied with the first cleaning medium 4 through the feed nozzles 2 of the device 10, and the screening process continues, with the second cleaning medium 4' also passing through the respective screen 1, 6. In the lower section III of the upper screen 1, the excavated material 32, which has been intensively treated in the washing module 8 of the upper screen 1, is screened again. The portion of the medium and fine fractions 3b, 3c remaining in the screen overflow 30 of the upper screen 1 in the upper section I, and the pollutant fraction 3d dissolved in the washing module 8, pass through the upper screen 1. Thus, the intensively cleaned coarse fraction 3a arrives at the outlet 23' of the upper screen 1 as screen overflow, without adhering pollutant fraction 3d or with a minimized proportion of adhering pollutant fraction 3d.

[0064] The sieve opening 33 obtained in the lower section III of the upper sieve 1, consisting of medium and fine fractions 3b, 3c and pollutant fraction 3d, passes together with the cleaning media 4, 4' in the example of Fig. 4 onto the lower sieve 5. There, the retained medium and fine fraction 3b, 3c, which is obtained as sieve overflow of the lower sieve 5 at outlet 26, is separated from the first and second cleaning medium 4, 4' with the pollutant fraction 3d, which are collected in the collection container 7.

[0065] In device 10 of Fig. 6The screen opening 33 of the upper screen 1 in the lower section III meets the middle screen 6 and is screened there together with the excavated material 32, which has been intensively treated in the washing module 8 of the middle screen 6. The middle fraction 3b is retained and collected as screen overflow at the outlet 26' of the middle screen 6. The fine fraction 3c and the cleaning media 4, 4' with the pollutant fraction 3d pass through the middle screen 6 in the lower section III and reach the lower screen 5 as screen opening 33'. There, the fine fraction 3c is collected as screen overflow 30" at the outlet 26, while the cleaning media 4, 4' with the pollutant fraction 3d are collected in the collection container 7.

[0066] The second cleaning medium 4' can be the same as the first cleaning medium 4, e.g., water or dry ice. Of course, it is also possible to use different cleaning media as the first and second cleaning media 4, 4'. Furthermore, alternatives such as aqueous cleaning solutions, dispersions, air, or fine-grained abrasives like sand are conceivable for both cleaning media. Since this description refers to liquid or aqueous cleaning media, especially water, the use of other cleaning media such as dry ice or abrasives will necessitate corresponding modifications to the equipment or process.

[0067] If, for example, one or both cleaning media are dry ice, which sublimates and disperses as a gas during the washing process, it is not considered part of the screen opening. Furthermore, a collection container 7 for the cleaning medium 4 can then be omitted, or the collection container 7 can be designed to collect the pollutant fraction 3d. When using an abrasive medium for one or both cleaning media, the mesh size of the lower screen 5 and components of a recirculation line 28 with cleaning stages can differ from the mesh sizes of a dewatering screen 5 and the recirculation components for aqueous cleaning media. Abrasive cleaning media 4, such as sand, can be separated from the pollutant fraction 3d by classifiers as cleaning stages for the recirculation system. Possible cleaning stages for aqueous cleaning media 4 include, for example, settling, flocculation, and / or filtration units.Furthermore, it is possible that the supply and discharge of the cleaning media 4, 4' from the in . Fig. 4 The indicated circuit line 28 deviates from the standard configuration, supplying both the feed nozzles 2 and the washing module 8 (or its module nozzles). It is understood that, alternatively, the feed nozzles 8 and the module nozzles of the washing module 8 can also be supplied separately from different feed lines without a circuit. This is necessary when using different cleaning media, but can also be implemented when using the same cleaning medium.

[0068] The washing module 8, whose module housing 20 is closed except for the module inlet 21 and the module outlet 22, allows the second cleaning medium 4' to be applied to the grain fractions 3a, 3b, 3c to be washed at a significantly higher pressure than is possible for the application of the first cleaning medium 4 through the feed nozzles 2. This, along with the application from at least above and below, and possibly also from the side, ensures targeted and effective cleaning in the continuous process. Outside the washing module 8, the grain fractions 3a, 3b, 3c to be washed must rest on the respective sieves 1, 5, 6. Therefore, the first cleaning medium 4 can only be applied to the sieves 1, 5, 6 from above to avoid interfering with the sieving process and to facilitate the passage of the respective smaller grain fractions and the contaminant fraction through the respective sieves 1, 5, 6.Although it is preferred that the washing module 8 is completely closed except for the module inlet 21 and module outlet 22, the module housing 20 may optionally have drainage and / or sieve openings at its base that allow the discharge of the second cleaning medium 4' and / or smaller particle fractions and the contaminant fraction. The cross-sectional area of ​​these optional openings is preferably selected to be smaller than the mesh size of the sieve on which the corresponding washing module is arranged, in order to ensure the unimpeded passage of the discharged cleaning medium or the discharged smaller particle fractions and the contaminant fraction.

[0069] The cleaning result achievable with the washing module 8 can be further improved by controlling and guiding the material transport through the washing module 8 and / or by specifically controlling and aligning the module nozzles 12, 12' to move the granular rock and / or building material. For this purpose, the washing module 8 can have a conveying device for controlling material transport within the module housing 20. Several examples of this are shown in Figs. 7 to 12 The conveying devices each comprise a rotating traction element 13, 15 and associated conveying blades 9. These are guided by the traction element 13, 15 through the module housing 20, wherein the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conveying blades 9 corresponds to the inner cross-sectional area of ​​the module housing 20.

[0070] Washing module 8 of the Figs. 7 and 8The traction element consists of parallel conveyor belts 13 that run around two deflection rollers 11. The conveyor belts 13, to which the conveying blades 9 are attached on one side, optionally by means of a carrier, run through the module housing 20 near the upper housing wall (unlabeled) and are spaced apart from each other so that the upper module nozzles 12 located there are not obstructed. Therefore, the number of conveyor belts 13 can depend on the number of upper module nozzles 12 arranged side by side. If the number of upper module nozzles 12 arranged side by side is as in the example of Fig. 8 In the case of three, the traction element of the conveyor device can consist of four circulating conveyor belts 13, as shown here. Furthermore, the washing module 8, as in Fig. 7A support structure 27, shown only symbolically, is provided on which the deflection rollers 11 are mounted outside the module housing 20. The support structure 27 can be connected to the module housing 20, particularly if the washing module 8 is a separate unit. For retrofitting a device 10', the module housing 20 or the support structure 27, or both, can further include fastening means for mounting on the respective sieve 1, 5, 6 in the device 10'.

[0071] Figs. 9 to 12Figure 1 shows a washing module 8 whose conveying device has carriers 14 that provide a central connection between the conveying blades 9 and the circulating traction element, which consists of two chains 15. Each chain 15 is guided laterally outside the module housing 20 via two deflection pinions 15' such that the carriers 14, which are attached at their ends to both chains 15, extend transversely through the center and across the width of the module housing 20. The side walls (unlabeled) of the module housing 20 have corresponding guide openings (unlabeled) for the passage of the carriers 14.

[0072] Alternative conveying devices that differ from the examples shown are of course possible within the scope of protection and are selected from known conveying devices and configured in such a way that the supply of the second cleaning medium 4' with the module nozzles 12, 12' for the application to the conveyed material is not impaired.

[0073] As in Fig. 9 As indicated, the washing module 8 has a control unit 19, which is designed to control and / or regulate the conveying device, the module nozzles 12, 12', and at least one fitting 29 of the piping system 28 for supplying the second cleaning medium 4'. Of course, several control units can also be used, which can communicate with each other and / or with a higher-level control unit. It is also possible that the control unit(s) of the washing module 8 is / are included in a control unit of the device 10. The control unit 19 can influence and control the material transport and the cleaning parameters during the intensive washing process.

[0074] The following parameters of the conveying device, which can be controlled and / or regulated to control material transport, include, for example, conveying speed through the washing module, conveying cycle time, conveying duration, and holding time to adjust the material throughput during intensive washing. Parameters of the module nozzles for controlling the supply of the second cleaning medium include, for example, the number of nozzles used, nozzle direction and angle, jet shape, jet pressure, flow velocity, jet type, and the type and temperature of the second cleaning medium.

[0075] In other words, the controllable and / or adjustable parameters relate to the intensity of the spray pattern, the number, arrangement, and orientation angle of the module nozzles in operation, the pressure of the secondary cleaning medium, and the jet setting of the module nozzles to influence the cleaning intensity of the material during intensive washing. Further parameters relate to the consumption of the secondary cleaning medium and the control of the nozzle jet itself, e.g., pressure jet, intermittent pressure jet, milling jet, fine jet, coarse jet, etc. Thus, the movement and position of the aggregate particles can be influenced simultaneously with the supply of the secondary cleaning medium through the module nozzles.

[0076] The controllable and / or adjustable conveying device guides the conveying blades 9 through the module housing 20 in a controlled manner as they move along the material flow. The conveying blades 9 act as entry / stagnation points for the material, thus selectively slowing down or stopping its flow, or at least controlling it so that the aggregate and building material particles perform a rolling motion. The material can therefore be conveyed freely or in a stagnant state through the fully enclosed washing module. If "holding still" the material is required for cleaning, the conveying speed of the blade guide can be reduced to the flow velocity of the material caused by the screen inclination α and the oscillating or vibrating motion. If stagnation of the material is desired for cleaning, the conveying speed of the blade guide is reduced below the flow velocity.Particularly during a resting phase, the cleaning of the aggregates of rock and / or building materials is possible with a targeted cleaning pressure from the second cleaning medium, either from one side, from above and below, or from all sides. By accumulating the material in the washing module, individual particles can also be selectively layered if required. Likewise, the material can be temporarily clamped within the module housing to allow for targeted application and cleaning.

[0077] If there is too much backflow in front of the washing module, i.e. in the upper section of the respective sieve, the conveying speed is temporarily and deliberately increased to allow the incoming material to achieve the new desired arrangement in the washing module.

[0078] For this purpose, the washing module 8 can be used, as in Fig. 11As can be seen, at an input zone 24 upstream of the module input 21, a mechanical, laser- or infrared-controlled encoder 16 is located, which is connected to the control unit 19. The encoder 16 is designed to detect the size of a material build-up upstream of the module input 21, whereby the connected control device 19 can control the conveying device to change the material transport through the washing module 8 depending on the size of the detected material build-up. Thus, when predetermined material build-up rates X are detected, the conveying speed can be increased or decreased accordingly. Furthermore, the figure shown in Fig. 11The illustrated washing module 8 has drying nozzles 18, which are arranged as air nozzles 18 for post-cleaning and drying on the ceiling of the module housing 20 near the module outlet 22 and at an outlet zone 25 above and downstream of the module housing 20, so that the material can be sprayed with air from above as it leaves the washing module 8. The drying nozzles 18 can also be connected to the control unit 19 for control purposes.

[0079] The arrangement of sensor 16 and drying nozzles 18 is independent of each other; contrary to what is shown, it is also possible that a wash module 8 with sensor 16 has no drying nozzles 18 and a wash module 8 with drying nozzles 18 has no sensor 16. The arrangement of sensor 16 and drying nozzles 18 is also independent of the other features shown in the diagram. Fig. 11 and especially in Fig. 12The illustrated inner lining of the module housing 20 with wear plates 17. The wear plates 17 are designed to protect the module housing as replacement plates for the wear surfaces caused by abrasive wear, and can be easily replaced.

[0080] The modular nozzles can be variably arranged and operated. For example, the number of nozzles used can be increased to meet high cleaning demands. Furthermore, the cleaning pressure can be increased, and individual nozzles can be controlled selectively. This allows for targeted movement of the aggregate and / or building material particles within the washing module, either by rotation or acceleration. The modular nozzles can also be rotated and moved as needed, and each nozzle, which can be installed at any point within the washing module, can be individually controlled. The washing module can also be configured with different nozzles, designed for different blasting types or for supplying different cleaning media, such as water nozzles, dry ice nozzles, air nozzles, or material blasting nozzles (e.g., sand).

[0081] The washing module according to the invention, as described above, allows for intensive treatment of the materials to be cleaned, i.e., they can be subjected to very high pressure effectively and in a highly targeted manner, resulting in effective and very thorough cleaning. This leads to entirely new and improved cleaning results and to improved and new applications for the more thoroughly cleaned materials. In this way, the improved basic cleaning also makes it possible to selectively wash away strongly adhering substances, such as fats, oils, pesticides, tar, and the like, under high pressure while maintaining the desired particle size distribution. The washing module thus very effectively addresses the environmental aspect of resource conservation and the associated possibility of using recycled building materials. REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0082] 1 Upper vibrating screen, 2 Feed nozzle 3 Pre-cleaned excavated material 3a,b,c,d Coarse, medium, fine, pollutant fraction 4, 4' First, second cleaning medium 5 Lower vibrating screen 6 Middle vibrating screen 7 Collection container 8 Washing module 9 Conveyor bucket 10, 10' Device, retrofittable device 11 Deflection roller 12, 12' Upper, lower module nozzle 13 Traction element / conveyor belt 14 Drive pinion 15, 15' Traction element / chain, deflection pinion 16 Sensor 17 Wear plate 18 Drying nozzles 19 Control unit 20 Module housing 21 Module inlet 22 Module outlet 23, 23' Inlet pre-cleaned excavated material, outlet coarse fraction 24 Inlet zone 25Outlet zone 26, 26'Fine fraction outlet, Middle fraction outlet 27Support structure 28Piping system 29Fitting 30, 30', 30"Upper, middle, lower screen overflow Pre-screened feed material 31, 31'Upper, middle screen passage Pre-screened feed material 32, 32'Intensively treated feed material from upper, middle washing module 33, 33'Upper,average sieve opening, screened feed mass I, II, III, upper, middle, lower sieve section α, inclination angle H, horizontal

Claims

1. Device (10) for washing a pre-cleaned excavated material (3) comprising a granular material selected from the group consisting of rock material and construction material and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction (3d), wherein the device (10) comprises at least one vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and a plurality of feed nozzles (2) above the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), wherein the at least one vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), which is designed to retain a granular fraction (3a, 3b, 3c) of the excavated material (3) and to allow at least the pollutant fraction (3d) to pass through, is arranged inclined at an angle (α) to the horizontal (H), and an inlet (23) for the pre-cleaned excavated material (3) is located at an upper end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and an outlet (23', 26, 26') for the grain fraction (3a, 3b, 3c`) are arranged at a lower end of the vibrating or oscillating sieve (1, 5, 6), characterized by the fact thatthe device (10) has at least one washing module (8) arranged on the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6) at a central section (II) between an upper section (I) and a lower section (III), wherein the washing module (8) has a module housing (20) with a module inlet (21) and a module outlet (22) and covers the central section (II) of the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6), and wherein the module inlet (21) points to the upper end, and the module outlet (22) points to the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6), and wherein the washing module (8) has a plurality of upper and lower module nozzles (12, 12').

2. Device (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe washing module (8) has a conveying device designed to control material transport in the module housing (20), and which has a circulating traction element (13, 15) and conveying vanes (9) connected to the traction element (13, 15) which is guided through the module housing (20), wherein the conveying vanes (9) cover an inner cross-sectional area of ​​the module housing (20).

3. Device (10) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the conveying device has carriers (14) which are connected to the conveying blades (9) and attached to the traction element (13, 15), and / or the traction element (13, 15) has at least one conveyor belt (13) which runs over at least two deflection rollers (11), or two chains (15) which each run over at least two deflection pinions (15').

4. Device (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact thatthe device (10) has two vibrating screens (1, 5, 6) arranged one above the other with a mesh size decreasing from top to bottom, wherein an upper vibrating screen (1), at the upper end of which the inlet (23) for the pre-cleaned excavated material (3) is located, has a mesh size designed to retain a coarse fraction (3a), and a lower vibrating screen (5) has a mesh size designed to retain a fine fraction (3c), wherein a washing module (8) is arranged on the upper vibrating screen (1).

5. Device (10) according to claim 4, characterized by the fact thatthe device (10) between the upper vibrating or oscillating screen (1) and the lower vibrating or oscillating screen (5) comprises at least one middle vibrating or oscillating screen (6) with a mesh size designed to retain the middle fraction (3b), wherein the device (10) comprises the plurality of feed nozzles (2) - only above the upper vibrating or oscillating screen (1) or - each above the upper vibrating or oscillating screen (1) and above the lower vibrating or oscillating screen (5) or - each above the upper vibrating or oscillating screen (1) and above the middle vibrating or oscillating screen (6) or - each above the upper vibrating or oscillating screen (1) and above the middle vibrating or oscillating screen (6) and above the lower vibrating or oscillating screen (5).

6. Device (10) according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that on which at least one medium vibrating or oscillating screen (6) and a further washing module (8) is arranged.

7. Device (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that that at least one washing module (8) is operationally coupled with a control unit (19) which is designed to control at least one operating parameter of the module nozzles (12, 12`) which is selected from a group which has at least one number of uses, nozzle direction and nozzle angle, jet shape, jet pressure, flow velocity, jet type, a type and a cleaning temperature.

8. Device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that at least one control unit (19) of the washing module (8) is configured to control at least one operating parameter of the conveying device, which is selected from a group that includes at least a conveying speed through the washing module (8), a conveying cycle, a conveying duration and a holding duration.

9. Device (10) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact thatThe washing module (8) has a sensor (16) at an input zone (24) upstream of the module input (21) for determining the size of a material build-up in front of the module input (21), wherein the sensor (16) is connected to the control unit (19) which is configured to control at least one operating parameter of the conveying device for changing the material transport through the washing module (8) depending on the size of the detected material build-up.

10. Device (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact thatthe feed nozzles (2) are configured to supply at least a first cleaning medium (4) from above onto the at least one vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6), and the module nozzles (12, 12') are configured to supply at least a second cleaning medium (4') from above and below into the module housing (20), wherein the first cleaning medium (4) and the second cleaning medium (4') are each selected from a group comprising at least water, aqueous cleaning solutions and dispersions, dry ice, air, and fine-grained abrasive media such as sand, wherein the second cleaning medium (4') and the first cleaning medium (4) are the same cleaning medium (4, 4') or different cleaning media (4, 4'), and / or the washing module (8) additionally has lateral module nozzles configured to supply the second cleaning medium (4') from one or both sides into the module housing (20).

11. Device (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that the module housing (20) of the washing module (8) is lined on the inside with replaceable wear plates (17), and / or the washing module (8) has drying nozzles (18) on the module housing (20) or on an outlet zone (25) downstream of the module housing (20), and / or the module housing (20) of the washing module (8) is closed on all sides except for the module inlet (21) and module outlet (22) or has drainage and / or sieve openings on its bottom, the opening cross-section of which is preferably smaller than a mesh size of the vibrating or oscillating sieve (1, 5, 6) on which the washing module (8) is arranged.

12. Washing module (8), configured to provide a device (10) for washing a pre-cleaned excavated material (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 using a retrofittable device (10'), wherein the retrofittable device (10') for washing a pre-cleaned excavated material (3), which comprises a granular material selected from the group consisting of rock material and construction material and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction, comprises at least one vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and, above the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), a plurality of feed nozzles (2) for at least one first cleaning medium (4), wherein the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), which is configured to retain a granular fraction (3a, 3b, 3c) of the excavated material (3) and to allow the pollutant fraction (3d) and the first cleaning medium (4) to pass through, is inclined at an angle (α) to the horizontal (H) is arranged at an inclinationand an inlet (23) for the pre-cleaned excavated material (3) is arranged at an upper end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and an outlet (23', 26, 26') for the granular fraction (3a, 3b, 3c) is arranged at a lower end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), wherein the washing module (8), which has a module housing (20) with a module inlet (21) and a module outlet (22) and a plurality of upper and lower module nozzles (12, 12'), is configured, when arranged on the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) at a central section (II) between an upper section (I) and a lower section (III), to cover the central section (II) of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), wherein the module inlet (21) faces the upper end of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and the module output (22) can be aligned to the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6).

13. Method for washing a pre-cleaned excavated mass (3) comprising a granular material selected from the group consisting of rock material and construction material and mixtures thereof, each with an adhering pollutant fraction (3d), using a device (10) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, comprehensive the steps- Feeding the pre-cleaned excavated material (3) at the upper end of at least one vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) inclined at an angle (α) to the horizontal (H), and moving the excavated material (3) on the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) towards the lower end, supplying a first cleaning medium (4) through the majority of the feed nozzles (2) arranged above the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), thereby - applying the first cleaning medium (4) from above to the excavated material (3) moving along the upper section (I) of the inclined vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) and pre-screening the excavated material (3) in the upper section (I) of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), thereby obtaining a screen overflow (30, 30') and a screen opening (31, 31') the pre-screened excavated material (3), - transferring the screen overflow (30, 30') of the pre-screened excavated material (3) through the module inlet (21) into the module housing (20) of the washing module (8),which covers the middle section (II) of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), and - supplying a second cleaning medium (4') into the module housing (20) through at least a portion of the plurality of upper and lower module nozzles (12, 12') and, within the module housing (20), intensively treating the screen overflow (30, 30') of the pre-screened excavated material (3) by applying the second cleaning medium (4'), thereby obtaining an intensively treated excavated material (32, 32'), - allowing the intensively treated excavated material (32, 32') to exit through the module outlet (22) onto the lower section (III) of the vibrating screen (1, 5, 6), and - applying the intensively treated excavated material (32, 32') moving along the lower section (III) of the inclined vibrating screen (1, 5, 6) with the first cleaning medium (4) from above, and subsequent sieving of the intensively treated excavated material (32, 32') in the lower section (III) of the vibrating screen (1,5, 6), thereby obtaining a reusable grain fraction (3a, 3b, 3c) as screen overflow of the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6) by separating the adhering pollutant fraction (3d) and collecting at least one reusable grain fraction (3a, 3b, 3c) at the outlet (23', 26, 26`) at the lower end of the vibrating or oscillating screen (1, 5, 6).

14. Method according to claim 13, wherein the intensive treatment of the screen overflow (30, 30') of the pre-screened excavated material (3) comprises controlling the material transport through the module housing (10) and / or the supply of the second cleaning medium (4') by at least one control unit (19) which - for controlling the material transport, controls at least one operating parameter of the conveying device from the group comprising at least a conveying speed, a conveying cycle, a conveying duration and a holding duration, and / or - for controlling the supply of the second cleaning medium (4'), controls at least one operating parameter of the module nozzles (12, 12') from the group comprising a number of uses, nozzle direction and nozzle angle, jet shape, jet pressure, flow velocity, jet type, a type and a temperature of the second cleaning medium (4').

15. Method according to claim 14, wherein - the control of the material transport is carried out depending on the size of a material build-up in front of the module inlet (21), which is detected by a sensor (16) arranged upstream of the module inlet (21) and which is connected to the control unit (19), and / or - the intensive treatment of the screen overflow (30, 30') of the pre-screened excavated material (3) comprises a subsequent cleaning and / or drying by means of drying nozzles (18) which are arranged on the module housing (20) or on an outlet zone (25) downstream of the module housing (20) and by which at least one control unit (19) is controlled.

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